WO2022143899A1 - 一种行星齿轮式换向器 - Google Patents

一种行星齿轮式换向器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143899A1
WO2022143899A1 PCT/CN2021/143086 CN2021143086W WO2022143899A1 WO 2022143899 A1 WO2022143899 A1 WO 2022143899A1 CN 2021143086 W CN2021143086 W CN 2021143086W WO 2022143899 A1 WO2022143899 A1 WO 2022143899A1
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Prior art keywords
ring
commutator
brush
reversing
brushes
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PCT/CN2021/143086
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄国灿
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黄国灿
黄国铭
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Application filed by 黄国灿, 黄国铭 filed Critical 黄国灿
Publication of WO2022143899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143899A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/24—Laminated contacts; Wire contacts, e.g. metallic brush, carbon fibres

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electrical equipment, in particular to a planetary gear type commutator.
  • the traditional motor sliding commutator has the following shortcomings: that is, due to the large contact surface area between the brush and the commutation ring, there is a large sliding friction, which leads to the rapid wear of the brush and the commutation ring, which seriously affects the The life, reliability and economy of the brush motor; in addition, there is always an electric spark between the brush and the commutator when the motor is running, resulting in an additional loss of a large amount of electric energy, and at the same time, a large amount of heat is generated to heat up the motor, thus greatly reducing the The efficiency of the brushed motor is greatly limited, and the application range of the brushed motor is greatly limited.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a planetary gear type commutator, which can solve the problem that there is a large sliding friction between the brush and the commutator ring, causing the brush and the commutator to The wear is fast, which seriously affects the life of the brushed motor.
  • a planetary gear type commutator comprising a commutator ring for connecting a rotor and a plurality of pairs of brushes for connecting external equipment, the brushes are sleeved on the commutator ring, and between the brushes and the commutator ring Several rolling guides are provided for driving the brushes and the reversing ring to form a closed loop, and at least one rolling guide is connected between the brushes and the reversing ring.
  • the rolling guide has first gear teeth along the circumferential direction
  • the side of the brush close to the rolling guide is sleeved with second gear teeth meshing with the first gear teeth along the circumferential direction.
  • the side of the ring close to the rolling guide is sleeved with a third gear tooth meshing with the first gear tooth along the circumferential direction
  • the brush is connected with the rolling guide through the second gear tooth and the first gear tooth
  • the rolling guide The sub is connected with the reversing ring through the first gear teeth and the third gear teeth.
  • the first gear teeth, the second gear teeth and the third gear teeth are all involute tooth shapes.
  • elastic slits are formed on the first gear teeth.
  • it also includes a reversing holder for fixing the position of the brush, the side of the reversing holder close to the brush is connected to the brush, and the adjacent brushes are insulated from each other.
  • the rolling guides are evenly distributed along the moving direction on the side of the commutation ring close to the brushes, and adjacent rolling guides are insulated from each other.
  • the commutation ring is divided into several equal parts commutator segments, the commutator segments are connected to the rotor, and adjacent commutator segments are insulated from each other.
  • the included angle between the two ends of the commutator segment relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇
  • the angle between the centers of the two adjacent rolling guides relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇
  • the two ends of the brush are opposite to each other.
  • the included angle at the center of the commutation ring is ⁇
  • the ⁇ is greater than or equal to ⁇ and greater than ⁇ .
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the sliding friction between the brushes and the commutation ring is eliminated by the rolling guides, and specifically, the rolling friction between the brushes and the rolling guides and the commutation piece are eliminated.
  • the rolling friction with the rolling guide replaces the sliding friction between the brush and the commutator plate, thereby reducing the friction between the brush and the commutator plate, avoiding the wear of the brush and the commutator plate in the sliding friction, and improving the brush and the commutator plate. With the service life of the commutator, improve the service life of the motor.
  • Fig. 1 is a planetary gear type commutator corresponding to the form described in the utility model.
  • Fig. 2 is the planetary gear type commutator corresponding to the second form described in the utility model.
  • FIG. 3 is a rolling guide with elastic slits on the first gear teeth described in the utility model.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the engagement between the rolling guide and the reversing ring under the limit state in the utility model.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection.
  • Detachable connection, or integral connection may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
  • a planetary gear commutator includes a commutator ring for connecting the rotor and several pairs of brushes for connecting to external equipment, the brushes are sleeved on the commutator ring, specifically , the commutation ring is embedded in the outer ring of the brush or the brush is embedded in the outer ring of the commutation ring.
  • Rolling conductors forming a closed loop, wherein the rolling conductors are made of conductors with good electrical conductivity.
  • the rolling guides are evenly distributed along the moving direction on the side of the commutation ring close to the brushes, and any two adjacent rolling guides are insulated from each other.
  • the commutating ring is divided into several Equal parts of the commutator segments, the commutator segments are connected to the rotor, and the adjacent commutator segments are insulated from each other, and further, it also includes a commutation cage for fixing the position of the brush, as shown in Figure 1, Adjacent brushes are connected to each other by a reversing cage (form 1), wherein the reversing cage is an insulating material, and the rolling guide can smoothly transition from the brush to the reversing cage during the movement process. ; As shown in Figure 2, the side of the commutation cage close to the brush is connected with the brush (form 2), and the adjacent brushes are insulated from each other.
  • the adjacent commutation segments are connected by insulating materials to form a smooth arc surface, which reduces the friction between the commutation ring and the rolling guide.
  • the brushes and the commutation ring are connected At least one rolling guide is connected between them, that is, the angle between the two ends of the commutation piece relative to the center of the reversing ring is ⁇ , and the angle between the centers of the two adjacent rolling guides relative to the center of the reversing ring is ⁇ , the included angle between the two ends of the brush relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇ , ⁇ > ⁇ , so as to ensure that at least one rolling guide is connected between the brush and the commutation ring.
  • the rotor of the generator or motor drives the commutation ring to rotate synchronously, and the commutator piece conducts electricity with the brushes through at least one rolling guide.
  • the rolling guide is not limited to a cylindrical structure, but can also be a structure that is easily rolled under force, so as to pass the rolling friction between the brush and the rolling guide and the relationship between the reversing plate and the rolling guide.
  • the rolling friction between the brushes and the commutator plate replaces the sliding friction between the brush and the commutator plate, thereby reducing the friction between the brush and the commutator plate, avoiding the wear of the brush and the commutator plate in the sliding friction, and improving the friction between the brush and the commutator plate. service life, thereby increasing the service life of the motor.
  • the rolling conductor about to leave the brush and the rolling conductor about to enter the brush are in contact with the brush at the same time, and then the rolling conductor about to leave the brush is separated (insulated) from the brush.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a planetary gear type commutator includes a commutator ring for connecting the rotor and several pairs of brushes for connecting to external equipment, the brushes are sleeved on the commutator ring.
  • the commutation ring is embedded in the outer ring of the brush or the brush is embedded in the outer ring of the commutation ring.
  • a closed-loop rolling guide the rolling guide is evenly distributed on the side of the reversing ring close to the brush along the moving direction, preferably, at least one rolling guide is connected between the brush and the reversing ring, specifically
  • the angle between the two ends of the commutator segment relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇
  • the angle between the centers of the two adjacent rolling guides relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇
  • the two sides of the brush The included angle of the end relative to the center of the commutation ring is ⁇ , ⁇ > ⁇ , so as to ensure that at least one rolling guide is connected between the brush and the commutation ring.
  • it also includes a commutation cage for fixing the position of the brushes.
  • adjacent brushes are connected to each other through the commutation cage (form 1), wherein the commutation cage is an insulating material, so the The rolling guide can smoothly transition from the brush to the reversing cage during the movement process; as shown in Figure 2, the side of the reversing cage close to the brush is connected to the brush (form 2) , adjacent brushes are insulated from each other.
  • the reversing ring, reversing cage and rolling guide form a planetary gear set, such as CN101457814A planetary gear set, preferably, the rolling guide forms a planetary gear, when the brush is embedded in the reversing ring
  • the reversing ring is the center of rotation
  • the outer surface of the rolling guide is sleeved with first gear teeth along the circumferential direction
  • the side of the brush close to the rolling guide is sleeved with the first gear teeth along the circumferential direction.
  • the side of the reversing cage close to the rolling guide is also sleeved with the second gear teeth meshing with the first gear teeth along the circumferential direction, so that the The rolling guide can smoothly transition from the brush to the reversing cage during the movement process, and the side of the reversing ring close to the rolling guide is sleeved with a third gear meshing with the first gear teeth along the circumferential direction.
  • gear teeth, the brushes are connected with the rolling guide through the second gear teeth and the first gear teeth, and the rolling guide is connected with the reversing ring through the first gear teeth and the third gear teeth.
  • the rolling guides are evenly distributed along the movement direction Between the reversing cage and the reversing ring, the adjacent rolling guides are insulated from each other.
  • the rolling guides rotate synchronously with the reversing ring, and keep the distance between adjacent rolling guides to avoid collision between adjacent rolling guides.
  • elastic slits are formed on the first gear teeth, so that the first gear teeth can have a squeezeable space, so as to avoid the situation of continuous locking of the teeth.
  • the commutation ring is divided into several equal parts commutator segments, the commutator segments are connected to the rotor, and the adjacent commutator segments are insulated from each other, that is, the commutator ring is divided into several equal parts, and the adjacent parts are Connected by insulating materials, so the third gear teeth on adjacent parts are insulated from each other, effectively distinguishing positive and negative electrodes.
  • the reversing ring continues to drive the rolling guide to revolve around the reversing ring, and at the same time, under the meshing of the second and third gear teeth, the rolling guide performs a self-rotating motion, and the rolling guide is connected to the rolling guide through the brush.
  • the rolling friction between the commutator and the rolling guide replaces the sliding friction between the brush and the commutator, thereby reducing the friction between the brush and the commutator, avoiding the brush and the commutator. Wear during sliding friction, improve the service life of brushes and commutator segments.
  • the first gear teeth, the second gear teeth and the third gear teeth are all involute teeth, that is, the reversing ring and the rolling guide are involutes Gears, such as CN103742625B, an involute gear, use an elliptical arc transition curve as the tooth root transition curve, which can make the gear have higher tooth root bending strength while avoiding the interference of the tooth top of the paired gear, and eliminate the friction between the gears at the same time.
  • the rolling guide is about to separate from the previous third gear tooth, the first gear tooth has been in contact with the latter third gear tooth, that is, under the limit state, the rolling guide is at the same time with the reversing ring on the ring.
  • the adjacent third gear teeth are in contact, as shown at points A and B in Figure 4, so as to ensure that the rolling guide is always connected to the commutation ring during the movement of the commutator to avoid open circuit.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种行星齿轮式换向器，包括用于连接转子的换向环和若干对连接外部设备的电刷，所述电刷套嵌在换向环上，所述电刷和换向环之间设有若干个用于驱使电刷和换向环形成闭合回路的滚动导子，所述电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子。在本实用新型中，通过滚动导子来消除电刷和换向环之间的滑动摩擦，从而减小电刷与换向环之间的摩擦力降低电刷在换向过程中的磨损，提高其使用效率。

Description

一种行星齿轮式换向器 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电气设备领域，尤其涉及一种行星齿轮式换向器。
背景技术
传统的电机滑动换向器有以下缺点：即由于电刷与换向环之间的接触面面积较大，存在着很大的滑动摩擦，导致电刷和换向环磨损快，严重影响了有刷电机的寿命、可靠性和经济性；加之电机运行时电刷与换向器之间始终存在电火花，造成大量电能的额外损失，同时也伴随着产生大量的热量使电机升温，因而大大降低了有刷电机的效率，也使有刷电机的应用范围受到很大限制。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本实用新型的目的在于提供一种行星齿轮式换向器，其能解决电刷与换向环之间存在着很大的滑动摩擦，导致电刷和换向器磨损快，严重影响了有刷电机的寿命的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型所采用的技术方案如下：
一种行星齿轮式换向器，包括用于连接转子的换向环和若干对连接外部设备的电刷，所述电刷套嵌在换向环上，所述电刷和换向环之间设有若干个用于驱使电刷和换向环形成闭合回路的滚动导子，所述电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子。
优选的，所述滚动导子沿圆周方向有第一轮齿，所述电刷靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第二轮齿，所述换 向环靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第三轮齿，所述电刷通过第二轮齿和第一轮齿与滚动导子连接，所述滚动导子通过第一轮齿和第三轮齿与换向环连接。。
优选的，所述第一轮齿、第二轮齿和第三轮齿均为渐开线齿形。
优选的，所述第一轮齿上开设有弹力缝。
优选的，还包括用于固定电刷位置的换向保持架，所述换向保持架靠近电刷的一侧与电刷连接，相邻的电刷互相绝缘。
优选的，所述滚动导子沿运动方向均匀分布在换向环靠近电刷的一侧，相邻的滚动导子互相绝缘。
优选的，所述换向环分割成若干等份的换向片，所述换向片与转子连接，相邻的换向片之间互相绝缘。
所述换向片的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为α，相邻的两个滚动导子的圆心相对于换向环圆心的夹角为β，所述电刷的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为γ，所述γ大于等于α大于β。
相比现有技术，本实用新型的有益效果在于：通过滚动导子来消除电刷和换向环之间的滑动摩擦，具体的，通过电刷与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦和换向片与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦代替电刷与换向片之间滑动摩擦，从而减小电刷与换向片之间的摩擦，避免电刷与换向片在滑动摩擦中磨损，提高电刷与换向片的使用寿命，提高电机的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型中所述的形式一对应的行星齿轮式换向器。
图2为本实用新型中所述的形式二对应的行星齿轮式换向器。
图3为本实用新型中所述的第一轮齿上设置有弹力缝的滚动导子。
图4为本实用新型中极限状态下滚动导子与换向环啮合放大示意图。
图中：1-换向环；11-第三轮齿；12-换向片；2-电刷；21-第二轮齿；3-滚动导子；31-第一轮齿；32-弹力缝；4-换向保持架。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本实用新型的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可 以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本实用新型做进一步描述：
实施例一：
如图1-4所示，一种行星齿轮式换向器，包括用于连接转子的换向环和若干对连接外部设备的电刷，所述电刷套嵌在换向环上，具体的，所述换向环套嵌在电刷的外圈或者电刷套嵌在换向环的外圈，所述电刷和换向环之间设有若干个用于驱使电刷和换向环形成闭合回路的滚动导子，其中，滚动导子由导电性良好的导体制成。在本实施例中，所述滚动导子沿运动方向均匀分布在换向环靠近电刷的一侧，并且任意两个相邻的滚动导子互相绝缘，同时，所述换向环分割成若干等份的换向片，所述换向片与转子连接，相邻的换向片之间互相绝缘，进一步的，还包括用于固定电刷位置的换向保持架，如图1所示，相邻的电刷通过换向保持架互相连接(形式一)，其中换向保持架为绝缘材料，所述滚动导子在运动过程中能够无障碍地顺畅从电刷过渡到换向保持架上；如图2所示，所述换向保持架靠近电刷的一侧与电刷连接(形式二)，相邻的电刷互相绝缘。在本实施例中，所述相邻的换向片通绝缘材料连接，形成光滑的弧面，减少换向环与滚动导子之间的摩擦，进一步的，所述电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子，即所述换向片的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为α，相邻的两个滚动导子的圆心相对于换向环圆心的夹角为β，所述电刷的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为γ，γ≥α＞β，以保证电刷与换向环之间至 少连接有一个滚动导子。
在行星齿轮式换向器工作过程中，发电机或者电动机的转子驱使换向环同步转动，同时换向片通过至少一个滚动导子与电刷导电，在换向环的带动下，滚动导子跟随换向环转动，优选的，滚动导子不限于柱体结构，还可以是容易受力发生滚动的结构，从而通过电刷与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦和换向片与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦代替电刷与换向片之间滑动摩擦，从而减小电刷与换向片之间的摩擦，避免电刷与换向片在滑动摩擦中磨损，提高电刷与换向片的使用寿命，进而提高电机的使用寿命。在本实施例中，极限状态下，将要离开电刷的滚动导子和将要进入电刷的滚动导子同时与电刷接触，然后将要离开电刷的滚动导子与电刷分离(绝缘)。
实施例二：
如图1-4所示，一种行星齿轮式换向器，包括用于连接转子的换向环和若干对连接外部设备的电刷，所述电刷套嵌在换向环上具体的，所述换向环套嵌在电刷的外圈或者电刷套嵌在换向环的外圈，所述电刷和换向环之间设有若干个用于驱使电刷和换向环形成闭合回路的滚动导子，所述滚动导子沿运动方向均匀分布在换向环靠近电刷的一侧，优选的，所述电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子，具体的，所述换向片的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为α，相邻的两个滚动导子的圆心相对于换向环圆心的夹角为β，所述电刷的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为γ，γ≥α＞β，以保证电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子。进一步的，还包括用于固定电刷位置的换向 保持架，如图1所示，相邻的电刷通过换向保持架互相连接(形式一)，其中换向保持架为绝缘材料，所述滚动导子在运动过程中能够无障碍地顺畅从电刷过渡到换向保持架上；如图2所示，所述换向保持架靠近电刷的一侧与电刷连接(形式二)，相邻的电刷互相绝缘。
在本实施例中，所述换向环、换向保持架和滚动导子组成行星齿轮组，如CN101457814A行星齿轮组，优选的，滚动导子组成行星齿轮，当电刷套嵌在换向环的外圈时，则换向环为旋转中心，所述滚动导子外表面沿圆周方向套设有第一轮齿，所述电刷靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第二轮齿，在上述形式一中，所述换向保持架靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向同样套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第二轮齿，以使得滚动导子在运动过程中能够无障碍地顺畅从电刷过渡到换向保持架上，所述换向环靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第三轮齿，所述电刷通过第二轮齿和第一轮齿与滚动导子连接，所述滚动导子通过第一轮齿和第三轮齿与换向环连接。由于第三轮齿和第二轮齿同时与滚动导子的第一轮齿啮合，从而限定了滚动导子与滚动导子之间的距离，优选的，所述滚动导子沿运动方向均匀分布在换向保持架和换向环之间，相邻的滚动导子互相绝缘。当换向环在转子的驱动下转动时，所述滚动导子跟随换向环同步转动，并保持相邻滚动导子的距离，避免相邻滚动导子发生碰撞，优选的，如图3所示，所述第一轮齿上开设有弹力缝，以使得第一轮齿存在可挤压的空间，进而避免持续卡齿情况。同时所述换向环分割成若干等份的换向片，所述换向片与转子连接，相邻的换向 片之间互相绝缘，即将换向环分割成若干等份，相邻的部分通过绝缘材料连接，所以相邻的部分上的第三轮齿互相绝缘，有效区分正负极。运动过程中，换向环持续带动滚动导子绕换向环做公转运动，同时在第二轮齿和第三轮齿的啮合之下，滚动导子做自转运动，通过电刷与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦和换向片与滚动导子之间滚动摩擦代替电刷与换向片之间滑动摩擦，从而减小电刷与换向片之间的摩擦，避免电刷与换向片在滑动摩擦中磨损，提高电刷与换向片的使用寿命。
在本实施例中，如图4所示，所述第一轮齿、第二轮齿和第三轮齿均为渐开线齿形，即所述换向环和滚动导子为渐开线齿轮，如CN103742625B一种渐开线齿轮，使用椭圆弧过渡曲线作为齿根过渡曲线，能够使得齿轮在避免配对齿轮的齿顶干涉的同时，具有更高的齿根弯曲强度，同时消除齿轮间的侧隙，在滚动导子与前一第三轮齿即将分离时，所述第一轮齿已与后一第三轮齿相接触，即极限状态下，滚动导子同时与换向环上的相邻第三轮齿接触，如图4中A点和B点所示，从而保障换向器在运动过程中，滚动导子始终与换向环保持导通，避免出现断路情况。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本实用新型权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种行星齿轮式换向器，包括用于连接转子的换向环和若干对连接外部设备的电刷，其特征在于：所述电刷套嵌在换向环上，所述电刷和换向环之间设有若干个用于驱使电刷和换向环形成闭合回路的滚动导子，所述电刷与换向环之间至少连接有一个滚动导子。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述滚动导子沿圆周方向套设有第一轮齿，所述电刷靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第二轮齿，所述换向环靠近滚动导子的一侧沿圆周方向套设有与第一轮齿啮合的第三轮齿，所述电刷通过第二轮齿和第一轮齿与滚动导子连接，所述滚动导子通过第一轮齿和第三轮齿与换向环连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述第一轮齿、第二轮齿和第三轮齿均为渐开线齿形。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述第一轮齿开上开设有弹力缝。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：还包括用于固定电刷位置的换向保持架，所述换向保持架靠近电刷的一侧与电刷连接，相邻的电刷互相绝缘。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述滚动导子沿运动方向均匀分布在换向环靠近电刷的一侧，相邻的滚动导子互相绝缘。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述换向环分割成若干等份的换向片，所述换向片与转子连接，相邻的换 向片之间互相绝缘。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的行星齿轮式换向器，其特征在于：所述换向片的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为α，相邻的两个滚动导子的圆心相对于换向环圆心的夹角为β，所述电刷的两端相对于换向环圆心的夹角为γ，所述γ大于等于α大于β。
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