WO2022161190A1

WO2022161190A1 - Slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve having special sealing valve core structure

Info

Publication number: WO2022161190A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/072094
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张晞; 张弋
Original assignee: 中国矿业大学(北京)
Priority date: 2021-01-26
Filing date: 2022-01-14
Publication date: 2022-08-04
Also published as: CN112762042A

Abstract

A slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve having a special sealing valve core structure, comprising a reversing valve body (1), return springs (6), linear rolling bearings (5), a slide valve core (2) and sealing rings (12, 15); the reversing valve body is provided therein with a valve hole (4) fitting the slide valve core and a plurality of channels in communication with liquid inlet/outlet passages, the slide valve core is in coaxial clearance fit with the valve hole, and two ends of the slide valve core are each sleeved with a return spring coaxial with the slide valve core, left and right cylinders of the slide valve core are rotatably connected to the left and right valve bodies by means of the left and right linear rolling bearings, the slide valve core is provided with a plurality of annular flow guiding grooves (10), the positions needing to be sealed between the slide valve core and the valve bodies are not sealed by a clearance fit with a rigid shaft hole, but are provided with sealing trenches (11), and the sealing rings made of a polymer material are provided in the trenches for sealing. The hydraulic reversing valve effectively ensures the sealing performance of the slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve by means of the sealing structures between the valve core and the valve hole under the emulsion, water and other water-based transmission media, improves the working reliability of the slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve, and expands the usage range of the slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve.

Description

A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of control valves, and relates to a slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure.

Background technique

The working medium is an extremely important part of the hydraulic system. Whether the hydraulic system can operate reliably, effectively, safely and economically is closely related to the performance of the selected working medium. In the hydrostatic system, the working medium is mainly divided into two categories: mineral oil and flame retardant liquid. Mineral oil type working medium has many advantages, its main disadvantage is flammability. There is a risk of fire when using mineral oil-based hydraulic fluids near open flames, high heat sources, or other fire-prone places. Therefore, it is not allowed to use mineral oil type hydraulic oil as the working medium of the hydraulic system near the high temperature open flame or underground coal mines, but must be changed to flame retardant liquid. The working medium of body hydraulic support is emulsion or pure water.

As a conventional hydraulic component, the reversing valve is widely used in hydraulic systems under various conditions, and the most widely used is the spool type reversing valve. However, for the spool type directional valve, because it uses the spool valve core to move relative to the valve body hole, there must be a matching gap between the valve core and the valve body hole, and the sealing of the directional valve It belongs to the annular gap seal. The flow state of the annular gap between the spool valve core and the valve body hole is generally laminar flow. The higher the working pressure, the greater the internal leakage. The excessive leakage of the reversing valve will cause the hydraulic system to heat up. Seriously, the efficiency is reduced and the movement speed of the actuator is affected. Due to the low viscosity and above requirements of emulsified water-based flame-retardant liquid, water and other water-based flame-retardant media, mineral oil type hydraulic oil is generally used as the working medium for the spool type reversing valve.

Since emulsion, water and other water-based flame retardant media are not suitable for the current spool valve type reversing valve, the reversing valve of the hydraulic support in the coal mine is in the form of a poppet valve or a ball valve. The poppet type reversing valve realizes reversal by opening or closing the poppet valve core relative to the valve seat, and its sealing performance is good, but a single poppet valve can only realize the two-position three-way function, so if you want to obtain a more complex function, Multiple valves must be used in combination.

At present, the reversing valve used in the hydraulic support is a piece-type structure. Each piece of valve consists of an operating mechanism, two sets of valve cores and a valve body. Each set of valve cores constitutes a two-position three-way reversing valve. In the form of a poppet valve seal. Two sets of spools (two-position three-way valve) form a three-position four-way reversing valve. Therefore, the reversing valve actually acts as a three-position four-way reversing valve. This design structure is complex, which increases the processing and maintenance costs of the equipment. If the spool type three-position four-way valve is used, the structure will be simple and reliable. Therefore, in the actual underground working environment of coal mines, it is urgent to design a reversing valve structure that can not only reliably seal to avoid leakage, but also complete the reversing operation through a simple structure.

Similarly, similar problems exist in hydraulic systems in which the hydraulic reversing valve is water and other water-based media.

For example, in order to adapt to the marine environment and meet the needs of large-depth and large-scale underwater operations, the use of seawater (freshwater) hydraulic systems instead of oil hydraulic systems has been gradually applied as a power drive method for underwater operation equipment. Under the condition of large depth, the use of oil pressure system will bring disadvantages such as pollution, flammability, and dirty work place. The leaked oil must be recovered in time. The oil pressure system needs pressure compensation, oil tank and oil return pipe, etc. If seawater invades into The system will cause the oil to deteriorate and the components to corrode; the change of the working environment pressure and temperature will cause the change of the viscosity of the medium, which will cause the instability of the system to work. The use of seawater hydraulic system can overcome the above shortcomings and has outstanding advantages: the system is compatible with the marine environment, there is no leakage pollution problem, which is conducive to protecting the marine ecological environment; the system can absorb and drain in the ocean, and the water depth pressure can be automatically compensated, so the system greatly Simplified, improved flexibility and efficiency; seawater does not burn, there is no fire hazard, and the safety of equipment is enhanced; seawater viscosity-temperature and viscosity-pressure coefficients are small, and the system has good working stability, which is beneficial for machinery and equipment to work in different water depths.

To sum up, it is of great significance to develop a spool type hydraulic reversing valve that can be used in emulsion, water and other water-based transmission media and can effectively ensure its sealing performance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure, which has a simple structure, can be used in emulsion, water and other water-based transmission media, and can effectively ensure the hydraulic changeover. The sealing performance of the directional valve improves the working reliability of the hydraulic directional valve and improves the working efficiency.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure includes a reversing valve body, a return spring, a linear rolling bearing, a spool valve core and a sealing ring; The valve hole matched with the core and the multi-channel holes used to communicate with the liquid inlet and outlet channels, the spool valve core and the valve hole are coaxially clearance-fitted, and both ends of the spool valve core are sleeved with coaxial with the spool valve core. The return spring is characterized in that the valve body of the reversing valve can be an integral type or a split type; The left linear rolling bearing is rotatably connected to the left valve body, and the right cylinder of the spool valve core is rotatably connected to the right valve body through the right linear rolling bearing. The position that needs to be sealed between the spool valve core and the valve body is not a rigid shaft hole matching clearance Instead, there is a sealing groove, and there is a polymer material sealing ring in the groove for sealing;

Specifically, for the spool type hydraulic reversing valve, the polymer sealing ring is installed on the spool, the left cylinder of the spool valve core is provided with a sealing groove near the left annular guide groove, and the right side of the spool valve spool is provided with a sealing groove. A sealing groove is also provided on the side cylinder near the right annular diversion groove, sealing grooves are provided on both sides of the cylinder in the middle of the slide valve core, and sealing rings are installed in the sealing grooves;

Specifically, the valve hole inside the valve body of the spool type hydraulic reversing valve is in vertical communication with the multi-channel hole, and an annular concave platform coaxial with the valve hole is arranged at the communication place, and the shoulder of the concave platform is in transition with the valve hole. The chamfers are straight, arc, and the combination of straight and arc. They are used to slow down the instantaneous impact or shear of the shoulder edge on the sealing ring when the spool moves and enters and exits the sealing area;

Specifically, in the spool type hydraulic reversing valve, the polymer sealing ring is installed in the valve body, the valve hole inside the valve body of the reversing valve is in vertical communication with the multi-channel hole, and the connection is provided with a coaxial valve hole. There are sealing grooves on both sides of the left annular concave platform of the valve body, sealing grooves are also set on both sides of the right annular concave platform of the valve body, and both sides of the middle annular concave platform of the valve body are provided with Sealing grooves, and sealing rings are installed in the above-mentioned sealing grooves;

Specifically, the spool cylinder of the spool type hydraulic reversing valve is provided with a chamfering structure at the plurality of annular diversion grooves, and the chamfers of the cylinder end faces on both sides of the plurality of annular diversion grooves are linear and arc-shaped. And the combination type of linear and arc type is used to slow down the instantaneous impact or shear of the edge of the spool cylinder on the sealing ring when the spool moves and enters and exits the sealing area;

Specifically, the sealing structure adopted between the valve core and the valve body of the spool type hydraulic reversing valve is that the sealing ring is installed on the valve core, and the valve body has transition chamfers, or the sealing ring is installed in the valve body, and the valve There are chamfers on the core.

Specifically, the spool type hydraulic reversing valve body, spool valve core and return spring are all made of materials that are not easy to rust, such as copper, stainless steel, or the inner and outer surfaces are plated with an anti-oxidation layer structure;

Specifically, the working medium of the slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve of the present invention is emulsion, water and other water-based transmission medium;

Specifically, the slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve of the present invention is a hydraulic reversing valve for a hydraulic system of a water-based medium or a hydraulic reversing valve for a hydraulic support in a coal mine;

The technical effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

Ordinary spool type reversing valve has no sealing ring, and a gap seal is formed between the valve body and the valve core. The working pressure of the hydraulic support is large, and the leakage of the working medium is large. The spool type reversing valve of this design is designed with a sealing ring, and the working medium is emulsion, water and other water-based flame retardant medium, which will not leak.

The chamfered structure on the valve body or on the valve core is designed with a specific shape through finite element analysis. When changing direction, when the sealing ring enters the valve hole and leaves the valve hole, the sealing ring will not be squeezed violently, so that the reversing valve changes direction smoothly and prolongs its life.

It adopts polymer material sealing ring, which is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, self-lubricating and reliable.

Linear rolling bearings are installed at both ends of the valve core. Due to the poor lubricity of emulsions, water and other water-based flame retardant media, after the linear rolling bearing is installed, the point contact between the inner rolling element steel ball and the valve core can achieve high precision and brisk straight line with minimal frictional resistance. Movement can help reduce the wear of the reversing valve and improve the service life of the reversing valve.

Ordinary spool type reversing valve often occurs hydraulic clamping phenomenon, so the valve core and valve body are required to have high coaxiality. The reversing valve of this design alleviates the hydraulic clamping phenomenon due to the installation of linear rolling bearings.

It should be pointed out that the reversing valve described in this description is designed for all reversing valves with spool valve function, including but not limited to three-position four-way valves, specifically two-position two-way valves, two-position three-way valves Through valve, 4/2-way valve, 5/2-way valve, 4/3-way valve, 5/3-way valve, etc.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front sectional view of a spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to the present invention (the sealing ring is installed on the valve core)

Figure 2 is a schematic top-view cross-sectional view of a spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to the present invention (the sealing ring is installed on the valve core)

Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the shoulder of the valve hole of a slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to the present invention (the sealing ring is installed on the valve core)

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the front sectional view of a spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to the present invention (the sealing ring is installed in the valve body)

Figure 5 is a partial schematic view of the cylinder end face of a spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to the present invention (the sealing ring is installed in the valve body)

Reference numerals: 1-reversing valve body, 2-spool valve core, 3-sealing ring, 4-valve hole, 5-linear rolling bearing, 6-return spring, 7-shoulder of annular concave platform, 8- Edges and corners, 9- transition chamfer between shoulder and valve hole, 10- annular guide groove, 11- sealing groove on valve core, 12- sealing ring, 13- annular concave platform, 14- sealing groove on valve body Groove, 15-seal ring, 16-chamfer on the end face of the valve core cylinder, 17-annular guide groove

Detailed ways

Example 1

A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure, specifically a three-position four-way valve, including a reversing valve body 1, a return spring 6, a linear rolling bearing 5, a spool valve core 2 and a sealing ring assembly 3; The valve body 1 of the reversing valve is provided with a valve hole 4 which is matched with the spool valve core 2 and a multi-channel hole for communicating with the liquid inlet and outlet channels, and the spool valve spool 2 and the valve hole 4 are coaxial clearance fit Both ends of the spool valve core 2 are sleeved with a return spring 6 coaxial with the spool valve core, characterized in that the reversing valve body 1 is divided into a left valve body, a right valve body and an intermediate valve body, each valve The end faces between the bodies are sealed and joined by sealing gaskets, and the two return springs 6 are respectively located inside the left and right valve bodies. The valve body is rotatably connected to the left valve body 1 through the left linear rolling bearing 5, and the right cylinder of the spool valve core 2 is rotatably connected to the right valve body 1 through the right linear rolling bearing 5. The position is not sealed with a rigid shaft hole with a gap, but a sealing groove 11 is provided, and there is a polymer material sealing ring 12 in the groove for sealing;

Specifically, in the spool type hydraulic reversing valve, the polymer sealing ring 12 is installed on the valve core 2, the left cylinder of the valve core 2 is provided with a sealing groove 11 near the left annular guide groove 10, and the sliding valve The right cylinder of the valve core is also provided with a sealing groove at the position close to the right annular diversion groove, and both sides of the cylinder in the middle of the spool valve core are provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings 12 are installed in the sealing grooves;

Specifically, the valve hole 4 inside the valve body 1 of the spool type reversing valve is in vertical communication with the multi-channel orifice, and an annular concave platform coaxial with the valve hole is arranged in the communication. The transition chamfer 9 is a straight line, a curved line, and a combination of a straight line and a curved line. It is used to reduce the instantaneous impact or shear of the shoulder edge 8 on the sealing ring 12 when the spool 2 moves and enters and exits the sealing area. cut;

Specifically, the spool type hydraulic reversing valve body 1, the spool valve core 2 and the return spring 6 are all made of materials that are not easy to rust, such as copper, stainless steel, or the inner and outer surfaces are plated with an anti-oxidation layer structure;

Specifically, the sealing ring is an O-shaped sealing ring, a Y-shaped sealing ring, a V-shaped sealing ring or a special polymer sealing ring.

Specifically, the working principle of the spool type hydraulic reversing valve is as follows:

When the spool 2 moves to the left, the P port is connected to the B port, and the A port is connected to the T port; when the spool 2 moves to the right, the P port is connected to the A port, and the B port is connected to the T port; the spool valve spool 2 is in the neutral position, and the P port, A port, B port, and T port are all blocked.

Embodiment 2

A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure, specifically a three-position four-way valve, including a reversing valve body 1, a return spring 6, a linear rolling bearing 5, a spool valve core 2 and a sealing ring assembly 3; The valve body 1 of the reversing valve is provided with a valve hole 4 which is matched with the spool valve core 2 and a multi-channel hole for communicating with the liquid inlet and outlet channels, and the spool valve spool 2 and the valve hole 4 are coaxial clearance fit Both ends of the spool valve core 2 are sleeved with a return spring 6 coaxial with the spool valve core, characterized in that the reversing valve body 1 is divided into a left valve body, a right valve body and an intermediate valve body, each valve The end faces between the bodies are sealed and joined by sealing gaskets, and the two return springs 6 are respectively located inside the left and right valve bodies. The valve body is rotatably connected to the left valve body 1 through the left linear rolling bearing 5, and the right cylinder of the spool valve core 2 is rotatably connected to the right valve body 1 through the right linear rolling bearing 5. The position is not sealed with a rigid shaft hole with a gap, but a sealing groove 14 is provided, and a polymer material sealing ring 15 is provided in the groove for sealing;

Specifically, in the spool type hydraulic reversing valve, the polymer sealing ring 14 is installed in the valve body 1, the valve hole 4 in the valve body 1 of the reversing valve is in vertical communication with the multi-channel hole, and the communication part is provided with The annular concave platform 13 coaxial with the valve hole 4 is provided with sealing grooves 14 on both sides of the annular concave platform on the left side of the valve body. Sealing grooves 14 are provided on both sides of the annular concave platform, and sealing rings 15 are installed in the sealing grooves 14;

Specifically, the cylinders of the spool 2 of the spool type hydraulic reversing valve are provided with chamfering structures 16 at the plurality of annular diversion grooves 17, and the chamfers 16 of the cylinder end surfaces on both sides of the plurality of annular diversion grooves are linear. , Arc type and combination type of linear type and arc type are used to reduce the instantaneous impact or shearing of the spool cylinder edge on the sealing ring when the spool 2 moves and enters and exits the sealing area;

Embodiment three:

The patent of the present invention can also be used for the two-position two-way valve, the two-position three-way valve, the two-position four-way valve, the two-position five-way valve, the three-position five-way valve and the like.

Claims

A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure includes a reversing valve body, a return spring, a linear rolling bearing, a spool valve core and a sealing ring; The valve hole matched with the core and the multi-channel holes used to communicate with the liquid inlet and outlet channels, the spool valve core and the valve hole are coaxially clearance-fitted, and both ends of the spool valve core are sleeved with coaxial with the spool valve core. The return spring is characterized in that the left cylinder of the spool valve core is rotatably connected to the left valve body through the left linear rolling bearing, the right cylinder of the spool valve core is rotatably connected to the right valve body through the right linear rolling bearing, and the spool valve core is rotatably connected to the right valve body through the right linear rolling bearing. There are multiple annular diversion groove structures. The position that needs to be sealed between the spool valve core and the valve body is not sealed with a rigid shaft hole matching gap, but a sealing groove is provided, and there is a polymer material sealing ring in the groove. for sealing.
A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to claim 1, the polymer sealing ring is installed on the valve core, and the left cylinder of the slide valve core is close to the left guide. The position of the flow ring groove is provided with a sealing groove, the position of the right cylinder of the slide valve core close to the right diversion ring groove is also provided with a sealing groove, and the two sides of the cylinder in the middle of the slide valve core are provided with sealing grooves. Sealing rings are installed in the sealing grooves.
A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to any one of claims 1 or 2, the valve hole in the valve body of the reversing valve is in vertical communication with the multi-channel hole, and the connection is provided with There is an annular concave platform coaxial with the valve hole. The transition chamfer between the shoulder of the concave platform and the valve hole is linear, arc and combination of linear and arc. It is used for the movement of the spool valve and the When entering and exiting the sealing area, reduce the instantaneous impact or shear of the shoulder edge on the sealing ring.
A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to claim 1, the polymer sealing ring is installed in the valve body, and the valve hole inside the reversing valve valve body is connected to the valve body. The multi-channel holes are vertically communicated, and an annular concave platform coaxial with the valve hole is arranged at the communication place. The two sides of the left annular concave platform of the valve body are provided with sealing grooves, and the two sides of the right annular concave platform of the valve body are also provided with seals. There are sealing grooves on both sides of the middle annular concave platform of the valve body, and sealing rings are installed in the sealing grooves.
A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to any one of claims 1 or 4, the spool valve core cylinder is located at a plurality of annular guide grooves with a chamfered structure, and a plurality of The chamfers of the cylinder end faces on both sides of the annular diversion groove are straight, arc, and a combination of straight and arc, which are used to slow down the cylinder of the spool when the spool moves and enters and exits the sealing area. Instantaneous impact or shear of the edge and corner on the seal.
A slide valve type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the working medium of the hydraulic reversing valve is emulsion, water and other water-based transmission medium.
A spool type hydraulic reversing valve with a special sealing valve core structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the hydraulic reversing valve is a hydraulic system of a water-based medium or a hydraulic reversing valve for a hydraulic support in a coal mine .