WO2023082464A1

WO2023082464A1 - High-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cell having closed stator, and fuel cell system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023082464A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/071523
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李志远; 赵振
Original assignee: 海南极锐浩瀚动力系统科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-11-12
Filing date: 2022-01-12
Publication date: 2023-05-19
Also published as: CN114017365A

Abstract

A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell having a closed stator, and a fuel cell system and a vehicle. An electric motor stator (5) is a closed stator, and resin or metal caps are used on two sides thereof to close an end coil; a cooling sleeve (19) is in interference fit between an outer wall of the electric motor stator (5) and an inner wall of an electric motor housing (4), and a cooling channel (19-1) is in communication with a cooling-liquid inlet (18) and a cooling-liquid outlet (20); a thrust disc (13) is arranged in the middle of an air suspension thrust bearing assembly and is fixed to an electric motor rotor (6) on a rear side of an impeller (10), and a steam sealing body (15) is arranged on an outer edge of a back plate of the impeller (10); and a cooling fan (23) is fixed at a rear end of the electric motor rotor (6), the electric motor rotor (6) drives the cooling fan (23) to feed air into an inner cavity of the electric motor stator (5), and the air is discharged through an air outlet (7). Cooling liquid flows through the cooling channel (19-1) to take away heat of the electric motor stator (5), and the electric motor rotor (6) is cooled by means of air flowing through a gap between the electric motor stator (5) and the electric motor rotor (6), such that the normal operation of an electric motor under extreme conditions is ensured by means of the cooperation of the two cooling means.

Description

High-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cell with hermetic stator, fuel cell system and vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to a fuel cell compressor, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, in particular to a fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, belonging to a hydrogen fuel cell electric drive air compressor technology field.

Background technique

In terms of new energy, vehicles powered by hydrogen fuel cells have high power performance, fast hydrogen refueling, and long cruising range, which is the most strategic breakthrough for new energy vehicles in the 21st century. The hydrogen fuel cell directly outputs electric energy through the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The power density of the hydrogen fuel cell is directly related to the air supply pressure and air flow rate of the air supply system. The high air supply pressure and high oxygen partial pressure will accelerate the reaction speed of the fuel cell and output Increased power.

In the fuel cell stack application, the air compressor is used to output compressed air to the stack for hydrogen-oxygen reaction to generate electricity. The common technical solution in the prior art is to use air to cool the motor stator, which has an unsatisfactory cooling effect; or to use liquid to cool the motor stator, and arrange cooling channels inside the motor housing to cool the motor housing to achieve the effect of cooling the motor stator. In the prior art, air cooling is also used to cool the rotor, and liquid cooling is used to cool the stator, but the structural design is different, and the compressor volute is used to pump air to cool the rotor, but the air temperature after compression is relatively high, and the cooling effect is not good. The pumping temperature is high. After it is used to cool the air bearing, the temperature continues to rise and continues to be used to cool the motor rotor. The cooling capacity that can be generated is obviously insufficient; there are also cases where the pumping air flows through the motor casing first, and the pumping capacity is reduced by the liquid cooling capacity. The air temperature is introduced into the motor to cool the rotor of the motor. It is necessary to consider the length of the cooling channel of the motor shell, whether the cooling channel is as close as possible to the motor stator, and at the same time, whether it can sufficiently cool the coils on both sides of the motor stator and other specific implementation issues. , the cooling effect is not obvious; if the cooling air volume is increased, it will cause power consumption, and at the same time, the discharge of a large amount of heated air will cause heat accumulation in the external environment of the air compressor.

Air compressors are used in fuel cells. Due to the size and weight requirements of automotive components, the design of air compressors should maximize energy density and reduce their own volume and weight. Therefore, the motor design is compact and the speed is high (over 100,000 rpm ), the wind loss in the gap between the stator and the rotor is high (proportional to the speed), and it brings the hidden danger of motor overheating; the traditional water cooling is usually used to cool the motor stator, which is to arrange cooling channels in the motor housing, The heat of the stator is taken away by metal heat transfer. This cooling also has a problem that the two sides of the stator cannot be well cooled.

Existing technology 1, the announcement number is CN 213953927 U, and the announcement date is 2021.08.13. In the patent of the invention titled centrifugal compressor, from the view of the air cooling channel, the design uses an external pressurized air source to flow vertically to the thrust bearing The circumferential surface of the outer diameter of the thrust disc, when the thrust disc rotates at high speed, the airflow vertically rushes to the circumferential surface of the outer diameter of the thrust disc, which will bring unstable factors to the working state of the thrust bearing. On the basis of axial thrust, the effect of one-way axial thrust is increased or worsened. It discloses two-stage compression and single-stage compression in the patent specification. There are two-stage compression of impellers on both sides, and the left and right bearing thrusts cancel each other out. Simply remove one side of the impeller and change to a single-stage compression design, but do not consider the disadvantages of increased axial thrust brought about by this change, there will be great instability in the operation of the air foil bearing, and there will be wear and burns Thrust bearings cause hidden dangers of damage to the internal structure of the motor. In addition, the single-stage design of the patent, the air intake position is near the back plate of the impeller, close to the position of the thrust plate, the temperature at this position is relatively high, after the air flow enters, a part of the air flow is heated and at the same time, it has to flow from the impeller side through the rotor to reach the distance away from the impeller. The back of the motor of the impeller continues to cool the radial flow air bearing here, and then enters the channel of the motor outer shell at the tail end, and is discharged after being cooled. First of all, there is a hidden danger of insufficient cooling of the rotor and the radial bearing on the side away from the impeller. At the same time, the flow channel It is designed to pass through the motor from the impeller end to the tail end, make a radial flow from the tail end to the outer shell, and then pass through the motor outer shell from the end of the outer shell all the way back to the impeller side for discharge. The flow channel design is complicated and cannot be guaranteed The smooth gradient reduction of the pressure has problems in ensuring the flow rate and flow rate.

Existing technology 2, the announcement number is CN 213717784 U, the announcement date is 2021.07.16, the invention name is a patent for the cooling system of a two-stage air suspension centrifugal permanent magnet motor direct drive air compressor, the liquid cooling of the stator The channel is placed on the outermost side of the motor housing, and a channel for cooling air is added in the middle (the recovered air is cooled and discharged), resulting in a serious shortage of cooling capacity for the stator and stator coils: the cooling of the stator is the most important design of high-speed motors, This design does not distinguish between primary and secondary, the motor cannot run for a long time, especially when the external environment temperature is high and the conditions are harsh, there are great hidden dangers, and the life of the motor is obviously affected.

Based on the above, it is necessary to improve the cooling method and structure of the compressor to overcome the problems of low compressor speed and unsatisfactory cooling effect in the prior art.

It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the present invention, and should not be considered as an acknowledgment or in any form to imply that the information constitutes knowledge already known to those skilled in the art. current technology.

发明内容Contents of the invention the

In view of the above facts, the object of the present invention is to solve the problems of low speed and poor cooling effect of existing compressors, and further design a high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator, a fuel cell system and a vehicle.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

Option 1: A high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator, including:

The motor casing, the motor casing is provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, and the front end of the motor casing is processed with an air outlet;

The motor stator and the motor rotor are arranged in the motor casing, and the motor rotor is interspersed in the inner cavity of the motor stator to rotate freely. The front and rear ends of the motor rotor are connected to the motor casing through an air suspension bearing assembly, and the motor stator is a closed stator. The end coils are closed with resin or metal caps on both sides of the motor stator;

The cooling sleeve is installed between the outer wall of the motor stator and the inner wall of the motor housing with an interference fit, and a cooling channel is processed on the outer wall of the cooling sleeve, and the cooling channel communicates with the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet;

Volute, impeller, the impeller is placed in the volute, the root of the impeller is tightly fastened with the thrust disc, and the impeller is fixed at the front end of the motor rotor;

The steam seal body and the thrust plate, the thrust plate is set in the middle of the air suspension thrust bearing assembly, fixed on the motor rotor on the rear side of the impeller, and the steam seal body is placed on the outer edge of the impeller back plate;

A cooling fan, the cooling fan is fixed at the rear end of the motor rotor, and the motor rotor drives the cooling fan to send wind into the inner cavity of the motor stator and discharge it from the air outlet.

In combination with Solution 1, in some implementations of Solution 1, the air suspension bearing assembly includes a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat, a rear air suspension radial bearing, a front air suspension radial bearing, the front bearing seat, the rear bearing seat Sealed and installed at the front and rear ends of the motor casing, the front end of the motor rotor is connected to the front bearing seat through the front air-suspension radial bearing, and the rear end of the motor rotor is connected to the rear bearing seat through the rear air-suspension radial bearing. The air channel, through which the cooling fan sends wind into the inner cavity of the motor stator.

In combination with Solution 1, in some implementations of Solution 1, the high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator also includes a motor rear cover, and the cooling fan is encapsulated in the rear bearing housing through the motor rear cover.

In combination with Solution 1, in some implementations of Solution 1, the cooling fan is fixed to the rear end of the motor rotor through rear tension bolts.

Combined with Scheme 1, in some implementations of Scheme 1, the air suspension thrust bearing assembly includes a thrust bearing seat, an outer thrust bearing, and an inner thrust bearing, the thrust bearing seat is connected to the front bearing seat, and the space between the thrust bearing seat and the front bearing seat The outer thrust bearing, thrust disc, and inner thrust bearing are arranged in sequence from front to back, and the steam seal is arranged between the impeller and the thrust bearing seat; the impeller, thrust disc, and motor rotor are coaxially connected by front tension bolts, The compressed air flows through the seal body to cool the thrust bearing.

Further: the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, deionized water, oil and other liquids. In this solution, the coolant of the vehicle can be directly used as the cooling medium of the motor without adding additional equipment, which further reduces the weight and volume of the device.

Further: the cooling channel is a spiral cooling channel.

Further: there are multiple air outlets, which are evenly opened along the circumference of the motor casing.

Further: there are two air outlets, which are arranged up and down on the motor casing.

Further: there are four air outlets, which are arranged on the motor casing at intervals of 90 degrees.

Further: there are twelve air outlets, which are arranged on the motor casing at intervals of 30 degrees.

Various arrangements of air outlets are convenient for automobile manufacturers to choose, or to make appropriate adjustments according to the requirements of automobile manufacturers, and the exhausted gas is connected to the automobile exhaust exhaust pipe with pipes.

Solution 2: According to another aspect of the invention, a fuel cell system is also provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in Solution 1.

Solution 3: According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in Solution 1 or the fuel cell system described in Solution 2.

The effect achieved by the present invention is:

1. The cooling liquid of the present invention (ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, oil and other liquids) flows through the cooling channel to take away the heat of the stator, and the rotor is cooled by air flowing through the gap between the stator and the rotor. The two cooling methods are used together, the effect is obvious, and it can better ensure the normal operation of the motor under extreme conditions.

2. In order to ensure sufficient cooling air flows through the air bearing and the gap between the rotor and the stator, the air seal body on the back of the impeller is designed so that part of the compressed air leaks into the motor; at the same time, a coaxial cooling fan is designed on the side away from the impeller, from the outside The suction air flows through the entire gap between the stator and the rotor to achieve the effect of cooling the radial bearing on the side away from the impeller and the rotor of the motor.

3. A new type of stator is adopted. The two sides of the stator are sealed with resin or metal caps, the coil is closed, and then the entire outer surface of the stator is cooled, and the length of the cooling channel is greatly increased. Specifically, this example adopts a closed stator with long cooling channels. The closed stator is applied in The field of fuel cells is the first of this invention. In the existing stator structure, only the middle part (silicon steel sheet) is in interference fit with the shell or bushing to achieve physical contact. This application is the overall physical contact to achieve long cooling channels and good cooling effect. .

4. The speed of the invention is high (150,000 revolutions per minute), and the pressure ratio of 1:3 can be realized by single-stage compression.

5. The compressor of the present invention is small in size, high in rotational speed and high in energy density, only one-third or one-half of the size of the prior art 1, and the weight is half or less.

the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the assembly drawing of the fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the assembly drawing of the fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator of embodiment 2;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling medium flow of the fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator of the present invention;

Figure 4-1 shows the temperature distribution (3D solid model) of a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 13 g/s;

Figure 4-2 shows the temperature distribution (3D solid model) of a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 8 g/s;

Figure 5-1 is the fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air) pressure distribution diagram of a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 13 g/s;

Figure 5-2 is the fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air) pressure distribution diagram of a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 8 g/s;

Figure 6-1 is the temperature distribution diagram of fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air) in a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 13 g/s;

Figure 6-2 is the temperature distribution diagram of fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air) in a 16kw fuel cell air compressor with an inlet mass flow rate of 8 g/s.

In the figure: 1-rear bearing seat; 2-motor support; 3-rear air suspension radial bearing; 4-motor shell; 5-motor stator; 6-motor rotor; 7-air outlet; 8-front bearing seat ;9-volute; 10-impeller; 11-air inlet; 12-front tension bolt; 13-thrust disc; 14-inner thrust bearing; 15-seal body; 16-compressed air passage; Air suspension radial bearing; 18-coolant inlet; 19-cooling sleeve; 20-coolant outlet; 21-motor rear cover; 22-rear tension bolt; 23-cooling fan; 24-bearing seat; 25-outer Thrust bearings.

the

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only It is an embodiment of a part of the application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear" etc. are based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings relation. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "fixed" are to be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or two devices, components or Internal connectivity between components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1, a high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell with a closed stator in this embodiment includes: a rear bearing seat 1, a motor support 2, a rear air suspension radial bearing 3, and a motor housing 4 , motor stator 5, motor rotor 6, front bearing seat 8, volute 9, impeller 10, front tension bolt 12, thrust disc 13, inner thrust bearing 14, steam seal body 15, front air suspension radial bearing 17, cooling Sleeve 19, motor rear cover 21, rear tension bolt 22, cooling fan 23, bearing seat 24, external thrust bearing 25;

The motor housing 4 is installed on the motor support 2, the motor housing 4 is provided with a coolant inlet 18 and a coolant outlet 20, the coolant inlet 18 and the coolant outlet 20 are provided with pipe joints, and the front end of the motor housing 4 is processed with Two upper and lower air outlets 7;

The motor stator 5 is a closed stator, the end coils are closed with resin or metal caps on both sides of the motor stator, the motor stator 5 and the motor rotor 6 are both arranged in the motor casing 4, and the motor rotor 6 is interspersed in the motor stator 5 The front bearing seat 8 and the rear bearing seat 1 are sealed and mounted on the front and rear ends of the motor housing 4. The front end of the motor rotor 6 is connected to the front bearing seat 8 through the front air suspension radial bearing 17. The motor rotor 6 The rear end is connected to the rear bearing housing 1 through the rear air-suspension radial bearing 3, and the air channel 1-1 is provided in an annular array on the rear bearing housing 1, and the cooling fan 23 is fixed to the rear end of the motor rotor 6 through the rear tensioning bolt 22 , and encapsulated in the rear bearing housing 1 through the motor rear cover 21 (the rear bearing housing 1 is processed with a fan installation space), the motor rotor 6 drives the cooling fan 23 to send the wind into the inner cavity of the motor stator 5 through the air channel 1-1, and Exhausted from the air outlet 7;

The cooling sleeve 19 is installed between the outer wall of the motor stator 5 and the inner wall of the motor housing 4 with an interference fit, and the outer wall of the cooling sleeve 19 is processed with a spiral cooling channel 19-1 communicating with the cooling liquid inlet 18 and the cooling liquid outlet 20; the impeller 10 Placed in the volute 9 and connected to the front end of the motor rotor 6 in a rotationally coupled manner, the front end of the volute 9 is an air inlet 11, and the inside is a compressed air flow channel 16; the thrust bearing seat 24 is connected to the front bearing seat 8 , between the thrust bearing seat 24 and the front bearing seat 8, an outer thrust bearing 25, a thrust disc 13, and an inner thrust bearing 14 are arranged in sequence from front to back, and the steam seal body 15 is arranged between the impeller 10 and the thrust bearing seat 24; The impeller 10, the thrust disc 13, and the motor rotor 6 are coaxially connected by the front tension bolt 12, and the compressed air flows through the seal body 15 to cool the thrust bearing, and the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol.

Compared with the prior art 1, this embodiment adopts a new type of stator, the two sides of the stator are sealed with resin or metal caps, and the coil is closed, and then the entire outer surface of the stator is cooled, and the length of the cooling channel is greatly increased. Specifically, this example adopts a closed stator, cooling The channel is long, and the application of the closed stator in the field of fuel cells is the first initiative of the present invention. In the existing stator structure, only the middle part (silicon steel sheet) is in interference fit with the casing or bushing to achieve physical contact. This application is the overall physical contact. Realize long cooling channel and good cooling effect. Due to the two-stage compression, the structure is complicated, and the design of the cooling channel is complicated; to achieve a high compression ratio, two-stage compression is required if the speed cannot be increased; this embodiment has a high speed (150,000 rpm), and a single-stage compression can achieve a pressure ratio of 1 : 3, the present embodiment is also due to the change of the cooling path and the structure, the compressor is small in size, high in speed and high in energy density, only one-third or one-half of the size of prior art 1, and the weight is also half or half smaller. The stator of the motor in this embodiment uses liquid to flow through the cooling channel to take away the heat of the stator, and the rotor uses air to flow through the gap between the stator and the rotor for cooling. The combination of the two cooling methods has an obvious effect and better ensures that the motor is in extreme conditions. normal operation of the situation. In order to ensure sufficient cooling air flows through the air bearing and the gap between the rotor and the stator, the air seal body on the back of the impeller is also designed, so that part of the compressed air leaks into the motor; at the same time, a coaxial cooling fan is designed on the side away from the impeller, which is sucked in from the outside The air flows through the entire gap between the stator and the rotor to cool the radial bearings on the side away from the impeller and the rotor of the motor. Air-suspension thrust bearings are arranged on the rear side of the impeller, air-suspension radial bearings are arranged on the left and right sides of the motor, the coaxial cooling fan away from the impeller side, the steam seal behind the impeller, the flow direction of air cooling, and the leakage air on the impeller side flows into the motor , the back cover is away from the impeller side, the cooling fan sucks in air, flows into the motor, and the two streams merge and then discharge the motor; the liquid cooling channel extends to both sides as much as possible to increase the cooling area.

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 2 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that there are twelve air outlets 7 arranged on the motor housing 4 at intervals of 30 degrees.

Embodiment 3: The difference from the above embodiment 1 or 2 is that the cooling liquid is a mixed liquid of ethylene glycol and water.

Embodiment 4: The difference from the above embodiment 1 or 2 is that the cooling liquid is oil.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment also provides a fuel cell system, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-4.

Embodiment 6: Another aspect of this embodiment provides a vehicle, including the high-speed air suspension compressor described in any one of Embodiments 1-4 or the fuel cell system described in Embodiment 5.

Cooling simulation test of the present invention is as follows:

1. Motor material properties:

The simulation uses 1.5 times the normal power consumption of the bearing ( 1.5×Bearing losses are applied.)

2. The input conditions of the cooling flow (liquid cooling and gas cooling) calculated by simulation:

Mixed liquid fluid of ethylene glycol ( ethylene glycol ) and water: turbulent flow

Density @ 20ºC: 1,087 kg/m ³

Thermal conductivity: 0.37 W/m·K

Specific heat capacity: 3,285 J/kg·K

Dynamic viscosity: 0.0038 Pa·s

Inlet mass flow rate: 100 g/s

Inlet static temperature: 45ºC

Export conditions: standard atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa)

压缩机叶轮背端泄漏的空气流体：Air fluid leaking from the back end of the compressor wheel:

Inlet mass flow rate: 2.5 g/s

Inlet static temperature: 140ºC

远离叶轮端的冷却风扇吸入的空气流体（以流量大小做了两个案例的计算）：The air fluid sucked by the cooling fan away from the impeller end (calculated in two cases based on the flow rate):

Inlet mass flow rate: 13 g/s (case 1); 8 g/s (case 2)

Inlet static temperature: 45ºC

Rotor speed : 150,000 rpm

3. Results data and images:

See Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2 for the temperature distribution calculated by the simulation of 3D solid parts, and see Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 for the pressure distribution of the simulation calculation of the cooling fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air) , the temperature distribution of the cooling fluid (ethylene glycol + water, air simulation calculation, see Figure 6-1, Figure 6-2.

Summary of simulation calculation results:

In the case of 1.5 times the power consumption of normal air bearings (simulating harsh working conditions), the internal thermodynamic model of the high-speed motor calculated by simulation: by setting the input conditions to model, both the air suspension radial bearing and the thrust air suspension bearing generate approximately Under 150% of the heat under normal working conditions (the power consumption of the bearing is the heat generated, which can be regarded as extremely bad working conditions), the normal power output of the motor (12-16kw) and the normal working speed of the rotor (120,000-150,000 rpm ), the simulation calculation results verified the temperature and pressure of the fluid in the liquid cooling and air cooling passages of the present invention, achieved good control of the internal temperature of the motor, reached the cooling requirements of the motor, and ensured the normal operation of the motor. The simulation calculations provide 13g/s and 8g/s respectively for the cooling fan away from the impeller end (the right end of the motor in the illustration) with the liquid cooling condition of the motor kept constant and the cooling air flow rate from the impeller back-end gland seal leakage constant. Under the condition of the cooling air flow rate of s, the temperature distribution of the 3D solid parts is calculated. Comparing the calculation results and temperature distribution diagrams of Case 1 and Case 2, it can be seen that due to the adoption of the closed stator, the liquid cooling channel The extension and the improvement of the heat dissipation capacity at the end of the stator, most of the heat is taken away by the liquid cooling channel, which effectively relieves the heat dissipation pressure of the air cooling channel, making this design, when the cooling fan only provides a flow rate of 8g/s, the overall motor The internal temperature is kept very low, and the low temperature of the motor shaft and permanent magnet can ensure the working efficiency and working life of the motor, which is one of the core indicators to measure the cooling effect. The air-suspension thrust bearing and radial bearing (impeller side) have obtained cooling air from the leakage air of the steam seal, and the inlet temperature is already 140 degrees Celsius. After cooling the air bearing with 1.5 times the power consumption, the temperature rises to 235 degrees Celsius, and the bearing itself It has the ability to withstand high temperatures below 400 degrees Celsius. The results of this simulation calculation show that the bearing can withstand even harsher working environments. Even at 1.5 times the normal power consumption, there is still a large safety margin from the upper temperature limit of the bearing.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still use the above-mentioned embodiments Modifications are made to the recorded technical solutions, or equivalent replacements are made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

A high-speed air suspension compressor for a fuel cell with a closed stator, characterized in that it includes:

include:

The motor casing (4), the motor casing (4) is provided with a coolant inlet (18) and a coolant outlet (20), and the front end of the motor casing (4) is processed with an air outlet (7);

The motor stator (5) and the motor rotor (6) are arranged in the motor housing (4), the motor rotor (6) is inserted in the inner cavity of the motor stator (5) to rotate freely, and the front and rear ends of the motor rotor (6) The air suspension bearing assembly is connected to the motor casing (4), the motor stator (5) is a closed stator, and the end coils are sealed with resin or metal caps on both sides of the motor stator;

The cooling sleeve (19) is installed between the outer wall of the motor stator (5) and the inner wall of the motor housing (4) with an interference fit. The cooling channel (19-1) is processed on the outer wall of the cooling sleeve (19), and the cooling channel (19 -1) communicate with the coolant inlet (18) and the coolant outlet (20);

The volute (9), the impeller (10), the impeller (10) is placed in the volute (9), the root of the impeller (10) is closely engaged with the thrust disc (13), and the impeller (10) is fixed on the motor rotor ( 6) front end;

The steam seal body (15), the thrust disc (13), the thrust disc (13) is set in the middle of the air suspension thrust bearing assembly, and fixed on the motor rotor (6) on the rear side of the impeller (10), the steam seal body (15) placed on the outer edge of the back plate of the impeller (10);

Cooling fan (23), the cooling fan (23) is fixed on the rear end of the motor rotor (6), and the motor rotor (6) drives the cooling fan (23) to send the wind into the inner cavity of the motor stator (5), and is exhausted by the air Outlet (7) discharges.
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 1, wherein the air suspension bearing assembly includes a front bearing housing (8), a rear bearing housing (1), a rear air suspension diameter direction bearing (3), front air suspension radial bearing (17), the front bearing seat (8) and the rear bearing seat (1) are sealed and installed at the front and rear ends of the motor casing (4), and the motor rotor (6) The front end is connected to the front bearing seat (8) through the front air suspension radial bearing (17), the rear end of the motor rotor (6) is connected to the rear bearing seat (1) through the rear air suspension radial bearing (3), and the rear bearing seat ( 1) An air channel (1-1) is opened on the top, and the cooling fan (23) sends wind into the inner cavity of the motor stator (5) through the air channel (1-1).
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 2, characterized in that it also includes a motor rear cover (21), and the cooling fan (23) is encapsulated in the rear bearing through the motor rear cover (21) inside the seat (1).
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the cooling fan (23) is fixed behind the motor rotor (6) through the rear tension bolt (22) end.
According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator is characterized in that: the air suspension thrust bearing assembly includes a thrust bearing seat (24), an outer thrust bearing (25), an inner The thrust bearing (14), the thrust bearing seat (24) is connected with the front bearing seat (8), and the outer thrust bearing (25), thrust bearing seat (25) and thrust The disk (13), the inner thrust bearing (14), and the steam seal (15) are arranged between the impeller (10) and the thrust bearing seat (24); the impeller (10), the thrust disk (13), the motor rotor ( 6) The three are coaxially connected by the front tension bolt (12), and the compressed air flows through the seal body (15) to cool the thrust bearing.
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 5, wherein the cooling liquid is ethylene glycol, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, deionized water or oil.
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 4, characterized in that the cooling channel (19-1) is a spiral cooling channel.
The high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to claim 7, characterized in that: there are multiple air outlets (7), which are evenly opened along the circumference of the motor casing (4);

Alternatively, there are two air outlets (7), arranged up and down on the motor casing (4);

Alternatively, there are four air outlets (7), which are arranged on the motor housing (4) at intervals of 90 degrees;

Alternatively, there are twelve air outlets (7), arranged on the motor housing (4) at intervals of 30 degrees.
A fuel cell system, comprising the high-speed air suspension compressor for fuel cells with a closed stator according to any one of claims 1-8.
A vehicle, comprising the fuel cell high-speed air suspension compressor with a closed stator according to any one of claims 1-8 or the fuel cell system according to claim 9.