WO2022166096A1 - 分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵 - Google Patents

分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166096A1
WO2022166096A1 PCT/CN2021/104207 CN2021104207W WO2022166096A1 WO 2022166096 A1 WO2022166096 A1 WO 2022166096A1 CN 2021104207 W CN2021104207 W CN 2021104207W WO 2022166096 A1 WO2022166096 A1 WO 2022166096A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
guide
opening
valve
channel
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PCT/CN2021/104207
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓斌
王继鑫
王宝杰
崔海萍
李朋
张树林
李海龙
Original Assignee
烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022166096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166096A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a flow divider, a hydraulic end, and a plunger pump.
  • fracturing construction is the main method of stimulation in the process of oil and gas field exploitation
  • the plunger pump is the main equipment for pumping fracturing medium in the stimulation operation.
  • any process that needs to transport medium to the well under a specific pressure needs to be realized by a plunger pump.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a diverter, a fluid end, and a plunger pump.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a flow divider, comprising: a body, the body is cylindrical, the body includes a first end, a second end, and a side surface connecting the first end and the second end ; a first opening, located on the side of the body; a first cavity, located at the first end; a first channel, respectively communicating with the first opening and the first cavity, the first channel from the first opening extends to the first cavity and is configured to communicate fluid; a second opening is located on a side of the body; a second cavity is located at the second end; and a second channel, respectively In communication with the second opening and the second cavity, the second channel extends from the second opening to the second cavity and is configured to communicate fluid.
  • the first opening is closer to the second end than the second opening, and the second opening is closer to the first end than the first opening.
  • the first opening and the second opening are located at different positions in the axial direction of the body.
  • the orientation of the first opening and the second opening are different, and the size of the first opening and the size of the second opening are the same.
  • the first channel and the second channel are not in communication, and the first cavity and the second cavity are not in communication.
  • the body includes a first flow guide portion, the first channel is provided in a plurality, the first flow guide portion separates the plurality of first channels, and the plurality of first channels are provided.
  • a first channel converges at the first cavity.
  • a plurality of the first openings are provided, the plurality of first passages are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first openings, and the plurality of first openings are located in the The body is distributed in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of first openings are located at the same position in the axial direction of the body.
  • the body includes a second flow guide portion, the second channel is provided in a plurality, the second flow guide portion separates the plurality of second channels, and the plurality of second channels are provided.
  • a second channel converges at the second cavity.
  • a plurality of the second openings are provided, the plurality of second channels correspond to the plurality of second openings one-to-one, and the plurality of second openings are located in the plurality of second openings.
  • the body is distributed in the circumferential direction; the plurality of second openings are located at the same position in the axial direction of the body.
  • the first cavity includes a first stepped surface, and the first stepped surface divides the first cavity into two first cavity with different cross-sectional areas in the radial direction.
  • a sub-cavity the second cavity includes a second stepped surface, and the second stepped surface divides the second cavity into two second sub-cavities with different cross-sectional areas in the radial direction.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a hydraulic end, comprising: a valve box, the valve box includes an inner cavity; and any one of the above-mentioned flow dividers, the flow divider is located in the inner cavity.
  • the inner cavity includes an alternating cavity, a low pressure cavity and a high pressure cavity, and the alternating cavity, the low pressure cavity and the high pressure cavity are in sequence along the axial direction of the valve box
  • the second end is located in the high-pressure chamber
  • the first opening is located in the low-pressure chamber
  • the first end and the second opening are located in the alternating chamber
  • the second opening and the The alternating cavity is communicated
  • the valve box includes a liquid inlet hole and a liquid discharge hole, the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the first opening, and the liquid discharge hole is communicated with the high pressure chamber.
  • the liquid end further includes a plunger
  • the inner cavity further includes a plunger cavity
  • the plunger cavity is configured to accommodate the plunger, the plunger cavity, the plunger cavity, and the plunger cavity.
  • the alternating chamber, the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve box.
  • the hydraulic end further includes a first valve assembly and a first guide portion, the first valve assembly is located in the alternating chamber, the first valve assembly is configured to open to communicate with the low pressure cavity and the alternating cavity or be configured to be closed to separate the low pressure cavity and the alternating cavity, the first valve assembly includes a first valve body, a first seal and a first a valve seat, the first valve seat is annular and includes a first intermediate hole, the first intermediate hole is configured to circulate a fluid, and the first valve body includes a first main body part and a first main body part separately provided The first guide rod and the second guide rod on both sides, a part of the first seal is embedded in the first groove of the first main body part, and the first valve seat and the first guide part are located at the In the first cavity, the first valve body is not in contact with the valve box.
  • the liquid end further includes a first spring and a spring seat
  • the first spring is located between the spring seat and the first body portion
  • the first guide portion includes A first guide seat and a first guide sleeve connected with the first guide seat
  • the first guide seat includes a first through hole
  • the first through hole is configured to circulate fluid
  • the first guide sleeve is is configured to receive a portion of the first guide rod to be configured to guide the first valve body
  • the spring seat has a second guide sleeve configured to receive the second guide A portion of the rod is configured to guide the first valve body.
  • the spring seat has an annular groove to be configured to receive the first spring and a hollow structure to be configured to communicate fluid.
  • the hydraulic end further includes a second valve assembly and a second guide portion, the second valve assembly is located in the high pressure chamber, the second valve assembly is configured to open to communicating the alternating chamber and the high pressure chamber or being configured to be closed to separate the alternating chamber and the high pressure chamber, the second valve assembly includes a second valve body, a second seal and a second valve
  • the second valve seat is annular and includes a second intermediate hole, the second intermediate hole is configured to circulate fluid
  • the second valve body includes a second main body part and two parts disposed on the second main body part.
  • the liquid end further includes a second spring and a gland
  • the second spring is located between the pressing cover and the second main body
  • the second guide part includes a second guide seat and a third guide sleeve connected with the second guide seat, the second guide seat including a second through hole configured to communicate fluid
  • the third guide sleeve configured to receive a portion of the third guide rod configured to guide the second valve body
  • the gland has a fourth guide sleeve configured to receive a portion of the fourth guide rod configured to guide the second valve body.
  • the second guide sleeve is provided with a drain hole, and the drain hole is configured to flow fluid.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a plunger pump, comprising any of the above-mentioned hydraulic ends.
  • 1A is a cross-sectional view of a plunger pump.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic end of the plunger pump shown in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of the valve box in the liquid end shown in FIG. 1B .
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a flow divider provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure (the cross-section is a vertical plane passing through the axis of the body).
  • FIG. 2C is a perspective view (top perspective view of FIG. 2A ) of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2D is a left side view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2E is a left perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3A is a perspective view of a shunt from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a flow divider according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (the cross-section is a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the body).
  • FIG. 3C is a perspective view (top perspective view of FIG. 3A ) of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3D is a right side view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3E is a right perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cross section of the diverter shown in Fig. 2A or Fig. 3A taken perpendicular to the axis of the body.
  • FIG. 5 is a front structural view of a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a valve box of a hydraulic end according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a valve box of a hydraulic end according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9A is an assembly view of a first guide part and a first guide assistant in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9B is a perspective perspective view of a first guide portion and a first guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG 10 is a perspective view of a first valve seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11A is an exploded view of a first valve body and a first seal in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11B is a perspective view of a first valve body and a first sealing member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11C is a perspective view of the first valve body and the first sealing member in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure from another perspective.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a spring seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 13A is an assembly view of a second guide portion and a third guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13B is a perspective perspective view of a second guide portion and a third guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a second valve seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15A is an exploded view of a second valve body and a second seal in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15B is a perspective view of the second valve body and the second seal in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15C is a perspective view of the second valve body and the second sealing member in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure from another perspective.
  • 16 is a perspective view of a gland in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 17 is a partial schematic view of a flow divider, a first valve assembly, a first valve seat, and a first guide portion in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a plunger pump according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a plunger pump includes a power end and a hydraulic end.
  • the power end is responsible for transferring the energy of the prime mover to the hydraulic end.
  • the power end mainly includes the case, crankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead and tie rod;
  • the hydraulic end is responsible for transferring the energy of the prime mover to the hydraulic end.
  • the mechanical energy from the power end is converted into the pressure energy of the liquid.
  • the hydraulic end is an important component installed at the front end of the plunger pump.
  • the low-pressure liquid is converted into high-pressure liquid, and the high-pressure liquid is accumulated in the manifold and driven downhole.
  • a plunger pump with a liquid end can be applied to oil and gas field fracturing/cementing equipment, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a plunger pump.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic end of the plunger pump shown in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of the valve box in the liquid end shown in FIG. 1B .
  • the plunger pump 003 includes a power end 002 and a hydraulic end 001 .
  • the hydraulic end 001 mainly includes a valve box 01 , a plunger 02 , a valve assembly 03 , a valve assembly 04 , a sealing assembly, a gland 05 and a gland 06 .
  • FIG. 1A also shows the clamp 07 , the tie rod 08 , the crosshead 09 , the connecting rod 010 , the case 011 , and the crankshaft 012 .
  • the liquid end 001 further includes a valve seat 021, a spring 022, a suction gland 023, a suction pressure riser 024, a spring 025, a drain hole 026, a packing packing 027 for sealing, and a packing pressure riser 028 .
  • FIG. 1C shows the crisscross structure of the valve box 01 .
  • the working principle of the plunger pump is as follows: the crankshaft 012 of the power end 002 is rotated under the drive of the prime mover, which drives the connecting rod 010 and the cross head 09 to reciprocate horizontally, and the cross head 09 drives the plunger 02 in the valve box 01 through the pull rod 08. Perform a horizontal reciprocating motion.
  • the plunger 02 moves back, the internal volume of the valve box 01 gradually increases, forming a partial vacuum.
  • the valve assembly 03 is opened, the valve assembly 04 is closed, the medium enters the inner cavity of the valve box 01, and the plunger 02 returns to the limit position , the inner cavity of the valve box 01 is filled with medium, and the suction action is completed.
  • the valve box of the hydraulic end is a cross intersecting structure.
  • the inner cavity of the valve box 02 is divided into a low pressure area 01a, an alternating area 01b and a high pressure area 01c according to the pressure.
  • the intersecting line is just in the alternating zone 01b.
  • the mechanical analysis shows that the stress concentration at the intersecting line is obvious.
  • fatigue cracks are prone to occur at the intersecting line, resulting in cracking of the valve box 01 and water leakage. It needs to be replaced on site.
  • the valve box is frequent, and the replacement cost is high, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3E provide a shunt according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2A is a perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2B is a cross-sectional view of a flow divider provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure (the cross-section is a vertical plane passing through the axis of the body).
  • FIG. 2C is a perspective view (top perspective view of FIG. 2A ) of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2D is a left side view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 2E is a left perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a shunt from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3B is a cross-sectional view of a flow divider according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (the cross-section is a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the body).
  • FIG. 3C is a perspective view (top perspective view of FIG. 3A ) of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3D is a right side view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3E is a right perspective view of a shunt provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the flow divider 1 includes: a body 10 , a first opening 11 a , a first channel 11 b , a first cavity 11 c , and a second opening 21a, the second channel 21b, and the second cavity 21c.
  • 2A and 3A are drawings of the same shunt from different perspectives.
  • a shunt is provided, the body 10 is cylindrical, and the body 10 includes a first end 1001 , a second end 1002 , and a connection between the first end 1001 and the Side 1003 of second end 1002 .
  • the body 10 is cylindrical.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are described by taking the body 10 as an example of a cylindrical shape.
  • the first cavity 11c is located at the first end 1001 ; the second cavity 21c is located at the second end 1002 .
  • the first concave cavity 11 c is an open cavity, and the first concave cavity 11 c is recessed into the body 10 at the first end 1001 .
  • the second concave cavity 21 c is an open cavity, and the second concave cavity 21 c is recessed into the body 10 at the second end 1002 . That is, whether it is the first cavity or the second cavity, the cavity means that the cavity is recessed from the end of the body into the body to form a cavity.
  • the first opening 11a is located on the side surface 1003 of the body 10; the second opening 21a is located on the side surface 1003 of the body 10.
  • the first channel 11b communicates with the first opening 11a and the first cavity 11c, respectively; the first channel 11b extends from the first opening 11a to the first cavity 11c, and is configured to circulate fluid .
  • the fluid is the medium mentioned above.
  • the second channel 21b communicates with the second opening 21a and the second cavity 21c, respectively; the second channel 21b extends from the second opening 21a to the second cavity 21c, and is configured to communicate fluid .
  • a fluid is a flowable substance.
  • fluids include fracturing fluids, and fracturing fluids include sand-carrying fluids.
  • the sand-carrying fluid includes water, sand and additives.
  • the sand includes quartz sand.
  • the fluid also includes cement mortar.
  • cement mortar is used for cementing.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the type and viscosity of the fluid.
  • the diverter provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in fracturing process and cementing process, but is not limited thereto, and can also be applied in other fields where liquid diversion is required.
  • the first opening 11a is located on the side surface 1003 of the main body 10; It is also advantageous to obtain the first opening 11a and the second opening 21b of equal or approximately equal size.
  • the sizes of the first opening 11a and the second opening 21a are large, that is, the apertures are large, which facilitates the fluid entering and exiting the flow divider, and is not prone to blockage.
  • the first opening 11a and the second opening 21a which are of equal or approximately equal size, facilitate the balance between the incoming fluid and the outgoing fluid of the diverter. That is, the amount of fluid entering the diverter and the amount of fluid exiting the diverter are substantially similar. For example, where a diverter is used in a plunger pump, the amount of fluid entering the diverter when the plunger travels back and the amount of fluid exiting the diverter when the plunger progresses is substantially approximate.
  • the first opening 11a is closer to the second end 1002 than the second opening 21a, and the second opening 21a is closer than the first opening 11a closer to the first end 1001 .
  • the length of the first channel 11b in the axial direction of the body 10 is smaller than that of the second channel 21b in the body 10 Length on the axis.
  • the axial direction of the body 10 is the extension direction of the central axis of the body.
  • the central axis of the body may be the axis of rotation of the cylinder.
  • the first opening 11a and the second opening 21a are located at different positions in the axial direction of the body 10 .
  • the orientations of the first opening 11a and the second opening 21a are different.
  • the size of the first opening 11a and the The two openings 21a have the same size.
  • the first channel 11b and the second channel 21b are disconnected, and the first cavity 11c and the second cavity 21c are disconnected.
  • the body 10 includes a first guide portion 101 , and a plurality of first passages 11 b are provided, that is, the flow divider includes a plurality of first passages 11 b , and the first guide portion 101 separates the plurality of first passages 11 b
  • the first channel 11b, a plurality of first channels 11b converge at the first cavity 11c.
  • the plurality of first passages 11b are all communicated with the first cavity 11c.
  • 2A to 2C show two first channels 11b, namely one first channel 11b1 and another first channel 11b2. In other embodiments, there may also be one or more than two first channels 11b, which can be set as required.
  • the first openings 11a are provided in a plurality, that is, the flow divider 1 includes a plurality of first openings 11a, a plurality of first passages 11b and a plurality of first openings 11a in one-to-one correspondence, and a plurality of The first openings 11 a are distributed in the circumferential direction of the main body 10 , and the plurality of first openings 11 a are located at the same position in the axial direction of the main body 10 .
  • the plurality of first openings 11 a may be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the body 10 .
  • first openings 11a show two first openings 11a, ie, one first opening 11a1 and another first opening 11a2.
  • the plurality of first openings 11 a are located on the circumference of the same cross-sectional circle of the body 10 .
  • the one-to-one correspondence between the plurality of first channels 11b and the plurality of first openings 11a means that the numbers of the first channels 11b and the first openings 11a are the same, and one first opening 11a corresponds to one first channel 11b.
  • the body 10 includes a second guide portion 102 , and a plurality of second channels 21 b are provided, that is, the flow divider 1 includes a plurality of second channels 21 b , and the second guide portion 102 separates a plurality of second channels 21 b
  • the channel 21b, the plurality of second channels 21b converge at the second cavity 21c.
  • the plurality of second passages 21b are all communicated with the second cavity 21c.
  • Figures 3A to 3C show two second channels 21b, one second channel 21b1 and the other second channel 21b2. In other embodiments, there may also be one or more than two second channels 21b, which can be set as required.
  • the second openings 21a are provided in multiples, that is, the flow divider 1 includes a plurality of second openings 21a, a plurality of second passages 21b and a plurality of second openings 21a in one-to-one correspondence, and a plurality of second openings 21a are provided.
  • the plurality of second openings 21 a are distributed in the circumferential direction of the main body 10 ; the plurality of second openings 21 a are located at the same position in the axial direction of the main body 10 .
  • the plurality of second openings 21 a may be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the body 10 .
  • 3A to 3C show two second openings 21a, ie, a second opening 21a1 and a second opening 21a2.
  • the plurality of second openings 21 a are located on the circumference of the same cross-sectional circle of the body 10 .
  • the one-to-one correspondence between the plurality of second channels 21b and the plurality of second openings 21a means that the number of the second channels 21b and the second openings 21a are the same, and one second opening 21a corresponds to one second channel 21b.
  • the diverter 1 includes a central axis A1 .
  • the two first channels 11b are axially symmetrical with respect to the central axis A1.
  • the two second channels 21b are axially symmetrical with respect to the central axis A1.
  • the first channel 11b extends from a position close to the side surface 1003 to a position close to the central axis A1 and then extends along the extending direction of the central axis A1.
  • the second channel 21b extends from a position close to the side surface 1003 to a position close to the central axis A1 and then extends along the extending direction of the central axis A1.
  • the diverter 1 is an axisymmetric structure with respect to the central axis A1.
  • the first cavity 11c includes a first stepped surface 11s.
  • the first stepped surface 11s divides the first cavity 11c into two first sub-cavities with different cross-sectional areas in the radial direction, and the first stepped surface 11s may be configured to place other part.
  • the second cavity 21c includes a second stepped surface 21s.
  • the second stepped surface 21s divides the second cavity 21c into two second sub-cavities having different cross-sectional areas in the radial direction.
  • the second step surface 21s may be configured to place other components.
  • FIG. 2B shows one second sub-cavity 21c1 and another second sub-cavity 21c2.
  • the second sub-cavity 21c1 and the second sub-cavity 21c2 communicate with each other.
  • FIG. 3B shows one first sub-cavity 11c1 and another first sub-cavity 11c2.
  • the first sub-cavity 11c1 and the first sub-cavity 11c2 communicate with each other.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a cross-section of the diverter shown in Figure 2A or Figure 3A taken perpendicular to the axis of the body.
  • FIG. 4 shows the first air guide part 101 and the second air guide part 102 , for example, the first air guide part 101 and the second air guide part 102 can be integrated, and the first air guide part 101 is in the axial direction of the body is smaller than the length of the second air guide portion 102 in the axial direction of the body.
  • Figure 4 shows two fluid inlet channels and two fluid outlet channels.
  • first channel 11b and the second channel 21b are disconnected, and the first cavity 11c and the second cavity 21c are disconnected, so as to facilitate fluid entry and discharge shunt.
  • One of the first channel 11b and the second channel 21b is a fluid inlet channel, and the other of the first channel 11b and the second channel 21b is a fluid discharge channel.
  • the pore diameters of the two first channels 11b are the same, the diameters of the two second channels 21b are the same, and The hole diameter of the first channel 11b and the hole diameter of the second channel 21b are the same.
  • the diverter can be made of alloy steel material, but not limited thereto.
  • the diverter provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be fabricated by conventional processing methods according to its structure.
  • FIG. 5 is a front structural view of a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a valve box of a hydraulic end according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 8 is a cross-sectional view of a valve box of a hydraulic end according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9A is an assembly view of a first guide part and a first guide assistant in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 9B is a perspective perspective view of a first guide portion and a first guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a first valve seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11A is an exploded view of a first valve body and a first seal in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11B is a perspective view of a first valve body and a first sealing member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11C is a perspective view of the first valve body and the first sealing member in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure from another perspective.
  • 12 is a perspective view of a spring seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 13A is an assembly view of a second guide portion and a third guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 13B is a perspective perspective view of a second guide portion and a third guide auxiliary member in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 14 is a perspective view of a second valve seat in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15A is an exploded view of a second valve body and a second seal in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15B is a perspective view of the second valve body and the second seal in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 15C is a perspective view of the second valve body and the second sealing member in the hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure from another perspective.
  • 16 is a perspective view of a gland in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 17 is a partial schematic view of a flow divider, a first valve assembly, a first valve seat, and a first guide portion in a hydraulic end provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The hydraulic end provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 17 .
  • the hydraulic end 3 includes: a valve box 2 and any one of the above-mentioned flow dividers 1 , the valve box 2 includes an inner cavity 200 , and the flow divider 1 is located in the inner cavity 200 .
  • the valve box 2 includes an inner cavity 200 .
  • the valve box 2 further includes a liquid inlet hole 211 , a liquid discharge hole 212 , a water pipe connection hole 231 , a grease injection hole 232 and a connection hole 233 .
  • the diameter of the liquid inlet hole 211 is the same as the diameter of the first opening 11 a of the flow divider 1 .
  • the inner cavity 200 includes an alternating cavity 201 , a low pressure cavity 202 and a high pressure cavity 203 , and the alternating cavity 201 , the low pressure cavity 202 and the high pressure cavity 203 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve box 2 .
  • the end 1002 is located in the high pressure chamber 203, the first opening 11a is located in the low pressure chamber 202, the first end 1001 and the second opening 21a are located in the alternating chamber 201, the second opening 21a is communicated with the alternating chamber 201, and the valve box 2 includes a liquid inlet hole 211
  • the liquid inlet hole 211 communicates with the first opening 11 a and the liquid discharge hole 212 communicates with the high pressure chamber 203 .
  • the axial direction of the valve box 2 is the extending direction of the central axis A0 of the valve box 2 .
  • the axial direction of the valve box 2 is the horizontal direction.
  • the central axis A1 of the diverter coincides with the central axis A0 of the valve box 2 (refer to FIG. 8 ).
  • the fluid end 3 also includes a plunger 8 .
  • the lumen 200 also includes a plunger cavity 204 configured to receive the plunger 8 .
  • the plunger cavity 204 , the alternating cavity 201 , the low pressure cavity 202 and the high pressure cavity 203 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve box 2 , and the valve box 2 of the hydraulic end 3 has no intersecting line, so the hydraulic end is Straight-through liquid end.
  • the valve box in the straight-through hydraulic end is easy to process, compact in structure, low in drainage resistance and light in weight.
  • the alternating chamber 201 may be referred to as the first chamber
  • the low pressure chamber 202 may also be referred to as the second chamber
  • the high pressure chamber 203 may also be referred to as the third chamber
  • the plunger chamber 204 may be referred to as the fourth chamber.
  • the hydraulic end provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a straight-through hydraulic end, which can solve the problem of valve box cracking caused by stress concentration at the intersecting line, and prolong the service life of the valve box.
  • “transfer” the area inside the valve box that is subject to the alternating load "transfer” the place prone to cracks from the valve box to another part, and replace the part when damaged to prolong the service life of the valve box, After all, valve box replacement is expensive and time-consuming.
  • the hydraulic end provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a straight-through hydraulic end, and the first end 1001 of the diverter 1 is located in the alternating cavity 201 , which can bear the alternating load, and the places prone to cracks are transferred to the diverter 1 , when the diverter 1 is damaged, the diverter can be replaced, which can better protect the valve box, prolong the service life of the valve box, reduce the number of replacements of the valve box, reduce costs and save time.
  • the hydraulic end provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is small in volume, and can be connected to the power end of the prior art plunger pump or connected to the linear motor by means of clamps, bolts, etc.
  • the flow divider is processed with two first channels 11b and two second channels 21b, which can flow high-pressure liquid and low-pressure liquid respectively.
  • the first channel is a suction channel, which circulates low-pressure liquid
  • the two second channels are drainage channels, which circulate high-pressure liquid.
  • the two first channels and the two second channels are evenly distributed along the axis.
  • the flow divider 1 can separate the low pressure chamber, the alternating cavity and the high pressure cavity, and are sealed and isolated by two sealing rings located between the flow divider 1 and the valve box 2 respectively.
  • the inner cavity 200 is a horizontal cavity, and the inner cavity 200 is divided into a plunger cavity 204 , an alternating cavity 201 , a low pressure cavity 202 and a high pressure cavity 203 from left to right.
  • the intersecting line, the inner cavity 200 is smooth in transition, so it is not easy for the valve box 2 to crack due to stress concentration.
  • the valve box 2 is provided with a connection hole 233 , a grease injection hole 232 , a liquid inlet hole 211 , and a liquid discharge hole 212 .
  • the valve box 2 may be a single-cylinder valve box or a multi-cylinder valve box.
  • the number of the liquid inlet holes 211 is equal to the number of the first openings 11a. That is, one first opening 11 a corresponds to one liquid inlet hole 211 .
  • connection hole 233 of the hydraulic end is to tighten the hydraulic end to the equipment, evenly distribute the axis of the inner cavity, and reserve grooves on one side of the orifice for placing bolts.
  • the function of the upper water pipe connection hole 231 is to tighten the upper water pipe manifold to the hydraulic end 3, so that the axis of the inlet hole is evenly distributed.
  • the upper and lower sides of the valve box 2 are symmetrically distributed.
  • the liquid inlet hole is the liquid suction channel through which the low-pressure medium enters the valve box 2, and the liquid suction channel can be in the form of single channel, double channel, four channels, etc., but not limited to this.
  • the liquid discharge hole is the liquid discharge channel through which the high-pressure medium is discharged from the valve box 2 , and can be in the form of a central position, an offset, etc. with the valve body as the center.
  • the variable load also facilitates the setting of the valve assembly (the first valve assembly mentioned later) in the alternating chamber 201 .
  • the liquid end 3 further includes a first valve assembly 31 and a first guide portion 41 , the first valve assembly 31 is located in the alternating chamber 201 , and the first valve assembly 31 is configured to open
  • the first valve assembly 31 includes a first valve body 31a, a first seal 31b and a first valve seat 31c .
  • the first valve seat 31c is annular and includes a first intermediate hole 310 configured to pass fluid.
  • the first valve body 31 a includes a first main body part 313 , a first guide rod 311 and a second guide rod 312 respectively disposed on both sides of the first main body part 313 , and a part of the first sealing member 31 b It is embedded in the first groove G1 of the first main body portion 313 .
  • the first valve seat 31 c and the first guide portion 41 are located in the first concave cavity 11 c , and the first valve body 31 a is not in contact with the valve box 2 .
  • the first valve seat 31c is annular, but not limited thereto.
  • the first valve assembly 31 adopts the first valve body 31a and the first sealing member 31b to cooperate to improve the sealing effect and avoid serial pressure.
  • the first valve body 31a is not in contact with the valve box 2, which can prevent the first valve body 31a from wearing the valve box 2 under the action of gravity. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , there is a space between the first valve body 31 a and the valve box 2 .
  • the liquid end 3 further includes a first spring 51 and a spring seat 61 .
  • the first spring 51 is located between the spring seat 61 and the first main body portion 313 .
  • the first guide portion 41 includes a first guide seat 411 and a first guide sleeve 412 connected to the first guide seat 411 , and a first guide can be arranged in the first guide sleeve 412
  • the auxiliary member 401 and the first guide seat 411 include a first through hole 411a, and the first through hole 411a is configured to circulate a fluid. As shown in FIGS.
  • the first guide sleeve 412 is configured to receive a portion of the first guide rod 311 to be configured to guide the first valve body 31 a .
  • the spring seat 61 has a second guide sleeve 612 that is configured to receive a portion of the second guide rod 312 to be configured to conduct the first valve body 31 a .
  • the first valve body 31a is better guided, so that the structure of the hydraulic end is more stable.
  • the second guide sleeve 612 guides the opening and closing of the first valve body 31 .
  • a second guide auxiliary member 602 may be disposed in the second guide sleeve 612 to prevent the second guide rod 312 from eccentrically wearing the second guide sleeve 612 .
  • the first guide base 411 is connected to the first guide sleeve 412 through the first connecting piece 451 and the second connecting piece 452 , and the first guide portion 41 includes two first through holes 411 a.
  • the first connecting member 451 and the second connecting member 452 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first guide sleeve 412, and the two first through holes 411a are symmetrically disposed. It should be noted that the structure of the first guide portion 41 is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B .
  • the first sealing member 31b and the first valve body 31a are integrally formed by interference fit to perform a sealing function.
  • a first spring 51 is installed on one side of the first valve body 31a to exert elastic force on the first valve body 31a all the time, and the first guide rod 311 and the second guide rod 312 on both sides of the first valve body 31a are inserted into the first guide sleeve 412 respectively. and the second guide sleeve 612, so that the first valve body 31a is not eccentric when the first valve body 31a reciprocates left and right.
  • the spring seat 61 is provided in the inner cavity of the valve box 2 .
  • the spring seat 61 has an annular groove 61G to be configured to place the first spring 51 and a hollow structure 610 to be configured to communicate fluid.
  • An elastic force is always applied to the first valve body 31 by the first spring 51 .
  • the structure of the spring seat 61 is hollow to facilitate the flow of the medium.
  • the hollow structure 610 is a through hole.
  • FIG. 12 shows a plurality of hollow structures 610 .
  • the hollow structure 610 may be a through hole.
  • the plurality of hollow structures 610 can be evenly distributed.
  • FIG. 12 shows three hollow structures 610 .
  • the liquid end 3 further includes a second valve assembly 32 and a second guide portion 42 , the second valve assembly 32 is located in the high pressure chamber 203 , and the second valve assembly 32 is configured to open to Connecting the alternating chamber 201 and the high pressure chamber 203 or being configured to be closed to separate the alternating chamber 201 and the high pressure chamber 203, the second valve assembly 32 includes a second valve body 32a, a second seal 32b and a second valve seat 32c. As shown in FIGS. 5 , 6 , and 14 , the second valve seat 32c is annular and includes a second intermediate hole 320 configured to communicate fluid. As shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , and FIGS.
  • the second valve body 32 a includes a second main body portion 325 and a third guide rod 323 and a fourth guide rod 324 respectively disposed on both sides of the second main body portion 325 , A portion of the second sealing member 32b is embedded in the second groove G2 of the second main body portion 325 .
  • the liquid end 3 further includes a second spring 52 and a pressure cover 62 , the second spring 52 is located between the pressure cover 62 and the second main body part 325 , and the second guide part 42 includes a second guide The seat 421 and the third guide sleeve 422. As shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 13A and FIG.
  • the second guide seat 421 includes a second through hole 421 a configured to circulate fluid
  • the third guide sleeve 422 is configured to accommodate the third guide sleeve 421
  • a part of the rod 323 is configured to guide the second valve body 32a, so as to form a double-sided guide, so as to better guide the second valve body 32a, so that the structure of the liquid end is more stable.
  • a third guide auxiliary member 403 may be arranged in the third guide sleeve 422 to prevent the third guide rod 323 from eccentrically wearing the third guide sleeve 422 .
  • the gland 62 has a fourth guide sleeve 624 that is configured to receive a portion of the fourth guide rod 324 to be configured to conduct the second valve body 32 a . guide.
  • the second guide seat 421 is connected to the third guide sleeve 422 through the third connecting piece 453 and the fourth connecting piece 454 , and the second guide portion 42 includes two second Through hole 421a.
  • the third connecting member 453 and the fourth connecting member 454 are respectively disposed on two sides of the third guide sleeve 422, and the two second through holes 421a are symmetrically disposed. It should be noted that the structure of the second guide portion 42 is not limited to that shown in Figs. 13A and 13B.
  • the first stepped surface 11s may be configured to place the first guide portion 41
  • the second stepped surface 21s may be configured to place the second guide portion 42 . That is, the first stepped surface 11s is arranged to limit the position of the first guide portion 41
  • the second stepped surface 21s is arranged to limit the position of the second guide portion 42 .
  • the second sealing member 32b and the second valve body 32a are in an interference fit as a whole to play a sealing role.
  • a second spring 52 is installed on one side of the second valve body 32a to always exert elastic force on the second valve body 32a, and the third guide rod 323 and the fourth guide rod 324 on both sides of the second valve body 32a are inserted into the third guide sleeve 422 respectively. And in the fourth guide sleeve 624, when the second valve body 32a reciprocates left and right, it is ensured that the second valve body 32a is not eccentric.
  • first valve assembly 31 and the second valve assembly 32 are symmetrically distributed and can be interchanged, and the first spring 51 and the second spring 52 are also interchangeable.
  • the fourth guide sleeve 624 is provided with a drain hole 6240 , and the drain hole 6240 is configured to circulate fluid.
  • the fourth guide auxiliary member 604 is also provided with a drain hole so that the fluid can also pass through the fourth guide auxiliary member 604
  • the drain hole in the fourth guide sleeve 624 and the drain hole in the fourth guide sleeve 624 flow out.
  • the gland 62 is a cage-like structure. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the gland 62 has the following four functions: 1) facilitating the smooth entry of the high-pressure fluid into the drain hole; 2) resisting the flow divider to prevent the flow divider from moving back and forth; 3) acting as the second valve body 4) Act as a guide seat for the second valve body.
  • the gland 62 is machined with a drain hole, which facilitates the movement of the second valve body, and fluid can flow out when the fourth guide rod of the second valve body moves, so that the movement of the second valve body is smooth.
  • the gland is sealed with a sealing ring to prevent liquid from entering the gland threads and rusting.
  • the gland is provided with a pull-out hole for easy disassembly during maintenance. The gland integrates multiple functions, making the hydraulic end compact.
  • the first valve seat 31c and the flow divider 1 are matched to limit the position through the taper hole, so as to avoid displacement of the first valve seat 31c during the fluid discharge process.
  • Reference numeral 1a in FIG. 17 denotes the surface of the tapered hole.
  • FIG. 17 also shows the limiting structure 1 b , the limiting structure 1 b includes a limiting step to define the position of the first guide portion 41 .
  • the arrangement of the tapered hole enables the first valve seat 31c to closely fit with the diverter 1 and press the first guide seat 411 during the liquid discharge process.
  • the first guide seat 411 can support the first valve seat 31c to prevent it from moving to the right. As shown in FIG.
  • the angle formed by the surface of the first valve seat 31c abutting with the diverter 1 and the surface of the first valve seat 31c abutting with the first guide seat 411 is an obtuse angle to match the surface of the tapered hole.
  • the guiding aid functions to guide and prevent partial wear.
  • the guide assistant may be made of rubber material, but is not limited thereto.
  • the guiding aids include at least one of a first guiding aid 401 , a second guiding aid 602 , a third guiding aid 403 , and a fourth guiding aid 604 .
  • the first valve assembly 31 and the second valve assembly 32 can be used interchangeably.
  • the inner cavity may be a single cylinder or multiple cylinders.
  • the hydraulic end provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used with equipment such as a plunger pump and a linear motor.
  • equipment such as a plunger pump and a linear motor.
  • the hydraulic end is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the motor.
  • the hydraulic end 3 further includes a pressure cap 63 , the pressure cap 63 is connected with the valve box 2 by screws, and the pressure cap 63 is configured to press the gland 62 .
  • the liquid end 3 further includes a plunger 8 and a clamp 7, and the internal moving parts of the liquid end 3 are the plunger 8, the first valve body 31a and the second valve body 32a, All are reciprocating movements.
  • one side of the clamp 7 of the liquid end is installed on the plunger, the other side can be connected with a plunger pump or a linear motor, and the other components/parts are installed in the valve box.
  • one side of the plunger 8 is equipped with a clamp 7 to facilitate connection with a plunger pump or a linear motor, and the other side extends into the interior of the valve box 2, and a drawing hole is processed on this side. It is convenient to pull out the plunger from the right side of the valve box during later maintenance; the plunger and the valve box are not in an interference fit, so they need to be sealed and leak-proof.
  • the packing is installed between the spacer ring and the pressure ring, and the oil scraping ring is installed on the inner side of the packing pressure cap 28; the packing pressure cap 28 is threadedly connected with the valve box 2, and the packing pressure cap 28 is tightened to squeeze the packing The expansion plays a sealing role.
  • the right end of the packing cap 28 is machined with a small through hole, so that the grease in the grease injection hole can enter the valve box 2 to lubricate the packing and the plunger.
  • the left end of the packing cap is machined with a large blind Holes for easy tool tightening of packing glands.
  • the above-mentioned medium is a fluid, and can also be called a divided substance.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a plunger pump 30 , as shown in FIG. 18 , including any of the above-mentioned hydraulic ends 3 .
  • the plunger pump 30 also includes a power end 300 .
  • the structure of the power end 300 may refer to the power end 002 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the plunger pump may be an electric-driven skid plunger pump, a vehicle-mounted plunger pump, or a plunger pump driven by a linear motor.

Abstract

一种分流器（1）、液力端（3）以及柱塞泵（30）。分流器包括：本体（10），本体（10）为柱形，本体（10）包括第一端（1001）、第二端（1002）、以及连接第一端（1001）和第二端（1002）的侧面（1003）；第一开口（11a），位于本体（10）的侧面（1003）；第一凹腔（11c），位于第一端（1001）；第一通道（11b），分别与第一开口（11a）和第一凹腔（11c）连通，第一通道（11b）从第一开口（11a）延伸至第一凹腔（11c），并被配置为流通流体；第二开口（21a），位于本体（10）的侧面（1003）；第二凹腔（21c），位于第二端（1002）；以及第二通道（21b），分别与第二开口（21a）和第二凹腔（21c）连通，第二通道（21b）从第二开口（21a）延伸至第二凹腔（21c），并被配置为流通流体。该分流器利于获得孔径较大的第一开口和第二开口，也利于获得尺寸相等或尺寸大致相等的第一开口和第二开口，并且，直通式液力端可解决因相贯线处应力集中导致的阀箱开裂问题，延长阀箱使用寿命。

Description

分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵
相关申请的交叉引用
出于所有目的，本专利申请要求于2021年2月4日递交的中国专利申请第202110156898.1号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本公开的示例的一部分。
技术领域
本公开至少一实施例涉及一种分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵。
背景技术
目前油气田开采过程中压裂施工是主要增产方式，柱塞泵则是增产作业中泵送压裂介质的主要设备。换言之，在油气开采的整个流程中，凡是需要在特定压力下向井内输送介质的工艺，都需要通过柱塞泵来实现。
发明内容
本公开的至少一实施例涉及一种分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵。
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种分流器，包括：本体，所述本体为柱形，所述本体包括第一端、第二端、以及连接所述第一端和所述第二端的侧面；第一开口，位于所述本体的侧面；第一凹腔，位于所述第一端；第一通道，分别与所述第一开口和所述第一凹腔连通，所述第一通道从所述第一开口延伸至所述第一凹腔，并被配置为流通流体；第二开口，位于所述本体的侧面；第二凹腔，位于所述第二端；以及第二通道，分别与所述第二开口和所述第二凹腔连通，所述第二通道从所述第二开口延伸至所述第二凹腔，并被配置为流通流体。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开口比所述第二开口更靠近所述第二端，所述第二开口比所述第一开口更靠近所述第一端。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开口和所述第二开口位于所述本体的轴向上的不同位置。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开口和所述第二开口的朝向 不同，所述第一开口的尺寸和所述第二开口的尺寸相同。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一通道和所述第二通道不连通，所述第一凹腔和所述第二凹腔不连通。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述本体包括第一导流部，所述第一通道设置为多个，所述第一导流部分隔所述多个第一通道，所述多个第一通道在所述第一凹腔处汇集。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开口设置为多个，所述多个第一通道与所述多个第一开口一一对应，所述多个第一开口在所述本体的周向上分布，所述多个第一开口在所述本体的轴向上位于同一位置。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述本体包括第二导流部，所述第二通道设置为多个，所述第二导流部分隔所述多个第二通道，所述多个第二通道在所述第二凹腔处汇集。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第二开口设置为多个，所述多个第二通道与所述多个第二开口一一对应，所述多个第二开口在所述本体的周向上分布；所述多个第二开口在所述本体的轴向上位于同一位置。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一凹腔包括第一台阶面，所述第一台阶面将所述第一凹腔分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第一子凹腔，所述第二凹腔包括第二台阶面，所述第二台阶面将所述第二凹腔分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第二子凹腔。
本公开的至少一实施例还提供一种液力端，包括：阀箱，所述阀箱包括内腔；上述任一分流器，所述分流器位于所述内腔中。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述内腔包括交变腔、低压腔和高压腔，所述交变腔、所述低压腔和所述高压腔沿所述阀箱的轴向依次设置，所述第二端位于所述高压腔，所述第一开口位于所述低压腔，所述第一端和所述第二开口位于所述交变腔，所述第二开口与所述交变腔连通，所述阀箱包括进液孔和排液孔，所述进液孔与所述第一开口连通，所述排液孔与所述高压腔连通。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，液力端还包括柱塞，所述内腔还包括柱塞腔，所述柱塞腔被配置为容纳所述柱塞，所述柱塞腔、所述交变腔、所述低压腔和所述高压腔沿所述阀箱的轴向依次设置。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述分流器的所述第一端和所述阀箱之间具有所述交变腔的一部分。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，液力端还包括第一阀组件和第一导向部，所述第一阀组件位于所述交变腔内，所述第一阀组件被配置为打开以连通所述低压腔和所述交变腔或被配置为关闭以隔开所述低压腔和所述交变腔，所述第一阀组件包括第一阀体、第一密封件和第一阀座，所述第一阀座为环形并包括第一中间孔，所述第一中间孔被配置为流通流体，所述第一阀体包括第一主体部和分设在所述第一主体部两侧的第一导杆和第二导杆，所述第一密封件的一部分嵌入所述第一主体部的第一凹槽内，所述第一阀座和所述第一导向部位于所述第一凹腔内，所述第一阀体与所述阀箱不接触。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，液力端还包括第一弹簧和弹簧座，所述第一弹簧位于所述弹簧座和所述第一主体部之间，所述第一导向部包括第一导向座和与所述第一导向座相连的第一导向套，所述第一导向座包括第一通孔，所述第一通孔被配置为流通流体，所述第一导向套被配置为容纳所述第一导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第一阀体进行导向，所述弹簧座具有第二导向套，所述第二导向套被配置为容纳所述第二导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第一阀体进行导向。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述弹簧座具有环形凹槽以被配置为放置所述第一弹簧并具有镂空结构以被配置为流通流体。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，液力端还包括第二阀组件和第二导向部，所述第二阀组件位于所述高压腔内，所述第二阀组件被配置为打开以连通所述交变腔和所述高压腔或被配置为关闭以隔开所述交变腔和所述高压腔，所述第二阀组件包括第二阀体、第二密封件和第二阀座，所述第二阀座为环形并包括第二中间孔，所述第二中间孔被配置为流通流体，所述第二阀体包括第二主体部和分设在所述第二主体部两侧的第三导杆和第四导杆，所述第二密封件的一部分嵌入所述第二主体部的第二凹槽内，所述液力端还包括第二弹簧和压盖，所述第二弹簧位于所述压盖和所述第二主体部之间，所述第二导向部包括第二导向座和与所述第二导向座相连的第三导向套，所述第二导向座包括第二通孔，所述第二通孔被配置为流通流体，所述第三导向套被配置为容纳所述第三导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第二阀体进行导 向，所述压盖具有第四导向套，所述第四导向套被配置为容纳所述第四导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第二阀体进行导向。
例如，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第二导向套上设有泄流孔，所述泄流孔被配置为流通流体。
本公开的至少一实施例还提供一种柱塞泵，包括上述任一液力端。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1A为一种柱塞泵的剖视图。
图1B为图1A所示的柱塞泵中的液力端的示意图。
图1C为图1B所示的液力端中的阀箱的示意图。
图2A为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的立体图。
图2B为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的截面图(截面为通过本体的轴线的竖直面)。
图2C为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的透视图(图2A的俯视透视图)。
图2D为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的左视图。
图2E为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的左视透视图。
图3A为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的另一视角的立体图。
图3B为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的截面图(截面为通过本体的轴线的水平面)。
图3C为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的透视图(图3A的俯视透视图)。
图3D为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的右视图。
图3E为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的右视透视图。
图4为图2A或图3A所示的分流器在垂直于本体的轴线的一个截面的示意图。
图5是本公开至少一实施例提供一种液力端的正视结构图。
图6是本公开至少一实施例还提供一种液力端的俯视结构图。
图7为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端的阀箱的结构图。
图8为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端的阀箱的剖面图。
图9A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一导向部和第一导向辅助件的装配图。
图9B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一导向部和第一导向辅助件的立体透视立体图。
图10为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀座的立体图。
图11A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的分解图。
图11B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的立体图。
图11C为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的另一视角的立体图。
图12为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的弹簧座的立体图。
图13A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二导向部和第三导向辅助件的装配图。
图13B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二导向部和第三导向辅助件的立体透视立体图。
图14为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀座的立体图。
图15A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的分解图。
图15B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的立体图。
图15C为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的另一视角的立体图。
图16为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的压盖的立体图。
图17为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的分流器、第一阀组件、第一阀座以及第一导向部的局部示意图。
图18为本公开至少一实施例提供的一种柱塞泵的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
例如，柱塞泵包括动力端和液力端，动力端负责将原动机的能量传递给液力端，动力端主要包括箱体、曲轴、连杆、十字头和拉杆；液力端则负责将来自动力端的机械能转化为液体的压力能。
例如，液力端是安装在柱塞泵前端的重要部件，通过柱塞的往复运动和阀体的控制将低压液体转化为高压液体，高压液体在管汇内集聚打入井下。例如，具有液力端的柱塞泵可应用于油气田压裂/固井设备，但不限于此。
图1A为一种柱塞泵的剖视图。图1B为图1A所示的柱塞泵中的液力端的示意图。图1C为图1B所示的液力端中的阀箱的示意图。如图1A所示，柱塞泵003包括动力端002和液力端001。如图1A和图1B所示，液力端001主要包括阀箱01、柱塞02、阀组件03、阀组件04、密封组件、压盖05和压帽06。图1A还示出了卡箍07、拉杆08、十字头09、连杆010、箱体011、以及曲轴012。如图1B所示，液力端001还包括阀座021、弹簧022、吸入压盖023、吸入压冒024、弹簧025、排液孔026、密封用盘根包027、以及盘根压冒028。图1C示出了阀箱01的十字相贯的结构。
通常，柱塞泵的工作原理如下：在原动机驱动下动力端002的曲轴012旋转，带动连杆010、十字头09水平往复运动，十字头09再通过拉杆08带动柱塞02在阀箱01内进行水平往复运动。当柱塞02作回程运动时，阀箱01内部容积逐渐增大，形成局部真空，此时阀组件03打开，阀组件04关闭，介质进入阀箱01的内腔，柱塞02回程至极限位置时，阀箱01的内腔充满介质，吸液动作完成。当柱塞02作进程运动时，阀箱01内部容积逐渐减小，介质受挤压，压力增加，此时阀组件04打开，阀组件03关闭，在压力作用下介质进入排液孔026，柱塞02进程至极限位置时，阀箱01内部的介质容纳空间最小，排液动作结束。由于柱塞02不断地往复运动，吸液、排液过程交替进行，高压介质源源不断地输出。
如图1A至图1C所示，液力端的阀箱为十字相贯结构，如图1C所示，阀箱02的内腔按照压力分为低压区01a、交变区01b和高压区01c，然而相贯线正好处于交变区01b内，力学分析显示相贯线处应力集中明显，再加上交变载荷的作用，因此相贯线处容易产生疲劳裂纹，导致阀箱01开裂漏水，现场更换阀箱频繁，且更换成本较高，耗时费力。
图2A至图2E以及图3A至图3E为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器。图2A为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的立体图。图2B为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的截面图(截面为通过本体的轴线的竖直面)。图2C为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的透视图(图2A的俯视透视图)。图2D为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的左视图。图2E为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的左视透视图。图3A为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的另一视角的立体图。图3B为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的截面图(截面为通过本体的轴线的水平面)。图3C为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的透视图(图3A的俯视透视图)。图3D为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的右视图。图3E为本公开的一实施例提供的一种分流器的右视透视图。
如图2A和图3A所示，本公开的至少一实施例提供一种分流器1，分流器1包括：本体10、第一开口11a、第一通道11b、第一凹腔11c、第二开口21a、第二通道21b、以及第二凹腔21c。图2A和图3A为同一分流器的不同视角的附图。
如图2A和图3A所示，在本公开的至少一实施例提供一种分流器中，本体10为柱形，本体10包括第一端1001、第二端1002、以及连接第一端1001和第二端1002的侧面1003。例如，本体10为圆柱形。本公开的实施例以本体10为圆柱形为例进行说明。
如图2A所示，第一凹腔11c位于第一端1001；第二凹腔21c位于第二端1002。如图2A所示，第一凹腔11c为敞口腔，第一凹腔11c在第一端1001向本体10内凹入。图3A所示，第二凹腔21c为敞口腔，第二凹腔21c在第二端1002向本体10内凹入。也就是说，无论是第一凹腔还是第二凹腔，凹腔意味着从本体的端部向本体内凹入以形成空腔。
如图2A和图3A所示，第一开口11a位于本体10的侧面1003；第二开 口21a位于本体10的侧面1003。
如图2A至图2C所示，第一通道11b分别与第一开口11a和第一凹腔11c连通；第一通道11b从第一开口11a延伸至第一凹腔11c，并被配置为流通流体。流体即为上述提及的介质。
如图3A至图3C所示，第二通道21b分别与第二开口21a和第二凹腔21c连通；第二通道21b从第二开口21a延伸至第二凹腔21c，并被配置为流通流体。
例如，流体为可流动的物质。例如，流体包括压裂液，压裂液包括携砂液。携砂液包括水、砂和添加剂。例如，砂包括石英砂。例如，流体还包括水泥砂浆。通常，固井时采用水泥砂浆。本公开的实施例对流体的类型和粘稠程度不做限定。本公开的实施例提供的分流器可应用于压裂工艺和固井工艺中，但不限于此，还可以应用在其他需要进行液体分流的领域中。
本公开至少一实施例提供的分流器，第一开口11a位于本体10的侧面1003；第二开口21a也位于本体10的侧面1003，利于获得孔径较大的第一开口11a和第二开口21a，也利于获得尺寸相等或尺寸大致相等的第一开口11a和第二开口21b。第一开口11a和第二开口21a的尺寸大，即孔径大，利于流体进入分流器和排出分流器，不容易发生堵塞。尺寸相等或大致相等的第一开口11a和第二开口21a，利于分流器进入流体和排出流体的平衡。即，进入分流器的流体的量和排出分流器的流体的量基本大致。例如，在分流器应用在柱塞泵中的情况下，柱塞回程运动时的进入分流器的流体的量和柱塞进程运动时的排出分流器的流体的量基本大致。
例如，如图2A和图3A所示，为了利于第一通道11b和第二通道21b的设置，第一开口11a比第二开口21a更靠近第二端1002，第二开口21a比第一开口11a更靠近第一端1001。
例如，如图2B、图2C、图3B和图3C所示，为了利于第一开口11a和第二开口21a的设置，第一通道11b在本体10轴向上的长度小于第二通道21b在本体10轴向上的长度。例如，在本公开的实施例中，本体10轴向为本体的中心轴的延伸方向。例如，本体的中心轴可为圆柱的旋转轴。
例如，如图2B、图2C、图3B和图3C所示，为了利于流体进入和流体排出，第一开口11a和第二开口21a位于本体10的轴向上的不同位置。
例如，如图2A和图3A所示，为了利于流体进入和流体排出，第一开口11a和第二开口21a的朝向不同，为了利于进入流体和排出流体的平衡，第一开口11a的尺寸和第二开口21a的尺寸相同。
例如，如图2A至2C和图3A至图3C所示，为了利于分流，第一通道11b和第二通道21b不连通，第一凹腔11c和第二凹腔21c不连通。
例如，如图2A至2C所示，本体10包括第一导流部101，第一通道11b设置为多个，即，分流器包括多个第一通道11b，第一导流部101分隔多个第一通道11b，多个第一通道11b在第一凹腔11c处汇集。多个第一通道11b均与第一凹腔11c连通。图2A至图2C示出了两个第一通道11b，即一个第一通道11b1和另一个第一通道11b2。在其他的实施例中，第一通道11b也可以为一个或者多于两个，可根据需要进行设置。
例如，如图2A至2C所示，第一开口11a设置为多个，即，分流器1包括多个第一开口11a，多个第一通道11b与多个第一开口11a一一对应，多个第一开口11a在本体10的周向上分布，多个第一开口11a在本体10的轴向上位于同一位置。例如，多个第一开口11a可在本体10的周向上均匀分布。图2A至2C示出了两个第一开口11a，即，一个第一开口11a1和另一个第一开口11a2。在其他的实施例中，第一开口11a也可以为一个或者多于两个，可根据需要进行设置。例如，多个第一开口11a位于本体10的同一个截面圆的圆周上。
例如，多个第一通道11b与多个第一开口11a一一对应是指第一通道11b与第一开口11a的数量相同，一个第一开口11a对应一个第一通道11b。
例如，如图3A所示，本体10包括第二导流部102，第二通道21b设置为多个，即分流器1包括多个第二通道21b，第二导流部102分隔多个第二通道21b，多个第二通道21b在第二凹腔21c处汇集。多个第二通道21b均与第二凹腔21c连通。图3A至图3C示出了两个第二通道21b，即一个第二通道21b1和另一个第二通道21b2。在其他的实施例中，第二通道21b也可以为一个或者多于两个，可根据需要进行设置。
例如，如图3A至图3C所示，第二开口21a设置为多个，即分流器1包括多个第二开口21a，多个第二通道21b与多个第二开口21a一一对应，多个第二开口21a在本体10的周向上分布；多个第二开口21a在本体10的轴 向上位于同一位置。例如，多个第二开口21a可在本体10的周向上均匀分布。图3A至3C示出了两个第二开口21a，即，第二开口21a1和第二开口21a2。在其他的实施例中，第二开口21a也可以为一个或者多于两个，可根据需要进行设置。例如，多个第二开口21a位于本体10的同一个截面圆的圆周上。
例如，多个第二通道21b与多个第二开口21a一一对应是指第二通道21b与第二开口21a的数量相同，一个第二开口21a对应一个第二通道21b。
例如，如图2C和图3C所示，分流器1包括中心轴A1。在一些实施例中，如图2C所示，两个第一通道11b相对于中心轴A1呈轴对称设置。在一些实施例中，如图3C所示，两个第二通道21b相对于中心轴A1呈轴对称设置。
例如，如图2C所示，第一通道11b从靠近侧面1003的位置延伸至靠近中心轴A1的位置再沿着中心轴A1的延伸方向延伸。例如，如图3C所示，第二通道21b从靠近侧面1003的位置延伸至靠近中心轴A1的位置再沿着中心轴A1的延伸方向延伸。
例如，在一些实施例中，分流器1为相对于中心轴A1的轴对称结构。
例如，如图2A所示，第一凹腔11c包括第一台阶面11s。如图2A和图2C所示，第一台阶面11s将第一凹腔11c分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第一子凹腔，第一台阶面11s可被配置为放置其他的部件。如图3A所示，第二凹腔21c包括第二台阶面21s。如图3C所示，第二台阶面21s将第二凹腔21c分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第二子凹腔。第二台阶面21s可被配置为放置其他的部件。第一台阶面11s和第二台阶面21s均起到限位的作用。图2B示出了一个第二子凹腔21c1和另一个第二子凹腔21c2。例如，如图2B所示，第二子凹腔21c1和第二子凹腔21c2连通。图3B示出了一个第一子凹腔11c1和另一个第一子凹腔11c2。例如，如图3B所示，第一子凹腔11c1和第一子凹腔11c2连通。
图4示出了图2A或图3A所示的分流器在垂直于本体的轴线的一个截面的示意图。图4示出了第一导流部101和第二导流部102，例如，第一导流部101和第二导流部102可为一体结构，第一导流部101在本体轴向上的长度小于第二导流部102在本体轴向上的长度。在第一通道11b为流体进入通道，第二通道21b为流体排出通道的情况下，图4示出了两条流体进入通道 和两条流体排出通道。参考图2A至图2C、图3A至图3C以及图4，第一通道11b和第二通道21b不连通，进而第一凹腔11c和第二凹腔21c不连通，以利于实现流体进入和排出分流器。第一通道11b和第二通道21b之一为流体进入通道，第一通道11b和第二通道21b之另一为流体排出通道。
例如，如图4所示，在一些实施例中，为了便于加工制作和为了使得进入流体和排出流体的平衡，两条第一通道11b的孔径相同，两条第二通道21b的孔径相同，且第一通道11b的孔径和第二通道21b的孔径相同。
例如，分流器可采用合金钢材料制作，但不限于此。本公开的实施例提供的分流器可根据其结构通过通常的加工方法制作。
图5是本公开至少一实施例提供一种液力端的正视结构图。图6是本公开至少一实施例还提供一种液力端的俯视结构图。图7为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端的阀箱的结构图。图8为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端的阀箱的剖面图。图9A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一导向部和第一导向辅助件的装配图。图9B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一导向部和第一导向辅助件的立体透视立体图。图10为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀座的立体图。图11A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的分解图。图11B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的立体图。图11C为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第一阀体和第一密封件的另一视角的立体图。图12为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的弹簧座的立体图。图13A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二导向部和第三导向辅助件的装配图。图13B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二导向部和第三导向辅助件的立体透视立体图。图14为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀座的立体图。图15A为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的分解图。图15B为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的立体图。图15C为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的第二阀体和第二密封件的另一视角的立体图。图16为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的压盖的立体图。图17为本公开至少一实施例提供的液力端中的分流器、第一阀组件、第一阀座以及第一导向部的局部示意图。以下结合图5至图17对本公开的实施例提供的液力端进行详细描述。
如图5和图6所示，液力端3包括：阀箱2以及上述任一分流器1，阀箱2包括内腔200，分流器1位于内腔200中。
例如，如图7所示，阀箱2包括内腔200。例如，如图7所示，阀箱2还包括进液孔211、排液孔212、上水管连接孔231、注脂孔232以及连接孔233。参照图5，在一些实施例中，为了利于流体的流通，进液孔211的孔径与分流器1的第一开口11a的直径相同。
例如，如图8所示，内腔200包括交变腔201、低压腔202和高压腔203，且交变腔201、低压腔202和高压腔203沿阀箱2的轴向依次设置，第二端1002位于高压腔203，第一开口11a位于低压腔202，第一端1001和第二开口21a位于交变腔201，第二开口21a与交变腔201连通，阀箱2包括进液孔211和排液孔212，进液孔211与第一开口11a连通，排液孔212与高压腔203连通。例如，阀箱2的轴向为阀箱2的中心轴A0的延伸方向。如图8所示，阀箱2的轴向为水平方向。例如，在一些实施例中，分流器的中心轴A1(参考图2C和图3C)与阀箱2的中心轴A0(参考图8)重合。
例如，参考图5至图6，液力端3还包括柱塞8。参考图8，内腔200还包括柱塞腔204，柱塞腔204被配置为容纳柱塞8。参考图8，柱塞腔204、交变腔201、低压腔202和高压腔203沿阀箱2的轴向依次设置，液力端3的阀箱2无相贯线，从而，液力端为直通式液力端。直通式液力端中的阀箱便于加工、结构紧凑、排液阻力小，重量轻。
例如，交变腔201可称作第一腔，低压腔202也称作第二腔，高压腔203也可称作第三腔，柱塞腔204可称作第四腔。
本公开的实施例提供的液力端为直通式液力端，可解决因相贯线处应力集中导致的阀箱开裂问题，延长阀箱使用寿命。换言之，将阀箱内部的承受交变载荷的区域“转移”，将容易出现裂纹的地方从阀箱“转移”到另一部件上，损坏时更换该部件即可，延长阀箱的使用寿命，毕竟阀箱更换成本较高，耗时费力。即，本公开的实施例提供的液力端为直通式液力端，分流器1的第一端1001位于交变腔201，可承担交变载荷，容易出现裂纹的地方转移到分流器1上，分流器1损坏时，更换分流器即可，从而可更好的保护阀箱，延长阀箱的使用寿命，减少阀箱的更换次数，降低成本并节省时间。例如，本公开的实施例提供的液力端体积小，可通过卡箍、螺栓等形式与已有技术 的柱塞泵的动力端相连或与直线电机连接使用。
例如，参考图2A至图2C、图3A至图3C、图4至图6，分流器加工有两条第一通道11b和两条第二通道21b，可分别流通高压液体和低压液体，两条第一通道为吸液通道，流通低压液体，两条第二通道为排液通道，流通高压液体，两条第一通道和两条第二通道以轴线均匀分布。参考图5至图8，分流器1可将低压腔、交变腔和高压腔分开，分别通过位于分流器1和阀箱2之间的两个密封圈进行密封隔离。
例如，如图8所示，内腔200为水平腔，内腔200自左向右被分为柱塞腔204、交变腔201、低压腔202和高压腔203，因交变腔201内无相贯线，内腔200过渡圆滑，因此不容易出现阀箱2因应力集中导致开裂的现象。例如，如图7所示，例如，阀箱2设有连接孔233、注脂孔232、进液孔211，排液孔212。例如，阀箱2可以为单缸阀箱或多缸阀箱。例如，进液孔211的数量与第一开口11a的数量相等。即，一个第一开口11a对应一个进液孔211。
例如，液力端的连接孔233的作用是将液力端把紧至设备上，以内腔的轴线均匀分布，孔口一侧预留凹槽用于放置螺栓。上水管连接孔231的作用是将上水管汇把紧至液力端3上，以进液孔轴线均匀分布。阀箱2的上、下侧对称分布。
进液孔即低压介质进入阀箱2的吸液通道，吸液通道可以为单通道、双通道、四通道等形式，但不限于此。排液孔即高压介质排出阀箱2的排液通道，以阀体为中心可以为中置、偏置等形式。
例如，如图5所示，分流器1的第一端1001和阀箱2之间具有交变腔201的一部分，以利于第二开口21b与交变腔201连通，并利于分流器1承担交变载荷，还利于交变腔201内的阀组件(后续提及的第一阀组件)的设置。
例如，如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括第一阀组件31和第一导向部41，第一阀组件31位于交变腔201内，第一阀组件31被配置为打开以连通低压腔202和交变腔201或被配置为关闭以隔开低压腔202和交变腔201，第一阀组件31包括第一阀体31a、第一密封件31b和第一阀座31c。如图10所示，第一阀座31c为环形并包括第一中间孔310，第一中间孔310被配置 为流通流体。如图11A至图11C所示，第一阀体31a包括第一主体部313和分设在第一主体部313两侧的第一导杆311和第二导杆312，第一密封件31b的一部分嵌入第一主体部313的第一凹槽G1内。如图5和图6所示，第一阀座31c和第一导向部41位于第一凹腔11c内，第一阀体31a与阀箱2不接触。例如，第一阀座31c为圆环形，但不限于此。第一阀组件31采用第一阀体31a和第一密封件31b配合利于密封效果的提升，避免串压。
在本公开的一些实施例提供的液力端中，第一阀体31a与阀箱2不接触，可避免第一阀体31a在重力的作用下磨损阀箱2。如图5和图6所示，第一阀体31a与阀箱2之间具有间隔。
例如，如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括第一弹簧51和弹簧座61。参考图5、图6以及图11A，第一弹簧51位于弹簧座61和第一主体部313之间。参考图5、图6、图9A和图9B，第一导向部41包括第一导向座411和与第一导向座411相连的第一导向套412，第一导向套412内可设置第一导向辅助件401，第一导向座411包括第一通孔411a，第一通孔411a被配置为流通流体。如图5、图6、图9A、图9B、以及图11A至图11C所示，第一导向套412被配置为容纳第一导杆311的一部分以被配置为对第一阀体31a进行导向。如图5、图6、以及图12所示，弹簧座61具有第二导向套612，第二导向套612被配置为容纳第二导杆312的一部分以被配置为对第一阀体31a进行导向，进而形成双侧导向，以对第一阀体31a更好地进行导向，使得液力端的结构更稳定。第二导向套612对第一阀体31的开启、闭合时起导向作用。如图5和图6所示，第二导向套612内可设置第二导向辅助件602，以避免第二导杆312偏磨第二导向套612。
如图9A和图9B所示，第一导向座411通过第一连接件451和第二连接件452与第一导向套412相连，且第一导向部41包括两个第一通孔411a。第一连接件451和第二连接件452分设在第一导向套412的两侧，两个第一通孔411a对称设置。需要说明的是，第一导向部41的结构不限于图9A和图9B所示。
例如，如图11B和图11C所示，第一密封件31b与第一阀体31a过盈配合为一体，起密封作用。第一阀体31a的一侧装有第一弹簧51对第一阀体31a一直施加弹力，第一阀体31a两侧的第一导杆311和第二导杆312分别 插入第一导向套412和第二导向套612内，以使得第一阀体31a左右往复运动时第一阀体31a不偏心。
例如，如图5和图6所示，弹簧座61设在阀箱2的内腔中。例如，如图12所示，弹簧座61具有环形凹槽61G以被配置为放置第一弹簧51并具有镂空结构610以被配置为流通流体。通过第一弹簧51对第一阀体31始终施加一弹力。弹簧座61的结构为镂空状便于介质流动。例如，镂空结构610即为通孔。图12示出了多个镂空结构610。镂空结构610可为通孔。多个镂空结构610可均匀分布。图12示出了三个镂空结构610。
例如，如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括第二阀组件32和第二导向部42，第二阀组件32位于高压腔203内，第二阀组件32被配置为打开以连通交变腔201和高压腔203或被配置为关闭以隔开交变腔201和高压腔203，第二阀组件32包括第二阀体32a、第二密封件32b和第二阀座32c。如图5、图6、以及图14所示，第二阀座32c为环形并包括第二中间孔320，第二中间孔320被配置为流通流体。如图5、图6、以及图15A至图15C所示，第二阀体32a包括第二主体部325和分设在第二主体部325两侧的第三导杆323和第四导杆324，第二密封件32b的一部分嵌入第二主体部325的第二凹槽G2内。如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括第二弹簧52和压盖62，第二弹簧52位于压盖62和第二主体部325之间，第二导向部42包括第二导向座421和第三导向套422。如图5、图6、图13A以及图13B所示，第二导向座421包括第二通孔421a，第二通孔421a被配置为流通流体，第三导向套422被配置为容纳第三导杆323的一部分以被配置为对第二阀体32a进行导向，从而形成双侧导向，以对第二阀体32a更好地进行导向，使得液力端的结构更稳定。如图5、图6、图13A和图13B所示，第三导向套422内可设置第三导向辅助件403，以避免第三导杆323偏磨第三导向套422。如图5、图6、以及图16所示，压盖62具有第四导向套624，第四导向套624被配置为容纳第四导杆324的一部分以被配置为对第二阀体32a进行导向。
如图13A和图13B所示，为了利于流体通过，第二导向座421通过第三连接件453和第四连接件454与第三导向套422相连，且第二导向部42包括两个第二通孔421a。第三连接件453和第四连接件454分设在第三导向套422的两侧，两个第二通孔421a对称设置。需要说明的是，第二导向部42的结 构不限于图13A和图13B所示。
参考图2A、图2B、图5和图6，第一台阶面11s可被配置为放置第一导向部41，第二台阶面21s可被配置为放置第二导向部42。即，第一台阶面11s被配置为对第一导向部41进行限位，第二台阶面21s被配置为对第二导向部42进行限位。
例如，第二密封件32b与第二阀体32a过盈配合为一体，起密封作用。第二阀体32a的一侧装有第二弹簧52对第二阀体32a一直施加弹力，第二阀体32a两侧的第三导杆323和第四导杆324分别插入第三导向套422和第四导向套624内，第二阀体32a左右往复运动时保证第二阀体32a不偏心。
例如，第一阀组件31和第二阀组件32呈对称分布，且可以互换，第一弹簧51和第二弹簧52也可互换。
例如，如图16所示，第四导向套624上设有泄流孔6240，泄流孔6240被配置为流通流体。如图5和图6所示，第四导向套624内设置第四导向辅助件604的情况下，第四导向辅助件604上也设置泄流孔以使得流体也可通过第四导向辅助件604中的泄流孔和第四导向套624中的泄流孔流出。
例如，如图5、图6和图16所示，压盖62为囚笼式结构。如图5和图6所示，压盖62有如下四个作用：1)利于高压流体顺畅进入排液孔；2)顶住分流器，防止分流器前后窜动；3)充当第二阀体的弹簧座；4)充当第二阀体的导向座。压盖62加工有泄流孔，利于第二阀体移动，进而第二阀体的第四导杆运动时流体可以流出，使得第二阀体运动流畅。例如，压盖采用密封圈密封隔离，防止液体进入压帽螺纹生锈。例如，压盖设有拉拔孔，维保时方便拆卸。该压盖集多功能于一体，使得液力端结构紧凑。
如图17所示，第一阀座31c与分流器1通过锥孔配合来限位，以避免在流体排出的过程中第一阀座31c移位。图17中的附图标记1a表示锥孔的表面。图17还示出了限位结构1b，限位结构1b包括限位台阶以限定第一导向部41的位置。锥孔的设置实现在排液过程中，第一阀座31c与分流器1紧密贴合，并压住第一导向座411。第一导向座411可支撑第一阀座31c，避免其向右移动。如图17所示，第一阀座31c的与分流器1贴合的表面和第一阀座31c的与第一导向座411贴合的表面所成的角度为钝角以配合锥孔的表面。
例如，在本公开的实施例中，导向辅助件起到导向和防止偏磨的作用。 导向辅助件可采用橡胶材料，但不限于此。导向辅助件包括第一导向辅助件401、第二导向辅助件602、第三导向辅助件403、第四导向辅助件604至少之一。
在本公开的实施例提供的液力端中，为了便于安装和维修，第一阀组件31和第二阀组件32可互换使用。
在本公开的实施例提供的液力端中，内腔可以为单缸或多缸。
在本公开的实施例提供的液力端，可搭载柱塞泵、直线电机等设备使用，搭载直线电机使用时，液力端在电机两侧对称分布。
例如，如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括压帽63，压帽63与阀箱2采用螺纹连接，压帽63被配置为压住压盖62。
例如，如图5和图6所示，液力端3还包括柱塞8和卡箍7，液力端3的内部运动部件为柱塞8、第一阀体31a和第二阀体32a，均为往复运动。
例如，液力端的卡箍7一侧安装在柱塞上，另一侧可与柱塞泵或直线电机相连，其余各组件/零件安装在阀箱内。
例如，如图5和图6所示，柱塞8的一侧安装卡箍7便于与柱塞泵或直线电机相连，另一侧伸进阀箱2的内部，该侧加工有拉拔孔，便于后期维保时将柱塞从阀箱的右侧拉拔出；柱塞与阀箱非过盈配合，因此需要密封防漏，此处密封件为盘根包27，包括刮油环和盘根，盘根安装在隔环与压环之间，刮油环安装在盘根压帽28的内侧；盘根压帽28与阀箱2螺纹连接，盘根压帽28拧紧将盘根挤压膨胀起到密封作用，盘根压帽28的右端加工有小通孔，便于注脂孔内的油脂进入阀箱2内，对盘根和柱塞进行润滑，盘根压帽左端加工有大盲孔，便于使用工具将盘根压帽拧紧。
本公开的实施例提供的液力端的工作原理如下。
当柱塞8作回程运动时(图5和图6中柱塞左移，图5为柱塞左移开始时的位置)，阀箱2内部的容积逐渐增大，形成局部真空，此时第一阀组件31打开，第二阀组件32关闭，介质通过进液孔211和分流器1中的第一通道11b进入阀箱2的内腔200，柱塞8回程至极限位置时，阀箱2的内腔200充满介质，吸液动作完成。
当柱塞8作进程运动时(图5和图6中柱塞右移，图6所示为柱塞右移结束时的位置)，阀箱2的内部容积逐渐减小，介质受挤压，压力增加，此时 第二阀组件32打开，第一阀组件31关闭，在压力作用下介质通过分流器1中的第二通道21b进入排液孔212，柱塞进程至极限位置时，阀箱2的内部容积最小，排液动作结束。由于柱塞8不断地往复运动，吸液、排液过程交替进行，高压介质源源不断地输出。
上述介质即为流体，也可称作被分流的物质。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种柱塞泵30，如图18所示，包括上述任一液力端3。柱塞泵30还包括动力端300。动力端300的结构可参照图1所示的动力端002。
例如，柱塞泵可为电驱撬柱塞泵、车载柱塞泵、直线电机驱动的柱塞泵。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种分流器，包括：
    本体，所述本体为柱形，所述本体包括第一端、第二端、以及连接所述第一端和所述第二端的侧面；
    第一开口，位于所述本体的侧面；
    第一凹腔，位于所述第一端；
    第一通道，分别与所述第一开口和所述第一凹腔连通，所述第一通道从所述第一开口延伸至所述第一凹腔，并被配置为流通流体；
    第二开口，位于所述本体的侧面；
    第二凹腔，位于所述第二端；以及
    第二通道，分别与所述第二开口和所述第二凹腔连通，所述第二通道从所述第二开口延伸至所述第二凹腔，并被配置为流通流体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其中，所述第一开口比所述第二开口更靠近所述第二端，所述第二开口比所述第一开口更靠近所述第一端。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其中，所述第一开口和所述第二开口位于所述本体的轴向上的不同位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其中，所述第一开口和所述第二开口的朝向不同，所述第一开口的尺寸和所述第二开口的尺寸相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的分流器，其中，所述第一通道和所述第二通道不连通，所述第一凹腔和所述第二凹腔不连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的分流器，其中，所述本体包括第一导流部，所述第一通道设置为多个，所述第一导流部分隔所述多个第一通道，所述多个第一通道在所述第一凹腔处汇集。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的分流器，其中，所述第一开口设置为多个，所述多个第一通道与所述多个第一开口一一对应，所述多个第一开口在所述本体的周向上分布，所述多个第一开口在所述本体的轴向上位于同一位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的分流器，其中，所述本体包括第二导流部，所述第二通道设置为多个，所述第二导流部分隔所述多个第二通道，所述多个第二通道在所述第二凹腔处汇集。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的分流器，其中，所述第二开口设置为多个，所述多个第二通道与所述多个第二开口一一对应，所述多个第二开口在所述本体的周向上分布；所述多个第二开口在所述本体的轴向上位于同一位置。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的分流器，其中，所述第一凹腔包括第一台阶面，所述第一台阶面将所述第一凹腔分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第一子凹腔，所述第二凹腔包括第二台阶面，所述第二台阶面将所述第二凹腔分隔为在径向上截面的面积不同的两个第二子凹腔。
  11. 一种液力端，包括：
    阀箱，所述阀箱包括内腔；
    根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的分流器，所述分流器位于所述内腔中。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液力端，其中，所述内腔包括交变腔、低压腔和高压腔，所述交变腔、所述低压腔和所述高压腔沿所述阀箱的轴向依次设置，所述第二端位于所述高压腔，所述第一开口位于所述低压腔，所述第一端和所述第二开口位于所述交变腔，所述第二开口与所述交变腔连通，所述阀箱包括进液孔和排液孔，所述进液孔与所述第一开口连通，所述排液孔与所述高压腔连通。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液力端，还包括柱塞，其中，所述内腔还包括柱塞腔，所述柱塞腔被配置为容纳所述柱塞，所述柱塞腔、所述交变腔、所述低压腔和所述高压腔沿所述阀箱的轴向依次设置。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的液力端，其中，所述分流器的所述第一端和所述阀箱之间具有所述交变腔的一部分。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的液力端，还包括第一阀组件和第一导向部，其中，所述第一阀组件位于所述交变腔内，所述第一阀组件被配置为打开以连通所述低压腔和所述交变腔或被配置为关闭以隔开所述低压腔和所述交变腔，
    所述第一阀组件包括第一阀体、第一密封件和第一阀座，所述第一阀座为环形并包括第一中间孔，所述第一中间孔被配置为流通流体，
    所述第一阀体包括第一主体部和分设在所述第一主体部两侧的第一导杆和第二导杆，所述第一密封件的一部分嵌入所述第一主体部的第一凹槽内，
    所述第一阀座和所述第一导向部位于所述第一凹腔内，所述第一阀体与 所述阀箱不接触。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的液力端，还包括第一弹簧和弹簧座，其中，所述第一弹簧位于所述弹簧座和所述第一主体部之间，
    所述第一导向部包括第一导向座和与所述第一导向座相连的第一导向套，所述第一导向座包括第一通孔，所述第一通孔被配置为流通流体，所述第一导向套被配置为容纳所述第一导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第一阀体进行导向，
    所述弹簧座具有第二导向套，所述第二导向套被配置为容纳所述第二导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第一阀体进行导向。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的液力端，其中，所述弹簧座具有环形凹槽以被配置为放置所述第一弹簧并具有镂空结构以被配置为流通流体。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17任一项所述的液力端，还包括第二阀组件和第二导向部，其中，所述第二阀组件位于所述高压腔内，所述第二阀组件被配置为打开以连通所述交变腔和所述高压腔或被配置为关闭以隔开所述交变腔和所述高压腔，
    所述第二阀组件包括第二阀体、第二密封件和第二阀座，所述第二阀座为环形并包括第二中间孔，所述第二中间孔被配置为流通流体，
    所述第二阀体包括第二主体部和分设在所述第二主体部两侧的第三导杆和第四导杆，所述第二密封件的一部分嵌入所述第二主体部的第二凹槽内，
    所述液力端还包括第二弹簧和压盖，所述第二弹簧位于所述压盖和所述第二主体部之间，
    所述第二导向部包括第二导向座和与所述第二导向座相连的第三导向套，所述第二导向座包括第二通孔，所述第二通孔被配置为流通流体，所述第三导向套被配置为容纳所述第三导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第二阀体进行导向，
    所述压盖具有第四导向套，所述第四导向套被配置为容纳所述第四导杆的一部分以被配置为对所述第二阀体进行导向。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的液力端，其中，所述第二导向套上设有泄流孔，所述泄流孔被配置为流通流体。
  20. 一种柱塞泵，包括根据权利要求11-19任一项所述的液力端。
PCT/CN2021/104207 2021-02-04 2021-07-02 分流器、液力端以及柱塞泵 WO2022166096A1 (zh)

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