WO2022161121A1 - 废料处理循环设备 - Google Patents

废料处理循环设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022161121A1
WO2022161121A1 PCT/CN2022/070243 CN2022070243W WO2022161121A1 WO 2022161121 A1 WO2022161121 A1 WO 2022161121A1 CN 2022070243 W CN2022070243 W CN 2022070243W WO 2022161121 A1 WO2022161121 A1 WO 2022161121A1
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Prior art keywords
reaction kettle
conveying
calciner
waste
cage
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PCT/CN2022/070243
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘桓诚
刘爱国
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刘桓诚
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Publication of WO2022161121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022161121A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic treatment, in particular to a waste treatment recycling device.
  • waste plastic waste In related technologies, it is difficult for waste plastic waste to decompose itself in the soil.
  • the methods used to deal with waste plastics are limited to incineration, landfill, degradation and recycling, but these methods have more or less effects on air and water sources. pollution, and low economic efficiency.
  • Existing waste plastic treatment equipment does not properly handle the exhausted gas products, which is likely to cause environmental pollution. Directly discharging the catalyst will not only cause waste of resources, increase costs, but also cause serious environmental pollution.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment recycling equipment, which can thoroughly treat the exhaust gas, avoid causing pollution to the environment, and solve the problem that the catalyst is difficult to recover after the reaction by recycling the catalyst, reducing costs and avoiding cause pollution to the environment.
  • a waste treatment and recycling device includes: a calciner, which is used for calcination, and the calciner is used for high-temperature reduction of a catalyst; a reaction kettle, which is used for supplying waste materials The reaction is carried out under the action of the catalyst, and the reaction kettle has an air outlet and a material outlet; a first conveyor chain, the first conveyor chain is respectively connected with the calciner and the reaction kettle, and the first conveyor chain is connected to the calciner and the reaction kettle respectively.
  • the chain is used to transport the catalyst reduced in the calciner to the reaction kettle; the second conveyor chain is connected to the calciner and the discharge port respectively, and the second conveyor chain is connected to the calciner and the discharge port respectively.
  • the conveying chain is used for conveying the solid product of the reaction kettle to the calciner, so that the calciner can reduce the catalyst in the solid product at a high temperature; a cold heat exchanger, the cold heat exchanger Connected with the gas outlet, the cold heat exchanger is used for cooling and liquefying the gas product of the reaction kettle; the intermediate tank is connected with the cold heat exchanger, and the intermediate tank is used for storing the The liquefied product in the gas product; a tail gas recovery pipe, the tail gas recovery pipe is connected with the intermediate tank and the calciner, and the tail gas recovery pipe is used to transport the unliquefied residual gas in the gas product to the Calciner to support combustion.
  • a circulation path is formed by the calciner, the first conveyor chain, the reaction kettle and the second conveyor chain, which can realize the recycling of the catalyst, which is convenient for saving raw materials and reducing costs.
  • the exhaust gas recovery pipe By setting the exhaust gas recovery pipe, the residual gas that cannot be cooled and liquefied by the cooling heat exchanger can be effectively flowed into the calciner, which can not only be used as the raw material for the calcination of the calciner, but also has a combustion-supporting effect for the combustion inside the calciner.
  • the energy cost of heating the calciner can also effectively decompose the toxic substances in the residual gas, improve the environmental protection of the gas finally discharged into the air, effectively avoid environmental pollution, and improve safety.
  • waste disposal recycling equipment according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the second conveying chain includes: a sealed conveying cage, one end of the sealed conveying cage is connected to the outlet, and the sealed conveying cage is used to transfer the received solid product Conveying to the other end; the reinforced sealing conveying cage is connected with the other end of the sealing conveying cage, and the reinforced sealing conveying cage is used for conveying the solid product to the calciner, and the reinforced sealing conveying cage is used for conveying the solid product to the calciner.
  • the sealed conveying cage is also used to block the flow of external oxygen from the calciner or the elevator to the reaction kettle.
  • the second conveyor chain further comprises: an elevator, the elevator is connected to the reinforced sealing conveying cage, and the elevator is used for conveying and throwing the solid product into the The top inlet of the calciner.
  • the waste processing and recycling equipment further includes: a material making machine, which is used to prepare the waste according to set conditions;
  • the material making machine is connected with the reaction kettle, and the extrusion pipe is used for feeding the wastes that meet the set conditions into the reaction kettle.
  • the reaction kettle is provided with a reaction conveying member, and the connection port of the first conveying chain, the extrusion pipe and the reaction kettle are all adjacent to one end of the reaction conveying member,
  • the gas outlet is located in the middle of the reaction conveying member, the material outlet is adjacent to the other end of the reaction conveying member, and the reaction conveying member is used for mixing the waste material and the catalyst during conveying.
  • the material outlet is located on the bottom wall of the reactor, and the gas outlet is located on the top wall of the reactor.
  • the lower part of the calciner is funnel-shaped, and the first conveyor chain is connected to the bottom funnel of the calciner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a waste treatment recycling device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a waste disposal recycling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a top view of a waste disposal recycling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • the following describes a waste disposal recycling device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • a waste processing and recycling equipment 100 includes: a calciner 1 , a reaction kettle 2 , a first conveyor chain 3 , a second conveyor chain 4 , and a cold heat exchanger 5 , intermediate tank 6 and exhaust gas recovery pipe 7 .
  • the calcining furnace 1 is used for calcination, and the calcining furnace 1 is used to reduce the catalyst at high temperature.
  • the temperature of the catalyst can be raised, which is convenient for subsequent use of the catalyst for reaction, and the catalyst will lose its catalytic ability after use. Therefore, after the catalyst is calcined at high temperature by the calciner 1, the catalyst can be reduced. In a state with catalytic ability, it is convenient for the repeated recycling of the catalyst.
  • the reaction kettle 2 is used for the reaction of the waste material under the action of the catalyst, and the reaction kettle 2 has an air outlet 21 and a material outlet 22, that is, the catalyst calcined by the calciner 1 can enter the interior of the reaction kettle 2, and the waste material is mixed with the waste material in the reaction kettle 2.
  • the reaction is carried out, so that the waste can be processed into mixed oil, which is convenient for reuse.
  • the gas outlet 21 of the reaction kettle 2 can facilitate the passage of gaseous products generated after the reaction between the catalyst and the waste material, so that the gaseous products are discharged out of the reaction kettle 2 .
  • the discharge port 22 of the reactor 2 can discharge the solid product produced by the reaction of the catalyst and the waste material, so as to facilitate the collection of the solid product.
  • the discharge port 22 can be set at one end of the reaction kettle 2 away from the calciner 1, and the discharge port 22 is set at a lower position on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction kettle 2, so that the reaction can be After the solid product that is produced moves to the position of the discharge port 22, it is automatically discharged from the discharge port 22 by the action of gravity, so as to prevent the solid product from blocking the discharge port 22 during discharge.
  • the first conveyor chain 3 is respectively connected to the calciner 1 and the reaction kettle 2 , and the first conveyor chain 3 is used to transport the catalyst reduced in the calciner 1 to the reaction kettle 2 .
  • the second conveyor chain 4 is respectively connected with the calciner 1 and the discharge port 22. The second conveyor chain 4 is used to transport the solid product of the reaction kettle 2 to the calciner 1, so that the calciner 1 can heat the catalyst in the solid product to a high temperature. reduction.
  • the calcining furnace 1 and the reaction kettle 2 can be communicated to form a channel for transporting the catalyst from the calcining furnace 1 to the reaction kettle 2 .
  • the setting of the second conveyor chain 4 can make the outlet 22 of the reaction kettle 2 communicate with the calciner 1 to form a channel for transporting the catalyst from the reaction kettle 2 to the calciner 1 . That is, after the catalyst in the reaction kettle 2 is discharged through the discharge port 22, it is transported to the calciner 1 by the second conveyor chain 4 along with the solid product, so that the catalyst can be reduced to It has a state of catalysis, thereby forming a passage for the circulating flow of the catalyst, and the circulating use of the catalyst can be realized.
  • the cold heat exchanger 5 is connected to the gas outlet 21 , and the cold heat exchanger 5 is used to cool and liquefy the gaseous product of the reactor 2 .
  • the intermediate tank 6 is connected with the cold heat exchanger 5, and the intermediate tank 6 is used for storing the liquefied substance in the gaseous product liquid.
  • the waste can produce gaseous products and solid products, wherein the generated gaseous products can be discharged into the cold heat exchanger 5 through the gas outlet 21, and pass through the cold heat exchanger 5.
  • the function liquefies the gas product, that is, liquefies some substances in the gas product after cooling down, and stores it through the intermediate tank 6 communicated with the cold heat exchanger 5, so as to facilitate the collection of the liquefied material. What is stored is the liquefaction produced after the liquefaction of the gaseous product.
  • the liquefied material can be mixed oil as mentioned above, and the waste can also be waste plastic.
  • a mixed oil By reacting the waste plastic with a catalyst, and further liquefying by cooling, a mixed oil can be produced.
  • the exhaust gas recovery pipe 7 is connected to the intermediate tank 6 and the calciner 1 , and the exhaust gas recovery pipe 7 is used to transport the unliquefied residual gas in the gas product to the calciner 1 for combustion support. That is, the intermediate tank 6 and the calcining furnace 1 are communicated through the exhaust gas recovery pipe 7, so that a gas circulation channel is formed between the intermediate tank 6 and the calcining furnace 1, and the gas product discharged through the gas outlet 21 is cooled and liquefied through the cold heat exchanger 5.
  • part of the gas product will form a liquefied product and be stored in the intermediate tank 6, and part of the residual gas in the gas product that cannot be cooled and liquefied will enter the calciner 1 through the tail gas recovery pipe 7, which can be used for the internal combustion of the calciner 1. It can save the energy consumed by heating the calcining furnace 1.
  • a circulation path is formed by the calciner 1, the first conveying chain 3, the reaction kettle 2 and the second conveying chain 4, so that the catalyst can be recycled, which is convenient for saving raw materials and reducing costs.
  • the exhaust gas recovery pipe 7 By providing the exhaust gas recovery pipe 7, the residual gas that cannot be cooled and liquefied by the cold heat exchanger 5 can be effectively flowed into the calcining furnace 1, which can be used as a raw material for the calcination of the calcining furnace 1, and can be used for the combustion inside the calcining furnace 1.
  • the combustion-supporting effect reduces the energy cost of heating the calciner 1, and can effectively decompose the toxic substances in the residual gas, improve the environmental protection of the gas finally discharged into the air, effectively avoid environmental pollution, and improve safety.
  • the second conveyor chain 4 includes: a sealed conveying cage 41 and a reinforced sealed conveying cage 42 , one end of the sealed conveying cage 41 is connected to the discharge port 22 , and the sealed conveying cage 41 is used to The received solid product is conveyed to the other end.
  • the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 is connected to the other end of the sealing conveying cage 41.
  • the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 is used for conveying the solid product to the calciner 1, and the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 is also used to block the external oxygen from the calcining furnace 1 or the elevator. 43 enters and flows into the reactor 2.
  • the two ends of the sealing conveying cage 41 are respectively communicated with the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 and the discharge port 22 .
  • the other end is communicated with the calcining furnace 1, so that a passage can be formed, which can realize the flow of the solid product generated after the reaction of the reaction kettle 2, so that the solid product can pass through.
  • the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 cooperates with the sealing conveying cage 41 to play the role of secondary sealing.
  • reaction kettle 2 there is a reacted gas product in the reaction kettle 2, and if the gas product is mixed with oxygen, deflagration will occur to cause danger, so the reaction kettle 2 in the waste treatment recycling equipment of the embodiment of the present invention is always in an oxygen-free state of.
  • the two ends of the reaction kettle 2 are the first end 23 and the second end 24 respectively.
  • the first end 23 is connected with the first conveyor chain 3 through the feeding port 31, and the second end 24 and the sealed conveying cage 41 are connected through the outlet.
  • the material port 22 is connected. When the catalyst is transported to the discharge port 31 and the discharge port 22, a seal can be formed at the discharge port 31 and the discharge port 22 through the flow of the catalyst to prevent oxygen from flowing into the reactor 2.
  • a sealing structure can be added by setting the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of loose sealing.
  • the height of the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 is lower than the height of the sealing conveying cage 41 , that is, the height of the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 and the sealing conveying cage 41 are There is a certain height difference, so that the sealed conveyance cage 41 and the reinforced sealed conveyance cage 42 are not straight through passages at the same level. Therefore, the gaseous products discharged through the discharge port 22 cannot flow directly into the calcining furnace 1, so that the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 can cut off the gaseous products to a certain extent.
  • the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 when the gas product generated in the reaction kettle 2 enters the sealing conveying cage 41 through the discharge port 22, and further flows to the elevator 43, the reinforced sealing conveying cage provided 42 can block the movement of gaseous products to the elevator 43 . Therefore, it is effectively avoided that the gas product directly contacts with the oxygen in the elevator 43 to form deflagration and cause danger.
  • the second conveyor chain 4 further includes: a hoist 43 , the hoist 43 is connected to the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 , and the hoist 43 is used for conveying and throwing the solid product into the calciner. 1 top inlet.
  • the solid product passing through the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 can be conveyed into the calciner 1 by means of the elevator 43 .
  • the height of the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 may also be lower than the heights of the elevator 43 and the sealing conveying cage 41 at the same time, that is, the height of the reinforced sealing conveying cage 41 can be
  • the cage 42 has a certain height difference with the elevator 43 and the sealed conveying cage 41 at the same time, so that the sealed conveying cage 41 and the elevator 43 are not directly connected at the same level.
  • solid products and gas products will be produced after the catalyst reacts with the waste in the reactor 2 .
  • the solid products will be discharged through the discharge port 22 , and the gas products will be discharged through the gas outlet 21 .
  • part of the gas product will enter the sealed conveying cage 41 through the discharge port 22. If the part of the gas product is directly conveyed into the elevator 43 through the sealed conveying cage 41 along with the solid product, the gas product will be directly connected to the elevator 43. If the oxygen is contacted, a deflagration reaction will occur, which will increase the use risk of the waste disposal recycling equipment 100 .
  • the gas product entering the sealing conveying cage 41 can be effectively prevented from flowing to the hoist 43 by strengthening the height difference between the sealing conveying cage 42 and the hoist 43 and the sealing conveying cage 41. , the flow of gaseous products is cut off.
  • a section of seal is also added by adding a reinforced sealing conveying cage 42, which effectively prevents the oxygen entering through the calciner 1 or the elevator 43 from flowing into the reaction kettle 2 and the gaseous products. Deflagration occurs in the connection, which greatly improves the safety factor during the operation of the equipment.
  • reaction kettle 2 there is a reacted gas product in the reaction kettle 2, and if the gas product is mixed with oxygen, deflagration will occur to cause danger, so the reaction kettle 2 in the waste treatment recycling equipment of the embodiment of the present invention is always in the anaerobic state.
  • a sealing structure can be added between the sealing conveying cage 41 and the elevator 43, that is, the connecting port between the elevator 43 and the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 is sealed by the catalyst.
  • the catalyst will Strengthening the connection port between the sealing and conveying cage 42 and the sealing and conveying cage 41 also forms a seal, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of loose sealing.
  • the waste processing and recycling equipment 100 further includes: a material making machine 8 and a material extruding pipe 9 , and the material making machine 8 is used to prepare waste materials according to set conditions.
  • the extrusion pipe 9 is respectively connected with the material making machine 8 and the reaction kettle 2 , and the extrusion pipe 9 is used for feeding the wastes that meet the set conditions into the reaction kettle 2 .
  • the feeder 8 can heat the raw materials to form wastes in a molten state, so that the wastes can be more easily contacted and reacted with the catalyst in the reaction kettle 2, and the reaction rate is improved.
  • the raw material can be heated to a molten state by the feeder 8, and the formed waste can be extruded into the reactor 2 through the extrusion pipe 9, so as to facilitate the transportation of the waste, and the molten waste is convenient for react with the catalyst.
  • the reaction kettle 2 is provided with a reaction conveying member, the connection ports of the first conveying chain 3, the extrusion pipe 9 and the reaction kettle 2 are all adjacent to one end of the reaction conveying member, and the air outlet 21 is located at the reaction conveying member.
  • the discharge port 22 is adjacent to the other end of the reaction conveying part, and the reaction conveying part is used to mix the waste material with the catalyst during conveying.
  • the gas outlet 21 is located in the middle of the reaction kettle 2 and is located above the peripheral wall of the reaction kettle 2, which can facilitate the discharge of gaseous products from the gas outlet 21, and also effectively prevent the solid products from clogging the outlet during movement.
  • a reaction conveying member is provided in the reaction kettle 2, so that the catalyst and the waste in the reaction kettle 2 can be mixed and processed to improve the reaction rate. Wherein, the reaction conveying member can convey the catalyst, waste and solid products in the reaction kettle 2 from one end to the other end.
  • connection port connecting the first conveyor chain 3 and the reaction kettle 2 is the feeding port 31, through which the first conveyor chain 3 and the reaction kettle 2 are connected. connection between.
  • the end of the reaction kettle 2 close to the calciner 1 is named as the first end 23
  • the end of the reaction kettle 2 away from the calciner 1 is named as the second end 24
  • the first end 23 of the reactor 2 is connected with the first conveyor chain 3
  • the extrusion pipe 9 is also connected with the position on the reactor 2 close to the first end 23
  • Both the gas outlet 21 and the material outlet 22 are located near the second end 24 of the reactor 2, so it can be understood that the reaction conveying member can transport the catalyst, waste and solid products from the first end 23 to the second end 24 delivery.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first conveying chain 3, the reaction kettle 2, the sealed conveying cage 41 and the reinforced sealing conveying cage 42 may all be provided with conveying mechanisms.
  • the mechanism can realize the transportation of the catalyst and the waste material, and realize the overall automatic operation of the waste treatment cycle equipment 100 .
  • the above-mentioned conveying mechanism can be a screw conveying pump, or a screw conveying shaft or similar structure, which is not limited here, so that the catalyst and waste can be conveyed, and the waste treatment recycling equipment can be realized. 100 of the overall automation runs.
  • the discharge port 22 is located on the bottom wall of the reactor 2, so that when the solid product moves to the position of the discharge port 22, the discharge port 22 can be moved by gravity. The action causes the solid product to be automatically discharged from the discharge port 22 .
  • the air outlet 21 is located on the top wall of the reaction kettle 2, and the air outlet 21 is arranged on the top wall of the reaction kettle 2 to prevent solid products from being discharged from the air outlet 21 or blocking the air outlet 21 by solid products.
  • the lower part of the calcining furnace 1 is funnel-shaped, and the first conveyor chain 3 is connected to the bottom funnel of the calcining furnace 1 .
  • Setting the lower part of the calcining furnace 1 into a funnel shape can prevent the catalyst in the calcining furnace 1 from remaining on the inner wall of the calcining furnace 1, and setting the lower part of the calcining furnace 1 into a funnel shape can effectively ensure that the catalyst is automatically transported from the calcining furnace 1 to the calcining furnace 1.
  • the first conveyor chain 3 .
  • the material machine 8 transports the produced waste into the reaction kettle 2, and the reaction between the waste and the catalyst in the reaction kettle 2 will produce gas products and solid products, wherein the solid The product is mixed with the catalyst, and is transported from the reaction kettle 2 to the discharge port 22 along with the transport, and then moves to the sealed transport cage 41, further transported to the reinforced sealing transport cage 42, and finally transported to the calciner through the elevator 43. 1 calcined.
  • the solid product will be calcined at high temperature to form a small amount of residue, which can finally be filtered by the filtration system and discharged.
  • the catalyst is calcined at a high temperature and restored to a state with catalytic ability, and then is transported and recycled through the first conveyor chain 3 again.
  • the filtering system above is a filtering method commonly used in the field, and will not be described in detail in this application.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种废料处理循环设备（100），包括：煅烧炉（1），煅烧炉（1）用于煅烧，且煅烧炉（1）用于将催化剂进行高温还原；反应釜（2），反应釜（2）用于供废料在催化剂作用下进行反应，反应釜（2）具有出气口（21）和出料口（22）；第一输送链（3），第一输送链（3）分别与煅烧炉（1）和反应釜（2）相连，第一输送链（3）用于将煅烧炉（1）内还原的催化剂输送至反应釜（2）；第二输送链（4），第二输送链（4）分别与煅烧炉（1）和出料口（22）相连，第二输送链（4）用于将反应釜（2）的固体产物输送至煅烧炉（1），以供煅烧炉（1）将固体产物中的催化剂进行高温还原；冷热交换器（5），冷热交换器（5）与出气口（21）相连，冷热交换器（5）用于将反应釜（2）的气体产物进行冷却液化。

Description

废料处理循环设备
相关申请
本申请要求2021年01月29日提交的专利申请号为202120270597.7、发明名称为“废料处理循环设备”的中国实用新型专利的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及废塑料处理技术领域，尤其是涉及一种废料处理循环设备。
背景技术
相关技术中，废塑料垃圾本身很难在土壤中自我分解，目前处理废塑料使用的手段局限在焚烧、填埋、降解及再生利用，但这几种方法对空气水源都有或多或少的污染，且经济效益不高。现有的废塑料处理设备，对于排出的气体产物的处理不到位，容易造成环境污染，将催化剂直接排出，不仅造成资源浪费，提高成本，还造成严重的环境污染。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种废料处理循环设备，对于排出气体的处理彻底，避免对环境造成污染，通过对催化剂循环利用，解决了反应后催化剂难以回收的问题，降低成本，避免对环境造成污染。
根据本发明实施例的一种废料处理循环设备，包括：煅烧炉，所述煅烧炉用于煅烧，且所述煅烧炉用于将催化剂进行高温还原；反应釜，所述反应釜用于供废料在所述催化剂作用下进行反应，所述反应釜具有出气口和出料口；第一输送链，所述第一输送链分别与所述煅烧炉和所述反应釜相连，所述第一输送链用于将所述煅烧炉内还原的所述催化剂输送至所述反应釜；第二输送链，所述第二输送链分别与所述煅烧炉和所述出料口相连，所述第二输送链用于将所述反应釜的固体产物输送至所述煅烧炉，以供所述煅烧炉将所述固体产物中的所述催化剂进行高温还原；冷热交换器，所述冷热交换器与所述出气口相连，所述冷热交换器用于将所述反应釜的气体产物进行冷却液化；中间罐，所 述中间罐与所述冷热交换器相连，所述中间罐用于储存所述气体产物中的液化物；尾气回收管，所述尾气回收管与所述中间罐和所述煅烧炉相连，所述尾气回收管用于将所述气体产物中未液化的残留气体输送至所述煅烧炉以助燃。
根据本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备，通过煅烧炉、第一输送链、反应釜和第二输送链形成一个循环通路，可以实现催化剂的循环使用，便于节省原料，降低成本。通过设置尾气回收管，可以有效的使无法被冷热交换器降温液化的残留气体流动到煅烧炉内，既可以作为煅烧炉的煅烧的原料，为煅烧炉内部的燃烧起到助燃效应，降低了加热煅烧炉的能源成本，还可以有效的将残留气体内的有毒物质分解，提升最终排放到空气中的气体的环保性，有效避免了环境污染，提升了安全性。
另外，根据本发明的废料处理循环设备，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述第二输送链包括：密封输送笼，所述密封输送笼的一端与所述出料口相连，所述密封输送笼用于将接收的所述固体产物向另一端输送；加强密封输送笼，所述加强密封输送笼与所述密封输送笼的另一端相连，所述加强密封输送笼用于将所述固体产物向所述煅烧炉输送，所述加强密封输送笼还用于阻断外界氧气从所述煅烧炉或所述提升机进入并向所述反应釜流动。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述第二输送链还包括：提升机，所述提升机与所述加强密封输送笼相连，所述提升机用于将所述固体产物输送并投进所述煅烧炉的顶部进口。
在本发明的一些实施例中，废料处理循环设备，还包括：制料机，所述制料机用于按设定条件制备所述废料；挤料管，所述挤料管分别与所述制料机和所述反应釜相连，所述挤料管用于将符合所述设定条件的所述废料输进所述反应釜。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述反应釜内设有反应输送件，所述第一输送链、所述挤料管与所述反应釜的连接口均临近所述反应输送件的一端，所述出气口位于所述反应输送件的中间，所述出料口临近所述反应输送件的另一端，所述反应输送件用于在输送时将所述废料与所述催化剂进行混合。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述出料口位于所述反应釜的底壁上，所述出气口位于所述反应釜的顶壁上。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述煅烧炉的下部为漏斗状，所述第一输送链与所述煅烧炉的底部漏斗口相连。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备的立体结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备的主视图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面参考图1-图3描述根据本发明实施例的一种废料处理循环设备100。
根据本发明实施例的一种废料处理循环设备100，如图1-图3所示，包括：煅烧炉1、反应釜2、第一输送链3、第二输送链4、冷热交换器5、中间罐6和尾气回收管7。
如图1-图3所示，煅烧炉1用于煅烧，且煅烧炉1用于将催化剂进行高温还原。通 过煅烧炉1可以将催化剂进行高温煅烧后，提升催化剂的温度，便于后续使用催化剂进行反应，并且催化剂在使用后会丧失催化能力，因此，通过煅烧炉1对催化剂高温煅烧后，可以使催化剂还原为具有催化能力的状态，便于催化剂的重复循环利用。
反应釜2用于供废料在催化剂作用下进行反应，反应釜2具有出气口21和出料口22，即经过煅烧炉1煅烧的催化剂可以进入到反应釜2内部，在反应釜2内与废料进行反应，从而实现将废料进行处理后变为混合油，便于再次利用。如图1所示，反应釜2的出气口21可以便于催化剂与废料反应后产生的气体产物通过，从而使气体产物排出反应釜2外。反应釜2的出料口22可以使催化剂与废料反应产生的固体产物排出，便于固体产物的收集。
在本发明的一个实施例中，出料口22可以设于反应釜2上远离煅烧炉1的一端，并且出料口22设于反应釜2的外周面的偏下位置，由此可以使反应后产生的固体产物在运动到出料口22的位置后，通过重力的作用自动由出料口22排出，防止固体产物在排出时堵塞出料口22。
如图1-图3所示，第一输送链3分别与煅烧炉1和反应釜2相连，第一输送链3用于将煅烧炉1内还原的催化剂输送至反应釜2。第二输送链4分别与煅烧炉1和出料口22相连，第二输送链4用于将反应釜2的固体产物输送至煅烧炉1，以供煅烧炉1将固体产物中的催化剂进行高温还原。
具体的，通过第一输送链3的设置可以使煅烧炉1与反应釜2之间连通，形成由煅烧炉1向反应釜2内输送催化剂的通道。通过第二输送链4的设置可以使反应釜2的出料口22与煅烧炉1连通，形成由反应釜2向煅烧炉1输送催化剂的通道。即，使反应釜2内的催化剂通过由出料口22排出后，随着固体产物一同由第二输送链4输送到煅烧炉1内，可以使催化剂在煅烧炉1内经过高温煅烧后还原为具有催化作用的状态，由此形成一个可以供催化剂循环流动的通路，可以实现催化剂的循环使用。
如图1-图3所示，冷热交换器5与出气口21相连，冷热交换器5用于将反应釜2的气体产物进行冷却液化。中间罐6与冷热交换器5相连，中间罐6用于储存气体产物液中的液化物。
具体的，催化剂与废料在反应釜2内反应后，可以使废料产生气体产物和固体产物，其中产生的气体产物可以通过出气口21排出至冷热交换器5内，通过冷热交换器5的作用使气体产物液化，即，使气体产物中的部分物质降温后发生液化，并通过与冷热交换器5连通的中间罐6储存，便于对液化物的收集，具体而言，中间罐6所存储的为气 体产物液化后生成的液化物。
在本发明的一个实施例中，液化物可以如前文所说为混合油，废料也可以为废弃塑料，通过将废弃塑料与催化剂进行反应，进一步通过降温液化，可以产生混合油。
如图1-图3所示，尾气回收管7与中间罐6和煅烧炉1相连，尾气回收管7用于将气体产物中未液化的残留气体输送至煅烧炉1以助燃。即在中间罐6与煅烧炉1之间通过尾气回收管7连通，使中间罐6与煅烧炉1之间形成气体流通的通道，经由出气口21排出的气体产物经过冷热交换器5降温液化后，部分气体产物会形成液化物存放在中间罐6中，气体产物中部分无法降温液化的残留气体会通过尾气回收管7进入煅烧炉1内，可以为煅烧炉1的内部燃烧起到助燃的作用，节约加热煅烧炉1所要消耗的能源。
还可以通过煅烧炉1的高温煅烧后，使残留气体内的有毒物质分解，由此将经过煅烧后的残留气体排放，可以有效的避免环境污染，进而提升了本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100的最终排放的物质的环保性，有效的避免了环境污染，具有更高的安全性。
根据本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100，通过煅烧炉1、第一输送链3、反应釜2和第二输送链4形成一个循环通路，可以实现催化剂的循环使用，便于节省原料，降低成本。通过设置尾气回收管7，可以有效的使无法被冷热交换器5降温液化的残留气体流动到煅烧炉1内，既可以作为煅烧炉1的煅烧的原料，为煅烧炉1内部的燃烧起到助燃效应，降低了加热煅烧炉1的能源成本，还可以有效的将残留气体内的有毒物质分解，提升最终排放到空气中的气体的环保性，有效避免了环境污染，提升了安全性。
进一步的，如图1-图3所示，第二输送链4包括：密封输送笼41和加强密封输送笼42，密封输送笼41的一端与出料口22相连，密封输送笼41用于将接收的固体产物向另一端输送。加强密封输送笼42与密封输送笼41的另一端相连，加强密封输送笼42用于将固体产物向煅烧炉1输送，加强密封输送笼42还用于阻断外界氧气从煅烧炉1或提升机43进入并向反应釜2流动。
具体的，密封输送笼41的两端分别与加强密封输送笼42和出料口22连通。加强密封输送笼42的一端与密封输送笼41连通后，另一端与煅烧炉1连通，由此可以形成一个通路，可以实现经过反应釜2反应后产生的固体产物的流动，使固体产物可以经过密封输送笼41后进入加强密封输送笼42，最后将固体产物输送到煅烧炉1内煅烧。并且加强密封输送笼42与密封输送笼41配合，起到二次密封的作用。
换言之，反应釜2内是有反应后的气体产物的，若气体产物与氧气混合会发生爆燃从而出现危险，因此在本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备中的反应釜2始终是处于无氧 状态的。
反应釜2的两端分别为第一端23和第二端24，在第一端23处与第一输送链3通过下料口31连接，第二端24与密封输送笼41之间通过出料口22连接。在催化剂经过输送运动到下料口31和出料口22处时，可以通过催化剂的流动在下料口31和出料口22处形成密封，防止氧气流入反应釜2。
需要注意的是，在运行过程中，密封输送笼41的出料口22处会出现亏料现象从而导致催化剂所形成的密封不严，通过煅烧炉1进入的氧气会通过密封不严处流入反应釜2中与气体产物混合，从而导致爆燃风险提升。
因此，通过设置加强密封输送笼42可以增加一道密封结构，从而消除了密封不严的隐患。
在本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100中，如图2所示的上下方向上，加强密封输送笼42的高度低于密封输送笼41的高度，即加强密封输送笼42与密封输送笼41具有一定的高度差，从而使密封输送笼41与加强密封输送笼42之间并非是同一水平高度上的直通通路。因此经过出料口22排出的气体产物无法直接流动到煅烧炉1内，使加强密封输送笼42对气体产物进行一定的隔断。
换言之，通过设置加强密封输送笼42，可以对反应釜2内产生的气体产物在由出料口22进入密封输送笼41中时，在进一步向提升机43流动时，通过设置的加强密封输送笼42可以将气体产物向提升机43的运动进行隔断。从而有效的避免了气体产物直接与提升机43内氧气接触形成爆燃，造成危险。
更进一步的，如图1-图3所示，第二输送链4还包括：提升机43，提升机43与加强密封输送笼42相连，提升机43用于将固体产物输送并投进煅烧炉1的顶部进口。通过提升机43可以将经过加强密封输送笼42的固体产物输送到煅烧炉1内。
在本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100中，如图2所示的上下方向上，加强密封输送笼42的高度也可以同时低于提升机43和密封输送笼41的高度，即加强密封输送笼42与提升机43和密封输送笼41同时具有一定的高度差，从而使密封输送笼41与提升机43之间并非是同一水平高度上的直通通路。
需要说明的是，在反应釜2内催化剂与废料反应后会产生固体产物和气体产物，如前文所说，固体产物会经过出料口22排出，气体产物会经过出气口21排出。可以理解的是，部分气体产物会通过出料口22进入密封输送笼41，如果该部分气体产物随着固体产物通过密封输送笼41直接输送到提升机43内，气体产物直接与提升机43内的氧 气接触，会产生爆燃反应，会增加废料处理循环设备100的使用风险。
而设置加强密封输送笼42后，可以有效的将进入密封输送笼41的气体产物在向提升机43流动时，通过加强密封输送笼42与提升机43和密封输送笼41之间形成的高度差，将气体产物的流动隔断，另外，如前文所说，通过增加加强密封输送笼42也增加了一段密封，有效地阻止了通过煅烧炉1或提升机43进入的氧气流入反应釜2与气体产物连通发生爆燃，大大提高了设备运转过程中的安全系数。
换言之，如前文，反应釜2内是有反应后的气体产物的，若气体产物与氧气混合会发生爆燃从而出现危险，因此在本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备中的反应釜2始终是处于无氧状态的。
通过设置加强密封输送笼42可以在密封输送笼41与提升机43之间增加一道密封结构，即通过催化剂将提升机43与加强密封输送笼42之间的连接口处密封，相应的，催化剂将加强密封输送笼42与密封输送笼41之间的连接口也形成密封，从而消除了密封不严的隐患。
如图1-图3所示，本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100还包括：制料机8和挤料管9，制料机8用于按设定条件制备废料。挤料管9分别与制料机8和反应釜2相连，挤料管9用于将符合设定条件的废料输进反应釜2。
具体的，制料机8可以将原材料通过加温形成融溶状态的废料，以使废料更容易与催化剂在反应釜2内进行接触反应，提升反应的速率。例如，可以通过制料机8将原料经加温处理使其变为溶融状态，并通过挤料管9将形成的废料挤入到反应釜2内，便于废料的输送，并且熔融状态的废料便于与催化剂反应。
在本发明的实施例中，反应釜2内设有反应输送件，第一输送链3、挤料管9与反应釜2的连接口均临近反应输送件的一端，出气口21位于反应输送件的中间，出料口22临近反应输送件的另一端，反应输送件用于在输送时将废料与催化剂进行混合。
具体的，出气口21设于反应釜2的中部位置，并且处于反应釜2的周壁的上方位置，由此可以便于气体产物由出气口21排出，并且也有效的防止固体产物在运动时堵塞出气口21。在反应釜2内设有反应输送件可以对反应釜2内的催化剂和废料进行混合加工，提升反应速率。其中，反应输送件可以将反应釜2内的催化剂、废料和固体产物由一端输送到另一端。
需要说明的是，第一输送链3与反应釜2连接的连接口，如图1-图2所示，为下料口31，通过下料口31使第一输送链3和反应釜2之间连通。
在上述实施例中，为了便于描述，如图2所示，将反应釜2的靠近煅烧炉1的一端命名为第一端23，将反应釜2远离煅烧炉1的一端命名为第二端24。反应釜2的第一端23与第一输送链3连接，并且挤料管9也与反应釜2上靠近第一端23的位置连接。出气口21与出料口22均设于靠近反应釜2的第二端24的位置，由此可以理解的是，反应输送件可以将催化剂、废料和固体产物由第一端23向第二端24输送。
本发明并不限于此，在本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100中，第一输送链3、反应釜2、密封输送笼41和加强密封输送笼42中均可以设有输送机构，通过输送机构可以实现对催化剂和废料的输送，实现废料处理循环设备100的整体的自动化运行。
可选的，上文所说的输送机构可以为螺旋输送泵，也可以为螺旋输送轴或类似结构，此处并不做限定，由此可以实现对催化剂和废料的输送，实现废料处理循环设备100的整体的自动化运行。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1-图3所示，出料口22位于反应釜2的底壁上，由此可以在固体产物运动到出料口22的位置时，通过重力的作用使固体产物自动由出料口22排出。出气口21位于反应釜2的顶壁上，将出气口21设于反应釜2的顶壁，可以避免固体产物由出气口21排出，或固体产物堵塞出气口21。
如图1所示，煅烧炉1的下部为漏斗状，第一输送链3与煅烧炉1的底部漏斗口相连。将煅烧炉1的下部设为漏斗状，可以防止煅烧炉1内的催化剂残留在煅烧炉1的内壁，并且将煅烧炉1的下部设为漏斗状可以有效的保证催化剂自动由煅烧炉1输送到第一输送链3。
此外，对于本发明实施例的废料处理循环设备100，制料机8将制作后的废料输送到反应釜2内部，废料与催化剂在反应釜2内部进行反应会产生气体产物和固体产物，其中固体产物与催化剂混合掺杂，随着输送由反应釜2输送到出料口22，进而运动到密封输送笼41内，进一步的输送到加强密封输送笼42内，最后经提升机43输送到煅烧炉1内煅烧。在煅烧炉内，固体产物会经过高温煅烧后形成少量残渣，最终可以由过滤系统过滤后排放。而催化剂如前文所说，经过高温煅烧后恢复具有催化能力的状态后重新经过第一输送链3输送循环利用。
对于上文中的过滤系统，是本领域中常用的过滤方式，在本申请中不进行赘述。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中， 对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，包括：
    煅烧炉，所述煅烧炉用于煅烧，且所述煅烧炉用于将催化剂进行高温还原；
    反应釜，所述反应釜用于供废料在所述催化剂作用下进行反应，所述反应釜具有出气口和出料口；
    第一输送链，所述第一输送链分别与所述煅烧炉和所述反应釜相连，所述第一输送链用于将所述煅烧炉内还原的所述催化剂输送至所述反应釜；
    第二输送链，所述第二输送链分别与所述煅烧炉和所述出料口相连，所述第二输送链用于将所述反应釜的固体产物输送至所述煅烧炉，以供所述煅烧炉将所述固体产物中的所述催化剂进行高温还原；
    冷热交换器，所述冷热交换器与所述出气口相连，所述冷热交换器用于将所述反应釜的气体产物进行冷却液化；
    中间罐，所述中间罐与所述冷热交换器相连，所述中间罐用于储存所述气体产物中的液化物；
    尾气回收管，所述尾气回收管与所述中间罐和所述煅烧炉相连，所述尾气回收管用于将所述气体产物中未液化的残留气体输送至所述煅烧炉以助燃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述第二输送链包括：
    密封输送笼，所述密封输送笼的一端与所述出料口相连，所述密封输送笼用于将接收的所述固体产物向另一端输送；
    加强密封输送笼，所述加强密封输送笼与所述密封输送笼的另一端相连，所述加强密封输送笼用于将所述固体产物向所述煅烧炉输送，所述加强密封输送笼还用于阻断外界氧气进入并向所述反应釜流动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述第二输送链还包括：
    提升机，所述提升机与所述加强密封输送笼相连，所述提升机用于将所述固体产物输送并投进所述煅烧炉的顶部进口。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述加强密封输送笼与所述密封输送笼具有高度差。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述加强密封输送笼与所述密封输送笼具有高度差，所述加强密封输送笼与所述提升机具有高度差。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    制料机，所述制料机用于按设定条件制备所述废料；
    挤料管，所述挤料管分别与所述制料机和所述反应釜相连，所述挤料管用于将符合所述设定条件的所述废料输进所述反应釜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述反应釜内设有反应输送件，所述第一输送链、所述挤料管与所述反应釜的连接口均临近所述反应输送件的一端，所述出气口位于所述反应输送件的中间，所述出料口临近所述反应输送件的另一端，所述反应输送件用于在输送时将所述废料与所述催化剂进行混合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述出料口位于所述反应釜的底壁上，所述出气口位于所述反应釜的顶壁上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的废料处理循环设备，其特征在于，所述煅烧炉的下部为漏斗状，所述第一输送链与所述煅烧炉的底部漏斗口相连。
PCT/CN2022/070243 2021-01-29 2022-01-05 废料处理循环设备 WO2022161121A1 (zh)

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