WO2022142468A1 - 一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备 - Google Patents

一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备 Download PDF

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WO2022142468A1
WO2022142468A1 PCT/CN2021/117961 CN2021117961W WO2022142468A1 WO 2022142468 A1 WO2022142468 A1 WO 2022142468A1 CN 2021117961 W CN2021117961 W CN 2021117961W WO 2022142468 A1 WO2022142468 A1 WO 2022142468A1
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airflow
oscillating
discharge
respiratory
breathing
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PCT/CN2021/117961
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English (en)
French (fr)
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戴征
袁越阳
周理
曾棚
刘炜
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湖南明康中锦医疗科技发展有限公司
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Publication of WO2022142468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142468A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a method for generating a high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow and a respiratory support device.
  • HFOV high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
  • the amplitude and amplitude of the output oscillating airflow are often limited by the vibration of the speaker membrane and the reciprocating stroke of the piston, and a large part of the output oscillating air pressure is absorbed by the oscillating airflow generating device and the breathing tube and cannot be effectively delivered to the patient's airway.
  • a patent with an application number of CN201280039840.8 discloses a high-frequency oscillating ventilator, including an oscillating piston control system and an average airway pressure control system.
  • the oscillating piston control system and the average airway pressure control system are closed loop control systems.
  • the oscillating piston control system is independent of the mean airway pressure control system.
  • the present invention provides a method for generating a high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow and a respiratory support device, which can output an oscillating airflow that meets a preset frequency and amplitude, and can control the oscillating airflow to be effectively delivered to the respiratory tract of a ventilated patient to achieve ventilation therapy. the goal of.
  • the present invention provides a method for generating high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow, the steps of which include:
  • the fan drive controller controls the fan to output a constant airflow Q total ;
  • the discharge device includes a discharge valve and a discharge valve drive controller, and the discharge air flow is the discharge valve drive controller to control the discharge valve to generate a preset frequency and Oscillating discharge airflow with preset amplitude.
  • the relief valve is an electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve
  • the relief valve drive controller controls the opening degree O of the valve by changing the control voltage V of the electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve. , so as to control the size of the discharge airflow Q vent .
  • the oscillating discharge airflow includes, but is not limited to, a sine waveform, a pulse waveform, or a triangular waveform.
  • the breathing airflow is an oscillating respiratory airflow with an opposite phase to the oscillating discharge airflow waveform.
  • step S1 within a certain period of time, it means that within the inspiratory time period T in or the expiratory time period T ex , the fan drive controller controls the fan to output a constant airflow Q total in the inhalation phase Constant airflow Q total exhalation during inhalation or exhalation.
  • the present invention also provides a respiratory support device using the above-mentioned high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow generation method, comprising a fan, a fan drive controller and a shunt, and the fan drive controller is used to control the fan to output different flow values in different time periods.
  • a respiratory support device using the above-mentioned high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow generation method, comprising a fan, a fan drive controller and a shunt, and the fan drive controller is used to control the fan to output different flow values in different time periods.
  • Constant airflow the air inlet of the shunt is connected with the air outlet of the fan, and the first air outlet of the shunt is connected with a breathing circuit, and the breathing circuit is used to deliver breathing airflow to the patient end;
  • the shunt A discharge device is connected to the second air outlet of the device, and the discharge device is used to discharge the oscillating discharge air flow with a preset frequency and a preset amplitude.
  • the relief device includes a relief valve and a relief valve driving controller, and the relief valve driving controller is used to control the relief valve to generate an oscillating airflow with a preset frequency and a preset amplitude.
  • the relief valve is an electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve.
  • the discharge opening of the discharge device is communicated with the atmosphere or a recovery device is connected.
  • the breathing circuit includes a safety throttle valve, a safety pressure limiting valve, and an output pipeline interface of a breathing support device, and the safety throttle valve, a safety pressure limiting valve, and a breathing support device output pipeline The interfaces are connected in sequence from the airflow conveying direction of the first air outlet.
  • the shunt is a three-way shunt.
  • the fan only needs to output a constant airflow Q total within a given time period, and then the constant airflow is shunted through a flow divider.
  • this setting only requires the fan to output a constant airflow within a given time period, which requires less control of the fan drive controller and a small amount of calculation; at the same time, since the fan outputs a constant airflow, it reduces the The influence of the fan on the oscillating airflow means that the output capacity of the oscillating airflow is improved.
  • the respiratory support device of the present invention includes a fan, a fan drive controller and a shunt, the fan drive controller is used to control the fan to output constant airflow with different flow values in different time periods, and the air inlet of the shunt Connected with the air outlet of the fan, the first air outlet of the shunt is connected with a breathing pipeline, and the breathing pipeline is used to deliver breathing airflow to the patient end; the second air outlet of the shunt is connected with a leakage device , the discharge device is used to discharge the oscillating discharge air flow with the preset frequency and the preset amplitude, and the constant air flow is divided by setting the flow divider, and the divided air flow is discharged through the pressure relief device with the preset frequency and the preset frequency.
  • the oscillating airflow of the amplitude, the other airflow after the shunt is delivered to the patient end through the breathing circuit, which is the breathing airflow.
  • Obtaining the respiration oscillating airflow with the opposite phase of the discharge oscillating airflow waveform is simple in structure and easy to control.
  • the method for obtaining the breathing airflow of the present invention is easy to operate and can be used. Control the oscillating airflow to effectively deliver to the respiratory tract of ventilated patients to achieve the purpose of ventilation therapy.
  • Fig. 1 is the component connection schematic diagram of respiratory support apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fan output constant airflow waveform of the respiratory support device of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a certain discharge airflow waveform of the respiratory support device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a patient's respiratory airflow waveform of the respiratory support device of the present invention.
  • Air source input port 2. Air filter; 3. Fan; 4. Fan drive controller; 5. Diverter; 6. Safety throttle valve; 7. Safety pressure limiting valve; 8. Pipeline interface; 9 , Inhalation pipeline; 10, Y-type interface on the patient side; 11, Exhalation pipeline; 12, Relief valve; 13, Relief valve drive controller.
  • the present invention provides a method for generating high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow, the steps of which include:
  • the fan drive controller 4 controls the fan 3 to output a constant airflow Q total ;
  • the relief flow is the relief valve driving controller 13 to control the relief valve 12 to generate an oscillating relief air flow with a preset frequency and a preset amplitude.
  • the relief flow The valve 12 is an electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12, and the relief valve drive controller 13 controls the valve opening O by changing the control voltage V of the electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12, thereby controlling the relief airflow Qvent , and then subtract the discharge airflow Q vent from the total constant airflow Q total output by the fan 3 to obtain the oscillating respiratory airflow Q rep delivered to the patient-side Y-shaped interface 10 .
  • the calculation process of respiratory airflow Q rep is shown in the following formula:
  • f(O) is the valve opening function of the electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12
  • the oscillating respiratory airflow generated by the high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow makes the control output of the entire equipment using the high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow generation method small, saves the resources of the controller, and is beneficial to the improvement of the performance of the respiratory support equipment.
  • the oscillating venting airflow includes but is not limited to a sine waveform, a pulse waveform, or a triangular waveform.
  • the breathing airflow is an oscillating respiratory airflow that is opposite in phase to the oscillating venting airflow waveform.
  • Different shock relief waveforms can be selected according to the patient's condition.
  • step S1 within a certain period of time, that is, within the inspiratory time period T in or the expiratory time period T ex , the fan drive controller 4 controls the fan 3 to output a constant airflow Q in the inspiratory phase A constant airflow Q total exhalation during total inhalation or exhalation.
  • the fan 3 in the inhalation time period T in , the fan 3 outputs the inspiratory airflow corresponding to the inhalation, and in the exhalation time period T ex , the fan 3 outputs the expiratory air flow corresponding to the inhalation;
  • the discharge air flow output by the discharge device in the corresponding inhalation time period T in , the discharge device discharges the corresponding inspiratory discharge air flow, and in the exhalation time period T ex , the discharge device discharges the corresponding exhalation air flow.
  • the air discharge air flow correspondingly, can obtain the inspiratory breathing air flow of the patient end in the inspiratory time period T in and the expiratory breathing air flow in the expiratory time period T ex .
  • the invention also provides a kind of respiratory support equipment adopting the above-mentioned high-frequency oscillating respiratory airflow generation method, comprising a fan 3, a fan drive controller 4 and a shunt 5, and the fan drive controller 4 is used to control the fan 3 Output constant airflow with different flow values in different time periods, the air inlet of the shunt 5 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 3, the first air outlet of the shunt 5 is connected with a breathing pipeline, and the breathing tube The second air outlet of the shunt 5 is connected with a venting device, and the venting device is used to vent the oscillating venting airflow of a preset frequency and a preset amplitude.
  • the air source enters the respiratory support equipment through the air source input port 1, and then passes through the air flow filter and the fan 3 in turn, and the air outlet of the fan 3 is connected with a three-way shunt 5, which passes through the three-way shunt 5.
  • the air flow is connected with an electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12 to release the air flow.
  • the other air flow through the three-way flow divider 5 passes through the safety throttle valve 6, the safety pressure limiting valve 7, the pipeline interface 8, and the suction pipeline in turn.
  • the breathing airflow is equal to the constant airflow minus the breathing circuit
  • the method for obtaining the breathing airflow of the present invention It is convenient to operate and use, and can control the oscillating air flow to effectively deliver it to the respiratory tract of a ventilated patient, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation therapy.
  • the relief device includes an electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12 and a relief valve driving controller 13, and the relief valve driving controller 13 is used to control the electronically controlled one-way proportional relief valve 12. Generate oscillating airflow with preset frequency and preset amplitude.
  • the outlet of the relief valve 12 communicates with the atmosphere or is connected with a recovery device. In this embodiment, the outlet of the relief valve 12 communicates with the atmosphere.

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Abstract

一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备，其中，高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法包括：风机在给定时间段内输出恒定气流Qtotal，然后将恒定气流通过分流器进行分流，一路气流在泄流装置的作用下呈震荡形态泄放，该路气流为泄放气流Qvent；另一路气流经管路输出到患者端，该路气流为呼吸气流Qrep，根据Qrep＝Qtotal-Qvent得到与泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。只需要风机在给定时间段内输出恒定气流，这样对风机驱动控制器控制要求低，且计算量小；同时由于风机输出的是恒定气流，减少了风机对震荡气流的影响，意味着提高了震荡气流的输出能力。

Description

一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备。
背景技术
呼吸机在治疗呼吸病方面所表现的有效性和大幅降低患者的死亡率，自其问世以来备受医疗卫生部门的重视和患者的青睐。近些年来，随着大气污染、人口老年化等因素的涌现，受困于呼吸类疾病的患者日益增加，市场对呼吸机的需求量也越来越大。特别是诸如2019年的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)等传染性呼吸疾病的爆发，呼吸机作为重要的医疗设备，在抗战疫情、拯救患者的过程中做出了重要的贡献。但一些重症患者，即便采用高流量、高气压的通气方式也难以满足其通气需求。
临床实验表明采用低通气压、低通气量(甚至低于呼吸生理死腔的通气量)的高频震荡通气不仅能对患者进行有效通气，而且还能减少气压对呼吸道的损伤。目前具有高频震荡通气(HFOV)功能的呼吸机其高频气流产生的方式是控制大功率扬声器或往复式活塞来产生一定频率和幅度的震荡气流，并将震荡气流灌注到常规通气管路中。其输出震荡气流的幅度和幅度往往受限于扬声器膜的震动和活塞的往复行程，其输出的震荡气压很大一部分被震荡气流产生装置和呼吸管路吸收而不能有效地被输送到患者呼吸道。
传统的，申请号为CN201280039840.8的一件专利公开了一种高频振荡呼吸机，包括振荡活塞控制系统和平均气道压力控制系统。所述振荡活塞控制系统和所述平均气道压力控制系统是闭环控制系统。所述振荡活塞控制系统独立于所述平均气道压力控制系统。虽然该专利实现了气流的高频振荡，但仍然采用振荡活塞的形式获取振荡气压，其输出的震荡气压很大一部分被震荡气流产生装置和呼吸管路吸收而不能有效地被输送到患者呼吸道。
因此，亟需一种新型高频震荡呼吸支持设备，能够输出满足预设频率和幅度的震荡气流，并能有效输送到通气患者的呼吸道，达到通气治疗的目的。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持 设备，能够输出满足预设频率和幅度的震荡气流，并能控制振荡气流有效输送到通气患者的呼吸道，达到通气治疗的目的。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其步骤包括：
S1：在一定时间段内，风机驱动控制器控制风机输出恒定气流Q total；
S2:恒定气流Q total经过分流器后的一路气流在泄流装置的作用下呈震荡形态泄放，该路气流为震荡泄放气流Q vent；
S3：恒定气流Q total经过分流器后的另一路气流经管路输出到患者端，该路气流为呼吸气流Q rep，根据Q rep＝Q total-Q vent得到与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，在步骤S2中，所述泄流装置包括泄流阀和泄流阀驱动控制器，所述泄放气流为泄流阀驱动控制器控制泄流阀产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，所述泄流阀为电控单向比例泄流阀，泄流阀驱动控制器通过改变电控单向比例泄流阀的控制电压V来控制其阀门的开度O，从而控制泄放气流Q vent的大小。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，所述震荡泄放气流包括但不限于正弦波形、脉冲波形、或三角波波形，对应的，所述呼吸气流为与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，在步骤S1中，在一定时间段内，是指在吸气时间段T in或呼气时间段T ex内，风机驱动控制器控制风机输出吸气相恒定气流Q total吸或呼气相恒定气流Q total呼。
本发明还提供一种采用上述高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法的呼吸支持设备，包括风机、风机驱动控制器和分流器，所述风机驱动控制器用于控制风机在不同时间段内输出不同流量值的恒定气流，所述分流器的进气口与风机的出气口连接，所述分流器的第一出气口连接有呼吸管路，所述呼吸管路用于向患者端输送呼吸气流；所述分流器的第二出气口连接有泄流装置，所述泄流装置用于泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流。
作为上述方案进一步的改进，所述泄流装置包括泄流阀和泄流阀驱动控制 器，所述泄流阀驱动控制器用于控制泄流阀产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡气流。
作为上述方案进一步的改进，所述泄流阀为电控单向比例泄流阀。
作为上述方案进一步的改进，所述泄流装置的泄流口与大气连通或连接有回收装置。
作为上述方案进一步的改进，所述呼吸管路包括安全节流阀、安全限压阀、呼吸支持设备输出管路接口，且所述安全节流阀、安全限压阀、呼吸支持设备输出管路接口自第一出气口的气流输送方向依次连接。
作为上述方案进一步的改进，所述分流器为三通分流器。
由于本发明采用了以上技术方案，使本申请具备的有益效果在于：
1、本发明的一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，风机只需要在给定时间段内输出恒定气流Q total，然后将恒定气流通过分流器进行分流，一路气流在泄流装置的作用下呈震荡形态泄放，该路气流为泄放气流Q vent；另一路气流经管路输出到患者端，该路气流为呼吸气流Q rep，根据Q rep＝Q total-Q vent得到与泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流；这样的设置，首先只需要风机在给定时间段内输出恒定气流，这样对风机驱动控制器控制要求低，且计算量小；同时由于风机输出的是恒定气流，减少了风机对震荡气流的影响，意味着提高了震荡气流的输出能力。因此为了获得震荡呼吸气流，只需要控制泄流装置输出预设频率和预设幅度的泄放气流，便可得到与泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流，整个装备控制输出的运算量小，节省了控制器的资源，有利于呼吸支持设备性能的提高。
2、本发明的呼吸支持设备，包括风机、风机驱动控制器和分流器，所述风机驱动控制器用于控制风机在不同时间段内输出不同流量值的恒定气流，所述分流器的进气口与风机的出气口连接，所述分流器的第一出气口连接有呼吸管路，所述呼吸管路用于向患者端输送呼吸气流；所述分流器的第二出气口连接有泄流装置，所述泄流装置用于泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流，通过设置分流器使得恒定气流被分流，分流后的一路气流通过泄压装置泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡气流，分流后的另一路气流通过呼吸管路输送到患者端，即为呼吸气流，根据恒定气流恒定不变的原理，从而得到呼吸气流等于恒定气流减去泄放震荡气流，便可得到与泄放震荡气流波形相位相反的呼吸震荡气流，这样的设置结 构简单，控制容易，相对于利用振荡活塞的形式获取的振荡气压，本发明的呼吸气流的获取方法操作使用便捷，且并能控制振荡气流有效输送到通气患者的呼吸道，达到通气治疗的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图；
图1为本发明的呼吸支持设备的元件连接示意图；
图2为本发明的呼吸支持设备的风机输出恒定气流波形示意图；
图3为本发明的呼吸支持设备的某种泄放气流波形示意图；
图4为本发明的呼吸支持设备的患者呼吸气流波形示意图；
附图标记如下：
1、气源输入口；2、空气过滤器；3、风机；4、风机驱动控制器；5、分流器；6、安全节流阀；7、安全限压阀；8、管路接口；9、吸气管路；10、患者端Y型接口；11、呼气管路；12、泄流阀；13、泄流阀驱动控制器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示诸如第一、第二、上、下、左、右、前、后……仅用于解释在某一特定姿态如附图所示下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，本发明各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
以下面结合附图以对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例1：
本发明提供一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其步骤包括：
S1：在一定时间段内，风机驱动控制器4控制风机3输出恒定气流Q total；
S2:恒定气流Q total经过分流器5后的一路气流在泄流装置的作用下呈震荡形态泄放，该路气流为震荡泄放气流Q vent；
S3：恒定气流Q total经过分流器5后的另一路气流经管路输出到患者端，该路气流为呼吸气流Q rep，根据Q rep＝Q total-Q vent得到与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。本发明基于总恒定气流Q total不变，其中一个分流量变化，则另一个分流量也相应变化的原理，得到高频震荡呼吸气流；且在本实施例中，所述泄流装置包括泄流阀12和泄流阀驱动控制器13，所述泄放气流为泄流阀驱动控制器13控制泄流阀12产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流，具体的，所述泄流阀12为电控单向比例泄流阀12，泄流阀驱动控制器13通过改变电控单向比例泄流阀12的控制电压V来控制其阀门的开度O，从而控制泄放气流Qvent的大小，再由风机3输出的总恒定气流Q total减去泄放气流Q vent，便可得到输送到患者端Y型接口10的震荡呼吸气流Q rep。呼吸气流Q rep的计算过程如下公式所示：
Figure PCTCN2021117961-appb-000001
其中f(O)为电控单向比例泄流阀12的阀门开度函数，O＝g(V)表示阀门开度与泄流阀12控制电压的函数，因此，可根据电控单向比例泄流阀12的控制电压计算得到泄放气流值Q vent。
这样的设置，首先只需要风机3在给定时间段内输出恒定气流，这样对风机驱动控制器4控制要求低，且计算量小；同时由于风机3输出的是恒定气流，减少了风机3对震荡气流的影响，意味着提高了震荡气流的输出能力；为了获得震荡呼吸气流，只需要控制泄流装置输出预设频率和预设幅度的泄放气流，便可得到与泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流，使得采用本高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法的整个装备控制输出的运算量小，节省了控制器的资源，有利于呼吸支持设备性能的提高。
作为优选的实施例，所述震荡泄放气流包括但不限于正弦波形、脉冲波形、或三角波波形，对应的，所述呼吸气流为与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流，具体的，可根据患者的情况选择不同的震荡泄放波形。
作为优选的实施例，在步骤S1中，在一定时间段内，是指在吸气时间段T in或呼气时间段T ex内，风机驱动控制器4控制风机3输出吸气相恒定气流Q total吸或呼气相恒定气流Q total呼。参照图2-图4，在吸气时间段T in内，风机3输出吸气对应的吸气气流，在呼气时间段T ex内，风机3输出吸气对应的呼气气流；同时，控制泄流装置输出的泄放气流，在对应的吸气时间段T in内，泄流装置泄放对应的吸气泄放气流，在呼气时间段T ex内，泄流装置泄放对应的呼气泄放气流，对应的，便可得到患者端在吸气时间段T in内的吸气呼吸气流以及在呼气时间段T ex内的呼气呼吸气流。
实施例2：
本参照图1，发明还提供一种采用上述高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法的呼吸支持设备，包括风机3、风机驱动控制器4和分流器5，所述风机驱动控制器4用于控制风机3在不同时间段内输出不同流量值的恒定气流，所述分流器5的进气口与风机3的出气口连接，所述分流器5的第一出气口连接有呼吸管路，所述呼吸管路用于向患者端输送呼吸气流；所述分流器5的第二出气口连接有泄流装置，所述泄流装置用于泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流，具体的，在本实施例中，气源通过气源输入口1进入呼吸支持设备，再依次经过气流过滤器和风机3，风机3的出气口连接有三通分流器5，经过三通分流器5的一路气流连接有电控单向比例泄流阀12以泄放气流，经过三通分流器5的另一路气流依次通过安全节流阀6、安全限压阀7、管路接口8、吸气管路9和患者端Y型接口10输送到患者端，且患者端Y型接口10还连接有呼气管路11；通过设置分流器5使得恒定气流被分流，分流后的一路气流通过泄压装置泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡气流，分流后的另一路气流通过呼吸管路输送到患者端，即为呼吸气流，根据恒定气流恒定不变的原理，从而得到呼吸气流等于恒定气流减去泄放震荡气流，便可得到与泄放震荡气流波形相位相反的呼吸震荡气流，这样的设置结构简单，控制容易，相对于利用振荡活塞的形式获取的振荡气压，本发明的呼吸气流的获取方法操作使用便捷，且并能控制振荡气流有效输送到通气患者的呼吸道， 达到通气治疗的目的。
作为优选的实施例，所述泄流装置包括电控单向比例泄流阀12和泄流阀驱动控制器13，所述泄流阀驱动控制器13用于控制电控单向比例泄流阀12产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡气流。
作为优选的实施例，所述泄流阀12的泄流口与大气连通或连接有回收装置，在本实施例中，所述泄流阀12的泄流口与大气连通。
以上是本发明的详细的介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理以及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法以及核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其特征在于，其步骤包括：
    S1：在一定时间段内，风机驱动控制器控制风机输出恒定气流Q total；
    S2:恒定气流Q total经过分流器后的一路气流在泄流装置的作用下呈震荡形态泄放，该路气流为震荡泄放气流Q vent；
    S3：恒定气流Q total经过分流器后的另一路气流经管路输出到患者端，该路气流为呼吸气流Q rep，根据Q rep＝Q total-Q vent得到与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其特征在于，在步骤S2中，所述泄流装置包括泄流阀和泄流阀驱动控制器，所述泄放气流为泄流阀驱动控制器控制泄流阀产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其特征在于，所述泄流阀为电控单向比例泄流阀，泄流阀驱动控制器通过改变电控单向比例泄流阀的控制电压V来控制其阀门的开度O，从而控制泄放气流Q vent的大小。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法，其特征在于，所述震荡泄放气流包括但不限于正弦波形、脉冲波形、或三角波波形，对应的，所述呼吸气流为与震荡泄放气流波形相位相反的震荡呼吸气流。
  5. 一种采用权利要求1-4任意一项所述的高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法的呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，包括风机、风机驱动控制器和分流器，所述风机驱动控制器用于控制风机在不同时间段内输出不同流量值的恒定气流，所述分流器的进气口与风机的出气口连接，所述分流器的第一出气口连接有呼吸管路，所述呼吸管路用于向患者端输送呼吸气流；所述分流器的第二出气口连接有泄流装置，所述泄流装置用于泄放预设频率和预设幅度的震荡泄放气流。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，所述泄流装置包括泄流阀和泄流阀驱动控制器，所述泄流阀驱动控制器用于控制泄流阀产生预设频率和预设幅度的震荡气流。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，所述泄流阀为电控单向比例泄流阀。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任意一项所述的一种呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，所述泄流装置的泄流口与大气连通或连接有回收装置。
  9. 根据权利要求5-7任意一项所述的一种呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，所述呼吸管路包括安全节流阀、安全限压阀、呼吸支持设备输出管路接口，且所述安全节流阀、安全限压阀、呼吸支持设备输出管路接口自第一出气口的气流输送方向依次连接。
  10. 根据权利要求5-7任意一项所述的一种呼吸支持设备，其特征在于，所述分流器为三通分流器。
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CN107614041A (zh) * 2015-03-06 2018-01-19 高振平 具有振荡阀的呼气正压装置
CN206325088U (zh) * 2016-08-26 2017-07-14 深圳市安保科技有限公司 一种闭环通气系统及呼吸机
CN112704789A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-27 湖南明康中锦医疗科技发展有限公司 一种高频震荡呼吸气流产生方法及呼吸支持设备

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