WO2022160268A1 - 一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置 - Google Patents

一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160268A1
WO2022160268A1 PCT/CN2021/074455 CN2021074455W WO2022160268A1 WO 2022160268 A1 WO2022160268 A1 WO 2022160268A1 CN 2021074455 W CN2021074455 W CN 2021074455W WO 2022160268 A1 WO2022160268 A1 WO 2022160268A1
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Prior art keywords
packet
network element
transport layer
layer protocol
message
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PCT/CN2021/074455
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈泽昊
李永翠
潘奇
倪慧
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074455 priority Critical patent/WO2022160268A1/zh
Priority to CN202180051260.XA priority patent/CN115918251A/zh
Publication of WO2022160268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160268A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/06Transport layer protocols, e.g. TCP [Transport Control Protocol] over wireless

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a packet processing method and related apparatus.
  • a terminal device can process a corresponding data stream and the like only after obtaining a data packet containing a data stream and decoding the data packet.
  • the sending end of the data stream (for example, the server side) encodes the data stream by using a certain encoding technology, and the terminal device uses a corresponding decoding technology to decode the data packet.
  • a common technology is the encoding and decoding technology based on I/B/P frames. This technology defines a group of pictures (GOP) as a set of several consecutive frames, and is divided into I frames, P frames and B frames. are defined as:
  • I-frame Intra-coded frame, usually the first frame of each GOP, moderately compressed and used as a reference point for random access, which can be used as an image.
  • I frame can be regarded as a compressed product of an image.
  • P frame A forward predictive coded frame, a coded image that compresses the amount of transmitted data by fully compressing the temporal redundancy information lower than the previous coded frame in the image sequence, also called a predictive frame.
  • B frame Bidirectional predictive interpolation coded frame, which considers both the coded frame before the source image sequence and the temporal redundancy information between the coded frames after the source image sequence to compress the coded image of the transmission data volume, also called bidirectional prediction frame.
  • the decoder based on the encoding technology identifies the message header information in the data message, so as to realize the identification of the I/B/P frame.
  • a possible specific implementation method is that the decoder identifies by the message header information, considering that in the encoding based on I/B/P frames, each frame has a fixed beginning (4 bytes), and the following 2 bits indicate the frame's Type: 00 indicates I frame, 01 designates P frame, 10 designates B frame, the decoder can identify the frame type accordingly.
  • an I frame can be decoded independently, a B frame needs to refer to the previous I frame, or the previous P frame and its subsequent P frame, and the P frame needs to refer to the previous I frame or B frame to be able to decode. is decoded. If the transmission of the I frame fails, the decoding of the B frame and the P frame of the GOP where the I frame is located will also be affected and cannot be decoded normally, which may lead to distortion of a large segment of the data stream, which has a great impact; if a B frame occurs Or P frame loss, generally only affects the current B frame or P frame, or individual frames in the GOP where it is located, and has little impact on the overall playback of the data stream. Therefore, the transmission of data packets of different frame types has different requirements for transmission reliability.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a packet processing method and a related device, which can process data packets by utilizing the differentiation of the transport layer, and realize the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a packet processing method.
  • the packet processing method may include: establishing a first transport layer protocol between a terminal device and a first network element, and establishing a communication between a terminal device and a second network element Establish a second transport layer protocol, the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol, the first network element and the second network element are the same or different;
  • the application network element sends a data stream request to obtain a corresponding data stream;
  • the terminal device receives a first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receives a second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol message, wherein the first message is a key message in the data stream, and the second message is a non-critical message in the data stream;
  • the terminal device decodes the first message and the second message.
  • the above-mentioned first packet is a key packet in the data stream, and in the data stream, the key packet is a data packet that can be independently decoded, for example: based on I/B/P frames I frame in coding technology, basic layer in layered coding technology, etc.; it can also be understood as a data packet that requires high transmission reliability although it cannot be decoded independently in some cases, such as based on I/B B/P frame in /P frame coding technology, etc.
  • the above-mentioned second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream. It can be understood that in the same data stream as the first packet, it needs to rely on the key packet in the same data stream to decode the data packet.
  • the terminal device receives the first packet (critical packet) sent through the reliable transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet (non-critical packet) sent through the unreliable transport layer protocol, and The first packet and the second packet are decoded to obtain corresponding data flow information, so that the differential processing of the data packets at the transport layer can be used, and the differential requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets are realized.
  • the method further includes: the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier, and the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier.
  • the first decoding unit identifier can identify the decoding unit where the first packet is located, and the second decoding unit can identify the decoding unit where the second packet is located.
  • the described decoding unit can be understood as: the decoding unit is the smallest unit of interdependence between internal data packets, and the data packets between different decoding units are independent of each other during decoding.
  • the above-mentioned first decoding unit identifier and second decoding unit identifier may be the same or different.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, it indicates that the first packet and the second packet are from the same decoding unit in the same data stream.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit, it indicates that the first packet and the second packet are from different decoding units in the same data stream.
  • decoding the first packet and the second packet by the terminal device may include: determining, by the terminal device, a first moment at which the first packet is received, and receiving the second time of the second packet; the terminal device decodes the first time according to the first time, the second time, the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier message and the second message.
  • the above-mentioned first moment is understood as the moment when the first packet arrives at the terminal device, and the second moment is the moment when the second packet arrives at the terminal device.
  • the first decoding unit identifier can identify the decoding unit where the first message is located, and the second decoding unit can identify the decoding unit where the second message is located; and for the same decoding unit, the The decoding of the second packet may depend on the decoding of the first packet. Therefore, the terminal device also needs to determine the first moment when the first packet is received and the second moment when the second packet is received, and then combine the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier to decode the first moment. The first packet and the second packet ensure that decoding errors will not occur in the subsequent process of decoding the second packet.
  • the terminal device decodes the first packet according to the first time, the second time, the first decoding unit identifier, and the second decoding unit identifier. and the second message, may include: when the first decoding unit identifier is the same as the second decoding unit identifier, when the first time is later than the second time, the terminal device buffers the the second packet, and after receiving the first packet, decode the first packet and the second packet.
  • the way that the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet based on the first moment, the second moment, the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier may specifically include four situations: the first decoding unit The identifier is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first time is later than the second time; the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first time is earlier than the second time; the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as that of the second decoding unit The identifiers are different, and the first time is later than the second time; the identifier of the first decoding unit is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first time is earlier than the second time.
  • the terminal device should first buffer the second packet until it receives the first message sent through the first transport layer protocol. After a message is sent, the first message is decoded, and the buffered second message is decoded, so as to avoid the situation of wrong decoding of the second message during decoding.
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, which may include: The terminal device receives the first packet sent by the first network element based on the first transport layer protocol; the terminal device receives the second packet sent by the second network element based on the second transport layer protocol message.
  • the described first network element may be an application network element or a user plane function network element; the second network element may be an application network element or a user plane function network element, which is not limited here. .
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, the following four cases may be included: the terminal device receives the application network element through the first transmission layer.
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the user plane function network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives The second packet sent by the user plane function network element through the second transport layer protocol; the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the user plane function network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the application network element through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the second packet sent; the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the application network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the user plane function network element through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another packet processing method, and the packet processing method may include: applying a network element to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream;
  • the application network element determines a corresponding data flow based on the data flow request;
  • the application network element sends a first packet to the terminal device through a first transport layer protocol, and sends a first packet to the terminal device through a second transport layer protocol
  • the device sends a second packet, where the first packet is a key packet in the data stream, the second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream, and the first transport layer
  • the reliability of the protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides another packet processing method, and the packet processing method may include: applying a network element to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream; The application network element determines a corresponding data flow based on the data flow request; the application network element sends a first packet and a second packet, wherein the first packet is a key packet in the data flow message, the second message is a non-critical message in the data stream, the first message includes a first decoding unit identifier, and the second message includes a second decoding unit identifier.
  • the method may further include: the application network element sends a differentiated transmission request to the policy control network element, where the differentiated transmission request is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission. need.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another method for processing a packet
  • the method for processing a packet may include: a user plane function network element receives an application network element through a first transport layer protocol or a second transport layer protocol.
  • the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol;
  • the user plane function network element identifies the type of the data packet, the type of the data packet is a first packet or a second packet, the first packet is a critical packet, and the second packet is a non-critical packet;
  • the user plane function network element sends the The terminal device sends the first packet, and/or sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the user plane functional network element After receiving the data packet sent by the application network element and identifying the data packet, the user plane functional network element sends the first packet (key packet) to the terminal device through a reliable transport layer protocol , and send the second packet (non-critical packet) to the terminal device through an unreliable transport layer protocol, so as to realize the differentiated requirements of different data packets on transmission reliability.
  • the method may further include: the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier, and the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier.
  • the method may further include: the user plane function network element receiving second information sent by the session management network element, where the second information is used to indicate the user plane function network element determining the type of the data packet, and instructing the user plane functional network element to send the first packet through the first transport layer protocol, and/or to send the second packet through the second transport layer protocol message.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another method for processing a packet
  • the method for processing a packet may include: the session management network element receives first information of the policy control network element, where the first information is used for Indicates that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements; the session management network element sends second information to the user plane function network element, where the second information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, and the The type of the data message is a first message or a second message, the first message is a key message, the second message is a non-critical message, and the user plane function network element is instructed to pass the first message.
  • a transport layer protocol sends the first packet, and/or sends the second packet through a second transport layer protocol, and the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • the method may further include: the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier, and the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, and the terminal device may include: a first processing unit configured to establish a first transport layer protocol between the terminal device and a first network element, and communicate with a second A second transport layer protocol is established between network elements, the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol, and the first network element and the second network element are the same or different; a sending unit, configured to send a data stream request to an application network element to obtain a corresponding data stream; a first receiving unit, configured to receive the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receive the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol The second packet sent by the second transport layer protocol, wherein the first packet is a key packet in the data stream, and the second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream; the The first processing unit is configured to decode the first packet and the second packet.
  • the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier
  • the first processing unit is configured to:
  • the first packet and the second packet are decoded according to the first moment, the second moment, the identifier of the first decoding unit, and the identifier of the second decoding unit.
  • the first processing unit is configured to: when the first decoding unit identifier is the same as the second decoding unit identifier, the first time is later than the first decoding unit identifier. At the second time, the second packet is buffered, and after the first packet is received, the first packet and the second packet are decoded.
  • the first receiving unit is configured to:
  • the second packet sent by the second network element is received based on the second transport layer protocol.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an application network element.
  • the application network element may include: a second receiving unit, configured to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream; a processing unit, configured to determine a corresponding data stream according to the data stream request; a third sending unit, configured to send the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol, and send the first packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol
  • the terminal device sends a second packet, wherein the first packet is a key packet in the data stream, the second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream, and the first packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream.
  • the reliability of the transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another application network element, and the application network element may include: a third receiving unit, configured to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream; three processing units, configured to determine a corresponding data stream according to the data stream request; a third sending unit, configured to send a first packet and a second packet, wherein the first packet is one of the data streams in the data stream The second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream, the first packet includes the identifier of the first decoding unit, and the second packet includes the identifier of the second decoding unit.
  • the third sending unit is further configured to:
  • a differentiated transmission request is sent to the policy control network element, where the differentiated transmission request is used to indicate that the data stream has a differentiated transmission requirement.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a user plane function network element
  • the user plane function network element may include: a fourth receiving unit, configured to receive an application network through a first transport layer protocol or a second transport layer protocol The reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol; the fourth processing unit is used to identify the type of the data packet, the type of the data packet is a first message or a second message, the first message is a key message, and the second message is a non-critical message; the fourth sending unit is configured to send the message to the The terminal device sends the first packet, and/or sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier
  • the fourth receiving unit is further configured to: receive first information sent by a session management network element, where the first information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the The type of the data packet, and instructing the user plane function network element to send the first packet through the first transport layer protocol, and/or to send the second packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a session management network element, where the session management network element may include: a fifth receiving unit configured to receive second information of the policy control network element, where the second information is used to indicate The data stream has differentiated transmission requirements; the fifth sending unit is configured to send first information to the user plane function network element, where the first information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, The type of the data message is a first message or a second message, the first message is a key message, the second message is a non-critical message, and the user plane function network element is indicated The first packet is sent through a first transport layer protocol, and/or the second packet is sent through a second transport layer protocol, and the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol .
  • the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which may include: a memory for storing computer-readable instructions. It may also include a processor coupled with the memory for executing computer readable instructions in the memory to perform the method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an application network element, which may include: a memory for storing computer-readable instructions. It may further comprise a processor coupled to the memory for executing computer readable instructions in the memory to perform the method as described in the second aspect, the third aspect or any of the possible embodiments of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a user plane functional network element, which may include: a memory for storing computer-readable instructions. It may also include a processor coupled with the memory for executing computer-readable instructions in the memory to perform the method described in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a session management network element, which may include: a memory for storing computer-readable instructions. It may also include a processor coupled with the memory for executing computer-readable instructions in the memory to perform the method described in the fifth aspect and any possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect.
  • a fifteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which, when the instructions are executed on a computer device, causes the computer device to perform the method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect .
  • a sixteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • a seventeenth aspect of the present application provides a chip system, where the chip system may include a processor for supporting a terminal device or a server to implement the method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect. functions involved.
  • the chip system may further include a memory, which is used to store necessary program instructions and data of the terminal device.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the chip system may include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), or other programmable logic devices.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the chip system may further include interface circuits and the like.
  • the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:
  • the terminal device receives a first packet sent through a reliable transport layer protocol, receives a second packet sent through an unreliable transport layer protocol, and decodes the first packet and the second packet. Two packets to obtain the corresponding data flow information, so that the differential processing of the data packets at the transport layer can be used, and the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets are realized.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a decoding
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for processing a message according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a packet processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an application network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another application network element provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a user plane functional network element according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a session management network element according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a packet processing method and a related device, which can process data packets by utilizing the differentiation of the transport layer, and realize the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • a terminal device needs to acquire a data packet containing the data stream and decode the data packet before it can play the corresponding data stream.
  • the terminal device usually identifies the packet header information in the data packet by a decoder based on the I/B/P coding technology, so as to realize the decoding of the I/B/P frame. identify.
  • I-frames in the same GOP can be decoded independently, and B-frames and P-frames need to depend on I-frames to be decoded.
  • the terminal device fails to transmit an I frame during the decoding process, the decoding of the B frame and P frame of the GOP where the I frame is located will also be affected and cannot be decoded normally, resulting in distortion of a large segment of the data stream, which has a great impact. . Therefore, a reliable transport layer protocol (such as TCP) is generally used to transmit I frames; if a B frame or P frame is lost, generally only the current B frame or P frame, or individual frames in the GOP where it is located will be affected. The overall playback of the data stream has less impact. Therefore, an unreliable transport layer protocol (eg, UDP) is generally used to transmit B frames or P frames.
  • TCP transport layer protocol
  • UDP unreliable transport layer protocol
  • the GOP is a unit with a length of 15 frames. From its decoding sequence, it can be seen that the decoding of B frames and P frames depends on the I frame, and the I frame needs to appear in the first position of the GOP , to ensure that no B or P frames are lost in subsequent decoding.
  • the coding technology mentioned in the present invention only takes advanced video coding (MPEG-4, Part 10, advanced video coding, MPEG-4 AVC) as an example.
  • the coding technology may also be scalable video coding (MPEG-4SVC), VP8/VP9, and the like.
  • MPEG-4SVC uses enhancement layer and base layer to encode and decode data packets.
  • RTSP real time streaming protocol
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • UDP Unreliable User Datagram Protocol
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a packet processing method, which aims to transmit different types of data packets through at least two different transport layer protocols in the same data stream. In order to meet the different requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets of the same data flow.
  • packet processing method provided in this application can be applied to 4G networks, 5G networks, or other 6G networks, communication systems, etc. that will appear in the future. network structure.
  • Networks such as the 4th generation (4G) and the 5th generation (5G) can be called mobile networks.
  • mobile networks can include radio access network (RAN) and In the core network (core network, CN), the RAN can be connected to the CN.
  • the RAN is responsible for user access, and the CN is responsible for service processing.
  • the RAN includes but is not limited to the base station.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system architecture is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the 5G network.
  • the system architecture not only supports the wireless technology defined by the 3GPP standard group to access the core network side, but also supports the non-3GPP access technology through the non-3GPP conversion function. (non-3GPP interworking function, N3IWF) or next generation packet data gateway (ngPDG) or fixed network access gateway or trusted non-3GPP access gateway access to the core network side.
  • N3IWF non-3GPP interworking function
  • ngPDG next generation packet data gateway
  • fixed network access gateway or trusted non-3GPP access gateway access to the core network side.
  • User equipment user equipment, UE
  • (radio) access network ((radio) access network, (R)AN)
  • user plane function user plane function, UPF
  • data network data network in Figure 2 , DN
  • UE User equipment
  • UE radio equipment
  • R radio access network
  • UPF user plane function
  • DN data network
  • UE can also be called terminal equipment, which can include: handheld terminal, notebook computer, subscriber unit, cellular phone, smart phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant, PDA) computer, tablet computer, wireless modem (modem), handheld device (handheld), laptop computer (laptop computer), cordless phone (cordless phone) or wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, machine A machine type communication (MTC) terminal or other device that can access the network.
  • terminal equipment can include: handheld terminal, notebook computer, subscriber unit, cellular phone, smart phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant, PDA) computer, tablet computer, wireless modem (modem), handheld device (handheld), laptop computer (laptop computer), cordless phone (cordless phone) or wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, machine A machine type communication (MTC) terminal or other device that can access the network.
  • MTC machine A machine type communication
  • the access network also known as the radio access network (RAN) in specific applications, is composed of access network equipment and is responsible for the access of user equipment.
  • the RAN equipment of the 5G network can be the next generation (NG) RAN equipment, or it can be the evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) equipment, and the 5G network can be connected to the above-mentioned devices at the same time.
  • Two access network devices In this embodiment of the present application, the RAN may be a next generation NodeB (gNB) or a next generation-evolved NodeB (ng-eNB).
  • gNB next generation NodeB
  • ng-eNB next generation-evolved NodeB
  • the gNB provides the user plane function and control plane function of the new radio interface (NR) for the UE
  • the ng-eNB provides the user plane of the evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) for the UE.
  • Function and control plane function it should be noted that gNB and ng-eNB are only a name, which is used to indicate the base station supporting the 5G network system, and has no limiting significance.
  • a data network can be an operator's external network or a network controlled by the operator, and is used to provide business services to users.
  • the UE can access the DN by accessing the operator's network, and use the services provided by the operator or a third party on the DN.
  • the session management function (SMF) network element is mainly used for user plane network element selection, user plane network element redirection, Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation, bearer establishment and modification
  • the access and mobility management function (AMF) network element is mainly responsible for the signaling processing part, such as access control, mobility management, attachment and detachment, and network element selection and other functions.
  • the user plane function (UPF) network element is mainly used to process data packets, such as forwarding and accounting statistics.
  • the user equipment UE can be connected to the AMF network element through the RAN, the AMF network element is connected to the SMF network element, the unified data management function (unified data management, UDM) and other network elements respectively, and the SMF network element is connected to The UPF network element is connected, and the UPF network element is connected to the DN.
  • the interfaces and connections in the system architecture may include: N1, N2, N3, N4 and N6.
  • N1 is the control plane connection between the UE and the AMF network element, which is used to transmit the control signaling between the user equipment and the core network control plane.
  • N2 is the control plane connection between the RAN and the AMF network elements.
  • N3 is the connection between the RAN and the UPF network element.
  • N4 is the connection between the SMF network element and the UPF network element, and is used to transmit the control signaling between the SMF network element and the UPF network element.
  • N6 is the connection between the UPF network element and the DN.
  • the core network function or entity may also include a policy control function (PCF) network element, which mainly supports the provision of a unified policy framework to control network behavior, provides policy rules to the control layer network function, and is responsible for obtaining policies related to policy decisions. user subscription information.
  • PCF policy control function
  • Application function (AF) network element mainly supports interaction with the 3rd generation partner project (3GPP) core network to provide services, such as influencing data routing decisions, policy control, or providing first-party services to the network side. Some third-party services.
  • the network slice selection function (NSSF) network element is mainly used for network slice selection.
  • AUSF Authentication server function
  • UDM Unified data management
  • the AF and the application server can be co-located, the AF interacts with the control plane of the core network, and the AS interacts with the user plane functional network elements or terminal devices.
  • the information between the AF and the AS is generally considered to be shared.
  • the AF knows a certain data transmission requirement of the UE, and no additional steps are required to inform the AS, that is, the AS is considered to know this requirement.
  • the application network element described in the present invention may specifically refer to AF and/or AS.
  • the interfaces and connections in the system architecture may include: N5, N7, N8, N9, N10, N11, N12, N13, N14, N15, and N22.
  • N5 is the control plane connection between the PCF network element and the AF network element, which is used to transmit the control signaling between the PCF network element and the AF network element
  • N7 is the control plane connection between the SMF network element and the PCF network element.
  • N8 is the control plane connection between the AMF network element and the UDM network element, used to transmit the control signaling between the AMF network element and the UDM network element
  • N10 is the control plane connection between the UDM network element and the SMF network element, which is used to transmit the control signaling between the UDM network element and the SMF network element
  • N11 is the control plane connection between the AMF network element and the SMF network element, It is used to transmit the control signaling between the AMF network element and the SMF network element
  • N12 is the control plane connection between the AMF network element and the AUSF network element
  • N13 is the control plane connection between the AUSF network element and the UDM network element
  • N15 It is the control plane connection between the AMF network element and the PCF network element, and is used to transmit the control signaling between the SMF network element and the UPF network element
  • N22 is the control plane connection between the NSSF network element and the AMF network element.
  • the above describes the system architecture of the 5G network and the system architecture of the 3GPP network in the message transmission system, but it can be understood that some network elements in the 5G network can correspond in function to the network elements in the 4G network.
  • the SMF network element in the network architecture corresponding to Figure 2 may correspond to the packet data network gateway control plane (packet data network gateway-control, PGW-C) or the serving gateway control plane (serving gateway-control, SGW- C) etc.; the UPF network element in the corresponding network architecture of Fig.
  • the PCF network element in the network architecture corresponding to FIG. 2 may correspond to the policy and charging rules function (PCRF) in the 4G network; the AMF in the network architecture corresponding to FIG. 2
  • the network element can correspond to the mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME) in the 4G network; and the NEF network element in the network architecture corresponding to FIG. 2 can also correspond to the service capability exposure function in the 4G network. , SCEF); the DN in the network architecture corresponding to FIG. 2 corresponds to the packet data network (PDN) in the 4G network.
  • the packet processing method provided in this application can not only be applied to the network architecture of the above-mentioned 4G network and 5G network, but also can be applied to the 6G network, communication system, etc. that will appear in the future in practical applications. , which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a packet processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application, as follows:
  • a first transport layer protocol is established between the terminal device and the first network element, and a second transport layer protocol is established between the terminal device and the second network element.
  • the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • the one network element and the second network element are the same or different.
  • the first transport layer protocol is established between the terminal device and the first network element
  • the second transport layer protocol is established between the terminal device and the second network element
  • the first type when the first network element and the second network element are both application network elements, the terminal device and the application network element may establish a first transport layer protocol and a second transport layer protocol.
  • the information exchange process between the terminal device and the application network element will be described in detail in the following FIG. 5 , and details will not be described here.
  • the second type when both the first network element and the second network element are user plane functional network elements, the terminal device may establish a first transport layer protocol and a second transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element.
  • the information exchange process between the terminal device and the user plane functional network element will be described in detail in the subsequent FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the third type when the first network element is a user plane function network element and the second network element is an application network element, the terminal device can establish the first transport layer protocol with the user plane function network element, and establish a connection with the application network element.
  • the second transport layer protocol The information exchange process among the terminal device, the user plane function network element, and the application network element will be described in detail in the following FIG. 7 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the fourth type when the first network element is an application network element and the second network element is a user plane function network element, the terminal device can establish a first transport layer protocol with the user plane function network element and establish a second transmission layer with the user plane function network element. layer protocol.
  • This case is similar to the third case above, with the difference being supplemented in Figure 7.
  • the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol. That is to say, the above-mentioned first transport layer protocol can be understood as a reliable transport layer protocol, that is, the first transport layer protocol can have high reliability, such as: TCP, stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) etc.; the second transport layer protocol can be understood as an unreliable transport layer protocol, such as: UDP, data congestion control protocol (datagram congestion control protocol, DCCP), etc., which are not limited here.
  • the terminal device sends a data flow request to the application network element to obtain a corresponding data flow.
  • the application network element since the application network element stores the corresponding data stream, when the terminal device needs to play the corresponding data based on the data stream, it can send a data stream request to the application network element, so that the application network element can determine the data stream based on the data stream request. After the corresponding data flow, it is fed back to the terminal equipment in the form of data packets.
  • the above-mentioned data stream requests may include but are not limited to corresponding requests for video streams and image streams, which are not limited here.
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, where the first packet is a key packet in the data stream, and the second packet is a key packet in the data stream. Packets are non-critical packets in the data flow.
  • the above-mentioned first packet is a key packet in the data stream, in the data stream, the key packet is a data packet that can be independently decoded, for example: based on I/B/P frames I frame in coding technology, basic layer in layered coding technology, etc.; it can also be understood as a data packet that requires high transmission reliability although it cannot be decoded independently in some cases, such as based on I/B B/P frame in /P frame coding technology, etc. Therefore, after establishing the first transport layer protocol with high reliability, the terminal device can receive the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, thereby ensuring that the first packet can be transmitted in a reliable environment.
  • the above-mentioned second packet is a non-critical packet in the data stream, in the same data stream as the first packet, it needs to rely on the key packets in the same data stream to be decoded
  • Data packets for example: based on B/P frames in I/B/P frame coding technology, enhancement layers in layered coding technology, etc., or, it can also be understood that although it can be decoded independently, it has higher requirements on transmission reliability.
  • Low data packets such as I frame based on I/B/P frame coding technology.
  • the terminal device can receive the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, thereby ensuring that the transmission of the second packet will not occupy the high reliability requirement.
  • the first transmission protocol It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustration. Although each I frame or B/P frame can be defined as a key packet or a non-critical packet in the example, the same packet cannot be used as a key packet and a non-critical packet at the same time. message.
  • the "critical message” and “non-critical message” in the present invention are determined by the reliability requirements of message transmission, rather than the interdependence during decoding.
  • one frame of data may correspond to multiple data packets, and multiple frames of data may also correspond to one data packet, which is not limited here.
  • the terminal device receiving the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol and receiving the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol may correspond to the four situations described in step 301 :
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the application network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the application network element through the second transport layer protocol, as shown in the following Figure 5 for details;
  • the second type the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the user plane function network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the user plane function network element through the second transport layer protocol, see Figure 6 for details. ;
  • the third type the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the user plane function network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the application network element through the second transport layer protocol, as shown in the following Figure 7 for details;
  • the fourth type the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the application network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the user plane function network element through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device receives the first packet sent by the application network element through the first transport layer protocol, and receives the second packet sent by the user plane function network element through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the above-mentioned first packet may include the identifier of the first decoding unit
  • the second packet may include the identifier of the second decoding unit.
  • the first decoding unit identifier can identify the decoding unit where the first message is located
  • the second decoding unit can identify the decoding unit where the second message is located.
  • the described decoding unit can be understood as: the decoding unit is the smallest unit that depends on each other between internal data packets, and the data packets between different decoding units do not depend on each other during decoding.
  • the decoding unit may be a GOP or the like in the I/B/P frame coding technology.
  • the above-mentioned first decoding unit identifier and second decoding unit identifier may be the same or different.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, it indicates that the first packet and the second packet are from the same decoding unit in the same data stream.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit, it indicates that the first packet and the second packet are from different decoding units in the same data stream.
  • the decoding unit identifier can be added to any protocol layer that supports extensions. For example, it can be extended at the application layer, transport layer, IP layer, etc.
  • a possible implementation is that the application network element adds a decoding unit identifier with a length of 16 bits to the RTP extension header, the decoding unit identifier marked first in time sequence is 0x0000, and each decoding unit is incremented by 0x1 thereafter.
  • the present invention does not limit the specific implementation of the decoding unit identification.
  • the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet.
  • the terminal device after receiving the first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol and the second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, the terminal device can send the first packet and the second packet The text is decoded, and then the corresponding data stream information is obtained.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet, it can be understood with reference to the following manner: that is, the terminal device determines the first moment of receiving the first packet and receives the second packet. Then, the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet according to the first moment, the second moment, the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier.
  • the first decoding unit identifier can identify the decoding unit where the first packet is located, and the second decoding unit can identify the decoding unit where the second packet is located.
  • the decoding of the second packet may depend on the decoding of the first packet. Therefore, the terminal device also needs to determine the first moment when the first packet is received and the second moment when the second packet is received, so as to ensure that decoding does not occur in the subsequent process of decoding the second packet wrong situation. It should be noted that the above-mentioned first moment is understood as the moment when the first packet arrives at the terminal device, and the second moment is the moment when the second packet arrives at the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can decode the first packet and the second packet in combination with the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier.
  • the manner in which the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet based on the first moment, the second moment, the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier may specifically include the following four situations:
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first time is later than the second time.
  • the terminal device after receiving the first packet and the second packet, determines that the first packet contains the first decoding unit identifier, and determines that the second packet contains the second Decoding unit identifier. Then, the terminal device compares whether the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier are the same.
  • the terminal device further determines the first moment of the first packet received from the first network element and the second moment of the second packet received from the second network element; and then compares the first moment with the second moment. sooner or later.
  • the terminal device should first buffer the second packet until it receives the first message sent through the first transport layer protocol. After a message is sent, the first message is decoded, and the buffered second message is decoded, so as to avoid the situation of wrong decoding of the second message during decoding.
  • the packets successively received by the terminal device are: packet 1 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the second packet), packet 2 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the first packet), and packet 3 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the second message). Then, after judging that the message 1, the message 2 and the message 3 are located in the same decoding unit A, the terminal device can cache the message 1 first after judging that the time when the message 2 is received is later than the time when the message 1 is received. , and then wait for packet 2 to be received, then decode packet 1, and then decode packet 3.
  • packets 1 to 3 are used as examples for description.
  • the data stream may also include multiple packets such as packet 4 and packet 5, which are not limited here.
  • (1) can also be described as, for a decoding unit, when the terminal device receives a non-critical packet before a key packet, the terminal device needs to buffer the non-critical packet until the critical packet is received.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first moment is earlier than the second moment.
  • the terminal device determines that the first time is earlier than the second time based on the same comparison method as above 1, it means that the terminal device has received the first message first, and then the second message; it also reflects The second packet received after sending out will not fail to decode because the first packet does not exist. Therefore, in a situation where the identifier of the first decoding unit is the same as the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first moment is earlier than the second moment, the terminal device can decode the first packet and then decode the second packet based on the first packet. Decoding ensures that there is no error in the message during decoding.
  • the packets successively received by the terminal device are: packet 1 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the first packet), packet 2 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the second packet), and packet 3 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the second message). Then, after judging that the message 1, the message 2 and the message 3 are located in the same decoding unit A, the terminal device can first decode the message 1, and then decode the message based on the message 1 after decoding the message 1. 2.
  • Message 3 This is only an exemplary description, and in practical applications, no limiting description is made.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first moment is later than the second moment.
  • the terminal device determines that the identifier of the first decoding unit in the first message is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit in the second message, it indicates that the decoding unit where the first message is located is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit in the second message.
  • the decoding units where the second packet is located are not the same. That is to say, when the first packet and the second packet received by the terminal device are decoded, they do not depend on each other.
  • the terminal device may also buffer the second message until it receives the second message. If there is a third packet (which may be a key packet) identified by the same second decoding unit, the third packet is decoded, and the second packet is decoded. On the other hand, the terminal device may also decode the first packet, and then wait to receive a fourth packet (which may be a non-critical packet) with the same first decoding unit identifier as the first packet.
  • a third packet which may be a key packet
  • the terminal device may also decode the first packet, and then wait to receive a fourth packet (which may be a non-critical packet) with the same first decoding unit identifier as the first packet.
  • the data packets received successively by the terminal device are: packet 1 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the second packet), packet 2 (corresponding to decoding unit B, corresponding to the first packet), and packet 3 (corresponding to decoding unit A, corresponding to the first message). Then, when the terminal device determines that packet 1 and packet 3 and packet 2 are not located after the same decoding unit A,
  • the terminal device can perform decoding processing on the packet 1 and the packet 3 in the decoding unit A.
  • the specific decoding process can be understood with reference to the above situation 1, which is not repeated here.
  • the terminal device can perform decoding processing on the packet 2 in the decoding unit B.
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit is different from the identifier of the second decoding unit, and the first moment is earlier than the second moment.
  • the terminal device can also decode the first packet, and then wait for receiving the first packet.
  • There is a third packet (which may be a non-critical packet) identified by the same first decoding unit.
  • the terminal device may also buffer the second packet until it receives a fourth packet (which may be a key packet) with the same second decoding unit identifier as the second packet, and then the fourth packet is received. decode the message, and decode the second message.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device recognizes that the first decoding unit identifier and the second decoding unit identifier are different, since the packets belonging to different decoding units do not have an interdependent relationship during decoding, the first packet (including the first decoding unit identifier) will not be decoded. ) and the second packet (including the identifier of the second decoding unit), the morning and evening sequences of the first moment and the second moment will not be compared.
  • the terminal device can also judge by itself whether the received packet is the first packet or the second packet. For example, according to the size of the packet, there is no limitation here.
  • the terminal device receives a first packet (critical packet) sent through a reliable transport layer protocol, and receives a second packet (non-critical packet) sent through an unreliable transport layer protocol,
  • the first packet and the second packet are decoded to obtain the corresponding data flow information, so that the differential processing of the data packets at the transport layer can be used, and the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets are realized.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the packet processing method can be applied to user plane functional network elements, as follows:
  • the user plane function network element receives the data message sent by the application network element through the first transport layer protocol or the second transport layer protocol, and the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol can be understood with reference to the content described in FIG. 3 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet, where the type of the data packet is a first packet or a second packet, the first packet is a critical packet, and the second packet is a non-critical packet.
  • the type of the data packet may be a first packet or a second packet, and the first packet is a key packet in the data flow, and the second packet is a non-critical packet in the data flow. Therefore, after the user plane functional network element receives the data packet sent by the application network element, it is necessary to identify the type of the data packet. If the type of the data packet is the first packet, the user plane function network element can send the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol with higher reliability. If the type of the data packet is the second packet, the user plane function network element may send the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol with lower reliability.
  • the above-mentioned first packet includes the first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes the second decoding unit identifier
  • the identifier of the first decoding unit and the identifier of the second decoding unit can be specifically understood with reference to the content in step 303 in the aforementioned FIG. 3 , and details are not described here.
  • the user plane function network element sends the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol, and/or sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first transport layer protocol due to the high reliability of the first transport layer protocol, it can be used to transmit data packets that can be decoded independently, or data packets that cannot be decoded independently but require high transmission reliability, and the first packet can be independently decoded. Decoding or data packets that require high transmission reliability. Therefore, when the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet and determines that the type of the data packet belongs to the first packet, it can send the first packet to the terminal device based on the first transport layer protocol.
  • the second transport layer protocol due to the low reliability of the second transport layer protocol, it can be used to transmit data packets that cannot be decoded independently, or data packets that can be decoded independently but require low transmission reliability, while the second packet cannot be decoded independently. Independent decoding or data packets with low transmission reliability requirements. Therefore, when the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet and determines that the type of the data packet belongs to the second packet, it can send the second packet to the terminal device based on the second transport layer protocol. In this way, the terminal device can respectively receive the first packet through the first transport layer protocol and the second packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • this step includes the following two actions: sending the first packet to the terminal device based on the first transport layer protocol, and sending the second packet to the terminal device based on the second transport layer protocol. Either of these two actions can be performed, or both, but at least one of them must be performed.
  • the specific action execution may depend on the establishment of transport layer protocols between the terminal device and the user plane function network element, between the user plane function network element and the application network element, and between the terminal device and the application network element.
  • the user plane function network element may further perform: extending the first decoding unit identifier in the first packet, and extending the second decoding unit in the second packet Unit ID.
  • the user plane function network element may also perform first: the user plane function network element detects whether the first packet contains the first decoding unit identifier, and detects the second Whether the message contains the identifier of the second decoding unit; when the first message does not contain the identifier of the first decoding unit and the second message does not contain the identifier of the second decoding unit, the above action of extending the identifier of the decoding unit is performed.
  • the user plane function network element may first confirm that the first packet is included in the first packet.
  • the first decoding unit identifier is added to the corresponding first message, and the second decoding unit identifier is added to the corresponding second message.
  • the user plane functional network element should have the function of determining the decoding unit where the message is located.
  • a possible solution for realizing the above functions is: when the user plane function network element detects a key message, the user plane function network element determines that the message corresponds to a new decoding unit; when a non-critical message is detected, it determines The message corresponds to the last detected key message and belongs to the same decoding unit. It should be noted that this solution is only used as an example, and the method for determining the decoding unit is not limited to this.
  • the user plane function network element may further perform the following steps, namely:
  • the user plane function network element receives the first information sent by the session management network element, where the first information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, and instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet according to the The type of the data message sends the data message. Specifically, when the data packet is the first packet, the user plane function network element sends the first packet through the first transport layer protocol, and/or when the data packet is the first packet When there are two packets, the user plane function network element sends the second packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the user plane functional network element after receiving the data packet sent by the application network element and identifying the data packet, the user plane functional network element sends the first packet to the terminal device through a reliable transport layer protocol (the key message), and send a second message (non-critical message) to the terminal device through an unreliable transport layer protocol, so as to realize the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data messages.
  • a reliable transport layer protocol the key message
  • a second message non-critical message
  • Fig. 3 is mainly from the angle of terminal equipment, has described the process of receiving the first message based on the first transport layer protocol and the process of receiving the second message based on the second transport layer protocol; and Fig. 4 is mainly from the angle of the user plane function network element , which describes the process of sending the first packet through the first transport layer protocol and sending the second packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first packet received by the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol and the second packet received through the second transport layer protocol may include the following four situations:
  • the first type the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet;
  • the second type the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet;
  • the third type the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element, receives the first packet, establishes the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the second packet;
  • the fourth type the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol with the application network element, receives the first packet, and establishes the second transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element, and receives the second packet.
  • the third and fourth situations are similar. Therefore, the first three situations will be described in detail in different embodiments.
  • the fourth case in the embodiment corresponding to the third case, the points that are different from the third case will be described, without separate drawings.
  • the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the described packet processing method may include the following steps:
  • Protocol data unit protocol data unit
  • application network element here may be an AS, which is not limited here.
  • the terminal device sends a transmission establishment request to the application network element, where the transmission establishment request includes a first transport layer protocol and a second transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device may also send two transmission establishment requests to the application network element, so that each transmission establishment request includes a transport layer protocol.
  • each transmission establishment request includes a transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device sends a first transmission establishment request and a second transmission establishment request to the application network element, wherein the first transmission establishment request includes the first transport layer protocol, and the second transmission establishment request includes the second transport layer protocol.
  • only one transmission establishment request includes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol as an example for description.
  • steps 501 to 503 are not the content to be discussed in this application, so they will not be introduced in this application, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the terminal device sends a data stream request to the application network element, so as to obtain the corresponding data stream.
  • step 504 can be understood with reference to step 302 in FIG. 3 , which is not repeated here.
  • the application network element determines a corresponding data flow based on the data flow request.
  • the application network element since the application network element stores the data packets corresponding to the data flow, or the data packets can be obtained from other application network elements, for example, the data packets can be obtained from an AS with a more centralized deployment location and a larger capacity. arts. Therefore, the application network element can determine the corresponding data flow after receiving the data flow request sent by the terminal device.
  • the application network element may add a first decoding unit identifier to the first packet in the data stream, and add a second decoding unit to the second packet. logo. The details can be described with reference to step 303 in FIG. 3 , which is not repeated here.
  • the application network element sends the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol, and sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol, where the first packet is a key packet in the data flow , the second packet is a non-critical packet in the data flow, and the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • the application network element can send the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol.
  • the second transport layer protocol can be used to transmit data packets that cannot be decoded independently, or data packets that can be decoded independently but require low transmission reliability, the second packet cannot be decoded independently, or the transmission Data packets with lower reliability requirements. Therefore, the application network element can send the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the application network element may also determine the data flow before sending the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol and before sending the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the type of datagram in the . Then, when it is determined that the type of the data packet belongs to the first packet, the first packet is sent to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol; and when it is determined that the type of the data packet belongs to the second packet, the The second transport layer protocol sends the second message to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet.
  • step 507 can be understood with reference to step 304 in the aforementioned FIG. 3 , and details are not described here.
  • a reliable transport layer protocol and an unreliable transport layer protocol are established between the terminal device and the application network element, and the application network element detects the data packet to determine that the packet belongs to the first message (critical message), and second message (non-critical message), the first message is sent with a reliable transport layer protocol, and the second message is sent with an unreliable transport layer protocol, so as to use Differentiated processing at the transport layer realizes the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • FIG. 5 above mainly describes the foregoing first case (ie, the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet).
  • the second case described above will be described below, namely:
  • the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the described packet processing method may include the following steps:
  • the application network element sends a differentiated transmission request to the policy control network element, where the differentiated transmission request is used to indicate that the data stream has a differentiated transmission requirement.
  • the differentiated transmission request is used to reflect the data stream requested by the subsequent terminal equipment to the application network element, and it is necessary to perform differentiated processing at the transport layer, that is, the data packet that can be decoded independently, or the data packet that cannot be decoded independently but is Data packets with higher transmission reliability requirements are transmitted through the first transport layer protocol, and data packets that cannot be independently decoded, or data packets that can be independently decoded but have lower requirements for transmission reliability are transmitted through the second transmission layer. layer protocol to transmit.
  • the differentiated transmission request may further include media stream description information.
  • the policy control network element sends second information to the session management network element based on the differentiated transmission request, where the second information is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements.
  • the second information is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements.
  • the second information may indicate that the data stream requested by the subsequent terminal device to the application network element needs to be processed differently at the transport layer.
  • the policy control network element sends the second information to the session management network element, which may be performed by signaling in different processes, for example:
  • Manner 1 In the session establishment process, the session management network element first sends an Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Create Request message to the policy control network element to request the policy. Then, the policy control network element carries the second response information of the authorization information in the Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Create Response message.
  • the policy control network element may initiate a session modification process to the session management network element after receiving the differentiated transmission request sent by the application network element. In this way, the policy control network element carries the second response information of the authorization information in the Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update Notify Request message.
  • the method for the policy control network element to send the second information to the session management network element may also include other methods in practical applications, which will not be described herein.
  • the second information may further include media stream description information.
  • the session management network element sends first information to the user plane function network element, where the first information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, and the type of the data packet is the first packet or the second packet , the first packet is a critical packet, the second packet is a non-critical packet, and the user plane functional network element is instructed to send the first packet through the first transport layer protocol, and/or send the first packet through the second transport layer protocol For two packets, the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • the user plane function network element after the user plane function network element receives the first information, it is equivalent to the session management network element informing the user plane function network element that it needs to perform detection of the data packet sent by the application network element, that is, to detect the data packet.
  • the type is the first message or the second message.
  • the first packet is sent to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol; and, when the type of the data packet is the second packet, the first packet is sent to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol;
  • the second transport layer protocol sends the second packet to the terminal device.
  • the first information sent by the session management network element to the user plane function network element may be sent by sending an N4 Session Establishment Request or an N4 Session Modification Request, which is not limited here.
  • the user plane function network element may also feed back a response message to the session management network element. Specifically, it can be fed back in the form of N4 Session Establishment Response or N4 Session Modification Response message.
  • the session management network element sends a non-access stratum (NAS) message to the terminal device.
  • the NAS message contains information such as the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the user plane function network element to indicate the terminal device.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the terminal device sends a transmission establishment request to the user plane function network element, where the transmission establishment request includes a first transport layer protocol and a second transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device may also send two transmission establishment requests to the user plane functional network element, and each transmission establishment request includes a transport layer protocol.
  • each transmission establishment request includes a transport layer protocol.
  • only one transmission establishment request includes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol as an example for description.
  • the user plane function network element sends a transmission establishment request to the application network element, where the transmission establishment request includes the first transport layer protocol or the second transport layer protocol.
  • the application network element and the user plane function network element establish a first transport layer protocol or a second transport layer protocol.
  • steps 604-605 and 606-607 are executed in no order. In this application, only steps 604-605 are executed first, and then steps 606-607 are executed as an example for introduction, which is not described in this application. limited.
  • the terminal device sends a data stream request to the application network element for acquiring the corresponding data stream.
  • the application network element determines a corresponding data flow based on the data flow request.
  • steps 608-609 can be understood with reference to steps 504-505 in FIG. 5 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • the application network element may also add an identifier to the data message of the data stream, that is, perform the following step S61: extending the identifier of the first decoding unit in the first message, and adding an identifier in the first message.
  • the second decoding unit identifier is extended in the second message. Specifically, for the same decoding unit, the application network element may add the same identifier, so that the first packet and the second packet located in the same decoding unit may use the identifier of the same decoding unit.
  • the application network element can add different identifiers, for example: decoding unit A and decoding unit B, then the user plane function network element can add one identifier for decoding unit A and another identifier for decoding unit B. Then, the identifiers of the first message and the second message in the decoding unit A are different from the identifiers of the first message and the second message in the decoding unit B, so that in the subsequent decoding process of the terminal equipment, according to the same The first message in the decoding unit decodes the second message, so that a lower error rate occurs during the decoding process.
  • the application network element sends a data packet to the user plane function network element based on the first transport layer protocol or the second transport layer protocol, where the first packet in the data packet contains the first decoding unit identifier, and the first packet in the data packet
  • the second packet includes the second decoding unit identifier.
  • the application network element can send the data packet to the user plane function network element through the first transport layer protocol or the second transport layer protocol through the aforementioned connection. In this way, after the user plane functional network element obtains the data packet, it can detect and transmit the data packet.
  • the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet, and the type of the data packet is the first packet or the second packet.
  • the user plane function network element sends the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol, and sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first packet is a data packet that can be independently decoded or has a high transmission reliability requirement. Requires higher data packets. Therefore, when the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet and determines that the type of the data packet belongs to the first packet, it can send the first packet to the terminal device based on the first transport layer protocol.
  • the second transport layer protocol can be used to transmit data packets that cannot be decoded independently, or that can be decoded independently but require low transmission reliability, the second packet cannot be decoded independently or is reliable for transmission. Datagrams with lower requirements on performance. Therefore, when the user plane functional network element identifies the type of the data packet and determines that the type of the data packet belongs to the second packet, it can send the second packet to the terminal device based on the second transport layer protocol. In this way, the terminal device can respectively receive the first packet through the first transport layer protocol and the second packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the user plane function network element may further perform the following steps: the user plane function network element extends the first decoding unit identifier in the first packet, and the second The second decoding unit identifier is extended in the message.
  • the user plane function network element may also perform the following steps: the user plane function network element detects whether the first packet contains the first decoding unit identifier, and detects whether the first packet contains the first decoding unit identifier. Whether the second packet contains the identifier of the second decoding unit; when the first packet does not contain the identifier of the first decoding unit, and the second packet does not contain the identifier of the second decoding unit, the user plane function network element in the first The first decoding unit identifier is extended in the message, and the second decoding unit identifier is extended in the second message.
  • the data packet received by the user plane function network element is a packet without an identifier added. Therefore, before sending the first packet to the terminal device based on the first transport layer protocol, and before sending the second packet to the terminal device based on the second transport layer protocol, the user plane function network element may first confirm that the first packet is included in the first packet. When there is no first decoding unit identifier and no second decoding unit identifier in the second packet, the first decoding unit identifier is added to the corresponding first packet, and the second decoding unit identifier is added to the corresponding second packet.
  • the user plane function network element can add the same identifier, so that the first packet and the second packet located in the same decoding unit can use the same identifier of the decoding unit.
  • user plane function network elements can add different identifiers, for example: decoding unit A and decoding unit B, then user plane function network elements can add one identifier for decoding unit A and another identifier for decoding unit B identification, and then make the identification of the first message and the second message in the decoding unit A different from the identification of the first message and the second message in the decoding unit B, which is convenient for subsequent terminal equipment decoding process, according to The first message in the same decoding unit decodes the second message, so that a lower error rate occurs during the decoding process.
  • the user plane function network element may also carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier when sending the first packet to the terminal device; and, when sending the second packet to the terminal device, carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier.
  • the second decoding unit identifier may also carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier when sending the first packet to the terminal device; and, when sending the second packet to the terminal device, carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier.
  • the second decoding unit identifier may also carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier when sending the first packet to the terminal device; and, when sending the second packet to the terminal device, carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier.
  • the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet.
  • step 613 can be understood with reference to step 304 in the aforementioned FIG. 3 , and details are not described here.
  • a reliable transport layer protocol and an unreliable transport layer protocol are established between the terminal device and the user plane functional network element, and the user plane functional network element forwards the datagram sent by the application network element.
  • the user plane functional network element forwards the datagram sent by the application network element.
  • first detect whether the data packet belongs to the first packet (critical packet) or the second packet (non-critical packet) send the first packet with a reliable transport layer protocol, and pass the second packet through
  • the unreliable transport layer protocol is sent, so that the differentiated processing of the transport layer is used to realize the differentiated requirements for the transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • FIG. 5 mainly describes the aforementioned first case (that is, the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the first message and the second message), and FIG. 6 is mainly for the aforementioned second case (that is, the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol and the second transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element, and receives the first packet and the second packet).
  • the third case will be described below, namely:
  • the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol with the user plane function network element, receives the first packet, establishes the second transport layer protocol with the application network element, and receives the second packet.
  • the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol with the application network element, receives the first packet, establishes the second transport layer protocol with the user plane function network element, and receives the second packet
  • the terminal device establishes the first transport layer protocol with the application network element, receives the first packet, establishes the second transport layer protocol with the user plane function network element, and receives the second packet
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another packet processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from FIG. 7 , the described packet processing method may include the following steps:
  • the application network element sends a differentiated transmission request to the policy control network element, where the differentiated transmission request is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements.
  • the policy control network element sends second information to the session management network element based on the differentiated transmission request, where the second information is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements.
  • the session management network element sends first information to the user plane function network element, where the first information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, and the type of the data packet is the first packet or the second packet , and instruct the user plane function network element to send the first packet through the first transport layer protocol, or to send the second packet through the second transport layer protocol, the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • steps 701-703 can be understood with reference to steps 601-603 in FIG. 6 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • the session management network element sends a NAS message to the terminal device, where the NAS message includes information such as the IP address of the user plane function network element, so as to instruct the terminal device to determine the user plane function network element.
  • the terminal device sends a transmission establishment request to the user plane function network element, where the transmission establishment request includes the first transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device establishes a first transport layer protocol with the user plane functional network element.
  • the terminal device sends a transmission establishment request to the application network element, where the transmission establishment request includes the second transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device and the application network element establish a second transport layer protocol.
  • the transmission establishment requests in steps 704-705 should include the second transport layer protocol
  • the transmission establishment requests in steps 706-707 should include the first transport layer protocol
  • steps 704-705 and 706-707 are executed in no order. In this application, only steps 704-705 are executed first, and then steps 706-707 are executed as an example for introduction, which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal device sends a data flow request to the application network element, so as to obtain the corresponding data flow.
  • the application network element determines a corresponding data flow based on the data flow request.
  • steps 708-709 can be understood with reference to steps 608-609 in FIG. 6, which will not be repeated here.
  • the application network element sends a data packet based on the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first packet in the data packet may include the first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet in the data packet may include the second decoding unit identifier.
  • the application network element may send the data packet through the second transport layer protocol.
  • the first transport layer protocol is used in this step.
  • the user plane function network element identifies the type of the data packet, the type of the data packet is a first packet or a second packet, the first packet is a key packet, and the second packet is a non-critical packet;
  • the type of the data packet may be the first packet or the second packet. Furthermore, it can be known from step 705 that a first transport layer protocol is established between the terminal device and the user plane functional network element to meet the requirement for transmitting the first packet. Therefore, after the user plane functional network element receives the data packet sent by the application network element, it is necessary to identify the type of the data packet. If the type of the data packet is the first packet, the user plane function network element executes the subsequent step 712 . If the type of the data packet is the second packet, the user plane function network element does not change the sending method of the second packet, and then the application network element sends the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol. (See subsequent step 713).
  • the user plane function network element sends the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol.
  • the user plane function network element may further perform the following steps:
  • Step S72 The user plane function network element detects whether the first packet contains the first decoding unit identifier, and detects whether the second packet contains the second decoding unit identifier.
  • Step S73 when the first packet does not contain the first decoding unit identifier, and when the second packet does not contain the second decoding unit identifier, the user plane function network element extends the first decoding unit identifier in the first packet, and extending the second decoding unit identifier in the second message.
  • the user plane function network element may also carry the aforementioned first decoding unit identifier when sending the first packet to the terminal device.
  • the user plane function network element sends the detected second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol, and sends the detected first packet to the terminal device.
  • the message without changing the sending mode, continues to be sent to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol.
  • the terminal device decodes the first packet and the second packet.
  • step 714 can be understood with reference to step 304 in the aforementioned FIG. 3 , and details are not described here.
  • the difference between the packet processing methods described in FIG. 7 and FIG. 6 is that: taking the third case as an example, since the foregoing step 705 only establishes the user plane function network element and the network element based on the first transport layer protocol. Therefore, after receiving the data packet sent by the application network element based on the second transport layer protocol, and judging whether the data belongs to the first packet or the second packet, the user plane function network element can connect between terminal devices. The first packet is transferred to the first transport layer protocol and sent to the terminal device. In addition, the user plane function network element does not change the sending mode of the second packet, and the application network element continues to send the second packet to the terminal device through the original second transport layer protocol.
  • a reliable transport layer protocol and an unreliable transport layer protocol are established between the terminal device and the user plane functional network element, and the user plane functional network element forwards the datagram sent by the application network element.
  • the user plane functional network element forwards the datagram sent by the application network element.
  • first detect whether the data packet belongs to the first packet (critical packet) or the second packet (non-critical packet) send the first packet with a reliable transport layer protocol, and the application network element will The second packet is sent through an unreliable transport layer protocol, so that the differentiated processing of the transport layer is used to realize the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • the above-mentioned terminal equipment, application network elements, user plane function network elements and session management network elements include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in hardware or in the form of a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the terminal device, application network element, user plane function network element and session management network element can be implemented by one entity device, or jointly implemented by multiple entity devices, or can be a logic in one entity device.
  • a functional module which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. It includes: a communication interface 801 and a processor 802, and may also include a memory 803.
  • the communication interface 801 can use any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. .
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the processor 802 includes, but is not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) one or more.
  • the above-mentioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (generic array logic, GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • Processor 802 is responsible for communication lines 804 and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions.
  • Memory 803 may be used to store data used by processor 802 in performing operations.
  • Memory 803 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types of storage devices that can store information and instructions It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically programmable read-only memory, EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, Optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of Any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • Optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor 802 through the communication line 804 .
  • the memory 803 may also be integrated with the processor 802. If the memory 803 and the processor 802 are independent devices, the memory 803 and the processor 802 are connected, for example, the memory 803 and the processor 802 can communicate through a communication line 804 .
  • the communication interface 801 and the processor 802 can communicate through a communication line 804, and the communication interface 801 can also be directly connected to the processor 802.
  • Communication lines 804 which may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, link together various circuits including one or more processors 802 , represented by processor 802 , and memory, represented by memory 803 . Communication lines 804 may also link together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be described further herein.
  • the present application may divide the functional units of the terminal device, application network element, user plane functional network element and session management network element according to the above method embodiments.
  • each functional unit may be divided corresponding to each function.
  • Two or more functions can be integrated in one functional unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, and may also be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the terminal device of the present application may include:
  • the first processing unit 901 is used for establishing a first transport layer protocol between the terminal device and the first network element, and establishing a second transport layer protocol with the second network element.
  • the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than the second transport layer protocol, the first network element and the second network element are the same or different;
  • a first sending unit 902 configured to send a data stream request to an application network element to obtain a corresponding data stream
  • a first receiving unit 903 configured to receive a first packet sent through the first transport layer protocol, and receive a second packet sent through the second transport layer protocol, where the first packet is a key message in the data flow, and the second message is a non-critical message in the data flow;
  • the first processing unit 901 is configured to decode the first packet and the second packet.
  • the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier
  • the first processing unit 901 is configured to:
  • the first packet and the second packet are decoded according to the first moment, the second moment, the identifier of the first decoding unit, and the identifier of the second decoding unit.
  • the first processing unit 901 is configured to:
  • the second packet is buffered, and when the first time is received After the message is sent, the first message and the second message are decoded.
  • the first receiving unit 903 is configured to:
  • the second packet sent by the second network element is received based on the second transport layer protocol.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an application network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the application network element of the present application may include:
  • the second receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream;
  • a second processing unit 1002 configured to determine a corresponding data stream according to the data stream request
  • the second sending unit 1003 is configured to send a first packet to the terminal device through a first transport layer protocol, and send a second packet to the terminal device through a second transport layer protocol, wherein the first packet
  • the message is a key message in the data flow
  • the second message is a non-critical message in the data flow
  • the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of another application network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the application network element of the present application may include:
  • a third receiving unit 1101 configured to receive a data stream request sent by a terminal device, so as to obtain a corresponding data stream
  • a third processing unit 1102 configured to determine a corresponding data stream according to the data stream request
  • the third sending unit 1103 is configured to send a first packet and a second packet, wherein the first packet is a key packet in the data flow, and the second packet is a key packet in the data flow.
  • the non-critical message, the first message includes the identifier of the first decoding unit, and the second message includes the identifier of the second decoding unit.
  • the third sending unit 1103 is further configured to:
  • a differentiated transmission request is sent to the policy control network element, where the differentiated transmission request is used to indicate that the data stream has a differentiated transmission requirement.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a user plane functional network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the user plane function network element of the present application may include:
  • the fourth receiving unit 1201 is configured to receive a data packet sent by an application network element through a first transport layer protocol or a second transport layer protocol, wherein the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol ;
  • the fourth processing unit 1202 is configured to identify the type of the data packet, where the type of the data packet is a first packet or a second packet, the first packet is a key packet, and the second packet is a key packet.
  • the message is a non-critical message;
  • the fourth sending unit 1203 is configured to send the first packet to the terminal device through the first transport layer protocol, and/or send the second packet to the terminal device through the second transport layer protocol .
  • the first packet includes a first decoding unit identifier
  • the second packet includes a second decoding unit identifier
  • the fourth receiving unit 1201 is further configured to:
  • the first packet is sent by the layer protocol, and/or the second packet is sent by the second transport layer protocol.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of a session management network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the session management network element of the present application may include:
  • a fifth receiving unit 1301, configured to receive first information of the policy control network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the data stream has differentiated transmission requirements;
  • the fifth sending unit 1302 is configured to send second information to the user plane function network element, where the second information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to determine the type of the data packet, and the type of the data packet is a first packet or a second packet, the first packet is a key packet, the second packet is a non-critical packet, and the user plane function network element is instructed to send through the first transport layer protocol
  • the first packet, and/or the second packet is sent through a second transport layer protocol, and the reliability of the first transport layer protocol is higher than that of the second transport layer protocol.
  • a reliable transport layer protocol and an unreliable transport layer protocol are established, and the application network element and/or the user plane function network element detects the data packet, and determines that the packet belongs to the first packet.
  • message critical message
  • first message non-critical message
  • the first message is sent with a reliable transport layer protocol
  • the second message is sent with an unreliable transport layer protocol, so as to utilize the transport layer protocol.
  • the differentiated processing of different data packets realizes the differentiated requirements for transmission reliability of different data packets.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Integration into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , which includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • Computer instructions may be stored on or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center over a wire (e.g. coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • a wire e.g. coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless e.g, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • Useful media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVDs), or semiconductor media (eg, SSDs), and the like.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置,能够利用传输层的差异化处理同一数据流中的数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。前述的方法包括:终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议,第一网元和第二网元相同或不相同;终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;终端设备接收通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收同一数据流中通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,第一报文为数据流中的关键报文,第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文;终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文。

Description

一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域,具体涉及一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置。
背景技术
一般来说,终端设备获取到包含数据流的数据报文,并解码该数据报文后,才能够处理相应的数据流等。通常数据流的发送端(例如服务器侧)使用某种编码技术对数据流进行编码,终端设备使用相对应的解码技术对数据报文进行解码。一种常见的技术是基于I/B/P帧的编解码技术。该技术将一个图像组(group of pictures,GOP)定义成连续若干帧的集合,并且分为I帧,P帧和B帧。分别定义为:
I帧:帧内编码帧,通常是每个GOP的第一个帧,经过适度地压缩,作为随机访问的参考点,可以当成图像。I帧可以看成是一个图像经过压缩后的产物。
P帧:前向预测编码帧,通过充分将低于图像序列中前面已编码帧的时间冗余信息来压缩传输数据量的编码图像,也叫预测帧。
B帧:双向预测内插编码帧,既考虑与源图像序列前面已编码帧,也顾及源图像序列后面已编码帧之间的时间冗余信息来压缩传输数据量的编码图像,也叫双向预测帧。
基于该编码技术的解码器对该数据报文中的报文头部信息进行识别,以实现对I/B/P帧的识别。一种可能的具体实施方法是,解码器通过报文头部信息进行识别,考虑到基于I/B/P帧的编码中,每一帧具有固定的开头(4bytes),之后的2bit指示帧的类型:00指示I帧,01指定P帧,10指定B帧,解码器可以据此识别帧类型。可以理解的是,在一个GOP内,I帧可以独立解码,B帧需要参考前一个I帧,或前一个P帧及其后一个P帧,P帧需要参考前一个I帧或B帧才能够被解码。如果出现I帧传输失败的情况,那么该I帧所在的GOP的B帧和P帧的解码也受到影响,无法正常解码,进而很可能导致大段数据流失真,影响较大;如果出现B帧或P帧丢失,一般只会影响当前B帧或P帧、或所在的GOP内的个别帧,对数据流的整体播放的影响较小。因此,传输不同帧类型的数据报文对于传输可靠性具有不同的要求。
针对终端设备获取的数据流,如何更好地满足该数据流的不同类型的数据报文对传输可靠性的不同要求提出了新的挑战。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置,能够利用传输层的差异化处理数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供一种报文处理的方法,该报文处理的方法可以包括:终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议,所述第一网元和所述第二网元相同或不相同;所述终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;所述终端设备接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数 据流中的非关键报文;所述终端设备解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
需说明,上述的第一报文为数据流中的关键报文可以理解成,在该数据流中,该关键报文是可以被独立解码的数据报文,例如:基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的I帧、分层编码技术中的基本层等;也可以理解成在有些情况下,虽然不能独立解码、但对传输可靠性的要求较高的数据报文,例如基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的B/P帧等。上述的第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文可以理解成,在与第一报文所在的同一个数据流中,需要依赖于同一数据流中的关键报文才能解码的数据报文,例如:基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的B/P帧、分层编码技术中的增强层等,或者,也可以理解成虽然能够独立解码、但对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文,例如基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的I帧等。因此,通过上述方式,终端设备接收通过可靠的传输层协议发送的第一报文(关键报文),以及接收通过非可靠的传输层协议发送的第二报文(非关键报文),并解码第一报文和第二报文,得到相应的数据流信息,使得能够利用传输层的差异化处理数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
可选的,在一些示例中,该方法还包括:所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
需说明,第一解码单元标识能够标识出该第一报文所位于的解码单元,以及第二解码单元能够标识出该第二报文所位于的解码单元。而且所描述的解码单元可以理解成:解码单元是内部数据报文之间互相依赖的最小单元,不同解码单元之间的数据报文在解码时互相不依赖。此外,上述的第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识可以相同,也可以不相同。在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同时,表明第一报文与第二报文是来自于同一个数据流中的同一个解码单元。在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同时,表明第一报文与第二报文是来自于同一个数据流中的不同解码单元。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述终端设备解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文,可以包括:所述终端设备确定接收所述第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收所述第二报文的第二时刻;所述终端设备根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
需说明,上述的第一时刻理解成该第一报文到达至终端设备的时刻,第二时刻为该第二报文到达至终端设备的时刻。而且,第一解码单元标识能够标识出该第一报文所位于的解码单元,以及第二解码单元能够标识出该第二报文所位于的解码单元;并且针对同一个解码单元来说,第二报文的解码是可能会依赖于第一报文的解码的。因此,终端设备还需要确定出接收该第一报文时的第一时刻、以及确定出接收该第二报文时的第二时刻,进而结合第一解码单元标识和第二解码单元标识解码第一报文和第二报文,保证后续解码第二报文的过程中不会出现解码错误的情况。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述终端设备根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文,可以包括:当所述第一解码单元标识与所述第二解码单元标识相同时,在所述第一时刻晚于所述第二时刻时,所述终端设备缓存所述第二报文,并在接收到所述第一报文后,对所述第一 报文和所述第二报文进行解码。
需说明,终端设备基于第一时刻、第二时刻、第一解码单元标识以及第二解码单元标识,解码第一报文和第二报文的方式,具体可以包括四种情形:第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻;第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻;第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻;第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻。以第一种情形为例,如果第一时刻晚于第二时刻,就说明终端设备先接收了第二报文,后接收第一报文;也反映出先接收到的第二报文可能会因为没有第一报文的存在,出现解码失败的情况。因此,在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻的情形中,终端设备应当先缓存第二报文,直到接收到通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文后,对该第一报文解码,并对所缓存的第二报文解码,避免了解码时第二报文出现错误解码的情况。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述终端设备接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,可以包括:所述终端设备基于所述第一传输层协议,接收所述第一网元发送的第一报文;所述终端设备基于所述第二传输层协议,接收所述第二网元发送的第二报文。
需说明,所描述的第一网元可以是应用网元,也可以是用户面功能网元;第二网元可以是应用网元,也可以是用户面功能网元,此处不做限定说明。另外,终端设备接收通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,可以包括如下四种情况:终端设备接收应用网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收应用网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文;终端设备接收用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收用户面功能网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文;终端设备接收用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收应用网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文;终端设备接收应用网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收用户面功能网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,此处不做具体说明。
第二方面,本申请实施例中提供了另一种报文处理的方法,该报文处理的方法可以包括:应用网元接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;所述应用网元基于所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;所述应用网元通过第一传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
第三方面,本申请实施例中提供了另一种报文处理的方法,该报文处理的方法可以包括:应用网元接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;所述应用网元基于所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;所述应用网元发送第一报文和第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文, 所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述方法还可以包括:所述应用网元向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,所述差异化传输请求用于表明所述数据流具有差异化传输需求。
第四方面,本申请实施例中提供了另一种报文处理的方法,该报文处理的方法可以包括:用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议;所述用户面功能网元识别所述数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文;所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议向终端设备发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送所述第二报文。
通过上述方式,用户面功能网元在接收到应用网元发送的数据报文,并对该数据报文进行识别后,通过可靠的传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文(关键报文),以及通过非可靠的传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文(非关键报文),实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述方法还可以包括:所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述方法还可以包括:所述用户面功能网元接收会话管理网元发送的第二信息,所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
第五方面,本申请实施例中提供了另一种报文处理的方法,该报文处理的方法可以包括:会话管理网元接收策略控制网元的第一信息,所述第一信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求;会话管理网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第二信息,所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述方法还可以包括:所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
第六方面,本申请实施例提供了一种终端设备,该终端设备可以包括:第一处理单元,用于所述终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议,所述第一网元和所述第二网元相同或不相同;第一发送单元,用于向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;第一接收单元,用于接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文, 所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文;所述第一处理单元,用于解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
可选的,在一些示例中,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一处理单元,用于:
确定接收所述第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收所述第二报文的第二时刻;
根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一处理单元,用于:当所述第一解码单元标识与所述第二解码单元标识相同时,在所述第一时刻晚于所述第二时刻时,缓存所述第二报文,并在接收到所述第一报文后,对所述第一报文和所述第二报文进行解码。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一接收单元,用于:
基于所述第一传输层协议,接收所述第一网元发送的第一报文;
基于所述第二传输层协议,接收所述第二网元发送的第二报文。
第七方面,本申请实施例提供了一种应用网元,该应用网元可以包括:第二接收单元,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;第二处理单元,用于根据所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;第三发送单元,用于通过第一传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
第八方面,本申请实施例提供了另一种应用网元,该应用网元可以包括:第三接收单元,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;第三处理单元,用于根据所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;第三发送单元,用于发送第一报文和第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第三发送单元,还用于:
向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,所述差异化传输请求用于表明所述数据流具有差异化传输需求。
第九方面,本申请实施例提供了一种用户面功能网元,该用户面功能网元可以包括:第四接收单元,用于通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议;第四处理单元,用于识别所述数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文;第四发送单元,用于通过所述第一传输层协议向终端设备发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送所述第二报文。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第四接收单元,还用于:接收会话管理网元发送的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
第十方面,本申请实施例提供了一种会话管理网元,该会话管理网元可以包括:第五接收单元,用于接收策略控制网元的第二信息,所述第二信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求;第五发送单元,用于向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
第十一方面,本申请实施例提供了一种终端设备,可以包括:存储器,用于存储计算机可读指令。还可以包括,与存储器耦合的处理器,用于执行存储器中的计算机可读指令从而执行如第一方面、第一方面任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
第十二方面,本申请实施例提供了一种应用网元,可以包括:存储器,用于存储计算机可读指令。还可以包括,与存储器耦合的处理器,用于执行存储器中的计算机可读指令从而执行如第二方面、第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
第十三方面,本申请实施例提供了一种用户面功能网元,可以包括:存储器,用于存储计算机可读指令。还可以包括,与存储器耦合的处理器,用于执行存储器中的计算机可读指令从而执行如第四方面、第四方面任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
第十四方面,本申请实施例提供了一种会话管理网元,可以包括:存储器,用于存储计算机可读指令。还可以包括,与存储器耦合的处理器,用于执行存储器中的计算机可读指令从而执行如第五方面、第五方面任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
本申请第十五方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质,当指令在计算机装置上运行时,使得计算机装置执行如第一方面至第五方面中的任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
本申请第十六方面提供一种计算机程序产品,当在计算机上运行时,使得计算机可以执行如第一方面至第五方面中的任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法。
本申请第十七方面提供一种芯片系统,该芯片系统可以包括处理器,用于支持终端设 备或服务器实现上述第一方面至第五方面中的任意一种可能的实施方式中所描述的方法中所涉及的功能。
可选地,结合上述第十七方面,在第一种可能的实施方式中,芯片系统还可以包括存储器,存储器,用于保存终端设备必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统,可以由芯片构成,也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。其中,芯片系统可以包括专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件等。进一步,芯片系统还可以包括接口电路等。
需要说明的是,上述所描述的本申请第六方面、第十一方面、第十五至第十七方面的实施方式所带来的有益效果可以参照第一方面的实施方式进行理解,此处不做重复赘述。
上述所描述的本申请第七方面、第十二方面、第十五至第十七方面的实施方式所带来的有益效果可以参照第二方面的实施方式进行理解,此处不做重复赘述。
上述所描述的本申请第八方面、第十二方面、第十五至第十七方面的实施方式所带来的有益效果可以参照第三方面的实施方式进行理解,此处不做重复赘述。
上述所描述的本申请第九方面、第十三方面、第十五至第十七方面的实施方式所带来的有益效果可以参照第四方面的实施方式进行理解,此处不做重复赘述。
上述所描述的本申请第十方面、第十四方面、第十五至第十七方面的实施方式所带来的有益效果可以参照第五方面的实施方式进行理解,此处不做重复赘述。
从以上技术方案可以看出,本申请实施例具有以下优点:
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中,终端设备接收通过可靠的传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过非可靠的传输层协议发送的第二报文,并解码第一报文和第二报文,得到相应的数据流信息,使得能够利用传输层的差异化处理数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
附图说明
图1为一个解码的示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种报文处理的方法的示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种报文处理的方法的示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的计算机设备的硬件结构示意图;
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种应用网元的结构示意图;
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种应用网元的结构示意图;
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种用户面功能网元的结构示意图;
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种会话管理网元的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种报文处理的方法以及相关装置,能够利用传输层的差异化处理数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。应当理解,本申请的说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在,但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。还应当理解,本申请说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的,而并不意在限定本申请。
一般来说,在数据流的处理过程中,终端设备需要获取到包含数据流的数据报文,并解码该数据报文后,才能够播放相应的数据流。而终端设备在解码数据报文的过程中,通常是基于I/B/P编码技术的解码器对该数据报文中的报文头部信息进行识别,以实现对I/B/P帧的识别。另外,同一个GOP内的I帧可以独立解码,B帧和P帧需要依赖于I帧才能够被解码。如果终端设备在解码过程中,出现I帧传输失败的情况,那么该I帧所在的GOP的B帧和P帧的解码也受到影响,无法正常解码,进而导致大段数据流失真,影响较大。因此,一般会使用可靠的传输层协议(例如:TCP)来传输I帧;如果出现B帧或P帧丢失,一般只会影响当前B帧或P帧、或者所在的GOP内的个别帧,对数据流的整体播放的影响较小。因此一般会使用非可靠的传输层协议(例如:UDP)来传输B帧或P帧。举例来说,参阅图1,为一个解码的示意图。从图1可以看出,该GOP是一个长度为15帧的单元,从其解码顺序可以看出B帧与P帧的解码依赖于I帧,而且I帧需要出现在该GOP的第一个位置,才能够保证后续解码中不丢失B帧或P帧。
需要注意的是,本发明中提到的编码技术仅以高级视频编码(MPEG-4,Part 10,advanced video coding,MPEG-4AVC)为例。编码技术还可以是可视性视频编码(scalable video coding,MPEG-4SVC)、VP8/VP9等。其中,MPEG-4SVC利用增强层、基本层对数据报文进行编解码。
然而,在相关技术中,针对同一数据流的所有数据报文,均是使用同一种传输层协议来传输数据报文。这种限制不利于满足不同报文的差异化传输需求。作为一个具体的例子,以实时流协议(real time streaming protocol,RTSP)来说明上述问题的存在。RTSP允许传输层使用以下二者之一传送报文:可靠的传输控制协议(transmission control protocol,TCP),或不可靠的用户数据报协议(user datagram protocol,UDP)。如果所有报文都通过TCP传输,那么当B/P帧对应的报文传输失败时,会触发重传机制,导致整体传输速度变慢,尽管降低了B/P帧的丢包率,但是由于B/P帧丢包对于解码的影响较小,这种牺牲整体传输速度换来的丢包率的降低,往往被认为得不偿失;如果都通过UDP传输,那么导致I帧丢包的风险增加,尽管无需重传使得整体传输速度提高了,但是由于I帧丢包对解码的影响较大,因此往往认为即使牺牲传输速度,进行重传也是有益的。由此看来,这种机制无法满足同一数据流的不同数据报文对传输可靠性的不同要求。
因此,为了解决上述所描述的技术问题,本申请实施例提供了一种报文处理的方法,旨在针对同一个数据流中,通过至少两种不同的传输层协议来传输不同类型的数据报文,以实现满足同一数据流的不同数据报文对传输可靠性的不同要求。
需说明的是,本申请所提供的报文处理的方法,可以应用于4G网络、5G网络或其他的未来出现的6G网络、通信系统等等,下面结合附图先介绍适用于本申请的5G网络结构。
第四代(4th generation,4G)、和第五代(5th generation,5G)等网络都可以称为移动网络,从业务角度来看移动网络可以包括无线接入网(radio access network,RAN)和核心网(core network,CN),RAN可以与CN相连,RAN负责用户的接入,CN负责业务的处理。其中,RAN包括但不限于基站。下面结合附图先介绍适用于本申请的5G网络结构。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构示意图。
如图2所示,该系统架构为5G网络的系统架构示意图,该系统架构不但支持3GPP标准组定义的无线技术接入核心网络侧,而且支持支持non-3GPP接入技术通过non-3GPP转换功能(non-3GPP interworking function,N3IWF)或下一代接入网关(next generation packet data gateway,ngPDG)或固网接入网关或可信non-3GPP接入网关接入核心网络侧。
图2中的用户设备(user equipment,UE)、(无线)接入网络((radio)access network,(R)AN)、用户面功能(user plane function,UPF)网元和数据网络(data network,DN)一般被称为用户层网络功能或实体,用户的数据流量可以通过UE和DN之间建立的数据传输通道进行传输。
UE也可以称为终端设备,可以包括:手持终端、笔记本电脑、用户单元(subscriber unit)、蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能电话(smart phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant,PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handheld)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、无绳电话(cordless phone)或者无线本地环路(wireless local loop,WLL)台、机器类型通信(machine type communication,MTC)终端或是其他可以接入网络的设备。UE与接入网设备之间采用某种空口技术相互通信。
接入网(access network,AN),在具体应用中又可称为无线接入网(radio access network,RAN),RAN由接入网设备组成,负责用户设备的接入。5G网络的RAN设备可以是下一代(next generation,NG)RAN设备,也可以是演进型通用陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network,E-UTRAN)设备,5G网络可同时连接至上述两种接入网设备。RAN在本申请实施例中可以是下一代基站(next generation NodeB,gNB)或者下一代演进型基站(next generation-evolved NodeB,ng-eNB)。其中,gNB为UE提供新空口(new radio,NR)的用户面功能和控制面功能,ng-eNB为UE提供演进型通用陆地无线接入(evolved universal terrestrial radio access,E-UTRA)的用户面功能和控制面功能,需要说明的是,gNB和ng-eNB仅是一种名称,用于表示支持5G网络系统的基站,并不具有限制意义。
数据网络(data network,DN)可以为运营商外部网络,也可以为运营商控制的网络,用于向用户提供业务服务。UE可通过接入运营商网络来访问DN,使用DN上的运营商或第三方提供的业务。
图2中,会话管理功能(session management function,SMF)网元,主要用于负责用户面网元选择、用户面网元重定向、互联网协议(internet protocol,IP)地址分配、 承载的建立、修改和释放等;接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function,AMF)网元,主要负责信令处理部分,例如接入控制、移动性管理、附着与去附着以及网元选择等功能。用户面功能(user plane function,UPF)网元主要用于负责对数据报文进行处理,如转发、计费统计等。
具体的,如图2所示,用户设备UE可以通过RAN与AMF网元连接,AMF网元分别与SMF网元、统一数据管理功能(unified data management,UDM)等网元连接,SMF网元与UPF网元连接,UPF网元与DN连接。系统架构中的接口和连接可以包括:N1、N2、N3、N4和N6。其中,N1为UE和AMF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传输用户设备和核心网控制面之间的控制信令,具体的N1连接中的消息可以由UE和RAN之间的连接、RAN和AMF网元之间的N2连接进行传输。N2为RAN和AMF网元之间的控制面连接。N3为RAN和UPF网元之间的连接。N4为SMF网元和UPF网元之间的连接,用于传递SMF网元和UPF网元之间的控制信令。N6为UPF网元和DN之间的连接。
此外,核心网功能或实体还可以包括策略控制(policy control function,PCF)网元,主要支持提供统一的策略框架来控制网络行为,提供策略规则给控制层网络功能,同时负责获取与策略决策相关的用户签约信息。应用功能(application function,AF)网元:主要支持与第三代合作伙伴计划(the 3rd generation partner project,3GPP)核心网交互来提供服务,例如影响数据路由决策,策略控制或者向网络侧提供第三方的一些服务。网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function,NSSF)网元,主要用于进行网络切片选择。认证服务器(authentication server function,AUSF)网元:主要提供认证和鉴权功能。统一数据管理(unified data management,UDM),可以用于进行位置管理和订阅管理。
值得说明的是,AF与应用服务器(application server,AS)可以合设,AF与核心网的控制面交互,AS与用户面功能网元或终端设备交互。AF与AS之间的信息通常认为是共享的,例如AF获知UE的某种数据传输需求,无需额外步骤告知AS,即认为AS获知这种需求。本发明中所述的应用网元,具体可以指AF和/或AS。
系统架构中的接口和连接可以包括:N5、N7、N8、N9、N10、N11、N12、N13、N14、N15和N22。其中,N5为PCF网元和AF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递PCF网元和AF网元之间的控制信令;N7为SMF网元和PCF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递SMF网元和PCF网元之间的控制信令;N8为AMF网元和UDM网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递AMF网元和UDM网元之间的控制信令;N10为UDM网元和SMF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递UDM网元和SMF网元之间的控制信令;N11为AMF网元和SMF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递AMF网元和SMF网元之间的控制信令;N12为AMF网元和AUSF网元之间的控制面连接;N13为AUSF网元和UDM网元之间的控制面连接;N15为AMF网元和PCF网元之间的控制面连接,用于传递SMF网元和UPF网元之间的控制信令;N22为NSSF网元和AMF网元之间的控制面连接。
以上介绍了5G网络的系统架构和3GPP网络在报文传输系统中的系统架构,但可以理解的是,5G网络中的一些网元在功能上与4G网络中的网元是可以对应的,例如:图2对 应的网络架构中的SMF网元可以对应于4G网络中的分组数据网络网关控制面(packet data network gateway-control,PGW-C)或服务网关控制面(serving gateway-control,SGW-C)等;图2对应的网络架构中的UPF网元可以对应于4G网络中的分组数据网络网关用户面(packet data network gateway-userl,PGW-U)或服务网关控制面(serving gateway-user,SGW-U)等;图2对应的网络架构中的PCF网元可以对应于4G网络中的策略与计费规则功能(policy and charging rules function,PCRF);图2对应的网络架构中的AMF网元可以对应于4G网络中的移动性管理实体(mobility management entity,MME);而图2对应的网络架构中的NEF网元也可以对应于4G网络中的业务能力开放单元(service capability exposure function,SCEF);图2对应的网络架构中的DN对应于4G网络中的分组数据网络(packet data network,PDN)。
需说明的是,本申请所提供的报文处理的方法,除了可以应用于上述4G网络、5G网络的网络架构以外,在实际应用中,还可以应用于未来出现的6G网络、通信系统等等,此处不做限定说明。
为了便于更好的理解本申请,请参阅图3,为本申请实施例提供的一种报文处理的方法的示意图,具体如下:
301、终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议,第一网元和第二网元相同或不相同。
示例中,终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,通常至少存在以下几种情况:
第一种:在第一网元与第二网元均为应用网元时,终端设备可以与应用网元,建立起第一传输层协议与第二传输层协议。后续图5中将针对终端设备与应用网元之间的信息交互过程做具体介绍,此处不做赘述。
第二种:在第一网元与第二网元均为用户面功能网元时,终端设备可以与用户面功能网元,建立起第一传输层协议与第二传输层协议。后续图6中将针对终端设备与用户面功能网元之间的信息交互过程做具体介绍,此处不做赘述。
第三种:在第一网元为用户面功能网元、第二网元为应用网元时,终端设备可以与用户面功能网元建立起第一传输层协议,以及与应用网元建立起第二传输层协议。后续图7中将针对终端设备、用户面功能网元、以及应用网元之间的信息交互过程做具体介绍,此处不做赘述。
第四种:在第一网元为应用网元、第二网元为用户面功能网元时,终端设备可以与建立起第一传输层协议,以及与用户面功能网元建立起第二传输层协议。这种情况与上述第三种情况类似,区别之处在图7中补充说明。
此外,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议。也就是说,上述的第一传输层协议可以理解成可靠的传输层协议,即第一传输层协议可以具备较高的可靠性,例如:TCP、流控制传输协议(stream control transmission protocol,SCTP)等;第二传输层协议可以理解成非可靠的传输层协议,例如:UDP、数据拥塞控制协议(datagram congestion  control protocol,DCCP)等,此处不做限定说明。
302、终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流。
示例中,由于应用网元存储有相应的数据流,因此终端设备需要基于数据流播放相应的数据时,可以向应用网元发送数据流请求,使得该应用网元能够基于该数据流请求确定到相应的数据流后,通过以数据报文的形式反馈至终端设备。需说明的是,上述的数据流请求可以包括但不限于视频流、图像流相应的请求,此处不做限定。
303、终端设备接收通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,第一报文为数据流中的关键报文,第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文。
示例中,上述的第一报文为数据流中的关键报文可以理解成,在该数据流中,该关键报文是可以被独立解码的数据报文,例如:基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的I帧、分层编码技术中的基本层等;也可以理解成在有些情况下,虽然不能独立解码、但对传输可靠性的要求较高的数据报文,例如基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的B/P帧等。因此,在建立起可靠性较高的第一传输层协议后,终端设备可以接收通过该第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,进而保证第一报文能够在可靠的环境下传输。
同样地,上述的第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文可以理解成,在与第一报文所在的同一个数据流中,需要依赖于同一数据流中的关键报文才能解码的数据报文,例如:基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的B/P帧、分层编码技术中的增强层等,或者,也可以理解成虽然能够独立解码、但对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文,例如基于I/B/P帧编码技术中的I帧等。因此,在建立起可靠性低的第二传输层协议后,终端设备可以接收通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,进而保证第二报文的传输不会占用可靠性要求较高的第一传输协议。需要注意的是,以上举例仅作为说明,例子中尽管每个I帧或B/P帧都可以被定义为关键报文或非关键报文,但是同一报文不能同时作为关键报文和非关键报文。
换言之,本发明中的“关键报文”和“非关键报文”是由报文传输的可靠性需求决定的,而非解码时的相互依赖性。
值得注意的是,一帧数据可以对应多个数据报文,多帧数据也可以对应着一个数据报文,此处不做限定。
此外,还需说明的是,终端设备接收通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,可以对应步骤301中所描述的四种情况:
第一种:终端设备接收应用网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收应用网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,具体参见后续图5;
第二种:终端设备接收用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收用户面功能网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,具体参见后续图6;
第三种:终端设备接收用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收应用网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,具体参见后续图7;
第四种:终端设备接收应用网元通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收用户面功能网元通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,具体参见对图7的说明部分。
可选的,在另一些示例中,上述的第一报文可以包括第一解码单元标识,第二报文可以包括第二解码单元标识。其中,第一解码单元标识能够标识出该第一报文所位于的解码单元,以及第二解码单元能够标识出该第二报文所位于的解码单元。
需说明的是,所描述的解码单元可以理解成:解码单元是内部数据报文之间互相依赖的最小单元,不同解码单元之间的数据报文在解码时互相不依赖。例如:解码单元可以是I/B/P帧编码技术中的GOP等。此外,上述的第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识可以相同,也可以不相同。在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同时,表明第一报文与第二报文是来自于同一个数据流中的同一个解码单元。在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同时,表明第一报文与第二报文是来自于同一个数据流中的不同解码单元。
需要说明的是,解码单元标识可以添加于任意支持扩展的协议层。例如,可以在应用层、传输层、IP层等扩展。一种可能的实施方式是,应用网元在RTP扩展头添加长度为16bit的解码单元标识,按时间顺序第一个标记的解码单元标识为0x0000,往后每个解码单元递增0x1。本发明不限定解码单元标识的具体实现方式。
304、终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文。
该示例中,终端设备在接收到通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文、以及接收通过第二传输层协议发送的第二报文之后,便可以对该第一报文和第二报文进行解码,进而得到相应的数据流信息了。
可选的,在一些示例中,终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文,可以参照下述方式理解,即:终端设备确定接收第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收第二报文的第二时刻;然后,终端设备根据第一时刻、第二时刻、第一解码单元标识以及第二解码单元标识,解码第一报文和第二报文。
实施例中,由于第一解码单元标识能够标识出该第一报文所位于的解码单元,以及第二解码单元能够标识出该第二报文所位于的解码单元。并且,针对同一个解码单元来说,第二报文的解码是可能会依赖于第一报文的解码的。因此,终端设备还需要确定出接收该第一报文时的第一时刻、以及确定出接收该第二报文时的第二时刻,进而保证后续解码第二报文的过程中不会出现解码错误的情况。需说明,上述的第一时刻理解成该第一报文到达至终端设备的时刻,第二时刻为该第二报文到达至终端设备的时刻。
这样,终端设备在确定出第一时刻和第二时刻,能够结合第一解码单元标识和第二解码单元标识,解码第一报文和第二报文。
需说明,终端设备基于第一时刻、第二时刻、第一解码单元标识以及第二解码单元标识,解码第一报文和第二报文的方式,具体可以包括以下四种情形:
①、第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻。
在该示例中,若终端设备在接收到第一报文和第二报文后,通过确定出该第一报文中包含第一解码单元标识,以及确定出该第二报文中包含第二解码单元标识。然后,终端设备再比较该第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识是否相同。
如果第一解码单元标识和第二解码单元标识相同,那么就可以确定出第一报文与第二报文是来自于同一个解码单元。这样,终端设备进一步地确定从第一网元中接收的第一报 文的第一时刻,以及从第二网元中接收的第二报文的第二时刻;再比较第一时刻与第二时刻的早晚。
如果第一时刻晚于第二时刻,就说明终端设备先接收了第二报文,后接收第一报文;也反映出先接收到的第二报文可能会因为没有第一报文的存在,出现解码失败的情况。因此,在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻的情形中,终端设备应当先缓存第二报文,直到接收到通过第一传输层协议发送的第一报文后,对该第一报文解码,并对所缓存的第二报文解码,避免了解码时第二报文出现错误解码的情况。
举例来说,终端设备先后接收到的报文依次为:报文1(对应解码单元A,对应第二报文)、报文2(对应解码单元A,对应第一报文)、报文3(对应解码单元A,对应第二报文)。那么,终端设备判断报文1、报文2以及报文3位于同一个解码单元A后,在判断出接收到报文2的时刻晚于接收报文1的时刻之后,可以先缓存报文1,然后再等待接收了报文2之后,再解码报文1,然后解码报文3。
需说明,此处仅以报文1~报文3为例进行说明,在实际应用中,数据流中还可以包括报文4、报文5等多个报文,此处不做限定。
需要说明的是,①还可以描述为,对于某解码单元,当终端设备先于关键报文接收到非关键报文时,终端设备需要缓存该非关键报文,直到接收到关键报文。
②、第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻。
在该示例中,终端设备基于与上述①相同的比较方式,在确定出第一时刻早于第二时刻时,就说明终端设备先接收了第一报文,后接收第二报文;也反映出后接收到的第二报文不会因为没有第一报文的存在,而出现解码失败的情况。因此,在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻的情形中,终端设备可以解码第一报文后,基于该第一报文对该第二报文解码,保障了解码时报文不出现错误的情况。
举例来说,终端设备先后接收到的报文依次为:报文1(对应解码单元A,对应第一报文)、报文2(对应解码单元A,对应第二报文)、报文3(对应解码单元A,对应第二报文)。那么,终端设备在判断报文1、报文2以及报文3位于同一个解码单元A之后,可以先解码报文1,并在解码该报文1之后,再基于该报文1解码报文2、报文3。此处仅仅是一个示例性的描述,在实际应用中,不做限定说明。
③、第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻。
在该示例中,由于不同解码单元之间的报文在解码时互相不依赖。并且,在终端设备确定出第一报文中的第一解码单元标识,与第二报文中的第二解码单元标识不相同时,则说明了该第一报文所位于的解码单元,与第二报文所位于的解码单元并不相同。也就是说,终端设备所接收到的第一报文与第二报文在解码时,并不依赖彼此。
因此,在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻晚于第二时刻的情形中,一方面,终端设备也可以缓存第二报文后,直到接收到与第二报文存在相同的第二解码单元标识的第三报文(可以为关键报文),再对该第三报文解码,并对该第二报文解码。另一方面,终端设备也可以解码第一报文,然后等待接收与第一报文存在相同的第一解码单元标识的第四报文(可以为非关键报文)。
比如说,终端设备先后接收到的数据报文依次为:报文1(对应解码单元A,对应第二报文)、报文2(对应解码单元B,对应第一报文)、报文3(对应解码单元A,对应第一报文)。那么,终端设备在判断报文1和报文3,与报文2并不是位于同一个解码单元A之后,
一方面,终端设备可以对解码单元A中的报文1和报文3做解码处理,具体解码的过程可以参照上述①的情况进行理解,此处不做赘述。另一方面,终端设备可以对解码单元B中的报文2做解码处理。
④、第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻。
基于与上述③相同的理由,终端设备所接收到的第一报文与第二报文在解码时,并不依赖彼此。因此,在第一解码单元标识与第二解码单元标识不相同,第一时刻早于第二时刻的情形中,一方面,终端设备也可以解码第一报文,然后等待接收与第一报文存在相同的第一解码单元标识的第三报文(可以为非关键报文)。另一方面,终端设备也可以缓存第二报文后,直到接收到与第二报文存在相同的第二解码单元标识的第四报文(可以为关键报文),再对该第四报文解码,并对该第二报文解码。
对于情况③或④,还存在另一种实现的可能。当终端设备识别出第一解码单元标识和第二解码单元标识不同后,由于属于不同解码单元的报文,解码时不存在相互依赖的关系,因此对第一报文(包含第一解码单元标识)和第二报文(包含第二解码单元标识),不会比较第一时刻和第二时刻的早晚顺序。
此外,进一步说明的是,如果第一报文与第二报文中均没有包含可以识别的报文标识时,终端设备也可以自己判断所接收到的报文是第一报文还是第二报文,例如根据报文的大小,此处不做限定说明。
在本申请实施例中,终端设备接收通过可靠的传输层协议发送的第一报文(关键报文),以及接收通过非可靠的传输层协议发送的第二报文(非关键报文),并解码第一报文和第二报文,得到相应的数据流信息,使得能够利用传输层的差异化处理数据报文,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
请参阅图4,为本申请实施例中提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图。从图4可知,该报文处理的方法可以应用于用户面功能网元,具体如下:
401、用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议。
需说明,此处的第一传输层协议、第二传输层协议可以参照上述图3中所描述的内容理解,此处不做赘述。
402、用户面功能网元识别数据报文的类型,数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,第一报文为关键报文,第二报文为非关键报文。
该示例中,数据报文的类型可以为第一报文或第二报文,而且第一报文为数据流中的关键报文,第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文。因此,在用户面功能网元接收到应用网元发送的数据报文之后,需要对该数据报文的类型进行识别。如果该数据报文的类型为第一报文,那么用户面功能网元则可以通过可靠性较高的第一传输层协议,向终端设备发送该 第一报文。如果该数据报文的类型为第二报文,那么用户面功能网元则可以通过可靠性较低的第二传输层协议,向终端设备发送该第二报文。
可选的,上述的第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
需说明,此处的第一解码单元标识、第二解码单元标识,具体可以参照前述图3中的步骤303中的内容进行理解,此处不做赘述。
403、用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文。
实施例中,由于第一传输层协议的可靠性较高,可以用于传输能够独立解码的、或不能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文,而第一报文是能够独立解码或对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文。因此,用户面功能网元在识别数据报文的类型,并判断出数据报文的类型属于第一报文时,可以基于第一传输层协议向终端设备发送该第一报文。
另一方面,由于第二传输层协议的可靠性较低,可以用于传输不能独立解码的、或能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文,而第二报文是不能够独立解码或对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文。因此,用户面功能网元在识别数据报文的类型,并判断出数据报文的类型属于第二报文时,可以基于第二传输层协议向终端设备发送该第二报文。这样,终端设备便可以分别通过第一传输层协议接收到第一报文、以及通过第二传输层协议接收到第二报文了。
需要说明的是,本步骤包含以下两个动作:基于第一传输层协议向终端设备发送该第一报文,基于第二传输层协议向终端设备发送该第二报文。这两个动作可以执行其中任何一个,或两者均执行,但是至少要执行一种。具体的动作执行,可以取决于终端设备与用户面功能网元之间、用户面功能网元与应用网元之间,以及终端设备与应用网元之间的传输层协议建立情况。
可选的,在另一些实施例中,在步骤403之前,用户面功能网元还可以先执行:在第一报文中扩展第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中扩展第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些实施例中,在步骤403之前,用户面功能网元也还可以先执行:用户面功能网元检测第一报文中是否包含第一解码单元标识,以及检测第二报文中是否包含第二解码单元标识;在第一报文不包含第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中不包含第二解码单元标识时,执行上述扩展解码单元标识的动作。
需要理解的是,在识别出第一报文没有包括相应的第一解码单元标识,在第二报文没有包含第二解码单元标识的时候,那么该用户面功能网元接收到的数据报文是不包含解码单元标识的报文。因此,用户面功能网元可以在基于第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,以及基于第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文之前,还可以先确认第一报文中没有第一解码单元标识和第二报文中不包含第二解码单元标识的时候,给相应的第一报文添加第一解码单元标识,以及给相应的第二报文添加第二解码单元标识。
需要理解的是,在需要用户面功能网元为报文添加解码单元标识的情况下,用户面功能网元应具备确定报文所在的解码单元的功能。实现上述功能的一种可能的方案是:当用户面功能网元检测到关键报文时,则用户面功能网元确定该报文对应新的解码单元;检测 到非关键报文时,则确定该报文对应于上一个检测到的关键报文属于同一解码单元。需要说明的是,该方案仅作为举例,确定解码单元的方法不限于此。
可选的,在另一些示例中,在执行步骤402~403之前,该用户面功能网元还可以先执行如下步骤,即:
用户面功能网元接收会话管理网元发送的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元根据所述数据报文的类型发送所述数据报文。具体的,当所述数据报文为第一报文时,所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或当所述数据报文为第二报文时,所述用户面功能网元通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
在本申请实施例中,用户面功能网元在接收到应用网元发送的数据报文,并对该数据报文进行识别后,通过可靠的传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文(关键报文),以及通过非可靠的传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文(非关键报文),实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
上述图3主要从终端设备的角度,描述了基于第一传输层协议接收第一报文和基于第二传输层协议接收第二报文的过程;以及图4主要从用户面功能网元的角度,描述了通过第一传输层协议发送第一报文和通过第二传输层协议发送第二报文的过程。另外,从上述图3中的步骤303可知,终端设备通过第一传输层协议接收的第一报文、以及通过第二传输层协议接收的第二报文可以包括以下四种情况:
第一种:终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文;
第二种:终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文;
第三种:终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议,接收第一报文,与应用网元建立第二传输层协议,接收第二报文;
第四种:终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议,接收第一报文,与用户面功能网元建立第二传输层协议,接收第二报文。
其中第三种和第四种情况类似,因此,针对上述前三种情况,将分别以不同的实施例做出详细的介绍。对于第四种情况,则在第三种情况对应的实施例中,将区别于第三种情况之处进行说明,不单独附图。
(一)、针对上述的第一种情况:终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文。
请参阅图5,为本申请实施例中提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图。从图4可以看出,所描述的报文处理的方法可以包括如下步骤:
501、协议数据单元(protocol data unit,PDU)会话建立流程。
需理解,此处的应用网元可以是AS,此处不做限定说明。
502、终端设备向应用网元发送传输建立请求,传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议和第 二传输层协议。
需说明,在实际应用中,终端设备也可以向应用网元发送两个传输建立请求,使得每个传输建立请求中包括一个传输层协议。例如说,终端设备向应用网元发送第一传输建立请求和第二传输建立请求,其中,第一传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议,第二传输建立请求包括第二传输层协议。此处仅以一个传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议为例进行说明。
503、终端设备与应用网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及建立第二传输层协议。
需说明的是,上述步骤501-503不是本申请中要讨论的内容,所以在本申请中不做展开介绍,此处不做赘述说明。
504、终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流。
示例中,步骤504可以参照上述图3中的步骤302进行理解,此处不做赘述。
505、应用网元基于数据流请求确定相应的数据流。
该示例中,由于应用网元存储有与数据流相应的数据报文,或可以从其他应用网元获取所述数据报文,例如从部署位置更集中、容量更大的AS获取所述数据报文。因此应用网元在接收到终端设备发送的数据流请求后,便可以确定出相应的数据流。
可选的,在另一些示例中,应用网元在确定出数据流后,可以对该数据流中的第一报文添加第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中添加第二解码单元标识。具体可以参照上述图3中的步骤303进行描述,此处不做赘述。
506、应用网元通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文,其中,第一报文为数据流中的关键报文,第二报文为数据流中的非关键报文,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议。
实施例中,由于第一传输层协议可以用于传输能够独立解码的、或不能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文,而第一报文是数据流中能够独立解码、或对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文。因此,应用网元可以通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文。同样地,由于第二传输层协议可以用于传输不能独立解码的、或能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文,而第二报文是不能够独立解码的、或对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文。因此,应用网元可以通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文。
此外,在另一些示例中,应用网元在通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文之前,还可以判断该数据流中的数据报文的类型。然后,在确定出数据报文的类型属于第一报文时,通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送该第一报文;以及在确定出数据报文的类型属于第二报文时,通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送该第二报文。
507、终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文。
需说明,步骤507可以参照前述图3中的步骤304进行理解,此处不做赘述说明。
在本申请实施例中,通过在终端设备和应用网元之间建立可靠的传输层协议和非可靠的传输层协议,并由应用网元对数据报文进行检测,判断该报文属于第一报文(关键报文)、和第二报文(非关键报文),并将第一报文用可靠的传输层协议发送,将第二报文通过非可 靠的传输层协议发送,从而利用传输层的差异化处理,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
上述图5主要针对前述的第一种情况(即,终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文)进行了描述。下面将针对上述的第二种情况进行描述,即:
(二)、针对上述的第二种情况:终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文。
请参阅图6,为本申请实施例中提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图。从图6可以看出,所描述的报文处理的方法可以包括如下步骤:
601、应用网元向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,差异化传输请求用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求。
实施例中,差异化传输请求用于反映出后续终端设备向应用网元请求的数据流,需要进行传输层差异化处理,即:需要将可以独立解码的数据报文、或不能独立解码但对传输可靠性需求较高的数据报文通过第一传输层协议来传输,以及将不可以独立解码的数据报文、或能独立解码但对传输可靠性需求较低的数据报文通过第二传输层协议来传输。
另外,在实际应用中,该差异化传输请求中还可以包括媒体流描述信息。
602、策略控制网元基于差异化传输请求,向会话管理网元发送第二信息,第二信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求。
实施例中,该第二信息中用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求。换言之,该第二信息可以表明后续终端设备向应用网元请求的数据流,需要进行传输层差异化处理。具体地,策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送第二信息,可以在不同的流程中通过信令的方式进行,例如:
方式一:在会话建立流程中,会话管理网元首先向策略控制网元发送Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Create Request消息请求策略。然后,策略控制网元在Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Create Response消息中携带有授权信息的第二响应信息。
方式二:在会话修改流程中,策略控制网元可以在接收到应用网元发送的差异化传输请求后,向会话管理网元发起会话修改流程。这样,策略控制网元在Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update Notify Request消息中携带有授权信息的第二响应信息。
需说明,策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送第二信息的方式,除了上述方式一和方式二以外,在实际应用中还可以包括其他的方式,此处不做限定说明。另外,在实际应用中,该第二信息中还可以包括媒体流描述信息。
603、会话管理网元向用户面功能网元发送第一信息,第一信息用于指示用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,第一报文为关键报文,第二报文为非关键报文,以及指示用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送第二报文,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议。
示例中,用户面功能网元在接收到第一信息后,就相当于会话管理网元告知了该用户 面功能网元需要执行检测应用网元下发的数据报文,即检测该数据报文的类型是第一报文还是第二报文。并且,还需要在数据报文的类型为第一报文时,通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送该第一报文;以及,在数据报文的类型为第二报文时,通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文。
需说明,会话管理网元向用户面功能网元发送第一信息,可以通过发送N4 Session Establishment Request或N4 Session Modification Request的方式来发送,具体此处不做限定。
此外,在另一示例中,用户面功能网元在接收到第一信息后,还可以向会话管理网元反馈响应消息。具体地,可以通过N4 Session Establishment Response或N4 Session Modification Response消息的方式反馈。
会话管理网元向终端设备发送非接入层(non-access stratum,NAS)消息,该NAS消息包含用户面功能网元的网际互连协议(internet protocol,IP)地址等信息,以指示终端设备确定出用户面功能网元。
604、终端设备向用户面功能网元发送传输建立请求,传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议。
与502类似,在实际应用中,终端设备也可以向用户面功能网元发送两个传输建立请求,每个传输建立请求中包括一个传输层协议。此处仅以一个传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议为例进行说明。
605、终端设备与用户面功能网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及建立第二传输层协议。
606、用户面功能网元向应用网元发送传输建立请求,传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议。
607、应用网元与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议。
需说明的是,上述步骤604-605与步骤606-607的执行没有先后顺序,在本申请仅以先执行步骤604-605,后执行步骤606-607为例作为介绍,在本申请中不做限定。
608、终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,用于获取相应的数据流。
609、应用网元基于数据流请求确定相应的数据流。
示例中,步骤608-609可以参照上述图5中的步骤504-505进行理解,此处不做赘述。
需说明的是,应用网元在执行后续的步骤610之前,还可以在数据流的数据报文中添加标识,即执行如下步骤S61:在第一报文中扩展第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中扩展第二解码单元标识。具体地,针对同一个解码单元,应用网元可以添加相同的标识,使得位于同一个解码单元中的第一报文与第二报文可以使用相同解码单元的标识。针对不相同的解码单元,应用网元可以添加不同的标识,例如:解码单元A和解码单元B,那么用户面功能网元可以为解码单元A添加一个标识,为解码单元B添加另一个标识,进而使得解码单元A中的第一报文和第二报文的标识,与解码单元B中的第一报文和第二报文的标识不相同,便于后续终端设备解码过程中,依据同一个解码单元中的第一报文解码第二报文,使解码过程中出现较低的错误率。
610、应用网元基于第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议向用户面功能网元发送数据报 文,数据报文中的第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,数据报文中的第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
实施例中,应用网元在确定出相应的数据报文之后,便可以通过前述所创建的连接,通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议向用户面功能网元发送数据报文。这样,用户面功能网元在得到数据报文后,便可以对该数据报文做检测并传输。
611、用户面功能网元识别数据报文的类型,数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文。
612、用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文。
实施例中,由于第一传输层协议可以用于传输能够独立解码的、或不能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文,而第一报文是能够独立解码或对传输可靠性要求较高的数据报文。因此,用户面功能网元在识别数据报文的类型,并判断出数据报文的类型属于第一报文时,可以基于第一传输层协议向终端设备发送该第一报文。
另一方面,由于第二传输层协议可以用于传输不能独立解码的、或能独立解码但对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文,而第二报文是不能够独立解码或对传输可靠性要求较低的数据报文。因此,用户面功能网元在识别数据报文的类型,并判断出数据报文的类型属于第二报文时,可以基于第二传输层协议向终端设备发送该第二报文。这样,终端设备便可以分别通过第一传输层协议接收到第一报文、以及通过第二传输层协议接收到第二报文了。
可选的,在另一些实施例中,在步骤612之前,用户面功能网元还可以先执行如下步骤:用户面功能网元在第一报文中扩展第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中扩展第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些实施例中,在步骤612之前,用户面功能网元也还可以先执行如下步骤:用户面功能网元检测第一报文中是否包含第一解码单元标识,以及检测第二报文中是否包含第二解码单元标识;在第一报文不包含第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中不包含第二解码单元标识时,用户面功能网元在第一报文中扩展第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中扩展第二解码单元标识。
需要理解的是,在应用网元没有执行前述的步骤S61的时候,用户面功能网元接收到的数据报文是没有被添加过标识的报文。因此,用户面功能网元可以在基于第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文,以及基于第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文之前,还可以先确认第一报文中没有第一解码单元标识和第二报文中没有第二解码单元标识的时候,给相应的第一报文添加第一解码单元标识,以及给相应的第二报文添加第二解码单元标识。
具体地,针对同一个解码单元,用户面功能网元可以添加相同的标识,使得位于同一个解码单元中的第一报文与第二报文可以使用相同解码单元的标识。针对不相同的解码单元,用户面功能网元可以添加不同的标识,例如:解码单元A和解码单元B,那么用户面功能网元可以为解码单元A添加一个标识,为解码单元B添加另一个标识,进而使得解码单元A中的第一报文和第二报文的标识,与解码单元B中的第一报文和第二报文的标识不相同,便于后续终端设备解码过程中,依据同一个解码单元中的第一报文解码第二报文,使解码过程中出现较低的错误率。
另外,用户面功能网元在步骤612中,也可以向终端设备发送第一报文时,携带上前述的第一解码单元标识;以及,向终端设备发送第二报文时,携带上前述的第二解码单元标识。
613、终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文。
需说明,步骤613可以参照前述图3中的步骤304进行理解,此处不做赘述说明。
在本申请实施例中,通过在终端设备和用户面功能网元之间建立可靠的传输层协议和非可靠的传输层协议,并由用户面功能网元在转发应用网元下发的数据报文之前,先检测数据报文属于第一报文(关键报文)还是第二报文(非关键报文),将第一报文用可靠的传输层协议发送,以及将第二报文通过非可靠的传输层协议发送,从而利用传输层的差异化处理,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
上述图5主要针对前述的第一种情况(即,终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文)进行了描述,以及图6主要针对前述的第二种情况(即,终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议和第二传输层协议,接收第一报文和第二报文)。下面将针对上述的第三种情况进行描述,即:
(三)、针对上述的第三种情况:终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议,接收第一报文,与应用网元建立第二传输层协议,接收第二报文。
需要注意的是,上述的第四种情况(即,终端设备与应用网元建立第一传输层协议,接收第一报文,与用户面功能网元建立第二传输层协议,接收第二报文),与第三种情况类似,因此仅在这部分的文字描述中说明与第三种情况不同的部分,不单独列举为另一实施例。
图7为本申请实施例中提供的另一种报文处理的方法的示意图。从图7可以看出,所描述的报文处理的方法可以包括如下步骤:
701、应用网元向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,差异化传输请求用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求。
702、策略控制网元基于差异化传输请求,向会话管理网元发送第二信息,第二信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求。
703、会话管理网元向用户面功能网元发送第一信息,第一信息用于指示用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,以及指示用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送第一报文,或通过第二传输层协议发送第二报文,第一传输层协议的可靠性高于第二传输层协议。
实施例中,步骤701-703可以参照上述图6中的步骤601-603进行理解,此处不做赘述。
会话管理网元向终端设备发送NAS消息,该NAS消息包含用户面功能网元的IP地址等信息,以指示终端设备确定出用户面功能网元。
704、终端设备向用户面功能网元发送传输建立请求,传输建立请求包括第一传输层协议。
705、终端设备与用户面功能网元建立第一传输层协议。
706、终端设备向应用网元发送传输建立请求,传输建立请求包括第二传输层协议。
707、终端设备与应用网元建立第二传输层协议。
需要说明的是,对于前述第四种情况,步骤704-705中的传输建立请求应当包括第二传输层协议,步骤706-707中的传输建立请求应当包括第一传输层协议。
此外,上述步骤704-705与步骤706-707的执行没有先后顺序,在本申请仅以先执行步骤704-705,后执行步骤706-707为例作为介绍,在本申请中不做限定。
708、终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流。
709、应用网元基于数据流请求确定相应的数据流。
示例中,步骤708-709可以参照上述图6中的步骤608-609进行理解,此处不做赘述。
710、应用网元基于第二传输层协议发送数据报文,数据报文中的第一报文可以包含第一解码单元标识,数据报文中的第二报文可以包含第二解码单元标识。
实施例中,应用网元在确定出相应的数据报文之后,便可以通过第二传输层协议发送数据报文。
需要说明的是,对于所述第四种情况,本步骤使用的是第一传输层协议。
711、用户面功能网元识别数据报文的类型,数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,第一报文为关键报文,第二报文为非关键报文;
实施例中,数据报文的类型可以为第一报文或第二报文。而且从步骤705可知,终端设备与用户面功能网元之间建立了第一传输层协议,用于满足传输第一报文的需求。因此,在用户面功能网元接收到应用网元发送的数据报文之后,需要对该数据报文的类型进行识别。如果该数据报文的类型为第一报文,那么用户面功能网元执行后续的步骤712。如果该数据报文的类型为第二报文,那么用户面功能网元不改变该第二报文的发送方式,进而由应用网元通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送该第二报文(参见后续步骤713)。
712、用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议向终端设备发送第一报文。
可选的,在另一些实施例中,在步骤712之前,用户面功能网元还可以先执行如下步骤:
步骤S72:用户面功能网元检测第一报文中是否包含第一解码单元标识,以及检测第二报文中是否包含第二解码单元标识。
步骤S73:在第一报文不包含第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中不包含第二解码单元标识时,用户面功能网元在第一报文中扩展第一解码单元标识,以及在第二报文中扩展第二解码单元标识。
此处的步骤S72-S73可以参照上述图6进行理解,此处不做赘述。
另外,用户面功能网元在步骤712中,也可以向终端设备发送第一报文时,携带上前述的第一解码单元标识。
713、继续通过第二传输层协议向终端设备发送第二报文。
需要说明的是,对于所述第四种情况,步骤711-713中,用户面功能网元对检测到的第二报文,通过第二传输层协议发送给终端设备,对检测到的第一报文,不改变发送方式,继续通过第一传输层协议发送给终端设备。
714、终端设备解码第一报文和第二报文。
需说明,步骤714可以参照前述图3中的步骤304进行理解,此处不做赘述说明。
值得说明的是,图7与图6中所描述的报文处理的方法的区别在于:以第三种情况为例,由于前述步骤705仅基于第一传输层协议建立起用户面功能网元与终端设备之间的连接,因此,用户面功能网元在基于第二传输层协议接收到应用网元发送的数据报文,并判断出该数据属于第一报文还是第二报文后,可以将第一报文转到第一传输层协议发送至终端设备。并且,用户面功能网元不改变第二报文的发送方式,由应用网元继续通过原来的第二传输层协议发送至终端设备。通过上述的方式,提供了多种差异化传输报文的可选方式,丰富了传输场景。
在本申请实施例中,通过在终端设备和用户面功能网元之间建立可靠的传输层协议和非可靠的传输层协议,并由用户面功能网元在转发应用网元下发的数据报文之前,先检测数据报文属于第一报文(关键报文)还是第二报文(非关键报文),将第一报文用可靠的传输层协议发送,并且由应用网元将第二报文通过非可靠的传输层协议发送,从而利用传输层的差异化处理,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
可以理解的是,上述终端设备、应用网元、用户面功能网元以及会话管理网元为了实现上述功能,其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的模块及算法步骤,本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
从硬件结构上来描述,终端设备、应用网元、用户面功能网元以及会话管理网元可以由一个实体设备实现,也可以由多个实体设备共同实现,还可以是一个实体设备内的一个逻辑功能模块,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
例如,图8所示为本申请实施例提供的计算机设备的硬件结构示意图。包括:通信接口801和处理器802,还可以包括存储器803。
通信接口801可以使用任何收发器一类的装置,用于与其他设备或通信网络通信,如以太网,无线接入网(radio access network,RAN),无线局域网(wireless local area networks,WLAN)等。
处理器802包括但不限于中央处理器(central processing unit,CPU),网络处理器(network processor,NP),专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC)或者可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device,PLD)中的一个或多个。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD),现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA),通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic,GAL)或其任意组合。处理器802负责通信线路804和通常的处理,还可以提供各种功能,包括定时,外围接口,电压调节,电源管理以及其他控制功能。存储器803可以用于存储处理器802在执行操作时所使用的数据。
存储器803可以是只读存储器(read-only memory,ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的 其他类型的静态存储设备,随机存取存储器(random access memory,RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备,也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically er服务器able programmable read-only memory,EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory,CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质,但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在,通过通信线路804与处理器802相连接。存储器803也可以和处理器802集成在一起。如果存储器803和处理器802是相互独立的器件,存储器803和处理器802相连,例如存储器803和处理器802可以通过通信线路804通信。通信接口801和处理器802可以通过通信线路804通信,通信接口801也可以与处理器802直连。
通信线路804可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,通信线路804将包括由处理器802代表的一个或多个处理器802和存储器803代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。通信线路804还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本申请不再对其进行进一步描述。
上述主要从实体功能的角度描述了本申请实施例中提供的终端设备、应用网元、用户面功能网元以及会话管理网元。从功能单元的角度,本申请可以根据上述方法实施例对终端设备、应用网元、用户面功能网元以及会话管理网元进行功能单元的划分,例如,可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元,也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个功能单元中。上述集成的功能单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
比如,以采用集成的方式划分各个功能单元的情况下,图9示出了本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。如图9所示,本申请的终端设备的一个实施例可以包括:
第一处理单元901,用于所述终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议,所述第一网元和所述第二网元相同或不相同;
第一发送单元902,用于向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;
第一接收单元903,用于接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文;
所述第一处理单元901,用于解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
可选的,在一些示例中,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一处理单元901,用于:
确定接收所述第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收所述第二报文的第二时刻;
根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一处理单元901,用于:
当所述第一解码单元标识与所述第二解码单元标识相同时,在所述第一时刻晚于所述 第二时刻时,缓存所述第二报文,并在接收到所述第一报文后,对所述第一报文和所述第二报文进行解码。
可选的,在另一些示例中,所述第一接收单元903,用于:
基于所述第一传输层协议,接收所述第一网元发送的第一报文;
基于所述第二传输层协议,接收所述第二网元发送的第二报文。
上述主要从功能单元的角度描述了本申请实施例中提供的终端设备。下面将从功能单元的角度描述本申请实施例中提供的应用网元。图10示出了本申请实施例提供的一种应用网元的结构示意图。如图10所示,本申请的应用网元的一个实施例可以包括:
第二接收单元1001,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;
第二处理单元1002,用于根据数据流请求确定相应的数据流;
第二发送单元1003,用于通过第一传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
图11示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种应用网元的结构示意图。如图11所示,本申请的应用网元的一个实施例可以包括:
第三接收单元1101,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,以用于获取相应的数据流;
第三处理单元1102,用于根据所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;
第三发送单元1103,用于发送第一报文和第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在一些示例中,所述第三发送单元1103,还用于:
向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,所述差异化传输请求用于表明所述数据流具有差异化传输需求。
上述主要从功能单元的角度描述了本申请实施例中提供的终端设备和应用网元。下面将从功能单元的角度描述本申请实施例中提供的用户面功能网元。图12示出了本申请实施例提供的一种用户面功能网元的结构示意图。如图12所示,本申请的用户面功能网元的一个实施例可以包括:
第四接收单元1201,用于通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议;
第四处理单元1202,用于识别所述数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文;
第四发送单元1203,用于通过所述第一传输层协议向终端设备发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送所述第二报文。
可选的,在一些示例中,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
可选的,在一些示例中,所述第四接收单元1201,还用于:
接收会话管理网元发送的第二信息,所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
上述主要从功能单元的角度描述了本申请实施例中提供的终端设备、应用网元以及用户面功能网元。下面将从功能单元的角度描述本申请实施例中提供的会话管理网元。图13示出了本申请实施例提供的一种会话管理网元的结构示意图。如图13所示,本申请的会话管理网元的一个实施例可以包括:
第五接收单元1301,用于接收策略控制网元的第一信息,所述第一信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求;
第五发送单元1302,用于向所述用户面功能网元发送第二信息,所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
在本申请实施例中,通过建立可靠的传输层协议和非可靠的传输层协议,并由应用网元和/或用户面功能网元对数据报文进行检测,判断该报文属于第一报文(关键报文)或第一报文(非关键报文),并将第一报文用可靠的传输层协议发送,将第二报文通过非可靠的传输层协议发送,从而利用传输层的差异化处理,实现了不同数据报文对传输可靠性的差异化需求。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统,装置和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统,装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,该单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
该作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
该集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可 以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例该方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
上述实施例,可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现,当使用软件实现时,可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机执行指令时,全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中,或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输,例如,计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质,(例如,软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如,DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如SSD))等。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种报文处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议,所述第一网元和所述第二网元相同或不相同;
    所述终端设备向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;
    所述终端设备接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文;
    所述终端设备解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述终端设备解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文,包括:
    所述终端设备确定接收所述第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收所述第二报文的第二时刻;
    所述终端设备根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述终端设备根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文,包括:
    当所述第一解码单元标识与所述第二解码单元标识相同时,在所述第一时刻晚于所述第二时刻时,所述终端设备缓存所述第二报文,并在接收到所述第一报文后,对所述第一报文和所述第二报文进行解码。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述终端设备接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,包括:
    所述终端设备基于所述第一传输层协议,接收所述第一网元发送的第一报文;
    所述终端设备基于所述第二传输层协议,接收所述第二网元发送的第二报文。
  6. 一种报文处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    应用网元接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,所述数据流请求用于获取相应的数据流;
    所述应用网元基于所述数据流请求确定相应的所述数据流;
    所述应用网元通过第一传输层协议发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议发送第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
  7. 一种报文处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    应用网元接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,所述数据流请求用于获取相应的数据流;
    所述应用网元基于所述数据流请求确定相应的数据流;
    所述应用网元发送第一报文和第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    所述应用网元向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,所述差异化传输请求用于表明所述数据流具有差异化传输需求。
  9. 一种报文处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议;
    所述用户面功能网元识别所述数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文;
    所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议向终端设备发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送所述第二报文。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  11. 根据权利要求9和10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    所述用户面功能网元接收会话管理网元发送的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
  12. 一种报文处理的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    会话管理网元接收策略控制网元的第二信息,所述第二信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求;
    会话管理网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  14. 一种终端设备,其特征在于,包括:
    第一处理单元,用于所述终端设备与第一网元之间建立第一传输层协议,以及与第二网元之间建立第二传输层协议,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议,所述第一网元和所述第二网元相同或不相同;
    第一发送单元,用于向应用网元发送数据流请求,以获取相应的数据流;
    第一接收单元,用于接收通过所述第一传输层协议发送的第一报文,以及接收通过所述第二传输层协议发送的第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文;
    所述第一处理单元,用于解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端设备,其特征在于,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的终端设备,其特征在于,所述第一处理单元,用于:
    确定接收所述第一报文的第一时刻、以及接收所述第二报文的第二时刻;
    根据所述第一时刻、所述第二时刻、所述第一解码单元标识以及所述第二解码单元标识,解码所述第一报文和所述第二报文。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的终端设备,其特征在于,所述第一处理单元,用于:
    当所述第一解码单元标识与所述第二解码单元标识相同时,在所述第一时刻晚于所述第二时刻时,缓存所述第二报文,并在接收到所述第一报文后,对所述第一报文和所述第二报文进行解码。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17中任一项所述的终端设备,其特征在于,所述第一接收单元,用于:
    基于所述第一传输层协议,接收所述第一网元发送的第一报文;
    基于所述第二传输层协议,接收所述第二网元发送的第二报文。
  19. 一种应用网元,其特征在于,包括:
    第二接收单元,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,所述数据流请求用于获取相应的数据流;
    第二处理单元,用于根据所述数据流请求确定相应的所述数据流;
    第三发送单元,用于通过第一传输层协议发送第一报文,以及通过第二传输层协议发送第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
  20. 一种应用网元,其特征在于,包括:
    第三接收单元,用于接收终端设备发送的数据流请求,所述数据流请求用于获取相应的数据流;
    第三处理单元,用于根据所述数据流请求确定相应的所述数据流;
    第三发送单元,用于发送第一报文和第二报文,其中,所述第一报文为所述数据流中的关键报文,所述第二报文为所述数据流中的非关键报文,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的应用网元,其特征在于,所述第三发送单元,还用于:
    向策略控制网元发送差异化传输请求,所述差异化传输请求用于表明所述数据流具有 差异化传输需求。
  22. 一种用户面功能网元,其特征在于,包括:
    第四接收单元,用于通过第一传输层协议或第二传输层协议,接收应用网元发送的数据报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议;
    第四处理单元,用于识别所述数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文;
    第四发送单元,用于通过所述第一传输层协议向终端设备发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议向所述终端设备发送所述第二报文。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的用户面功能网元,其特征在于,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  24. 根据权利要求22和23所述的用户面功能网元,其特征在于,所述第四接收单元,还用于:
    接收会话管理网元发送的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定所述数据报文的类型,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过所述第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过所述第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文。
  25. 一种会话管理网元,其特征在于,包括:
    第五接收单元,用于接收策略控制网元的第二信息,所述第二信息用于表明数据流具有差异化传输需求;
    第五发送单元,用于向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元确定数据报文的类型,所述数据报文的类型为第一报文或第二报文,所述第一报文为关键报文,所述第二报文为非关键报文,以及指示所述用户面功能网元通过第一传输层协议发送所述第一报文,和/或通过第二传输层协议发送所述第二报文,所述第一传输层协议的可靠性高于所述第二传输层协议。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的会话管理网元,其特征在于,所述第一报文包含第一解码单元标识,所述第二报文包含第二解码单元标识。
  27. 一种计算机设备,其特征在于,包括:
    存储器,用于存储计算机可读指令;
    还包括,与所述存储器耦合的处理器,用于执行所述存储器中的计算机可读指令从而执行如权利要求1至5、6、7至8、9至11、或12至13任一项所描述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,当指令在计算机装置上运行时,使得所述计算机装置执行如权利要求1至5、6、7至8、9至11、或12至13任一项所描述的方法。
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