WO2022166546A1 - High-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cell, fuel cell system and vehicle - Google Patents
High-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cell, fuel cell system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022166546A1 WO2022166546A1 PCT/CN2022/071524 CN2022071524W WO2022166546A1 WO 2022166546 A1 WO2022166546 A1 WO 2022166546A1 CN 2022071524 W CN2022071524 W CN 2022071524W WO 2022166546 A1 WO2022166546 A1 WO 2022166546A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- bearing seat
- fuel cell
- air suspension
- main shaft
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
- F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
- F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/056—Bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
- F04D29/122—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/124—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps with special means for adducting cooling or sealing fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/4226—Fan casings
- F04D29/4233—Fan casings with volutes extending mainly in axial or radially inward direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/584—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling or heating the machine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel cell compressor, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, in particular to a fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell electric drive air compressors.
- the hydrogen fuel cell directly outputs electrical energy through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the power density of the hydrogen fuel cell is directly related to the air supply pressure and air supply flow of the air supply system. Power increases.
- Air compressors can provide high-pressure air sources for fuel cell systems. Compared with screw compressors and scroll compressors, centrifugal air compressors can provide air sources with higher high-pressure ratios, significantly improving the power density and overall performance of the stack. In addition, the outlet air of the air suspension centrifugal air compressor is oil-free, which is easy to achieve small size and weight, and is the best choice for vehicle fuel cell air compressors.
- the rotating speed of the small centrifugal compressor is high, the rotor and the surrounding air are violently rubbed, and a large amount of heat energy is generated, which makes the temperature of the rotor rise and deform, and the heat will also be transferred to the bearing, which may cause the bearing to fail at high temperature; Under the action of high speed, the temperature of the motor stator will also rise rapidly. If it cannot be cooled in time, too much heat will affect the service life of the insulating material, reduce the output power of the motor, and burn the motor in severe cases.
- the prior art uses air to cool the motor stator, but the cooling effect is unsatisfactory; the coaxial fan is required to consume power, which reduces the system efficiency; or the water-cooled motor stator is used, and cooling channels are arranged inside the motor casing to cool the motor casing, so as to achieve the power supply to the motor.
- stator cooling uses air to cool the motor stator, but the cooling effect is unsatisfactory; the coaxial fan is required to consume power, which reduces the system efficiency; or the water-cooled motor stator is used, and cooling channels are arranged inside the motor casing to cool the motor casing, so as to achieve the power supply to the motor. The effect of stator cooling.
- the cooling effect is not obvious mainly reflected. If the cooling air volume is increased, it will cause power consumption, and at the same time, the discharge of heated air will cause heat accumulation in the external environment of the air compressor.
- the design of air compressors should be designed to maximize energy density.
- the motor has a compact design, high speed, high wind loss in the gap between the stator and rotor (proportional to the speed), and brings the hidden danger of motor overheating; if traditional water cooling is used to cool the motor stator , Because the cooling channel is arranged in the motor casing, and the heat of the stator is taken away through the metal heat transfer belt. The problem of this cooling is that the end windings on both sides of the stator cannot be cooled well, and metal caps must be added on both sides of the stator. Snap on the coil, then cool the outer metal cap. Or increase the power of the cooling fan and use air to cool the end windings on both sides of the stator, but this also reduces the overall efficiency of the motor.
- the publication number is CN108533510A
- the publication date is 2018.09.14
- the invention is named as the invention patent application of the air suspension centrifugal compressor for fuel cells.
- the heat of the stator is taken away by the heat, and the cooling method has limited effect;
- the patent application places the thrust disk at the far end of the impeller, and the thrust disk is a high-heat component, which does not consider the cooling problem of the thrust disk; moreover, the invention patent application
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of large volume, low speed and poor cooling effect of the existing compressor, and then design a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. It is used to output compressed air to the stack for hydrogen-oxygen reaction to generate electricity.
- the motor stator of the compressor is completely immersed in the liquid, and the cooling effect is obvious, which better ensures the normal operation of the motor under extreme conditions.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- Scheme 1 A high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells, comprising:
- the shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port;
- stator and the main shaft are arranged in the casing, and the main shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the stator and rotates freely;
- An impeller and a volute the volute is connected to the outer casing, and the impeller is placed in the volute and connected to the front end of the main shaft;
- the thrust plate is placed on the back side of the impeller, the labyrinth seal is placed on the back side of the outer edge of the impeller, and the compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal to cool the main shaft;
- the diffuser is arranged on the side of the casing close to the impeller;
- the partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft and the stator, and seals the stator and the main shaft.
- the cooling liquid flows between the casing and the partition sleeve, and the stator is completely immersed in the cooling liquid.
- the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, deionized water, oil and other liquids.
- the cooling liquid of the vehicle can be directly used as the cooling medium of the motor without adding additional equipment, which further reduces the weight and volume of the device.
- the diameter of the main shaft is 20mm.
- the diameter of the main shaft is 30-40 mm, and the wind loss value is the fourth power of the diameter of the main shaft, so the wind loss of the present invention is greatly reduced compared with the prior art.
- a main shaft support member is also included,
- Front bearing seat, rear bearing seat, rear radial bearing and front radial bearing, the front bearing seat and rear bearing seat are sealed and mounted on the front and rear ends of the casing, and the front end of the main shaft is connected with the front bearing seat through the front radial bearing, The rear end of the main shaft is connected with the rear bearing seat through the rear radial bearing. With this arrangement, the main shaft rotates freely in the inner cavity of the stator.
- a thrust disc support member is also included,
- Thrust bearing seat, outer thrust bearing, inner thrust bearing, the thrust bearing seat is connected with the front bearing seat, the outer thrust bearing, the thrust disc and the inner thrust bearing are arranged between the thrust bearing seat and the front bearing seat in sequence from front to back; labyrinth seal Set between the impeller and the thrust bearing seat. This arrangement provides support for the thrust disc.
- the impeller, the thrust plate and the main shaft are coaxially connected by the stretching screw, and the compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal to cool the thrust bearing. This setting ensures that the three rotate coaxially.
- the front and rear ends of the partition sleeve are sealedly connected with the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat through a sealing ring.
- the outer walls of the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat are provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves.
- sealing grooves are provided on the outer walls of both ends of the partition sleeve, sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves, and the outer walls of the partition sleeve and the inner walls of the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat are sealed by the sealing rings.
- the partition sleeve is an integral manufacturing structure. This arrangement is convenient for processing.
- the partition sleeve is a separate manufacturing structure. This arrangement facilitates installation and disassembly.
- the partition sleeve includes a front long sleeve and a rear sleeve, and the front long sleeve and the rear sleeve are sealed and connected;
- the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve and a rear long sleeve, and the front sleeve and the rear long sleeve are sealed and connected;
- the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve, a middle sleeve and a rear sleeve, and the front sleeve, the middle sleeve and the rear sleeve are sealed and connected in sequence;
- the middle sleeve is located at the center of the rotating shaft, and the wall thickness of the middle sleeve is smaller than that of the front sleeve and the rear sleeve. This setting increases thermal conductivity and quickly dissipates heat.
- the middle sleeve is made of non-conductive materials, such as PEEK plastic, POM plastic, PBT plastic, PVC plastic, carbon fiber, etc. All waterproof and non-conductive materials are used. It can be used as the material of the partition sleeve, which will not be enumerated here.
- the partition sleeve is a middle sleeve, and the middle sleeve is sealed with the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat through a sealing ring.
- This arrangement facilitates installation and disassembly. It is equivalent to processing the front bearing seat and the front sleeve as one, and the rear bearing seat and the rear sleeve as one.
- Solution 2 According to another aspect of the invention, a fuel cell system is further provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in solution 1.
- Solution 3 According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in solution 1 or the fuel cell system described in solution 2.
- the thrust plate is arranged on the rear side of the impeller of the present invention, and the motor stator and the motor shafting components are separated by a partition sleeve, and then the liquid inflow and outflow interface channels are set from the motor shell part, so that the stator is completely immersed in the liquid and the motor is completely immersed.
- Most of the heat is taken away, the specific heat capacity of the liquid is much larger than that of the air, the required cooling flow is small, the system efficiency is improved, and the coaxial cooling fan is not arranged away from the impeller end, and it can be guaranteed in extreme external environments, such as desert high temperature and dry areas, can reach Reduce the internal temperature of the motor to ensure the normal operation of the motor;
- the shaft system of the motor is cooled, on the one hand, the heat is taken away by the air flowing through it, and on the other hand, it is dissipated by the heat conduction and convection of the metal, because the temperature of the stator and the metal sleeve is much lower than that of other parts, and the temperature of most rotors and mechanical parts is It will also be lowered, and the air cooling fan can be completely abandoned, resulting in an excellent heat dissipation effect.
- the compressor of the present invention has a compact structure under the premise of ensuring the cooling effect, which can reach 150,000 rpm, and the volume is only The size of the palm of the hand, the typical size of the length * width * height is 200 * 150 * 160, the unit is mm.
- both the radial bearing and the thrust bearing generate about 200%-300% of the heat of normal working (which can be regarded as extremely bad working conditions), so as to maintain the normal power output of the motor (12- 16kw) and the normal working speed of the rotor (120,000-150,000 rpm), the simulation calculation results verify that the cooling method of the present invention ensures that the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is within the normal temperature range known in the industry, thereby ensuring the normal operation and operation of the motor. Design life.
- FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a state diagram of a fully immersed stator of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the air cooling flow of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the first sealing connection relationship between the partition sleeve, the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the second type of sealing connection relationship between the partition sleeve, the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (short in the front and long in the back);
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (the front is long and the back is short);
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an integrated partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a positional relationship diagram of a partition sleeve and a stator of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention
- Fig. 11 is a temperature distribution diagram of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (excluding impeller and volute);
- Fig. 13 is an external dimension drawing (front view) of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell of the present invention
- Fig. 14 is an external dimension drawing (side view) of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
- orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “middle”, “outer”, “front”, “rear”, etc. is based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings relation. These terms are primarily used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the fact that the indicated device, element, or component must have a particular orientation, or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
- connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; it may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or two devices, elements or Internal connectivity between components.
- connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; it may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or two devices, elements or Internal connectivity between components.
- Embodiment 1 Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10, a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell in this embodiment includes:
- the partition sleeve is a three-section split structure, including the front sleeve 26 , the middle sleeve 25 and the rear sleeve 22;
- the casing 4 is arranged on the support 1, and the casing 4 is provided with a liquid inlet 19 and a liquid discharge port 21, and a pipe joint is connected to the liquid inlet 19 and the liquid discharge port 21;
- the front bearing seat 6 is fixedly installed on the front end of the housing 4 by bolts, and the sealing ring is used between the outer wall of the front bearing seat 6 and the inner wall of the front end of the housing 4 to achieve sealing installation, and the rear bearing seat 23 is fixedly installed by bolts.
- the rear end of the casing 4, and the outer wall of the rear bearing seat 23 and the inner wall of the rear end of the casing 4 are sealed and installed through a sealing ring;
- the front end of the main shaft 20 is connected to the front bearing seat 6 through the front radial bearing 5, and the main shaft 20
- the rear end is connected with the rear bearing seat 23 through the rear radial bearing 2, and the rear cover 24 is fixedly installed on the rear bearing seat 23;
- the stator 3 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the casing 4, and the main shaft 20 is inserted into the inner cavity of the stator 3 to rotate freely ;
- the front end of the casing 4 and the volute 8 are fixedly connected by bolts 7, the diffuser 14 is arranged on the side of the casing 4 close to the impeller 12, and the volute 8 is provided with an air inlet 10 and an exhaust port 15;
- the thrust bearing seat 13 and the front bearing seat 6 are fastened by bolts, and the outer thrust bearing 16, the thrust plate 17, the inner thrust bearing seat 13 and the front bearing seat 6 are arranged in sequence from front to back.
- the thrust bearing 18; the impeller 12, the thrust disc 17, and the main shaft 20 are coaxially connected by the stretching screw 11; the labyrinth seal 9 is arranged between the impeller 12 and the thrust bearing seat 13, and is fixedly installed on the thrust bearing seat 13, The compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal 9 to cool the thrust bearing and the main shaft 20;
- the partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft 20 and the stator 3, and the stator 3 and the main shaft 20 are sealed and separated, and the cooling liquid flows between the casing 4 and the partition sleeve, and the stator 3 is completely immersed in the cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is: Ethylene glycol; specifically, the front sleeve 26, the middle sleeve 25 and the rear sleeve 22 are sealed and connected in sequence; the middle sleeve is located in the center of the rotating shaft, the middle sleeve is facing the permanent magnet, and the wall thickness of the middle sleeve is smaller than the front sleeve
- the wall thickness of the barrel and the rear sleeve; the middle sleeve is made of PEEK plastic, the outer walls of the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23 are provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves, and the inner wall of the front sleeve 26 is connected to the front
- Embodiment 2 The difference from Embodiment 1 lies in the sealing method between the partition sleeve and the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23; A sealing ring is arranged in the groove, the outer wall of the front sleeve 26 and the inner wall of the front bearing seat 6 are sealed and installed by the sealing ring, and the outer wall of the rear sleeve 22 and the inner wall of the rear bearing seat 23 are sealed and installed by the sealing ring. See Figure 5 for details.
- Embodiment 3 The difference from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts an integrated manufacturing structure, and both ends of the partition sleeve are sealed and installed with the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 9 for details.
- Embodiment 4 The difference from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts a two-section split structure, specifically: the partition sleeve includes a front long sleeve 27 and a rear sleeve 22 that are sealed and connected, and the front long sleeve 27 and the rear sleeve 22 are sealed.
- the sleeve 27 is sealed with the front bearing seat 6
- the rear sleeve 22 is sealed with the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 8 for details.
- Example 5 The difference from Example 1 or Example 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts a two-section split structure, specifically: the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve 26 and a rear long sleeve 28 that are sealed and connected, and the front sleeve The barrel 26 is sealed with the front bearing seat 6 , and the rear long sleeve 28 is sealed with the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 7 for details.
- Embodiment 6 The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of POM plastic.
- Embodiment 7 The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of PBT plastic.
- Embodiment 8 The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of PVC plastic.
- Embodiment 9 The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of carbon fiber.
- Example 10 The difference from Example 1 above is that the cooling liquid is a mixed liquid of ethylene glycol and water.
- Example 11 The difference from Example 1 above is that the cooling liquid is oil.
- Embodiment 12 This embodiment further provides a fuel cell system, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-11.
- Embodiment 13 In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a vehicle is provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-11 or the fuel cell system described in Embodiment 12.
- the cooling simulation test of the present invention is as follows:
- Table 1 is a list of material properties
- Ethylene glycol cooling channel turbulent flow
- Fluid inlet mass flow 0.1 kg/s
- Air cooling channel turbulent flow
- Air outlet stagnation temperature 137.7oC
- volume-averaged permanent magnet temperature 145.2 oC
- the normal power output (12-16kw) of the motor is maintained under the condition that both the radial bearing and the thrust bearing generate about 200%-300% of the heat of normal operation (which can be regarded as extremely harsh working conditions)
- the simulation calculation results verify that the cooling method of the present invention ensures that the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is within the normal temperature range known in the industry, thereby ensuring the normal operation and design life of the motor.
- the cooling method of the motor structure design in the prior art under the same cooling input conditions (mainly the inlet and outlet flow and temperature of liquid and air, and without a cooling fan on the side away from the impeller), the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is uniform.
- the normal temperature range known in the industry cannot be reached, the motor is in a high temperature state and cannot work normally, and the service life is far from the design life, and it cannot be compared with the cooling effect of the present invention.
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Abstract
A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. A stator (3) and a main shaft (20) are arranged inside a shell (4), and the main shaft (20) is inserted, in a penetrating manner, into an inner cavity of the stator (3) such that same rotates freely; a thrust disk (17) is arranged on the rear side of an impeller (12); a labyrinth seal (9) is arranged on the rear side of the outer edge of the impeller (12), and air flows through the labyrinth seal (9) to cool the main shaft (20); and a partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft (20) and the stator (3) so as to partition the stator (3) from the main shaft (20) in a sealing manner, and a cooling liquid flows between the shell (4) and the partition sleeve so as to immerse the stator (3) in the cooling liquid.
Description
本发明涉及一种燃料电池用压缩机、燃料电池系统及车辆,具体涉及一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机、燃料电池系统及车辆,属于氢燃料电池电驱动空气压缩机技术领域。The invention relates to a fuel cell compressor, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, in particular to a fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell electric drive air compressors.
在新能源方面,采用氢燃料电池提供动力的汽车的动力性能高、加氢快、续航里程长,是21世纪新能源汽车最具战略意义的突破口。氢燃料电池通过氢气与氧气进行化学反应直接输出电能,氢燃料电池功率密度与空气供给系统供气压力及供气流量直接相关,供气压力高,氧气分压高,燃料电池反应速度加快,输出功率增大。In terms of new energy, vehicles powered by hydrogen fuel cells have high power performance, fast hydrogen refueling, and long cruising range, which are the most strategic breakthroughs for new energy vehicles in the 21st century. The hydrogen fuel cell directly outputs electrical energy through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. The power density of the hydrogen fuel cell is directly related to the air supply pressure and air supply flow of the air supply system. Power increases.
空气压缩机可以为燃料电池系统提供高压气源,与螺杆压缩机、涡旋压缩机相比,离心式空压机能提供更高压比的气源,显著提升电堆的功率密度和整体性能。而且,空气悬浮式离心空气压缩机的出口空气无油,容易实现小型、轻量化,是车用燃料电池空压机的最佳选择。Air compressors can provide high-pressure air sources for fuel cell systems. Compared with screw compressors and scroll compressors, centrifugal air compressors can provide air sources with higher high-pressure ratios, significantly improving the power density and overall performance of the stack. In addition, the outlet air of the air suspension centrifugal air compressor is oil-free, which is easy to achieve small size and weight, and is the best choice for vehicle fuel cell air compressors.
为了匹配燃料电池系统性能,小型离心压缩机的转速高,转子与周围空气发生剧烈摩擦,产生大量热能,使得转子温度升高、变形,热量还将传递至轴承,可能导致轴承高温失效;在超高速作用下,电机定子的温度也会迅速上升,若不能及时冷却,过多的热量将影响绝缘材料的使用寿命,降低电机的输出功率,严重时烧毁电机。In order to match the performance of the fuel cell system, the rotating speed of the small centrifugal compressor is high, the rotor and the surrounding air are violently rubbed, and a large amount of heat energy is generated, which makes the temperature of the rotor rise and deform, and the heat will also be transferred to the bearing, which may cause the bearing to fail at high temperature; Under the action of high speed, the temperature of the motor stator will also rise rapidly. If it cannot be cooled in time, too much heat will affect the service life of the insulating material, reduce the output power of the motor, and burn the motor in severe cases.
已有技术采用空气冷却电机定子,冷却效果不理想;需要同轴风扇耗功,降低系统效率;或者采用水冷电机定子,在电机壳体内侧布置冷却通道,冷却电机壳体,达到给电机定子降温的效果。The prior art uses air to cool the motor stator, but the cooling effect is unsatisfactory; the coaxial fan is required to consume power, which reduces the system efficiency; or the water-cooled motor stator is used, and cooling channels are arranged inside the motor casing to cool the motor casing, so as to achieve the power supply to the motor. The effect of stator cooling.
冷却效果不明显主要体现。如果加大冷却风量,会造成耗功,同时经过加热的空气的排放造成空气压缩机外部环境的热量积累。燃料电池应用,由于汽车部件的尺寸和重量要求,空压机(现有技术中空压机的体积大小为17寸电脑大小,转速在7万转/分钟左右)设计应以最大限度提升能量密度,减少自身体积和重量,故而电机设计紧凑,转速高,定子和转子之间存在的间隙的风损高(跟转速成正比),并带来电机过热的隐患;如果采用传统的水冷来冷却电机定子,因为是在电机壳体布置冷却通道,通过金属传热带走定子的热量,这种冷却存在的问题,定子的两侧末端绕组不能很好的冷却,必须在定子两侧加金属帽,扣住线圈,然后冷却外部金属帽。或者加大冷却风扇功率,采用空气冷却定子两侧末端绕组,但是这样同时也降低了电机整体的效率。The cooling effect is not obvious mainly reflected. If the cooling air volume is increased, it will cause power consumption, and at the same time, the discharge of heated air will cause heat accumulation in the external environment of the air compressor. For fuel cell applications, due to the size and weight requirements of automotive components, the design of air compressors (the size of the air compressor in the prior art is the size of a 17-inch computer, and the speed is about 70,000 rpm) should be designed to maximize energy density. Reduce its own volume and weight, so the motor has a compact design, high speed, high wind loss in the gap between the stator and rotor (proportional to the speed), and brings the hidden danger of motor overheating; if traditional water cooling is used to cool the motor stator , Because the cooling channel is arranged in the motor casing, and the heat of the stator is taken away through the metal heat transfer belt. The problem of this cooling is that the end windings on both sides of the stator cannot be cooled well, and metal caps must be added on both sides of the stator. Snap on the coil, then cool the outer metal cap. Or increase the power of the cooling fan and use air to cool the end windings on both sides of the stator, but this also reduces the overall efficiency of the motor.
例如现有技术中,公布号为CN108533510A,公布日为2018.09.14,发明名称为燃料电池用空气悬浮离心压缩机的发明专利申请中,在电机外壳内部、定子外围设有液体冷却,利用金属传热带走定子的热量,该冷却方式效果有限;其次,该专利申请将推力盘置于叶轮远端,推力盘属于高热部件,其并未考虑推力盘的冷却问题;再者,该发明专利申请还存在体积大、转速低的缺陷。For example, in the prior art, the publication number is CN108533510A, the publication date is 2018.09.14, and the invention is named as the invention patent application of the air suspension centrifugal compressor for fuel cells. There is a liquid cooling inside the motor casing and the periphery of the stator. The heat of the stator is taken away by the heat, and the cooling method has limited effect; secondly, the patent application places the thrust disk at the far end of the impeller, and the thrust disk is a high-heat component, which does not consider the cooling problem of the thrust disk; moreover, the invention patent application There are also the defects of large volume and low speed.
为此,需要对压缩机的冷却方式、整体布局进行改进,以克服现有技术中压缩机体积大、转速低及冷却效果不理想的问题。Therefore, it is necessary to improve the cooling method and overall layout of the compressor to overcome the problems of large volume, low rotational speed and unsatisfactory cooling effect of the compressor in the prior art.
需要说明的是,公开于本发明背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。It should be noted that the information disclosed in the Background of the Invention section is only intended to increase understanding of the general background of the invention, and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes already known to those skilled in the art current technology.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
鉴于上述事实,本发明的目的是针对现有的压缩机体积大、转速低及冷却效果差的问题,进而设计了一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机、燃料电池系统及车辆,压缩机用于输出压缩空气给电堆进行氢氧反应发电。压缩机的电机定子完全浸泡在液体中,冷却效果明显,更好的保证电机在极端情况下的正常运行。In view of the above facts, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of large volume, low speed and poor cooling effect of the existing compressor, and then design a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. It is used to output compressed air to the stack for hydrogen-oxygen reaction to generate electricity. The motor stator of the compressor is completely immersed in the liquid, and the cooling effect is obvious, which better ensures the normal operation of the motor under extreme conditions.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
方案一:一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,包括:Scheme 1: A high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells, comprising:
外壳,外壳上设置有进液口和排液口;The shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port;
定子、主轴,设置在所述外壳内,主轴穿插在定子内腔中自由转动;The stator and the main shaft are arranged in the casing, and the main shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the stator and rotates freely;
叶轮、蜗壳,蜗壳与外壳连接,叶轮置于蜗壳内并与所述主轴前端连接;An impeller and a volute, the volute is connected to the outer casing, and the impeller is placed in the volute and connected to the front end of the main shaft;
迷宫式密封、推力盘,推力盘置于叶轮后侧,迷宫式密封置于叶轮外缘后侧,经过压缩的空气流经迷宫式密封对主轴进行冷却;Labyrinth seal and thrust plate, the thrust plate is placed on the back side of the impeller, the labyrinth seal is placed on the back side of the outer edge of the impeller, and the compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal to cool the main shaft;
扩压器,设置于外壳靠近叶轮一侧;The diffuser is arranged on the side of the casing close to the impeller;
隔断套筒,设置在主轴与定子之间,将定子和主轴密闭隔断,冷却液体在外壳与隔断套筒之间流动,将定子完全沉浸在冷却液体内。The partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft and the stator, and seals the stator and the main shaft. The cooling liquid flows between the casing and the partition sleeve, and the stator is completely immersed in the cooling liquid.
进一步地:所述冷却液体为乙二醇,乙二醇和水的混合液,去离子水,油等其他液体。本方案中可以直接将车辆的冷却液直接作为电机的冷却介质,无需增加额外设备,进一步减轻了装置重量及体积。Further: the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, deionized water, oil and other liquids. In this solution, the cooling liquid of the vehicle can be directly used as the cooling medium of the motor without adding additional equipment, which further reduces the weight and volume of the device.
进一步地:所述主轴的直径为20mm。现有技术中主轴直径为30-40mm,风损数值为主轴直径的4次幂,那么本发明的风损较现有技术大幅降低。Further: the diameter of the main shaft is 20mm. In the prior art, the diameter of the main shaft is 30-40 mm, and the wind loss value is the fourth power of the diameter of the main shaft, so the wind loss of the present invention is greatly reduced compared with the prior art.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,还包括主轴支撑部件,In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, a main shaft support member is also included,
前轴承座、后轴承座、后径向轴承、前径向轴承,所述前轴承座、后轴承座密封安装在外壳的前后端,所述主轴前端通过前径向轴承与前轴承座连接,主轴后端通过后径向轴承与后轴承座连接。如此设置,主轴在定子内腔中自由转动。Front bearing seat, rear bearing seat, rear radial bearing and front radial bearing, the front bearing seat and rear bearing seat are sealed and mounted on the front and rear ends of the casing, and the front end of the main shaft is connected with the front bearing seat through the front radial bearing, The rear end of the main shaft is connected with the rear bearing seat through the rear radial bearing. With this arrangement, the main shaft rotates freely in the inner cavity of the stator.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,还包括推力盘支撑部件,In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, a thrust disc support member is also included,
推力轴承座、外推力轴承、内推力轴承,推力轴承座与前轴承座连接,推力轴承座与前轴承座之间由前至后依次设置外推力轴承、推力盘、内推力轴承;迷宫式密封设置在叶轮与推力轴承座之间。如此设置,为推力盘提供支撑。Thrust bearing seat, outer thrust bearing, inner thrust bearing, the thrust bearing seat is connected with the front bearing seat, the outer thrust bearing, the thrust disc and the inner thrust bearing are arranged between the thrust bearing seat and the front bearing seat in sequence from front to back; labyrinth seal Set between the impeller and the thrust bearing seat. This arrangement provides support for the thrust disc.
进一步地:所述叶轮、推力盘、主轴三者通过拉伸螺杆同轴连接,经过压缩的空气流经迷宫式密封对推力轴承进行冷却。如此设置,保证三者同轴转动。Further: the impeller, the thrust plate and the main shaft are coaxially connected by the stretching screw, and the compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal to cool the thrust bearing. This setting ensures that the three rotate coaxially.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,隔断套筒前后两端与前轴承座、后轴承座通过密封圈进行密封连接。In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, the front and rear ends of the partition sleeve are sealedly connected with the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat through a sealing ring.
前轴承座和后轴承座的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,隔断套筒的内壁与前轴承座、后轴承座的外壁之间通过密封圈密封。The outer walls of the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat are provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves.
或者,隔断套筒两端的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,隔断套筒的外壁与前轴承座、后轴承座的内壁之间通过密封圈密封。Alternatively, sealing grooves are provided on the outer walls of both ends of the partition sleeve, sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves, and the outer walls of the partition sleeve and the inner walls of the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat are sealed by the sealing rings.
如此设置,采用多样的密封方式,在保证密封性的同时,便于加工、安装及拆卸。In this way, various sealing methods are adopted, which is convenient for processing, installation and disassembly while ensuring the sealing performance.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,隔断套筒为一体制造结构。如此设置,便于加工。In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, the partition sleeve is an integral manufacturing structure. This arrangement is convenient for processing.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,隔断套筒为分体制造结构。如此设置,便于安装及拆卸。In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, the partition sleeve is a separate manufacturing structure. This arrangement facilitates installation and disassembly.
隔断套筒包括前长套筒和后套筒,前长套筒和后套筒密封连接;The partition sleeve includes a front long sleeve and a rear sleeve, and the front long sleeve and the rear sleeve are sealed and connected;
或者,隔断套筒包括前套筒和后长套筒,前套筒和后长套筒密封连接;Or, the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve and a rear long sleeve, and the front sleeve and the rear long sleeve are sealed and connected;
或者,隔断套筒包括前套筒、中部套筒和后套筒,前套筒、中部套筒和后套筒依次密封连接;Or, the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve, a middle sleeve and a rear sleeve, and the front sleeve, the middle sleeve and the rear sleeve are sealed and connected in sequence;
进一步地,中部套筒位于转轴中心部,中部套筒壁厚小于前套筒及后套筒的壁厚。如此设置,增加了热传导性,快速导出热量。Further, the middle sleeve is located at the center of the rotating shaft, and the wall thickness of the middle sleeve is smaller than that of the front sleeve and the rear sleeve. This setting increases thermal conductivity and quickly dissipates heat.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,中部套筒采用无导电性材料,例如:PEEK塑料,POM塑料,PBT塑料,PVC塑料,碳纤维等等,凡是具有防水且无导电性材料均可作为隔断套筒材料,这里不再枚举。In combination with solution 1, in some implementations of solution 1, the middle sleeve is made of non-conductive materials, such as PEEK plastic, POM plastic, PBT plastic, PVC plastic, carbon fiber, etc. All waterproof and non-conductive materials are used. It can be used as the material of the partition sleeve, which will not be enumerated here.
结合方案一,在方案一的某些实现方式中,隔断套筒为中部套筒,中部套筒与前轴承座、后轴承座通过密封圈进行密封连接。如此设置,便于安装及拆卸。相当于将前轴承座与前套筒加工为一体,后轴承座与后套筒加工为一体。In combination with the first solution, in some implementations of the first solution, the partition sleeve is a middle sleeve, and the middle sleeve is sealed with the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat through a sealing ring. This arrangement facilitates installation and disassembly. It is equivalent to processing the front bearing seat and the front sleeve as one, and the rear bearing seat and the rear sleeve as one.
如上做出的实现设计,在不产生互相矛盾的情况下,可以进行组合,构成不同的技术方案。The implementation designs made above can be combined to form different technical solutions without causing conflicts.
方案二:根据发明的另一个方面,还提供一种燃料电池系统,包括方案一所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机。Solution 2: According to another aspect of the invention, a fuel cell system is further provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in solution 1.
方案三:根据本发明的又一个方面,提供一种车辆,包括方案一所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机或方案二所述的燃料电池系统。Solution 3: According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in solution 1 or the fuel cell system described in solution 2.
本发明所达到的效果为:The effect achieved by the present invention is:
其一:本发明的叶轮后侧布置推力盘,采用隔断套筒把电机定子和电机轴系部件隔断,然后从电机外壳部位,设置液体流入和流出接口通道,达到定子完全沉浸入液体并将电机大部分热量带走,液体的比热容远远大于空气,需要的冷却流量小,提高系统效率,远离叶轮端不布置同轴冷却风扇,并保证在极端外部环境下,比如沙漠高温干燥地带,能达到降低电机内部温度,保证电机正常运行的效果;One: The thrust plate is arranged on the rear side of the impeller of the present invention, and the motor stator and the motor shafting components are separated by a partition sleeve, and then the liquid inflow and outflow interface channels are set from the motor shell part, so that the stator is completely immersed in the liquid and the motor is completely immersed. Most of the heat is taken away, the specific heat capacity of the liquid is much larger than that of the air, the required cooling flow is small, the system efficiency is improved, and the coaxial cooling fan is not arranged away from the impeller end, and it can be guaranteed in extreme external environments, such as desert high temperature and dry areas, can reach Reduce the internal temperature of the motor to ensure the normal operation of the motor;
其二:电机的轴系冷却,一方面由空气流经带走热量,一方面由金属的热传导和对流散热,因为定子和金属套筒温度比其他部分低很多,大部分转子和机械部件的温度也会降低,可以完全放弃空气冷却风扇,形成极好的散热效果。Second: the shaft system of the motor is cooled, on the one hand, the heat is taken away by the air flowing through it, and on the other hand, it is dissipated by the heat conduction and convection of the metal, because the temperature of the stator and the metal sleeve is much lower than that of other parts, and the temperature of most rotors and mechanical parts is It will also be lowered, and the air cooling fan can be completely abandoned, resulting in an excellent heat dissipation effect.
其三:现有技术中压缩机体积越小,功率越小,冷却能力越差,而本发明的压缩机在保证冷却效果的前提下,结构紧凑,可以达到15万转/分钟,体积仅为手掌大小,典型外形尺寸长*宽*高为200*150*160,单位为mm。Third: in the prior art, the smaller the volume of the compressor, the smaller the power, the worse the cooling capacity, while the compressor of the present invention has a compact structure under the premise of ensuring the cooling effect, which can reach 150,000 rpm, and the volume is only The size of the palm of the hand, the typical size of the length * width * height is 200 * 150 * 160, the unit is mm.
其四:本发明在极端工作状态下,径向轴承和推力轴承均产生大约于正常工作的200%-300%的热量下(可视为极端恶劣工作条件),保持电机正常功率输出(12-16kw)和转子正常工作转速(120,000-150,000 rpm)下,仿真计算结果验证了本发明的冷却方式保证了电机内部温度的分布均在行业已知的正常温度范围,从而确保了电机的正常工作和设计寿命。Fourth: Under the extreme working condition of the present invention, both the radial bearing and the thrust bearing generate about 200%-300% of the heat of normal working (which can be regarded as extremely bad working conditions), so as to maintain the normal power output of the motor (12- 16kw) and the normal working speed of the rotor (120,000-150,000 rpm), the simulation calculation results verify that the cooling method of the present invention ensures that the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is within the normal temperature range known in the industry, thereby ensuring the normal operation and operation of the motor. Design life.
图1为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的装配图;1 is an assembly drawing of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell of the present invention;
图2为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的定子完全浸泡状态图;Fig. 2 is a state diagram of a fully immersed stator of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图3为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的空气冷却流向示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of the air cooling flow of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图4为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的隔断套筒与前轴承座、后轴承座第一种密封连接关系图;4 is a diagram showing the first sealing connection relationship between the partition sleeve, the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图5为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的隔断套筒与前轴承座、后轴承座第二种密封连接关系图;5 is a diagram showing the second type of sealing connection relationship between the partition sleeve, the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图6为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的三段式分体隔断套筒示意图;FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图7为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的两段式分体隔断套筒示意图(前短后长);7 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (short in the front and long in the back);
图8为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的两段式分体隔断套筒示意图(前长后短);Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage split partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (the front is long and the back is short);
图9为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的一体式隔断套筒示意图;FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an integrated partition sleeve of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图10为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的隔断套筒与定子位置关系图;Fig. 10 is a positional relationship diagram of a partition sleeve and a stator of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
图11为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的温度分布图(不含叶轮及蜗壳);Fig. 11 is a temperature distribution diagram of a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to the present invention (excluding impeller and volute);
图12为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的空气冷却流道的温度和压力分布;12 is the temperature and pressure distribution of the air cooling channel of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell of the present invention;
图13为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的外形尺寸图(主视图);Fig. 13 is an external dimension drawing (front view) of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell of the present invention;
图14为本发明的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机的外形尺寸图(侧视图)。Fig. 14 is an external dimension drawing (side view) of a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
图中:1-支座;2-后径向轴承;3-定子;4-外壳;5-前径向轴承;6-前轴承座;7-螺栓;8-蜗壳;9-迷宫式密封;10-进气口;11-拉伸螺杆;12-叶轮;13-推力轴承座;14-扩压器;15-排气口;16-外推力轴承;17-推力盘;18-内推力轴承;19-进液口;20-主轴;21-排液口;22-后套筒;23-后轴承座;24-后盖;25-中部套筒;26-前套筒;27-前长套筒;28-后长套筒。In the figure: 1-support; 2-rear radial bearing; 3-stator; 4-housing; 5-front radial bearing; 6-front bearing seat; 7-bolt; 8-volute; 9-labyrinth seal ;10-air inlet; 11-stretching screw; 12-impeller; 13-thrust bearing seat; 14-diffuser; 15-exhaust port; 16-external thrust bearing; 17-thrust disc; 18-internal thrust Bearing; 19-liquid inlet; 20-main shaft; 21-liquid outlet; 22-rear sleeve; 23-rear bearing seat; 24-rear cover; 25-middle sleeve; 26-front sleeve; 27-front Long Sleeve; 28 - Rear Long Sleeve.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only The embodiments are part of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
需要说明的是,本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本申请的实施例。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those expressly listed Rather, those steps or units may include other steps or units not expressly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
在本申请中,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“中”、“外”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系。这些术语主要是为了更好地描述本申请及其实施例,并非用于限定所指示的装置、元件或组成部分必须具有特定方位,或以特定方位进行构造和操作。In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings relation. These terms are primarily used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the fact that the indicated device, element, or component must have a particular orientation, or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
并且,上述部分术语除了可以用于表示方位或位置关系以外,还可能用于表示其他含义,例如术语“上”在某些情况下也可能用于表示某种依附关系或连接关系。对于本领域普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解这些术语在本申请中的具体含义。In addition, some of the above-mentioned terms may be used to express other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain attachment or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.
此外,术语“设置”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解。例如,“连接”可以是固定连接,可拆卸连接,或整体式构造;可以是机械连接,或电连接;可以是直接相连,或者是通过中间媒介间接相连,又或者是两个装置、元件或组成部分之间内部的连通。对于本领域普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。Furthermore, the terms "arranged", "connected", "fixed" should be construed broadly. For example, "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; it may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or two devices, elements or Internal connectivity between components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
下面根据附图详细阐述本发明优选的实施例。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1:参见图1、2、3、4、6、10,本实施例的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机包括:Embodiment 1: Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10, a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell in this embodiment includes:
支座1、后径向轴承2、定子3、外壳4、前径向轴承5、前轴承座6、蜗壳8、迷宫式密封9、拉伸螺杆11、叶轮12、推力轴承座13、扩压器14、外推力轴承16、推力盘17、内推力轴承18、主轴20、后轴承座23、后盖24和隔断套筒,隔断套筒为三段式分体结构,包括前套筒26、中部套筒25和后套筒22;Support 1, rear radial bearing 2, stator 3, housing 4, front radial bearing 5, front bearing seat 6, volute 8, labyrinth seal 9, tension screw 11, impeller 12, thrust bearing seat 13, expansion Presser 14, outer thrust bearing 16, thrust disc 17, inner thrust bearing 18, main shaft 20, rear bearing seat 23, rear cover 24 and partition sleeve, the partition sleeve is a three-section split structure, including the front sleeve 26 , the middle sleeve 25 and the rear sleeve 22;
所述外壳4设置在支座1上,外壳4上设置有进液口19和排液口21,进液口19和排液口21处连接有管接头;The casing 4 is arranged on the support 1, and the casing 4 is provided with a liquid inlet 19 and a liquid discharge port 21, and a pipe joint is connected to the liquid inlet 19 and the liquid discharge port 21;
所述前轴承座6通过螺栓固定安装在外壳4的前端,且所述前轴承座6的外壁与外壳4的前端内壁间通过密封圈实现密封安装,所述后轴承座23通过螺栓固定安装在外壳4的后端,且所述后轴承座23的外壁与外壳4的后端内壁间通过密封圈实现密封安装;所述主轴20前端通过前径向轴承5与前轴承座6连接,主轴20后端通过后径向轴承2与后轴承座23连接,后轴承座23上固定安装有后盖24;所述定子3固定安装在外壳4内壁上,主轴20穿插在定子3内腔中自由转动;The front bearing seat 6 is fixedly installed on the front end of the housing 4 by bolts, and the sealing ring is used between the outer wall of the front bearing seat 6 and the inner wall of the front end of the housing 4 to achieve sealing installation, and the rear bearing seat 23 is fixedly installed by bolts. The rear end of the casing 4, and the outer wall of the rear bearing seat 23 and the inner wall of the rear end of the casing 4 are sealed and installed through a sealing ring; the front end of the main shaft 20 is connected to the front bearing seat 6 through the front radial bearing 5, and the main shaft 20 The rear end is connected with the rear bearing seat 23 through the rear radial bearing 2, and the rear cover 24 is fixedly installed on the rear bearing seat 23; the stator 3 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the casing 4, and the main shaft 20 is inserted into the inner cavity of the stator 3 to rotate freely ;
所述外壳4的前端与蜗壳8通过螺栓7固定连接,扩压器14设置于外壳4靠近叶轮12一侧,蜗壳8上设置有进气口10和排气口15;叶轮12置于蜗壳8内,所述推力轴承座13与前轴承座6通过螺栓实现紧固连接,推力轴承座13与前轴承座6之间由前至后依次设置外推力轴承16、推力盘17、内推力轴承18;叶轮12、推力盘17、主轴20三者通过拉伸螺杆11同轴连接;迷宫式密封9设置在叶轮12与推力轴承座13之间,并固定安装在推力轴承座13上,经过压缩的空气流经迷宫式密封9对推力轴承及主轴20进行冷却;The front end of the casing 4 and the volute 8 are fixedly connected by bolts 7, the diffuser 14 is arranged on the side of the casing 4 close to the impeller 12, and the volute 8 is provided with an air inlet 10 and an exhaust port 15; In the volute 8, the thrust bearing seat 13 and the front bearing seat 6 are fastened by bolts, and the outer thrust bearing 16, the thrust plate 17, the inner thrust bearing seat 13 and the front bearing seat 6 are arranged in sequence from front to back. The thrust bearing 18; the impeller 12, the thrust disc 17, and the main shaft 20 are coaxially connected by the stretching screw 11; the labyrinth seal 9 is arranged between the impeller 12 and the thrust bearing seat 13, and is fixedly installed on the thrust bearing seat 13, The compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal 9 to cool the thrust bearing and the main shaft 20;
隔断套筒设置在主轴20与定子3之间,将定子3和主轴20密闭隔断,冷却液体在外壳4与隔断套筒之间流动,将定子3完全沉浸在冷却液体内,所述冷却液体为乙二醇;具体地,前套筒26、中部套筒25和后套筒22依次密封连接;中部套筒位于转轴中心部,中部套筒正对永磁体设置,中部套筒壁厚小于前套筒及后套筒的壁厚;中部套筒采用PEEK塑料制成,前轴承座6和后轴承座23的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,前套筒26的内壁与前轴承座6的外壁之间通过密封圈密封安装,后套筒22的内壁与后轴承座23的外壁之间通过密封圈密封安装,前套筒26的后端和后套筒22的前端分别胶黏密封在中部套筒25的外壁上。The partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft 20 and the stator 3, and the stator 3 and the main shaft 20 are sealed and separated, and the cooling liquid flows between the casing 4 and the partition sleeve, and the stator 3 is completely immersed in the cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is: Ethylene glycol; specifically, the front sleeve 26, the middle sleeve 25 and the rear sleeve 22 are sealed and connected in sequence; the middle sleeve is located in the center of the rotating shaft, the middle sleeve is facing the permanent magnet, and the wall thickness of the middle sleeve is smaller than the front sleeve The wall thickness of the barrel and the rear sleeve; the middle sleeve is made of PEEK plastic, the outer walls of the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23 are provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves, and the inner wall of the front sleeve 26 is connected to the front The outer wall of the bearing seat 6 is sealed and installed by a sealing ring, the inner wall of the rear sleeve 22 and the outer wall of the rear bearing seat 23 are sealed and installed by a sealing ring, and the rear end of the front sleeve 26 and the front end of the rear sleeve 22 are respectively glued. It is glued and sealed on the outer wall of the middle sleeve 25 .
实施例2:与实施例1的不同在于,隔断套筒与前轴承座6和后轴承座23的密封方式;具体为:前套筒26和后套筒22的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,前套筒26的外壁与前轴承座6的内壁之间通过密封圈密封安装,后套筒22的外壁与后轴承座23的内壁之间通过密封圈密封安装。具体参见图5。Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 lies in the sealing method between the partition sleeve and the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23; A sealing ring is arranged in the groove, the outer wall of the front sleeve 26 and the inner wall of the front bearing seat 6 are sealed and installed by the sealing ring, and the outer wall of the rear sleeve 22 and the inner wall of the rear bearing seat 23 are sealed and installed by the sealing ring. See Figure 5 for details.
实施例3:与实施例1或实施例2的不同在于,隔断套筒采用一体制造结构,隔断套筒的两端与前轴承座6和后轴承座23密封安装。具体参见图9。Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts an integrated manufacturing structure, and both ends of the partition sleeve are sealed and installed with the front bearing seat 6 and the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 9 for details.
实施例4:与实施例1或实施例2的不同在于,隔断套筒采用两段式分体结构,具体为:隔断套筒包括密封连接的前长套筒27和后套筒22,前长套筒27与前轴承座6密封安装,后套筒22与后轴承座23密封安装。具体参见图8。Embodiment 4: The difference from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts a two-section split structure, specifically: the partition sleeve includes a front long sleeve 27 and a rear sleeve 22 that are sealed and connected, and the front long sleeve 27 and the rear sleeve 22 are sealed. The sleeve 27 is sealed with the front bearing seat 6 , and the rear sleeve 22 is sealed with the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 8 for details.
实施例5:与实施例1或实施例2的不同在于,隔断套筒采用两段式分体结构,具体为:隔断套筒包括密封连接的前套筒26和后长套筒28,前套筒26与前轴承座6密封安装,后长套筒28与后轴承座23密封安装。具体参见图7。Example 5: The difference from Example 1 or Example 2 is that the partition sleeve adopts a two-section split structure, specifically: the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve 26 and a rear long sleeve 28 that are sealed and connected, and the front sleeve The barrel 26 is sealed with the front bearing seat 6 , and the rear long sleeve 28 is sealed with the rear bearing seat 23 . See Figure 7 for details.
实施例6:与上述实施例1的不同在于,中部套筒25采用POM塑料制成。Embodiment 6: The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of POM plastic.
实施例7:与上述实施例1的不同在于,中部套筒25采用PBT塑料制成。Embodiment 7: The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of PBT plastic.
实施例8:与上述实施例1的不同在于,中部套筒25采用PVC塑料制成。Embodiment 8: The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of PVC plastic.
实施例9:与上述实施例1的不同在于,中部套筒25采用碳纤维制成。Embodiment 9: The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the middle sleeve 25 is made of carbon fiber.
实施例10:与上述实施例1的不同在于,冷却液体为乙二醇和水的混合液。Example 10: The difference from Example 1 above is that the cooling liquid is a mixed liquid of ethylene glycol and water.
实施例11:与上述实施例1的不同在于,冷却液体为油。Example 11: The difference from Example 1 above is that the cooling liquid is oil.
如上做出的实施例1-11,在不产生互相矛盾的情况下,可以进行组合,构成不同的实施方案。The Examples 1-11 made above can be combined to form different embodiments under the condition that there is no conflict with each other.
实施例12:本实施例还提供一种燃料电池系统,包括实施例1-11任一所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机。Embodiment 12: This embodiment further provides a fuel cell system, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-11.
实施例13:本实施例又一个方面,提供一种车辆,包括实施例1-11任一所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机或实施例12所述的燃料电池系统。Embodiment 13: In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a vehicle is provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-11 or the fuel cell system described in Embodiment 12.
本发明的冷却仿真试验如下:The cooling simulation test of the present invention is as follows:
1、材料特征1. Material characteristics
表1为材料特性列表Table 1 is a list of material properties
2、电机冷却条件如下:2. The motor cooling conditions are as follows:
乙二醇( Ethylene glycol )冷却流道: 湍流(turbulent flow)
Ethylene glycol cooling channel : turbulent flow
密度在20ºC时: 1114 kg/m
3
Density at 20ºC: 1114 kg/m 3
导热系数: 0.256 W/m.KThermal conductivity: 0.256 W/m.K
比热容: 2433 J/kg.KSpecific heat capacity: 2433 J/kg.K
黏度: 18.376 cP;Viscosity: 18.376 cP;
流体入口压力: (101325 + 32022) PaFluid Inlet Pressure: (101325 + 32022) Pa
流体入口质量流量: 0.1 kg/sFluid inlet mass flow: 0.1 kg/s
体积流量: 0.1/1114=9e-5m
3/s
Volume flow: 0.1/1114=9e-5m 3 /s
流体入口停滞温度: 45ºCFluid inlet stagnation temperature: 45ºC
流体出口压力: 101325 PaFluid outlet pressure: 101325 Pa
流体需要的泵功率: 9e-5*32022=2.87W;The pump power required by the fluid: 9e-5*32022=2.87W;
转子转速: 120,000-150,000 rpm (转/分钟)
Rotor Speed : 120,000-150,000 rpm (rev/min)
电机输出功率范围: 12-16 kw
Motor output power range : 12-16 kw
空气冷却流道: 湍流(turbulent flow)
Air cooling channel : turbulent flow
入口空气停滞温度: 140ºCInlet air stagnation temperature: 140ºC
出口压力: 86000 Pa;Outlet pressure: 86000 Pa;
3、热量分析计算结果,参见如11和12;3. For the calculation results of thermal analysis, see 11 and 12;
乙二醇出口停滞温度: 51.03ºCGlycol outlet stagnation temperature: 51.03ºC
空气出口停滞温度: 137.7ºCAir outlet stagnation temperature: 137.7ºC
按体积平均的转子温度: 164.4ºCAverage rotor temperature by volume: 164.4ºC
按体积平均的永磁体温度: 145.2 ºCVolume-averaged permanent magnet temperature: 145.2 ºC
按体积平均的定子叠片温度: 69.8ºCAverage stator lamination temperature by volume: 69.8ºC
按面积平均的定子叠片外径温度: 75.34 ºCAverage stator lamination outside diameter temperature by area: 75.34 ºC
按体积平均的定子齿和铜绕组温度: 64.2ºC;Average stator tooth and copper winding temperature by volume: 64.2ºC;
表 2: 按面积平均的表压压力和温度(图12上1234各位置)Table 2: Gauge Pressure and Temperature Averaged by Area (Locations 1234 on Figure 12)
11 | 22 | 33 | 44 | |
温度 (°C)Temperature (°C) | 173.9173.9 | 159.4159.4 | 177177 | 128.4128.4 |
表压压力(Pa)Gauge pressure (Pa) | 2500525005 | 22095.722095.7 | 1242912429 | 6514.36514.3 |
仿真计算结果的总结:A summary of the simulation results:
通过设定输入条件建模,在径向轴承和推力轴承均产生大约于正常工作的200%-300%的热量下(可视为极端恶劣工作条件),保持电机正常功率输出(12-16kw)和转子正常工作转速(120,000-150,000 rpm)下,仿真计算结果验证了本发明的冷却方式保证了电机内部温度的分布均在行业已知的正常温度范围,从而确保了电机的正常工作和设计寿命。采用现有技术中的电机结构设计的冷却方式,在同样冷却输入条件下(主要是液体和空气的进出口流量和温度,并在远离叶轮侧无冷却风扇条件下),电机内部温度的分布均无法达到行业已知的正常温度范围, 电机处于高温状态,无法正常工作,使用寿命也远远达不到设计寿命,亦然无法与本发明的冷却效果相比拟。By modeling the input conditions, the normal power output (12-16kw) of the motor is maintained under the condition that both the radial bearing and the thrust bearing generate about 200%-300% of the heat of normal operation (which can be regarded as extremely harsh working conditions) Under the normal working speed of the rotor (120,000-150,000 rpm), the simulation calculation results verify that the cooling method of the present invention ensures that the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is within the normal temperature range known in the industry, thereby ensuring the normal operation and design life of the motor. . Using the cooling method of the motor structure design in the prior art, under the same cooling input conditions (mainly the inlet and outlet flow and temperature of liquid and air, and without a cooling fan on the side away from the impeller), the distribution of the internal temperature of the motor is uniform. The normal temperature range known in the industry cannot be reached, the motor is in a high temperature state and cannot work normally, and the service life is far from the design life, and it cannot be compared with the cooling effect of the present invention.
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照上述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the above embodiments can still be used for The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (14)
- 一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于,包括:A high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells, comprising:外壳(4),外壳(4)上设置有进液口(19)和排液口(21);the shell (4), the shell (4) is provided with a liquid inlet (19) and a liquid discharge port (21);定子(3)、主轴(20),设置在所述外壳(4)内,主轴(20)穿插在定子(3)内腔中自由转动;The stator (3) and the main shaft (20) are arranged in the casing (4), and the main shaft (20) is inserted into the inner cavity of the stator (3) to rotate freely;叶轮(12)、蜗壳(8),蜗壳(8)与外壳(4)连接,叶轮(12)置于蜗壳(8)内并与所述主轴(20)前端连接;The impeller (12), the volute (8), the volute (8) is connected with the outer casing (4), and the impeller (12) is placed in the volute (8) and connected to the front end of the main shaft (20);迷宫式密封(9)、推力盘(17),推力盘(17)置于叶轮(12)后侧,迷宫式密封(9)置于叶轮(12)外缘后侧,经过压缩的空气流经迷宫式密封(9)对主轴(20)进行冷却;Labyrinth seal (9), thrust disc (17), thrust disc (17) is placed on the back side of impeller (12), labyrinth seal (9) is placed on the back side of the outer edge of impeller (12), and the compressed air flows through The labyrinth seal (9) cools the main shaft (20);扩压器(14),设置于外壳(4)靠近叶轮(12)一侧;The diffuser (14) is arranged on the side of the casing (4) close to the impeller (12);隔断套筒,设置在主轴(20)与定子(3)之间,将定子(3)和主轴(20)密闭隔断,冷却液体在外壳(4)与隔断套筒之间流动,将定子(3)完全沉浸在冷却液体内。The partition sleeve is arranged between the main shaft (20) and the stator (3), and seals off the stator (3) and the main shaft (20), the cooling liquid flows between the casing (4) and the partition sleeve, and the stator (3) ) is completely immersed in the cooling liquid.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:所述冷却液体为乙二醇,乙二醇和水的混合液,去离子水或者油。The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, deionized water or oil.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:所述主轴(20)的直径为20mm。The high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the main shaft (20) is 20 mm.
- 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:还包括主轴支撑部件,A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 3, further comprising a main shaft support member,前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)、后径向轴承(2)、前径向轴承(5),所述前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)密封安装在外壳(4)的前后端,所述主轴(20)前端通过前径向轴承(5)与前轴承座(6)连接,主轴后端通过后径向轴承(2)与后轴承座(23)连接。The front bearing seat (6), the rear bearing seat (23), the rear radial bearing (2), the front radial bearing (5), the front bearing seat (6) and the rear bearing seat (23) are sealed and installed in the housing ( 4) The front end of the main shaft (20) is connected to the front bearing seat (6) through the front radial bearing (5), and the rear end of the main shaft is connected to the rear bearing seat (23) through the rear radial bearing (2).
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:还包括推力盘支撑部件,The high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 4, further comprising a thrust plate support member,推力轴承座(13)、外推力轴承(16)、内推力轴承(18),推力轴承座(13)与前轴承座(6)连接,推力轴承座(13)与前轴承座(6)之间由前至后依次设置外推力轴承(16)、推力盘(17)、内推力轴承(18),迷宫式密封(9)设置在叶轮(12)与推力轴承座(13)之间;所述叶轮(12)、推力盘(17)、主轴(20)三者通过拉伸螺杆(11)同轴连接,经过压缩的空气流经迷宫式密封(9)对推力轴承进行冷却。Thrust bearing seat (13), outer thrust bearing (16), inner thrust bearing (18), the thrust bearing seat (13) is connected with the front bearing seat (6), and the thrust bearing seat (13) is connected with the front bearing seat (6). The outer thrust bearing (16), the thrust disc (17) and the inner thrust bearing (18) are arranged in sequence from front to back, and the labyrinth seal (9) is arranged between the impeller (12) and the thrust bearing seat (13); The impeller (12), the thrust disc (17), and the main shaft (20) are coaxially connected by the stretching screw (11), and the compressed air flows through the labyrinth seal (9) to cool the thrust bearing.
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:隔断套筒前后两端与前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)通过密封圈进行密封连接。The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells according to claim 5, wherein the front and rear ends of the partition sleeve are sealed with the front bearing seat (6) and the rear bearing seat (23) through sealing rings.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:前轴承座(6)和后轴承座(23)的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,隔断套筒的内壁与前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)的外壁之间通过密封圈密封。A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that a sealing groove is formed on the outer walls of the front bearing seat (6) and the rear bearing seat (23), and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, Sealing rings are used between the inner wall of the partition sleeve and the outer walls of the front bearing seat (6) and the rear bearing seat (23).
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:隔断套筒两端的外壁上开设有密封槽,密封槽内设置密封圈,隔断套筒的外壁与前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)的内壁之间通过密封圈密封。A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: the outer walls of the two ends of the partition sleeve are provided with sealing grooves, the sealing grooves are provided with sealing rings, and the outer walls of the partition sleeve and the front bearing seat are provided with sealing grooves. (6) The inner walls of the rear bearing seat (23) are sealed by a sealing ring.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:隔断套筒为一体制造结构;The high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the partition sleeve is an integral manufacturing structure;隔断套筒为中部套筒(25),中部套筒(25)与前轴承座(6)、后轴承座(23)通过密封圈进行密封连接。The partition sleeve is a middle sleeve (25), and the middle sleeve (25) is sealedly connected with the front bearing seat (6) and the rear bearing seat (23) through a sealing ring.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:隔断套筒为分体制造结构;The high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the partition sleeve is a separate manufacturing structure;隔断套筒包括前长套筒(27)和后套筒(22),前长套筒(27)和后套筒(22)密封连接;The partition sleeve includes a front long sleeve (27) and a rear sleeve (22), and the front long sleeve (27) and the rear sleeve (22) are sealedly connected;或者,隔断套筒包括前套筒(26)和后长套筒(28),前套筒(26)和后长套筒(28)密封连接;Or, the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve (26) and a rear long sleeve (28), and the front sleeve (26) and the rear long sleeve (28) are in a sealed connection;或者,隔断套筒包括前套筒(26)、中部套筒(25)和后套筒(22),前套筒(26)、中部套筒(25)和后套筒(22)依次密封连接;中部套筒(25)位于转轴中心部,中部套筒(25)壁厚小于前套筒(26)及后套筒(22)的壁厚。Alternatively, the partition sleeve includes a front sleeve (26), a middle sleeve (25) and a rear sleeve (22), and the front sleeve (26), the middle sleeve (25) and the rear sleeve (22) are sealed and connected in sequence ; The middle sleeve (25) is located in the center of the rotating shaft, and the wall thickness of the middle sleeve (25) is smaller than that of the front sleeve (26) and the rear sleeve (22).
- 根据权利要求10所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:中部套筒(25)采用无导电性材料。A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 10, characterized in that the middle sleeve (25) is made of non-conductive material.
- 根据权利要求11所述的一种燃料电池用高速空气悬浮压缩机,其特征在于:中部套筒(25)采用PEEK塑料,POM塑料,PBT塑料,PVC塑料,碳纤维制成。A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: the middle sleeve (25) is made of PEEK plastic, POM plastic, PBT plastic, PVC plastic, and carbon fiber.
- 一种燃料电池系统,包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机。A fuel cell system comprising the high-speed air suspension compressor according to any one of claims 1-12.
- 一种车辆,包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的高速空气悬浮压缩机或如权利要求13所述的燃料电池系统。A vehicle comprising the high-speed air suspension compressor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 or the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 13 .
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- 2022-01-12 KR KR1020237025889A patent/KR20230125057A/en unknown
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CN115479035A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-16 | 上海优社动力科技有限公司 | Air sealing device and air compressor |
CN115479035B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-08-15 | 上海优社动力科技有限公司 | Air sealing device and air compressor |
WO2024195977A1 (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2024-09-26 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Air compressor |
CN117855517A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏新世纪机车科技有限公司 | Fuel cell protection equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN112814935A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
KR20230125057A (en) | 2023-08-28 |
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