WO2022161862A1 - Electronic protection system for electrically powered vehicle - Google Patents

Electronic protection system for electrically powered vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022161862A1
WO2022161862A1 PCT/EP2022/051326 EP2022051326W WO2022161862A1 WO 2022161862 A1 WO2022161862 A1 WO 2022161862A1 EP 2022051326 W EP2022051326 W EP 2022051326W WO 2022161862 A1 WO2022161862 A1 WO 2022161862A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
protection system
theft protection
electric
converter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/051326
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Schmitt
Loic Trocme
Original Assignee
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitesco Technologies GmbH filed Critical Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Publication of WO2022161862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022161862A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/01—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens
    • B60R25/08—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on brakes or brake systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/40—Features of the power supply for the anti-theft system, e.g. anti-theft batteries, back-up power supply or means to save battery power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/40—Features of the power supply for the anti-theft system, e.g. anti-theft batteries, back-up power supply or means to save battery power
    • B60R25/406—Power supply in the remote key
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
    • B60L2240/461—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/36—Preventing theft during charging of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/10—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
    • B60R2025/1013—Alarm systems characterised by the type of warning signal, e.g. visual, audible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic system.
  • the present application thus seeks to improve this situation.
  • An objective of the present application is therefore to propose a method and an electronic system making it possible to supply an anti-theft protection system of an electric vehicle even when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle.
  • the invention proposes a method making it possible to supply an anti-theft protection system of an electric vehicle when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle, said vehicle comprising an electronic system comprising an AC/DC converter passive connected on the one hand to the anti-theft protection system and on the other hand to an electric motor, the electric motor being connected to a wheel of an electrically powered vehicle, said method being characterized in that when the wheel of the electric vehicle is rotated by a source external to the electric motor, the latter rotates and generates an alternating voltage converted by the passive AC/DC converter into an output voltage supplying the anti-theft protection system.
  • the method thus makes it possible to protect an electric-powered vehicle against theft by clever use of the electric motor in generator mode supplying an autonomous assembly for energy conversion and triggering of an anti-theft protection system when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle.
  • the anti-theft protection system includes a capacitor. This allows easy integration into the anti-theft protection system while allowing the stored energy to be returned immediately.
  • the anti-theft protection system is triggered when the voltage at its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold. This makes it possible to trigger the anti-theft protection system as soon as a sufficient quantity of energy necessary for its triggering has been accumulated.
  • the anti-theft protection system is deactivated when an electric vehicle key signal is detected. This prevents an owner of the electrically driven vehicle from triggering the anti-theft protection system.
  • the triggering of the anti-theft protection system can comprise a command for at least one of the following actions: an ignition of a light of the electric vehicle, or an audible signal emitted by the electric vehicle, or a message or a call on a wireless network.
  • the electronic system also comprises a traction battery and a motor control unit, configured to control traction of the vehicle by rotation of the wheel, and if necessary a regenerative braking unit when the traction battery is coupled to said control unit, said passive AC/DC converter being configured to operate even when the traction battery is uncoupled from said control unit.
  • the passive AC/DC converter comprises a full-wave rectifier. The full-wave rectifier makes it possible to rectify an alternating voltage effectively in a passive way.
  • the passive AC/DC converter comprises a Zener diode.
  • the Zener diode provides passive access to a substantially DC voltage across its terminals.
  • the invention also relates to an electronic system comprising a passive AC/DC converter connected on the one hand to an anti-theft protection system and on the other hand to an electric motor, the electric motor being connected to a wheel of a vehicle with electric propulsion, said electronic system being characterized in that it comprises means for implementing the steps of a method as described previously.
  • the invention also relates to an electrically powered vehicle, for example a two-wheeler, in particular an electrically powered scooter, incorporating an electronic system as presented according to one of the options described above.
  • an electrically powered vehicle for example a two-wheeler, in particular an electrically powered scooter, incorporating an electronic system as presented according to one of the options described above.
  • FIG. 1 represents an example of an electronic system.
  • FIG. 1 presenting an example of an electronic system according to the invention.
  • the electronic system comprises a three-phase electric motor 1 comprising a first phase U, a second phase V and a third phase W as represented in FIG. 1.
  • the electric motor is for example an induction motor.
  • the electric motor is connected to a wheel 4 of an electric propulsion vehicle so that when the wheel is rotated by a source external to the electric motor, an alternating voltage is generated on the first U, second V and third W phases of the electric motor.
  • the electrically powered vehicle may for example be an electrically powered car or advantageously an electrically powered two-wheeler.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for an electric propulsion scooter.
  • Each of the three phases of the electric motor is connected to a passive AC/DC converter 2.
  • the AC/DC converter is configured to convert the three-phase AC voltage coming from the electric motor (acting as an electric generator) into an output voltage, which is advantageously DC. Indeed, the AC/DC converter may not be a perfect converter and as such, the output voltage may be jerky.
  • the AC/DC converter is a passive element in the electronic sense of the term, that is to say that it is not controlled by a computer comprising a processor, a controller or a microcontroller. It is therefore able to convert the alternating voltage coming from the electric motor into an output voltage autonomously.
  • the AC/DC converter can for example comprise a rectifier.
  • the AC/DC converter may comprise a three-phase full-wave rectifier, that is to say six diodes mounted so as to form a Gra ⁇ tz bridge as shown in FIG. 1 so that a rectified voltage is delivered between the two output phases of the full-wave rectifier.
  • the AC/DC converter may comprise a three-phase half-wave rectifier, that is to say with a diode connected to each of the motor phases (U, V, W) so that a rectified voltage is delivered between the two output phases of the half-wave rectifier.
  • the AC/DC converter can also comprise a Zener diode connected between the two output phases of the rectifier as represented by FIG.
  • the voltage across the Zener diode is smoother than the rectified voltage output from the rectifier. In this case, the voltage across the terminals of the Zener diode is substantially continuous.
  • the AC/DC converter is connected to an anti-theft protection system 3 so that the DC voltage at the output of the converter supplies the anti-theft protection system.
  • the anti-theft protection system designates here a system making it possible to set up an anti-theft protection when, according to the method according to the invention, the wheel of the electric vehicle is driven in rotation by a source external to the electric motor. For example, in the case of an electric scooter, when it is pushed by a malicious person with the aim of stealing it, energy is produced by the motor in generator mode via the drive of the wheel, which is converted by the converter and then supplies the anti-theft protection system.
  • This anti-theft protection system can for example comprise an energy storage unit 31 .
  • This energy storage unit can for example be a capacitor or a lithium-ion battery.
  • the electric propulsion vehicle will not be moved over very large distances by rotation of the electric wheel connected to the electric motor, which means that the quantity of energy produced by the rotation of the wheel during the flight will not be very important.
  • the energy will have to be restored almost instantaneously in order to be able to trigger the protection system during the flight.
  • a capacitor or a lithium-ion battery has been cited, but any buffer energy storage allowing energy storage that can be immediately restored can be envisaged within the scope of the invention.
  • the anti-theft protection system is triggered when a voltage across its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the triggering of the anti-theft protection system may comprise a command for at least one of the following actions: an ignition of a fire of the electric vehicle, or an audible signal emitted by the electric vehicle, or a message or a call on a network wireless.
  • the message or the call on a wireless network can be intended for the owner of the vehicle, an insurer of the electric vehicle or a legal or natural person holding public authority (for example a policeman).
  • the wireless network can be the GSM network or an emergency call network for example.
  • the command can be delivered to the target actuator by a computer 32 included in the anti-theft protection system and directly powered by the energy storage unit.
  • the computer 32 comprises for example a processor, a controller or a microcontroller.
  • the anti-theft protection system may also comprise a key recognition unit 33.
  • This key recognition unit 33 makes it possible to deactivate the anti-theft protection system when a key signal from the electrically powered vehicle is recognized. By deactivation of the anti-theft protection system, it is understood here that the anti-theft protection system no longer triggers when a voltage at its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold. It therefore no longer triggers the command for the actions mentioned above.
  • a recognized electrically-powered vehicle key signal may include a signal sent when a key for starting the electric motor is inserted into a lock provided for this purpose.
  • a recognized electric vehicle key signal may also include a signal sent when a distance between the electric vehicle key and an exterior surface of the electric vehicle is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • the predetermined threshold can for example be between 0.5 and 5 meters and preferably between 1 and 3 meters.
  • the electronic system may also include a traction battery 9.
  • traction battery designates an energy storage unit delivering a direct voltage, which is then converted into three-phase alternating energy intended for the electric motor so as to rotate it. In this way, the wheel of the electric drive vehicle connected to the electric motor is also rotated and the electric drive vehicle moves. The energy therefore passes from the traction battery to the wheel of the rear-wheel drive vehicle.
  • the electronic system can thus comprise a motor control unit 7 connected to the traction battery on one side and to the electric motor on the other side and configured to control traction of the vehicle by rotation of the wheel via the stored energy in the traction battery.
  • the engine control unit can example include an active DC/AC converter comprising insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT, generally known by the English name Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) converting the DC voltage delivered by the traction battery into an AC voltage at variable frequency at each of the phases of the electric motor.
  • the motor control unit also includes a computer for controlling the transitions of the insulated-gate bipolar transistors so as to create the alternating voltage at variable frequency.
  • the computer can for example comprise a processor, a controller or a microcontroller.
  • the electronic system can also comprise a regenerative braking unit 71 integrated into the control unit 7.
  • the regenerative braking unit can comprise an active AC/DC converter also comprising bipolar transistors with insulated gates.
  • the active AC/DC converter is used to convert an AC voltage created at each of the motor phases during braking into a DC voltage so as to recharge the traction battery.
  • the control unit calculator can also control the transitions of the bipolar transistors with insulated gates of the active AC/DC converter so as to perform the conversion from AC voltage to DC voltage.
  • the passive AC/DC converter is configured to operate even when the traction battery is uncoupled from the control unit battery. In this sense, even when the traction battery of the electric propulsion vehicle is removed (for example to be charged), the anti-theft protection system continues to be powered by the passive AC/DC converter when a voltage is present on the sentences of the electric motor due to a rotation of the wheel.
  • the electric motor assembly 1, passive AC/DC converter 2 and anti-theft protection system 3 operates entirely passively, that is to say without any need for energy external to that produced by the electric motor 1 when it is in generator mode.
  • the present invention therefore proposes a method and an electronic system making it possible to protect an electrically powered vehicle against theft even when the traction battery of the electric vehicle is removed by a clever use of the electric motor in generator mode supplying an autonomous set of energy conversion and triggering of an anti-theft protection system.

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic method and system comprising a passive AC/DC converter connected on the one hand to an antitheft protection system and on the other hand to an electric motor, the electric motor being connected to a wheel of an electrically powered vehicle, the electronic method and system being characterized in that when the wheel of the electric vehicle is turned by a source external to the electric motor, the latter turns and generates an AC voltage which is converted by the passive AC/DC converter so that it powers the antitheft protection system with a substantially continuous voltage.

Description

Description Description
Titre : Système électronique de protection pour véhicule à propulsion électrique Title: Electronic protection system for electric propulsion vehicle
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention concerne un système électronique. The present invention relates to an electronic system.
Technique antérieure Prior technique
De nombreux véhicules sont équipés d’un moteur électrique alimenté par une batterie. Certaines batteries peuvent être enlevées du véhicule électrique par exemple pour être rechargées. Auquel cas, le véhicule électrique se retrouve sans batterie. Or, certaines fonctions autres que l’entraînement du moteur électrique telles que la fonction antivol du véhicule peuvent être assurées par l’alimentation de la batterie du véhicule électrique. Ainsi, lorsque la batterie est enlevée, ces fonctions peuvent se retrouver momentanément désactivées. Many vehicles are equipped with an electric motor powered by a battery. Some batteries can be removed from the electric vehicle for example to be recharged. In which case, the electric vehicle is left without a battery. However, certain functions other than driving the electric motor, such as the anti-theft function of the vehicle, can be ensured by the power supply from the battery of the electric vehicle. Thus, when the battery is removed, these functions may be temporarily disabled.
La présente demande cherche ainsi à améliorer cette situation. The present application thus seeks to improve this situation.
Présentation de l’invention Presentation of the invention
Un objectif de la présente demande est donc de proposer un procédé et un système électronique permettant d’alimenter un système de protection antivol d’un véhicule électrique même lorsqu’une batterie de traction du véhicule est désaccouplée du véhicule électrique. An objective of the present application is therefore to propose a method and an electronic system making it possible to supply an anti-theft protection system of an electric vehicle even when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle.
A cet égard, l’invention propose un procédé permettant d’alimenter un système de protection antivol d’un véhicule électrique lorsqu’une batterie de traction du véhicule est désaccouplée du véhicule électrique, ledit véhicule comportant un système électronique comprenant un convertisseur alternatif/continu passif connecté d’une part au système de protection antivol et d’autre part à un moteur électrique, le moteur électrique étant relié à une roue d’un véhicule à propulsion électrique, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce que lorsque la roue du véhicule électrique est mise en rotation par une source externe au moteur électrique, ce dernier tourne et génère une tension alternative convertie par le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif en une tension de sortie alimentant le système de protection antivol. Le procédé permet ainsi de protéger un véhicule à propulsion électrique contre un vol par une utilisation astucieuse du moteur électrique en mode générateur alimentant un ensemble autonome de conversion d’énergie et de déclenchement d’un système de protection antivol lorsqu’une batterie de traction du véhicule est désaccouplée du véhicule électrique. In this respect, the invention proposes a method making it possible to supply an anti-theft protection system of an electric vehicle when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle, said vehicle comprising an electronic system comprising an AC/DC converter passive connected on the one hand to the anti-theft protection system and on the other hand to an electric motor, the electric motor being connected to a wheel of an electrically powered vehicle, said method being characterized in that when the wheel of the electric vehicle is rotated by a source external to the electric motor, the latter rotates and generates an alternating voltage converted by the passive AC/DC converter into an output voltage supplying the anti-theft protection system. The method thus makes it possible to protect an electric-powered vehicle against theft by clever use of the electric motor in generator mode supplying an autonomous assembly for energy conversion and triggering of an anti-theft protection system when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle.
Optionnellement, le système de protection antivol comprend un condensateur. Cela permet une intégration simple au système de protection antivol tout en permettant de restituer l’énergie accumulée de manière immédiate. Optionally, the anti-theft protection system includes a capacitor. This allows easy integration into the anti-theft protection system while allowing the stored energy to be returned immediately.
Optionnellement, le système de protection antivol se déclenche lorsqu’une tension à ses bornes atteint un seuil prédéterminé. Cela permet de déclencher le système de protection antivol dès qu’une quantité suffisante d’énergie nécessaire à son déclenchement a été accumulée. Optionally, the anti-theft protection system is triggered when the voltage at its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold. This makes it possible to trigger the anti-theft protection system as soon as a sufficient quantity of energy necessary for its triggering has been accumulated.
Optionnellement, le système de protection antivol est désactivé lorsqu’un signal de clef du véhicule électrique est détecté. Cela permet d’éviter à un propriétaire du véhicule à propulsion électrique de déclencher le système de protection antivol.Optionally, the anti-theft protection system is deactivated when an electric vehicle key signal is detected. This prevents an owner of the electrically driven vehicle from triggering the anti-theft protection system.
Optionnellement, le déclenchement du système de protection antivol peut comprendre une commande de l’une au moins des actions suivantes : un allumage d’un feu du véhicule électrique, ou un signal sonore émis par le véhicule électrique, ou un message ou un appel sur un réseau sans fil. Optionally, the triggering of the anti-theft protection system can comprise a command for at least one of the following actions: an ignition of a light of the electric vehicle, or an audible signal emitted by the electric vehicle, or a message or a call on a wireless network.
Cela permet d’alerter sur le fait que le véhicule à propulsion électrique est en train d’être volé. This alerts that the electrically powered vehicle is being stolen.
Optionnellement, le système électronique comprend également une batterie de traction et une unité de commande du moteur, configurée pour commander une traction du véhicule par rotation de la roue, et le cas échéant une unité de freinage récupératif lorsque la batterie de traction est accouplée à ladite unité de commande, ledit convertisseur alternatif/continu passif étant configuré pour fonctionner même lorsque la batterie de traction est désaccouplée de ladite unité de commande. Cela permet de déclencher le système de protection antivol même lorsque la batterie de traction est désaccouplée du véhicule. Optionnellement, le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif comprend un redresseur double alternance. Le redresseur double alternance permet de redresser une tension alternative de manière efficace de façon passive. Optionally, the electronic system also comprises a traction battery and a motor control unit, configured to control traction of the vehicle by rotation of the wheel, and if necessary a regenerative braking unit when the traction battery is coupled to said control unit, said passive AC/DC converter being configured to operate even when the traction battery is uncoupled from said control unit. This allows the anti-theft protection system to be triggered even when the traction battery is uncoupled from the vehicle. Optionally, the passive AC/DC converter comprises a full-wave rectifier. The full-wave rectifier makes it possible to rectify an alternating voltage effectively in a passive way.
Optionnellement, le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif comprend une diode Zener. La diode Zener permet d’avoir accès à une tension sensiblement continue à ses bornes de manière passive. Optionally, the passive AC/DC converter comprises a Zener diode. The Zener diode provides passive access to a substantially DC voltage across its terminals.
L’invention porte par ailleurs sur un système électronique comprenant un convertisseur alternatif/continu passif connecté d’une part à un système de protection antivol et d’autre part à un moteur électrique, le moteur électrique étant relié à une roue d’un véhicule à propulsion électrique, ledit système électronique étant caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend des moyens pour la mise en œuvre des étapes d’un procédé tel que décrit précédemment. The invention also relates to an electronic system comprising a passive AC/DC converter connected on the one hand to an anti-theft protection system and on the other hand to an electric motor, the electric motor being connected to a wheel of a vehicle with electric propulsion, said electronic system being characterized in that it comprises means for implementing the steps of a method as described previously.
L’invention porte par ailleurs sur un véhicule à propulsion électrique, par exemple un deux-roues, notamment un scooter à propulsion électrique, embarquant un système électronique tel que présenté selon l’une des options décrites ci-dessus. The invention also relates to an electrically powered vehicle, for example a two-wheeler, in particular an electrically powered scooter, incorporating an electronic system as presented according to one of the options described above.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
D’autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée ci-après, et à l’analyse des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :Other characteristics, details and advantages will appear on reading the detailed description below, and on analyzing the appended drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 Fig. 1
[Fig. 1 ] représente un exemple de système électronique. [Fig. 1 ] represents an example of an electronic system.
Description des modes de réalisation Description of embodiments
Il est maintenant fait référence à la [Fig. 1 ] présentant un exemple de système électronique selon l’invention. Reference is now made to [Fig. 1] presenting an example of an electronic system according to the invention.
Le système électronique comprend un moteur électrique 1 triphasé comprenant une première phase U, une deuxième phase V et une troisième phase W telles que représentées sur la figure 1. Le moteur électrique est par exemple un moteur à induction. Le moteur électrique est relié à une roue 4 d’un véhicule à propulsion électrique de sorte que lorsque la roue est mise en rotation par une source externe au moteur électrique, une tension alternative est générée sur les première U, deuxième V et troisième W phases du moteur électrique. Le véhicule à propulsion électrique peut par exemple être une voiture à propulsion électrique ou avantageusement un deux-roues à propulsion électrique. L’invention est particulièrement avantageuse pour un scooter à propulsion électrique. The electronic system comprises a three-phase electric motor 1 comprising a first phase U, a second phase V and a third phase W as represented in FIG. 1. The electric motor is for example an induction motor. The electric motor is connected to a wheel 4 of an electric propulsion vehicle so that when the wheel is rotated by a source external to the electric motor, an alternating voltage is generated on the first U, second V and third W phases of the electric motor. The electrically powered vehicle may for example be an electrically powered car or advantageously an electrically powered two-wheeler. The invention is particularly advantageous for an electric propulsion scooter.
Chacune des trois phases du moteur électrique est reliée à un convertisseur alternatif/continu 2 passif. Le convertisseur alternatif/continu est configuré pour convertir la tension alternative triphasée en provenance du moteur électrique (agissant comme un générateur électrique) en une tension de sortie, laquelle est avantageusement continue. En effet, le convertisseur alternatif/continu peut ne pas être un convertisseur parfait et à ce titre, la tension de sortie peut être saccadée.Each of the three phases of the electric motor is connected to a passive AC/DC converter 2. The AC/DC converter is configured to convert the three-phase AC voltage coming from the electric motor (acting as an electric generator) into an output voltage, which is advantageously DC. Indeed, the AC/DC converter may not be a perfect converter and as such, the output voltage may be jerky.
Par convertisseur alternatif/continu passif, il est entendu ici que le convertisseur alternatif/continu est un élément passif au sens électronique du terme, c’est à dire qu’il n’est pas commandé par un calculateur comprenant un processeur, un contrôleur ou un microcontrôleur. Il est donc capable de convertir la tension alternative provenant du moteur électrique en une tension de sortie de manière autonome. By passive AC/DC converter, it is understood here that the AC/DC converter is a passive element in the electronic sense of the term, that is to say that it is not controlled by a computer comprising a processor, a controller or a microcontroller. It is therefore able to convert the alternating voltage coming from the electric motor into an output voltage autonomously.
Le convertisseur alternatif/continu peut par exemple comprendre un redresseur.The AC/DC converter can for example comprise a rectifier.
Par exemple, le convertisseur alternatif/continu peut comprendre un redresseur à double alternance triphasée, c’est-à-dire six diodes montées de manière à former un pont de Graëtz tel que représentées sur la figure 1 de sorte qu’une tension redressée soit délivrée entre les deux phases de sortie du redresseur double alternance. For example, the AC/DC converter may comprise a three-phase full-wave rectifier, that is to say six diodes mounted so as to form a Graëtz bridge as shown in FIG. 1 so that a rectified voltage is delivered between the two output phases of the full-wave rectifier.
Dans une variante, le convertisseur alternatif/continu peut comprendre un redresseur simple alternance triphasée, c’est-à-dire avec une diode branchée sur chacune des phases du moteur (U, V, W) de sorte qu’une tension redressée soit délivrée entre les deux phases de sortie du redresseur simple alternance. In a variant, the AC/DC converter may comprise a three-phase half-wave rectifier, that is to say with a diode connected to each of the motor phases (U, V, W) so that a rectified voltage is delivered between the two output phases of the half-wave rectifier.
Le convertisseur alternatif/continu peut par ailleurs comprendre une diode Zener connectée entre les deux phases de sortie du redresseur telle que représentée par la figure 1 . La tension aux bornes de la diode Zener est plus lisse que la tension redressée en sortie du redresseur. En l’occurrence, la tension aux bornes de la diode Zener est sensiblement continue. Le convertisseur alternatif/continu est connecté à un système de protection antivol 3 de sorte que la tension continue en sortie du convertisseur alimente le système de protection antivol. Le système de protection antivol désigne ici un système permettant de mettre en place une protection antivol lorsque suivant le procédé selon l’invention, la roue du véhicule électrique est entrainée en rotation par une source externe au moteur électrique. Par exemple, dans le cas d’un scooter électrique, lorsque celui-ci est poussé par une personne malintentionnée dans le but de le voler, de l’énergie est produite par le moteur en mode générateur via l’entrainement de la roue, laquelle est convertie par le convertisseur puis vient alimenter le système de protection antivol. The AC/DC converter can also comprise a Zener diode connected between the two output phases of the rectifier as represented by FIG. The voltage across the Zener diode is smoother than the rectified voltage output from the rectifier. In this case, the voltage across the terminals of the Zener diode is substantially continuous. The AC/DC converter is connected to an anti-theft protection system 3 so that the DC voltage at the output of the converter supplies the anti-theft protection system. The anti-theft protection system designates here a system making it possible to set up an anti-theft protection when, according to the method according to the invention, the wheel of the electric vehicle is driven in rotation by a source external to the electric motor. For example, in the case of an electric scooter, when it is pushed by a malicious person with the aim of stealing it, energy is produced by the motor in generator mode via the drive of the wheel, which is converted by the converter and then supplies the anti-theft protection system.
Ce système de protection antivol peut par exemple comprendre une unité de stockage d’énergie 31 . Cette unité de stockage d’énergie peut par exemple être un condensateur ou une batterie lithium-ion. En l’occurrence, dans le cadre d’un vol, le véhicule à propulsion électrique ne sera pas déplacé sur des distances très importantes par rotation de la roue électrique reliée au moteur électrique ce qui fait que la quantité d’énergie produite par la rotation de la roue durant le vol ne sera pas très importante. Par ailleurs, l’énergie devra être restituée presque instantanément pour pouvoir déclencher le système de protection pendant le vol. De cette façon, il a été cité un condensateur ou une batterie lithium-ion mais tout stockage d’énergie tampon permettant un stockage d’énergie restituable immédiatement peut être envisagé dans le cadre de l’invention. This anti-theft protection system can for example comprise an energy storage unit 31 . This energy storage unit can for example be a capacitor or a lithium-ion battery. In this case, in the context of a flight, the electric propulsion vehicle will not be moved over very large distances by rotation of the electric wheel connected to the electric motor, which means that the quantity of energy produced by the rotation of the wheel during the flight will not be very important. In addition, the energy will have to be restored almost instantaneously in order to be able to trigger the protection system during the flight. In this way, a capacitor or a lithium-ion battery has been cited, but any buffer energy storage allowing energy storage that can be immediately restored can be envisaged within the scope of the invention.
En l’occurrence, le système de protection antivol se déclenche lorsqu’une tension à ses bornes atteint un seuil prédéterminé. Le déclenchement du système de protection antivol peut comprendre une commande de l’une au moins des actions suivantes : un allumage d’un feu du véhicule électrique, ou un signal sonore émis par le véhicule électrique, ou un message ou un appel sur un réseau sans fil. In this case, the anti-theft protection system is triggered when a voltage across its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold. The triggering of the anti-theft protection system may comprise a command for at least one of the following actions: an ignition of a fire of the electric vehicle, or an audible signal emitted by the electric vehicle, or a message or a call on a network wireless.
Par exemple, le message ou l’appel sur un réseau sans fil peut être à destination d’un propriétaire du véhicule, d’un assureur du véhicule électrique ou d’une personne morale ou physique dépositaire de l’autorité public (par exemple à un policier). Le réseau sans fil peut être le réseau GSM ou un réseau d’appel d’urgence par exemple. For example, the message or the call on a wireless network can be intended for the owner of the vehicle, an insurer of the electric vehicle or a legal or natural person holding public authority (for example a policeman). The wireless network can be the GSM network or an emergency call network for example.
La commande peut être délivrée à l’actionneur cible par un calculateur 32 compris dans le système de protection antivol et directement alimenté par l’unité de stockage d’énergie. Le calculateur 32 comprend par exemple un processeur, un contrôleur ou un microcontrôleur. The command can be delivered to the target actuator by a computer 32 included in the anti-theft protection system and directly powered by the energy storage unit. The computer 32 comprises for example a processor, a controller or a microcontroller.
Le système de protection antivol peut par ailleurs comprendre une unité de reconnaissance de clef 33. Cette unité de reconnaissance de clef 33 permet de désactiver le système de protection antivol lorsqu’un signal de clef du véhicule à propulsion électrique est reconnu. Par désactivation du système de protection antivol, il est entendu ici le fait que le système de protection antivol ne se déclenche plus lorsqu’une tension à ses bornes atteint un seuil prédéterminé. Il ne déclenche donc plus la commande des actions citées ci-dessus. Un signal de clef du véhicule à propulsion électrique reconnu peut comprendre un signal envoyé lorsqu’une clef permettant de démarrer le moteur électrique est insérée dans une serrure prévue à cet effet. Un signal de clef de véhicule électrique reconnu peut également comprendre un signal envoyé lorsqu’une distance entre la clef du véhicule électrique et une surface extérieure du véhicule électrique est inférieure à un seuil prédéterminé. Le seuil prédéterminé peut par exemple être compris entre 0,5 et 5 mètres et de préférence entre 1 et 3 mètres. The anti-theft protection system may also comprise a key recognition unit 33. This key recognition unit 33 makes it possible to deactivate the anti-theft protection system when a key signal from the electrically powered vehicle is recognized. By deactivation of the anti-theft protection system, it is understood here that the anti-theft protection system no longer triggers when a voltage at its terminals reaches a predetermined threshold. It therefore no longer triggers the command for the actions mentioned above. A recognized electrically-powered vehicle key signal may include a signal sent when a key for starting the electric motor is inserted into a lock provided for this purpose. A recognized electric vehicle key signal may also include a signal sent when a distance between the electric vehicle key and an exterior surface of the electric vehicle is less than a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold can for example be between 0.5 and 5 meters and preferably between 1 and 3 meters.
Le système électronique peut également comprendre une batterie de traction 9. Par batterie de traction, la présente demande désigne une unité de stockage d’énergie délivrant une tension continue, laquelle est ensuite convertie en une énergie alternative triphasée à destination du moteur électrique de manière à l’entraîner en rotation. De cette façon, la roue du véhicule à propulsion électrique reliée au moteur électrique est également entraînée en rotation et le véhicule à propulsion électrique se déplace. L’énergie transite donc de la batterie de traction vers la roue du véhicule à propulsion. The electronic system may also include a traction battery 9. By traction battery, the present application designates an energy storage unit delivering a direct voltage, which is then converted into three-phase alternating energy intended for the electric motor so as to rotate it. In this way, the wheel of the electric drive vehicle connected to the electric motor is also rotated and the electric drive vehicle moves. The energy therefore passes from the traction battery to the wheel of the rear-wheel drive vehicle.
Le système électronique peut ainsi comprendre une unité de commande du moteur 7 connectée à la batterie de traction d’un côté et au moteur électrique de l’autre côté et configurée pour commander une traction du véhicule par rotation de la roue via l’énergie stockée dans la batterie de traction. L’unité de commande moteur peut par exemple comprendre un convertisseur continu/alternatif actif comprenant des transistors bipolaires à grilles isolées (IGBT, généralement connu sous la dénomination anglaise Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) convertissant la tension continue délivrée par la batterie de traction en une tension alternative à fréquence variable à chacune des phases du moteur électriques. L’unité de commande du moteur comprend également un calculateur pour commander les transitions des transistors bipolaires à grilles isolées de façon à créer la tension alternative à fréquence variable. Le calculateur peut par exemple comprendre un processeur, un contrôleur ou un microcontrôleur. The electronic system can thus comprise a motor control unit 7 connected to the traction battery on one side and to the electric motor on the other side and configured to control traction of the vehicle by rotation of the wheel via the stored energy in the traction battery. The engine control unit can example include an active DC/AC converter comprising insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT, generally known by the English name Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) converting the DC voltage delivered by the traction battery into an AC voltage at variable frequency at each of the phases of the electric motor. The motor control unit also includes a computer for controlling the transitions of the insulated-gate bipolar transistors so as to create the alternating voltage at variable frequency. The computer can for example comprise a processor, a controller or a microcontroller.
Le système électronique peut par ailleurs comprendre une unité de freinage récupérative 71 intégrée à l’unité de commande 7. L’unité de freinage récupérative peut comprendre un convertisseur alternatif/continu actif comprenant également des transistors bipolaires à grilles isolées. Le convertisseur alternatif/continu actif permet de convertir une tension alternative créée au niveau de chacune des phases du moteur lors d’un freinage en une tension continue de façon à venir recharger la batterie de traction. Le calculateur de l’unité de commande peut également commander les transitions des transistors bipolaires à grilles isolées du convertisseur alternatif/continu actif de manière à effectuer la conversion de la tension alternative vers la tension continue. The electronic system can also comprise a regenerative braking unit 71 integrated into the control unit 7. The regenerative braking unit can comprise an active AC/DC converter also comprising bipolar transistors with insulated gates. The active AC/DC converter is used to convert an AC voltage created at each of the motor phases during braking into a DC voltage so as to recharge the traction battery. The control unit calculator can also control the transitions of the bipolar transistors with insulated gates of the active AC/DC converter so as to perform the conversion from AC voltage to DC voltage.
Dans l’invention, le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif est configuré pour fonctionner même lorsque la batterie de traction est désaccouplée de la batterie de l’unité de commande. En ce sens, même lorsque la batterie de traction du véhicule à propulsion électrique est retirée (par exemple pour être chargée), le système de protection antivol continue d’être alimenté par le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif lorsqu’une tension est présente sur les phrases du moteur électrique du fait d’une rotation de la roue. In the invention, the passive AC/DC converter is configured to operate even when the traction battery is uncoupled from the control unit battery. In this sense, even when the traction battery of the electric propulsion vehicle is removed (for example to be charged), the anti-theft protection system continues to be powered by the passive AC/DC converter when a voltage is present on the sentences of the electric motor due to a rotation of the wheel.
En l’occurrence, l’ensemble moteur électrique 1 , convertisseur alternatif/continu 2 passif et système de protection antivol 3 fonctionne entièrement de manière passive, c’est-à-dire sans aucun besoin d’une énergie extérieure à celle produite par le moteur électrique 1 lorsqu’il est en mode générateur. In this case, the electric motor assembly 1, passive AC/DC converter 2 and anti-theft protection system 3 operates entirely passively, that is to say without any need for energy external to that produced by the electric motor 1 when it is in generator mode.
La présente invention propose donc un procédé et un système électronique permettant de protéger un véhicule à propulsion électrique contre un vol même lorsque la batterie de traction du véhicule électrique est retirée par une utilisation astucieuse du moteur électrique en mode générateur alimentant un ensemble autonome de conversion d’énergie et de déclenchement d’un système de protection antivol. The present invention therefore proposes a method and an electronic system making it possible to protect an electrically powered vehicle against theft even when the traction battery of the electric vehicle is removed by a clever use of the electric motor in generator mode supplying an autonomous set of energy conversion and triggering of an anti-theft protection system.

Claims

9 Revendications 9 Claims
[Revendication 1] Procédé permettant d’alimenter un système de protection antivol d’un véhicule électrique lorsqu’une batterie de traction du véhicule est désaccouplée du véhicule électrique, ledit véhicule comportant un système électronique comprenant un convertisseur alternatif/continu passif (2) connecté d’une part au système de protection antivol (3) et d’autre part à un moteur électrique (1 ), le moteur électrique étant relié à une roue (4) d’un véhicule à propulsion électrique, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce que lorsque la roue du véhicule électrique est mise en rotation par une source externe au moteur électrique, ce dernier tourne et génère une tension alternative convertie par le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif en une tension de sortie alimentant le système de protection antivol. [Claim 1] Method for powering an anti-theft protection system of an electric vehicle when a traction battery of the vehicle is uncoupled from the electric vehicle, said vehicle comprising an electronic system comprising a passive AC/DC converter (2) connected on the one hand to the anti-theft protection system (3) and on the other hand to an electric motor (1), the electric motor being connected to a wheel (4) of an electric propulsion vehicle, the said method being characterized in that that when the wheel of the electric vehicle is rotated by a source external to the electric motor, the latter rotates and generates an AC voltage converted by the passive AC/DC converter into an output voltage supplying the anti-theft protection system.
[Revendication 2] Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le système de protection antivol comprend un condensateur. [Claim 2] A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the anti-theft protection system comprises a capacitor.
[Revendication 3] Procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel le système de protection antivol se déclenche lorsqu’une tension à ses bornes atteint un seuil prédéterminé. [Claim 3] A method according to any preceding claim wherein the anti-theft protection system is triggered when a voltage across it reaches a predetermined threshold.
[Revendication 4] Procédé selon la revendication précédente dans lequel le système de protection antivol est désactivé lorsqu’un signal de clef du véhicule électrique est reconnu. [Claim 4] A method according to the preceding claim wherein the anti-theft protection system is deactivated when an electric vehicle key signal is recognized.
[Revendication 5] Procédé selon la revendication 3 dans lequel le déclenchement du système de protection antivol peut comprendre une commande de l’une au moins des actions suivantes : [Claim 5] A method according to claim 3 wherein the triggering of the anti-theft protection system may comprise a command of at least one of the following actions:
- un allumage d’un feu du véhicule à propulsion électrique, ou - ignition of a fire in the electrically powered vehicle, or
- un signal sonore émis par le véhicule à propulsion électrique, ou - an audible signal emitted by the electrically powered vehicle, or
- un message ou un appel sur un réseau sans fil. - a message or a call on a wireless network.
[Revendication 6] Procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant en outre une batterie de traction (9) et une unité de commande du moteur (7), configurée pour commander une traction du véhicule par rotation de la roue, et le cas échéant une unité de freinage récupératif (71 ) lorsque la batterie de traction est accouplée à ladite unité de commande, ledit convertisseur alternatif/continu passif étant configuré pour fonctionner même lorsque la batterie de traction est désaccouplée de ladite unité de commande. [Claim 6] A method according to any preceding claim further comprising a traction battery (9) and a motor control unit (7), configured to control traction of the vehicle by rotation of the wheel, and the case if necessary a braking unit recuperative (71) when the traction battery is coupled to said control unit, said passive AC/DC converter being configured to operate even when the traction battery is uncoupled from said control unit.
[Revendication 7] Procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif comprend un redresseur double alternance. [Claim 7] A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the passive AC/DC converter comprises a full-wave rectifier.
[Revendication 8] Procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le convertisseur alternatif/continu passif comprend une diode Zener. [Claim 8] A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the passive AC/DC converter comprises a Zener diode.
[Revendication 9] Système électronique comprenant un convertisseur alternatif/continu passif (2) connecté d’une part à un système de protection antivol (3) et d’autre part à un moteur électrique (1 ), le moteur électrique étant relié à une roue (4) d’un véhicule à propulsion électrique, ledit système électronique étant caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend des moyens pour la mise en œuvre des étapes d’un procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8. [Claim 9] Electronic system comprising a passive AC/DC converter (2) connected on the one hand to an anti-theft protection system (3) and on the other hand to an electric motor (1), the electric motor being connected to a wheel (4) of an electrically propelled vehicle, said electronic system being characterized in that it comprises means for implementing the steps of a method according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
[Revendication 10] Véhicule à propulsion électrique embarquant un système électronique selon la revendication précédente. [Claim 10] Electric propulsion vehicle carrying an electronic system according to the preceding claim.
[Revendication 11] Véhicule à propulsion électrique selon la revendication 10 caractérisé en ce qu’il s’agit d’un deux-roues. [Claim 11] Electric propulsion vehicle according to claim 10 characterized in that it is a two-wheeler.
PCT/EP2022/051326 2021-01-28 2022-01-21 Electronic protection system for electrically powered vehicle WO2022161862A1 (en)

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