CN112524210A - Speed reducer for crane and crane - Google Patents

Speed reducer for crane and crane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112524210A
CN112524210A CN202110178163.9A CN202110178163A CN112524210A CN 112524210 A CN112524210 A CN 112524210A CN 202110178163 A CN202110178163 A CN 202110178163A CN 112524210 A CN112524210 A CN 112524210A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
driving
station
transmission
clutch device
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Granted
Application number
CN202110178163.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112524210B (en
Inventor
周清泉
王永务
苏世伟
段毅
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Wanxin Jinggong Hunan Co Ltd
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Wanxin Jinggong Hunan Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110178163.9A priority Critical patent/CN112524210B/en
Publication of CN112524210A publication Critical patent/CN112524210A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112524210B publication Critical patent/CN112524210B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/075700 priority patent/WO2022166992A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed reducer for a crane and the crane, wherein the speed reducer for the crane comprises: the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to an input position switching instruction; controlling the first clutch device and the second clutch device to be connected with the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching instruction so as to enable the intermediate gear to move to the first station or the second station; after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate in a trial mode; and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear accords with preset driving parameters, and disconnecting the first clutch device. The technical scheme of the invention is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the speed reducer.

Description

Speed reducer for crane and crane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a speed reducer for a crane and the crane.
Background
With the development of society and economy, the requirements on engineering machinery are higher and higher. The existing crane speed reducer has the unreasonable structure arrangement, so that the variable speed range is small, and various requirements of a crane in working can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a speed reducer for a crane, aiming at improving the adaptability of the speed reducer and the diversity and flexibility of speed change of the crane.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a speed reducer for a crane, including:
the power input shaft is connected with a driving device at one end;
the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
a first driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the first speed reducing rotating shaft of the first speed reducing gear is connected with the first driven rotating shaft of the first driven gear;
a second driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the second speed reducing rotating shaft of the second speed reducing gear is connected with the second driven rotating shaft of the second driven gear;
the transmission device is matched with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear and transmits the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the speed reducer;
the intermediate gear is movably arranged in a machine box of the speed reducer and is provided with a first station and a second station, and under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the first driven gear so as to drive the first driven gear to rotate; under the second station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the second driven gear to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
the driving device comprises a driving motor and a driving mechanism, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of a middle rotating shaft of the middle gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to an input position switching instruction;
controlling the first clutch device and the second clutch device to be connected with the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching instruction so as to enable the intermediate gear to move to the first station or the second station;
after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate in a trial mode;
and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear accords with preset driving parameters, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
Optionally, after determining that the intermediate gear moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the step of disconnecting the second clutch device and driving the intermediate gear to try to rotate by the driving motor further includes:
and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear exceeds preset driving parameters, connecting a second clutch device, and adjusting the position of the intermediate gear by a driving mechanism.
Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear ring and a driving gear, the driving gear ring is fixedly disposed in the chassis, and a side wall of the driving gear ring has gear teeth; the driving gear is meshed with the driving gear ring, and a driving rotating shaft of the driving gear is connected with the intermediate rotating shaft through a second device.
Optionally, the transmission device comprises a connecting frame, a transmission gear and a transmission shaft for connecting the transmission gear and the connecting frame, and the connecting frame is movably connected with the middle rotating shaft;
the power output shaft is provided with a power output gear, the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the first reduction gear at the same time at the first transmission station, and the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the second reduction gear at the same time at the second transmission station.
Optionally, the transmission device comprises a connecting frame, a transmission gear and a transmission shaft for connecting the transmission gear and the connecting frame, and the connecting frame is movably connected with the middle rotating shaft;
the power output shaft is provided with a power output gear, the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the first driven gear at the same time at the first transmission station, and the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the second driven gear at the same time at the second transmission station.
Optionally, a pressure sensor is arranged on the driving gear ring, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the main control circuit, and the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear is located at the first station or the second station according to a pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor.
Optionally, the speed reducer for the crane further includes a frame, the frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the driving gear ring is detachably mounted on the frame.
Optionally, the step of determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear conforms to the preset driving parameter, and the step of disconnecting the first clutch device includes:
the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate for a preset number of turns;
acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the rotation of the first driven gear or the second driven gear according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear to the first driven gear or the second driven gear;
acquiring the actual number of turns of rotation of a first driven gear or a second driven gear meshed with the intermediate gear;
and determining that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
Optionally, before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device, the method further comprises:
acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear to the driving gear;
acquiring the actual number of turns of the driving gear;
and determining that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
The invention also provides a crane, which comprises a speed reducer for the crane, wherein the speed reducer comprises a power input shaft, and one end of the power input shaft is connected with a driving device;
the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
a first driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the first speed reducing rotating shaft of the first speed reducing gear is connected with the first driven rotating shaft of the first driven gear;
a second driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the second speed reducing rotating shaft of the second speed reducing gear is connected with the second driven rotating shaft of the second driven gear;
the transmission device is matched with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear and transmits the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the speed reducer;
the intermediate gear is movably arranged in a machine box of the speed reducer and is provided with a first station and a second station, and under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the first driven gear so as to drive the first driven gear to rotate; under the second station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the second driven gear to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
the driving device comprises a driving motor and a driving mechanism, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of a middle rotating shaft of the middle gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to an input position switching instruction;
controlling the first clutch device and the second clutch device to be connected with the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching instruction so as to enable the intermediate gear to move to the first station or the second station;
after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate in a trial mode;
and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear accords with preset driving parameters, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
According to the technical scheme, a main control circuit controls a first clutch device and a second clutch device to be connected with a driving output shaft, an intermediate rotating shaft and a driving mechanism according to a position switching instruction so as to enable an intermediate gear to move to a first station or a second station; after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate in a trial mode; then confirm that the trial rotation of intermediate gear accords with predetermined drive parameter, disconnect first clutch for intermediate gear can be accurate switch between first station and second station, thereby make the speed reducer have more reduction progression, improved the adaptability of speed reducer, make the ground jack can deal with more complicated operating modes, be favorable to satisfying the demand of different operating modes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a speed reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operation principle of another embodiment of the speed reducer for a crane according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a reducer for a crane according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a reducer for a crane according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a reducer driving gear and a driving gear ring for a crane according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
reference numerals Name (R) Reference numerals Name (R)
100 Driving gear 210 First driven gear
220 Second driven gear 300 Intermediate gear
260 Third clutch device 270 Fourth clutch device
510 Driving motor 520 First clutch device
530 Driving gear 550 Second clutch device
560 Intermediate rotating shaft 610 First reduction gear
620 Second reduction gear 710 Power output gear
700 Power output shaft 810 Transmission gear
820 Connecting frame 830 Fifth clutch device
230 Third driven gear 910 Driving gear ring
930 Driving rotating shaft
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, including a technical scheme, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention mainly provides a speed reducer for a crane, which is mainly applied to the crane to increase the speed change level of the speed reducer and improve the adaptability of the speed reducer, so that the crane can meet the requirements of wider working conditions.
The following will mainly describe a specific structure of a speed reducer for a crane.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reducer for a crane includes:
the power input shaft is connected with a driving device at one end;
a drive gear 100, said drive gear 100 being disposed on said power input shaft;
a first driven gear 210, the first driven gear 210 being disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
a first reduction gear 610, a first reduction rotation shaft of the first reduction gear 610 and a first driven rotation shaft of the first driven gear 210 being connected;
a second driven gear 220, the second driven gear 220 being disposed adjacent to the driving gear 100;
a second reduction gear 620, wherein a second reduction rotation shaft of the second reduction gear 620 is connected with a second driven rotation shaft of the second driven gear 220;
a transmission device, which is engaged with the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620, and transmits the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft 700 of the speed reducer;
the intermediate gear 300 is movably arranged in a machine box of the speed reducer, the intermediate gear 300 is provided with a first station and a second station, and in the first station, the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210 so as to drive the first driven gear 210 to rotate; in the second station, the intermediate gear 300 is meshed with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220 simultaneously to drive the second driven gear 220 to rotate;
the driving device comprises a driving motor 510 and a driving mechanism, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor 510 is connected with one end of an intermediate rotating shaft 560 of the intermediate gear 300 through a first clutch device 520, and the other end of the intermediate rotating shaft 560 is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device 550;
a main control circuit electrically connected to the driving device and the first clutch device 520, and receiving and responding to an input position switching command;
controlling the first clutch device 520 and the second clutch device 550 to connect the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft 560 and the driving mechanism according to the position switching instruction so as to move the intermediate gear 300 to the first station or the second station;
after the intermediate gear 300 is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device 550 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to rotate in an attempt;
it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 meets the preset driving parameters, and the first clutch device 520 is disengaged.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the driving gear 100 is provided on the power input shaft to rotate with the rotation of the power input shaft. One end of the power input shaft is connected with a driving device, and the driving device can be a motor or a heat engine. The reduction gear works differently according to the different stations of the intermediate gear 300, and the output reduction ratio is different.
The form of the transmission and the driving device can be many, and as will be exemplified below, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear ring 910 and a driving gear, the driving gear ring 910 is fixedly arranged in the chassis, and the side wall of the driving gear ring 910 has gear teeth; the driving gear is engaged with the driving gear ring 910, and the driving rotation shaft 930 of the driving gear is connected with the intermediate rotation shaft 560 by the second clutch device 550. The driving rotation shaft 930 and the intermediate rotation shaft 560 may be coupled or decoupled by the second clutch device 550, and in a coupled state, the driving gear moves along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 by the engagement of the driving gear and the driving gear ring 910 with the rotation of the intermediate rotation shaft 560, and thus, the intermediate gear 300 moves along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910. In the disengaged state of the second clutch device 550, the driving rotation shaft 930 and the intermediate rotation shaft 560 are disengaged, so that the driving rotation shaft 930 and the intermediate rotation shaft 560 can move together but do not rotate coaxially.
The transmission device is movably connected with the driving rotating shaft 930 so that the transmission device moves along with the movement of the intermediate gear 300; the transmission device has a first transmission station where the drive of the first driven gear 210 is transmitted to the power output shaft 700 and a second transmission station; in the second transmission position, the transmission transmits the drive of the second driven gear 220 to the power take-off shaft 700. The transmission is connected to the driving shaft 930 through a bearing or other movable connection structure so that the transmission moves with the driving gear in the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910 without rotating with the rotation of the driving gear. In this way, the transmission can be made to have a first transmission station corresponding to the first station of the intermediate gear 300, and a second transmission station corresponding to the second station of the intermediate gear 300.
Specifically, the transmission device comprises a connecting frame 820, a transmission gear 810 and a transmission shaft for connecting the transmission gear 810 and the connecting frame 820, wherein the connecting frame 820 is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft 560; the power output shaft 700 is provided with a power output gear 710, in a first transmission station, a transmission gear 810 is meshed with the power output gear 710 and a first reduction gear 610 at the same time, and in a second transmission station, the transmission gear 810 is meshed with the power output gear 710 and a second reduction gear 620 at the same time. That is, when the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously engaged with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210, the driving gear 810 is simultaneously engaged with the power output gear 710 and the first reduction gear 610; when the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously engaged with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220, the driving gear 810 is simultaneously engaged with the power output gear 710 and the second reduction gear 620.
The following is specifically explained:
when the intermediate gear 300 is located at the first station, the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously engaged with the driving gear 100 and the first driven gear 210, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the first driven gear 210 through the intermediate gear 300. The first driven gear 210 drives the first reduction gear 610 to rotate through the first driven rotation shaft and the connected first reduction rotation shaft. The first reduction gear 610 transmits drive to the power output gear 710 through a transmission and outputs the drive to a reduction gear through the power output shaft 700. Wherein, the first reduction gear 610 is engaged with the transmission gear 810, and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the first reduction gear 610 to the power output gear 710 and outputs through the power output shaft 700.
When the intermediate gear 300 is located at the second station, the intermediate gear 300 is simultaneously engaged with the driving gear 100 and the second driven gear 220, and the driving of the driving gear 100 is transmitted to the second driven gear 220 through the intermediate gear 300. The second driven gear 220 drives the second reduction gear 620 to rotate through the second driven rotation shaft and the second reduction rotation shaft. The second reduction gear 620 transmits drive to the power output gear 710 through a transmission, and outputs the drive to a reduction gear through the power output shaft 700. Wherein, the second reduction gear 620 is engaged with the transmission gear 810, and the transmission gear 810 transmits the power of the second reduction gear 620 to the power output gear 710 and outputs through the power output shaft 700.
It should be noted that the intermediate gear 300 may also have a third station, or even a fourth station, corresponding to the speed reduction transmission mechanisms with different speed reduction ratios. As shown in fig. 3, there are two third stations, and a third driven gear 230 is provided.
The intermediate gear 300 can be switched between the first station and the second station, and the process of switching the position will be described below by taking the example of switching the intermediate gear 300 from the first station to the second station.
When the intermediate gear 300 works in the first working position, the first clutch device 520 and the second clutch device 550 are both disconnected, and the intermediate gear 300 is movably connected with the driving motor 510 and the driving gear, that is, the output shaft of the driving motor 510, the intermediate rotating shaft 560 and the driving rotating shaft 930 rotate independently. After the main control circuit receives the position switching instruction, the rotation of the power input shaft is stopped, and then the first clutch device 520 and the second clutch device 550 are switched to the connection state, at this time, the output shaft of the driving motor 510, the middle rotating shaft 560 and the driving rotating shaft 930 are connected in sequence, and the three rotate synchronously. Among them, it is to be noted that, in this way, the power of the driving motor 510 can be directly transmitted to the driving gear, and the transmission process is simplified.
The driving gear is disposed inside the driving gear ring 910, and the driving gear is engaged with gear teeth inside the driving gear ring 910. The rotation of the driving shaft 930 causes the driving gear to move along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910, so that the intermediate shaft 560 and the driving motor 510, which rotate coaxially with the driving shaft 930, and the transmission movably connected to the driving shaft all move along the circumferential direction of the driving gear ring 910. The driving toothed ring 910 is fixedly connected with the chassis through a rack, specifically, the speed reducer for the crane further comprises a rack, the rack is fixedly connected with the side wall of the chassis, and the driving toothed ring 910 is detachably mounted on the rack. Of course, the driving motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission, etc., may have a guide rail connected to the frame to ensure that the driving motor 510, the intermediate gear 300, and the transmission, etc., moving together with the driving gear, may stably move.
After the intermediate gear 300 moves to the second station, the current position of the intermediate gear 300 needs to be accurately detected and confirmed, and if the current position can satisfy the condition that the intermediate gear 300 transmits the power of the driving gear 100 to the second driven gear 220, that is, the intermediate gear 300 can stably ensure the transmission ratio, the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is enough; if the current position is not satisfied that the intermediate gear 300 transmits the power of the driving wheel to the second driven gear 220, it indicates that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is not accurate enough, and further adjustment is required.
Specifically, after the intermediate gear 300 is determined to move to the preset position of the second station, the second clutch device 550 is disconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to rotate in an attempt; when the second clutch 550 is opened, only the intermediate shaft 560 rotates when the driving motor 510 rotates, and the driving gear does not rotate, and at this time, the position of the intermediate gear 300 can be maintained. If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 meets the preset driving parameters, the first clutch device 520 is disengaged. That is, when it is determined that the position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate enough to stably and accurately transmit the driving force, the first clutch device 520 is disengaged and the intermediate gear 300 may be rotated independently. When the driving gear 100 rotates, the intermediate gear 300 may transmit the driving to the second driven gear 220. If it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 does not meet the preset driving parameters, the second clutch 550 is reconnected, and the driving motor 510 drives the driving gear to operate, so as to adjust the position of the intermediate gear 300. Specifically, after determining that the intermediate gear 300 moves to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the step of disengaging the second clutch device 550 and driving the intermediate gear 300 to rotate by the driving motor 510 further includes: it is determined that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 exceeds the preset drive parameters, the second clutch 550 is engaged, and the drive mechanism adjusts the position of the intermediate gear 300.
There are many ways to initially position the idler gear 300 to determine whether it is located in the first station or the second station. For example, a position sensor, an optical sensor, a touch switch, or the like may be used, and in the present embodiment, a pressure sensor is provided on the driving ring gear 910 as an example. The driving gear ring 910 is stationary compared to the chassis, and a pressure sensor is disposed on the gear teeth thereof, and when the driving gear moves to a preset position, the driving gear presses the gear teeth on the driving gear ring 910 to apply pressure to the pressure sensor, so that the main control circuit acquires the position of the driving gear, thereby determining the position of the intermediate gear 300. Specifically, a pressure sensor is arranged on the driving gear ring 910, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear 300 is located at the first station or the second station according to a pressure value collected by the pressure sensor.
The following description will be given by way of example as to how it is determined whether the trial rotation of the intermediate gear 300 conforms to the preset drive parameters. After the second clutch device 550 is disconnected, the driving motor 510 drives the intermediate gear 300 to try to rotate, and firstly, a preset number of turns of the driving motor 510 driving the intermediate gear 300 to rotate is obtained; the preset number of turns can be a whole turn (such as 1 turn, 2 turns, 5 turns and the like), and can also be 0.1 turn, 0.2 turn, 0.5 turn, 2.3 turn and the like; acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the rotation of the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220 according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear 300 to the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220; then, the actual number of rotations of the first driven gear 210 or the second driven gear 220 engaged with the intermediate gear 300 is acquired; and determining that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and indicating that the preset driving parameters are met. In a specific example, the number of preset turns of the intermediate gear 300 is 5, and the transmission ratio between the intermediate gear 300 and the second driven gear 220 is 5:3, then the theoretical number of turns of the second driven gear 220 is 3, and if it is detected that the actual number of turns of the second driven gear 220 is 3, it indicates that the current position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, and the first clutch device 520 can be disconnected. In some embodiments, for better trial rotation, the first driven rotation shaft and the first reduction rotation shaft are connected by the third clutch 260, and the third clutch 260 is disconnected before trial rotation so that the first driven gear 210 and the first reduction gear 610 can be rotated independently. Similarly, the second driven rotation shaft and the second reduction rotation shaft are connected by the fourth clutch 270, and the fourth clutch 270 is disconnected before trial rotation, so that the second driven gear 220 and the second reduction gear 620 can rotate independently.
Of course, in some embodiments, to further improve the accuracy of the detection, the step of disconnecting the first clutch device 520 further includes: acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear 100 according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear 300 and the driving gear 100; acquiring the actual number of turns of the driving gear 100; the theoretical and actual turns are determined to be the same and the first clutch device 520 is disengaged. That is, at this time, it is required that the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear 100 corresponds to the number of time turns, and the theoretical number of turns of the second driven gear 220 is the same as the actual number of turns, so as to determine that the position of the intermediate gear 300 meets the requirement.
It is to be noted that the transmission gear 810 rotates simultaneously with the intermediate gear 300, and since the transmission gear 810 and the intermediate gear 300 revolve synchronously (move in the circumferential direction of the driving ring gear 910), in the case where the position of the intermediate gear 300 is accurate, the position of the transmission gear 810 should also be accurate. Of course, in some embodiments, it may be finally determined whether the position of the driving gear 810 is accurate by calculating and comparing the actual number of rotations and the theoretical number of rotations of the first reduction gear 610 or the second reduction gear 620, and calculating and comparing the actual number of rotations and the theoretical number of rotations of the power output gear 710. It is noted that in some embodiments, the transmission shaft of the transmission gear 810 and the connecting frame 820 may be connected by the fifth clutch device 830, so that the movement (connection of the fifth clutch device 830) and the free rotation (disconnection of the fifth clutch device 830) of the transmission gear 810 are facilitated.
The invention further provides a crane, which comprises the speed reducer for the crane, the specific structure of the speed reducer for the crane refers to the embodiments, and the crane adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, so that the crane at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A speed reducer for a crane, comprising:
the power input shaft is connected with a driving device at one end;
the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft;
a first driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the first speed reducing rotating shaft of the first speed reducing gear is connected with the first driven rotating shaft of the first driven gear;
a second driven gear disposed adjacent to the drive gear;
the second speed reducing rotating shaft of the second speed reducing gear is connected with the second driven rotating shaft of the second driven gear;
the transmission device is matched with the first reduction gear or the second reduction gear and transmits the drive input by the power input shaft to the power output shaft of the speed reducer;
the intermediate gear is movably arranged in a machine box of the speed reducer and is provided with a first station and a second station, and under the first station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the first driven gear so as to drive the first driven gear to rotate; under the second station, the intermediate gear is simultaneously meshed with the driving gear and the second driven gear to drive the second driven gear to rotate;
the driving device comprises a driving motor and a driving mechanism, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with one end of a middle rotating shaft of the middle gear through a first clutch device, and the other end of the middle rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism through a second clutch device;
the main control circuit is electrically connected with the driving device and the first clutch device, and receives and responds to an input position switching instruction;
controlling the first clutch device and the second clutch device to be connected with the driving output shaft, the intermediate rotating shaft and the driving mechanism according to the position switching instruction so as to enable the intermediate gear to move to the first station or the second station;
after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the preset position of the first station or the second station, the second clutch device is disconnected, and the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate in a trial mode;
and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear accords with preset driving parameters, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
2. The reducer for crane according to claim 1, wherein the second clutch device is disengaged after the intermediate gear is determined to move to the predetermined position of the first station or the second station, and the step of driving the intermediate gear to rotate by the driving motor further comprises:
and determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear exceeds preset driving parameters, connecting a second clutch device, and adjusting the position of the intermediate gear by a driving mechanism.
3. The reducer for crane according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving gear ring and a driving gear, the driving gear ring is fixedly arranged in the chassis, and the side wall of the driving gear ring is provided with gear teeth; the driving gear is meshed with the driving gear ring, and a driving rotating shaft of the driving gear is connected with the middle rotating shaft through a second clutch device.
4. The reducer of claim 3, wherein the transmission is movably connected to the drive shaft so that the transmission moves with the movement of the intermediate gear;
the transmission device is provided with a first transmission station and a second transmission station, and under the first transmission station, the transmission device transmits the drive of the first driven gear to the power output shaft; and in the second transmission station, the transmission device transmits the drive of the second driven gear to the power output shaft.
5. The reducer for crane according to claim 4, wherein the transmission device comprises a connecting frame, a transmission gear and a transmission shaft connecting the transmission gear and the connecting frame, and the connecting frame is movably connected with the intermediate rotating shaft;
the power output shaft is provided with a power output gear, the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the first reduction gear at the same time at the first transmission station, and the transmission gear is meshed with the power output gear and the second reduction gear at the same time at the second transmission station.
6. The reducer of claim 3, wherein the driving gear ring is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the main control circuit, and the main control circuit determines that the intermediate gear is in the first station or the second station according to a pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor.
7. The reducer of claim 3, further comprising a frame, wherein the frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing, and the driving ring gear is detachably mounted to the frame.
8. A reducer for cranes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said step of determining that the trial rotation of the intermediate gear corresponds to preset drive parameters, and disengaging the first clutch means comprises:
the driving motor drives the intermediate gear to rotate for a preset number of turns;
acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the rotation of the first driven gear or the second driven gear according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear to the first driven gear or the second driven gear;
acquiring the actual number of turns of rotation of a first driven gear or a second driven gear meshed with the intermediate gear;
and determining that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
9. The reducer for crane according to claim 8, further comprising, before the step of disconnecting the first clutch device:
acquiring the theoretical number of turns of the driving gear according to the transmission ratio of the intermediate gear to the driving gear;
acquiring the actual number of turns of the driving gear;
and determining that the theoretical number of turns is the same as the actual number of turns, and disconnecting the first clutch device.
10. A crane comprising a crane speed reducer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110178163.9A 2021-02-08 2021-02-08 Speed reducer for crane and crane Active CN112524210B (en)

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CN202110178163.9A CN112524210B (en) 2021-02-08 2021-02-08 Speed reducer for crane and crane
PCT/CN2022/075700 WO2022166992A1 (en) 2021-02-08 2022-02-09 Speed reducer for crane and crane

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Denomination of invention: Gearboxes and cranes for cranes

Granted publication date: 20210518

Pledgee: Hunan Ningxiang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Xiaduopu Sub branch

Pledgor: Wanxin Jinggong (Hunan) Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2024980002308