WO2022166992A1 - Speed reducer for crane and crane - Google Patents

Speed reducer for crane and crane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166992A1
WO2022166992A1 PCT/CN2022/075700 CN2022075700W WO2022166992A1 WO 2022166992 A1 WO2022166992 A1 WO 2022166992A1 CN 2022075700 W CN2022075700 W CN 2022075700W WO 2022166992 A1 WO2022166992 A1 WO 2022166992A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
driving
station
shaft
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/075700
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周清泉
王永务
苏世伟
段毅
Original Assignee
万鑫精工(湖南)股份有限公司
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Application filed by 万鑫精工(湖南)股份有限公司 filed Critical 万鑫精工(湖南)股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022166992A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166992A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a reducer for a crane and a crane.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reducer for a crane, which aims to improve the adaptability of the reducer and increase the variety and flexibility of the speed change of the crane.
  • the reducer for a crane proposed by the present invention includes:
  • a power input shaft one end of the power input main shaft is connected to the drive device;
  • the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft
  • the first driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear
  • the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear
  • the second driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear
  • the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear
  • a transmission device which cooperates with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the reducer;
  • the intermediate gear is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, and the intermediate gear has a first station and a second station. Under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously connected with the driving gear and the first driven gear. meshing to drive the first driven gear to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the second driven gear at the same time to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
  • the driving device includes a driving motor and a driving mechanism, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the intermediate rotating shaft of the intermediate gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
  • the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
  • the second clutch device After it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to try to rotate;
  • the step of driving the motor to drive the intermediate gear to try to rotate further includes:
  • the second clutch device is connected, and the driving mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear.
  • the drive mechanism includes a drive gear ring and a drive gear
  • the drive gear ring is fixedly arranged in the casing, and the side wall of the drive gear ring has gear teeth; the drive gear meshes with the drive gear ring, and the drive gear
  • the drive shaft of the gear is connected to the intermediate shaft through a second device.
  • the transmission device includes a connection frame, a transmission gear, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connection frame, and the connection frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
  • the power output shaft is provided with a power output gear.
  • the transmission gear meshes with the power output gear and the first reduction gear at the same time.
  • the transmission gear simultaneously engages with the power output gear and the second reduction gear.
  • the reduction gear meshes.
  • the transmission device includes a connection frame, a transmission gear, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connection frame, and the connection frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
  • the power output shaft is provided with a power output gear.
  • the transmission gear meshes with the power output gear and the first driven gear at the same time.
  • the transmission gear simultaneously meshes with the power output gear and the first driven gear.
  • the two driven gears mesh.
  • a pressure sensor is provided on the driving gear ring, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear is in the first station according to the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor. or second station.
  • the crane reducer further includes a frame, the frame is fixedly connected with the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring is detachably installed on the frame.
  • the step of determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to a preset driving parameter, and the step of disconnecting the first clutch device includes:
  • the drive motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate the preset number of turns
  • the method before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device, the method further includes:
  • the present invention also provides a crane, which includes a reducer for the crane, the reducer includes a power input shaft, and one end of the power input main shaft is connected to a driving device;
  • the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft
  • the first driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear
  • the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear
  • the second driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear
  • the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear
  • a transmission device which cooperates with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the reducer;
  • the intermediate gear is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, and the intermediate gear has a first station and a second station. Under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously connected with the driving gear and the first driven gear. meshing to drive the first driven gear to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the second driven gear at the same time to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
  • the driving device includes a driving motor and a driving mechanism, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the intermediate rotating shaft of the intermediate gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
  • the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
  • the second clutch device After it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to try to rotate;
  • the technical scheme of the present invention firstly controls the first clutch device and the second clutch device to connect the drive output shaft, the intermediate shaft and the drive mechanism according to the position switching command through the main control circuit, so that the intermediate gear moves to the first station or the second station; After confirming that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, disconnect the second clutch device, and drive the motor to drive the intermediate gear for trial rotation; Open the first clutch device, so that the intermediate gear can be accurately switched between the first station and the second station, so that the reducer can have more reduction stages, improve the adaptability of the reducer, and make the lifting
  • the device can cope with more and more complex working conditions, which is beneficial to meet the needs of different working conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of a reducer for a crane according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of still another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the driving gear and the driving gear ring of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention.
  • label name label name 100 drive gear 210 first driven gear 220 second driven gear 300 Intermediate gear 260 third clutch 270 Fourth clutch device 510 motor 520 first clutch 530 drive gear 550 second clutch device 560 Intermediate shaft 610 first reduction gear 620 second reduction gear 710 power take-off gear 720 PTO 810 Transmission gear 820 connection frame 830 Fifth clutch device 230 third driven gear 910 drive ring 930 drive shaft
  • the invention mainly proposes a reducer for a crane, which is mainly used in the crane to increase the speed change level of the reducer, improve the adaptability of the reducer, and make the crane use a wider range of working conditions.
  • the reducer for a crane includes:
  • a power input shaft one end of the power input main shaft is connected to the drive device;
  • the driving gear 100 is arranged on the power input shaft;
  • first driven gear 210 the first driven gear 210 is disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
  • first reduction gear 610 the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear 610 is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear 210;
  • the second driven gear 220 is disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
  • the second reduction gear 620 the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear 620 is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear 220;
  • a transmission device which cooperates with the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620 to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft 720 of the reducer;
  • Intermediate gear 300 the intermediate gear 300 is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, the intermediate gear 300 has a first station and a second station, in the first station, the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously connected with the driving gear 100 and The first driven gear 210 meshes to drive the first driven gear 210 to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220 at the same time to drive the second driven gear 220 turn;
  • the drive device includes a drive motor 510 and a drive mechanism, the output shaft of the drive motor 510 is connected with one end of the intermediate shaft 560 of the intermediate gear 300 through the first clutch device 510, and the other end of the intermediate shaft 560 through the second clutch device 520 connect the drive mechanism;
  • the main control circuit is electrically connected to the driving device and the first clutch device 510, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
  • the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate;
  • the driving gear 100 is disposed on the power input shaft, and rotates with the rotation of the power input shaft.
  • One end of the power input shaft is connected to a driving device, and the driving device can be an electric motor or a thermal combustion engine.
  • the work of the reducer varies with the position of the intermediate gear 300, and the reduction ratio of its output is also different.
  • the transmission device and the driving device can be in many forms. An example will be given below.
  • the driving mechanism includes a driving gear ring 910 and a driving gear 930.
  • the driving gear ring 910 is fixedly arranged in the casing.
  • the wall has gear teeth; the driving gear 930 meshes with the driving gear ring 910 , and the driving shaft of the driving gear 930 is connected with the intermediate shaft 560 through the second clutch device 520 .
  • the driving shaft and the intermediate rotating shaft 560 can be connected or separated through the second clutch device 520.
  • the driving gear 930 rotates with the intermediate rotating shaft 560. Under the meshing of the driving gear 930 and the driving gear ring 910, the driving gear 930 drives along the driving gear 930.
  • the circumferential movement of the ring gear 910 realizes the circumferential movement of the intermediate gear 300 along the driving ring gear 910 .
  • the driving shaft and the intermediate shaft 560 are separated, so that the driving shaft and the intermediate shaft 560 can move together, but do not rotate on the same axis.
  • the transmission device is movably connected with the drive shaft, so that the transmission device moves with the movement of the intermediate gear 300; the transmission device has a first transmission station and a second transmission station, and under the first transmission station, The transmission device transmits the drive of the first driven gear 210 to the power output shaft 720 ; in the second transmission station, the transmission device transmits the drive of the second driven gear 220 to the power output shaft 720 .
  • the transmission device is connected with the driving shaft through a bearing or other movably connected structure, so that the transmission device moves along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 with the driving gear 930 and does not rotate with the rotation of the driving gear 930 . In this way, the transmission device can be a first transmission station corresponding to the first station of the intermediate gear 300 and a second transmission station corresponding to the second station of the intermediate gear 300 .
  • the transmission device includes a connection frame 820, a transmission gear 810, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear 810 and the connection frame 820.
  • the connection frame 820 is movably connected with the intermediate shaft 560; the power output shaft 720 is provided with a power output gear 710,
  • the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the first reduction gear 610 at the same time, and in the second transmission station, the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the second reduction gear 620 at the same time.
  • the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the first reduction gear 610 at the same time;
  • the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the second reduction gear 620 at the same time.
  • the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210 at the same time, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the first driven gear 210 through the intermediate gear 300 .
  • the first driven gear 210 drives the first reduction gear 610 to rotate through the first driven rotation shaft and the connected first reduction rotation shaft.
  • the first reduction gear 610 transmits the drive to the power take-off gear 710 through the transmission device, and outputs the drive to the reducer through the power take-off shaft 720 .
  • the first reduction gear 610 meshes with the transmission gear 810 , and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the first reduction gear 610 to the power output gear 710 and outputs the power through the power output shaft 720 .
  • the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220 at the same time, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the second driven gear 220 through the intermediate gear 300 .
  • the second driven gear 220 drives the second reduction gear 620 to rotate through the second driven rotation shaft and the second reduction rotation shaft.
  • the second reduction gear 620 transmits the drive to the power take-off gear 710 through the transmission device, and outputs the drive to the reducer through the power take-off shaft 720 .
  • the second reduction gear 620 meshes with the transmission gear 810 , and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the second reduction gear 620 to the power output gear 710 and outputs the power through the power output shaft 720 .
  • the intermediate gear 300 may also have a third station, or even a fourth station, respectively corresponding to reduction transmission mechanisms with different reduction ratios. As shown in FIG. 3 , there are two third stations, and a third driven gear 230 is provided.
  • the intermediate gear 300 can be switched between the first station and the second station.
  • the following describes the process of position switching by taking the intermediate gear 300 switching from the first station to the second station as an example.
  • both the first clutch device 510 and the second clutch device 520 are disconnected.
  • the intermediate gear 300 is connected with the drive motor 510 and the drive gear 930 for movement, that is, at this time,
  • the rotations of the output shaft of the driving motor 510, the intermediate rotating shaft 560 and the driving rotating shaft are independent of each other.
  • the main control circuit receives the position switching command, it first stops the rotation of the power input shaft, and then switches the first clutch device 510 and the second clutch device 520 to the connected state.
  • the output shaft of the drive motor 510 and the intermediate rotating shaft 560 And the driving shafts are connected in sequence, and the three rotate synchronously. Among them, it is explained that, in this way, the power of the driving motor 510 can be directly transmitted to the driving gear 930, which simplifies the transmission process.
  • the driving gear 930 is disposed inside the driving gear ring 910 , and the driving gear 930 is engaged with the gear teeth inside the driving gear ring 910 .
  • the rotation of the drive shaft causes the drive gear 930 to move along the circumferential direction of the drive gear ring 910, so that the intermediate shaft 560 and the drive motor 510 that rotate coaxially with the drive shaft, and the transmission device movably connected to the drive shaft all move along the drive teeth Circumferential movement of the ring 910 .
  • the driving gear ring 910 is fixedly connected to the chassis through the frame.
  • the crane reducer further includes a frame, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring 910 is detachably installed on the frame. superior.
  • the drive motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission device, etc. can all have guide rails connected to the frame, so as to ensure that the drive motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission device, etc., which move with the drive gear 930, can move stably. .
  • the current position of the intermediate gear 300 needs to be accurately detected and confirmed. If the current position can satisfy the intermediate gear 300 to transmit the power of the driving gear 100 to the second driven gear 220, That is to say, the intermediate gear 300 can stably guarantee the transmission ratio, which means that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is sufficient; The current position of the 300 is not accurate enough and requires further adjustment.
  • the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate; after the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, the driving motor 510 rotates At this time, only the intermediate rotating shaft 560 rotates, and the driving gear 930 does not rotate. At this time, the position of the intermediate gear 300 can be maintained. If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 conforms to the preset driving parameters, the first clutch device 510 is disconnected. That is, when it is determined that the position of the intermediate gear 300 is relatively accurate and the driving is sufficiently stable and accurate, the first clutch device 510 is disconnected, and the intermediate gear 300 can rotate independently at this time.
  • the intermediate gear 300 may transmit the drive to the second driven gear 220 . If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 does not meet the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device 520 is reconnected, the drive motor 510 drives the drive gear 930 to work, and the position of the intermediate gear 300 is adjusted. Specifically, after it is determined that the intermediate gear 300 moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the step of driving the motor 510 to drive the intermediate gear 300 for trial rotation further includes: determining the intermediate gear 300 When the trial rotation of the gear 300 exceeds the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device 520 is connected, and the driving mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear 300 .
  • a position sensor, a light sensor, a touch switch, etc. can be used.
  • a pressure sensor is set on the driving gear ring 910 as an example.
  • the driving gear ring 910 is stationary compared to the chassis, and a pressure sensor is arranged on its gear teeth.
  • the driving gear 930 moves to a preset position, the driving gear 930 squeezes the gear teeth on the driving gear ring 910, giving the pressure sensor a pressure.
  • the pressure causes the main control circuit to obtain the position of the driving gear 930 to determine the position of the intermediate gear 300 .
  • the driving gear ring 910 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit.
  • the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear 300 is in the first working state according to the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor. position or second station.
  • the drive motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate, and first obtains the preset number of turns driven by the drive motor 510 to drive the intermediate gear 300; 2 turns, 5 turns, etc.), or 0.1 turns, 0.2 turns, 0.5 turns, 2.3 turns, etc.; and then according to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220, obtain the first A theoretical number of revolutions of the driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220; then, obtain the actual number of revolutions of the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220 meshing with the intermediate gear 300; determine the theoretical circle If the number and the actual number of turns are the same, it means that the preset drive parameters are met.
  • the preset number of turns of the intermediate gear 300 is 5, and the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the second driven gear 220 is 5:3, then, at this time, the theoretical number of turns of the second driven gear 220 If it is detected that the actual number of turns of the second driven gear 220 is 3 turns, it means that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, and the first clutch device 510 can be disconnected.
  • the first driven shaft and the first deceleration shaft are connected through the third clutch device 260. Before the trial rotation, the third clutch device 260 is disconnected, so that the first driven The gear 210 and the first reduction gear 610 can rotate independently.
  • the second driven shaft and the second reduction shaft are connected through the fourth clutch device 270. Before the trial rotation, the fourth clutch device 270 is disconnected, so that the second driven gear 220 and the second reduction gear 620 can rotate independently .
  • the step further includes: obtaining the theoretical circle of the driving gear 100 according to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the driving gear 100 obtain the actual number of turns rotated by the driving gear 100 ; determine that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnect the first clutch device 510 . That is to say, at this time, the theoretical number of revolutions of the driving gear 100 and the number of time revolutions need to correspond, and the theoretical number of revolutions of the second driven gear 220 is the same as the actual number of revolutions, so that the position of the intermediate gear 300 is determined to meet the requirements.
  • the transmission gear 810 rotates with the intermediate gear 300 at the same time. Since the transmission gear 810 and the intermediate gear 300 revolve synchronously (moving along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 ), when the position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, the transmission The position of the gear 810 should also be accurate. Of course, in some embodiments, the actual and theoretical rotations of the power output gear 710 can also be calculated and compared by calculating and comparing the actual and theoretical rotations of the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620. Count to finally determine whether the position of the transmission gear 810 is accurate.
  • the transmission shaft of the transmission gear 810 and the connecting frame 820 may be connected through the fifth clutch device 830 , so that the movement of the transmission gear 810 (connection with the fifth clutch device 830 ) and free rotation are facilitated (The fifth clutch device 830 is disengaged).
  • the present invention also proposes a crane, which includes a reducer for a crane.
  • the specific structure of the reducer for a crane refers to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the crane adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least the above-mentioned embodiments. All the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution will not be repeated here.

Abstract

A speed reducer for a crane and a crane. The speed reducer for a crane comprises: a power input shaft, a driving gear (100), a first driven gear (210), a first speed reduction gear (610), a second driven gear (220), a second speed reduction gear (620), a transmission device, an intermediate gear (300), a drive device, and a main control circuit; the main control circuit is electrically connected to the drive device and a first clutch device (520), and receives and responds to an input position switching command; the first clutch device (520) and a second clutch device (550) are controlled to be connected to a drive output shaft, an intermediate shaft (560), and a drive mechanism according to the position switching command so that the intermediate gear (300) moves to a first station or a second station; after it is determined that the intermediate gear (300) moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device (550) is disconnected, and a drive motor (510) drives the intermediate gear (300) to try to rotate; it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear (300) meets a preset drive parameter, and the first clutch device (520) is disconnected. The speed reducer for a crane facilitates improvement of the adaptability of the speed reducer.

Description

起重机用减速机和起重机Reducers and hoists for cranes 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及起重机技术领域，特别涉及一种起重机用减速机和起重机。The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a reducer for a crane and a crane.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会和经济的发展，对工程机械的要求越来越高。现有的起重机减速机，由于结构设置不合理，使得其可变速的范围较小，不能满足起重机在工作中的多种需求。With the development of society and economy, the requirements for construction machinery are getting higher and higher. The existing crane reducer has a small variable speed range due to unreasonable structural settings, and cannot meet various demands of the crane in operation.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的主要目的是提供一种起重机用减速机，旨在提高减速机的适应性，提高起重机变速的多样性和灵活性。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reducer for a crane, which aims to improve the adaptability of the reducer and increase the variety and flexibility of the speed change of the crane.
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的起重机用减速机，包括：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the reducer for a crane proposed by the present invention includes:
动力输入轴，所述动力输入主轴的一端供驱动设备连接；a power input shaft, one end of the power input main shaft is connected to the drive device;
主动齿轮，所述主动齿轮设置于所述动力输入轴上；a driving gear, the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
第一从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a first driven gear, the first driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
第一减速齿轮，所述第一减速齿轮的第一减速转轴和第一从动齿轮的第一从动转轴连接；a first reduction gear, the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear;
第二从动齿轮，所述第二从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a second driven gear, the second driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
第二减速齿轮，所述第二减速齿轮的第二减速转轴和第二从动齿轮的第二从动转轴连接；a second reduction gear, the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear;
传动装置，所述传动装置与第一减速齿轮或者第二减速齿轮配合，将动力输入轴所输入的驱动传递至减速机的动力输出轴；a transmission device, which cooperates with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the reducer;
中间齿轮，所述中间齿轮可活动的设置于减速机的机箱内，中间齿轮具有第一工位和第二工位，在第一工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第一从动齿轮转动；在第二工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第二从动齿轮转动；Intermediate gear, the intermediate gear is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, and the intermediate gear has a first station and a second station. Under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously connected with the driving gear and the first driven gear. meshing to drive the first driven gear to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the second driven gear at the same time to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括驱动电机和驱动机构，驱动电机的输出轴与中间齿轮的中间转轴的一端通过第一离合装置连接，中间转轴的另一端通过第二离合装置连接驱动机构；a driving device, the driving device includes a driving motor and a driving mechanism, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the intermediate rotating shaft of the intermediate gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
主控电路，所述主控电路与所述驱动装置和第一离合装置电连接，接收并响应输入的位置切换指令；a main control circuit, the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
根据位置切换指令控制第一离合装置和第二离合装置连接驱动输出轴、中间转轴和驱动机构以使中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位；Control the first clutch device and the second clutch device to connect the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching command to move the intermediate gear to the first station or the second station;
确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机驱动中间齿轮试转动；After it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to try to rotate;
确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to the preset driving parameters, and the first clutch device is disconnected.
可选地，在确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机驱动中间齿轮试转动的步骤之后还包括：Optionally, after it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the step of driving the motor to drive the intermediate gear to try to rotate further includes:
确定中间齿轮的试转动超出预设的驱动参数，连接第二离合装置，驱动机构调节中间齿轮的位置。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear exceeds the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device is connected, and the driving mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear.
可选地，所述驱动机构包括驱动齿环以及驱动齿轮，所述驱动齿环固定设置在机箱内，所述驱动齿环的侧壁具有轮齿；驱动齿轮与驱动齿环啮合，所述驱动齿轮的驱动转轴通过第二装置与所述中间转轴连接。Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a drive gear ring and a drive gear, the drive gear ring is fixedly arranged in the casing, and the side wall of the drive gear ring has gear teeth; the drive gear meshes with the drive gear ring, and the drive gear The drive shaft of the gear is connected to the intermediate shaft through a second device.
可选地，所述传动装置包括连接架、传动齿轮以及连接传动齿轮和连接架的传动轴，连接架与中间转轴活动连接；Optionally, the transmission device includes a connection frame, a transmission gear, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connection frame, and the connection frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
动力输出轴上设置有动力输出齿轮，在第一传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第一减速齿轮啮合，在第二传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第二减速齿轮啮合。The power output shaft is provided with a power output gear. Under the first transmission station, the transmission gear meshes with the power output gear and the first reduction gear at the same time. Under the second transmission station, the transmission gear simultaneously engages with the power output gear and the second reduction gear. The reduction gear meshes.
可选地，所述传动装置包括连接架、传动齿轮以及连接传动齿轮和连接架的传动轴，连接架与中间转轴活动连接；Optionally, the transmission device includes a connection frame, a transmission gear, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connection frame, and the connection frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
动力输出轴上设置有动力输出齿轮，在第一传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第一从动齿轮啮合，在第二传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合。The power output shaft is provided with a power output gear. Under the first transmission station, the transmission gear meshes with the power output gear and the first driven gear at the same time. Under the second transmission station, the transmission gear simultaneously meshes with the power output gear and the first driven gear. The two driven gears mesh.
可选地，所述驱动齿环上设置有压力传感器，所述压力传感器与所述主控电路电连接，所述主控电路根据压力传感器所采集的压力值，确定中间齿轮处于第一工位或者第二工位。Optionally, a pressure sensor is provided on the driving gear ring, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear is in the first station according to the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor. or second station.
可选地，所述起重机减速机还包括机架，所述机架与机箱的侧壁固定连接，驱动齿环可拆卸的安装于机架上。Optionally, the crane reducer further includes a frame, the frame is fixedly connected with the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring is detachably installed on the frame.
可选地，所述确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置的步骤包括：Optionally, the step of determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to a preset driving parameter, and the step of disconnecting the first clutch device includes:
驱动电机驱动中间齿轮转动预设圈数；The drive motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate the preset number of turns;
根据中间齿轮与第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮的传动比，获取第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮转动的理论圈数；According to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear and the first driven gear or the second driven gear, obtain the theoretical number of revolutions of the first driven gear or the second driven gear;
获取与中间齿轮啮合的第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮所转动的实际圈数；Obtain the actual number of turns rotated by the first driven gear or the second driven gear meshed with the intermediate gear;
确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，断开第一离合装置。Make sure that the theoretical number of turns and the actual number of turns are the same, and disconnect the first clutch device.
可选地，在断开第一离合装置的步骤之前还包括：Optionally, before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device, the method further includes:
根据中间齿轮与主动齿轮的传动比，获取主动齿轮的理论圈数；According to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear and the driving gear, obtain the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear;
获取主动齿轮所转动的实际圈数；Get the actual number of turns the driving gear rotates;
确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，断开第一离合装置。Make sure that the theoretical number of turns and the actual number of turns are the same, and disconnect the first clutch device.
本发明还提出一种起重机，包括起重机用减速机，该减速机包括动力输入轴，所述动力输入主轴的一端供驱动设备连接；The present invention also provides a crane, which includes a reducer for the crane, the reducer includes a power input shaft, and one end of the power input main shaft is connected to a driving device;
主动齿轮，所述主动齿轮设置于所述动力输入轴上；a driving gear, the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
第一从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a first driven gear, the first driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
第一减速齿轮，所述第一减速齿轮的第一减速转轴和第一从动齿轮的第一从动转轴连接；a first reduction gear, the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear;
第二从动齿轮，所述第二从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a second driven gear, the second driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
第二减速齿轮，所述第二减速齿轮的第二减速转轴和第二从动齿轮的第二从动转轴连接；a second reduction gear, the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear;
传动装置，所述传动装置与第一减速齿轮或者第二减速齿轮配合，将动力输入轴所输入的驱动传递至减速机的动力输出轴；a transmission device, which cooperates with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the reducer;
中间齿轮，所述中间齿轮可活动的设置于减速机的机箱内，中间齿轮具有第一工位和第二工位，在第一工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第一从动齿轮转动；在第二工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第二从动齿轮转动；Intermediate gear, the intermediate gear is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, and the intermediate gear has a first station and a second station. Under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously connected with the driving gear and the first driven gear. meshing to drive the first driven gear to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the second driven gear at the same time to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括驱动电机和驱动机构，驱动电机的输出轴与中间齿轮的中间转轴的一端通过第一离合装置连接，中间转轴的另一端通过第二离合装置连接驱动机构；a driving device, the driving device includes a driving motor and a driving mechanism, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the intermediate rotating shaft of the intermediate gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
主控电路，所述主控电路与所述驱动装置和第一离合装置电连接，接收并响应输入的位置切换指令；a main control circuit, the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
根据位置切换指令控制第一离合装置和第二离合装置连接驱动输出轴、中间转轴和驱动机构以使中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位；Control the first clutch device and the second clutch device to connect the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching command to move the intermediate gear to the first station or the second station;
确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机驱动中间齿轮试转动；After it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to try to rotate;
确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to the preset driving parameters, and the first clutch device is disconnected.
本发明技术方案通过主控电路首先根据位置切换指令控制第一离合装置和第二离合装置连接驱动输出轴、中间转轴和驱动机构以使中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位；再确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机驱动中间齿轮试转动；然后确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置，使得中间齿轮可以准确的在第一工位和第二工位之间切换，从而使得减速机可以具有更多的减速级数，提高了减速机的适应性，使得起重器可以应对更多更复杂的工况，有利于满足不同工况的需求。The technical scheme of the present invention firstly controls the first clutch device and the second clutch device to connect the drive output shaft, the intermediate shaft and the drive mechanism according to the position switching command through the main control circuit, so that the intermediate gear moves to the first station or the second station; After confirming that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, disconnect the second clutch device, and drive the motor to drive the intermediate gear for trial rotation; Open the first clutch device, so that the intermediate gear can be accurately switched between the first station and the second station, so that the reducer can have more reduction stages, improve the adaptability of the reducer, and make the lifting The device can cope with more and more complex working conditions, which is beneficial to meet the needs of different working conditions.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本发明起重机用减速机一实施例的工作原理示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of a reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
图2为本发明起重机用减速机另一实施例的工作原理示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
图3为本发明起重机用减速机又一实施例的工作原理示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
图4为本发明起重机用减速机再一实施例的工作原理示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of still another embodiment of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
图5为本发明起重机用减速机驱动齿轮和驱动齿环一实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the driving gear and the driving gear ring of the reducer for a crane according to the present invention.
附图标号说明：Description of reference numbers:
标号label 名称 name 标号label 名称name
100100 主动齿轮 drive gear 210210 第一从动齿轮first driven gear
220220 第二从动齿轮second driven gear 300300 中间齿轮 Intermediate gear
260260 第三离合装置third clutch 270270 第四离合装置Fourth clutch device
510510 驱动电机 motor 520520 第一离合装置first clutch
530530 驱动齿轮 drive gear 550550 第二离合装置second clutch device
560560 中间转轴 Intermediate shaft 610610 第一减速齿轮 first reduction gear
620620 第二减速齿轮 second reduction gear 710710 动力输出齿轮power take-off gear
720720 动力输出轴 PTO 810810 传动齿轮 Transmission gear
820820 连接架 connection frame 830830 第五离合装置Fifth clutch device
230230 第三从动齿轮third driven gear 910910 驱动齿环 drive ring
930930 驱动转轴drive shaft      
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relationship between various components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). The relative positional relationship, the movement situation, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.
另外，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中的“和/或”包括三个方案，以A和/或B为例，包括A技术方案、B技术方案，以及A和B同时满足的技术方案；另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。In addition, descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In addition, "and/or" in the full text includes three solutions, taking A and/or B as an example, including the technical solution of A, the technical solution of B, and the technical solution that A and B satisfy at the same time; in addition, between the various embodiments The technical solutions can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it required by the present invention. within the scope of protection.
本发明主要提出一种起重机用减速机，主要应用于起重机中，以增加减速机的变速层级，提高减速机的适应性，使得起重机使用更广的工况需求。The invention mainly proposes a reducer for a crane, which is mainly used in the crane to increase the speed change level of the reducer, improve the adaptability of the reducer, and make the crane use a wider range of working conditions.
以下将主要描述起重机用减速机的具体结构。The specific structure of the reduction gear for a crane will be mainly described below.
参照图1至图5，在本发明实施例中，该起重机用减速机包括：1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reducer for a crane includes:
动力输入轴，所述动力输入主轴的一端供驱动设备连接；a power input shaft, one end of the power input main shaft is connected to the drive device;
主动齿轮100，所述主动齿轮100设置于所述动力输入轴上；a driving gear 100, the driving gear 100 is arranged on the power input shaft;
第一从动齿轮210，所述第一从动齿轮210临近所述主动齿轮100设置；a first driven gear 210, the first driven gear 210 is disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
第一减速齿轮610，所述第一减速齿轮610的第一减速转轴和第一从动齿轮210的第一从动转轴连接；a first reduction gear 610, the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear 610 is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear 210;
第二从动齿轮220，所述第二从动齿轮220临近所述主动齿轮100设置；a second driven gear 220, the second driven gear 220 is disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
第二减速齿轮620，所述第二减速齿轮620的第二减速转轴和第二从动齿轮220的第二从动转轴连接；the second reduction gear 620, the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear 620 is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear 220;
传动装置，所述传动装置与第一减速齿轮610或者第二减速齿轮620配合，将动力输入轴所输入的驱动传递至减速机的动力输出轴720；a transmission device, which cooperates with the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620 to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft 720 of the reducer;
中间齿轮300，所述中间齿轮300可活动的设置于减速机的机箱内，中间齿轮300具有第一工位和第二工位，在第一工位下，中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第一从动齿轮210啮合，以驱动第一从动齿轮210转动；在第二工位下，中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第二从动齿轮220啮合，以驱动第二从动齿轮220转动； Intermediate gear 300, the intermediate gear 300 is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, the intermediate gear 300 has a first station and a second station, in the first station, the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously connected with the driving gear 100 and The first driven gear 210 meshes to drive the first driven gear 210 to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220 at the same time to drive the second driven gear 220 turn;
驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括驱动电机510和驱动机构，驱动电机510的输出轴与中间齿轮300的中间转轴560的一端通过第一离合装置510连接，中间转轴560的另一端通过第二离合装置520连接驱动机构；The drive device includes a drive motor 510 and a drive mechanism, the output shaft of the drive motor 510 is connected with one end of the intermediate shaft 560 of the intermediate gear 300 through the first clutch device 510, and the other end of the intermediate shaft 560 through the second clutch device 520 connect the drive mechanism;
主控电路，所述主控电路与所述驱动装置和第一离合装置510电连接，接收并响应输入的位置切换指令；a main control circuit, the main control circuit is electrically connected to the driving device and the first clutch device 510, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
根据位置切换指令控制第一离合装置510和第二离合装置520连接驱动输出轴、中间转轴560和驱动机构以使中间齿轮300移动至第一工位或者第二工位；Controlling the first clutch device 510 and the second clutch device 520 to connect the drive output shaft, the intermediate shaft 560 and the drive mechanism according to the position switching command to move the intermediate gear 300 to the first station or the second station;
确定中间齿轮300移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置520，驱动电机510驱动中间齿轮300试转动；After it is determined that the intermediate gear 300 moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate;
确定中间齿轮300的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置510。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 conforms to the preset driving parameters, and the first clutch device 510 is disconnected.
具体地，本实施例中，主动齿轮100设置在动力输入轴上，随着动力输入轴的转动而转动。动力输入轴的一端供驱动设备连接，驱动设备可以为电机，或者热燃机。减速机的工作随着中间齿轮300的工位不同而不同，其输出的减速比也有所不同。Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving gear 100 is disposed on the power input shaft, and rotates with the rotation of the power input shaft. One end of the power input shaft is connected to a driving device, and the driving device can be an electric motor or a thermal combustion engine. The work of the reducer varies with the position of the intermediate gear 300, and the reduction ratio of its output is also different.
传动装置和驱动装置的形式可以有很多，下面举例进行说明，所述驱动机构包括驱动齿环910以及驱动齿轮930，所述驱动齿环910固定设置在机箱内，所述驱动齿环910的侧壁具有轮齿；驱动齿轮930与驱动齿环910啮合，所述驱动齿轮930的驱动转轴通过第二离合装置520与所述中间转轴560连接。驱动转轴和中间转轴560可以通过第二离合装置520连接或者分离，在连接状态下，驱动齿轮930随中间转轴560的转动，在驱动齿轮930和驱动齿环910的啮合下，驱动齿轮930沿驱动齿环910的周向移动，如此，实现中间齿轮300沿驱动齿环910的周向移动。在第二离合装置520分离状态下，驱动转轴和中间转轴560分离，使得驱动转轴和中间转轴560可以共同移动，但是不同轴转动。The transmission device and the driving device can be in many forms. An example will be given below. The driving mechanism includes a driving gear ring 910 and a driving gear 930. The driving gear ring 910 is fixedly arranged in the casing. The wall has gear teeth; the driving gear 930 meshes with the driving gear ring 910 , and the driving shaft of the driving gear 930 is connected with the intermediate shaft 560 through the second clutch device 520 . The driving shaft and the intermediate rotating shaft 560 can be connected or separated through the second clutch device 520. In the connected state, the driving gear 930 rotates with the intermediate rotating shaft 560. Under the meshing of the driving gear 930 and the driving gear ring 910, the driving gear 930 drives along the driving gear 930. The circumferential movement of the ring gear 910 , in this way, realizes the circumferential movement of the intermediate gear 300 along the driving ring gear 910 . In the disengaged state of the second clutch device 520, the driving shaft and the intermediate shaft 560 are separated, so that the driving shaft and the intermediate shaft 560 can move together, but do not rotate on the same axis.
所述传动装置与所述驱动转轴活动连接，以使传动装置随中间齿轮300的移动而移动；所述传动装置具有第一传动工位和第二传动工位，在第一传动工位下，所述传动装置将第一从动齿轮210的驱动传递给动力输出轴720；在第二传动工位下，所述传动装置将第二从动齿轮220的驱动传递给动力输出轴720。传动装置与驱动转轴通过轴承或者其它活动连接的结构连接，使得传动装置随驱动齿轮930沿驱动齿环910的周向移动，而不随驱动齿轮930的自转而转动。如此，使得传动装置可以与中间齿轮300的第一工位对应的第一传动工位，与中间齿轮300的第二工位对应的第二传动工位。The transmission device is movably connected with the drive shaft, so that the transmission device moves with the movement of the intermediate gear 300; the transmission device has a first transmission station and a second transmission station, and under the first transmission station, The transmission device transmits the drive of the first driven gear 210 to the power output shaft 720 ; in the second transmission station, the transmission device transmits the drive of the second driven gear 220 to the power output shaft 720 . The transmission device is connected with the driving shaft through a bearing or other movably connected structure, so that the transmission device moves along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 with the driving gear 930 and does not rotate with the rotation of the driving gear 930 . In this way, the transmission device can be a first transmission station corresponding to the first station of the intermediate gear 300 and a second transmission station corresponding to the second station of the intermediate gear 300 .
具体地，所述传动装置包括连接架820、传动齿轮810以及连接传动齿轮810和连接架820的传动轴，连接架820与中间转轴560活动连接；动力输出轴720上设置有动力输出齿轮710，在第一传动工位下，传动齿轮810同时与动力输出齿轮710和第一减速齿轮610啮合，在第二传动工位下，传动齿轮810同时与动力输出齿轮710和第二减速齿轮620啮合。也即，当中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第一从动齿轮210啮合时，传动齿轮810同时与动力输出齿轮710和第一减速齿轮610啮合；当中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第二从动齿轮220啮合时，传动齿轮810同时与动力输出齿轮710和第二减速齿轮620啮合。Specifically, the transmission device includes a connection frame 820, a transmission gear 810, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear 810 and the connection frame 820. The connection frame 820 is movably connected with the intermediate shaft 560; the power output shaft 720 is provided with a power output gear 710, In the first transmission station, the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the first reduction gear 610 at the same time, and in the second transmission station, the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the second reduction gear 620 at the same time. That is, when the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210 at the same time, the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the first reduction gear 610 at the same time; When the two driven gears 220 mesh, the transmission gear 810 meshes with the power output gear 710 and the second reduction gear 620 at the same time.
下面具体进行说明：The specific description is as follows:
当中间齿轮300位于第一工位时，中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第一从动齿轮210啮合，通过中间齿轮300将主动齿轮100的驱动传递至第一从动齿轮210。第一从动齿轮210通过第一从动转轴和连接的第一减速转轴驱动第一减速齿轮610转动。第一减速齿轮610通过传动装置将驱动传递至动力输出齿轮710，并通过动力输出轴720将驱动输出减速机。其中，第一减速齿轮610与传动齿轮810啮合，传动齿轮810将第一减速齿轮610的动力传递至动力输出齿轮710，并通过动力输出轴720输出。When the intermediate gear 300 is located at the first station, the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210 at the same time, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the first driven gear 210 through the intermediate gear 300 . The first driven gear 210 drives the first reduction gear 610 to rotate through the first driven rotation shaft and the connected first reduction rotation shaft. The first reduction gear 610 transmits the drive to the power take-off gear 710 through the transmission device, and outputs the drive to the reducer through the power take-off shaft 720 . The first reduction gear 610 meshes with the transmission gear 810 , and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the first reduction gear 610 to the power output gear 710 and outputs the power through the power output shaft 720 .
当中间齿轮300位于第二工位时，中间齿轮300同时与主动齿轮100和第二从动齿轮220啮合，通过中间齿轮300将主动齿轮100的驱动传递至第二从动齿轮220。第二从动齿轮220通过第二从动转轴和第二减速转轴驱动第二减速齿轮620转动。第二减速齿轮620通过传动装置将驱动传递至动力输出齿轮710，并通过动力输出轴720将驱动输出减速机。其中，第二减速齿轮620与传动齿轮810啮合，传动齿轮810将第二减速齿轮620的动力传递至动力输出齿轮710，并通过动力输出轴720输出。When the intermediate gear 300 is located at the second station, the intermediate gear 300 meshes with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220 at the same time, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the second driven gear 220 through the intermediate gear 300 . The second driven gear 220 drives the second reduction gear 620 to rotate through the second driven rotation shaft and the second reduction rotation shaft. The second reduction gear 620 transmits the drive to the power take-off gear 710 through the transmission device, and outputs the drive to the reducer through the power take-off shaft 720 . The second reduction gear 620 meshes with the transmission gear 810 , and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the second reduction gear 620 to the power output gear 710 and outputs the power through the power output shaft 720 .
值得说明的是，中间齿轮300还可以具有第三工位，甚至第四工位，分别对应不同减速比的减速传递机构。如图3，为具有两个第三工位，设置有第三从动齿轮230的情况。It is worth noting that the intermediate gear 300 may also have a third station, or even a fourth station, respectively corresponding to reduction transmission mechanisms with different reduction ratios. As shown in FIG. 3 , there are two third stations, and a third driven gear 230 is provided.
中间齿轮300可以在第一工位和第二工位之间切换，下面以中间齿轮300从第一工位切换至第二工位为例，对位置切换的过程进行说明。The intermediate gear 300 can be switched between the first station and the second station. The following describes the process of position switching by taking the intermediate gear 300 switching from the first station to the second station as an example.
中间齿轮300在第一工位工作时，第一离合装置510和第二离合装置520 均断开，此时的中间齿轮300与驱动电机510和驱动齿轮930为移动连接，也即，此时，驱动电机510的输出轴、中间转轴560以及驱动转轴之间的转动相互独立。在主控电路接收到位置切换指令后，先停止动力输入轴的转动，再将第一离合装置510和第二离合装置520切换至连接状态，此时，驱动电机510的输出轴、中间转轴560以及驱动转轴之间依次连接，三者同步转动。其中，使得说明的是，如此可以将驱动电机510的动力直接的传递至驱动齿轮930，简化了传递的过程。When the intermediate gear 300 is working at the first station, both the first clutch device 510 and the second clutch device 520 are disconnected. At this time, the intermediate gear 300 is connected with the drive motor 510 and the drive gear 930 for movement, that is, at this time, The rotations of the output shaft of the driving motor 510, the intermediate rotating shaft 560 and the driving rotating shaft are independent of each other. After the main control circuit receives the position switching command, it first stops the rotation of the power input shaft, and then switches the first clutch device 510 and the second clutch device 520 to the connected state. At this time, the output shaft of the drive motor 510 and the intermediate rotating shaft 560 And the driving shafts are connected in sequence, and the three rotate synchronously. Among them, it is explained that, in this way, the power of the driving motor 510 can be directly transmitted to the driving gear 930, which simplifies the transmission process.
驱动齿轮930设置在驱动齿环910的内部，驱动齿轮930与驱动齿环910内侧的轮齿啮合。驱动转轴的转动使得驱动齿轮930沿着驱动齿环910的周向移动，从而使得与驱动转轴同轴转动的中间转轴560和驱动电机510，以及与驱动轴活动连接的传动装置均沿着驱动齿环910的周向移动。其中，驱动齿环910通过机架与机箱固定连接，具体地，所述起重机减速机还包括机架，所述机架与机箱的侧壁固定连接，驱动齿环910可拆卸的安装于机架上。当然，驱动电机510、中间齿轮300，以及传动装置等，均可以具有与机架连接的导轨，以确保随驱动齿轮930一起移动的驱动电机510、中间齿轮300和传动装置等，可以稳定的移动。The driving gear 930 is disposed inside the driving gear ring 910 , and the driving gear 930 is engaged with the gear teeth inside the driving gear ring 910 . The rotation of the drive shaft causes the drive gear 930 to move along the circumferential direction of the drive gear ring 910, so that the intermediate shaft 560 and the drive motor 510 that rotate coaxially with the drive shaft, and the transmission device movably connected to the drive shaft all move along the drive teeth Circumferential movement of the ring 910 . The driving gear ring 910 is fixedly connected to the chassis through the frame. Specifically, the crane reducer further includes a frame, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring 910 is detachably installed on the frame. superior. Of course, the drive motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission device, etc., can all have guide rails connected to the frame, so as to ensure that the drive motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission device, etc., which move with the drive gear 930, can move stably. .
当中间齿轮300移动至第二工位后，需要对中间齿轮300当前的位置进行精度检测和确认，若当前的位置可以满足中间齿轮300将主动齿轮100的动力传递至第二从动齿轮220，也即中间齿轮300可以稳定的保证传动比，则说明中间齿轮300当前的位置进度足够；若当前的位置不能满足中间齿轮300将主动轮的动力传递至第二从动齿轮220，则说明中间齿轮300当前的位置不够准确，需要进一步的调整。After the intermediate gear 300 moves to the second station, the current position of the intermediate gear 300 needs to be accurately detected and confirmed. If the current position can satisfy the intermediate gear 300 to transmit the power of the driving gear 100 to the second driven gear 220, That is to say, the intermediate gear 300 can stably guarantee the transmission ratio, which means that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is sufficient; The current position of the 300 is not accurate enough and requires further adjustment.
具体地，当确定中间齿轮300移动第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置520，驱动电机510驱动中间齿轮300试转动；端开第二离合装置520后，驱动电机510转动时，只有中间转轴560转动，驱动齿轮930不转动，此时，可以保持中间齿轮300的位置。如果确定中间齿轮300的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置510。也即，当确定中间齿轮300的位置比较准确，足够稳定准确的传递驱动时，断开第一离合装置510，此时的中间齿轮300可以独立转动。当主动齿轮100转动时，中间齿轮300可以将驱动传递给第二从动齿轮220。如果确定中间齿轮300的试转动不符合预设的驱动 参数，则重新连接第二离合装置520，驱动电机510驱动驱动齿轮930工作，对中间齿轮300的位置进行调整。具体地，在确定中间齿轮300移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置520，驱动电机510驱动中间齿轮300试转动的步骤之后还包括：确定中间齿轮300的试转动超出预设的驱动参数，连接第二离合装置520，驱动机构调节中间齿轮300的位置。Specifically, after determining the preset position where the intermediate gear 300 moves to the second station, the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate; after the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, the driving motor 510 rotates At this time, only the intermediate rotating shaft 560 rotates, and the driving gear 930 does not rotate. At this time, the position of the intermediate gear 300 can be maintained. If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 conforms to the preset driving parameters, the first clutch device 510 is disconnected. That is, when it is determined that the position of the intermediate gear 300 is relatively accurate and the driving is sufficiently stable and accurate, the first clutch device 510 is disconnected, and the intermediate gear 300 can rotate independently at this time. When the driving gear 100 rotates, the intermediate gear 300 may transmit the drive to the second driven gear 220 . If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 does not meet the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device 520 is reconnected, the drive motor 510 drives the drive gear 930 to work, and the position of the intermediate gear 300 is adjusted. Specifically, after it is determined that the intermediate gear 300 moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, and the step of driving the motor 510 to drive the intermediate gear 300 for trial rotation further includes: determining the intermediate gear 300 When the trial rotation of the gear 300 exceeds the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device 520 is connected, and the driving mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear 300 .
其中，对中间齿轮300进行初定位，确定位于第一工位或者第二工位的方式有很多。例如，可以通过位置传感器、光传感器、触碰开关等等，本实施例中，以在驱动齿环910上设置压力传感器为例。驱动齿环910相较于机箱静止，在其的轮齿上设置压力传感器，当驱动齿轮930移动到预设的位置时，驱动齿轮930挤压驱动齿环910上的轮齿，给压力传感器以压力，使得主控电路获取驱动齿轮930的位置，从而确定中间齿轮300的位置。具体地，所述驱动齿环910上设置有压力传感器，所述压力传感器与所述主控电路电连接，所述主控电路根据压力传感器所采集的压力值，确定中间齿轮300处于第一工位或者第二工位。Among them, there are many ways to initially locate the intermediate gear 300 and determine whether it is located at the first station or the second station. For example, a position sensor, a light sensor, a touch switch, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, a pressure sensor is set on the driving gear ring 910 as an example. The driving gear ring 910 is stationary compared to the chassis, and a pressure sensor is arranged on its gear teeth. When the driving gear 930 moves to a preset position, the driving gear 930 squeezes the gear teeth on the driving gear ring 910, giving the pressure sensor a pressure. The pressure causes the main control circuit to obtain the position of the driving gear 930 to determine the position of the intermediate gear 300 . Specifically, the driving gear ring 910 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit. The main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear 300 is in the first working state according to the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor. position or second station.
关于如何确定中间齿轮300的试转动是否符合预设的驱动参数，下面举例进行说明。在断开第二离合装置520后，驱动电机510驱动中间齿轮300试转动，首先获取驱动电机510驱动中间齿轮300转动预设圈数；预设的圈数，可以为整圈(如1圈、2圈、5圈等等)，也可以为0.1圈、0.2圈、0.5圈、2.3圈等；再根据中间齿轮300与第一从动齿轮210或者第二从动齿轮220的传动比，获取第一从动齿轮210或者第二从动齿轮220转动的理论圈数；然后，获取与中间齿轮300啮合的第一从动齿轮210或者第二从动齿轮220所转动的实际圈数；确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，则说明符合预设的驱动参数。举一个具体的例子，中间齿轮300的预设圈数为5，中间齿轮300与第二从动齿轮220的传动比为5:3，那么，此时，第二从动齿轮220的理论圈数为3圈，若检测到第二从动齿轮220的实际圈数为3圈，则说明中间齿轮300当前的位置准确，可以断开第一离合装置510。在一些实施例中，为了更好的进行试转动，第一从动转轴和第一减速转轴通过第三离合装置260连接，在试转动之前，断开第三离合装置260，使得第一从动齿轮210和第一减速齿轮610可以独立转动。同理，第二从动转轴和第二减速转轴通过第四离合装置270连接，在试转动之前，断开第四离合装置270，使得第二从动齿轮220和 第二减速齿轮620可以独立转动。As to how to determine whether the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 conforms to the preset driving parameters, an example will be described below. After the second clutch device 520 is disconnected, the drive motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate, and first obtains the preset number of turns driven by the drive motor 510 to drive the intermediate gear 300; 2 turns, 5 turns, etc.), or 0.1 turns, 0.2 turns, 0.5 turns, 2.3 turns, etc.; and then according to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220, obtain the first A theoretical number of revolutions of the driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220; then, obtain the actual number of revolutions of the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220 meshing with the intermediate gear 300; determine the theoretical circle If the number and the actual number of turns are the same, it means that the preset drive parameters are met. As a specific example, the preset number of turns of the intermediate gear 300 is 5, and the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the second driven gear 220 is 5:3, then, at this time, the theoretical number of turns of the second driven gear 220 If it is detected that the actual number of turns of the second driven gear 220 is 3 turns, it means that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, and the first clutch device 510 can be disconnected. In some embodiments, in order to better perform the trial rotation, the first driven shaft and the first deceleration shaft are connected through the third clutch device 260. Before the trial rotation, the third clutch device 260 is disconnected, so that the first driven The gear 210 and the first reduction gear 610 can rotate independently. Similarly, the second driven shaft and the second reduction shaft are connected through the fourth clutch device 270. Before the trial rotation, the fourth clutch device 270 is disconnected, so that the second driven gear 220 and the second reduction gear 620 can rotate independently .
当然，在一些实施例中，为了进一步的提高检测的准确性，在断开第一离合装置510的步骤之前还包括：根据中间齿轮300与主动齿轮100的传动比，获取主动齿轮100的理论圈数；获取主动齿轮100所转动的实际圈数；确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，断开第一离合装置510。也即，此时，需要主动齿轮100的理论圈数和时间圈数对应，第二从动齿轮220的理论圈数和实际圈数相同，才确定中间齿轮300的位置符合要求。Of course, in some embodiments, in order to further improve the detection accuracy, before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device 510 , the step further includes: obtaining the theoretical circle of the driving gear 100 according to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the driving gear 100 obtain the actual number of turns rotated by the driving gear 100 ; determine that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnect the first clutch device 510 . That is to say, at this time, the theoretical number of revolutions of the driving gear 100 and the number of time revolutions need to correspond, and the theoretical number of revolutions of the second driven gear 220 is the same as the actual number of revolutions, so that the position of the intermediate gear 300 is determined to meet the requirements.
值得说明的是，传动齿轮810随着中间齿轮300同时转动，由于传动齿轮810和中间齿轮300同步公转(沿驱动齿环910的周向移动)，在中间齿轮300的位置准确的情况下，传动齿轮810的位置，也应当准确。当然，在一些实施例中，也可以通过计算和比较第一减速齿轮610或者第二减速齿轮620转动的实际圈数和理论圈数，计算和比较动力输出齿轮710转动的实际圈数和理论圈数来最终确定传动齿轮810的位置是否准确。值得说明的是，在一些实施例中，传动齿轮810的传动转轴和连接架820可以通过第五离合装置830连接，如此，有利于传动齿轮810的移动(第五离合装置830连接)和自由转动(第五离合装置830断开)。It is worth noting that the transmission gear 810 rotates with the intermediate gear 300 at the same time. Since the transmission gear 810 and the intermediate gear 300 revolve synchronously (moving along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 ), when the position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, the transmission The position of the gear 810 should also be accurate. Of course, in some embodiments, the actual and theoretical rotations of the power output gear 710 can also be calculated and compared by calculating and comparing the actual and theoretical rotations of the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620. Count to finally determine whether the position of the transmission gear 810 is accurate. It is worth noting that, in some embodiments, the transmission shaft of the transmission gear 810 and the connecting frame 820 may be connected through the fifth clutch device 830 , so that the movement of the transmission gear 810 (connection with the fifth clutch device 830 ) and free rotation are facilitated (The fifth clutch device 830 is disengaged).
本发明还提出一种起重机，该起重机包括起重机用减速机，该起重机用减速机的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本起重机采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。The present invention also proposes a crane, which includes a reducer for a crane. The specific structure of the reducer for a crane refers to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the crane adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least the above-mentioned embodiments. All the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution will not be repeated here.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Under the inventive concept of the present invention, the equivalent structural transformations made by the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or the direct/indirect application Other related technical fields are included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种起重机用减速机，其特征在于，包括：A reducer for a crane, characterized in that it includes:
    动力输入轴，所述动力输入主轴的一端供驱动设备连接；a power input shaft, one end of the power input main shaft is connected to the drive device;
    主动齿轮，所述主动齿轮设置于所述动力输入轴上；a driving gear, the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
    第一从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a first driven gear, the first driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
    第一减速齿轮，所述第一减速齿轮的第一减速转轴和第一从动齿轮的第一从动转轴连接；a first reduction gear, the first reduction shaft of the first reduction gear is connected with the first driven shaft of the first driven gear;
    第二从动齿轮，所述第二从动齿轮临近所述主动齿轮设置；a second driven gear, the second driven gear is disposed adjacent to the driving gear;
    第二减速齿轮，所述第二减速齿轮的第二减速转轴和第二从动齿轮的第二从动转轴连接；a second reduction gear, the second reduction shaft of the second reduction gear is connected with the second driven shaft of the second driven gear;
    传动装置，所述传动装置与第一减速齿轮或者第二减速齿轮配合，将动力输入轴所输入的驱动传递至减速机的动力输出轴；a transmission device, which cooperates with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear to transmit the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the reducer;
    中间齿轮，所述中间齿轮可活动的设置于减速机的机箱内，中间齿轮具有第一工位和第二工位，在第一工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第一从动齿轮转动；在第二工位下，中间齿轮同时与主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合，以驱动第二从动齿轮转动；Intermediate gear, the intermediate gear is movably arranged in the casing of the reducer, and the intermediate gear has a first station and a second station. Under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously connected with the driving gear and the first driven gear. meshing to drive the first driven gear to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the second driven gear at the same time to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
    驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括驱动电机和驱动机构，驱动电机的输出轴与中间齿轮的中间转轴的一端通过第一离合装置连接，中间转轴的另一端通过第二离合装置连接驱动机构；a driving device, the driving device includes a driving motor and a driving mechanism, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of the intermediate rotating shaft of the intermediate gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
    主控电路，所述主控电路与所述驱动装置和第一离合装置电连接，接收并响应输入的位置切换指令；a main control circuit, the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to the input position switching command;
    根据位置切换指令控制第一离合装置和第二离合装置连接驱动输出轴、中间转轴和驱动机构以使中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位；Control the first clutch device and the second clutch device to connect the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching command to move the intermediate gear to the first station or the second station;
    确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机驱动中间齿轮试转动；After it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to try to rotate;
    确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to the preset driving parameters, and the first clutch device is disconnected.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，在确定中间齿轮移动至第一工位或者第二工位的预设位置后，断开第二离合装置，驱动电机 驱动中间齿轮试转动的步骤之后还包括：The reducer for a crane according to claim 1, wherein after it is determined that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the drive motor drives the intermediate gear to test The step of turning is followed by:
    确定中间齿轮的试转动超出预设的驱动参数，连接第二离合装置，驱动机构调节中间齿轮的位置。It is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear exceeds the preset driving parameters, the second clutch device is connected, and the driving mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括驱动齿环以及驱动齿轮，所述驱动齿环固定设置在机箱内，所述驱动齿环的侧壁具有轮齿；驱动齿轮与驱动齿环啮合，所述驱动齿轮的驱动转轴通过第二离合装置与所述中间转轴连接。The reducer for a crane according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving gear ring and a driving gear, the driving gear ring is fixedly arranged in the casing, and the side wall of the driving gear ring has gear teeth ; The drive gear meshes with the drive gear ring, and the drive shaft of the drive gear is connected with the intermediate shaft through the second clutch device.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述传动装置与所述驱动转轴活动连接，以使传动装置随中间齿轮的移动而移动；The reducer for a crane according to claim 3, wherein the transmission device is movably connected with the drive shaft, so that the transmission device moves with the movement of the intermediate gear;
    所述传动装置具有第一传动工位和第二传动工位，在第一传动工位下，所述传动装置将第一从动齿轮的驱动传递给动力输出轴；在第二传动工位下，所述传动装置将第二从动齿轮的驱动传递给动力输出轴。The transmission device has a first transmission station and a second transmission station. Under the first transmission station, the transmission device transmits the drive of the first driven gear to the power output shaft; under the second transmission station , the transmission device transmits the driving of the second driven gear to the power output shaft.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述传动装置包括连接架、传动齿轮以及连接传动齿轮和连接架的传动轴，连接架与中间转轴活动连接；The reducer for a crane according to claim 4, wherein the transmission device comprises a connecting frame, a transmission gear, and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connecting frame, and the connecting frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
    动力输出轴上设置有动力输出齿轮，在第一传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第一减速齿轮啮合，在第二传动工位下，传动齿轮同时与动力输出齿轮和第二减速齿轮啮合。The power output shaft is provided with a power output gear. Under the first transmission station, the transmission gear meshes with the power output gear and the first reduction gear at the same time. Under the second transmission station, the transmission gear simultaneously engages with the power output gear and the second reduction gear. The reduction gear meshes.
  6. 如权利要求3所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述驱动齿环上设置有压力传感器，所述压力传感器与所述主控电路电连接，所述主控电路根据压力传感器所采集的压力值，确定中间齿轮处于第一工位或者第二工位。The reducer for a crane according to claim 3, wherein a pressure sensor is provided on the driving gear ring, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit is based on the data collected by the pressure sensor. The pressure value is determined to determine whether the intermediate gear is in the first station or the second station.
  7. 如权利要求3所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述起重机减速机还包括机架，所述机架与机箱的侧壁固定连接，驱动齿环可拆卸的安装于机架上。The crane reducer according to claim 3, wherein the crane reducer further comprises a frame, the frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring is detachably installed on the frame.
  8. 如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，所述确定中间齿轮的试转动符合预设的驱动参数，断开第一离合装置的步骤包括：The reducer for a crane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to the preset driving parameters, and disconnecting the first clutch device comprises:
    驱动电机驱动中间齿轮转动预设圈数；The drive motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate the preset number of turns;
    根据中间齿轮与第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮的传动比，获取第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮转动的理论圈数；According to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear and the first driven gear or the second driven gear, obtain the theoretical number of revolutions of the first driven gear or the second driven gear;
    获取与中间齿轮啮合的第一从动齿轮或者第二从动齿轮所转动的实际圈数；Obtain the actual number of turns rotated by the first driven gear or the second driven gear meshed with the intermediate gear;
    确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，断开第一离合装置。Make sure that the theoretical number of turns and the actual number of turns are the same, and disconnect the first clutch device.
  9. 如权利要求8所述的起重机用减速机，其特征在于，在断开第一离合装置的步骤之前还包括：The reducer for a crane according to claim 8, further comprising: before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device:
    根据中间齿轮与主动齿轮的传动比，获取主动齿轮的理论圈数；According to the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear and the driving gear, obtain the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear;
    获取主动齿轮所转动的实际圈数；Get the actual number of turns the driving gear rotates;
    确定理论圈数和实际圈数相同，断开第一离合装置。Make sure that the theoretical number of turns and the actual number of turns are the same, and disconnect the first clutch device.
  10. 一种起重机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的起重机用减速机。A crane comprising the reduction gear for a crane according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/CN2022/075700 2021-02-08 2022-02-09 Speed reducer for crane and crane WO2022166992A1 (en)

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