WO2022165759A1 - 一种充电电路及充电装置 - Google Patents

一种充电电路及充电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022165759A1
WO2022165759A1 PCT/CN2021/075577 CN2021075577W WO2022165759A1 WO 2022165759 A1 WO2022165759 A1 WO 2022165759A1 CN 2021075577 W CN2021075577 W CN 2021075577W WO 2022165759 A1 WO2022165759 A1 WO 2022165759A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
relay switch
diode
charging circuit
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/075577
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
朱吉新
胡彪
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to CN202180003372.8A priority Critical patent/CN113841316A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/075577 priority patent/WO2022165759A1/zh
Priority to EP21923775.7A priority patent/EP4290753A4/en
Publication of WO2022165759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022165759A1/zh
Priority to US18/229,960 priority patent/US20230387807A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/007186—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/108—Parallel operation of dc sources using diodes blocking reverse current flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0074—Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/285—Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular, to a charging circuit and a charging device.
  • the charging voltage ranges for different types of electric vehicles are inconsistent.
  • the charging voltage range of a common passenger car is 200V-500V
  • the charging voltage range of a bus is 300V-750V.
  • the charging device needs to meet the fast charging requirements of both passenger cars and buses. Different charging voltage ranges make the charging device need to satisfy a wide range output.
  • the charging device should have an anti-backflow function (such as output diodes, etc.) to prevent the current of the battery from being backflowed, so the charging device also needs to meet the anti-backfeed function. irrigation) requirements.
  • the wide-range output can usually be achieved by controlling the conversion circuit through a switch circuit, and an anti-backflow circuit is added to the output port to realize the current anti-backflow of the battery.
  • an anti-backflow circuit is added to the output port to realize the current anti-backflow of the battery.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit and a charging device for reducing the volume of the charging device.
  • a first aspect provides a charging circuit
  • the charging circuit may include at least two sets of direct current (DC)/DC converters coupled to each other, at least one set of relay switches and at least one diode, wherein: the a relay switch for connecting the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in series when a first voltage is within a first threshold range, where the first voltage is a charging voltage of an electric vehicle; the relay switch, It is also used for connecting the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in parallel when the first voltage is within the second threshold range; the diode is used for preventing current backflow of the battery in the electric vehicle.
  • DC direct current
  • the DC/DC converter can convert the first direct current into the second direct current, and the second direct current is used to supply power to the battery in the electric vehicle.
  • the relay switch can be used The at least two groups of DC/DC converters can achieve a wide range of voltage outputs to meet the charging requirements of different electric vehicles.
  • the diode can be used to prevent the current backflow of the battery in the electric vehicle.
  • the volume of the charging device is large due to the large number of components in the charging circuit, the charging circuit in the technical solution of the present application can realize the wide voltage output of the charging circuit and Therefore, the volume of the charging device can be reduced, the power density of the charging device product can be improved, and the cost of the charging device can be reduced.
  • the charging circuit when the charging circuit includes two groups of DC/DC converters and one group of relay switches, the charging circuit includes a first DC/DC converter, a second DC/DC converter, a first DC/DC converter, and a second DC/DC converter.
  • the second output end of the third diode is coupled to the first output end of the second DC/DC converter, and the second output end of the first DC/DC converter is the charging circuit The first output end of the second DC/DC converter is the second output end of the charging circuit.
  • the charging circuit may include at least two groups of DC/DC converters, at least one group of relay switches and at least one diode.
  • the charging circuit may include at least two groups of DC/DC converters, at least one group of relay switches and at least one diode.
  • two groups of DC/DC converters and one group of relay switches one Possible connections are two sets of DC/DC converters, one set of relay switches, and three diodes. In this way, only one set of relay switches is needed to meet the requirements of wide voltage output and anti-backflow, so that the volume of the charging device can be reduced.
  • the charging circuit further includes a control circuit; the control circuit is configured to control the first relay switch to make the first relay switch when the first voltage is within a first threshold range.
  • the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in series, and when the first voltage is within a second threshold range, the first relay switch is controlled to make the first DC/DC converter
  • the DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in parallel.
  • the control circuit when the electric vehicle needs to be charged, can identify the charging voltage range of the electric vehicle through communication, and control the closing of the first relay switch according to the identified charging voltage range of the electric vehicle or disconnected, so that the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in series or in parallel, so as to realize the output of different ranges of voltages.
  • the charging circuit when the charging circuit includes two groups of DC/DC converters and two groups of relay switches, the charging circuit includes a first DC/DC converter, a second DC/DC converter, a first DC/DC converter, and a second DC/DC converter.
  • a relay switch a second relay switch, a first diode, a second diode and a third diode
  • the cathode of the first diode is coupled to the first diode of the first DC/DC converter an output terminal
  • the anode of the first diode is coupled to the first output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the cathode of the second diode is coupled to the first output terminal through the first relay switch
  • the anode of the second diode is coupled to the second output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the cathode of the third diode passes through the second output terminal of the second DC/DC converter.
  • the relay switch is coupled to the second output end of the first DC/DC converter, the anode of the third diode is coupled to the first output end of the second DC/DC converter, and the first DC/DC converter
  • the second output end of the converter is the first output end of the charging circuit, and the second output end of the second DC/DC converter is the second output end of the charging circuit; through the first relay switch and the second relay switch is disconnected, so that the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in series; the first relay switch and the second relay switch are closed, so that the The first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in parallel.
  • the charging circuit may include at least two groups of DC/DC converters, at least one group of relay switches and at least one diode.
  • the charging circuit may include at least two groups of DC/DC converters, at least one group of relay switches and at least one diode.
  • two groups of DC/DC converters and two groups of relay switches one Possible connections are two sets of DC/DC converters, two sets of relay switches, and three diodes. In this way, only two sets of relay switches are needed to meet the requirements of wide voltage output and anti-backflow, so that the volume of the charging device can be reduced.
  • the charging circuit further includes a control circuit; the control circuit is configured to control the first relay switch and the first relay switch when the first voltage is within a first threshold range.
  • a second relay switch connects the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter in series, and controls the first relay switch when the first voltage is within a second threshold range and the second relay switch to connect the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter in parallel.
  • the control circuit when the electric vehicle needs to be charged, can identify the charging voltage range of the electric vehicle through communication, and control the first relay switch and the first relay switch according to the identified charging voltage range of the electric vehicle.
  • the closing or opening of the two relay switches enables the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter to be connected in series or in parallel, thereby realizing the output of different ranges of voltages.
  • the charging circuit further includes a first semiconductor device, wherein: the first relay switch is coupled to the first semiconductor device in parallel; The first semiconductor device is used to protect the first relay switch.
  • the first relay switch when the charging circuit includes a set of relay switches, the first relay switch may be an AC relay switch. Due to the small size and low cost of the AC relay switch, the volume of the charging device can be reduced, or the Reduce the cost of charging devices. However, a single point fault occurs when the DC current passes through the AC relay switch. Therefore, a semiconductor device needs to be coupled in parallel on the first relay switch. The semiconductor device can protect the first relay switch and prevent the first relay switch from being damaged by arcing.
  • the charging circuit further includes a first semiconductor device and a second semiconductor device, wherein: The first relay switch and the second relay switch are respectively coupled in parallel with the first semiconductor device and the second semiconductor device; the first semiconductor device is used to protect the first relay switch; the first semiconductor device Two semiconductor devices for protecting the second relay switch.
  • the first relay switch may be an AC relay switch
  • the second relay switch may be an AC relay switch. Due to the small size and low cost of the AC relay switch, the volume of the charging device can be reduced, and the cost of the charging device can also be reduced.
  • a semiconductor device needs to be coupled in parallel on the first relay switch, and a semiconductor device should be coupled in parallel on the second relay switch. The semiconductor device can protect the relay switch and prevent the relay switch from switching. Arc damage.
  • the first semiconductor device is an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, MOSFET transistor) ), any one of silicon controlled rectifier (SCR).
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • MOSFET transistor metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • SCR silicon controlled rectifier
  • the second semiconductor device is any one of IGBT, MOS transistor, and SCR.
  • the circuit structures of the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are any one of the following: a full-bridge inductance inductance capacitance (LLC) resonant circuit, Half-bridge LLC resonant circuit, three-level LLC resonant circuit, three-level full-bridge circuit, term-shifted full-bridge circuit, asymmetric half-bridge circuit and three-phase interleaved LLC resonant circuit.
  • LLC full-bridge inductance inductance capacitance
  • a second aspect provides a charging device, which may include the first aspect and the charging circuit provided in combination with any one of the implementations of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging voltage of an electric vehicle charging station in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 11 to 17 are schematic structural diagrams of several DC/DC converters provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit and a charging device for reducing the volume of the charging device.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the traditional charging system is divided into the passenger car charging station in Figure 1 (b) and the bus charging station in Figure 1 (a).
  • 500V the charging voltage range of the bus is 300V-750V.
  • the charging system has a tendency to develop towards a higher charging voltage.
  • the charging device can be charged with normalization.
  • FIG. 2 which is a schematic diagram of the charging voltage of an electric vehicle charging station in the prior art.
  • the normalized charging device can meet the requirements of segmented constant power, which can not only meet the fast charging requirements of passenger cars, but also meet the fast charging requirements of public buses.
  • Two typical constant power requirements are output voltage (250V-500V) constant full power output and output voltage (500V-1000V) constant full power output.
  • the current mainstream charging pile equipment manufacturers in the industry adopt the practice of connecting multiple single charging modules (models) in parallel to form a high-power charging cabinet.
  • the typical total power output of parallel charging piles is 60KW, 90KW, and 120KW.
  • the single charging pile module in the cabinet is 4pcs/6pcs/8pcs; or calculated according to the 30KW module, the single charging pile module in the cabinet is 2pcs/3pcs/4pcs.
  • the charging device should have an anti-reverse current function to prevent the current from backflowing from the battery.
  • the output of the charging module usually adds a reverse top diode.
  • the charging circuit of the existing scheme can meet the requirements of high efficiency, wide voltage range and reliable anti-backflow.
  • the charging circuit can include a conversion circuit, a switch circuit and an anti-backflow circuit. Considering the requirements of a wide range of constant power and at the same time, in order to obtain relatively high efficiency, the switching circuit is used to control the conversion circuit to achieve a wide range of output, considering the needs of anti-backflow. , an anti-backflow circuit can be added to the output port of the charging circuit. In the current solution, due to the large number of components in the circuit, problems such as larger size and higher cost of the charging device are caused.
  • the present application provides a charging circuit and a charging device.
  • the charging circuit is described in detail below.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging circuit may include a conversion circuit 301 , a switch circuit 302 and an anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • the switch circuit 302 is respectively coupled to the conversion circuit 301 and the anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • the switch circuit 302 is used to control the conversion circuit 301 to achieve a wide-range output, and the anti-backflow circuit 303 is used to prevent current backflow. specific:
  • the conversion circuit 301 includes at least two sets of DC/DC converters coupled with each other. At least two sets of DC/DC converters are used to convert the first direct current into second direct current, the voltage of the second direct current is the first voltage, and the charging circuit uses the second direct current to supply power to the battery in the electric vehicle.
  • the DC/DC converter is a voltage converter that effectively outputs a fixed voltage after converting the input voltage.
  • the switch circuit 302 includes at least one group of relay switches. Wherein: at least one group of relay switches is used to connect at least two groups of DC/DC converters in series when the first voltage is within the first threshold range, and the first voltage is the charging voltage of the electric vehicle; for connecting at least two sets of DC/DC converters in parallel when the first voltage is within the second threshold range.
  • the anti-backflow circuit 303 includes at least one diode. At least one diode for preventing current backflow from the battery in the electric vehicle.
  • a group of relay switches in the embodiments of the present application may be one relay switch or multiple relay switches, and the functions implemented are the same, all of which control the on/off of the circuit by closing/opening.
  • a group of DC/DC converters may be one DC/DC converter or multiple DC/DC converters, and the functions implemented by them are the same, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an optimization of the charging circuit shown in Figure 3 above.
  • the charging circuit includes a conversion circuit 301 , a switch circuit 302 and an anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • the conversion circuit 301 includes two groups of DC/DC converters
  • the switch circuit 302 includes a group of relay switches
  • the conversion circuit 301 includes a first DC/DC converter and a second DC/DC converter
  • the switch circuit 302 includes a first relay switch S1
  • the anti-backflow circuit 303 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, wherein:
  • the input voltages of the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter may be the same voltage or different voltages.
  • the negative electrode of the D1 is coupled to the first output end of the first DC/DC converter through the S1
  • the positive electrode of the D1 is coupled to the first output end of the second DC/DC converter
  • the D2 is coupled to the first output end of the second DC/DC converter.
  • the negative pole is coupled to the first output terminal of the first DC/DC converter
  • the positive pole of the D2 is coupled to the second output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the negative pole of the D3 is coupled to the first DC/DC converter.
  • the second output terminal of the DC converter, the positive pole of the D3 is coupled to the first output terminal of the second DC/DC converter, and the second output terminal of the first DC/DC converter is the charging circuit.
  • the first output end, the second output end of the second DC/DC converter is the second output end of the charging circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, when S1 is closed, the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in series.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, when S1 is turned off, the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter are connected in parallel.
  • S1 can be an AC relay switch.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is an optimization of the charging circuit shown in Figure 4 above.
  • the switch circuit 302 in the charging circuit may further include a first semiconductor device.
  • S1 is coupled in parallel with the first semiconductor device, and the first semiconductor device is used to protect S1. Since the DC current flows through the AC relay, it will cause a single point of failure. With the parallel coupling of the first semiconductor device, it can prevent arc damage when S1 is turned off under load. Maximum capability of on-current.
  • the first semiconductor device may be any one of IGBT, MOS transistor, SCR, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8 , based on the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 3 , the charging circuit may further include a control circuit 304 , and the control circuit 304 is coupled to the switch circuit 302 .
  • control circuit 304 is specifically coupled to S1. in:
  • the control circuit 304 is configured to control the S1 to connect the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter in series when the first voltage is within a first threshold range , when the first voltage is within the second threshold range, control S1 to connect the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter in parallel.
  • the control circuit 304 can first detect or acquire the type of the electric vehicle and the required charging voltage range, and then send a signal or drive to the switch circuit 302 according to the charging voltage range to control the switch circuit 302 ( Control the opening/closing of S1), thereby controlling the conversion circuit 301 (controlling the series/parallel connection of the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter), thereby realizing a wide range of output.
  • the control circuit 304 may be a circuit composed of a microcontroller unit (MCU) and a driving circuit. For example, the MCU sends a signal to the drive circuit, and the drive circuit can drive the opening/closing of S1.
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • the conversion circuit 301 only shows two sets of DC/DC converters, and the conversion circuit 301 may also include a larger number of DC/DC converters.
  • the implemented functions are the same, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of DC/DC converters in the conversion circuit 301 .
  • the anti-backflow circuit 303 only shows three diodes, and the anti-backflow circuit 303 may also include a larger number of diodes. The function realized by the anti-backflow circuit Similarly, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of diodes in the anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an optimization of the charging circuit shown in FIG. 3 above.
  • the charging circuit includes a conversion circuit 301 , a switch circuit 302 and an anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • the conversion circuit 301 includes two groups of DC/DC converters
  • the switch circuit 302 includes two groups of relay switches
  • the conversion circuit 301 includes a first DC/DC converter and a second DC/DC converter
  • the switch circuit 302 includes a first relay switch S1 and a second relay switch S2
  • the anti-backflow circuit 303 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, wherein:
  • the input voltages of the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter may be the same voltage or different voltages.
  • the negative pole of the D1 is coupled to the first output terminal of the first DC/DC converter
  • the positive pole of the D1 is coupled to the first output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the negative pole of the D2 passes through the S1 is coupled to the first output terminal of the first DC/DC converter
  • the positive pole of D2 is coupled to the second output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the negative pole of D3 is coupled to the The second output terminal of the first DC/DC converter
  • the positive pole of the D3 is coupled to the first output terminal of the second DC/DC converter
  • the second output terminal of the first DC/DC converter is the The first output end of the charging circuit
  • the second output end of the second DC/DC converter is the second output end of the charging circuit.
  • S1 may be an AC relay switch
  • S2 may also be an AC relay switch.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is an optimization of the charging circuit shown in Figure 9 above.
  • the switch circuit 302 in the charging circuit may further include a first semiconductor device and a second semiconductor device.
  • S1 and S2 are respectively coupled in parallel with the first semiconductor device and the second semiconductor device; the first semiconductor device is used to protect the S1; the second semiconductor device is used to protect the S2. Since the DC current flows through the AC relay, it will cause a single point of failure. With the parallel coupling of the first semiconductor device, it can prevent arc damage when S1 and S2 are turned off under load. The maximum capability to limit the breaking current.
  • the first semiconductor device may be any one of IGBT, MOS transistor, and SCR
  • the second semiconductor device may also be any one of IGBT, MOS transistor, and SCR.
  • the charging circuit shown in FIG. 8 may further include a control circuit 304 coupled to the switch circuit 302 .
  • control circuit 304 is specifically coupled to S1 and S2. in:
  • the control circuit 304 is configured to control S1 and S2 to simultaneously disconnect the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter when the first voltage is within a first threshold range
  • the converters are connected in series, and when the first voltage is within the second threshold range, the control S1 and S2 are simultaneously closed to connect the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter in parallel.
  • the control circuit 304 can first detect or acquire the type of the electric vehicle and the required charging voltage range, and then send a signal or drive to the switch circuit 302 according to the charging voltage range to control the switch circuit 302 ( Control the opening/closing of S1 and S2), thereby controlling the conversion circuit 301 (controlling the series/parallel connection of the first DC/DC converter and the second DC/DC converter), thereby realizing a wide range of output.
  • the control circuit 304 may be a circuit composed of the MCU and the driving circuit.
  • the MCU sends a signal to the driver circuit, and the driver circuit can drive the opening/closing of S1 and/or S2.
  • the conversion circuit 301 only shows two sets of DC/DC converters, and the conversion circuit 301 may also include a larger number of DC/DC converters.
  • the implemented functions are the same, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of DC/DC converters in the conversion circuit 301 .
  • the anti-backflow circuit 303 only shows three diodes, and the anti-backflow circuit 303 may also include a larger number of diodes. The function implemented by the anti-backflow circuit Similarly, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of diodes in the anti-backflow circuit 303 .
  • relay switch in the charging circuit shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 10 can also be other components that can achieve the same function, and the diode can also be other components that can achieve the same function, which is not limited in this application.
  • the type of DC/DC converter converter is the full-bridge LLC resonant circuit converter shown in Fig. 11, such as The half-bridge LLC resonant circuit converter shown in FIG. 12, the three-level LLC resonant circuit converter shown in FIG. 13, the three-level full-bridge circuit converter shown in FIG. Any one of the full-bridge circuit converter, the asymmetric half-bridge circuit converter shown in FIG. 16 and the three-phase interleaved LLC resonant circuit converter shown in FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging device can be a charging pile; it can also be a charging module (model) in the charging pile, and the name of the charging module can also be called a power supply device/charging unit (unit)/charger (charger) etc.
  • the charging module can be a pluggable combination, or can be integrated; the charging device can also be applied to other devices other than charging piles.

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Abstract

一种充电电路，包括相互耦合的至少两组DC/DC变换器、至少一组继电器开关以及至少一个二极管，其中：所述继电器开关，用于在第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器串联连接，所述第一电压为电动车辆的充电电压；所述继电器开关，还用于在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器并联连接；所述二极管，用于防止所述电动车辆中蓄电池的电流倒灌。本申请实施例，可以减小充电装置的体积。

Description

一种充电电路及充电装置 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电子电路技术领域，具体涉及一种充电电路及充电装置。
背景技术
目前，不同类型的电动车辆的充电电压范围不一致。例如，通常的乘用小车的充电电压范围为200V-500V，公交车的充电电压范围为300V-750V，充电装置需要既能满足乘用小车的快速充电要求，也要满足公交车快速充电要求，不同的充电电压范围使得充电装置需要满足宽范围输出(wide range output)。根据中华人民共和国能源行业标准NB/T 33001-2018规定，充电装置应具备防逆流功能(如，输出加二极管等)，防止蓄电池的电流倒灌，从而充电装置也需要满足防反灌(anti-backfeed irrigation)的要求。
针对上述充电装置需要同时满足宽范围输出以及防反灌的需求，通常可以通过开关电路控制变换电路来实现宽范围输出，在输出端口增加防反灌电路来实现蓄电池的电流防倒灌。现有方案虽然可以实现宽范围输出和防反灌，但由于电路中的元器件较多，以致造成充电装置的体积较大。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种充电电路及充电装置，用于减小充电装置的体积。
第一方面提供一种充电电路(charging circuit)，该充电电路可以包括相互耦合的至少两组直流(direct current，DC)/DC变换器、至少一组继电器开关以及至少一个二极管，其中：所述继电器开关，用于在第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器串联连接，所述第一电压为电动车辆的充电电压；所述继电器开关，还用于在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器并联连接；所述二极管，用于防止所述电动车辆中蓄电池的电流倒灌。
在本申请提供的方案中，DC/DC变换器可以将第一直流电转换为第二直流电，第二直流电用于向电动车辆中的蓄电池供电，针对不同充电电压范围的电动车辆，可以通过继电器开关使得至少两组DC/DC变换器实现宽范围的电压输出，以满足不同电动车辆的充电需求。同时可以通过二级管来实现防止电动车辆中蓄电池的电流倒灌。不同于现有技术中，由于充电电路的元器件数量较多而造成的充电装置的体积较大，本申请技术方案中的充电电路通过较少的元器件就可以实现充电电路的宽电压输出以及防反灌的需求，从而可以减小充电装置的体积，提升充电装置产品的功率密度，降低充电装置的成本。
作为一种可能的实施方式，当所述充电电路包括两组DC/DC变换器和一组继电器开关时，所述充电电路包括第一DC/DC变换器、第二DC/DC变换器、第一继电器开关、第一二极管、第二二极管和第三二极管，其中：所述第一二极管的负极通过所述第一继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的负极 耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端。
在本申请提供的方案中，充电电路可以包括至少两组的DC/DC变换器、至少一组继电器开关以及至少一个二极管，当包括两组DC/DC变换器和一组继电器开关时，一种可能的连接方式可以将两组DC/DC变换器、一组继电器开关以及三个二极管连接起来。这样，只需要一组继电器开关，就可以实现宽电压输出以及防反灌的需求，从而可以减小充电装置的体积。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述充电电路还包括控制电路；所述控制电路，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
在本申请提供的方案中，当电动车辆需要充电时，控制电路可以通过通信的方式识别电动车辆的充电电压范围为多少，根据识别到的电动车辆的充电电压范围，控制第一继电器开关的闭合或断开，使第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器串联或并联连接，从而实现不同范围电压的输出。
作为一种可能的实施方式，当所述充电电路包括两组DC/DC变换器和两组继电器开关时，所述充电电路包括第一DC/DC变换器、第二DC/DC变换器、第一继电器开关、第二继电器开关、第一二极管、第二二极管和第三二极管，其中：所述第一二极管的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的负极通过所述第一继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的负极通过所述第二继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端；通过所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关断开，以使所述第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器串联连接；通过所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关闭合，以使所述第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
在本申请提供的方案中，充电电路可以包括至少两组的DC/DC变换器、至少一组继电器开关以及至少一个二极管，当包括两组DC/DC变换器和两组继电器开关时，一种可能的连接方式可以将两组DC/DC变换器、两组组继电器开关以及三个二极管连接起来。这样，只需要两组继电器开关，就可以实现宽电压输出以及防反灌的需求，从而可以减小充电装置的体积。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述充电电路还包括控制电路；所述控制电路，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
在本申请提供的方案中，当电动车辆需要充电时，控制电路可以通过通信的方式识别电动车辆的充电电压范围为多少，根据识别到的电动车辆的充电电压范围，控制第一继电器开关和第二继电器开关的闭合或断开，使第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器串联或并联连接，从而实现不同范围电压的输出。
作为一种可能的实施方式，当所述第一继电器开关为交流继电器开关时，所述充电电路还包括第一半导体器件，其中：所述第一继电器开关并联耦合所述第一半导体器件；所述第一半导体器件，用于保护所述第一继电器开关。
在本申请提供的方案中，当充电电路包括一组继电器开关时，第一继电器开关可以为交流继电器开关，由于交流继电器开关的体积小、成本小，从而可以减小充电装置的体积，也可以降低充电装置的成本。但是直流电流通过交流继电器开关时会出现单点故障，因此需要在第一继电器开关上并联耦合一个半导体器件，半导体器件可以保护第一继电器开关，防止第一继电器开关拉弧损坏。
作为一种可能的实施方式，当所述第一继电器开关为交流继电器开关，所述第二继电器开关为交流继电器开关时，所述充电电路还包括第一半导体器件和第二半导体器件，其中：所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关分别并联耦合所述第一半导体器件和所述第二半导体器件；所述第一半导体器件，用于保护所述第一继电器开关；所述第二半导体器件，用于保护所述第二继电器开关。
在本申请提供的方案中，当充电电路包括两组继电器开关时，第一继电器开关可以为交流继电器开关，第二继电器开关可以为交流继电器开关。由于交流继电器开关的体积小、成本小，从而可以减小充电装置的体积，也可以降低充电装置的成本。但是直流电流通过交流继电器开关时会出现单点故障，因此需要在第一继电器开关上并联耦合一个半导体器件，在第二继电器开关上并联耦合一个半导体器件，半导体器件可以保护继电器开关，防止继电器开关拉弧损坏。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第一半导体器件为绝缘栅双极型晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor，IGBT)、金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor，MOSFET管)、可控硅(silicon controlled rectifier，SCR)中的任意一种。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第二半导体器件为IGBT、MOS管、SCR中的任意一种。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器的电路结构为以下任意一种：全桥电感电感电容(inductance inductancecapacitance，LLC)谐振电路、半桥LLC谐振电路、三电平LLC谐振电路、三电平全桥电路、移项全桥电路、不对称半桥电路和三相交错LLC谐振电路。
第二方面提供一种充电装置，该充电装置可以包括上述第一方面以及结合第一方面中的任一种实现方式所提供的充电电路。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种应用场景的示意图；
图2是现有技术中的一种电动车辆充电站充电电压的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图11-图17是本申请实施例提供的几种DC/DC变换器的结构示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种充电装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种充电电路及充电装置，用于减小充电装置的体积。下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例提供的一种充电电路及充电装置，下面先对本申请实施例的应用场景进行描述。请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种应用场景的示意图。如图1所示，传统充电系统分为图1中的(b)的乘用车充电站和图1中的(a)的公交车充电站，一般的乘用车的充电电压范围为200V-500V，公交车的充电电压范围为300V-750V。近些年充电系统有往更高充电电压发展的趋势，在这种背景下，充电装置可以充电归一化。请参阅图2，图2是现有技术中的一种电动车辆充电站充电电压的示意图。如图2所示，归一化后的充电装置可以满足分段恒功率要求，既能满足乘用车快速充电要求，又能满足公交大巴车的快速充电要求。典型的两种恒功率要求为输出电压(250V-500V)恒满功率输出和输出电压(500V-1000V)恒满功率输出。
为实现直流充电桩大功率快速充电，行业内目前主流的充电桩设备厂商均采用多个单体的充电模块(model)并联组成大功率充电柜的做法。典型的充电桩并联总功率输出为60KW、90KW、120KW。按照15KW模块来计算，其机柜内单体充电桩模块分别为4pcs/6pcs/8pcs；或者按照30KW模块来计算，其机柜内单体充电桩模块分别为2pcs/3pcs/4pcs。根据中华人民共和国能源行业标准NB/T 33001-2018规定，充电装置应具备防逆流功能，防止蓄电池的电流倒灌。为保证并联工作的多个模块能够可靠工作，尤其考虑输出防反灌的需求，充电模块输出通常会增加反顶二极管。
现有方案的充电电路可以实现高效率宽电压范围和可靠防反灌的需求。该充电电路可以包括变换电路、开关电路和防反灌电路，考虑到宽范围恒功率的要求，同时为了得到比较高的效率，通过开关电路控制变换电路实现宽范围输出，考虑防反灌的需求，可以在充电电路输出端口增加防反灌电路。当前方案由于电路中的元器件较多，以致造成充电装置的体积较大和成本较贵等问题。
针对上述问题，本申请提供了一种充电电路和充电装置。下面对充电电路进行详细的描述。请参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的一种充电电路的结构示意图。如图3所示，该充电电路可以包括变换电路301、开关电路302和防反灌电路303。开关电路302分别耦合变换电路301和防反灌电路303。所述开关电路302用于控制变换电路301实现宽范围输出，所述防反灌电路303用于防止电流倒灌。具体的：
变换电路301，包括相互耦合的至少两组DC/DC变换器。至少两组DC/DC变换器，用于将第一直流电转换为第二直流电，第二直流电的电压为第一电压，充电电路使用第二直流电向电动车辆中的蓄电池供电。其中，DC/DC变换器为转变输入电压后有效输出固定电压的电压变换器。
开关电路302，包括至少一组继电器开关。其中：至少一组继电器开关，用于在第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，使至少两组DC/DC变换器串联连接，第一电压为电动车辆的充电电压；继电器开关，还用于在第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，使至少两组DC/DC变换器并联连接。
防反灌电路303，包括至少一个二极管。至少一个二极管，用于防止电动车辆中蓄电池的电流倒灌。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的一组继电器开关可以是一个继电器开关，也可以是多个继电器开关，其实现的功能是相同的，都是通过闭合/打开来控制电路的通/断。同理，一组DC/DC变换器可以为一个DC/DC变换器，也可以是多个DC/DC变换器，其实现的功能是相同的，本申请对此不作限定。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种充电电路的结构示意图。图4是上述图3所示充电电路的优化。如图4所示，该充电电路包括变换电路301、开关电路302和防反灌电路303。其中，当变换电路301包括两组DC/DC变换器，开关电路302包括一组继电器开关时，具体的，所述变换电路301包括第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器，所述开关电路302包括第一继电器开关S1，所述防反灌电路303包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2和第三二极管D3，其中：
第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器的输入电压可以是一样的电压，也可以是不同的电压。所述D1的负极通过所述S1耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D1的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D2的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D2的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述D3的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述D3的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端。
具体的，请参阅图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图。如图5所示，当S1闭合时，第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器串联连接。
请参阅图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图。如图6所示，当S1断开时，第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
可选的，S1可以为交流继电器开关。请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种充 电电路的结构示意图。图7是上述图4所示充电电路的优化。如图7所示，当S1为交流继电器开关时，该充电电路中的开关电路302还可以包括第一半导体器件。其中：S1并联耦合第一半导体器件，第一半导体器件用于保护S1。由于流过交流继电器的是直流电流，因此会造成单点故障，有了第一半导体器件的并联耦合，可以防止S1带载关断时的拉弧损坏，拉弧可以指继电器开关的绝限断开电流的最大能力。
可选的，第一半导体器件可以为IGBT、MOS管、SCR等中的任意一种半导体器件。
请参阅图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图。如图8所示，在图3所示的示意图的基础上，该充电电路还可以包括控制电路304，所述控制电路304耦合所述开关电路302。
在图4-图7中，所述控制电路304具体耦合S1。其中：
所述控制电路304，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述S1使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制S1使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。例如，当电动车辆需要充电时，控制电路304可以先检测或获取到该电动车辆的类型和所需充电电压范围，再根据充电电压范围向开关电路302下发信号或者驱动，控制开关电路302(控制S1的断开/闭合)，从而控制变换电路301(控制所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串/并联连接)，从而实现宽范围输出。其中，控制电路304可以是微控制单元(microcontroller unit，MCU)和驱动电路共同组成的电路。例如，MCU下发信号到驱动电路，驱动电路可以驱动S1的断开/闭合。
图8所对应的优化电路，详细描述可以参考上述图4-图7的描述，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。可以理解，如图4-图7所示的充电电路中，变换电路301仅示意了两组DC/DC变换器，该变换电路301还可以包括更多数量的DC/DC变换器，变换电路所实现的功能相同，本申请实施例不限定变换电路301中DC/DC变换器的数量。同理，如图4-图7所示的充电电路中，防反灌电路303仅示意了三个二极管，防反灌电路303还可以包括更多数量的二极管，防反灌电路所实现的功能相同，本申请实施例不限定防反灌电路303中二极管的数量。
请参阅图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图。图9是上述图3所示充电电路的优化。如图9所示，该充电电路包括变换电路301、开关电路302和防反灌电路303。其中，当变换电路301包括两组DC/DC变换器，开关电路302包括两组继电器开关时，具体的，所述变换电路301包括第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器，所述开关电路302包括第一继电器开关S1和第二继电器开关S2，所述防反灌电路303包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2和第三二极管D3，其中：
第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器的输入电压可以是一样的电压，也可以是不同的电压。所述D1的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D1的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D2的负极通过所述S1耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述D2的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述D3的负极通过所述S2耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述D3的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出 端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端。
具体的，当S1和S2同时断开时，如图5所示，第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器串联连接；当S1和S2同时闭合时，如图6所示，第一DC/DC变换器和第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
可选的，S1可以为交流继电器开关，S2也可以为交流继电器开关。请参阅图10，图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电电路的结构示意图。图10是上述图9所示充电电路的优化。如图10所示，当所述S1为交流继电器开关，所述S2为交流继电器开关时，该充电电路中的开关电路302还可以包括第一半导体器件和第二半导体器件。其中：S1和S2分别并联耦合所述第一半导体器件和所述第二半导体器件；第一半导体器件用于保护所述S1；第二半导体器件用于保护所述S2。由于流过交流继电器的是直流电流，因此会造成单点故障，有了第一半导体器件的并联耦合，可以防止S1和S2带载关断时的拉弧损坏，拉弧可以指继电器开关的绝限断开电流的最大能力。
可选的，第一半导体器件可以为IGBT、MOS管、SCR等中的任意一种半导体器件，第二半导体器件也可以为IGBT、MOS管、SCR中的任意一种半导体器件。
如图8所示的充电电路还可以包括控制电路304，所述控制电路304耦合所述开关电路302。
在图9和图10中，所述控制电路304具体耦合S1和S2。其中：
所述控制电路304，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制S1和S2同时断开使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制S1和S2同时闭合使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。例如，当电动车辆需要充电时，控制电路304可以先检测或获取到该电动车辆的类型和所需充电电压范围，再根据充电电压范围向开关电路302下发信号或者驱动，控制开关电路302(控制S1和S2的断开/闭合)，从而控制变换电路301(控制所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串/并联连接)，从而实现宽范围输出。其中，控制电路304可以是MCU和驱动电路共同组成的电路。例如，MCU下发信号到驱动电路，驱动电路可以驱动S1和/或S2的断开/闭合。
可以理解，如图9和图10所示的充电电路中，变换电路301仅示意了两组DC/DC变换器，该变换电路301还可以包括更多数量的DC/DC变换器，变换电路所实现的功能相同，本申请实施例不限定变换电路301中DC/DC变换器的数量。同理，如图9和图10所示的充电电路中，防反灌电路303仅示意了三个二极管，防反灌电路303还可以包括更多数量的二极管，防反灌电路所实现的功能相同，本申请实施例不限定防反灌电路303中二极管的数量。
可以理解，上述图4-图10所示充电电路中的继电器开关也可以为其他能够实现相同功能的元器件，二极管也可以为其他能够实现相同功能的元器件，本申请对此不作限定。
如图11-图17所示，针对上述任一一种充电电路中的DC/DC变换器，DC/DC变换器变换器的类型为如图11所示的全桥LLC谐振电路变换器、如图12所示的半桥LLC谐振电路变换器、如图13所示的三电平LLC谐振电路变换器、如图14所示的三电平全桥电路变换器、如图15所示的移项全桥电路变换器、如图16所示的不对称半桥电路变换器和如 图17所示的三相交错LLC谐振电路变换器中的任意一种变换器。
以上介绍了本申请实施例的充电电路，以下介绍应用所述充电电路可能的产品形态。应理解，但凡具备应用上述图3-图10所述充电电路的任何形态的产品，都落入本申请的保护范围。还应理解，以下介绍仅为举例，不限制本申请实施例的产品形态仅限于此。
充电装置作为一种可能的产品形态，请参阅图18，图18是本申请实施例提供的一种充电装置的示意图。如图18所示，该充电装置可以是充电桩；也可以是充电桩内的充电模块(model)，该充电模块的名称也可以称为电源装置/充电单元(unit)/充电器(charger)等，该充电模块可以是可插拔组合的，也可以是集成好的；该充电装置还可以是应用于除充电桩以外其他的装置。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种充电电路，其特征在于，包括相互耦合的至少两组直流DC/DC变换器、至少一组继电器开关以及至少一个二极管，其中：
    所述继电器开关，用于在第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器串联连接，所述第一电压为电动车辆的充电电压；
    所述继电器开关，还用于在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，使所述至少两组DC/DC变换器并联连接；
    所述二极管，用于防止所述电动车辆中蓄电池的电流倒灌。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述充电电路包括两组DC/DC变换器和一组继电器开关时，所述充电电路包括第一DC/DC变换器、第二DC/DC变换器、第一继电器开关、第一二极管、第二二极管和第三二极管，其中：
    所述第一二极管的负极通过所述第一继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括控制电路；
    所述控制电路，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述充电电路包括两组DC/DC变换器和两组继电器开关时，所述充电电路包括第一DC/DC变换器、第二DC/DC变换器、第一继电器开关、第二继电器开关、第一二极管、第二二极管和第三二极管，其中：
    所述第一二极管的负极耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的负极通过所述第一继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第二二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的负极通过所述第二继电器开关耦合所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端，所述第三二极管的正极耦合所述第二DC/DC变换器的第一输出端，所述第一DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第一输出端，所述第二DC/DC变换器的第二输出端为所述充电电路的第二输出端；
    通过所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关断开，以使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接；
    通过所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关闭合，以使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括控制电路；
    所述控制电路，用于在所述第一电压处于第一阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器串联连接，在所述第一电压处于第二阈值范围内的情况下，控制所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关使所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器并联连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一继电器开关为交流继电器开关时，所述充电电路还包括第一半导体器件，其中：
    所述第一继电器开关并联耦合所述第一半导体器件；
    所述第一半导体器件，用于保护所述第一继电器开关。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一继电器开关为交流继电器开关，所述第二继电器开关为交流继电器开关时，所述充电电路还包括第一半导体器件和第二半导体器件，其中：
    所述第一继电器开关和所述第二继电器开关分别并联耦合所述第一半导体器件和所述第二半导体器件；
    所述第一半导体器件，用于保护所述第一继电器开关；
    所述第二半导体器件，用于保护所述第二继电器开关。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一半导体器件为绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT、金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体MOS管、可控硅SCR中的任意一种。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第二半导体器件为绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT、金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体MOS管、可控硅SCR中的任意一种。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一DC/DC变换器和所述第二DC/DC变换器的电路结构为以下任意一种：
    全桥电感电感电容LLC谐振电路、半桥LLC谐振电路、三电平LLC谐振电路、三电平全桥电路、移项全桥电路、不对称半桥电路和三相交错LLC谐振电路。
  11. 一种充电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-10任一项所述的充电电路。
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