WO2022141980A1 - 一种切碎器组件 - Google Patents

一种切碎器组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022141980A1
WO2022141980A1 PCT/CN2021/089949 CN2021089949W WO2022141980A1 WO 2022141980 A1 WO2022141980 A1 WO 2022141980A1 CN 2021089949 W CN2021089949 W CN 2021089949W WO 2022141980 A1 WO2022141980 A1 WO 2022141980A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grass
movable
movable knife
blades
fixed
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PCT/CN2021/089949
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王军
王佳军
邹杨昊
Original Assignee
江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022141980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022141980A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of crushing devices, and in particular, to a chopper assembly.
  • the existing combine harvesters use low stubble to harvest crops, which reduces the height of the straw left in the farmland, making it impossible to incinerate.
  • the length of straw cut by the combine harvester is long, and it must be fully chopped by the combine harvester and then spread evenly on the farmland.
  • Fertilizers can fundamentally put an end to straw burning.
  • the existing combine harvester grass cutters use four sets of blade combinations to cross in a cross-shaped arrangement along the radial direction of the movable cutter roller. The blade combinations are arranged in six rows at an axial interval of the movable cutter roller, and each set of blade combinations has a total of 4 blades.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the low distribution efficiency of the crushing device in the prior art.
  • a chopper assembly comprising:
  • the moving knife roller is arranged in the grass discharging channel
  • a plurality of movable blades are arranged in a spiral shape and can be detachably mounted on the movable knife roller; any one of the movable blades is parallel to the cross section of the movable knife roller;
  • a fixed knife seat arranged in the grass discharge channel on the side of the movable knife roller close to the grass inlet;
  • a plurality of stationary blades are arranged on the stationary blade seat in the same direction and at even intervals; when the movable blade roller is driven to rotate, the movable blade roller drives the movable blade to rotate through the gap between the stationary blades;
  • the distributing structure which is arranged on the grass discharging port, is suitable for evenly distributing the broken grain grass.
  • a plurality of movable knife seats are welded and fixed on the movable knife roller; the movable blades are fixedly installed in the movable knife seat in one-to-one correspondence.
  • any one of the movable knife bases is in an indented structure; the movable blade is bolted and fixed in the indented installation cavity of the movable knife seat.
  • a plurality of the movable knife seats are arranged in rows; in the width direction, the movable knife seats are arranged in multiple rows.
  • the movable tool seats of adjacent rows are inclined in the same direction.
  • the movable tool seats in adjacent rows are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction.
  • anti-wrap ring Also includes an anti-wrap ring; the anti-wrap ring includes:
  • At least two card boards are fixed on one of the two adjacent ring boards, and a slot is formed between the two ring boards; the other ring board is suitable for being plugged and fixed in the slot middle.
  • the distribution structure includes:
  • the grass dividing board is fixed on the upper edge of the grass discharge opening
  • the board surface of the grass dividing board is gradually expanded from the grass discharge port toward the end away from the grass discharge port;
  • a plurality of first grass guides are arranged on the lower surface of the grass dividing board at intervals along a direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening; the first grass guiding boards are perpendicular to the grass dividing board and are The centerlines of the grass dividing boards are set at an angle.
  • the first grass guide plate is arranged at one end close to the grass discharge opening; further comprising:
  • a plurality of second grass guides are arranged on the lower surface of the grass dividing board at intervals along the direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening, and are located at one end away from the grass discharge opening; the second grass guides is perpendicular to the grass dividing board and is arranged at an angle with the center line of the grass dividing board;
  • the number of the second grass guides is greater than the number of the first grass guides.
  • the chopper assembly provided by the present application includes a grass discharge channel, a grass inlet and a grass discharge opening located at both ends of the grass discharge channel, and the moving knife roller is arranged in the grass discharge channel.
  • a plurality of moving blades are arranged in a spiral shape and can be detachably installed on the moving knife roller. Any moving blade is parallel to the cross section of the moving knife roller.
  • a plurality of fixed blades are arranged on the fixed knife seat in the same direction and at even intervals.
  • the cutting state between the fixed blade and the moving knife roller still improves the cutting efficiency and reduces the power output cost for increasing the rotating speed under the normal rotating speed of the moving knife roller.
  • the distributing structure is arranged on the straw discharge opening, which is suitable for evenly distributing the broken grain and straw.
  • the chopped grain grass is evenly spread on the farmland through the spreading structure to avoid the grain and grass from accumulating in the farmland, reducing labor and improving efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chopper in an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fixed knife seat in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving knife roller in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the movable knife seat after the movable knife roller is unfolded along its generatrix in the embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the movable knife seat in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the moving blade in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-wrap ring in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the distribution structure in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grass dividing board in an embodiment of the present application.
  • K anti-winding ring
  • 1k ring plate
  • 11k bottom plate
  • 12k side plate
  • 2k card plate
  • 3k slot
  • 4k troubleshooting slot
  • 5k assembly hole
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • This embodiment provides a chopper assembly, as shown in Figures 1 and 8, comprising a grass discharge channel, a grass inlet (not shown in the figure) and a grass discharge opening 10p at both ends of the grass discharge channel, and a moving knife roller. Both ends of 1r are rotatably fixed on the left side wall 10r and the right side wall 11r of the grass discharging channel. For the convenience of clearly showing other structures, the left side wall 10r and the right side wall 11r are only partially shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the movable knife roll 1r is a cylindrical roll.
  • a plurality of movable blades 2r are arranged in a spiral shape and are detachably mounted on the movable knife roller 1r, and any movable blade 2r is parallel to the cross section of the movable knife roller 1r.
  • a plurality of movable knife bases 5r are welded and fixed on the movable knife roller 1r, and the movable blades 2r are in one-to-one correspondence and fixedly installed in the movable knife base 5r.
  • Each movable knife seat 5r has a recessed structure.
  • the movable blade 2r is bolted and fixed in the recessed mounting cavity of the movable knife seat 5r.
  • a plurality of movable knife seats 5r are arranged in a row and inclined, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the six movable knife seats 5r form a row
  • the first movable knife seat 5r from the upper left is arranged in an inclining interval to the lower right.
  • the movable knife seats 5r are arranged in multiple rows.
  • the movable knife seats 5r form four rows from top to bottom, and the four rows of movable knife seats 5r are inclined in the same direction.
  • the movable knife seats 5r in the adjacent rows are arranged at intervals in the length direction, that is, the first movable knife seat 5r and the second movable knife seat 5r are arranged in dislocation, and the first movable knife seat 5r is arranged with the third movable knife seat 5r.
  • the position of the knife bases 5r is the same, forming a row-by-row intersection, and the distribution state on the movable knife roller 1r is shown in Figure 5, so that the orthographic projection of all the movable knife bases 5r on the plane where the cross section of the movable knife roller 1r is located is a closed ring. 6 , after the movable blade 2r is installed in the movable knife seat 5r, the movable blade 2r can also form a closed loop on the plane where the cross section of the movable knife roller 1r is located.
  • the fixed knife seat 3r is arranged obliquely below the movable knife roller 1r. As shown in FIG. 2 , a plurality of fixed blades 4r are arranged on the fixed knife seat 3r in the same direction and evenly spaced, and a row of adjacent fixed blades 4r passes through correspondingly.
  • the movable blade 2r for example, in FIG. 4, the movable blade 2r in the first row is the movable blade 2r on the first movable blade seat 5r from the left in the first row and the third row, and the movable blade 2r in the second row is the second row and the movable blade 2r.
  • the movable knife roller 1r When the movable knife roller 1r is driven to rotate, the movable knife roller 1r drives the movable blade 2r to rotate through the gap between the fixed blades 4r.
  • the movable blades 2r are arranged in a spiral shape on the roller surface of the movable knife roller 1r.
  • the movable knife roller 1r When the movable knife roller 1r is in any rotational position, it can be ensured that all the movable blades 2r can pass through the gap between the fixed blades 4r, that is, it can be The cutting state between the movable blade 2r and the fixed blade 4r is always maintained. Under the normal rotation speed of the movable blade roller 1r, the cutting efficiency is still improved, the power output cost for increasing the rotation speed is reduced, and the damage caused by increasing the rotation speed is avoided. Safety hazards brought about by dynamic balancing.
  • each anti-winding ring K includes at least two ring plates 1k and at least two clamping plates 2k.
  • the ring plates 1k are respectively in circular arc structures, and all the ring plates 1k are connected end to end to form an annular isolation area.
  • At least two card boards 2k are fixed on one of the two adjacent ring boards 1k, and a slot 3k is formed between them and the ring board 1k; the other ring board 1k is suitable for being inserted and fixed on The slot is 3k.
  • any ring plate 1k includes a bottom plate 11k and a side plate 12k, the bottom plate 11k is a flat plate and is bent in a circular arc shape, and the side plate 12k is a curved plate, along the outer edge of the bottom plate 11k In this embodiment, the bottom plate 11k and the side plate 12k are integrally formed.
  • two ring plates 1k are provided, and the two ring plates 1k are both semi-circular arc shapes. Drill holes on the top, and connect the two ring plates 1k by bolts.
  • the bottom plate 11k also has a number of mounting holes 5k.
  • the mounting holes 5k match the size of conventional bolts.
  • the bolts pass through the mounting holes 5k to install and fix the anti-wrap ring on the left side wall 10r and the right side wall 11r.
  • the number of the ring plates 1k can also be three or four, etc., which are connected end to end in sequence, and can be enclosed in a circular isolation area. The specific number of the ring plates 1k depends on the specific situation.
  • the side plate 12k of any ring plate 1k is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate 11k, the clamping plate 2k is bent in an L-shape, and the short side of the L-shape is welded and fixed on the outer wall surface of the side plate 12k, and is located on the side plate At both ends of 12k, the L-shaped long side and the side plate 12k are arranged in parallel, a slot 3k is formed between the card board 2k and the side plate 12k, and the two ends of the other side plate 12k are correspondingly inserted into the slot 3k .
  • the bottom plate 11k is also provided with at least one barrier removal port for observing or extending into other equipment.
  • the barrier removal port is directed from the inner edge of the arc-shaped bottom plate 11k to the outer ring.
  • the barrier removal groove 4k is formed with a concave edge.
  • the barrier removal groove 4k is an isosceles trapezoid as a whole, and the width of the groove is larger than the width of the groove bottom.
  • the notch is located on the inner ring of the bottom plate 11k, and the hole enclosed by the bottom plate 11k of the anti-winding ring is used to sleeve and fix it on the bearing seat.
  • the notch is fastened to the surface of the bearing seat, and the size of the notch is large, which is more convenient to observe the inside.
  • two barrier removal grooves 4k are respectively provided on the bottom plate 11k of each ring plate 1k, and four barrier removal grooves 4k are evenly spaced on the circumference.
  • the annular isolation area is enclosed by the ring plate 1k, which is suitable for being sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft, and blocked in the gap, so as to prevent weeds or straws from being entangled on the driving shaft.
  • the spreading structure includes a grass spreading plate 1p, a plurality of first grass guides 2p, and a plurality of second grass guides 3p.
  • an extension section 11p is provided on the grass dividing board 1p.
  • the width of the extension section 11p is the same as the width of the grass discharge opening 10p. edge.
  • the grass dividing board 1p is inclined downward as a whole.
  • the board surface of the grass dividing board 1p is gradually increased from the extending section 11p to the end away from the grass discharging opening 10p, and a plurality of first grass guiding boards 2p are arranged at intervals along the direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharging opening 10p on the edge of the grass dividing board 1p. on the lower surface and close to one end of the grass discharge opening 10p.
  • the first grass guide plate 2p is perpendicular to the grass dividing plate 1p and is arranged at an angle with the center line of the grass dividing plate 1p.
  • there are three first grass guide plates 2p which are arranged on the grass dividing plate 1p at different angles, and are suitable for guiding the broken straw in different directions.
  • the first grass guides 2p may also be provided with four, five, etc., depending on specific needs, and the first grass guides 2p are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the grass dividing board 1p.
  • a plurality of second grass guides 3p are provided on the end of the grass dividing plate 1p away from the grass discharging opening 10p, and the second grass guiding plates 3p are arranged at intervals on the grass dividing plate along the direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharging opening 10p 1p on the lower surface.
  • the second grass guide plate 3p is perpendicular to the grass dividing plate 1p and is arranged at an angle with the center line of the grass dividing plate 1p.
  • the number of the second grass guides 3p is greater than the number of the first grass guides 2p.
  • the seventh second grass guides 3p there are seven second grass guides 3p, and the seven second grass guides 3p are evenly spaced, and the number of the second grass guides 3p is evenly spaced.
  • the midline of the grass board 1p is set symmetrically.
  • the angle between the second grass guide 3p and the center line of the grass divider 1p gradually increases from the second grass guide 3p close to the center line of the grass divider 1p to the second grass guide 3p away from the center line of the grass divider 1p
  • the other second grass guides 3p are curved panels, so that all the second grass guides 3p are fan-shaped as a whole.
  • the first grass guide plate 2p and the second grass guide plate 3p form a trapezoidal structure, and the crushed straw coming out of the grass discharge port 10p is guided and dispersed for the first time through the first grass guide plate 2p, and then passes through the second grass guide.
  • the plate 3p spreads in a wide range and at multiple angles, so that the grains and grasses cut and broken by the movable blade 2r and the fixed blade 4r are evenly spread in the field, avoiding in-line accumulation in the field, and improving the spreading efficiency.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种切碎器组件，包括排草通道和位于排草通道两端的进草口和排草口（10p）；动刀辊（1r），设置在排草通道内；多个动刀片（2r），呈螺旋状排列分布并可拆卸地安装在动刀辊（1r）上，任一动刀片（2r）平行于动刀辊（1r）的横截面；定刀座（3r），设置在动刀辊（1r）靠近进草口一侧的排草通道内；多个定刀片（4r），同向均匀间隔设置在定刀座（3r）上；分撒结构，设置在排草口（10p）上，适于将破碎后的谷草均匀分撒。动刀辊（1r）受驱动旋转至任一位置上时，能够保证所有动刀片（2r）能经过定刀片（4r）之间的间隙，即能够始终保持动刀片（2r）与定刀片（4r）之间的切削状态，在动刀辊（1r）常规转速下，仍然提高了切碎效率，降低了为提高转速带来的动力输出成本，通过分撒结构能够避免谷草在农田中堆积。

Description

一种切碎器组件 技术领域
本申请涉及破碎装置技术领域，具体涉及一种切碎器组件。
背景技术
将联合收割机收割后的谷草切碎抛洒还田是一项既能防止焚烧秸秆污染空气又能作为有机肥料肥沃土地的符合环保要求的重要措施，为了达到这一目的，现有的联合收割机均已配备了破碎装置。
联合收割机收割作物后留下的秸秆若长度过长，农户一般采用焚烧秸秆的方法清理田地，焚烧秸秆时产生大量的烟尘严重污染空气，燃烧排放的二氧化碳增大了大气中二氧化碳的含量，加剧了温室效应；与减少大气中二氧化碳排放的环保要求背道而驰。
为了避免出现前述状况，现有的联合收割机采用低茬收割作物，降低了农田里留下的秸秆高度，使其无法进行焚烧。同时，联合收割机割下的秸秆长度较长，必须经过联合收割机充分切碎后均匀地铺撒在农田里，在拖拉机翻地时，将农田里留下的秸秆和碎草翻入土中充作肥料，才能从根本上杜绝焚烧秸秆。现有的联合收割机切草器沿动刀辊径向采用四个一组的刀片组合交叉成十字形排列，刀片组合在动刀辊轴向间隔排列六排，每组刀片组合共有4个刀片，共计有24个刀片，通过加大切草器主轴转速来提高其碎草性能，这种方法虽然达到了碎草效果，但消耗了联合收割机的很大一部分功率。并且提高转速后还需增加对切草器的动平衡要求，直接加 大了切草器的制造成本。
发明内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的破碎装置分撒效率低。
为此，本申请提出一种切碎器组件，包括：
排草通道和位于排草通道两端的进草口和排草口；
动刀辊，设置在所述排草通道内；
多个动刀片，呈螺旋状排列分布并可拆卸地安装在所述动刀辊上；任一所述动刀片平行于所述动刀辊的横截面；
定刀座，设置在所述动刀辊靠近所述进草口一侧的所述排草通道内；
多个定刀片，同向且均匀间隔设置在所述定刀座上；所述动刀辊受驱动旋转时，所述动刀辊带动所述动刀片旋转经过所述定刀片之间的间隙；
分撒结构，设置在所述排草口上，适于将破碎后的谷草均匀分撒。
所有所述动刀片在所述动刀辊横截面所在的平面上的正投影围成闭合环。
还包括：
多个动刀座，焊接固定在所述动刀辊上；所述动刀片一一对应固定安装在所述动刀座内。
任一所述动刀座呈匚型结构；所述动刀片栓接固定在所述动刀座的匚型安装腔内。
沿圆柱形的所述动刀辊的母线展开的方形结构中，在长度方向上，多个所述动刀座成排设置；在宽度方向上，所述动刀座成多排设置。
在宽度方向上，相邻排的所述动刀座同向倾斜设置。
相邻排中的所述动刀座在长度方向上一一间隔设置。
还包括防缠圈；所述防缠圈包括：
至少两个圈板，分别呈圆弧形结构；所有所述圈板首尾相接围成圆环状的隔离区；
至少两个卡板，固定在相接的两个圈板中的其一圈板上，且与该圈板之间形成插槽；另一所述圈板适于插接固定在所述插槽中。
所述分撒结构包括：
分草板，固定在排草口上边缘；
所述分草板的板面自所述排草口朝向远离所述排草口的一端逐渐扩大设置；
多个第一导草板，沿平行于所述排草口边缘的方向间隔设置在所述分草板的下表面上；所述第一导草板垂直于所述分草板且与所述分草板的中线之间呈角度设置。
所述第一导草板设置在靠近所述排草口的一端；还包括：
多个第二导草板，沿平行于所述排草口边缘的方向间隔设置在所述分草板的下表面上，并位于远离所述排草口的一端；所述第二导草板垂直于所述分草板且与所述分草板的中线之间呈角度设置；
所述第二导草板的数量大于所述第一导草板的数量。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的切碎器组件，包括排草通道和位于排草通道两端的进草口和排草口，动刀辊设置在排草通道内。多个动刀片呈螺旋状排列分布并可拆卸地安装在动刀辊上，任一动刀片平行于动刀辊的横截面，定刀座设置在动刀辊靠近进草口一侧的排草通道内。多个定刀片同向且均匀间隔设置在定刀座上，动刀辊受驱动旋转至任一位置上时，能够保证均有动刀片能经过定刀片之间的间隙，即能够始终保持动刀片与定刀片之间的切削状态，在动刀辊常规转速下，仍然提高了切碎效率，降低了为提高转速带来的动力输出成本。分撒结构设置在排草口上，适于将破碎后的谷草均匀分撒。将切碎的谷草通过分撒结构均匀铺撒在农田中，避免谷草在农田中 堆积，减少人工，提高效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例中切碎器的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中定刀座的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中动刀辊的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中动刀辊沿其母线展开后动刀座的分布结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中动刀座的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中动刀片的装配结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中防缠圈的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中分撒结构的装配结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中分草板的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1r、动刀辊；2r、动刀片；3r、定刀座；4r、定刀片；5r、动刀座；10r、左侧壁；11r、右侧壁；
K、防缠圈；1k、圈板；11k、底板；12k、侧板；2k、卡板；3k、插槽；4k、排障槽；5k、装配孔；
1p、分草板；11p、延伸段；2p、第一导草板；3p、第二导草板；10p、排草口。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种切碎器组件，如图1和图8所示，包括排草通道和位于排草通道两端的进草口(图中未示出)和排草口10p，动刀辊1r两端可转动地固定在排草通道的左侧壁10r和右侧壁11r，为便于清晰的展示其他结构，左侧壁10r和右侧壁11r在图1中仅以部分示出。动刀辊1r为圆柱形辊。多个动刀片2r呈螺旋状排列分布并可拆卸地安装在动刀辊1r上，任一动刀片2r平行于动刀辊1r的横截面。
如图3所示，多个动刀座5r焊接固定在动刀辊1r上，动刀片2r一一对应并固定安装在动刀座5r内。每个动刀座5r呈匚型结构，本实施例中，动刀片2r栓接固定在动刀座5r的匚型安装腔内。
如图4所示，将动刀辊1r沿其圆柱形的其中一条母线展开平铺后的方形结构中，在长度方向上，多个动刀座5r成排并倾斜设置，如图4所示，六个动刀座5r组成一排，且从左上的第一个动刀座5r依次向右下倾斜间隔排布。在宽度方向上，动刀座5r呈多排设置，如图4所示，本实施例中，动刀座5r自上而下形成四排，四排动刀座5r同向倾斜设置。且相邻排中的动刀座5r在长度方向上一一间隔设置，即第一排动刀座5r与第二排动刀座5r错位设置，第一排动刀座5r与第三排动刀座5r位置相同，形成逐排交叉，在动刀辊1r上的分布状态如图5所示，使得所有动刀座5r在动刀辊1r横截面所在的平面上的正投影呈闭合环型，如图6所示，动刀座5r内均安装动刀片2r后，使得动刀片2r同样能够在动刀辊1r的横截面所在的平面上围成闭合环。
定刀座3r设置在动刀辊1r的斜下方，如图2所示，多个定刀片4r同 向且均匀间隔设置在定刀座3r上，相邻两个定刀片4r之间对应通过一列动刀片2r，例如图4中，第一列动刀片2r为第一排和第三排中左数第一个动刀座5r上的动刀片2r，第二列动刀片2r为第二排和第四排中左数第一个动刀座5r上的动刀片2r，以此类推。
动刀辊1r受驱动旋转时，动刀辊1r带动动刀片2r旋转经过定刀片4r之间的间隙。将动刀片2r在动刀辊1r的辊面上呈螺旋状排列分布，动刀辊1r处于任一旋转位置上时，能够保证均有动刀片2r能经过定刀片4r之间的间隙，即能够始终保持动刀片2r与定刀片4r之间的切削状态，在动刀辊1r常规转速下，仍然提高了切碎效率，降低了为提高转速带来的动力输出成本，同时避免了提高转速导致破坏动平衡带来的安全隐患。
如图7所示，防缠圈K套设在动刀辊1r两端的轴承座上并固定在左侧壁10r和右侧壁11r上。如图7所示，每一个防缠圈K包括至少两个圈板1k和至少两个卡板2k。圈板1k分别呈圆弧形结构，所有圈板1k首尾相接围成圆环状的隔离区。至少两个卡板2k，固定在相接的两个圈板1k中的其一圈板1k上，且与该圈板1k之间形成插槽3k；另一圈板1k适于插接固定在该插槽3k中。
本实施例中，如图7所示，任一圈板1k包括底板11k和侧板12k，底板11k为平板，呈圆弧形弯曲设置，侧板12k为曲面板，沿底板11k的外圈边缘设置，本实施例中，底板11k和侧板12k一体成型。
本实施例中，圈板1k设置两个，两个圈板1k均呈半圆弧状，其一圈板1k外壁面贴合在另一圈板1k的内壁面上，并在叠加的两个底板11k上打孔，通过螺栓固定连接两个圈板1k。底板11k上还开设若干装配孔5k， 装配孔5k与常规螺栓尺寸相匹配，螺栓穿过装配孔5k将防缠圈安装固定在左侧壁10r和右侧壁11r上。当然，圈板1k也可以为三个或四个等，顺序依次首尾相接，围成圆环状隔离区即可，圈板1k的具体数量视具体情况而定。
本实施例中，任一圈板1k的侧板12k垂直底板11k设置，卡板2k呈L形折弯，L形短边焊接固定在其一侧板12k的外壁面上，并位于该侧板12k的两端，L形长边与该侧板12k之间平行设置，卡板2k与侧板12k之间形成插槽3k，另一侧板12k的两端对应插接在该插槽3k中。
再如图7所示，底板11k上还开设至少一个排障口，用于观察或者从中伸入其他设备，本实施例中，排障口为由圆弧形的底板11k内圈边缘朝向外圈边缘凹陷成型的排障槽4k，排障槽4k整体呈等腰梯形，且槽口的宽度大于槽底的宽度。槽口位于底板11k的内圈上，防缠圈的底板11k围成的孔用于套设固定在轴承座上，因此，槽口扣合在轴承座表面，槽口尺寸大，更便于观察内部情况。本实施例中，每个圈板1k的底板11k上各设置两个排障槽4k，四个排障槽4k在圆周上均匀间隔设置。
通过圈板1k围成圆环状隔离区，适于套设固定在驱动转轴上，并阻挡在间隙中，避免杂草或秸秆缠绕在驱动转轴上。
如图8和图9所示，分撒结构包括分草板1p、多个第一导草板2p和多个第二导草板3p。如图9所示，分草板1p上设置延伸段11p，延伸段11p的宽度与排草口10p的宽度相同，延伸段11p边缘翻边设置，并通过翻边固定在排草口10p的上边缘。分草板1p整体向下倾斜设置。
分草板1p板面从其延伸段11p向远离排草口10p的一端逐渐增大设置， 多个第一导草板2p沿平行于排草口10p边缘的方向间隔设置在分草板1p的下表面上，并靠近排草口10p的一端。第一导草板2p垂直于分草板1p且与分草板1p的中线之间呈角度设置。本实施例中，第一导草板2p设置三个，呈不同角度设置在分草板1p上，适于将破碎的谷草朝向不同的方向导引。第一导草板2p还可以设置四个、五个等，视具体需要而定，第一导草板2p关于分草板1p的中线对称设置。
如图9所示，分草板1p上远离排草口10p的一端设置多个第二导草板3p，第二导草板3p沿平行于排草口10p边缘的方向间隔设置在分草板1p的下表面上。同样地，第二导草板3p垂直于分草板1p且与分草板1p的中线之间呈角度设置。本实施例中，第二导草板3p的数量大于第一导草板2p的数量，例如，第二导草板3p设置七个，七个第二导草板3p均匀间隔设置，且关于分草板1p的中线对称设置。第二导草板3p与分草板1p的中线之间的夹角，自靠近分草板1p的中线的第二导草板3p向远离分草板1p的中线的第二导草板3p逐渐增大设置，本实施例中，除位于分草板1p中线上的第二导草板3p，其他第二导草板3p为曲面板，使得所有第二导草板3p整体呈扇形张开。第一导草板2p和第二导草板3p围成梯形结构，通过第一导草板2p将从排草口10p出来的破碎后的谷草第一次导向分散，然后再经过第二导草板3p进行大范围多角度的分撒，使经过动刀片2r和定刀片4r切削破碎的谷草均匀铺撒在田地中，避免在田地中成一字形堆积，提高分撒效率。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可 以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种切碎器组件，其特征在于，包括：
    排草通道和位于排草通道两端的进草口和排草口(10p)；
    动刀辊(1r)，设置在所述排草通道内；
    多个动刀片(2r)，呈螺旋状排列分布并可拆卸地安装在所述动刀辊(1r)上；任一所述动刀片(2r)平行于所述动刀辊(1r)的横截面；
    定刀座(3r)，设置在所述动刀辊(1r)靠近所述进草口一侧的所述排草通道内；
    多个定刀片(4r)，同向且均匀间隔设置在所述定刀座(3r)上；所述动刀辊(1r)受驱动旋转时，所述动刀辊(1r)带动所述动刀片(2r)旋转经过所述定刀片(4r)之间的间隙；
    分撒结构，设置在所述排草口(10p)上，适于将破碎后的谷草均匀分撒。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，所有所述动刀片(2r)在所述动刀辊(1r)横截面所在的平面上的正投影围成闭合环。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，还包括：
    多个动刀座(5r)，焊接固定在所述动刀辊(1r)上；所述动刀片(2r)一一对应固定安装在所述动刀座(5r)内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，任一所述动刀座(5r)呈匚型结构；所述动刀片(2r)栓接固定在所述动刀座(5r)的匚型安装腔内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，沿圆柱形的所述动刀辊(1r)的母线展开的方形结构中，在长度方向上，多个所述动刀座(5r)成排设置；在宽度方向上，所述动刀座(5r)成多排设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，在宽度方向上，相邻排的所述动刀座(5r)同向倾斜设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，相邻排中的所述动刀座(5r)在长度方向上一一间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，还包括防缠圈(K)；所述防缠圈(K)包括：
    至少两个圈板(1k)，分别呈圆弧形结构；所有所述圈板(1k)首尾相接围成圆环状的隔离区；
    至少两个卡板(2k)，固定在相接的两个圈板(1k)中的其一圈板(1k)上，且与该圈板(1k)之间形成插槽(3k)；另一所述圈板(1k)适于插接固定在所述插槽(3k)中。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，所述分撒结构包括：
    分草板(1p)，固定在排草口(10p)上边缘；
    所述分草板(1p)的板面自所述排草口(10p)朝向远离所述排草口(10p)的一端逐渐扩大设置；
    多个第一导草板(2p)，沿平行于所述排草口(10p)边缘的方向间隔设置在所述分草板(1p)的下表面上；所述第一导草板(2p)垂直于所述分草板(1p)且与所述分草板(1p)的中线之间呈角度设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的切碎器组件，其特征在于，所述第一导草板(2p)设置在靠近所述排草口(10p)的一端；还包括：
    多个第二导草板(3p)，沿平行于所述排草口(10p)边缘的方向间隔设置在所述分草板(1p)的下表面上，并位于远离所述排草口(10p)的一端；所述第二导草板(3p)垂直于所述分草板(1p)且与所述分草板(1p)的中线之间呈角度设置；
    所述第二导草板(3p)的数量大于所述第一导草板(2p)的数量。
PCT/CN2021/089949 2020-12-30 2021-04-26 一种切碎器组件 WO2022141980A1 (zh)

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