WO2022166531A1 - 断路机构及应用其的断路器 - Google Patents

断路机构及应用其的断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166531A1
WO2022166531A1 PCT/CN2022/071048 CN2022071048W WO2022166531A1 WO 2022166531 A1 WO2022166531 A1 WO 2022166531A1 CN 2022071048 W CN2022071048 W CN 2022071048W WO 2022166531 A1 WO2022166531 A1 WO 2022166531A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
circuit
breaking mechanism
circuit breaking
reset
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/071048
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
芮骏
唐春林
Original Assignee
安徽一天电气技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022166531A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166531A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0207—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1045—Multiple circuits-breaker, e.g. for the purpose of dividing current or potential drop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power supply and distribution in the electric power industry, in particular to a circuit breaking mechanism and a circuit breaker using the same.
  • the circuit breaking mechanism in the conventional technology only realizes the opening and closing actions through the movement of the action parts, and the flexibility is insufficient.
  • the present invention aims to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
  • a circuit breaking mechanism comprises: a mechanism casing, a cylindrical space is formed inside, the mechanism casing can move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position; the action part is at least partially located in the cylindrical space , the action part can move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position; the reset part, which does not move with the movement of the mechanism shell and the action part, is used for when the circuit-breaking mechanism is initially in the second position.
  • the blocking action part follows the further movement of the mechanism shell and resets the action part to the closed position; wherein, the second state of the circuit breaking mechanism means: the mechanism shell is in the closed position, and the action The component is in the open position.
  • the circuit breaking mechanism is switched in the following three states: a first state, a second state, and a third state; wherein: the first state means that the mechanism housing is in the closing position, and the action part is in the closing position.
  • the third state means that the mechanism shell is in the opening position, and the action parts are in the closing position.
  • L2 is the displacement of the action member along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space when the circuit-breaking mechanism is switched from the first state to the second state;
  • L1 is the circuit-breaking mechanism at In the process of switching from the second state to the third state, the reset member allows the maximum displacement of the action member in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space.
  • L1 and L2 satisfy: L2+3mm ⁇ L1 ⁇ L2+10mm.
  • it further includes: a housing force applying component for applying force to the mechanism housing, and driving the mechanism housing to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position ;
  • the action driving part is used to drive the action part to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position.
  • the action part includes: a driving disc, which is in a disc-shaped structure and accommodated in the cylindrical space; a first movement rod, which extends from the first surface of the driving disc along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space , its front end protrudes from the first surface of the mechanism casing; wherein, the action driving component drives the driving disk to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, thereby driving the first movement rod to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to realize the action of the action component in the closed space. switch between the brake position and the open position.
  • the action part further comprises: a second movement rod, which extends from the second surface of the drive disk along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space and protrudes out of the second surface of the mechanism housing;
  • the reset part includes: a lower The reset block is arranged at the lower part of the second movement rod; wherein, when the circuit breaking mechanism is initially in the second state and the mechanism shell is switched to the opening position, the lower reset block blocks the further movement of the second movement rod following the mechanism shell, and resets Move the component to the closed position.
  • the part of the first movement rod extending out of the mechanism casing is connected to a limit portion;
  • the reset component includes: an upper reset block, which is arranged on the upper part of the mechanism casing; wherein, when the circuit-breaking mechanism is initially in the first position In the second state, when the mechanism casing is switched to the open position, the upper reset block is stuck in the limiting portion, thereby preventing the first movement lever from following the further movement of the mechanism casing and resetting the action part to the closed position.
  • the circuit breaking mechanism includes: at least one reset rod, which extends from the first surface of the driving disc along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, passes through the mechanism housing, and whose front end faces the radial outer side of the cylindrical space Bending, it moves with the movement of the drive plate;
  • the reset component includes: an upper reset stopper, which is arranged on the upper part of the mechanism shell, on the outer side of the reset rod in the circumferential direction; wherein, when the circuit breaking mechanism is initially in the second state, and the mechanism shell is switched to In the process of opening position, the upper reset block catches the reset lever, thereby preventing the further movement of the drive plate following the mechanism shell, and resets the action part to the closing position.
  • the action driving component includes: an opening coil, which is arranged in the cylindrical space;
  • the circuit breaking mechanism further includes: a closing holding component, which is fixed on the first side of the cylindrical space close to the first surface, It is used to maintain the closed state of the action part;
  • the opening retaining part is fixed on the second side of the cylindrical space close to the second surface, and is used to maintain the open state of the action part; wherein, the driving disc is accommodated in the closing retaining part within the active space between the component and the opening holding component.
  • all or part of the drive disk is made of magnetic metal material; the closing holding part and the opening holding part are ring magnets; the opening coil is arranged inside the ring magnet of the closing holding part .
  • the shell force-applying member is a pull rod; the front end of the pull rod is U-shaped or V-shaped, connected to the second surface or side surface of the mechanism shell, and its end extends away from the mechanism shell.
  • a circuit breaker is also provided.
  • the circuit breaker includes: an arc extinguishing mechanism; a first circuit breaking mechanism, which is the above circuit breaking mechanism, and the front end of its action part is connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism; a second circuit breaker mechanism, whose action part is connected to the first
  • the mechanism casing of the circuit breaker is used to drive the mechanism casing of the first circuit breaker to switch between the closing position and the opening position; the outer structure of the circuit breaker, the interior of which is formed to accommodate the arc extinguishing mechanism, the first circuit breaking mechanism, and the second circuit breaking mechanism
  • the installation space wherein, the reset component of the first circuit breaker mechanism is fixed on the outer structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the action part of the second circuit breaker mechanism is connected to the mechanism shell of the first circuit breaker mechanism through a transmission mechanism;
  • the second circuit breaker mechanism further includes: a mechanism body;
  • the action part is a movement rod, and the movement rod is self-contained from the mechanism body
  • the transmission mechanism includes: a connecting rod shaft; a connecting rod, the middle of which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod shaft, its rear end is connected to the front end of the movement rod of the second circuit breaking mechanism, and its front end is upwardly connected to the first The mechanism housing of the disconnect mechanism.
  • each first circuit breaker unit includes: a combination of a first circuit breaker mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, a second circuit breaker mechanism, One transmission mechanism; in each first circuit breaker unit, the second circuit breaker is linked with the first circuit breaker through the transmission mechanism, and the front end of the action part of the first circuit breaker is linked with the arc extinguishing mechanism.
  • each first circuit breaker unit includes: 1 set of first circuit breaker mechanisms and arc extinguishing mechanisms
  • the second circuit breaker is linked with the first circuit breaker through the transmission mechanism, and the front end of the action part of the first circuit breaker It is linked with the arc extinguishing mechanism
  • the second circuit breaker unit includes: one second circuit breaking mechanism and one arc extinguishing mechanism; wherein, the second circuit breaking mechanism is directly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism through the transmission mechanism.
  • the action part includes: a driving disc, which is in a disc-like structure and is accommodated in the cylindrical space;
  • the reset component includes: a lower reset block, which is arranged at the lower part of the second movement rod; the lower parts of the plurality of first circuit breaker mechanisms in the circuit breaker
  • the reset block has an integrated design and is connected to a reset crossbar. Both ends of the reset crossbar are fixed on the outer structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the first circuit-breaking mechanism and the second circuit-breaking mechanism are independently driven; the time for the first circuit-breaking mechanism to complete the opening and closing operations is shorter than that of the second circuit-breaking mechanism.
  • the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
  • the mechanism shell in addition to the movable parts, can also move under the operation of external force, thereby increasing the operation dimension of the circuit breaking mechanism and improving its flexibility.
  • a reset part is added, which does not move with the movement of the mechanism shell and the action part, so that when the circuit breaking mechanism is in the second state and the mechanism shell is switched to the open position, the action part is reset to the closed position, thereby It avoids the fatigue loss caused by the action parts being in the open position for a long time, and prolongs the service life.
  • the middle part of the connecting rod of the transmission mechanism is rotatably pivoted to the connecting rod shaft.
  • the rear end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the movement lever of the second circuit breaking mechanism
  • the front end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the rod member of the mechanism body connected to the first circuit breaking mechanism
  • the movement rod of the first circuit breaking mechanism is upwardly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism. moving contacts.
  • the moving rod of the second circuit breaking mechanism is inclined downward toward the connecting rod axis, which improves the transmission efficiency, increases the opening reliability and the service life of the circuit breaker.
  • the front end of the connecting rod is upwardly connected to the mechanism body of the first circuit breaking mechanism through a rod; the moving rod of the first circuit breaking mechanism is connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism through an insulating pull rod, reducing the The system volume is reduced, and the electricity safety is ensured.
  • the circuit breaker includes: 2 circuit breaker units; each circuit breaker unit includes: a combination of a first circuit breaking mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, a second circuit breaking mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. Among them, each circuit breaker unit can operate independently, so that three-phase independent fast and slow action can be realized.
  • the circuit breaker can be used as a two-phase two-speed switch for limiting short-circuit current in an ungrounded neutral system. It has the advantages of small size, space saving, easy installation, relatively simple structure, high service life and low cost.
  • the circuit breaker includes: 2 first circuit breaker units; and 1 second circuit breaker unit; wherein: each first circuit breaker unit includes: a combination of a first circuit breaker mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, 1 The second circuit breaking mechanism of the unit and the transmission mechanism of one unit; in each first circuit breaker unit, the second circuit breaking mechanism is linked with the first circuit breaking mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the front end of the first movement rod of the first circuit breaking mechanism is connected to the extinguishing mechanism.
  • the arc mechanism is linked; the second circuit breaker unit includes: one second circuit breaking mechanism and one arc extinguishing mechanism; wherein, the second circuit breaking mechanism is directly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism through the transmission mechanism.
  • the circuit breaker can be used as a two-phase two-speed switch for removing short-circuit faults in an ungrounded neutral system. Because in the neutral point non-effective grounding system, if any two phases are disconnected, the short-circuit current will disappear, and the purpose of quickly eliminating the short-circuit accident is achieved. Therefore, compared with the circuit breaker including three first circuit breaker units, this In the circuit breaker unit of one of the phases of this kind of circuit breaker, the first circuit breaker mechanism with quick action is eliminated, so as to achieve the purpose of further reducing the volume and reducing the cost.
  • the time for the first circuit breaking mechanism to complete the opening operation is shorter than that of the second circuit breaking mechanism, and it can use the fast phase-splitting operating mechanism to realize rapid opening and closing when a fault occurs.
  • the secondary opening avoids the failure of the opening action and improves the reliability and safety. Further, after the second circuit breaking mechanism completes the opening action, the first circuit breaking mechanism is reset to return to the closed position, so as to avoid fatigue damage caused by rapid driving, and improve the reliability and service life of the entire device.
  • the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are independently driven, and the second circuit breaker can also meet the normal opening and closing speed of the mechanism drive. Therefore, the circuit breaker can also meet the use requirements. way to drive, expand the application scenarios.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present embodiment in three working states.
  • 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the circuit-breaking mechanism in the form of other housing force-applying components in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaking mechanism with a fully actuated driving component in an actual scene.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the circuit breaker of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an internal structural diagram of the circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the present invention viewed from the side of the first circuit breaking mechanism.
  • FIG. 9 is an internal structural diagram of the circuit breaker according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from the side of the first circuit breaking mechanism.
  • the mechanism casing can also move, thereby increasing the operation dimension of the circuit breaking mechanism and improving its flexibility.
  • a reset component is added to the circuit breaking mechanism, which does not move with the movement of the mechanism casing and the action member, so that when the circuit breaking mechanism is in the second state and the mechanism casing is switched to the opening position, the reset action components to the closing position, thus avoiding the fatigue loss caused by the action components being in the opening position for a long time, and prolonging the service life.
  • the present invention first provides a circuit breaking mechanism.
  • both the action part and the mechanism shell can move, and the switch from the second state to the third state is realized by the reset part, which increases the flexibility of the circuit breaker mechanism and avoids the fatigue caused by the action part being in the open position for a long time. loss, prolonging the service life of the circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present invention.
  • the circuit breaking mechanism 100 in this embodiment includes:
  • the mechanism casing 110 forms a cylindrical space inside, and the mechanism casing can move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position;
  • the action part 120 is at least partially located in the cylindrical space, and the action part can move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position;
  • the reset part which does not move with the movement of the mechanism shell and the action part, is used to prevent the action part from following the further movement of the mechanism shell and reset the action part when the circuit breaking mechanism is initially in the second state and the mechanism shell is switched to the opening position to the closing position;
  • the shell force-applying component is connected to the lower part of the mechanism shell 110, and is used to apply a force to the mechanism shell 110, and the mechanism shell 110 is driven to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, thereby switching between the closing position and the opening position;
  • the action driving part 150 is used for driving the action part to move along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical space, so as to switch between the closing position and the opening position;
  • the position maintaining assembly 160 is used to maintain the temporary stability of the action component in the opening position and the closing position.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present embodiment in three working states.
  • (A) shows the first state
  • (B) shows the second state
  • (C) shows the third state.
  • the dotted line in the figure is the reference line for the position of the mechanism housing. Please refer to Figure 2, specifically:
  • the first state means: the mechanism housing 110 is in the closing position, and the action part 120 is in the closing position, as shown in FIG. 2(A);
  • the second state means: the mechanism housing 110 is in the closing position, and the action part 120 is in the opening position, as shown in FIG. 2(B);
  • the third state means that the mechanism housing 110 is in the opening position, and the action part 120 is in the closing position, as shown in FIG. 2(C).
  • the mechanism shell in the present invention can also move, thereby increasing the operation dimension of the circuit breaking mechanism and improving the flexibility.
  • the action member is blocked from following further movement of the mechanism casing, and the action member is reset to the closed position.
  • the mechanism shell 110 is cylindrical, and a cylindrical space is formed inside, which is characterized by uniform force in all directions and flexible movement, which avoids the occurrence of uneven force compared with other shapes.
  • the drive disk is stuck.
  • the mechanism housing can also be in other shapes, such as square, regular hexagon, etc., and the present invention can also be implemented.
  • the driving disc 120 in the action part 120 is in the shape of a disc; the closing holding part 161 and the opening holding part 162 in the position maintaining assembly 160 are both annular magnet.
  • the lower part of the mechanism casing 110 is provided with a casing force applying member.
  • the housing force-applying member is the pull rod 141 .
  • the front end of the pull rod 141 is U-shaped, connected to the lower surface of the mechanism housing, and the free end thereof extends downward.
  • the pull rod 141 is pulled downward to drive the mechanism housing 110 to move downward, thereby switching the mechanism housing from the closing position to the opening position.
  • the pull rod 141 is pushed upward to push the mechanism housing 110 to move upward, so that the mechanism housing is switched from the opening position to the closing position.
  • the housing force-applying component By arranging the housing force-applying component, the switching between the closing position and the opening position of the mechanism housing 110 is realized, thereby increasing the operation dimension of the circuit breaking mechanism and improving the flexibility.
  • FIG. 3A is schematic diagrams of the circuit-breaking mechanism in the form of other housing force-applying components in the present invention.
  • the housing force-applying member is a pull rod 141 ′, but the front end of the pull rod 141 ′ is connected to the side surface of the mechanism casing.
  • FIG. 3A the housing force-applying member is a pull rod 141 ′, but the front end of the pull rod 141 ′ is connected to the side surface of the mechanism casing.
  • the housing force-applying member is a pull rod 141 ′′
  • the fixed end of the pull rod 141 ′′ is connected to the side surface of the mechanism casing, and the free end extends radially to the central axis of the cylindrical space.
  • the action part 120 includes: a drive plate 121, which is accommodated in the cylindrical space; a first movement rod 122, which extends upward from the upper surface of the drive plate and protrudes from the upper surface of the mechanism housing; the second movement rod 123, extending downward from the lower surface of the drive disk and protruding from the lower surface of the mechanism housing.
  • the upper position of the action member is the closing position, and the lower position is the opening position.
  • the action components in this embodiment, the drive plate 121 , the first movement rod 122 , and the second movement rod 123 are an integral structure or a rigidly connected split structure.
  • the first moving rod 122 is upwardly connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism.
  • the second movement rod 123 cooperates with the reset block 131 downward to realize the reset function.
  • the second movement rod can be omitted.
  • the opening coil 151 is fixed on the upper side of the cylindrical space.
  • the closing holding member 161 and the opening holding member 162 are respectively fixed to the upper surface and the lower surface of the cylindrical space.
  • the closing holding member 161 and the opening holding member 162 are both ring magnets.
  • the annular magnet of the closing holding member 161 is provided in the annular space, outside the opening coil.
  • the ring-shaped magnet of the opening holding member 162 is disposed symmetrically with the closing holding member on the lower side of the cylindrical space.
  • the action member is initially in the closing position, the opening coil 151 is not energized, and the drive plate 121 is attracted by the closing holding member 161 and temporarily stabilized on the closing holding member.
  • the opening coil 151 When the opening coil 151 is energized, the opening coil 151 produces a downward repulsion force to the driving disc 121, which overcomes the attractive force of the closing holding part 161 to the driving disc 121, and pushes the driving disc 121 to move downward, gradually approaching the opening holding part. component 162 .
  • the gravitational force of the closing holding part 161 to the drive plate 121 is getting smaller and smaller, and the gravitational force of the opening holding part 162 to the driving plate 121 is increasing.
  • the opening holding member 162 attracts the driving disc 121 to its own side. Even if the repulsive force of the opening coil 151 disappears, the driving disc 121 will temporarily stabilize on the opening holding member 162, as shown in FIG. 2 . (B).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaking mechanism with a fully actuated driving component in an actual scene. As shown in FIG. 4 , in actual work, the action driving mechanism further includes: a power supply capacitor 152 , a thyristor 153 and a controller 154 .
  • the cylindrical space is rationally utilized, and the purpose of miniaturizing the circuit breaking mechanism can be achieved.
  • the structure is simple and efficient, and the reliability of the circuit breaking mechanism can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the circuit breaker includes:
  • the circuit breaker outer structure 500 includes: a handcart support 510, the rear side of which forms a second installation space, and the lower part of which forms a transmission space; and an insulating sleeve 520, which is connected to the upper part of the front side of the handcart support, and its interior is formed the first installation space;
  • the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 is fixed on the upper part of the first installation space
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 arranged in the first installation space, is the circuit breaking mechanism shown in Fig. 1, which is upwardly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism 400;
  • the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 is arranged in the second installation space, and is linked with the first circuit breaking mechanism through the transmission mechanism 300 located in the transmission space.
  • the external mechanism 500 of the circuit breaker may also be a bracket mechanism of the circuit breaker, or may be a casing structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the purpose of introducing the mechanism outside the circuit breaker here is to determine the installation relationship of the reset component in the first circuit breaker mechanism, indicating that it is fixed in the structure outside the circuit breaker and does not move with the movement of the mechanism housing in the first circuit breaker mechanism.
  • the free end of the first moving rod 122 is connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism through an insulating pull rod.
  • the free end of the pull rod 141 is connected to the first end of the transmission mechanism.
  • the pulling rod 141 moves downward, thereby pulling the entire mechanism casing 110 to move downward, thereby driving the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 to switch from the closing position to the opening position.
  • the pull rod 141 is pushed upward, thereby pushing the entire mechanism casing 110 upward, thereby driving the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 to switch from the opening position to the closing position.
  • the reset component is a reset block 131 .
  • the reset block 131 is fixed to the circuit breaker outer structure 500 and does not move with the movement of the mechanism housing 110 .
  • the driving disc 121 drives the movable contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 to move downward, and the driving disc 121 moves to the opening holding member 162.
  • the drive plate 121 is kept at the position of the opening holding member 162, at this time the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 is in the opening state, the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 is in the closing state, the switch cannot be closed or opened again, and then the second circuit breaking mechanism is opened.
  • the gate through the connecting rod 320, drives the first circuit breaker 100 to continue to move downward, and the second power lever 123 under the drive plate will hit the reset block 131 (the reset block 131 and the circuit breaker outer structure are integrated or fixed together, this
  • the drive plate 121 will leave the opening holding part 162, return to the ring magnet of the closing holding part 161, return to the original closing state, the second circuit breaking mechanism moves to the opening state, and the whole circuit breaker is in Open state, at this time, the circuit breaker can be closed by the next step, and slow opening or fast opening after subsequent closing.
  • the present invention can also adopt other forms of reset components to achieve similar functions.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the circuit breaker of the present invention. It contains a second embodiment of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present invention. The difference between the second embodiment of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present invention and the first embodiment lies in the arrangement of the reset component.
  • the first moving rod 122 of the circuit breaking mechanism extends upward and is connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 through an insulating pull rod.
  • the insulating tie rod 401 serves as a limiting member of the moving member.
  • a reset blocking piece 132 is provided on the inner side of the circuit breaker outer structure, the upper part of the mechanism casing of the circuit breaker mechanism, the radial outer side of the first movement rod 122 , and the lower part of the insulating pull rod 401 .
  • the drive plate 121 drives the movable contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism to move downward, and the drive plate 121 moves to the opening holding member 162. Due to the function of the opening holding member , the drive plate 121 keeps the circuit breaking mechanism at the position of the opening holding member 162, at this time the arc extinguishing mechanism is in the opening state, the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 is in the closing state, the switch cannot be closed or opened again, and then the second circuit breaking mechanism is opened.
  • the insulating pull rod 401 will hit the reset block 132, the insulating pull rod 401 and the drive plate 121 are fixedly connected, at this time, it can be considered as the same rigid body, not moving downward, and is affected by Under the action of the downward movement force of the second circuit breaking mechanism, the insulating pull rod 401 will drive the drive plate 121 to leave the opening holding part 162, return to the closing holding part 161, and return to the original closing state, and the second circuit breaking mechanism moves to In the open state, the switch is in the open state. At this time, the switch can be closed by the next step, and the switch can be opened slowly or quickly after the subsequent closing.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the present invention. Included therein is a third embodiment of the breaking mechanism of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7 , the difference between the third embodiment of the circuit breaking mechanism of the present invention and the first embodiment lies in the arrangement of the reset component.
  • the two reset rods 124 extend upward from the upper surface of the drive plate, pass through the closing holding member and the mechanism housing, and their front ends are bent toward the radially outer side of the cylindrical space. It should be noted that the two reset levers 124 move with the movement of the drive disk, but not with the movement of the mechanism housing and the closing and holding part.
  • two reset blocking pieces 133 are provided on the inner side of the circuit breaker outer structure, the upper part of the mechanism housing of the circuit breaker mechanism, and the radial outer side of the first movement rod 121, corresponding to the positions of the two reset rods.
  • the drive plate 121 drives the movable contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism to move downward, and the drive plate 121 moves to the opening holding member 162.
  • the drive plate 121 is kept at the position of the opening holding member 162, at this time the arc extinguishing mechanism is in the opening state, the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 is in the closing state, the switch cannot be closed or opened again, and then the second circuit breaking mechanism is opened.
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 is driven by the connecting rod to continue to move downward, the drive plate 121 is provided with a reset lever 124, the reset lever 124 will hit the reset block 133, the reset lever 124 and the drive plate 121 are fixedly connected, and at this time it can be It is considered to be the same rigid body and is not moving downward.
  • the reset lever 124 Under the action of the downward movement force of the second circuit breaking mechanism, the reset lever 124 will drive the driving disc 121 to leave the opening holding member 162, return to the closing magnet 161, and return to the original position.
  • the second circuit breaker moves to the open state, and the switch is in the open state. At this time, the circuit breaker can be closed by the next step, and the slow opening or fast opening after the subsequent closing.
  • the present invention also provides a circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker adopts the circuit breaking mechanism as described above.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the circuit breaker includes:
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 is the circuit breaking mechanism shown in FIG. 1 , which is upwardly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 ;
  • the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 realizes linkage with the mechanism housing 110 of the first circuit breaking mechanism through the transmission mechanism 300;
  • the circuit breaker outer structure 500 has an installation space for accommodating the first circuit breaker 100 , the second circuit breaker 200 , the transmission mechanism 300 and the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 , wherein the reset component of the first circuit breaker is fixed on the circuit breaker outer structure superior;
  • the external mechanism 500 of the circuit breaker may also be a bracket mechanism of the circuit breaker, or may be a casing structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the purpose of introducing the mechanism outside the circuit breaker here is to determine the installation relationship of the reset component in the first circuit breaker mechanism, indicating that it does not move with the movement of the mechanism housing in the first circuit breaker mechanism.
  • the circuit breaker external mechanism includes: a handcart support 510, the interior of which forms a second installation space on the rear side, and the lower part of which forms a transmission space; and an insulating sleeve 520, which is connected to the upper part of the front side of the handcart support, The inside thereof forms a first installation space.
  • the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 is fixed in the second installation space;
  • the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 is fixed on the upper part of the first installation space;
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 is arranged in the first installation space and is connected upward to the arc extinguishing space
  • the transmission mechanism 300 is arranged in the transmission space.
  • the second circuit breaking mechanism 200 includes: a mechanism body 210, which is fixed in the second installation space; a movement rod 220, which extends downward from the mechanism body; the transmission mechanism 300 includes: a connecting rod shaft 310, which is fixed in the middle of the transmission space; a connecting rod 320 , the middle of which is rotatably pivoted to the connecting rod shaft 310 , the rear end is connected to the front end of the movement rod of the second breaking mechanism, and the front end is upwardly connected to the mechanism housing 110 of the first breaking mechanism.
  • the moving rod 220 of the second circuit breaking mechanism is inclined downward toward the connecting rod shaft 310 to improve the transmission efficiency; Extend the working distance; the first moving rod 122 of the first circuit breaking mechanism is connected to the moving contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism through an insulating pull rod, so as to improve the safety of the circuit breaker.
  • the first circuit-breaking mechanism and the second circuit-breaking mechanism are driven independently; the time for the first circuit-breaking mechanism to complete the opening and closing operations is shorter than that of the second circuit-breaking mechanism.
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism can use the fast phase-splitting operating mechanism to realize fast opening and closing in the event of a fault. Since the secondary opening of the combination of fast and slow can be realized during the opening, the failure of the opening action is avoided. , which improves reliability and security. Further, after the second circuit breaking mechanism completes the opening action, the first circuit breaking mechanism is reset to return to the closed position, so as to avoid fatigue damage caused by rapid driving, and improve the reliability and service life of the entire device.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 of the present invention also respectively show circuit breaker embodiments, and the related content can be referred to the related description of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker structure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second embodiment of the circuit breaker of the present invention also provides a circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker differs from the first embodiment of the circuit breaker in that there are multiple groups of circuit breaker units.
  • FIG. 8 is an internal structural diagram of the circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the present invention viewed from the side of the first circuit breaking mechanism.
  • the circuit breaker in this embodiment includes: two first circuit breaker units.
  • each circuit breaker unit includes: a combination of a first circuit breaking mechanism 100 and an arc extinguishing mechanism 400 , a second circuit breaking mechanism 200 , and a transmission mechanism 300 .
  • the second circuit breaker is linked with the mechanism housing 110 of the first circuit breaker through the transmission mechanism, and the front end of the action part of the first circuit breaker is connected to the movable contact of the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 .
  • the combination of the two groups of the first circuit breaking mechanism 100 and the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 are arranged side by side in the first installation space enclosed by the insulating sleeve.
  • two second breaking mechanisms are arranged side by side in the second installation space surrounded by the handcart bracket.
  • the action components include: a driving disc, which has a disc-shaped structure and is accommodated in the cylindrical space; and a second moving rod, which runs along the cylindrical space from the second surface of the driving disc The middle axis extends in the direction of the middle axis and protrudes out of the second surface of the mechanism housing; in the first circuit breaking mechanism, the reset component includes: a lower reset block, which is arranged on the lower part of the second movement rod;
  • the lower reset blocks of the plurality of first circuit breaking mechanisms in the circuit breaker are integrally designed and connected to form a reset cross bar 134 . Both ends of the reset beam 134 are fixed on the outer structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the reset component is arranged in this way, which can reduce the difficulty of installation and improve the accuracy.
  • the circuit breaker of this embodiment can be used as a two-phase two-speed switch for limiting short-circuit current in an ungrounded neutral system, and has the advantages of small size, space saving, easy installation, relatively simple structure, high service life, and low cost.
  • the third embodiment of the circuit breaker of the present invention also provides a circuit breaker.
  • the difference between this circuit breaker and the first embodiment of the circuit breaker is that there are two groups of first circuit breaker units and one group of second circuit breaker units.
  • Each first circuit breaker unit includes: a combination of a first circuit breaker mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, a second circuit breaker mechanism, and a transmission mechanism; in each first circuit breaker unit, the second circuit breaker The mechanism is linked with the first circuit breaking mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the front end of the action part of the first circuit breaking mechanism is linked with the arc extinguishing mechanism 400 through the insulating pull rod 401 .
  • the first circuit breaking mechanism is the circuit breaking mechanism shown in the first embodiment of the circuit breaking structure of the present invention.
  • Each second circuit breaker unit includes: one second circuit breaking mechanism and one arc extinguishing mechanism; wherein, the second circuit breaking mechanism is directly connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism through a transmission mechanism. In other words, compared with the first circuit breaker unit, the second circuit breaker unit is not provided with the first circuit breaker mechanism.
  • FIG. 9 is an internal structural diagram of the circuit breaker according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from the side of the first circuit breaking mechanism.
  • the two first circuit breaking mechanisms are arranged side by side in the first installation space enclosed by the insulating sleeve.
  • Three arc extinguishing mechanisms are arranged side by side in the first installation space enclosed by the insulating sleeve.
  • three second breaking mechanisms are arranged side by side in the second installation space surrounded by the trolley bracket.
  • the circuit breaker can be used as a two-phase two-speed switch for removing short-circuit faults in a neutral point ungrounded system. Because in the neutral point non-effective grounding system, if any two phases are disconnected, the short-circuit current will disappear, and the purpose of quickly eliminating the short-circuit accident is achieved. Therefore, compared with the circuit breaker including three first circuit breaker units, this In the circuit breaker unit of one of the phases of this kind of circuit breaker, the quick-action first circuit breaker mechanism is eliminated, thereby achieving the purpose of further reducing the volume and reducing the cost.
  • opening (closing) holding parts, action driving parts, etc. can also be in other forms;
  • the shape of the reset component can be a block, a sheet, a rod or other special-shaped structures, etc.
  • the mechanism casing in addition to the movable parts, can also move under the operation of external force, thereby increasing the operation dimension of the circuit breaking mechanism and improving its flexibility.
  • a reset component which does not move with the movement of the mechanism housing and the action component, when the circuit breaking mechanism is in the second state and the mechanism housing is switched to the open position, the reset action component is closed to the closed position. Brake position, thus avoiding the fatigue loss caused by the action parts being in the open position for a long time, and prolonging the service life.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between the two components.
  • connection should be understood in specific situations.
  • modules in the device in the embodiment can be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiment.
  • the modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and further they may be divided into multiple sub-modules or sub-units or sub-assemblies. All features of the invention in this specification (including claims, abstract and drawings) and any method or apparatus so invented may be employed in any combination, unless at least some of such features and/or procedures or elements are mutually exclusive. All processes or units are combined.
  • Each feature of the invention in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
  • a unit claim enumerating several means several of these means can be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种断路机构（100）及应用其的断路器，在断路机构（100）中，除动作部件（120）能够运动之外，机构外壳（110）也可以在外力的操作下运动，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度。此外，通过增加了复位部件，其不随机构外壳（110）和动作部件（120）的运动而运动，从而在断路机构（100）处于第二状态，而机构外壳（110）切换至分闸位置的过程中，复位动作部件至合闸位置，从而避免了动作部件（120）长期处于分闸位置而导致的疲劳损耗，延长了使用寿命。

Description

断路机构及应用其的断路器 技术领域
本发明涉及电力行业供配电技术领域，尤其涉及一种断路机构及应用其的断路器。
背景技术
随着我国工业化、城镇化快速发展，在较长时期内电力需求将持续增长，电网发展任务繁重，发展坚强的智能电网显得尤为迫切。同时，智能电网也正朝着超高压、特高压等级迈进。因此，研究开发与之相配套的高性能、高可靠性断路器可为智能电网供电的安全性和可靠性提供强有力的技术保障。
在实现本发明的过程中，申请人发现传统技术中的断路机构仅是通过动作部件的运动而实现分闸、合闸动作，灵活性不足。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明以期至少部分地解决以上技术问题中的至少之一。
(二)技术方案
为了实现如上目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种断路机构。该断路机构包括：机构外壳，其内部形成筒状空间，机构外壳可沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；动作部件，至少部分位于筒状空间内，动作部件可沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；复位部件，其不随机构外壳和动作部件的运动而运动，用于在断路机构初始处于第二状态，机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，阻挡动作部件跟随机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置；其中，断路机构的第二状态是指：机构外壳处于合闸位置，动作部件处于分闸位置。
在本发明的一些实施例中，断路机构在以下三种状态下切换：第一状态、第二状态、第三状态；其中：第一状态是指：机构外壳处于合闸位置， 动作部件处于合闸位置；第三状态是指：机构外壳处于分闸位置，动作部件处于合闸位置。
在本发明的一些实施例中，满足：L2＜L1，其中，L2为断路机构在由第一状态切换至第二状态时，动作部件沿筒状空间中间轴线方向的位移；L1为断路机构在由第二状态切换至第三状态过程中，复位部件允许动作部件沿筒状空间中间轴线方向的最大位移。
在本发明的一些实施例中，L1和L2满足：L2+3mm≤L1≤L2+10mm。
在本发明的一些实施例中，还包括：外壳施力部件，用于向机构外壳施加作用力，驱动机构外壳沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；动作驱动部件，用于驱动动作部件沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换。
在本发明的一些实施例中，动作部件包括：驱动盘，呈盘状结构，容置于筒状空间内；第一运动杆，其自驱动盘的第一面沿筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，其前端自机构外壳的第一面伸出；其中，动作驱动部件驱动驱动盘沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而带动第一运动杆沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，实现动作部件在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换。
在本发明的一些实施例中，动作部件还包括：第二运动杆，其自驱动盘的第二面沿筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，伸出机构外壳的第二面；复位部件包括：下复位块，设置于第二运动杆的下部；其中，当断路机构初始处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置过程中，下复位块阻挡第二运动杆跟随机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置。
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一运动杆伸出机构外壳的部分连接至一限位部；复位部件包括：上复位挡片，设置于机构外壳的上部；其中，当断路机构初始处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，上复位挡片卡住限位部，从而阻挡第一运动杆跟随机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置。
在本发明的一些实施例中，断路机构包括：至少一复位杆，其自驱动盘的第一面沿筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，穿过机构外壳，其前端朝向筒状空间的径向外侧弯曲，其随驱动盘的运动而运动；复位部件包括：上复位挡块，设置于机构外壳的上部，复位杆的周向外侧；其中，当断路机构 初始处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，上复位挡块卡住复位杆，从而阻挡驱动盘跟随机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置。
在本发明的一些实施例中，动作驱动部件包括：分闸线圈，设置于筒状空间内；断路机构还包括：合闸保持部件，固定于筒状空间内靠近第一面的第一侧，用于保持动作部件的合闸状态；分闸保持部件，固定于筒状空间内靠近第二面的第二侧，用于保持动作部件的分闸状态；其中，驱动盘容置于合闸保持部件和分闸保持部件之间的活动空间内。
在本发明的一些实施例中，驱动盘的全部或者局部由磁性金属材料制备；合闸保持部件和分闸保持部件为环状磁铁；分闸线圈设置于合闸保持部件的环状磁铁的内侧。
在本发明的一些实施例中，外壳施力部件为拉杆；拉杆的前端呈U形或V形，连接于机构外壳的第二面或侧面，其末端朝向远离机构外壳的方向延伸。
为了实现如上目的，根据本发明的另一个方面，还提供了一种断路器。该断路器包括：灭弧机构；第一断路机构，为如上的断路机构，其动作部件的前端连接至灭弧机构的动触头；第二断路机构，其动作部件通过传动机构连接至第一断路机构的机构外壳，以驱动第一断路机构的机构外壳在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；断路器外结构，其内部形成容置灭弧机构、第一断路机构、第二断路机构的安装空间；其中，第一断路机构的复位部件固定于断路器外结构上。
在本发明的一些实施例中，第二断路机构的动作部件通过传动机构连接至第一断路机构的机构外壳；第二断路机构还包括：机构本体；动作部件为运动杆，运动杆自机构本体向下伸出；传动机构包括：连杆轴；连杆，其中部可转动地枢接于连杆轴，其后端连接于第二断路机构的运动杆的前端，其前端向上连接至第一断路机构的机构外壳。
在本发明的一些实施例中，包括：2个第一断路器单元；每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构和灭弧机构的组合、1台的第二断路机构、1台的传动机构；在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的动作部件的前端与灭弧机 构联动。
在本发明的一些实施例中，包括：2台第一断路器单元；以及1台第二断路器单元；其中：每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构和灭弧机构的组合、1台的第二断路机构、1台的传动机构；在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的动作部件的前端与灭弧机构联动；第二断路器单元包括：1台的第二断路机构、1台的灭弧机构；其中，第二断路机构通过传动机构直接连接至灭弧机构。
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一断路机构中，动作部件包括：驱动盘，呈盘状结构，容置于筒状空间内；第二运动杆，其自驱动盘的第二面沿筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，伸出机构外壳的第二面；第一断路机构中，复位部件包括：下复位块，设置于第二运动杆的下部；断路器中多个第一断路机构的下复位块一体化设计，连接为一复位横杆，该复位横杆两端固定于断路器外结构上。
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一断路机构和第二断路机构独立驱动；第一断路机构比第二断路机构完成分闸、合闸操作的时间要短。
(三)有益效果
从上述技术方案可知，本发明至少具有以下有益效果其中之一：
(1)在断路机构中，除动作部件能够运动之外，机构外壳也可以在外力的操作下运动，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度，提升了其灵活性。
(2)增加了复位部件，其不随机构外壳和动作部件的运动而运动，从而在断路机构处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，复位动作部件至合闸位置，从而避免了动作部件长期处于分闸位置而导致的疲劳损耗，延长了使用寿命。
(3)提供了三种复位部件的具体实现方式，总结了动作部件和复位部件在工作过程中的最佳尺寸，既能实现断路机构三个状态的顺利切换，又能兼顾效率。
(4)在断路器中，传动机构的连杆的中部可转动地枢接于连杆轴。连杆的后端枢接于第二断路机构的运功杆，连杆的前端枢接于连接第一断路机构的机构本体的杆件，第一断路机构的运动杆向上连接至灭弧机构的 动触头。通过如此设置，实现了第一断路机构、第二断路机构和灭弧机构的高效联动。
(5)在断路器中，第二断路机构的运动杆朝向连杆轴倾斜向下设置，提高了传动效率，增加了分闸可靠性和断路器的使用寿命。
(6)在断路器中，连杆的前端通过一杆件向上连接至第一断路机构的机构本体；第一断路机构的运动杆通过一绝缘拉杆连接至灭弧机构的动触头，减小了系统体积，确保了用电安全。
(7)断路器包括：2个断路器单元；每一断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构和灭弧机构的组合、1台的第二断路机构、1台的传动机构。其中，每一断路器单元均可以独立的操作，从而可以实现三相独立的快慢动作。
该断路器可以作为中性点不接地系统中限制短路电流用的两相双速开关，具有体积小，节约空间，便于安装，结构相对简单，使用寿命高，成本低等优势。
(8)断路器包括：2台第一断路器单元；以及1台第二断路器单元；其中：每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构和灭弧机构的组合、1台的第二断路机构、1台的传动机构；在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的第一运动杆的前端与灭弧机构联动；第二断路器单元包括：1台的第二断路机构、1台的灭弧机构；其中，第二断路机构通过传动机构直接连接至灭弧机构。
该种断路器可以作为中性点不接地系统中切除短路故障用的两相双速开关。由于在中性点非有效接地系统中，开断任意两相，短路电流就会消失，达到快速消除短路事故的目的，因此，相对于包括3台第一断路器单元的断路器而言，该种断路器的其中一相的断路器单元中取消快速动作的第一断路机构，从而达到了进一步缩小体积，降低成本的目的。
(9)第一断路机构比第二断路机构完成分闸操作的时间短，能在出现故障时使用快速分相操动机构实现快速分、合闸，由于在分闸时能够实现了快慢结合的二次分闸，避免了分闸动作失败的情况，提升了可靠性及安全性。进一步地，在第二断路机构完成分闸动作之后，复位第一断路机构使其恢复合闸位置，以避免快速驱动导致的疲劳损坏，提高整个装置的 可靠性和使用寿命。
(10)第一断路机构和第二断路机构独立驱动，第二断路机构还可以满足正常的分、合闸速度的机构驱动，因此，断路器还能在满足使用要求情况下按照普通断路器的方式进行驱动，拓展了应用场景。
附图说明
图1为本发明中断路机构第一实施例的示意图。
图2为本实施例断路机构处于三种工作状态的示意图。
图3A和图3B为本发明中具有其他外壳施力部件形式的断路机构的示意图。
图4为实际场景中具有完整动作驱动部件的断路机构的示意图。
图5为本发明实施例断路器第一实施例的结构示意图。
图6为本发明断路器第二实施例的结构示意图。
图7为本发明断路器第三实施例的结构示意图。
图8为本发明第二实施例断路器在第一断路机构侧观察的内部结构图。
图9为本发明第三实施例断路器在第一断路机构侧观察的内部结构图。
【附图中主要元件符号说明】
100-断路机构；
110-机构外壳；
120-动作部件；
121-驱动盘；122-第一运动杆；123-第二运动杆；
124-复位杆；
131-复位块；132、133-复位挡片；
141、141'、141"-拉杆；
150-动作驱动部件；
151-分闸线圈；152-供电电容；153-可控硅；
154-控制器；
160-位置保持组件；
161-合闸保持部件；162-分闸保持部件；
200-第二断路机构；
210-机构本体；220-运动杆；
300-传动机构；
310-连杆轴；320-连杆；
400-灭弧机构；
401-绝缘拉杆；
500-断路器外结构；
510-手车支架；520-绝缘套筒。
具体实施方式
本发明的断路机构和包括其的断路器中，除动作部件能够运动之外，机构外壳也可以运动，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度，提升了其灵活性。此外，在断路机构中增加了复位部件，其不随所述机构外壳和所述动作部件的运动而运动，从而在断路机构处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，复位动作部件至合闸位置，从而避免了动作部件长期处于分闸位置而导致的疲劳损耗，延长了使用寿命。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解的是，提供这些实施例的目的仅是使得本发明满足法律要求，而本发明可以用许多不同形式实现，而不应被解释为限于此处所阐述的实施例。
一、断路机构
本发明首先提供了一种断路机构。在该断路机构中动作部件和机构外壳都可以运动，并且通过复位部件实现第二状态至第三状态的切换，增加了断路机构的灵活性，避免了动作部件长期处于分闸位置而导致的疲劳损耗，延长了断路机构的使用寿命。
图1为本发明中断路机构第一实施例的示意图。请参照图1，本实施例断路机构100包括：
机构外壳110，其内部形成筒状空间，机构外壳可沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
动作部件120，至少部分位于筒状空间内，动作部件可沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
复位部件，其不随机构外壳和动作部件的运动而运动，用于在断路机构初始处于第二状态，机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，阻挡动作部件 跟随机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置；
外壳施力部件，连接于机构外壳110的下方，用于向机构外壳110施加作用力，驱动机构外壳110沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
动作驱动部件150，用于驱动动作部件沿筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
位置保持组件160，用于保持动作部件在分闸位置和合闸位置的暂时性稳定。
图2为本实施例断路机构处于三种工作状态的示意图。图2中，(A)示意的为第一状态，(B)示意的为第二状态，(C)为示意的第三状态。图中的虚线为机构外壳位置的参考线。请参照图2，具体而言：
第一状态是指：机构外壳110处于合闸位置，动作部件120处于合闸位置，如图2中(A)所示；
第二状态是指：机构外壳110处于合闸位置，动作部件120处于分闸位置，如图2中(B)所示；
第三状态是指：机构外壳110处于分闸位置，动作部件120处于合闸位置，如图2中(C)所示。
相对于传统断路机构中只是动作部件能够运动，本发明中机构外壳同样可以运动，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度，提升了灵活性。并且，当断路机构初始处于第二状态，所述机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，阻挡所述动作部件跟随所述机构外壳的进一步运动，复位动作部件至合闸位置。
以下分别对本实施例断路机构的各个组成部分进行详细描述。
如图1所示，本实施例中机构外壳110呈圆柱状，其内部形成圆筒状空间，其特点是各个方向受力均匀，运动灵活，相对于其他形状避免了由于受力不均匀而产生的驱动盘卡顿情况。当然，机构外壳也可以是其他形状，例如正方形、正六边形等，同样可以实现本发明。
适应于本实施例的圆筒状空间，本实施例中，动作部件120中的驱动盘120为圆盘形状；位置保持组件160中的合闸保持部件161和分闸保持部件162，均为环形磁铁。
请继续参照图1，机构外壳110的下部设置有外壳施力部件。本实施例中，外壳施力部件为拉杆141。该拉杆141的前端呈U形，连接于机构外壳的下表面，其自由端向下延伸。
举例来说，当断路机构需要由第二状态切换至第三状态时，通过拉杆141向下拉动，带动机构外壳110向下运动，从而使机构外壳由合闸位置切换至分闸位置。同样地，当断路机构需要由第三状态切换至第一状态时，通过拉杆141向上推动，推动机构外壳110向上运动，从而使机构外壳由分闸位置切换至合闸位置。
通过设置外壳施力部件，实现了机构外壳110在合闸位置和分闸位置之间的切换，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度，提升了灵活性。
本领域技术人员应当理解，虽然本实施例中采用的是前端呈U形，连接于机构外壳下表面的拉杆，但外壳施力部件也可以采用其他形式。图3A和图3B为本发明中具有其他外壳施力部件形式的断路机构的示意图。如图3A所示，外壳施力部件为拉杆141'，但拉杆141'的前端连接至机构外壳的侧面。如图3A所示，外壳施力部件为拉杆141"，拉杆141"的固定端连接至机构外壳的侧面，自由端向筒状空间中间轴线的径向延伸。
请继续参照图1，动作部件120包括：驱动盘121，容置于筒状空间内；第一运动杆122，自驱动盘的上表面向上延伸，伸出机构外壳的上表面；第二运动杆123，自驱动盘的下表面向下延伸，伸出机构外壳的下表面。在本实施例中，动作部件在上方的位置为合闸位置，在下方的位置为分闸位置。
本实施例中的动作部件，驱动盘121、第一运动杆122、第二运动杆123为整体结构或刚性连接的分体结构。第一运动杆122向上连接灭弧机构的动触头。而第二运动杆123向下与复位块131配合实现复位功能。本领域技术人员能够理解，如果采取其他合适的复位部件，第二运动杆则可以省略。
请继续参照图1，在筒状空间的上侧固定有分闸线圈151。此外，在筒状空间的上表面和下表面，分别固定有合闸保持部件161和分闸保持部件162。其中，合闸保持部件161和分闸保持部件162均为环状磁铁。并且，合闸保持部件161的环状磁铁设置于环状空间内，分闸线圈的外侧。 分闸保持部件162的环状磁铁在筒状空间下侧，与合闸保持部件对称设置。
请参照图2中(A)所示，动作部件初始处于合闸位置，分闸线圈151未通电，驱动盘121由合闸保持部件161吸引，而暂时性稳定在合闸保持部件上。当分闸线圈151通电时，分闸线圈151对驱动盘121产生向下的斥力，该斥力克服了合闸保持部件161对驱动盘121的引力，推动驱动盘121向下运动，逐渐靠近分闸保持部件162。合闸保持部件161对驱动盘121的引力越来越小，分闸保持部件162对驱动盘121的引力越来越大。当位移到一定程度，分闸保持部件162将驱动盘121吸引到己方一侧，即使分闸线圈151的斥力消失，驱动盘121也会暂时性稳定在分闸保持部件162上，如图2中(B)所示。
需要说明的是，图1所示断路机构的动作驱动部件中仅包括了分闸线圈151。图4为实际场景中具有完整动作驱动部件的断路机构的示意图。如图4所示，但在实际工作中，动作驱动机构还包括：供电电容152、可控硅153和控制器154。
通过如上的动作驱动部件、合闸保持部件、分闸保持部件的设置，合理利用了筒状空间，可以达到断路机构小型化的目的。同时，结构简单高效，能提升断路机构的可靠性。
本领域技术人员应当能够理解，除了本实施例的合闸保持部件、分闸保持部件之外，还可以采用其他形状或者形式的动作部件位置保持部件，例如：并非呈环形的磁铁作为合闸、分闸保持部件。同样地，除了本实施例的线圈-盘式驱动，还可以采用其他形状或者形式的动作驱动部件，例如：线圈-线圈式驱动，即动作部件为线圈结构，动作驱动部件同样为线圈结构。
以下结合实际场景来介绍本实施例断路机构中复位部件的工作原理。图5为本发明实施例断路器第一实施例的结构示意图。如图5所示，断路器中包括：
断路器外结构500，包括：手车支架510，其后侧的内部形成第二安装空间，其下部形成传动空间；以及绝缘套筒520，连接于手车支架的前侧的上部，其内部形成第一安装空间；
灭弧机构400，固定于所述第一安装空间的上部；
第一断路机构100，设置于所述第一安装空间内，为图1所示的断路 机构，其向上连接灭弧机构400；
第二断路机构200，设置于所述第二安装空间内，通过位于传动空间的传动机构300实现与第一断路机构联动。
在图5所示的断路器中，断路器外机构500也可以是断路器的支架机构，也可以是断路器的壳体结构。此处引入断路器外机构，其目的是确定第一断路机构中复位部件的安装关系，表明其是固定在断路器外结构，而不随第一断路机构中机构壳体的运动而运动的。
请继续参照图5，在第一断路机构100的上端，第一运动杆122的自由端通过绝缘拉杆连接至灭弧机构的动触头。
请参照图5，在第一断路机构100的下端，拉杆141的自由端连接至传动机构的第一端。当传动机构的第一端向下运动时，拉动拉杆141向下运动，进而拉动整个机构外壳110向下运动，从而驱动第一断路机构100由合闸位置切换至分闸位置。同样，当传动机构的第一端向上运动时，推动拉杆141向上运动，进而推动整个机构外壳110向上运动，从而驱动第一断路机构100由分闸位置切换至合闸位置。
请参照图5，第一断路机构100中，复位部件为复位块131。该复位块131固定于断路器外结构500，不随机构外壳110的运动而运动。
以下介绍本实施例断路器的工作过程：当第一断路机构动作，驱动盘121带动灭弧机构400的动触头向下运动，驱动盘121运动到分闸保持部件162处，由于环形磁铁的作用，驱动盘121保持在分闸保持部件162位置，此时灭弧机构400处于分闸状态，第二断路机构200处于合闸状态，开关无法合闸或再次分闸，然后第二断路机构分闸，通过连杆320带动第一断路机构100继续向下运动，驱动盘下方的第二运功杆123会撞击到复位块131(复位块131与断路器外结构为一体或固定再一起，此时不动)，驱动盘121会离开分闸保持部件162，回到合闸保持部件161的环形磁铁处，回到最初的合闸态，第二断路机构运动到分闸态，整个断路器处于分闸态，此时断路器可以经行下一步合闸，以及后续合闸后慢分或快分。
在图5所示的断路器中，第一断路机构处于合闸状态时，驱动盘121下盘面与分闸保持部件162的距离为L2，驱动盘121中间杆与复位块131距离为L1，要实现如上的运动形式，需要满足：
L2+3mm≤L1≤L2+10mm
这样可以保证在复位时不会使灭弧机构的动触头离静触头太近而造成断口重燃，也不会使动触头开距过大造成真空泡损坏。
除了图1和图5所示的复位部件之外，本发明还可以采用其他形式的复位部件来实现类似的功能。
图6为本发明断路器第二实施例的结构示意图。其中包含了本发明断路机构第二实施例。本发明断路机构第二实施例与第一实施例的不同之处在于：复位部件的设置。
请参照图6，断路机构的第一运动杆122向上延伸，通过绝缘拉杆连接至灭弧机构400的动触头。此处，绝缘拉杆401作为动作部件的限位部件。在断路器外结构的内侧，断路机构的机构外壳的上部，第一运动杆122的径向外侧，绝缘拉杆401的下方，设置有复位挡片132。
以下介绍本实施例断路器的工作过程：当第一动作，驱动盘121带动灭弧机构的动触头向下运动，驱动盘121运动到分闸保持部件162处，由于分闸保持部件的作用，驱动盘121保持断路机构在分闸保持部件162位置，此时灭弧机构处于分闸状态，第二断路机构200处于合闸状态，开关无法合闸或再次分闸，然后第二断路机构分闸，带动第一断路机构100继续向下运动，绝缘拉杆401会撞击到复位挡片132，绝缘拉杆401与驱动盘121为固定连接，此时可以认为是同一刚体，并不在向下运动，受第二断路机构的向下运动力作用，绝缘拉杆401会带动驱动盘121会离开分闸保持部件162，回到合闸保持部件161处，回到最初的合闸态，第二断路机构运动到分闸态，开关处于分闸态，此时开关可以经行下一步合闸，以及后续合闸后慢分或快分。
在图6所示的断路器中，第一机构处于合闸状态时，驱动盘121下盘面与分闸保持部件162的距离为L2，绝缘拉杆401下端面与复位挡片上端面的距离为L1，要实现如上的运动形式，需要满足：
L2+3mm≤L1≤L2+10mm
这样可以保证在复位时不会使动触头离静触头太近而造成断口重燃，也不会使动触头开距过大造成真空泡损坏。
图7为本发明断路器第三实施例的结构示意图。其中包含了本发明断 路机构第三实施例。如图7所示，本发明断路机构第三实施例与第一实施例的不同之处在于：复位部件的设置。
请参照图7，两个复位杆124自驱动盘的上表面向上延伸，穿过合闸保持部件和机构外壳，其前端朝向筒状空间的径向外侧弯曲。需要注意的是，该两个复位杆124随驱动盘的运动而运动，而并不随机构外壳和合闸保持部件的运动而运动。
关于复位部件，在断路器外结构的内侧，断路机构的机构外壳的上部，第一运动杆121的径向外侧，对应于两个复位杆的位置，设置有两块复位挡片133。
以下介绍本实施例断路器的工作过程：当第一断路机构动作，驱动盘121带动灭弧机构的动触头向下运动，驱动盘121运动到分闸保持部件162处，由于分闸磁铁的作用，驱动盘121保持在分闸保持部件162位置，此时灭弧机构处于分闸状态，第二断路机构200处于合闸状态，开关无法合闸或再次分闸，然后第二断路机构分闸，通过连杆带动第一断路机构100继续向下运动，驱动盘121上设置有复位杆124，复位杆124会撞击到复位挡片133，复位杆124与驱动盘121为固定连接，此时可以认为是同一刚体，并不在向下运动，受第二断路机构的向下运动力作用，复位杆124会带动驱动盘121会离开分闸保持部件162，回到合闸磁铁161处，回到最初的合闸态，第二断路机构运动到分闸态，开关处于分闸态，此时断路器可以经行下一步合闸，以及后续合闸后慢分或快分。
在图7所示的断路器中，第一断路机构处于合闸状态时，驱动盘121下盘面与分闸保持部件162的距离为L2，复位杆124下端面与复位挡块133上端面的距离为L1，要实现如上的运动形式，需要满足：
L2+3mm≤L1≤L2+10mm
这样可以保证在复位时不会使动触头离静触头太近而造成断口重燃，也不会使动触头开距过大造成真空泡损坏。
二、断路器第一实施例
本发明还提供了一种断路器。该断路器采用如上所述的断路机构。
图5为本发明实施例断路器第一实施例的结构示意图。如图5所示，断路器中包括：
灭弧机构400；
第一断路机构100，为图1所示的断路机构，其向上连接灭弧机构400；
第二断路机构200，通过传动机构300实现与第一断路机构的机构壳体110联动；
断路器外结构500，其内部形成容置第一断路机构100、第二断路机构200、传动机构300、灭弧机构400的安装空间，其中，第一断路机构的复位部件固定在断路器外结构上；
在图5所示的断路器中，断路器外机构500也可以是断路器的支架机构，也可以是断路器的壳体结构。此处引入断路器外机构，其目的是确定第一断路机构中复位部件的安装关系，表明其是不随第一断路机构中机构壳体的运动而运动的。
请参照图5，断路器外机构包括：手车支架510，其后侧的内部形成第二安装空间，其下部形成传动空间；以及绝缘套筒520，连接于手车支架的前侧的上部，其内部形成第一安装空间。其中，第二断路机构200固定于第二安装空间内；灭弧机构400固定于所述第一安装空间的上部；第一断路机构100，设置于所述第一安装空间内，向上连接灭弧机构400；传动机构300设置于传动空间内。
第二断路机构200包括：机构本体210，固定于第二安装空间内；运动杆220，自机构本体向下伸出；传动机构300包括：连杆轴310，固定在传动空间中部；连杆320，其中部可转动地枢接于连杆轴310，其后端连接于第二断路机构的运动杆的前端，其前端向上连接至所述第一断路机构的机构外壳110。
本实施例中，第二断路机构的运动杆220朝向连杆轴310倾斜向下设置，以提升传动效率；连杆320的前端通过一杆件向上连接至第一断路机构的机构外壳110，以延长作用距离；第一断路机构的第一运动杆122通过一绝缘拉杆连接至灭弧机构的动触头，以提升断路器的安全性。
特别需要说明的是，本实施例中，所述第一断路机构和第二断路机构独立驱动；所述第一断路机构比第二断路机构完成分闸、合闸操作的时间要短。如此设置，第一断路机构能在出现故障时使用快速分相操动机构实现快速分、合闸，由于在分闸时能够实现了快慢结合的二次分闸，避免了 分闸动作失败的情况，提升了可靠性及安全性。进一步地，在第二断路机构完成分闸动作之后，复位第一断路机构使其恢复合闸位置，以避免快速驱动导致的疲劳损坏，提高整个装置的可靠性和使用寿命。
除了图5所示的断路器之外，本发明图6、图7也分别给出了断路器实施例，相关内容可参照断路结构第一实施例的相关说明，此处不再重述。
三、断路器第二实施例
本发明断路器第二实施例还提供了一种断路器。该断路器与断路器第一实施例的区别在于：具有多组的断路器单元。
图8为本发明第二实施例断路器在第一断路机构侧观察的内部结构图。请参照图8，本实施例断路器包括：2个的第一断路器单元。
而每一断路器单元的结构与图5所示的断路器相同。请参照图5，该断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构100和灭弧机构400的组合、1台的第二断路机构200、1台的传动机构300。在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构的机构壳体110联动，第一断路机构的动作部件的前端与灭弧机构400的动触头连接。
如图8所示，2组的第一断路机构100和灭弧机构400的组合并排设置于绝缘套筒所围成的第一安装空间内。同样地，在第二断路机构侧观察，2台的第二断路机构并排设置于手车支架所围成的第二安装空间内。
本实施例中，第一断路机构中，动作部件包括：驱动盘，呈盘状结构，容置于筒状空间内；第二运动杆，其自驱动盘的第二面沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，伸出机构外壳的第二面；所述第一断路机构中，所述复位部件包括：下复位块，设置于所述第二运动杆的下部；
需要重点说明的是，本实施例中断路器中多个第一断路机构的下复位块一体化设计，连接成一复位横杆134。该复位横杆134两端固定于断路器外结构上。如此设置复位部件，可以降低安装难度，提高精确性。
本实施例断路器可以作为中性点不接地系统中限制短路电流用两相双速开关，具有体积小，节约空间，便于安装，结构相对简单，使用寿命高，成本低等优势。
四、断路器第三实施例
本发明断路器第三实施例还提供了一种断路器。该断路器与断路器第 一实施例的区别在于：具有2组第一断路器单元和1组第二断路器单元。
每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的第一断路机构和灭弧机构的组合、1台的第二断路机构、1台的传动机构；在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的动作部件的前端通过绝缘拉杆401与灭弧机构400联动。其中，第一断路机构为本发明断路结构第一实施例所示的断路机构。
每一第二断路器单元包括：1台的第二断路机构、1台的灭弧机构；其中，第二断路机构通过传动机构直接连接至灭弧机构。换句话说，第二断路器单元与第一断路器单元相比，并没有设置第一断路机构。
图9为本发明第三实施例断路器在第一断路机构侧观察的内部结构图。如图9所示，从第一断路机构侧观察，具有2台的第一断路机构。2台的第一断路机构并排设置于绝缘套筒所围成的第一安装空间内。3台的灭弧机构并排设置于绝缘套筒所围成的第一安装空间内。同样地，在第二断路机构侧观察，3台的第二断路机构并排设置于手车支架所围成的第二安装空间内。本实施例的其他结构可参照断路机构各实施例、断路器第一实施例、断路器第二实施例，此处不再赘述。
该种断路器可以作为中性点不接地系统中切除短路故障用两相双速开关。由于在中性点非有效接地系统中，开断任意两相，短路电流就会消失，达到快速消除短路事故的目的，因此，相对于包括3台第一断路器单元的断路器而言，该种断路器的其中一相的断路器单元中取消快速动作的第一断路机构，从而达到了进一步缩小体积，降低成本的目的。
至此，已经结合附图对本发明多个实施例进行了详细描述。
需要说明的是，对于某些实现方式，如果其并非本发明的关键内容，且为所属技术领域中普通技术人员所熟知，则在附图或说明书正文中并未对其进行详细说明，此时可参照相关现有技术进行理解。
此外，上述对各元件和方法的定义并不仅限于实施例中提到的各种具体结构、形状或方式，本领域普通技术人员可对其进行简单地更改或替换，例如：
(1)分闸(合闸)保持部件、动作驱动部件等还可以其他形式；
(2)复位部件的形状可以为块、片、杆或其他异形结构等；
依据以上描述，本领域技术人员应当对本发明断路机构及应用其的断路器有了清楚地认识。
综上所述，本发明断路机构中，除动作部件能够运动之外，机构外壳也可以在外力的操作下运动，从而增加了断路机构的操作维度，提升了其灵活性。此外，通过增加了复位部件，其不随所述机构外壳和所述动作部件的运动而运动，从而在断路机构处于第二状态，而机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，复位动作部件至合闸位置，从而避免了动作部件长期处于分闸位置而导致的疲劳损耗，延长了使用寿命。
还需要说明的是，实施例中提到的方向用语，例如“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等，仅是参考附图的方向，并非用来限制本发明的保护范围。贯穿附图，相同的元素由相同或相近的附图标记来表示。在可能导致对本发明的理解造成混淆时，将省略常规结构或构造。
并且图中各部件的形状和尺寸不反映真实大小和比例，而仅示意本发明实施例的内容。另外，在权利要求中，不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
除非明确指明为相反之意，本发明的说明书及权利要求中的数值参数可以是近似值，能够根据通过本发明的内容改变。具体而言，所有使用于说明书及权利要求中表示组成的含量、反应条件等的数字，应理解为在所有情况中是受到“约”的用语所修饰，其表达的含义是指包含由特定数量在一些实施例中±10％的变化、在一些实施例中±5％的变化、在一些实施例中±1％的变化、在一些实施例中±0.5％的变化。
再者，单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。
说明书与权利要求中所使用的序数例如“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“主”、“次”，以及阿拉伯数字、字母等，以修饰相应的元件或步骤，其本意仅 用来使具有某命名的一元件(或步骤)得以和另一具有相同命名的元件(或步骤)能做出清楚区分，并不意味着该元件(或步骤)有任何的序数，也不代表某一元件(或步骤)与另一元件(或步骤)的顺序。
本领域那些技术人员可以理解，可以对实施例中的设备中的模块进行自适应性地改变并且把它们设置在与该实施例不同的一个或多个设备中。可以把实施例中的模块或单元或组件组合成一个模块或单元或组件，以及此外可以把它们分成多个子模块或子单元或子组件。除了这样的特征和/或过程或者单元中的至少一些是相互排斥之外，可以采用任何组合对本说明书(包括权利要求、摘要和附图)中发明的所有特征以及如此发明的任何方法或者设备的所有过程或单元进行组合。除非另外明确陈述，本说明书(包括伴随的权利要求、摘要和附图)中发明的每个特征可以由提供相同、等同或相似目的的替代特征来代替。并且，在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中，这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。
类似地，应当理解，为了精简本发明并帮助理解各个发明方面中的一个或多个，在上面对本发明的示例性实施例的描述中，本发明的各个特征有时被一起分组到单个实施例、图，或者对其的描述中。然而，并不应将该发明的方法解释成反映如下意图：即所要求保护的本发明需要比在每个权利要求中所明确记载的特征更多的特征。更确切地说，如权利要求书所反映的那样，各个发明方面在于少于前面单个实施例的所有特征。因此，遵循具体实施方式的权利要求书由此明确地并入该具体实施方式，其中每个权利要求本身都作为本发明的单独实施例。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了详细说明，应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种断路机构，其特征在于，包括：
    机构外壳，其内部形成筒状空间，所述机构外壳可沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
    动作部件，至少部分位于所述筒状空间内，所述动作部件可沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
    所述断路机构在以下三种状态下切换，其中：所述第一状态是指：所述机构外壳处于合闸位置，所述动作部件处于合闸位置；所述第二状态是指：所述机构外壳处于合闸位置，所述动作部件处于分闸位置；所述第三状态是指：所述机构外壳处于分闸位置，所述动作部件处于合闸位置；以及
    复位部件，其不随所述机构外壳和所述动作部件的运动而运动，用于在所述断路机构初始处于所述第二状态，所述机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，阻挡所述动作部件跟随所述机构外壳的进一步运动，复位所述动作部件至合闸位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的断路机构，其特征在于，满足：
    L2＜L1
    其中，所述L2为所述断路机构在由所述第一状态切换至所述第二状态时，所述动作部件沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向的位移；所述L1为所述断路机构在由所述第二状态切换至所述第三状态过程中，所述复位部件允许所述动作部件沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向的最大位移。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的断路机构，其特征在于，所述L1和L2满足：L2+3mm≤L1≤L2+10mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的断路机构，其特征在于，还包括：
    外壳施力部件，用于向机构外壳施加作用力，驱动所述机构外壳沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
    动作驱动部件，用于驱动所述动作部件沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的断路机构，其特征在于，所述动作部件包括：
    驱动盘，呈盘状结构，容置于所述筒状空间内；
    第一运动杆，其自所述驱动盘的第一面沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，其前端自所述机构外壳的第一面伸出；
    其中，所述动作驱动部件驱动所述驱动盘沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，从而带动所述第一运动杆沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向运动，实现所述动作部件在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的断路机构，其特征在于：
    所述动作部件还包括：第二运动杆，其自所述驱动盘的第二面沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，伸出所述机构外壳的第二面；
    所述复位部件包括：下复位块，设置于所述第二运动杆的下部；
    其中，当所述断路机构初始处于所述第二状态，而所述机构外壳切换至分闸位置过程中，所述下复位块阻挡所述第二运动杆跟随所述机构外壳的进一步运动，复位所述动作部件至合闸位置。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的断路机构，其特征在于：
    所述第一运动杆伸出机构外壳的部分连接至一限位部；
    所述复位部件包括：上复位挡片，设置于所述机构外壳的上部；
    其中，当所述断路机构初始处于所述第二状态，而所述机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，所述上复位挡片卡住所述限位部，从而阻挡所述第一运动杆跟随所述机构外壳的进一步运动，复位所述动作部件至合闸位置。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的断路机构，其特征在于：
    所述断路机构包括：至少一复位杆，其自所述驱动盘的第一面沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，穿过所述机构外壳，其前端朝向所述筒状空间的径向外侧弯曲，其随所述驱动盘的运动而运动；
    所述复位部件包括：上复位挡块，设置于所述机构外壳的上部，所述复位杆的周向外侧；
    其中，当所述断路机构初始处于所述第二状态，而所述机构外壳切换至分闸位置的过程中，所述上复位挡块卡住所述复位杆，从而阻挡所述驱动盘跟随所述机构外壳的进一步运动，复位所述动作部件至合闸位置。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的断路机构，其特征在于：
    所述动作驱动部件包括：分闸线圈，设置于所述筒状空间内；
    所述断路机构还包括：
    合闸保持部件，固定于所述筒状空间内靠近第一面的第一侧，用于保持所述动作部件的合闸状态；
    分闸保持部件，固定于所述筒状空间内靠近第二面的第二侧，用于保持所述动作部件的分闸状态；
    其中，所述驱动盘容置于所述合闸保持部件和所述分闸保持部件之间的活动空间内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的断路机构，其特征在于，所述驱动盘的全部或者局部由磁性金属材料制备；
    所述合闸保持部件和所述分闸保持部件为环状磁铁；所述分闸线圈设置于所述合闸保持部件的环状磁铁的内侧。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的断路机构，其特征在于，所述外壳施力部件为拉杆；
    所述拉杆的前端呈U形或V形，连接于所述机构外壳的第二面或侧面，其末端朝向远离所述机构外壳的方向延伸。
  12. 一种断路器，其特征在于，包括：
    灭弧机构；
    第一断路机构，为如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的断路机构，其动作部件的前端连接至所述灭弧机构的动触头；
    第二断路机构，其动作部件通过传动机构连接至所述第一断路机构的机构外壳，以驱动所述第一断路机构的机构外壳在合闸位置和分闸位置之间切换；
    断路器外结构，其内部形成容置所述灭弧机构、所述第一断路机构、所述第二断路机构的安装空间；
    其中，所述第一断路机构的复位部件固定于所述断路器外结构上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的断路器，其特征在于：
    所述第二断路机构还包括：机构本体；所述动作部件为运动杆，所述运动杆自所述机构本体向下伸出；
    所述传动机构包括：连杆轴；连杆，其中部可转动地枢接于所述连杆轴，其后端连接于所述第二断路机构的所述运动杆的前端，其前端向上连接至所述第一断路机构的所述机构外壳。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的断路器，其特征在于，包括：2个第一断路器单元；每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的所述第一断路机构和所述灭弧机构的组合、1台的所述第二断路机构、1台的所述传动机构；
    在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的所述动作部件的前端与灭弧机构联动。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的断路器，其特征在于，包括：2台第一断路器单元；以及1台第二断路器单元；其中：
    每一第一断路器单元包括：1组的所述第一断路机构和所述灭弧机构的组合、1台的所述第二断路机构、1台的所述传动机构；在每一个第一断路器单元中，第二断路机构通过传动机构与第一断路机构联动，第一断路机构的所述动作部件的前端与灭弧机构联动；
    所述第二断路器单元包括：1台的所述第二断路机构、1台的所述灭弧机构；其中，所述第二断路机构通过传动机构直接连接至所述灭弧机构。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的断路器，其特征在于，
    所述第一断路机构中，所述动作部件包括：驱动盘，呈盘状结构，容置于所述筒状空间内；第二运动杆，其自所述驱动盘的第二面沿所述筒状空间中间轴线方向延伸，伸出所述机构外壳的第二面；
    所述第一断路机构中，所述复位部件包括：下复位块，设置于所述第二运动杆的下部；
    所述断路器中多个第一断路机构的下复位块一体化设计，连接为一复位横杆，该复位横杆两端固定于断路器外结构上。
  17. 根据权利要求12至15中任一项至所述的断路器，其特征在于，所述第一断路机构和第二断路机构独立驱动；所述第一断路机构比第二断路机构完成分闸、合闸操作的时间要短。
PCT/CN2022/071048 2021-02-05 2022-01-10 断路机构及应用其的断路器 WO2022166531A1 (zh)

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