WO2022158542A1 - 遮音装置 - Google Patents

遮音装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022158542A1
WO2022158542A1 PCT/JP2022/002062 JP2022002062W WO2022158542A1 WO 2022158542 A1 WO2022158542 A1 WO 2022158542A1 JP 2022002062 W JP2022002062 W JP 2022002062W WO 2022158542 A1 WO2022158542 A1 WO 2022158542A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass plate
plate structure
sound
sound insulation
vibration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/002062
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
順 秋山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Inc
Original Assignee
Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Priority to CN202280011172.1A priority Critical patent/CN116783646A/zh
Priority to JP2022576746A priority patent/JP7754110B2/ja
Priority to EP22742661.6A priority patent/EP4282709B1/en
Publication of WO2022158542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022158542A1/ja
Priority to US18/357,420 priority patent/US12293755B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/20—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3229—Transducers
    • G10K2210/32291—Plates or thin films, e.g. PVDF
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/512—Wide band, e.g. non-recurring signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/066—Loudspeakers using the principle of inertia

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sound insulation device.
  • Patent document 1 a vehicle interior noise reduction device that reduces noise in a vehicle interior by detecting the sound of a noise source generated from a vehicle tire or the like and outputting a sound in the opposite phase of the detected sound.
  • Patent document 1 a reference signal obtained by detecting the frequency of noise is output by a first microphone arranged in the vehicle interior, and according to this reference signal, the detected noise has the same amplitude and opposite amplitude.
  • a sound in phase is generated toward the interior of the vehicle as an antiphase sound (secondary sound) from a speaker arranged on the headrest.
  • the second microphone arranged near the speaker detects the residual noise in the vehicle interior and inputs the detected error signal to the control means.
  • the control means updates the coefficients of the adaptive filter using an adaptive algorithm so as to minimize the error signal, thereby controlling the anti-phase sound output from the speaker. ing.
  • the noise heard by the occupants in the vehicle interior is reduced by outputting the anti-phase sound of the noise from the speaker built into the headrest.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a sound insulation device and a sound insulation method capable of effectively reducing noise in a room by blocking noise in a wide frequency band including high frequency bands.
  • the present invention consists of the following configurations.
  • a glass plate structure including a plurality of laminated glass plates, including an intermediate layer between at least a pair of the glass plates among the glass plates, and partitioning an indoor space from an outdoor space; a vibration output unit fixed to the glass plate structure and vibrating the glass plate structure according to an input signal; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sound from a noise source or a vibration source that is correlated with the sound vibration induced in the glass plate structure and outputs a reference signal according to the detection result; a room sound detection unit that detects sound in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit having an adaptive filter that generates a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal so that the error signal is minimized, and that outputs the cancellation signal from the adaptive filter to the vibration output unit; Sound insulation with (2) A glass plate structure configured by stacking a plurality of glass plates, including an intermediate layer between at least a pair of the glass plates among the glass plates, and partitioning the indoor space from the outdoor space
  • a sound insulation method for vibrating according to a step of detecting sound from a noise source or a vibration source correlated with the sonic vibration induced in the glass plate structure, and outputting a reference signal according to the detection result; detecting sound in the indoor space and outputting an error signal according to the detection result; a step of generating an adaptive filter that minimizes the error signal of a cancel signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal, and vibrating the glass plate structure according to the cancel signal from the adaptive filter; sound insulation method.
  • the noise in a wide frequency band including high frequency bands can be cut off, and the indoor noise can be satisfactorily reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle to which a sound insulation device is applied;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle door to which a sound insulation device is applied;
  • FIG. It is a front view of a sound insulation device explaining a structure of a sound insulation device.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a vibration output section is attached to the glass plate structure;
  • 1 is a functional block diagram of a sound insulation device applied to a vehicle;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a door of a vehicle equipped with a sound insulation device having another configuration
  • FIG. 2 shows a sound insulation device in which a sound absorbing material is provided inside an enclosing member, where (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound insulation device in which the sound absorbing material is attached to the glass plate structure, and (B) is a wall surface of the enclosing member.
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound insulating device in which a sound absorbing material is attached to the wall surface of the glass plate structure and the enclosing member;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the frequency distribution of the sound pressure level inside the enclosing member in various sound insulation devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a vibration output section is attached to a glass plate structure in which an excitation region is a single glass plate.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the vehicle for explaining other application locations of the sound insulation device in the vehicle; It is a front view of the window of the house to which the sound insulation device is applied. It is a sectional view showing a concrete example of a glass plate composition.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the frequency distribution of the sound pressure level inside the enclosing member in various sound insulation devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a vibration output section is attached to
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the glass plate structure; (A) and (B) are sectional views each showing another example of the glass plate structure.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a glass plate structure provided with a sealing material on the edges;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a glass plate structure in which a sealing material is provided on at least a part of surfaces of glass plates facing each other of the glass plate structure.
  • A) is a plan view showing another form of the glass plate structure, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX in (A).
  • (A) is a plan view showing another form of a glass plate structure, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX-XX in (A).
  • (A) is a plan view showing another form of the glass plate structure, (B) is a cross-sectional view along the XXI-XXI line in (A), and (C) is a It is an enlarged view of the C part.
  • (A) is a plan view showing another form of a glass plate structure, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII in (A).
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a curved glass plate structure; It is a figure which shows the glass plate structure which has the level
  • the present invention achieves effective sound insulation control over a wide band by reducing both noise in a low frequency band and noise in a medium to high frequency band by vibrating a glass plate structure.
  • a window of a vehicle and a window of a house will be described as examples of the glass plate structure, but the application is not limited to these.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle S to which a sound insulation device is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a door D of a vehicle S to which a sound insulation device is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the sound insulation device is incorporated in the vehicle S, and insulates the sound of the transmission path that is transmitted from the exterior of the vehicle S to the interior.
  • the sound insulation device includes a glass plate structure 11, a vibration output section 13, an outdoor sound detection section 1, an indoor sound detection section 3, and a control section 5.
  • the vibration output section 13 , the outdoor sound detection section 1 and the room sound detection section 3 are each connected to the control section 5 .
  • the vehicle S is provided with acoustic speakers 7 forming an audio system in the interior of the vehicle, and these acoustic speakers 7 are also connected to the control unit 5 .
  • the glass plate structure 11 is provided on the door D of the vehicle S and used as a front side window FSW that separates the interior space and the exterior space of the vehicle S.
  • the vibration output unit 13 is, for example, a voice coil motor and attached to the glass plate structure 11 .
  • the vibration output section 13 vibrates according to the drive signal input from the control section 5 and imparts the vibration to the glass plate structure 11 .
  • the outdoor sound detection unit 1 is, for example, a microphone.
  • the outdoor sound detection unit 1 detects sound from a noise source or a vibration source that correlates with the sound vibration induced in the glass plate structure 11, and outputs a reference signal according to the detection result.
  • the outdoor sound detection unit 1 is provided in the engine room of the vehicle S and detects sounds emitted from the engine ENG.
  • the outdoor sound detection unit 1 is also provided in the tire house of the vehicle S, and detects sounds such as road noise emitted from the tires TR during running. Sound signals detected by these outdoor sound detectors 1 are sent to the controller 5 as reference signals.
  • the outdoor sound detection unit 1 may be a vibration sensor or an optical sensor that detects the rotation speed of the engine ENG. sent to.
  • the interior sound detection unit 3 is, for example, a microphone, is provided in the interior of the vehicle S, and detects interior sound. It is preferable that the interior sound detection unit 3 is arranged in the vicinity of the glass plate structure 11 and the ears of the passenger in the room, or worn on the ears of the passenger. A wireless microphone is more preferable if the microphone is worn in the ear of the passenger. A sound signal detected by the room sound detector 3 is transmitted to the controller 5 as an error signal.
  • the door D of the vehicle S having the glass plate structure 11 has a surrounding member 15 that supports the glass plate structure 11 .
  • a region of the glass plate structure 11 to which the vibration output portion 13 is fixed is accommodated inside the enclosing member 15 .
  • the enclosing member 15 has an opening 21 and supports the glass plate structure 11 by exposing a region of the glass plate structure 11 to which the vibration output portion 13 is not fixed to the outside from the opening 21 .
  • the enclosing member 15 has a shielding member 17 in the opening 21 , and the shielding member 17 acoustically shields the opening 21 and the glass plate structure 11 .
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the sound insulation device for explaining the configuration of the sound insulation device.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV--IV shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing how the vibration output portion 13 is attached to the glass plate structure 11. As shown in FIG.
  • the glass plate structure 11 is supported by the surrounding member 15. As shown in FIG. The glass plate structure 11 is excited by the vibration generated by the vibration output unit 13 to generate sound.
  • the glass plate structure 11 may have translucency such that the back side sandwiching the glass plate structure 11 can be seen through when viewed from the direction of arrow Va in FIG. or a surface treatment layer having a light diffusing surface to selectively transmit light.
  • the glass plate structure 11 is formed by laminating a plurality of glass plates, and intermediate layers are provided between these glass plates. As shown in FIG. 5, the glass plate structure 11 of this example is configured by laminating a pair of glass plates 73 and 75 and including an intermediate layer 71 between the glass plates 73 and 75 .
  • the glass plate structure 11 is preferably made of a material having a high longitudinal wave sound velocity value, and is made of, for example, a material such as glass, translucent ceramics, or a single crystal such as sapphire.
  • the glass plate structure 11 has an outer shape that matches the front side window FSW of the vehicle S, but is not limited to this, and may have another outer shape such as a rectangle.
  • the vibration output unit 13 is fixed to the glass plate structure 11 and vibrates the glass plate structure 11 according to the input drive signal.
  • the vibration output section 13 includes, for example, a coil section, a magnetic circuit section, and a vibrating section coupled to the coil section or the magnetic circuit section.
  • the vibration output section 13 when the drive signal from the control section 5 is input to the coil section, the coil section or the magnetic circuit section vibrates due to interaction between the coil section and the magnetic circuit section.
  • the vibration of the coil portion or the magnetic circuit portion is transmitted to the vibrating portion, and from the vibrating portion to the glass plate structure 11 .
  • At least one, preferably a plurality of vibration output units 13 are attached to the glass plate structure 11 .
  • two vibration output units 13 may be attached on one main surface of the glass plate structure 11 along one side of the outer edge of the glass plate structure 11 with a space therebetween.
  • the vibration output portion 13 may be provided on each of one main surface and the other main surface of the glass plate structure 11 like the vibration output portion 13 indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 4 .
  • the enclosing member 15 of the door D of the vehicle S is formed in a box-like shape surrounding a portion of the glass plate structure 11 including the fixed position of the vibration output portion 13 .
  • the enclosing member 15 defines an internal space 19 that includes the vibration output portion 13 and a portion of the glass plate structure 11 .
  • Other portions of the glass plate structure 11 are exposed to the outside of the internal space 19 through an opening 21 of the internal space 19 formed in the enclosing member 15 . That is, one end of the glass plate structure 11 is exposed outside the internal space 19 from the opening 21 of the internal space 19 .
  • the one end of the glass plate structure 11 described above is the end of the glass plate structure 11 closer to the fixing position of the vibration output section 13 or the farther end of the glass plate structure 11. means the end of
  • the shielding member 17 provided in the opening 21 of the enclosing member 15 closes the internal space 19 and moves the glass plate structure 11 into a vibrating region A1 provided with the vibration output unit 13 inside the internal space 19. , and a vibration area A2 outside the internal space 19 .
  • the shielding member 17 general macromolecular materials such as hydrocarbon compositions, silicone compositions, fluorine-containing compositions, and general rubbers can be used.
  • a material having a storage elastic modulus G of 1.0 ⁇ 10 2 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 Pa when the dynamic viscoelasticity of a sheet molded to a thickness of 1 mm is measured at 25° C., a frequency of 1 Hz, and a compression mode. is preferred. More preferably, the storage elastic modulus G is 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 Pa.
  • the “shielding” by the shielding member 17 mentioned above refers to a state in which the glass plate structure 11 is in contact with the glass plate structure 11 to such an extent that micro-movements in units of ⁇ m are allowed without completely fixing the glass plate structure 11 . This prevents sound leakage from the internal space 19 .
  • a drive mechanism (not shown) for lifting and lowering the glass plate structure 11 provided at the bottom of the inner space 19 of the enclosing member 15 or in the inner space 19, and a vibrating region A1 of the glass plate structure 11
  • a support member 23 that allows the enclosing member 15 to support the glass plate structure 11 is provided.
  • the support member 23 is made of an elastic sheet such as rubber, felt, sponge, or the like, which has cushioning properties.
  • the glass plate structure 11 that constitutes the front side window FSW of the vehicle S is freely movable relative to the enclosing member 15 by a drive mechanism (not shown) provided on the enclosing member 15 . That is, the windows of the vehicle S can be freely opened and closed by moving the front side windows FSW formed of the glass plate structure 11 . Therefore, when the window is closed by the glass plate structure 11, the room and the outside are separated, and the sound insulation effect in the room is obtained. In other words, the relative movement of the glass plate structure 11 with respect to the enclosing member 15 selectively obtains the sound insulation effect in the room.
  • 3 and 4 show a configuration in which the glass plate structure 11 can relatively move in the direction of Ax1 shown in FIG. FIG. 9A, FIG.
  • the support member 23 has the effect of suppressing mechanical damage to the lower side of the glass plate structure 11 when the windows of the vehicle S are fully open.
  • the sound insulation device can exert its sound insulation effect regardless of whether the windows of the vehicle S are fully open, fully closed, or half-open. I can do it.
  • the direction in which the glass plate structure 11 protrudes from the inner space 19 inside the surrounding member 15 to the outside of the inner space 19 is the first direction Ax1, and the direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plate surface is Ax1.
  • the maximum width Lw of the glass plate structure 11 in the second direction Ax2 is preferably equal to or greater than the maximum width Lh in the first direction Ax1 (Lw ⁇ Lh).
  • the glass plate structure 11 includes an excitation region A1 in which the vibration output portion 13 is attached and arranged in the internal space 19 of the enclosing member 15, and the internal space 19 and a vibration area A2 which is located outside and contributes to acoustic radiation is separated by the shielding member 17.
  • the sound generated from the vibration region A ⁇ b>1 by the vibration from the vibration output unit 13 is attenuated in the internal space 19 .
  • the opening 21 of the internal space 19 is acoustically shielded from the glass plate structure 11 by the shielding member 17, and the sound from the excitation region A1 generated in the internal space 19 is 19 is prevented from leaking.
  • one continuous glass plate structure 11 is divided into a vibrating region A1 and a vibrating region A2, and the vibrating region A1 is defined within the internal space 19 by the enclosing member 15 and the shielding member 17. .
  • the noise generated from the excitation area A1 is confined in the internal space 19, sound leakage from the internal space 19 is suppressed, and unnecessary noise generated from the excitation area A1 due to the vibration of the vibration output unit 13 is To suppress transmission to a sound receiver as airborne sound. As a result, it is possible to suppress deterioration of directivity due to wraparound of sound. Moreover, since the sound is radiated to the surroundings only from the vibration region A2 of the glass plate structure 11, the sound pressure distribution due to the acoustic radiation can be made uniform.
  • the area ratio Ss/Sv is preferably 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less. It is more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.5 or less, and still more preferably 0.05 or more and 0.1 or less.
  • the area of the vibration region A1 is too large compared to the area of the vibration region A2, the efficiency of sound pressure generation will decrease, and if it is too narrow, efficient vibration driving will not be possible. Therefore, by setting the area ratio within the above range, sound radiation from the vibration region A2 corresponding to the vibration of the vibration output unit 13 can be performed with high efficiency.
  • the total area (area of one main surface) of the glass plate structure 11 is preferably 0.01 m 2 or more. It is more preferably 0.1 m 2 or more, still more preferably 0.3 m 2 or more.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of the sound insulation device applied to the vehicle S.
  • the controller 5 has a transfer function corrector 31, an adaptive algorithm 33, an adaptive filter 35 and an amplifier 37.
  • the control unit 5 is composed of a microcomputer including a processor such as a CPU, memories such as ROM and RAM, and a storage.
  • the adaptive algorithm 33 and the adaptive filter 35 generate a canceling signal that has the opposite phase of the reference signal transmitted from the outdoor sound detection unit 1.
  • Adaptive algorithm 33 and adaptive filter 35 generate a cancellation signal so that the error signal transmitted from room sound detector 3 is minimized.
  • the cancellation signal generated by the adaptive algorithm 33 and the adaptive filter 35 is amplified by the amplifier 37 and transmitted to the vibration output section 13 .
  • the adaptive algorithm 33 estimates the error by, for example, the method of least squares.
  • the filter coefficient is appropriately updated by the adaptive algorithm 33 according to the level of the error signal.
  • the transfer function correction unit 31 obtains the transfer function of the secondary path, which is the noise transmission path between the glass plate structure 11 to which the vibration output unit 13 as a secondary sound source is attached, and the room sound detection unit 3, Based on this transfer function, the phase of the reference signal from the outdoor sound detector 1 is synchronized with the phase of the error signal from the indoor sound detector 3 .
  • the noise from the noise source such as the sound of the engine ENG shown in FIG. the detection result is transmitted to the control unit 5 as a reference signal. Further, the room sound detection unit 3 detects the sound in the room, and the detection result is transmitted to the control unit 5 as an error signal.
  • the transfer function correction unit 31 of the control unit 5 obtains the transfer function in the noise transfer path between the outdoor sound detection unit 1 and the indoor sound detection unit 3. Based on this transfer function, the phase of the reference signal from the outdoor sound detector 1 is synchronized with the phase of the error signal from the indoor sound detector 3 .
  • the adaptive algorithm 33 and the adaptive filter 35 of the control unit 5 generate a cancellation signal for minimizing the error signal, which has the opposite phase to the reference signal synchronized with the phase of the error signal.
  • This cancellation signal is sent to the amplifier 37 , amplified by the amplifier 37 and sent to the vibration output section 13 .
  • the vibration output unit 13 vibrates the glass plate structure 11 to which the vibration output unit 13 is attached by generating vibration according to the transmitted cancellation signal. Therefore, the vibration of the glass plate structure 11 due to the noise outside the room is canceled by the vibration of the vibration output part 13, and the transmission of the noise from the outside to the room is suppressed.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the difference between a general noise reduction device and a sound insulation device using a glass plate structure
  • (A) is a schematic diagram of a general noise reduction device
  • (B) is a schematic diagram of the general noise reduction device.
  • a control microphone 43 is provided inside a room surrounded by an outer wall 41, and a detection microphone 47 is provided outside the room where a noise source 45 is located.
  • a speaker 49 for vibrating a vibrating body such as cone paper is arranged in the room.
  • a cancellation sound for minimizing the error signal is generated according to the reference signal from the detection microphone 47 that detects the sound outside the room and the error signal from the control microphone 43 that detects the sound in the room. Output from the speaker 49 . This reduces the noise that flows into the room from the outside.
  • this noise reduction device With this noise reduction device, the sound that flows into the room can be reduced regardless of the transmission path of the sound into the room. Moreover, there is an advantage that an existing speaker 49 such as an audio system installed in the room can also be used. However, it is difficult to effectively reduce noise in a high frequency band, for example, over 150 Hz, with a noise reduction device that outputs a canceling sound from the speaker 49 to reduce noise that has flowed into the room. In addition, this noise reduction device is easily affected by the sound environment in the room, and there are many problems in accurately reducing noise. Moreover, even if it is possible to cope with known noises such as the sound of an engine mounted on a vehicle, it may be difficult to effectively reduce other noises.
  • a detection microphone 59 as the outdoor sound detection unit 1 is provided outside the room having the noise source 57 . Further, the window portion 51 is closed by the glass plate structure 11 , and the vibration output portion 13 is attached to the glass plate structure 11 .
  • This sound insulation device generates a cancellation signal for minimizing the error signal according to the reference signal from the detection microphone 59 that detects outdoor sound and the error signal from the control microphone 55 that detects indoor sound. do. Then, the cancel signal is output to the vibration output unit 13 to vibrate the glass plate structure 11 .
  • the vibration of the glass plate structure 11 due to the noise outside the room is canceled by the vibration of the vibration output part 13, and the transmission of the noise from the outside to the room is suppressed.
  • the glass plate structure 11 can effectively reduce noise in a high frequency band, for example, exceeding 150 Hz, which has been difficult to cancel out the noise that has flowed into the room with the canceling sound from the speaker.
  • a high frequency band for example, exceeding 150 Hz
  • it is possible to suppress the inflow of outdoor noise through the window itself it is possible to reduce the noise in the room regardless of the sound environment in the room. In other words, it is possible to suppress the inflow of noise in a wide frequency band including a high frequency band from the window, thereby forming a quiet and favorable indoor environment.
  • a cancel sound corresponding to the cancel signal may be output from the acoustic speaker 7. In that case, even if noise flows into the room, the noise can be canceled and the room can be made quieter.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a door D of a vehicle S equipped with a sound insulation device having another configuration.
  • an internal space sound detection device comprising a microphone is placed in an internal space 19 of an enclosure member 15 that encloses an excitation region A1 of the glass plate structure 11 to which the vibration output section 13 is attached.
  • a part 8 is provided.
  • an auxiliary speaker 9 is provided in the internal space 19 .
  • the internal spatial sound detection section 8 and the auxiliary speaker 9 are connected to the control section 5, respectively.
  • the internal spatial sound detection unit 8 detects the vibration sound from the vibrating region A1 of the glass plate structure 11 caused by the vibration of the vibration output unit 13 and transmits it to the control unit 5 as an error signal.
  • the control unit 5 causes the adaptive algorithm 33 and the adaptive filter 35 to generate a cancellation signal for minimizing the error signal from the internal spatial sound detection unit 8 according to the error signal from the internal spatial sound detection unit 8, A cancel sound is output to the speaker 9.
  • the canceling sound from the auxiliary speaker 9 By outputting the canceling sound from the auxiliary speaker 9, the vibration sound from the vibrating region A1 of the glass plate structure 11 caused by the vibration of the vibration output portion 13 in the internal space 19 is cancelled.
  • the glass plate structure 11 is vibrated by the vibration output unit 13 to suppress the transmission of noise from the exterior of the vehicle S to the interior of the vehicle S, and the vibration output unit 13 can cancel secondary noise generated due to the vibration of the Thereby, the noise reduction effect in the interior of the vehicle S can be further enhanced.
  • the auxiliary speaker 9 for outputting the canceling sound is provided in the internal space 19, but the output form of the canceling sound is not limited to this.
  • the acoustic speaker 7 may be configured to output a canceling sound that cancels the sound generated by the vibration of the vibration output unit 13, or the auxiliary speaker 9 and the acoustic speaker 7 may be used together.
  • a sound absorbing material such as felt or sponge may be attached to the inside or outside of the enclosing member 15 . In that case, the silencing effect within the internal space 19 is enhanced. Specifically, it is preferable to use a resonance type sound absorbing material such as a porous sound absorbing material or a perforated board as the sound absorbing material. preferable.
  • the normal incident sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbing material at 1 kHz is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and even more preferably 0.75 or more.
  • the thickness of the sound absorbing material is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 20 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
  • the surface to which the sound absorbing material is adhered preferably accounts for 25% or more, more preferably 50% or more, of the area surrounding the internal space 19 of the enclosing member 15 .
  • a sound absorbing material may be attached to part or all of the surface of the vibrating region A1 of the glass plate structure 11 . In that case, the sound pressure level in the internal space 19 can be reduced by suppressing the generation of standing waves.
  • a porous type sound absorbing material made of sponge, fiber, etc., or a resonance type sound absorbing material such as a perforated board can be used. It is preferred to use a sound absorbing material.
  • the sound absorbing material can be attached to at least one surface of the glass plate structure 11, but preferably both surfaces of the glass plate structure 11 are attached with the sound absorbing material.
  • a sound absorbing material is attached to the surface of the vibration output portion 13, it is preferable to cover the vibration output portion 13 with the sound absorbing material.
  • the area of the sound absorbing material to be attached is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 75% or more, of the area of at least one surface of the vibration region A1.
  • the perpendicular incident sound absorption coefficient at 1 kHz of the vibration region A1 is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and even more preferably 0.75 or more.
  • the thickness of the sound absorbing material is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
  • the sound pressure level in the internal space 19 was measured when the sound insulation device in each of the following cases (a) to (d) was vibrated by a sine wave signal with an output voltage of 1V.
  • (a) A sound insulation device without a sound absorbing material (b) A sound insulation device in which a sound absorbing material 25 is attached to both surfaces of the glass plate structure 11 ((A) in FIG. 9) (c) A sound insulation device in which a sound absorbing material 25 is attached to the entire wall surface of the enclosing member 15 ((B) in FIG. 9) (d) A sound insulation device in which a sound absorbing material 25 is attached to the entire wall surface of the enclosing member 15, and further the sound absorbing material 25 is attached to both surfaces of the glass plate structure 11 ((C) in FIG. 9).
  • a glass plate structure 11 with a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 m ⁇ 1.0 mm, which simulates the vibration area A1 is installed in an acrylic container with internal dimensions of 295 mm ⁇ 295 mm ⁇ 120 mm, which simulates the internal space 19.
  • a glass plate structure 11 having a vibration output portion 13 with an impedance of 4 ⁇ installed in the center portion was used.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the frequency distribution of the sound pressure level inside the enclosure member 15 in various sound insulation devices. As shown in FIG. 10, when the sound absorbing material 25 is not attached to the wall surface of the enclosing member 15 and the glass plate structure 11 (comparative example), a standing wave is generated in the internal space 19 and a sharp peak is generated in the sound pressure level. (thin line in FIG. 10).
  • the average sound pressure level is was equivalent to the state in which the sound absorbing material 25 was not attached.
  • the peak of the sound pressure level could be eliminated by the effect of preventing the generation of the standing wave, and the noise generated in the internal space 19 could be effectively reduced (dotted line in FIG. 10).
  • the sound absorbing material 25 it is preferable to attach to the entire inner surface of the internal space 19 of the enclosing member 15. 25 is more preferred. However, it is even more preferable to attach the sound absorbing material 25 only to at least one surface of the vibration region A1, considering the balance between the member cost and the construction cost and the expected sound effect. Applying the material 25 is particularly preferred.
  • the vibration excitation region to which the vibration output unit 13 is attached can also be configured with a single glass plate.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing how the vibration output section 13 is attached to the glass plate structure 11 whose vibration region is made of a single glass plate.
  • the outer edge of the glass plate 75 extends outside the glass plate 73 .
  • the vibration output portion 13 is attached to the portion extending outside the glass plate 73 .
  • a sealing material 87 is provided at the end of the glass plate 73 and the intermediate layer 71 to seal the intermediate layer 71 .
  • the vibration output unit 13 vibrates the single glass plate 75, the energy efficiency is improved compared to the case where the plurality of glass plates 73 and 75 are vibrated at the same time. can be excited.
  • the window portion composed of the glass plate structure 11 of the sound insulation device is not limited to the front side window FSW of the vehicle S.
  • the glass plate structure 11 of the sound insulation device may be provided on the rear side window RSW, the front window FW, the rear window RW, the roof glazing RG, etc. of the vehicle S.
  • the sound insulation device can be applied to other than the vehicle S.
  • it can be applied to windows of aircraft, ships, etc., and windows of buildings such as houses.
  • the example shown in FIG. 13 is applied to a window WD of a house.
  • the glass plate structure 11 is provided on the window WD of the room of the house, and the vibration output part 13 is attached to the portion of the glass plate structure 11 disposed within the window frame WF.
  • the sound insulation device is applied to the window WD of the house, the transmission of sound from the outside to the inside of the room can be suppressed by vibrating the glass plate structure 11 with the vibration output part 13 .
  • the sound insulation device described above can be used not only for windows of moving bodies and buildings, but also as members for electronic devices, for example, full-range speakers, low-frequency reproduction speakers in the 15-200 Hz band, high-frequency reproduction speakers in the 10-100 kHz band, and diaphragms.
  • the speaker may be for music, alarm sound, or the like.
  • a vibration detection element such as an acceleration sensor, it can be used as a diaphragm for a microphone or as a vibration sensor.
  • the sound insulation device can be used as an in-vehicle or in-vehicle speaker as a vibration member for the interior of transportation machinery such as vehicles.
  • it can be used for side mirrors functioning as speakers, sun visors, instrument panels, dashboards, ceilings, doors, and various interior panels. Additionally, they function as microphones and diaphragms for active noise control.
  • the sound insulation device can be used, for example, as an opening member used in construction and transportation machinery.
  • functions such as IR cut, UV cut, and coloring can be imparted to the glass plate structure.
  • the sound insulation device can be applied to the vehicle interior speaker, vehicle exterior speaker, front window FW, front side window FSW, rear side window RSW, rear window RW, or roof glazing RG of the vehicle S described above having a sound insulation function.
  • FW, FSW, RSW, RW or RG may function as an acoustic reflection (reverberation) plate.
  • it can be used as a vehicle window, a structural member, and a decorative panel with improved water repellency, anti-snow, anti-icing, and antifouling properties by sonic vibration.
  • it can be used as a window glass for automobiles, a mirror, a plate-like or curved plate-like member to be installed in a car, a lens, a sensor, and a cover glass for them.
  • construction members can be used as window glass, door glass, roof glass, interior materials, exterior materials, decoration materials, structural materials, outer walls, and cover glass for solar cells that function as diaphragms and vibration detection devices. Furthermore, it can also be used as partitions, dressers, etc. in banks, hospitals, hotels, restaurants, offices, and the like. They may function as acoustic reflector (reverberation) plates. In addition, sonic vibration can improve the water repellency, snow adhesion resistance, and antifouling property.
  • the above-described enclosing member and the glass plate structure itself can be used, and for example, the body of an automobile, a door panel, and a sash member for building members can be used. .
  • the vibrator which is the vibration output unit 13
  • the vibrator can be fixed to a back plate, a frame, or the like on the back side of the vibrator to suppress the vibration of the vibrator housing and increase the excitation force.
  • the glass plate structure constituting the sound insulation device described above has a loss factor of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 or more at 25° C. and a longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the plate thickness direction of 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/ s or more is preferable.
  • a large loss factor means a large vibration damping capacity.
  • a loss factor calculated by the half width method is used.
  • W is the frequency width at a point -3 dB lower than the peak value of the resonance frequency f and amplitude h of the material, that is, the point at the maximum amplitude -3 [dB].
  • loss factor Resonance can be suppressed by increasing the loss factor, which means that the frequency width W is increased relative to the amplitude h, and the peak is broadened.
  • the loss factor is a value specific to the material, etc. For example, in the case of a single glass plate, it varies depending on its composition and relative density.
  • the loss factor can be measured by a dynamic elastic modulus test method such as a resonance method.
  • Longitudinal wave sound velocity value refers to the velocity at which longitudinal waves propagate in the diaphragm.
  • the longitudinal wave sound velocity value and Young's modulus can be measured by the ultrasonic pulse method described in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS-R1602-1995).
  • the glass plate structure includes two or more glass plates as a specific configuration for obtaining a high loss factor and a high longitudinal wave sound velocity value, and between at least a pair of these glass plates, a predetermined It preferably includes an intermediate layer.
  • the glass plate here means inorganic glass and organic glass.
  • organic glass include PMMA-based resins, PC-based resins, PS-based resins, PET-based resins, cellulose-based resins, and the like, which are generally well known as transparent resins.
  • one of the glass plates is the above inorganic glass or organic glass, and the other glass plate is replaced by a resin plate made of resin other than organic glass, a metal plate such as aluminum, or a ceramic plate made of ceramic. etc., can be adopted.
  • organic glass, resin materials, composite materials, fiber materials, and metal materials it is preferable to use a material, metallic material or ceramic material.
  • the resin material it is preferable to use a resin material that can be molded into a flat plate shape or a curved plate shape.
  • the composite material or fiber material it is preferable to use a resin material, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, or the like compounded with a high-hardness filler.
  • the metal material aluminum, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, iron, titanium, SUS, etc. are preferable, and other alloy materials may be used as necessary. Ceramic materials such as Al 2 O 3 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , AlN, mullite, zirconia, yttria, YAG, and single crystal materials are more preferable as ceramic materials.
  • a material having translucency is particularly preferable.
  • intermediate layer As an intermediate layer between a plurality of laminated glass plates, a fluid layer or a gel-like body made of a fluid such as liquid or liquid crystal is preferable.
  • the intermediate layer may be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane, or the like, which is suitably used as an intermediate film for laminated glass.
  • the glass plate structure can realize a high loss factor by providing a fluid layer containing a liquid between at least a pair of glass plates. Above all, by setting the viscosity and surface tension of the fluid layer within a suitable range, the loss factor can be further increased. It is considered that this is because, unlike the case where the pair of glass plates are provided via an adhesive layer, the pair of glass plates do not adhere to each other and each glass plate maintains its vibration characteristics.
  • the term "fluid” as used herein refers to liquids, semi-solids, mixtures of solid powders and liquids, solid gels (jelly-like substances) impregnated with liquids, etc. It means to include all things.
  • the fluid layer preferably has a viscosity coefficient of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 3 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. and a surface tension of 15 to 80 mN/m at 25° C. If the viscosity is too low, it becomes difficult to transmit vibrations, and if the viscosity is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer will adhere to each other and exhibit vibration behavior as a single glass plate, thus damping the resonance vibration. become difficult. On the other hand, if the surface tension is too low, the adhesion between the glass plates will decrease, making it difficult to transmit vibrations. If the surface tension is too high, the pair of glass plates positioned on both sides of the fluid layer are likely to adhere to each other, exhibiting vibration behavior as a single glass plate, making it difficult to attenuate resonance vibration.
  • the viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer at 25° C. is more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa ⁇ s or more, further preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa ⁇ s or more. Moreover, it is more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 2 Pa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 Pa ⁇ s or less.
  • the surface tension of the fluid layer at 25° C. is more preferably 20 mN/m or more, more preferably 30 mN/m or more.
  • the viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer can be measured using a rotational viscometer.
  • the surface tension of the fluid layer can be measured by the ring method or the like.
  • the fluid layer preferably has a vapor pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less at 25° C. and 1 atm, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 3 Pa or less, even more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 3 Pa or less. Further, when the vapor pressure is high, a seal or the like may be applied to prevent the fluid layer from evaporating, but at this time, it is necessary that the sealant does not interfere with the vibration of the glass plate structure.
  • the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 1/10 or less, more preferably 1/20 or less of the total thickness of the pair of glass plates. It is more preferably 1/30 or less, even more preferably 1/50 or less, even more preferably 1/70 or less, and particularly preferably 1/100 or less.
  • the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and 15 ⁇ m. The following is particularly preferable, and 10 ⁇ m or less is particularly preferable.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of film formability and durability.
  • the fluid layer is chemically stable, and it is preferable that the fluid layer and the pair of glass plates located on both sides of the fluid layer do not react.
  • Chemically stable means, for example, a material that is less altered (deteriorated) by light irradiation, or a material that does not solidify, vaporize, decompose, discolor, or chemically react with glass in a temperature range of at least -20 to 70°C. do.
  • components of the fluid layer include water, oil, organic solvents, liquid polymers, ionic liquids and mixtures thereof. More specifically, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, straight silicone oil (dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen silicone oil), modified silicone oil, acrylic polymer, liquid polybutadiene, glycerin Paste, fluorinated solvent, fluorinated resin, acetone, ethanol, xylene, toluene, water, mineral oil, mixtures thereof, and the like.
  • it preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dimethylsilicone oil, methylphenylsilicone oil, methylhydrogensilicone oil and modified silicone oil, and propylene glycol or silicone oil is the main component. more preferred.
  • slurry in which powder is dispersed can also be used as a fluid layer.
  • a uniform fluid is preferable for the fluid layer, but the slurry is effective when imparting design and functionality such as coloring and fluorescence to the glass plate structure.
  • the powder content in the fluid layer is preferably 0 to 10% by volume, more preferably 0 to 5% by volume.
  • the particle size of the powder is preferably 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the fluid layer may contain a fluorescent material.
  • a fluorescent material in this case, it may be a slurry-like fluid layer in which the fluorescent material is dispersed as powder, or a uniform fluid layer in which the fluorescent material is mixed as a liquid.
  • optical functions such as light absorption and light emission can be imparted to the glass plate structure.
  • the preferred material is a substance that satisfies any one of the properties (1) to (3) below.
  • the intermediate layer has a thickness of 1 mm or less; (2) a compression storage modulus at a temperature of 25° C. of 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less; (3) At a temperature of 25° C. and 1 Hz, the compression storage modulus is higher than the compression loss modulus.
  • the fluidity of the intermediate layer is suppressed and the loss factor is improved.
  • the loss factor of the glass plate structure is improved by increasing the thickness of the intermediate layer, there is a trade-off relationship in which the sound velocity value of the glass plate structure decreases as the thickness of the intermediate layer increases.
  • the material of the intermediate layer satisfies the characteristic (2), so that when the intermediate layer is thin, the glass plate structure has a higher loss factor and a high sound velocity value.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is 1 mm or less, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of obtaining a high loss factor of the glass plate structure. Moreover, from the viewpoint of the surface roughness of the plate, it is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the intermediate layer material has a compression storage modulus of 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or less, preferably 7.0 ⁇ 10 3 Pa or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 at a temperature of 25° C. Pa or less. If the material satisfies the characteristic (2), the thinner the intermediate layer, the higher the loss factor in the glass plate structure. Moreover, from the viewpoint of fluidity, it is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 2 Pa or more.
  • a gel-like material can also be used for the intermediate layer material.
  • a carbon-based, fluorine-based, or silicone-based polymer material can be used.
  • a carbon-based, fluorine-based, or silicone-based polymer material can be used.
  • a composite material obtained by combining the above materials may be used. The above materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the ratio of the substance satisfying the above specific properties in the intermediate layer is preferably 10 to 100% by mass, more preferably 30 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 50 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 70 to 100% by mass.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example of the glass plate structure.
  • the glass plate structure 11 is preferably provided with at least a pair of glass plates 73 and 75 so as to sandwich the above-described intermediate layer 71 from both sides.
  • the intermediate layer 71 prevents the glass plate 75 from resonating or attenuates the vibration of the resonance of the glass plate 75 . Due to the presence of the intermediate layer 71, the glass plate structure 11 can have a higher loss factor than the glass plate alone.
  • the longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the plate thickness direction of the glass plate structure 11 is preferably 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s because the higher the sound speed, the higher the reproducibility of high-frequency sound when it is used as a diaphragm. or more, more preferably 4.5 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more, still more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 7.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or less.
  • the glass plate structure 11 has a high in-line transmittance, it can be applied as a translucent member. Therefore, the visible light transmittance determined according to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS-R3106-1998) is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 65% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. Examples of translucent members include applications such as transparent speakers, transparent microphones, constructions, and opening members for vehicles.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the intermediate layer and the refractive index of the pair of glass plates in contact with the intermediate layer is preferably 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less.
  • glass plate It is also possible to color at least one of the glass plates constituting the glass plate structure 11 and at least one of the intermediate layers. This is useful when the glass plate structure 11 is desired to have a design or functions such as IR cut, UV cut, and privacy glass.
  • the values of the peak tops of the resonance frequencies of one glass plate 73 and the other glass plate 75 are preferably different, and it is more preferable that the resonance frequency ranges do not overlap. However, even if the resonance frequency ranges of the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 overlap, or if the peak top values are the same, the presence of the intermediate layer 71 will cause the glass plate 73 to resonate. However, the vibration of the other glass plate 75 is not synchronized. As a result, resonance is canceled to some extent, and a higher loss factor can be obtained than in the case of using only the glass plate.
  • the difference in mass between the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 is as small as possible, and it is more preferable that there is no difference in mass. If there is a mass difference between the glass plates, the resonance of the lighter glass plate can be suppressed with the heavier glass plate, but it is difficult to suppress the resonance of the heavier glass plate with the lighter glass plate. be. That is, if the mass ratio is biased, the resonance vibrations cannot be canceled out in principle due to the difference in inertial force.
  • the mass ratio of the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 represented by (glass plate 73/glass plate 75) is preferably 0.8 to 1.25 (8/10 to 10/8), more preferably 0.9 to 1.1. (9/10 to 10/9) is more preferred, and 1.0 (10/10, mass difference 0) is even more preferred.
  • the thickness of the glass plate is as thin as possible.
  • the thickness of each of the glass plates 73 and 75 is preferably 15 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, even more preferably 5 mm or less, even more preferably 3 mm or less, and particularly preferably 1.5 mm or less.
  • the thickness is too thin, surface defects of the glass sheet are likely to have a pronounced effect, cracking is likely to occur, and strengthening treatment is difficult.
  • each of the glass plates 73 and 75 is preferably 0.5 to 15 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 10 mm, and even more preferably 1.0 to 8 mm.
  • the loss factor of the glass plate at 25° C. is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 or more, more preferably 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 or more, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 or more.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 or less from the viewpoint of productivity and manufacturing cost.
  • both the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 have the above loss factor.
  • the loss factor of the glass plate can be measured by the same method as the loss factor of the glass plate structure 11 .
  • At least one of the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 has a higher longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the plate thickness direction, which improves the reproducibility of sound in a high frequency range, and is therefore preferable for use as a diaphragm.
  • the longitudinal wave sound velocity value of the glass plate is preferably 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more, and 6.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more. is more preferred.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 7.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or less from the viewpoint of the productivity of the glass plate and raw material costs.
  • both the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 satisfy the above sound velocity values.
  • the sound velocity value of the glass plate can be measured by the same method as the longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the glass plate structure.
  • compositions of the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 are not particularly limited, the following ranges are preferable, for example.
  • SiO 2 40 to 80% by mass, Al 2 O 3 : 0 to 35% by mass, B 2 O 3 : 0 to 15% by mass, MgO: 0 to 20% by mass, CaO: 0 to 20% by mass, SrO: 0 ⁇ 20% by mass, BaO: 0 to 20% by mass, Li 2 O: 0 to 20% by mass, Na 2 O: 0 to 25% by mass, K 2 O: 0 to 20% by mass, TiO 2 : 0 to 10% by mass %, and ZrO 2 : 0 to 10% by mass.
  • the above composition accounts for 95% by mass or more of the entire glass.
  • compositions of the glass plate 73 and the glass plate 75 expressed in mol % based on the oxide are more preferably in the following range.
  • SiO 2 55 to 75% by mass
  • Al 2 O 3 0 to 25% by mass
  • B 2 O 3 0 to 12% by mass
  • ZrO 2 0 to 5% by mass.
  • the above composition accounts for 95% by mass or more of the entire glass.
  • each of the glass plates 73 and 75 preferably has a specific gravity of 2.8 or less, more preferably 2.6 or less, and even more preferably 2.5 or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2.2 or more.
  • each of the glass plates 73 and 75 preferably has a specific elastic modulus of 2.5 ⁇ 10 7 m 2 /s 2 or more, more preferably 2.8 ⁇ 10 7 m 2 /s 2 or more, and 3.0 ⁇ 10 7 m 2 /s 2 or more is even more preferable.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 4.0 ⁇ 10 7 m 2 /s 2 or less.
  • the number of glass plates constituting the glass plate structure 11 may be two or more, but as shown in FIG. 15, three or more glass plates may be used.
  • the glass plates 73 and 75 may all have different compositions in the case of two glass plates, and the glass plates 73, 75 and 77 in the case of three or more glass plates may all have different compositions, or they may all have the same composition.
  • a glass plate may be used, or a glass plate having the same composition and a glass plate having a different composition may be used in combination. Among them, it is preferable to use two or more kinds of glass plates having different compositions from the viewpoint of vibration damping.
  • the mass and thickness of the glass plates may be different, all the same, or partially different. Above all, it is preferable from the standpoint of vibration damping that all the constituent glass plates have the same mass.
  • a physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate can also be used for at least one of the glass plates constituting the glass plate structure 11 . This is useful for preventing breakage of the glass plate structure 11 made of the glass plate structure.
  • the glass plate positioned on the outermost surface of the glass plate structure 11 is preferably a physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate, and all of the constituent glass plates are physically strengthened glass plates.
  • a chemically strengthened glass plate is more preferable.
  • the glass plate positioned on the outermost surface of the glass plate structure 11 is preferably crystallized glass or phase-separated glass.
  • the glass plate structure 11 has a coating layer 81 shown in FIG. 16A or a film 83 shown in FIG. may be formed.
  • Application of the coating layer 81 and attachment of the film 83 are suitable for, for example, scattering prevention and scratch prevention.
  • the thickness of the coating layer 81 and the film 83 is preferably 1/5 or less of the thickness of the surface layer glass plate.
  • Conventionally known materials can be used for the coating layer 81 and the film 83.
  • the coating layer 81 include water-repellent coating, hydrophilic coating, water-sliding coating, oil-repellent coating, anti-reflection coating, and heat-shielding coating. Available.
  • As the film 83 for example, a glass scattering prevention film, a color film, a UV cut film, an IR cut film, a heat shielding film, an electromagnetic wave shielding film, or the like can be used.
  • sealing material As shown in FIG. 17, at least a part of the outer peripheral end face of the glass plate structure 11 may be sealed with a sealing material 87 that does not hinder the vibration of the glass plate structure 11 .
  • the sealing material 87 highly elastic rubber, resin, gel, or the like can be used.
  • FIG. 18 in order to prevent peeling at the interface between the glass plates 73 and 75 and the intermediate layer 71 of the glass plate structure 11, at least a part of the surfaces of the glass plates 73 and 75 facing each other are coated with the coating material of the present invention.
  • the sealing material 87 can be applied as long as the effect is not impaired.
  • the area of the sealing material applied portion is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less of the area of the intermediate layer 71 so as not to interfere with vibration.
  • the resin used as the sealing material 87 acrylic, cyanoacrylate, epoxy, silicone, urethane, phenol, etc. can be used. Curing methods include one-liquid type, two-liquid mixed type, heat curing, ultraviolet curing, visible light curing, and the like. A thermoplastic resin (hot melt bond) can also be used as the sealing material 87 . Examples include ethylene vinyl acetate, polyolefin, polyamide, synthetic rubber, acrylic, and polyurethane.
  • the thickness of the sealing material 87 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 5 times or less the total thickness of the glass plate structures, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and less than the total thickness of the glass plate structures.
  • FIG. 19A and 19B are diagrams showing another form of the glass plate structure 10, in which (A) is a plan view of the glass plate structure 11, and (B) is a cross-sectional view along line XIX-XIX in (A). is.
  • the glass plate structure 11 of FIG. 19 is provided with a frame (frame) 80 on the outer edge of the glass plate structure 11 , at least on the outermost surface of the glass plate structure 11 .
  • 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the glass plate structure 11.
  • a frame 80 may be provided on at least one outermost surface of the glass plate structure 11 as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
  • the frame 80 is useful when it is desired to improve the rigidity of the glass plate structure 11, when it is strongly held so as to suppress low-frequency vibration, or when it is desired to maintain a curved surface shape.
  • conventionally known materials can be used, for example, metal materials such as aluminum, iron, stainless steel, and magnesium, Al2O3 , SiC , Si3N4 , AlN, mullite , zirconia, yttria, YAG, and the like.
  • a sealing material 87 may be provided between the glass plate structure 11 and the frame.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing another form of the glass plate structure 11, (A) is a plan view of the glass plate structure 11, and (B) is a cross-sectional view along line XX-XX in (A). is.
  • the frame 80 may be provided on the outermost surface of one glass plate 73 of the glass plate structure 11 .
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing another form of the glass plate structure 11, (A) is a plan view of the glass plate structure 11, and (B) is a cross-sectional view along line XXI-XXI in (A). , and (C) is an enlarged view of the portion C in (B).
  • the end faces of the first glass plate 73 and the second glass plate 75 are displaced from each other, resulting in a stepped portion in a cross-sectional view. 90 is configured.
  • a sealing material 87 is provided so as to seal at least the intermediate layer 71 at the stepped portion 90 .
  • the sealing material 87 is in close contact with the end face 73 a of the first glass plate 73 , the end face 71 a of the intermediate layer 71 , and the main surface 75 a of the second glass plate 75 at the stepped portion 90 .
  • the intermediate layer 71 is sealed with the sealing material 87 to prevent leakage of the intermediate layer 71, and the bonding between the first glass plate 73, the intermediate layer 71, and the second glass plate 75 is strengthened. and the strength of the glass plate structure 11 is increased.
  • the end surface 73a of the first glass plate 73 and the end surface 71a of the intermediate layer 71 are configured to be perpendicular to the main surface 75a of the second glass plate 75 at the stepped portion 90.
  • the sealing member 87 has an L-shaped contour extending along the stepped portion 90 in a cross-sectional view.
  • the sealing member 87 has a tapered surface 87a.
  • the edges of the glass plate structure 11 may be tapered or the like.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing another form of the glass plate structure 11, (A) is a plan view of the glass plate structure 11, and (B) is a cross section along the line XXII-XXII in (A). It is a diagram.
  • the stepped portion 90 and the sealing material 87 are not provided on the peripheral edge of the glass plate structure 11, and the glass plate structure 11 is is provided approximately in the center of the Such a configuration also satisfies the requirement that the end faces of the two glass plates (the first glass plate 73 and the second glass plate 75) be arranged with a deviation. Then, the strength of the glass plate structure 11 is increased.
  • a sealing tape 93 is attached to the end surface of the peripheral edge of the glass plate structure 11 to seal the intermediate layer 71 .
  • the glass plate structure 11 may be planar, or, as shown in FIG. 23, may be curved (bent) according to the installation location, for example. Also, although not shown, it may have a shape that includes both a planar portion and a curved portion. In other words, the glass plate structure 11 may have a three-dimensional shape having at least a portion thereof curved in a concave or convex shape. In this way, by forming a three-dimensional shape in accordance with the installation location, the appearance at the installation location can be improved, and the design can be enhanced.
  • the outer edge of the glass plate 75 extends outside the glass plate 73 .
  • it may be a curved shape that is the inversion of (A). Also in this case, the outer edge of the glass plate 75 extends outside the glass plate 73 .
  • the sealing material 87 is arranged on the back side of the glass plate 75 when viewed from the glass plate 75 side, so the sealing material 87 is hidden from the glass plate 75 side. You can make it invisible. As a result, the appearance of the installation site can be improved, and the design of the glass plate structure 11 itself can be further enhanced.
  • a glass plate structure including a plurality of laminated glass plates, including an intermediate layer between at least a pair of the glass plates among the glass plates, and partitioning an indoor space from an outdoor space; a vibration output unit fixed to the glass plate structure and vibrating the glass plate structure according to an input signal; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sound from a noise source or a vibration source that is correlated with the sound vibration induced in the glass plate structure and outputs a reference signal according to the detection result; a room sound detection unit that detects sound in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit having an adaptive filter that generates a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal so that the error signal is minimized, and that outputs the cancellation signal from the adaptive filter to the vibration output unit; Sound insulation with According to this sound insulation device, the transmission of noise from the outside to the inside of the room can be suppressed by vibrating the glass plate structure with the vibration output part.
  • the glass plate structure has a loss coefficient of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 or more at 25° C., and a longitudinal wave sound velocity value in the thickness direction of 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 m/s or more at 25° C.
  • the sound insulation device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the glass plate structure is at least one of a side window, rear window, front window, and roof glazing of a vehicle. According to this sound insulation device, it is possible to suppress the inflow of noise from the glass plate structures provided in the side windows, rear windows, front windows, roof glazing, etc. of the vehicle, thereby making the interior of the vehicle quiet.
  • the glass plate structure surrounds the region where the vibration output part of the glass plate structure is fixed, and exposes the region where the vibration output part of the glass plate structure is not fixed to the outside from the opening.
  • the sound insulation device according to any one of (1) to (8), comprising: According to this sound insulating device, the vibrating region of the glass plate structure provided with the vibration output section is arranged inside the internal space defined by the enclosing member and partitioned by the shielding member.
  • the vibration of the vibration output part Due to the vibration of the vibration output part, sound is radiated from the vibration region of the portion of the glass plate structure outside the internal space, that is, the part where one end of the glass plate structure is exposed to the outside of the internal space from the opening of the internal space. , a uniform sound pressure distribution is formed. In addition, it is possible to suppress leakage of noise from the internal space, thereby suppressing a decrease in directivity. Furthermore, inside the enclosing member, there is provided an internal spatial sound detection section that detects the sound emitted by the vibration output section and outputs an error signal according to the detection result. Therefore, it is possible to output the cancellation signal from the control section so that the error signal from the internal spatial sound detection section is minimized.
  • the vibration of the vibration output unit is generated in the inner space of the enclosing member.
  • the sound can be canceled, and the silent effect in the room can be further enhanced.
  • a ratio Ss/Sv between the area Ss of the vibration region of the glass plate structure and the area Sv of the vibration region is 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less, (9) or (10) ). According to this sound insulation device, efficient excitation driving can be realized without lowering the generation efficiency of sound pressure by acoustic radiation from the vibration area A2 corresponding to the vibration generated by the vibration output section.
  • the sound insulation device according to any one of (9) to (12), further comprising a support member for supporting the glass plate structure on the enclosing member. According to this sound insulation device, the glass plate structure is supported by the enclosing member by the supporting member.
  • a glass plate structure configured by stacking a plurality of glass plates, including an intermediate layer between at least a pair of the glass plates among the glass plates, and partitioning an indoor space from an outdoor space.
  • the transmission of noise from the outside to the inside of the room can be suppressed by vibrating the glass plate structure according to the cancel signal that minimizes the error signal.
  • a high frequency band for example, noise exceeding 150 Hz
  • it is possible to effectively reduce noise in a high frequency band for example, noise exceeding 150 Hz
  • it is possible to suppress the inflow of outdoor noise through the window itself it is possible to reduce the noise in the room regardless of the sound environment in the room.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/002062 2021-01-25 2022-01-20 遮音装置 Ceased WO2022158542A1 (ja)

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CN202280011172.1A CN116783646A (zh) 2021-01-25 2022-01-20 隔音装置
JP2022576746A JP7754110B2 (ja) 2021-01-25 2022-01-20 遮音装置
EP22742661.6A EP4282709B1 (en) 2021-01-25 2022-01-20 Sound shielding device
US18/357,420 US12293755B2 (en) 2021-01-25 2023-07-24 Sound shielding device

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WO2025028236A1 (ja) * 2023-08-01 2025-02-06 Ａｇｃ株式会社 ガラス振動板の制御装置及び制御プログラム

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CN116783646A (zh) 2023-09-19
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US20230368769A1 (en) 2023-11-16
US12293755B2 (en) 2025-05-06
EP4282709A4 (en) 2024-12-18
EP4282709A1 (en) 2023-11-29

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