WO2022146175A1

WO2022146175A1 - Method for determining the depth and speed of a drill pipe and the length of time that the drill pipe is located in a well

Info

Publication number: WO2022146175A1
Application number: PCT/RU2021/000379
Authority: WO
Inventors: Александр Геннадьевич КОНДРАТЬЕВ; Александр Евгеньевич МАРКИН
Original assignee: Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Стройпромгрупп"
Priority date: 2020-12-30
Filing date: 2021-09-01
Publication date: 2022-07-07
Also published as: CN116635607A

Abstract

A method for determining the depth at which a drill pipe is positioned, the speed of passage of the drill pipe and the length of time that the drill pipe is located in a wellbore by reading an RFID tag during drilling, wherein RFID antennas are mounted directly beneath a rotary table in a wellhead of the wellbore, and a system for logging, storing and processing information in the form of an RFID scanner is connected to the antennas. Installed in the mechanisms and elements that constitute the drill string are radio-frequency RFID tags, by means of which the logging system, the RFID antennas and the RFID scanner determine the exact time at which a tagged pipe passes the antennas. When a drill pipe with an installed RFID tag passes an RFID antenna, a signal received from the RFID tag is transmitted to a data logger, i.e. the RFID scanner, which is connected to a local server with specialized software known as ARBI, where said ARBI program uses the data obtained from the tags as a basis for calculating the depth at which each drill pipe is located, the length of time that said drill pipe is located in the well, and the speed of movement of the drill pipe in the well.

Description

METHOD FOR DETERMINING DEPTH, SPEED AND TIME OF DRILL PIPE IN WELL

The invention relates to the oil and gas and mining industries, namely, to a method for reading information from RFID tags installed on oil and gas drilling equipment and can be used to determine the location depth, speed of passage and time spent by the drill pipe as part of the drill strings in the wellbore during drilling and other tripping operations.

The invention is industrially applicable.

Drill strings used in drilling oil and gas wells consist of various types of pipes. Deep wells often have more than 600 drill pipe joints in the wellbore, in addition to drill pipe, drill strings can include tools such as drill collars, reamers, stabilizers, butt adapters for various threaded connections, relief valves, special logging tools.

Drill pipes are the main part of the drill string intended for lowering into a borehole and lifting a rock cutting tool, transmitting rotation, creating an axial load on the tool, and transporting drilling fluid to the bottom of the well. They also make up a significant part of all the costs of oil and gas production. Therefore, it is important to have effective means of monitoring the entire life cycle of the drill pipe, including its operation directly on the drilling rigs.

Currently, the use of RFID technologies by companies such as Schlumberger, Petrobas (Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.), Weatherford International Ltd, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec), Horizons of Growth LLC is known. The application of RFID technology is to install an RFID tag on each pipe, which carries unique information about that particular pipe.

Reading information from an RFID tag at the right time can make it possible to accurately calculate the depth, speed and time spent by the drill pipe in the borehole during drilling. At the wellhead, directly under the rotary table, a device for emitting and receiving radio waves is placed - RFID antennas and an RFID scanner with a system for recording, storing and storing data. In drill pipes, other mechanisms and devices as part of drill strings, radio frequency identifiers (RFID tags) are installed. The depth, speed and time spent by the drill pipe, other drilling tool in the well are determined by registering RFID tags during the descent or retrieval of the drill string. The registration of descent and ascent is carried out at the moment of passage of the section of the drill pipe, bearing the RFID tag, past the RFID antenna.

The depth of the location and the time spent by the drill pipe in the well is calculated in real time using a mathematical algorithm embedded in the ARBI software and hardware complex that registers physical processes.

The depth, speed and time spent in the well of the drill pipe are calculated using the detailing of the drill string by elements, and the calculation, in turn, is implemented in the ARBI software and hardware complex (Certificates of the Russian Federation on a computer No. 2019661321, 2020617486), currently operating time on drilling rigs in test mode.

The purpose of the invention is to determine the location depth, speed and time spent by the drill pipe in the well during drilling and other tripping operations.

The present invention implements a closed loop control of the drill string from the installation of RFID tags to the calculation of the depth, speed and time spent by the drill pipe in the well. Measurements and calculations are carried out online, automatically, without the participation of an operator.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in Fig.1, which schematically shows the principle of operation of the device that provides the implementation of the proposed method.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed method includes a device that records the exact time of the drill pipe running in well and pulling the drill pipe out of the well for each individual pipe in the string.

The drill string pipes are marked in certain places with radio-frequency RFID tags, the measuring system, consisting of RFID antennas and an RFID scanner, reads these tags, and special software (ARBI program) that manages the measurements processes the received data and performs calculations.

The essence of the method for determining the location depth, the speed of movement and the time spent by the drill pipe in the well is as follows.

At the wellhead, directly under the rotary table, RFID antennas are mounted, and a system for recording, storing and processing information in the form of an RFID scanner is connected to the antennas. The mechanisms and elements that make up the drill string are equipped with radio-frequency RFID tags, with the help of which the recording system, RFID antennas and RFID scanner determine the exact time of passage of the marked pipe past the antennas. When a drill pipe with an installed RFID tag passes by the RFID antenna, the signal received from the RFID tag is transmitted to a data logger, an RFID scanner connected to a local server with special ARBI software, where this ARBI program is on based on the data received from the marks, calculates the depth at which each drill pipe is located, the time spent by this drill pipe in the well, and the speed of the drill pipe in the well.

The essence of the algorithm that calculates the speed of the drill string during drilling or other tripping operations is to process the time intervals between the registration of sequentially passing drill pipes of a known length with installed RFID tags as part of the drill string past the RFID antennas. The determination of the current depth of a particular drill pipe being run into the well is calculated by successively summing up the lengths of the drill pipes following this drill pipe for which the depth is being calculated. The determination of the current depth of the drill pipe being lifted from the well is carried out in the reverse order - by successively subtracting the lengths of the previous drill pipes leaving the well from the typed pipe when lowering the depth. The time spent by the drill pipe in the well is determined by calculating the time interval between the registration of the descent and retrieval of the same RFID tag passing by the RFID antenna.

The speed of movement of the drill pipe, and, consequently, of the entire string is easily determined if the lengths and times are known.

This method provides information about the location depth, residence time and speed of movement of each drill pipe in the well, and therefore all these parameters for the drill string as a whole.

Below is a list of the attached drawings.

Fig. 1 - schematic representation of the drill string

1 - drill pipe with RFID tag,

2 - RFID tag,

3 - RFID antenna,

5 - RFID scanner

8 - rotary table of the drilling rig

11 - explosion-proof box

12 - wellhead,

15- chisel

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a hardware measuring complex, where

1 - drill pipe with RFID tag,

2 - RFID tag,

3 - RFID antenna,

4 - connecting cable of RFID antennas with RFID scanner,

5 - RFID scanner

6 - network switch

7 - local server

9 - connecting cable between RFID scanner and network switch

10 - connecting cable between network switch and local server

11 - explosion-proof box

13 - space under the rotary table

14 - space above the rotary table

Fig. 3 - general view of the hardware measuring complex, where

1 - drill pipe with RFID tag,

2 - RFID tag, 3 - RFID antenna,

4 - antenna connecting cable with RFID scanner,

5 - RFID scanner,

8 - rotary table of the drilling rig

11 - explosion-proof box

12 - wellhead

13 - space under the rotary table

Fig. 4 is a side view of the hardware measuring complex, where

1 - drill pipe with RFID tag.

2 - RFID tag,

3 - RFID antenna,

4 - connecting cable for RFID antenna and RFID scanner,

5 - RFID scanner,

8 - rotary table of the drilling rig

11 - explosion-proof box

12 - wellhead

13 - space under the rotary table

The following describes the implementation of the invention with reference to the attached drawings.

At the wellhead 12 (Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4), directly under the rotary table 8 (Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4) RFID antennas 2 are mounted (Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4), to the RFID antenna 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, ' Fig. 4) is connected to the system of registration, storage and processing of information in the form of an RFID scanner (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4). In the mechanisms and elements that make up the drill string 1 (Fig.1, Fig. 3, Fig.4), radio-frequency RFID tags 3 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4) are installed, with using which the registration system RFID scanner 5 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4) determines the length and time of passage of the marked drill pipe 1 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4 ).

When the drill pipe 1 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4) with the installed RFID tag 2 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4) past the RFID antenna 3 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4) the signal received from the RFID tag 2 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4) is transmitted to the data logger RFID scanner 5 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4) associated with the local server 7 (Figure 2) with special software "ARBI" (not shown in the drawings), where using software providing "ARBI" calculated data on the depth to which the drill pipe 1 is lowered (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4), the time spent by the drill pipe 1 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3 , Fig.4) in the well and the speed of passage of the drill pipe 1 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4) in the well.

The essence of the algorithm that calculates the speed of the drill string during drilling or other tripping operations is to calculate the time intervals between the registration of sequentially passing drill pipes in the drill string with RFID tags 2 installed (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig. .4) past the RFID antenna 3 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4). The determination of the current depth of the drill pipe 1 lowered into the well (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) is calculated by successive summation of the lengths of the drill pipes following the drill pipe for which the depth is calculated. The determination of the current depth of the drill pipe being lifted from the well is carried out in the reverse order - by successively subtracting the lengths of the previous drill pipes leaving the well from the typed pipe when lowering the depth.

The time spent by the drill pipe in the well is determined by calculating the time interval between the registration of the descent and ascent of the same RFID tag 2 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4), passing by the RFID antenna 3 (Fig. .1, Fig.2, Fig. 3, Fig.4) . Each drill pipe has a unique RFID tag 2 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4).

Claims

CLAIM

1. A method for determining the location depth, movement speed and time spent by a drill pipe in a borehole by reading an RFID tag during drilling, carried out using an automated measuring complex for reading a radio frequency identification RFID tag during drilling, installed on an oil and gas drilling rig. equipment above the mouth of the borehole, containing:

- no more than four RFID antennas installed at an equal distance from each other, forming a regular polygon, and installed at the vertices of a regular polygon, the center of which is the point of the axis of rotation of the drill pipe, which lies in the same horizontal plane with the centers of the RFID antennas, the surface planes of which are oriented to the axis of rotation of the drill pipe perpendicular to the horizon, and the distance from the RFID antennas to the outer surface of the drill pipe with an RFID tag must be at least thirty centimeters and not more than one meter, the antennas are located under the rotary table of the drilling rig and are attached to the metal structures of the rotary table base ,

- a stationary RFID scanner, which is mounted in the space under the rotary table of the drilling rig and placed in an explosion-proof box,

- connecting cables between the RFID antennas and the stationary RFID scanner, the length of which must not exceed ten meters,

- a network switch and a local server located in the drilling operator's cabin in the space above the rotary table of the drilling rig, characterized in that

- The RFID scanner emits the original signal and reads the backscatter signal from the RFID tag installed in the pipes or other components of the drill string that are part of the drill string, determines the time of passage of the pipe with the RFID tag in automatic mode and transmits the information to the local server ,

- the local server contains special software,

- using special software, the current depth of each individual drill pipe of the string in the well is calculated at any time during the entire drilling process, - determination of the current depth of a specific drill pipe lowered into the well is calculated by sequentially summing up the lengths of the drill pipes following it, and determining the current depth of a specific drill pipe pulled out of the well is carried out in the reverse order - by successively subtracting from the depth gained by this pipe when lowering the depth of the lengths of the previous, outgoing from the drill pipe well,

- using the software, the time spent by each individual drill pipe of the string in the well is calculated,

- the time spent by the drill pipe in the well is determined by calculating the time interval between the recorded moments of descent and ascent of the same RFID tag passing by the RFID antenna,

- using the software, the speed of movement of each individual drill pipe of the string in the well is calculated at any time during the drilling process.