WO2022148024A1 - 宫腔镜及鞘体结构 - Google Patents

宫腔镜及鞘体结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022148024A1
WO2022148024A1 PCT/CN2021/115051 CN2021115051W WO2022148024A1 WO 2022148024 A1 WO2022148024 A1 WO 2022148024A1 CN 2021115051 W CN2021115051 W CN 2021115051W WO 2022148024 A1 WO2022148024 A1 WO 2022148024A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheath
hysteroscope
instrument
channel
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/115051
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨翔
王臣峰
郝进争
李强
Original Assignee
上海宇度医学科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海宇度医学科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海宇度医学科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022148024A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022148024A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/303—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
    • A61B1/00137—End pieces at either end of the endoscope, e.g. caps, seals or forceps plugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of uterine cavity medical treatment, and further relates to a hysteroscope and a sheath body structure.
  • Hysteroscope is a surgical instrument used in gynecology. For all uterine space-occupying lesions, endometrial biopsy, adhesion release, and septate uterus, it can be directly operated by hysteroscope. At present, the surgical instruments used in conjunction with hysteroscopy include electric cutter instruments, cold knife instruments and planer systems.
  • the conventional straight outer sheath has the following defects: first, the edge of the outer sheath is sharp, causing sharp cutting damage to the uterine cavity during the process of entering and exiting the uterine cavity, causing Complications such as cervical atresia; second, there is often a gap between the traditional circular outer sheath and the elliptical mirror body structure, which causes the perfusate flowing out of the instrument channel to form a short-circuit backflow through the above-mentioned gap, which cannot effectively form an effective circulation in the uterine cavity.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hysteroscope and a sheath body structure.
  • the distal outer sheath and the inner sheath of the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope are connected by an arc transition structure, so that the sheath body structure
  • the distal end has an arc-shaped transition structure, which can avoid damage to the uterine cavity during the process of extending into the uterine cavity.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope, including:
  • an inner sheath the inner sheath is placed in the outer sheath, and a backflow gap is formed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the distal end of the inner sheath extends to the outer side of the distal end of the outer sheath;
  • An arc-shaped transition structure transitions between the distal end of the outer sheath and the inner sheath; wherein the distal end of the outer sheath has a backflow hole at a position corresponding to the backflow gap.
  • the inner sheath and the outer sheath are arranged concentrically, and two backflow gaps are formed on both sides of the inner sheath.
  • the inner sheath is eccentrically arranged in the channel of the outer sheath, one side of the inner sheath is arranged in contact with the outer sheath, and the other side of the inner sheath is formed between the outer sheath and the outer sheath. the backflow gap.
  • two backflow gaps are formed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the two backflow gaps are separated from each other, and the outer sheath has two sets of backflow holes, corresponding to the two backflow gaps respectively.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the distal end of the inner sheath is oval
  • the cross-sectional shape of the distal end of the outer sheath is circular
  • the length of the long axis of the oval inner sheath is the same as the length of the circular outer sheath.
  • the diameters of the sheaths are the same.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath is circular or oval.
  • the size of the arc-shaped transition structure gradually decreases.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath extends outward and is bent to form the arc-shaped transition structure.
  • the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope further comprises a mirror body, the mirror body is mounted on the lens mounting position of the distal end of the inner sheath of the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope, and the mirror body has a mirror body with the inner sheath.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the distal end of the inner sheath is oval.
  • the present invention further provides a hysteroscope, comprising:
  • sheath structure of the hysteroscope described in any one of the above is mounted on the main body of the hysteroscope;
  • the channel sealing mechanism is installed between the hysteroscope main body and the working hand piece;
  • the channel sealing mechanism of the hysteroscope includes:
  • Channel sealing seat including valve seat and locking seat
  • the channel sealing valve is installed between the valve seat and the locking seat;
  • the channel sealing valve includes:
  • the second sealing member, the first sealing member and the second sealing member are arranged on top of each other, and the second sealing member protrudes in a direction away from the first sealing member corresponding to the position of the first opening to form a convex
  • a buffer cavity is formed between the protruding portion of the second sealing member and the first sealing member, and the second protruding portion has a second opening.
  • the main body of the hysteroscope has a working pipeline
  • the hysteroscope further includes a working instrument adapted to pass through the working hand and the channel sealing mechanism;
  • the working pipeline has a second latching portion disposed at a preset distance from the channel sealing valve, and at least a part of the second latching portion is located on the entry path of the sleeve; passing through the seal
  • the sleeve of the opening of the component can be in contact with the second retaining portion, and as the instrument body continues to advance, the first retaining portion compresses the elastic member, and the instrument body extends out the sleeve;
  • the working equipment includes:
  • the instrument body, the head end has a first clamping part
  • a sleeve assembly mounted on the head end of the instrument body, the sleeve assembly comprising a sleeve and an elastic member, the sleeve surrounds and forms an instrument channel, the instrument body is installed in the instrument channel, and the first The latching portion is in contact with the elastic member, and pushes the instrument body to move relative to the sleeve in the instrument channel, and the first latching portion can compress the elastic member;
  • the head end of the instrument body when the compression amount of the elastic member is less than or equal to the preset value, the head end of the instrument body is located in the instrument channel; when the compression amount of the elastic member is greater than the preset value, the The head end of the instrument body extends out of the sleeve.
  • the hysteroscope and the sheath body structure provided by the present invention, the outer sheath and the inner sheath of the distal end of the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope are connected by an arc transition structure, so that the distal end of the sheath body structure is connected.
  • the arc-shaped transition structure can avoid damage to the uterine cavity during the process of extending into the uterine cavity.
  • two backflow gaps are formed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath of the hysteroscope, and the liquid in the uterine cavity can enter the backflow gap from two directions and Excretion, which can speed up the excretion of fluid in the uterine cavity.
  • Fig. 1 is the side view of the hysteroscope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of the hysteroscope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of C place in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first variant embodiment of the enlarged structure at C in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional view at A-A place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is the sectional view at B-B place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is the front view of the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the second variant embodiment at A-A in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second variant embodiment taken from B-B in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of the sheath structure of the hysteroscope according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a front view of the third modified embodiment of the sheath structure of the hysteroscope according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of the hysteroscope of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the channel sealing mechanism of the hysteroscope according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the channel sealing valve of the hysteroscope according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a front view of the channel sealing valve of the hysteroscope according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the sleeve assembly of the hysteroscope according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a modified embodiment of the sleeve assembly of the hysteroscope according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention in a non-extended state;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a modified embodiment of the sleeve assembly of the hysteroscope according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention in the extended state.
  • Working pipe 10c channel sealing mechanism 2c, channel sealing seat 21c, valve seat 211c, mounting groove 2110c, locking seat 212c, locking piece 2121c, channel sealing valve 22c, first sealing piece 221c, first opening 2210c, first The joint portion 2211c, the second sealing member 222c, the second opening 2220c, the protruding portion 223c, the buffer cavity 2230c, the second joint portion 2221c, the connecting piece 224c, the locking projection 225c, the first limit portion 226c, the second limit Position part 227c, working instrument 3c, instrument body 31c, working hand piece 32c, sleeve assembly 4c, sleeve 41c, instrument channel 40c, elastic piece 42c, first locking part 51c, second locking part 52c, third Detent part 53c.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope provided by the present invention passes between the outer sheath and the inner sheath at the distal end of the sheath.
  • the arc-shaped structure transitions smoothly, which can reduce the damage to the uterine cavity during the process of extending into the uterine cavity, and improve the safety performance of the hysteroscope.
  • the sheath structure of the hysteroscope includes an outer sheath 1 and an inner sheath 2, and the inner sheath 2 is placed in the outer sheath 1 and between the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 A backflow gap 10 is formed, and the distal end of the inner sheath 2 extends to the outer side of the distal end of the outer sheath 1; wherein the cross-sectional shape of the inner sheath 2 is oval, and the distal end of the inner sheath 2 has a lens mount Position 21; wherein the arc-shaped transition structure 3 transitions between the distal end of the inner sheath 2 and the distal end of the outer sheath 1 .
  • the inner sheath 2 protrudes from the outer side of the arc-shaped transition structure 3 .
  • the head end of the inner sheath 2 can also be tangent to the arc-shaped transition structure 3 .
  • the inner sheath 2 has an instrument channel 20 for the passage of instruments.
  • the distal end of the sheath structure of the hysteroscope is adapted to extend into the uterine cavity, the liquid is adapted to enter the uterine cavity through the instrument channel 20, and the liquid in the uterine cavity passes through the inner cavity.
  • the backflow gap 10 between the sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 leaves.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath 1 and the distal end of the inner sheath 2 are transitioned through the arc-shaped transition structure 3, and the arc-shaped transition structure 3.
  • the connection between the outer sheath 1 and the inner sheath 2 can be smoothly transitioned to avoid damage to the uterine cavity during the process of extending into the uterine cavity.
  • distal end mentioned in the present invention refers to the end extending into or close to the uterine cavity during the working process
  • proximal end corresponding to the distal end refers to the end held by the operator or close to the operation. the end held by the person.
  • the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 are arranged concentrically, and two backflow gaps 10 are formed on both sides of the inner sheath 2 correspondingly.
  • Two backflow gaps 10 are formed between the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1, and the two backflow gaps 10 are separated from each other.
  • the outer sheath 1 has two sets of backflow holes 11, corresponding to two The backflow gap 10 is described. It should be pointed out that the two backflow gaps 10 are independent of each other, and one of them can be selected and used during the backflow process to change the outflow direction of the fluid in the uterine cavity.
  • sectional shape of the distal end of the inner sheath 2 is an ellipse
  • sectional shape of the distal end of the outer sheath 1 is a circle
  • the length of the long axis of the inner sheath 2 of the ellipse is the same as that of the circle.
  • the diameters of the outer sheaths 1 are the same.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath 1 is rounded.
  • the circular outer sheath 1 and the oval inner sheath 2 are arranged concentrically, and two reflux gaps 10 are formed between the circular outer sheath 1 and the oval inner sheath 2 .
  • the two backflow gaps 10 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the oval inner sheath 2, and are located on both sides of the oval inner sheath 2.
  • the liquid in the uterine cavity can enter the backflow gaps 10 in two directions respectively, so as to improve the uterine cavity.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath 1 is provided with the backflow hole 11 at the position corresponding to the backflow gap 10 , and the backflow hole 11 communicates with the backflow gap 10 .
  • the liquid enters the uterine cavity through the instrument channel 20 of the inner sheath 2 , and the liquid in the uterine cavity passes through all the parts on the outer sheath 1 .
  • the recirculation hole 11 enters the recirculation gap 10 and is discharged through the recirculation gap 10 to complete the entire liquid circulation.
  • the number of the backflow gaps 10 between the outer sheath 1 and the inner sheath 2 is two, the two outer walls of the outer sheath 1 corresponding to the two backflow gaps 10 are respectively provided with preset A number of the return holes 11 are provided.
  • the inner sheath 2 is eccentrically arranged on the outer sheath 1 , that is, the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 2 are arranged eccentrically.
  • the centers of the sheaths 1 are offset from each other by a predetermined distance.
  • one side of the inner sheath 2 is arranged in close contact with the outer sheath 1 , and the backflow gap 10 is formed between the other side of the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 .
  • a backflow gap 10 is formed between the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 .
  • the backflow gap 10 formed between the inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 1 has a larger size and is more Facilitates the discharge of the intrauterine fluid. It should also be noted that the size of the instrument channel 20 can be increased by eccentrically disposing the inner sheath 2 in the outer sheath 1 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the outer sheath 1 is circular. That is to say, the cross-sectional shape of the inner sheath 2 is an ellipse, the cross-sectional shape of the outer sheath 1 is a circle, and the backflow gap 10 may be formed between the outer sheath 1 and the inner sheath 2 . Two such reflow gaps 10 can also be formed. Optionally, when two backflow gaps 10 are formed between the outer sheath 1 and the inner sheath 2, the sizes of the two backflow gaps 10 may be the same or different.
  • the liquid in the uterine cavity located at both ends of the outer sheath 1 is discharged evenly outward; when the sizes of the two reflux gaps are different, the liquid in the uterine cavity located at both ends of the outer sheath 1 is discharged.
  • the liquid can be discharged at a differential speed to meet a variety of different usage needs.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the outer sheath 1 can also be elliptical, that is, the distal end of the outer sheath 1 and the distal end of the inner sheath 2 are both elliptical.
  • the long axis of the ellipse of the cross section of the outer sheath 1 and the long axis of the ellipse of the cross section of the inner sheath 2 are arranged to coincide with each other.
  • the long axis of the ellipse of the cross-section of the outer sheath 1 can also be perpendicular to the ellipse of the cross-section of the inner sheath 2 .
  • the specific arrangement angle between the outer sheath 1 and the inner sheath 2 should not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
  • the size of the arc-shaped transition structure 3 gradually decreases. That is to say, along the direction in which the sheath body structure extends into the uterine cavity, the size of the arc-shaped transition structure 3 is gradually reduced, so that the sheath body structure can enter the uterine cavity.
  • the distal end of the outer sheath 1 extends outward and is bent to form the arc-shaped transition structure 3 . That is to say, in this preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped transition structure 3 is integrally formed by the outer sheath 1 extending outwards, so that the smoothness of the arc-shaped transition structure 3 can be increased, and the sheath body structure can be easily adjusted. Install.
  • the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope further includes a mirror body 4, and the mirror body 4 is mounted on the lens mounting position 21 of the inner sheath 2 of the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope , the scope 4 has a channel opening corresponding to the instrument channel 20 of the inner sheath 2 .
  • the diameter of the instrument channel 20 of the inner sheath 2 is larger than the diameter of the scope 4 .
  • the distal end of the inner sheath 2 is provided with an illuminating member 22, and the illuminating member 22 is arranged adjacent to the mirror body 4 for illuminating the uterine cavity during use, which is convenient for uterine cavity inspection or The performance of uterine surgery.
  • the instrument channels 20 are respectively circular.
  • the instrument channel 20 is elliptical.
  • the instrument Two water inlet channels are formed between the two sides of the inner sheath and the water inlet is more smooth.
  • the hysteroscope provided by the present invention is explained, and the channel sealing mechanism of the hysteroscope provided by the present invention can better pass through the working instrument 3c, replace the working instrument 3c and When the working instrument 3c is missing, the outflow of the liquid in the working pipe is reduced, and the liquid pressure in the working pipe during the use of the hysteroscope is maintained in the range of 80-120 mmHg.
  • the hysteroscope provided by the present invention includes the hysteroscope main body 5 and the sheath body structure of the hysteroscope described in the above preferred embodiment.
  • the hysteroscope also includes a channel sealing mechanism 2c and a working instrument 3c.
  • the hysteroscope main body 5 has a working pipe 10c; the working instrument 3c includes an instrument body and a working hand piece 32c, and the working hand piece 32c is installed on the instrument body; the channel sealing mechanism 2c is suitable for being installed in any Between the working hand piece 32c and the hysteroscope main body 5, the instrument body is suitable for being installed into the working pipe 10c; the channel sealing mechanism 2c can be used in the process of the instrument body entering and exiting the working pipe 10c It plays a role of sealing in the working pipe 10c to prevent the liquid in the working pipe 10c from leaking during the process of the instrument body entering and exiting the working pipe 10c.
  • working instruments 3c include but are not limited to electrodes (ring or needle), surgical instruments (forceps, scissors, hooks, shovels, etc.) and working instruments such as planing heads.
  • the channel sealing mechanism 2c includes a channel sealing seat 21c and a channel sealing valve 22c
  • the channel sealing valve seat 21c includes a valve seat 211c and a locking seat 212c
  • the channel sealing valve 22c is mounted on the valve seat 211c and the locking seat 212c.
  • the valve seat 211c is suitable for being installed on the hysteroscope main body 5, and the working hand piece 32c of the working instrument 3c is suitable for being installed on the locking seat 212c.
  • the channel sealing valve 22c includes a first sealing member 221c and a second sealing member 222c.
  • the first sealing member 221c has a first opening 2210c;
  • the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are stacked on each other, and the second sealing member 222c protrudes in a direction away from the first sealing member 221c corresponding to the position of the first opening 2210c to form a protrusion.
  • a buffer cavity 2230c is formed between the raised portion 223c of the second sealing member 222c and the first sealing member 221c, and the raised portion 223c has a second opening 2220c.
  • the channel sealing valve 22c includes two sealing members arranged on top of each other.
  • the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c is in a closed state to prevent leakage of the liquid in the working pipe 10c.
  • the instrument body fills the first opening 2210c of the first sealing member 221c, which can effectively prevent liquid from passing through the first sealing member The junction of 221c with the instrument body leaks.
  • the second opening 2220c is a "one"-shaped opening
  • the first opening 2210c is a circular opening.
  • the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are respectively made of medical silicone material.
  • the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c can automatically return to a closed state when there is no entry or exit of the instrument body.
  • the protruding portion 223c of the second sealing member 222c is a hemispherical protuberance.
  • the protruding portion 223c of the second sealing member 222c can be formed between the second sealing members 222c, which shortens the distance between the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c, and facilitates the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 221c. Installation of the second seal 222c.
  • the channel sealing valve 22c further includes a connecting piece 224c, the connecting piece 224c connects the first sealing piece 221c and the second sealing piece 222c, the first sealing piece 221c and the second sealing piece
  • the member 222c can rotate about the connecting member 224c.
  • first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are connected through the connecting member 224c, so that the corresponding first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are composed of One unit, which facilitates assembly during production and prevents the loss of seals.
  • the connecting member 224c, the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are integrally formed and connected to each other.
  • the predetermined position of the first sealing member 221c extends radially outward to form a first joint portion 2211c, and the predetermined position of the second sealing member 222c extends radially outward to form a second joint portion 2221c.
  • the joint portion 2211c corresponds to the second joint portion 2221c; the first joint portion 2211c has an axial through hole, the second joint portion 2221c has an axial locking protrusion 225c, and the locking protrusion 225c adapted to pass through the through hole.
  • the locking protrusion 225c passes through the through hole to connect the first joint portion 2211c and the second joint portion 2221c, and keeps the first sealing member 221c and the second joint portion 221c during installation.
  • the seals 222c are in a state of overlapping each other, which is convenient for production and assembly.
  • the valve seat 211c has an installation groove 2110c, and the channel sealing valve 22c is installed in the installation groove 2110c; the valve seat 211c also has a first limit that communicates with the installation groove 2110c slot and second limit slot.
  • the superimposed connecting member 224c forms a first limiting portion 226c
  • the superimposed first joint portion 2211c and The second joint portion 2221c forms a second limiting portion 227c; the first limiting portion 226c and the second limiting portion 227c are respectively adapted to be mounted on the channel sealing seat 21c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c The first limit slot and the second limit slot.
  • the connecting line between the first limiting portion 226c and the second limiting portion 227c of the channel sealing valve is in the same direction as the extending direction of the opening length of the second opening 2220c in the "one" shape.
  • the connecting line between the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove of the valve seat 211c and the connection between the first limiting portion 226c and the second limiting portion 227c Lines coincide.
  • the channel sealing valve 22c can be pre-installed, which is convenient for the valve seat 211c and the locking seat 212c
  • a certain positional relationship between the second sealing member 222c and the valve seat 211c can be maintained, so that the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c is vertically installed on the valve seat 211c. Describe the valve seat 211c.
  • a preset position of the valve seat 211c has an assembling groove
  • a preset position of the locking seat 212c has an assembling protrusion
  • the assembling protrusion is suitable for being installed in the assembling groove.
  • the number of the assembling grooves of the valve seat 211c is two, the number of the assembling protrusions of the locking seat 212c is also two, and the two assembling protrusions are respectively installed with the two assembling grooves;
  • the locking seat 212c has a third fitting groove at a position corresponding to the second limiting portion 227c of the channel sealing valve 22c for accommodating the locking protrusion 225c passing through the first coupling portion 2211c.
  • the two assembling protrusions and the third assembling groove of the locking seat 212c are distributed in a triangle, and only the two assembling protrusions and the two The channel sealing valve 22c can be installed between the valve seat 211c and the locking seat 212c only when the assembling grooves correspond and the locking protrusions 225c correspond to the third assembling grooves.
  • a locking piece 2121c is installed on the locking seat 212c, and the locking piece 2121c can lock the working hand piece 32c after the working hand piece 32c is installed on the locking seat 212c, so as to improve the The stability of the connection between the working hand piece 32c and the locking seat 212c is improved.
  • one end of the locking seat 212c connected to the working hand piece 32c is a conical groove
  • one end of the working hand piece 32c connecting to the locking seat 212c is a conical protrusion.
  • the conical protrusion of 32c is matched with the conical groove of the locking seat 212c, so that the tightness of the connection between the locking seat 212c and the working hand piece 32c can be improved.
  • valve seat 211c is mounted on the hysteroscope main body 5 by means of screw connection, and one end of the valve seat 211c connected to the hysteroscope main body 5 has an internal thread, and the hysteroscope main body 5 is connected to the hysteroscope main body 5 .
  • One end of the valve seat 211c has an external thread.
  • the preset position of the valve seat 211c has an installation mark, which is used to make the “one”-shaped second opening 2220c correspond to the process of installing the channel sealing mechanism 2c on the hysteroscope main body 5
  • the hysteroscope main body 5 is installed vertically.
  • the mechanical channel of the locking seat 212c is of a non-circular design, which ensures that during the insertion and removal of the working instrument 3c, the working instrument 3c that is not symmetrical at any angle (such as annular, hook) can enter and exit at a predetermined angle.
  • the customized motor needs to be designed to be non-circular to match the mechanical channel of the locking seat 212c, which is simple in structure, low in cost and high in process stability.
  • the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c is in a closed state, and can The liquid in the working pipe 10c is prevented from leaking during the process of passing the head end of the instrument body through the first sealing member 221c.
  • the instrument body fills the first opening of the first sealing member 221c 2210c, so as to prevent the liquid in the working pipe 10c from leaking during the process of the instrument body passing through the second seal 222c.
  • the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c is automatically switched to a closed state, cutting off the working pipe 10c and the buffer cavity 2230c; at this time, the device body still fills the first opening 2210c of the first sealing member 221c, and the liquid still does not leak. After the instrument body exits the first seal 221c, only a small amount of liquid in the buffer cavity 2230c leaks.
  • the end of the working pipe 10c is made of PEEK material, so as to prevent damage to the end of the working pipe 10c during the working process of the working instrument 3c, and can isolate the current to prevent leakage accidents. occur.
  • the second preferred embodiment of the hysteroscope channel sealing mechanism provided by the present invention is described, and the difference between the hysteroscope channel sealing mechanism of the second preferred embodiment and the above preferred embodiment
  • the second preferred embodiment it further includes a sleeve assembly installed on the working instrument 3c, the sleeve assembly can prevent the working instrument 3c from passing through the channel sealing mechanism 2c during the process of The head end of the working instrument 3c is in contact with the channel sealing mechanism 2c, so that the relatively precise head end of the working instrument 3c can be protected.
  • the hysteroscope further includes a sleeve assembly 4c, which is adapted to be mounted on the instrument body 31c of the working instrument 3c, for use in the working instrument 3c
  • the instrument body 31c provides protection for the head end of the instrument body 31c during the process of being installed on the working pipe 10c.
  • the sleeve assembly 4c includes a sleeve 41c and an elastic member 42c, the sleeve 41c surrounds and forms an instrument channel 40c, and the elastic member 42c is installed in the instrument channel 40c of the sleeve 41c.
  • the instrument body 31c of the working instrument 3c can pass through the instrument channel 40c to mount the sleeve assembly 4c to the working instrument 3c.
  • the instrument body 31c has a first locking portion 51c, when the sleeve assembly 4c is installed on the working instrument 3c, the first locking portion 51c can be in contact with the elastic member 42c, So that the working instrument 3c can drive the sleeve assembly 4c to move together.
  • the head end of the instrument body 31c is located at the end of the sleeve 41c inside the instrument channel 40c; when the first detent portion 51c of the instrument body 31c moves in the sleeve 41c and compresses the elastic member 42c by a compression amount greater than a preset value, the instrument body The head end of 31c moves out of the instrument channel 40c of the sleeve 41c.
  • the working pipe 10c further has a second locking portion 52c, and the second locking portion 52c and the channel sealing mechanism 2c are adjacent to the same straight line.
  • the sleeve of the sleeve assembly 4c After the barrel 41c passes through the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c, it can contact the second locking portion 52c, and the second locking portion 52c can The movement depth of the sleeve 41c in the working pipe 10c is limited, so that the first retaining portion 51c of the instrument body 31c can compress the elastic member 42c in the sleeve 41c, so that The working instrument 3c can be moved to the outside of the instrument channel 40c of the sleeve 41c.
  • the second opening 2220c of the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c is a "cross" shape.
  • the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c are made of medical silicone material.
  • the instrument body 31c together with the sleeve assembly 41c is aligned with the working pipe 10c, after the instrument body 31c and the sleeve assembly 41c are pushed forward During the process, the sleeve 41c of the sleeve assembly 4c first comes into contact with the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c, and passes through the channel sealing member in sequence The first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the mechanism 2c; continue to push the instrument body 31c of the working instrument 3c forward, the sleeve 41c is in contact with the second locking portion 52c Contact, the sleeve 41c stops moving in the working pipe 10c; continue to push the instrument body 31c forward, the head end of the instrument body 31c protrudes out of the sleeve 41c and can work.
  • the head end of the instrument body 31c is always kept in the sleeve 41c.
  • the sleeve 41c is in contact with the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c, and passes through the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c.
  • the head end of the instrument body 31c is not in contact with the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c, so that the The head end of the instrument body 31c is effectively protected.
  • the elastic member 42c in the sleeve 41c gradually returns to its original shape, and the The head end gradually enters the sleeve 41c; as the working instrument 3c continues to withdraw, the head end of the instrument body passes through the passage under the protection of the sleeve 41c of the sleeve assembly 4c
  • the first sealing member 221c and the second sealing member 222c of the sealing mechanism 2c complete the withdrawal operation of the working implement 3c.
  • the distance between the second locking portion 52c and the channel sealing mechanism 2c is greater than the length of the sleeve 41c.
  • the rear wall of the sleeve 41c is sealed with the instrument body 31c, and the head end of the sleeve 41c can be connected with the first sealing member 221c and the first sealing member 221c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c at the head end of the sleeve 41c
  • the second seal 222c contacts and passes through the channel sealing mechanism 2c, the liquid enters the sleeve 41c and leaks through the connection between the sleeve 41c and the working device 3c.
  • the sealing mechanism at the connection between the sleeve 41c and the working instrument 3c is a medical silicone pad.
  • the working instrument 3c is pushed forward to enter, and the sleeve 41c stops.
  • the first locking portion 51c of the working tool 3c compresses the elastic member 42c.
  • the elastic member 42c in the sleeve 41c is restored to its original length, the first locking position on the instrument body 31c
  • the portion 51c is in contact with the rear wall of the sleeve 41c and can pull the sleeve 41c away through the first seal 221c and the second seal 222c of the channel sealing mechanism 2c.
  • the elastic member 42c is located between the sleeve 41c and the first locking portion 51c.
  • the instrument body 31c further includes a third detent portion 53c, and the third detent portion 53c is located in the instrument channel 40c surrounded by the sleeve 41c.
  • the rear wall of the sleeve 41c and the elastic member 42c are respectively located between the third locking portion 53c and the first locking portion 51c.
  • the first locking portion 51c pushes the The elastic piece 42c pushes the sleeve 41c to move synchronously, and the head end of the instrument body 31c is located in the instrument channel 40c of the sleeve 41c, so as to protect the head of the instrument body 31c
  • the sleeve 41c stops moving, and the first locking portion 51c is compressed
  • the elastic member 42c and the head end of the instrument body 31c protrude from the sleeve 41c.
  • the elastic member 42c gradually returns to its original shape, and the head end of the instrument body 31c moves into the Sleeve 41c.
  • the third locking portion 53c contacts the rear wall of the sleeve 41c, and pulls the sleeve 41c to withdraw together.
  • the present invention further provides a channel sealing method for a hysteroscope, comprising:
  • the elastic member 42c is pushed through the first locking portion 51c of the working instrument 3c, so as to drive the sleeve 41c located outside the working instrument 3c to move through it together
  • the channel sealing mechanism 2c and in the process of passing the head end of the sleeve 41c through the channel sealing mechanism 2c, the head end of the working instrument 3c is located in the sleeve 41c; wherein the channel sealing mechanism 2c located in the working pipeline 10c;
  • the channel sealing method of the hysteroscope also includes:
  • the elastic member 42c is used to move toward the sleeve by means of the elastic member 42c.
  • the barrel 41c exerts a force, so that the head end of the sleeve 41c is kept in contact with the second locking portion 52c, so that the head end of the working instrument 3c enters the sleeve 41c;
  • the first engaging portion 51c or the third engaging portion 53c on the working tool 3c contacts the rear wall of the sleeve 41c and pulls The sleeve 41c passes through the channel sealing mechanism 2c along with the working implement 3c.

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Abstract

宫腔镜及鞘体结构，宫腔镜包括鞘体结构和宫腔镜主体(5)，鞘体结构包括：外鞘(1)；内鞘(2)，内鞘(2)置于外鞘(1)内，并在内鞘(2)和外鞘(1)之间形成回流间隙(10)，内鞘(2)的远端延伸至外鞘(1)的远端外侧；其中外鞘(1)的远端和内鞘(2)之间通过弧形过渡结构(3)过渡；其中外鞘(1)的远端对应回流间隙(10)的位置具有回流孔(11)。宫腔镜的鞘体结构的远端外鞘(1)和内鞘(2)之间通过弧形过渡结构(3)连接，使得鞘体结构的远端具有圆弧形的过渡结构(3)，能够避免在伸入宫腔的过程中对宫腔造成损伤。

Description

宫腔镜及鞘体结构 技术领域
本发明涉及宫腔医疗领域，进一步地涉及宫腔镜及鞘体结构。
背景技术
宫腔镜是妇科用手术器械，对于所有宫腔占位性病变、内膜活检、粘连松解、纵隔子宫，均能够通过宫腔镜直接进行手术治疗。目前，配合宫腔镜使用的手术器械包括电切刀器械、冷刀器械以及刨削刀系统等。
在现有的宫腔镜的带器械通道的镜体结构中，常规直筒式外鞘存在如下缺陷：第一，外鞘边缘锐利，进出宫腔的过程中对宫腔形成锐型切割损伤，造成宫颈闭锁等并发症；第二，传统圆形外鞘和椭圆镜体结构之间往往存在间隙，导致从器械通道流出的灌流液通过上述间隙形成短路回流，无法有效在宫腔内形成有效循环。
综上所述，需要对传统宫腔镜带器械通道的镜体结构进行改进。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供宫腔镜及鞘体结构，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的远端外鞘和内鞘之间通过弧形过渡结构连接，使得鞘体结构的远端具有圆弧形的过渡结构，能够避免在伸入宫腔的过程中对宫腔造成损伤。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的目的在于提供宫腔镜的鞘体结构，包括：
外鞘；
内鞘，所述内鞘置于所述外鞘内，并在所述内鞘和所述外鞘之间形成回流间隙，所述内鞘的远端延伸至所述外鞘的远端外侧；其中所述外鞘的远端和所述内鞘之间通过弧形过渡结构过渡；其中所述外鞘的远端对应所述回流间隙的 位置具有回流孔。
优选地，所述内鞘与所述外鞘同心设置，所述内鞘的两侧对应形成两个回流间隙。
优选地，所述内鞘在所述外鞘的通道内偏心设置，所述内鞘的一侧与所述外鞘贴合设置，所述内鞘的另一侧与所述外鞘之间形成所述回流间隙。
优选地，所述内鞘和所述外鞘之间形成两个回流间隙，并且两个所述回流间隙相互分隔，所述外鞘上具有两组回流孔，分别对应两个所述回流间隙。
优选地，所述内鞘的远端的截面形状是椭圆形，所述外鞘的远端的截面形状是圆形，椭圆形的所述内鞘的长轴的长度与圆形的所述外鞘的直径相同。
优选地，所述外鞘的远端是圆形或椭圆形。
优选地，由所述外鞘的所述远端至所述内鞘的所述远端的方向，所述弧形过渡结构的尺寸逐渐减小。
优选地，所述外鞘的所述远端向外延伸并弯折形成所述弧形过渡结构。
优选地，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构还包括镜体，所述镜体安装于所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的内鞘远端的镜片安装位，所述镜体上具有与内鞘的器械通道相对应的通道开口。
优选地，所述内鞘的远端的截面形状是椭圆形。
根据本发明的另一方面，本发明进一步提供宫腔镜，包括：
宫腔镜主体；
上述任一项所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构安装于所述宫腔镜主体；
宫腔镜的通道密封机构；
工作手件，所述通道密封机构安装于所述宫腔镜主体和所述工作手件之间；
其中所述宫腔镜的通道密封机构，包括：
通道密封座，包括阀座和锁止座；
通道密封阀，所述通道密封阀安装于所述阀座和所述锁止座之间；
所述通道密封阀包括：
第一密封件，具有第一开口；
第二密封件，所述第一密封件和所述第二密封件相互叠层设置，所述第二密封件对应所述第一开口的位置向远离所述第一密封件的方向突出形成凸起部，所述第二密封件的所述凸起部与所述第一密封件之间形成缓冲腔，所述第二凸起部具有第二开口。
进一步地，所述宫腔镜主体具有工作管道；
所述宫腔镜还包括工作器械，所述工作器械适于穿过所述工作手件以及所述通道密封机构；
其中所述工作管道内具有与所述通道密封阀间隔预设距离设置的第二卡位部，所述第二卡位部的至少一部分位于所述套筒的进入路径上；穿过所述密封件的所述开口的所述套筒能够与所述第二卡位部相接触，随着所述器械本体的继续推进，所述第一卡位部压缩所述弹性件，所述器械本体伸出所述套筒；
其中，所述工作器械，包括：
器械本体，头端具有第一卡位部；
安装于所述器械本体的头端的套筒组件，所述套筒组件包括套筒和弹性件，所述套筒围绕形成器械通道，所述器械本体安装于所述器械通道，并且所述第一卡位部与所述弹性件相接触，推动所述器械本体在所述器械通道内相对于所述套筒运动，所述第一卡位部能够压缩所述弹性件；
其中，当所述弹性件的压缩量小于或等于预设值时，所述器械本体的头端位于所述器械通道内；当所述弹性件的压缩量大于所述预设值时，所述器械本体的头端伸出所述套筒。
本发明所提供的宫腔镜及鞘体结构具有以下至少一条有益效果：
1、本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜及鞘体结构，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的远端外鞘和内鞘之间通过弧形过渡结构连接，使得鞘体结构的远端具有圆弧形的过渡结构，能够避免在伸入宫腔的过程中对宫腔造成损伤。
2、本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜及鞘体结构，所述宫腔镜的内鞘和外鞘之间形成两个回流间隙，宫腔中的液体能够从两个方向进入回流间隙并排出，能够加快宫腔中液体的排出。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对本发明的上述特性、技术特征、优点及其实现方式予以进一步说明。
图1是本发明的优选实施例的宫腔镜的侧视图；
图2是本发明的优选实施例的宫腔镜的俯视图；
图3是图1中C处的放大结构示意图；
图4是图1中C处的放大结构的第一变形实施方式的结构示意图；
图5是图1中A-A处的剖视图；
图6是图1中B-B处的剖视图；
图7是本发明的优选实施例的宫腔镜的鞘体结构的正视图；
图8是图1中A-A处的第二变形实施方式的剖视图；
图9是图1中B-B出的第二变形实施方式的剖视图；
图10是本发明的优选实施例的宫腔镜的鞘体结构的正视图；
图11是本发明的优选实施例的宫腔镜的鞘体结构第三变形实施方式的正视图；
图12是本发明的第一优选实施例的宫腔镜的分解图；
图13是本发明的第一优选实施例的宫腔镜的通道密封机构的分解图；
图14是本发明的第一优选实施例的宫腔镜的通道密封阀的侧视图；
图15是本发明的第一优选实施例的宫腔镜的通道密封阀的正视图；
图16是本发明的第二优选实施例的宫腔镜的套筒组件的结构示意图；
图17是本发明的第二优选实施例的宫腔镜的套筒组件的一变形实施方式的未伸出状态的结构示意图；
图18是本发明的第二优选实施例的宫腔镜的套筒组件的一变形实施方式的伸出状态的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
外鞘1，回流孔11，内鞘2，器械通道20，镜片安装位21，照明件22，回流间隙10，弧形过渡结构3，镜体4，宫腔镜主体5；
工作管道10c，通道密封机构2c，通道密封座21c，阀座211c，安装槽2110c，锁止座212c，锁止件2121c，通道密封阀22c，第一密封件221c，第一开口2210c，第一结合部2211c，第二密封件222c，第二开口2220c，凸起部223c，缓冲腔2230c，第二结合部2221c，连接件224c，锁止凸起225c，第一限位部226c，第二限位部227c，工作器械3c，器械本体31c，工作手件32c，套筒组件4c，套筒41c，器械通道40c，弹性件42c，第一卡位部51c，第二卡位部52c，第三卡位部53c。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。
为使图面简洁，各图中只示意性地表示出了与发明相关的部分，它们 并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。另外，以使图面简洁便于理解，在有些图中具有相同结构或功能的部件，仅示意性地绘示了其中的一个，或仅标出了其中的一个。在本文中，“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”，也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。
还应当进一步理解，在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
在本文中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
实施例1
参考说明书附图1至图11，本发明所提供的宫腔镜的鞘体结构被阐述，本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的远端的外鞘和内鞘之间通过弧形结构平缓过渡，能够减少在伸入宫腔的过程中对宫腔形成损伤，提高宫腔镜的使用安全性能。
具体地，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构包括外鞘1和内鞘2，所述内鞘2置于所述外鞘1内，并在所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1之间形成回流间隙10，所述内鞘2的远端延伸至所述外鞘1的远端外侧；其中所述内鞘2的截面形状是椭圆形，并且所述内鞘2的远端具有镜片安装位21；其中所述内鞘2的远端和所述外鞘1的远端之间通过弧形过渡结构3过渡。
参考说明书附图3，所述内鞘2凸出于所述弧形过渡结构3的外侧。参考说明书附图4，在本发明的一变形实施方式中，所述内鞘2的头端还能够与所述弧形过渡结构3相切。
所述内鞘2具有器械通道20，供器械通过。在使用过程中，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的远端适于伸入宫腔，液体适于通过所述器械通道20进入所述宫腔，所述宫腔中的液体通过所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1之间的所述回流间隙10离开。本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的所述外鞘1的远端和所述内鞘2的远端之间通过所述弧形过渡结构3过渡，所述弧形过渡结构3能够使得所述外鞘1和所述内鞘2之间的连接平缓过渡，避免伸入宫腔的过程中对宫腔造成损伤。
需要指出的是，本发明中所说的远端指的是工作过程中伸入或靠近宫腔的一端，与所述远端相对应的近端指的是操作者握持的一端或靠近操作者握持的一端。
参考说明书附图5、图6以及图7，优选地，所述内鞘2与所述外鞘1同心设置，所述内鞘2的两侧对应形成两个回流间隙10。其中所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1之间形成两个回流间隙10，并且两个所述回流间隙10相互分隔，所述外鞘1上具有两组回流孔11，分别对应两个所述回流间隙10。需要指出的是，两个所述回流间隙10相互独立，能够在回流过程中选择使用其中一个，改变宫腔内液体的流出方向。
进一步地，所述内鞘2的远端的截面形状是椭圆形，所述外鞘1的远端的截面形状是圆形，椭圆形的所述内鞘2的长轴的长度与圆形的所述外鞘1的直径相同。
优选地，所述外鞘1的远端是圆形。圆形的所述外鞘1和椭圆形的所述内鞘2同心设置，并且圆形的所述外鞘1和椭圆形的所述内鞘2之间形成两个所述回流间隙10。优选地，两个所述回流间隙10相对于椭圆形的 所述内鞘2的中心对称，并位于椭圆形的所述内鞘2的两侧。
需要指出的是，通过设置于所述内鞘2两侧的两个所述回流间隙10，能够使得所述宫腔内的液体在两个方向分别进入所述回流间隙10，提高所述宫腔内的液体的排出效率。
参考说明书附图1和图3，所述外鞘1的远端对应所述回流间隙10的位置开设有所述回流孔11，所述回流孔11连通所述回流间隙10。
在所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的工作过程中，液体经过所述内鞘2的所述器械通道20进入所述宫腔，所述宫腔内的液体经过所述外鞘1上的所述回流孔11进入所述回流间隙10，并通过所述回流间隙10向外排出，完成整个液体的循环。
相应地，由于所述外鞘1和所述内鞘2之间的所述回流间隙10的数量是两个，所述外鞘1对应两个所述回流间隙10的两个外壁分别开设有预设数量的所述回流孔11。
参考说明书附图8、图9以及图10，在本发明的第二变形实施方式中，所述内鞘2偏心设置于所述外鞘1，也就是说，所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1的中心相互偏离预设的距离。在本变形实施方式中，所述内鞘2的一侧与所述外鞘1贴合设置，所述内鞘2的另一侧与所述外鞘1之间形成所述回流间隙10，所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1之间形成一条所述回流间隙10。需要指出的是，由于所述内鞘2在所述外鞘1内偏心设置，所述内鞘2和所述外鞘1之间所形成的一条所述回流间隙10具有较大的尺寸，更加有利于所述宫腔内液体的排出。还需要指出的是，通过将所述内鞘2在所述外鞘1内偏心设置能够增加所述器械通道20的尺寸。
参考说明书附图5、图6以及图7，优选地，所述外鞘1的截面形状是圆形。也就是说，所述内鞘2的截面形状是椭圆形，所述外鞘1的截面形状是圆形，所述外鞘1和所述内鞘2之间既可以形成一个所述回流间隙 10也能够形成两个所述回流间隙10。可选地，当所述外鞘1和所述内鞘2之间形成两个所述回流间隙10时，两个所述回流间隙10的尺寸既可以相同也可以不同，当两个所述回流间隙的尺寸相同时，所述宫腔内位于所述外鞘1两端的液体均匀向外排出；当两个所述回流间隙的尺寸不同是，所述宫腔内位于所述外鞘1两端的液体能够差速向外排出，满足多种不同的使用需求。
可选地，所述外鞘1的截面形状还能够是椭圆形，也就是说，所述外鞘1的远端和所述内鞘2的远端均是椭圆形。优选地，所述外鞘1截面的椭圆形的长轴与所述内鞘2的截面的椭圆形的长轴相重合设置。可选地，所述外鞘1的截面的椭圆形的长轴还能够与所述内鞘2的截面的椭圆形垂直。所述外鞘1和所述内鞘2之间的具体设置角度不应当构成对本发明的限制。
优选地，所述外鞘1的所述远端至所述内鞘2的所述远端的方向，所述弧形过渡结构3的尺寸逐渐减小。也就是说，沿着鞘体结构伸入宫腔的方向，所述弧形过渡结构3的尺寸逐渐减小，以便于所述鞘体结构进入宫腔。
进一步地，在本优选实施例中，所述外鞘1的所述远端向外延伸并弯折形成所述弧形过渡结构3。也就是说，在本优选实施例中，所述弧形过渡结构3由所述外鞘1一体向外延伸而成，从而能够增加所述弧形过渡结构3的平滑性，便于鞘体结构的安装。
参考说明书附图7，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构还包括镜体4，所述镜体4安装于所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的所述内鞘2的所述镜片安装位21，所述镜体4上具有与内鞘2的所述器械通道20相对应的通道开口。
优选地，所述内鞘2的所述器械通道20的直径大于所述镜体4的直径。
参考说明书图7，所述内鞘2的远端安装有照明件22，所述照明件22与所述镜体4相邻设置，用于在使用过程中对宫腔照明，便于宫腔检查或宫腔手术的进行。
参考说明书附图7和图10，所述器械通道20分别是圆形。参考说明书附图11，在本发明的第三变形实施方式中，所述器械通道20是椭圆形，在相同截面积的前提下，椭圆形的所述器械通道20内插入圆形器械后，器械的两侧与内鞘之间形成两个进水通道，进水更加通畅。
实施例2
参考说明书附图12至图15，本发明所提供的宫腔镜被阐述，本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜的通道密封机构能够较好地在工作器械3c穿过、工作器械3c更换以及工作器械3c缺失状态时减少工作管道内液体的流出，保持宫腔镜使用过程中工作管道中的液体压力维持在80-120mmHg的范围。
本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜包括宫腔镜主体5和上述优选实施例所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构。
所述宫腔镜还包括通道密封机构2c以及工作器械3c。所述宫腔镜主体5具有工作管道10c；所述工作器械3c包括器械本体和工作手件32c，所述工作手件32c安装于所述器械本体；所述通道密封机构2c适于安装于所述工作手件32c和所述宫腔镜主体5之间，所述器械本体适于安装进入所述工作管道10c；所述通道密封机构2c能够在所述器械本体进出所述工作管道10c的过程中起到密封的作用，防止所述工作管道10c内的液体在所述器械本体进出所述工作管道10c的过程中泄漏。
需要指出的是，所述工作器械3c包括但不限于电极(环状或针状)、手术器械(钳、剪、钩、铲等)及刨削刀头等工作器械。
具体地，所述通道密封机构2c包括通道密封座21c和通道密封阀22c， 所述通道密封阀座21c包括阀座211c和锁止座212c；所述通道密封阀22c安装于所述阀座211c和所述锁止座212c之间。所述阀座211c适于安装于所述宫腔镜主体5，所述工作器械3c的所述工作手件32c适于安装于所述锁止座212c。
进一步地，所述通道密封阀22c包括第一密封件221c和第二密封件222c。所述第一密封件221c具有第一开口2210c；
所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相互叠层设置，所述第二密封件222c对应所述第一开口2210c的位置向远离所述第一密封件221c的方向突出形成凸起部223c，所述第二密封件222c的所述凸起部223c与所述第一密封件221c之间形成缓冲腔2230c，所述凸起部223c具有第二开口2220c。
需要指出的是，在本优选实施例中，所述通道密封阀22c包括相互叠层设置的两个密封件，所述器械本体的安装和拉出的过程中，当所述器械本体进出所述第一密封件221c的所述第一开口2210c的过程中，所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c处于闭合状态，防止所述工作管道10c内的液体泄漏。在所述器械本体进出所述第二密封件222c的过程中，所述器械本体填满所述第一密封件221c的所述第一开口2210c，能够有效地防止液体自所述第一密封件221c与所述器械本体的连接处泄漏。
参考说明书附图15，优选地，所述第二开口2220c是“一”字型开口，所述第一开口2210c是圆形开口。所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c分别由医用硅胶材料制作而成。所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c能够在没有所述器械本体进出时自动恢复至闭合状态。
优选地，所述第二密封件222c的所述凸起部223c是半球形凸起。
需要指出的是，所述第二密封件222c的所述凸起部223c能够在所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c处于叠合状态时在所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c之间形成所述缓冲腔2230c，缩短所述第一密封件221c 和所述第二密封件222c之间的距离，并且便于所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c的安装。
进一步地，所述通道密封阀22c进一步包括连接件224c，所述连接件224c连接所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c，所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c能够绕所述连接件224c转动。
需要指出的是，通过所述连接件224c将所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相连接，使得相对应的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c组成一个整体，便于生产过程中的装配，并且能够防止密封件的丢失。
优选地，所述连接件224c、所述第一密封件221c以及所述第二密封件222c相互一体成型连接。
所述第一密封件221c的预设位置径向向外延伸形成第一结合部2211c，所述第二密封件222c的预设位置径向向外延伸形成第二结合部2221c，所述第一结合部2211c与所述第二结合部2221c相对应；所述第一结合部2211c具有轴向通孔，所述第二结合部2221c具有轴向锁止凸起225c，所述锁止凸起225c适于穿过所述通孔。
所述锁止凸起225c穿过所述通孔能够将所述第一结合部2211c和所述第二结合部2221c相连接，在安装过程中保持所述第一密封件221c与所述第二密封件222c处于相互叠合状态，便于生产装配。
参考说明书附图13，所述阀座211c具有安装槽2110c，所述通道密封阀22c安装于所述安装槽2110c；所述阀座211c还具有与所述安装槽2110c相连通的第一限位槽和第二限位槽。
进一步地，所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相叠合后，叠合的所述连接件224c形成第一限位部226c，叠合的所述第一结合部2211c和所述第二结合部2221c形成第二限位部227c；所述第一限位部226c和所述第二限位部227c分别适于安装于所述通道密封机构2c的所述通道密封座21c的第 一限位槽和第二限位槽。
需要指出的是，所述通道密封阀的所述第一限位部226c和所述第二限位部227c的连线与“一”字型的所述第二开口2220c的开口长度延伸方向相重合，所述阀座211c的所述第一限位槽和所述第二限位槽之间的连线与所述第一限位部226c、所述第二限位部227c之间的连线相重合。通过在所述阀座211c设置所述第一限位槽和所述第二限位槽一方面能够对所述通道密封阀22c进行预安装，便于所述阀座211c与所述锁止座212c相组装；另一方面，能够保持所述第二密封件222c与所述阀座211c之间具有确定的位置关系，使得所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c竖直安装于所述阀座211c。
进一步地，所述阀座211c的预设位置具有装配槽，所述锁止座212c的预设位置具有装配凸起，所述装配凸起适于安装于所述装配槽。
所述阀座211c的所述装配槽的数量是两个，所述锁止座212c的所述装配凸起的数量也是两个，两个所述装配凸起分别安装两个所述装配槽；所述锁止座212c对应所述通道密封阀22c的所述第二限位部227c的位置具有第三装配槽，供容纳穿过所述第一结合部2211c的所述锁止凸起225c。
需要指出的是，在本优选实施例中，所述锁止座212c的两个所述装配凸起和所述第三装配槽呈三角形分布，只有两个所述装配凸起与两个所述装配槽相对应、所述锁止凸起225c与所述第三装配槽相对应，才能够将所述通道密封阀22c安装于所述阀座211c和所述锁止座212c之间。
进一步地，所述锁止座212c安装有锁止件2121c，所述锁止件2121c能够在所述工作手件32c安装于所述锁止座212c后将所述工作手件32c锁定，提高所述工作手件32c与所述锁止座212c之间连接的稳定性。
优选地，所述锁止座212c连接所述工作手件32c的一端是锥形凹槽，所述工作手件32c连接所述锁止座212c的一端是锥形凸起，所述工作手件32c的所述锥形凸起与所述锁止座212c的所述锥形凹槽相配合，从而能够提高所 述锁止座212c与所述工作手件32c之间连接的紧密性。
进一步地，所述阀座211c通过螺纹连接的方式安装于所述宫腔镜主体5，所述阀座211c连接所述宫腔镜主体5的一端具有内螺纹，所述宫腔镜主体5连接所述阀座211c的一端具有外螺纹。所述阀座211c的预设位置具有安装标记，用于在将所述通道密封机构2c安装于所述宫腔镜主体5的过程中使得“一”字型的所述第二开口2220c能够对应所述宫腔镜主体5竖直安装。
还需要指出的是，所述锁止座212c的机械通道是非圆形设计，确保在所述工作器械3c的插入和取出的过程中，非任意角度对称的所述工作器械3c(如环状、钩状)能够按照预定的角度进入和退出。相应地，定制电机需要相应设计为非圆形，以匹配所述锁止座212c的所述机械通道，结构简单、成本低，工艺稳定性高。
在所述工作器械3c的插入过程中，所述器械本体的头端穿过所述第一密封件221c的过程中，所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c处于闭合状态，能够防止所述器械本体的头端穿过所述第一密封件221c的过程中，所述工作管道10c内的液体泄漏。在所述器械本体的头端穿过所述第一密封件221c后，穿过所述第二密封件222c的过程中，所述器械本体填充所述第一密封件221c的所述第一开口2210c，从而能够防止在所述器械本体穿过所述第二密封件222c的过程中，所述工作管道10c内的液体泄漏。
在所述工作器械3c的退出过程中，所述器械本体退出所述第二密封件222c后，所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c自动切换至闭合状态，切断所述工作管道10c与所述缓冲腔2230c之间的连通；此时，所述器械本体依旧填充所述第一密封件221c的所述第一开口2210c，液体依旧不会泄露。在所述器械本体退出所述第一密封件221c后，仅有所述缓冲腔2230c内少量的液体泄漏。
优选地，所述工作管道10c的端部采用PEEK材料制作而成，从而能够防 止所述工作器械3c工作过程中对所述工作管道10c的端部造成损坏，并且能够隔绝电流，防止漏电事故的发生。
实施例2c
参考说明书附图16，本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜的通道密封机构第二优选实施例被阐述，第二优选实施例的所述宫腔镜的通道密封机构与上述优选实施例的区别之处在于，在所述第二优选实施例中，进一步包括安装于工作器械3c的套筒组件，所述套筒组件能够在工作器械3c穿过所述通道密封机构2c的过程中，防止所述工作器械3c的头端与所述通道密封机构2c接触，从而能够对相对精密的所述工作器械3c的头端提供保护。
参考说明书附图16，具体地，所述宫腔镜进一步包括套筒组件4c，所述套筒组件4c适于安装于所述工作器械3c的器械本体31c，用于在所述工作器械3c的所述器械本体31c安装于所述工作管道10c的过程中对所述器械本体31c的头端提供保护。
进一步地，所述套筒组件4c包括套筒41c和弹性件42c，所述套筒41c围绕形成器械通道40c，所述弹性件42c安装于所述套筒41c的所述器械通道40c。所述工作器械3c的所述器械本体31c能够穿过所述器械通道40c，以将所述套筒组件4c安装于所述工作器械3c。
进一步地，所述器械本体31c具有第一卡位部51c，当所述套筒组件4c安装于所述工作器械3c时，所述第一卡位部51c能够与所述弹性件42c相接触，以使得所述工作器械3c能够带动所述套筒组件4c一起运动。并且，当所述器械本体31c的所述第一卡位部51c未在所述套筒41c内运动以压缩所述弹性件42c时，所述器械本体31c的头端位于所述套筒41c的所述器械通道40c内；当所述器械本体31c的所述第一卡位部51c在所述套筒41c内运动并压缩所述弹性件42c的压缩量大于预设值时，所述器械本体31c的头端运动至所述套筒 41c的所述器械通道40c外。
进一步地，所述工作管道10c内进一步具有第二卡位部52c，所述第二卡位部52c与所述通道密封机构2c相邻设置于同一直线，所述套筒组件4c的所述套筒41c穿过所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c后能够与所述第二卡位部52c相接触，所述第二卡位部52c能够对所述套筒41c在所述工作管道10c内的运动深度进行限位，使得所述器械本体31c的所述第一卡位部51c能够在所述套筒41c内压缩所述弹性件42c，使得所述工作器械3c能够运动至所述套筒41c的所述器械通道40c的外侧。
优选地，在本优选实施例中，所述通道密封机构2c的所述第二密封件222c的所述第二开口2220c是“十”字型。优选地，所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c由医用硅胶材料制作而成。
在所述工作器械3c的插入过程中，将所述器械本体31c连同所述套筒组件41c对准所述工作管道10c，在将所述器械本体31c和所述套筒组件41c向前推动的过程中，所述套筒组件4c的所述套筒41c先与所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相接触，并依次穿过所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c；继续向前推动所述工作器械3c的所述器械本体31c，所述套筒41c与所述第二卡位部52c相接触，所述套筒41c在所述工作管道10c内停止移动；继续向前推动所述器械本体31c，所述器械本体31c的头端穿伸出所述套筒41c，能够进行工作。
需要指出的是，在所述套筒41c未与所述工作管道10c内的所述第二卡位部52c相接触之前，所述器械本体31c的头端一直保持于所述套筒41c内。在所述套筒41c与所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c、所述第二密封件222c相接触，并穿过所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c的过程中，所述器械本体31c的头端不与所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相接触，从而能够对所述器 械本体31c的头端进行有效的保护。
同样地，在将所述工作器械3c退出的过程中，随着所述器械本体31c的退出，所述套筒41c内的所述弹性件42c逐渐恢复原有的形状，所述器械本体31c的头端逐渐进入所述套筒41c；随着所述工作器械3c的继续退出，所述器械本体的头端在所述套筒组件4c的所述套筒41c的保护作用下穿过所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c，完成所述工作器械3c的退出操作。
进一步地，所述第二卡位部52c与所述通道密封机构2c之间的距离大于所述套筒41c的长度，在将所述工作器械3c插入的过程中，当所述套筒41c与所述第二卡位部52c相接触时，所述套筒41c完全位于所述第二卡位部52c与所述通道密封机构2c之间，所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c与所述器械本体31c相接触，以防止液体泄漏。
需要指出的是，所述套筒41c的后壁与所述器械本体31c密封连接，能够在所述套筒41c的头端与所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c相接触，并穿过所述通道密封机构2c的过程中，液体进入所述套筒41c内，并通过所述套筒41c与所述工作器械3c之间的连接处泄漏。所述套筒41c与所述工作器械3c连接处的密封机构是医用硅胶垫。
还需要指出的是，在所述工作器械的插入过程中，所述套筒41c与所述第二卡位部52c接触后，继续向前推动所述工作器械3c进入，所述套筒41c停止运动，所述工作器械3c的所述第一卡位部51c压缩所述弹性件42c。在将所述工作器械3c自所述工作管道10c内退出的过程中，在所述套筒41c内的所述弹性件42c恢复原长后，所述器械本体31c上的所述第一卡位部51c与所述套筒41c的后壁相接触，并能够拉动所述套筒41c穿过所述通道密封机构2c的所述第一密封件221c和所述第二密封件222c离开。
参考说明书附图17和图18，本发明所提供的所述宫腔镜的第二优选实施 例的一变形实施方式被阐述，在本变形实施方式中，所述套筒组件4c的所述弹性件42c与所述套筒41c沿着通过一直线设置于所述套筒41c的外侧。
参考说明书附图17和图18，所述弹性件42c位于所述套筒41c和所述第一卡位部51c之间。所述器械本体31c上进一步包括第三卡位部53c，所述第三卡位部53c位于所述套筒41c围绕形成的所述器械通道40c内。换句话说，所述套筒41c的后壁、所述弹性件42c分别位于所述第三卡位部53c和所述第一卡位部51c之间。
在工作器械3c的伸入所述工作管道10c的过程中，在所述套筒41c的头端未与所述第二卡位部52c相接触之前，所述第一卡位部51c推动所述弹性件42c，所述弹性件42c推动所述套筒41c同步运动，所述器械本体31c的头端位于所述套筒41c的所述器械通道40c内，从而能够保护所述器械本体31c的头端；在所述套筒41c的头端与所述第二卡位部52c接触后，继续向前推动所述器械本体31c，所述套筒41c停止运动，所述第一卡位部51c压缩所述弹性件42c，所述器械本体31c的头端伸出所述套筒41c。
在所述工作器械3c退出所述工作管道10c的过程中，随着所述器械本体31c的退出，所述弹性件42c逐渐恢复至原来的形状，所述器械本体31c的头端运动进入所述套筒41c。继续退出所述器械本体31c，所述第三卡位部53c与所述套筒41c的后壁接触，并拉动所述套筒41c一起退出。
实施例3c
根据本发明的另一方面，本发明进一步提供宫腔镜的通道密封方法，包括：
在将工作器械3c伸入工作管道10c的过程中，通过位于所述工作器械3c的第一卡位部51c推动弹性件42c，以带动位于所述工作器械3c外侧的套筒41c一起运动穿过通道密封机构2c，并且在所述套筒41c的头端穿过所述通道密封机构2c的过程中，所述工作器械3c的头端位于所述套筒41c内；其中所 述通道密封机构2c位于所述工作管道10c；
当所述套筒41c的头端穿过所述密封件42c的所述开口20c运动预设的距离后与安装于所述工作管道10c内的第二卡位部52c相接触，允许所述工作器械3c相对于所述套筒41c继续向前运动，并伸出所述套筒41c，所述第一卡位部51c压缩位于所述第一卡位部51c与所述套筒41c之间的所述弹性件42c。
进一步地，所述宫腔镜的通道密封方法还包括：
在将所述工作器械3c退出所述工作管道10c的过程中，随着所述工作器械3c的退出，在所述弹性件42c恢复至原来的形状之前，凭借所述弹性件42c向所述套筒41c施加作用力，使得所述套筒41c的头端保持于所述第二卡位部52c相接触，使得所述工作器械3c的头端进入所述套筒41c内；
在所述弹性件42c恢复至原来的形状之后，凭借所述工作器械3c上的所述第一卡位部51c或第三卡位部53c与所述套筒41c的后壁相接触，并拉动所述套筒41c随着所述工作器械3c穿过所述通道密封机构2c。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，包括：
    外鞘；
    内鞘，所述内鞘置于所述外鞘内，并在所述内鞘和所述外鞘之间形成回流间隙，所述内鞘的远端延伸至所述外鞘的远端外侧；其中所述外鞘的远端和所述内鞘之间通过弧形过渡结构过渡；其中所述外鞘的远端对应所述回流间隙的位置具有回流孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述内鞘与所述外鞘同心设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述内鞘在所述外鞘的通道内偏心设置，所述内鞘的一侧与所述外鞘贴合设置，所述内鞘的另一侧与所述外鞘之间形成所述回流间隙。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述内鞘和所述外鞘之间形成两个回流间隙，并且两个所述回流间隙相互分隔，所述外鞘上具有两组回流孔，分别对应两个所述回流间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述内鞘的远端的截面形状是椭圆形，所述外鞘的远端的截面形状是圆形，椭圆形的所述内鞘的长轴的长度与圆形的所述外鞘的直径相同。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中，由所述外鞘的所述远端至所述内鞘的所述远端的方向，所述弧形过渡结构的 尺寸逐渐减小。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述外鞘的所述远端向外延伸并弯折形成所述弧形过渡结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，其特征在于，其中所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构还包括镜体，所述镜体安装于所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构的内鞘远端的镜片安装位，所述镜体上具有与内鞘的器械通道相对应的通道开口。
  9. 宫腔镜，其特征在于，包括：
    宫腔镜主体；
    权利要求1-8中任一项所述的宫腔镜的鞘体结构，所述宫腔镜的鞘体结构安装于所述宫腔镜主体；
    宫腔镜的通道密封机构；
    工作手件，所述通道密封机构安装于所述宫腔镜主体和所述工作手件之间；
    其中所述宫腔镜的通道密封机构，包括：
    通道密封座，包括阀座和锁止座；
    通道密封阀，所述通道密封阀安装于所述阀座和所述锁止座之间；
    所述通道密封阀包括：
    第一密封件，具有第一开口；
    第二密封件，所述第一密封件和所述第二密封件相互叠层设置，所述第二密封件对应所述第一开口的位置向远离所述第一密封件的方向突出形成凸起部，所述第二密封件的所述凸起部与所述第一密封件之间形成缓冲腔，所述第二凸起部具有第二开口。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的宫腔镜，其特征在于，
    所述宫腔镜主体包括工作管道；
    所述宫腔镜还包括工作器械，所述工作器械适于穿过所述工作手件以及所述通道密封机构；
    其中所述工作管道内具有与所述通道密封阀间隔预设距离设置的第二卡位部，所述第二卡位部的至少一部分位于所述套筒的进入路径上；穿过所述密封件的所述开口的所述套筒能够与所述第二卡位部相接触，随着所述器械本体的继续推进，所述第一卡位部压缩所述弹性件，所述器械本体伸出所述套筒；
    其中，所述工作器械，包括：
    器械本体，头端具有第一卡位部；
    安装于所述器械本体的头端的套筒组件，所述套筒组件包括套筒和弹性件，所述套筒围绕形成器械通道，所述器械本体安装于所述器械通道，并且所述第一卡位部与所述弹性件相接触，推动所述器械本体在所述器械通道内相对于所述套筒运动，所述第一卡位部能够压缩所述弹性件；
    其中，当所述弹性件的压缩量小于或等于预设值时，所述器械本体的头端位于所述器械通道内；当所述弹性件的压缩量大于所述预设值时，所述器械本体的头端伸出所述套筒。
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