WO2014015701A1 - 全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置 - Google Patents

全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014015701A1
WO2014015701A1 PCT/CN2013/075306 CN2013075306W WO2014015701A1 WO 2014015701 A1 WO2014015701 A1 WO 2014015701A1 CN 2013075306 W CN2013075306 W CN 2013075306W WO 2014015701 A1 WO2014015701 A1 WO 2014015701A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutter
fixed
full
rotary
chopping device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075306
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王作成
王云峰
蒋书满
王春锋
唐瑞兵
Original Assignee
福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司
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Application filed by 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014015701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015701A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/40—Arrangements of straw crushers or cutters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
    • A01F29/04—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis with feeding direction transverse to axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details
    • A01F29/095—Mounting or adjusting of knives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a straw shredding device for a full-feeding combine harvester, belonging to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machine rice (wheat) combine harvester.
  • the straw chopping device adopted by most harvesters adopts a rotary cutter chopping method, and the rotary cutter is arranged in a straight line on the surface of the cutter shaft; when cutting, many cutters are simultaneously stressed, causing the cutter shaft to be radially received. Large impact, easy to cause bearing damage, increased power consumption, easy to block and other issues.
  • the current chopping device consists of a rotary cutter and a fixed cutter, and the fixed cutter is composed of a single row of fixed cutters.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a full-feeding combine harvester straw shredding device, which can effectively avoid cutting a plurality of cutters in a certain radial direction so that the reaction force impacts the bearing, resulting in bearing life. Shortening, increased power consumption, and clogging problems.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • Full feed combine harvester straw chopping device including chopping device mounting frame, the chopper device mounting frame is equipped with a movable cutter device, the movable cutter device includes a rotary cutter shaft and is mounted on the rotary cutter shaft A plurality of rotary cutters are arranged in at least one row in the axial direction on the rotary cutter shaft.
  • the angle between the centerlines of two adjacent rotary cutters is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of turns of all rotary cutters.
  • a rotating barrel welding is mounted on the outside of the rotary cutter shaft, and a rotary cutter mounting seat is mounted on the outer side of the rotary barrel welding, and the rotary cutter is located on the rotary cutter mounting seat.
  • a fixed cutter device is mounted on the shredder mounting bracket below the rotary cutter shaft and adjacent to the grass guide.
  • the front end of the chopping device mounting bracket is mounted with a grass guiding plate; the rear end of the chopping device mounting frame is connected with a straw throwing guiding device.
  • the anti-backing board for preventing backgrass is provided on the mounting device of the chopping device near the rear of the rotary cutter shaft. Further improvement:
  • the straw throwing guiding device comprises a throwing guiding top cover, the front end of the throwing guiding top cover is connected with the anti-back grass board, and the side of the throwing guiding top cover is connected with the open type straw board welding, and the chopped straw can be guided One side without crops.
  • a plurality of guide blades welded side by side at a distance from each other are connected below the throwing guide top cover, and each of the grass guide plates is welded to the throwing guide top cover by two bolts at the front and the rear;
  • the fixing hole adopts a curved long hole structure.
  • a protective plate for protecting the cutter is connected to the rear end of the throwing guide top cover.
  • the fixed cutter device comprises a curved fixed cutter mounting plate, and two sets of fixed cutters are arranged side by side in the fixed cutter mounting plate, each set includes a plurality of fixed cutters, and a plurality of fixed cutters are arranged at a certain distance apart. .
  • the rotary cutter is placed across the fixed cutter, and the rotary cutter is placed on each circular motion track twice.
  • the cutters are staggered to achieve two cuts of the straw.
  • the fixed cutter is u-shaped, and has two triangular cutter teeth at both ends; the fixed cutter adopts a stamping forming structure.
  • the fixed cutter device comprises an arc-shaped fixed cutter mounting plate, one side of the fixed cutter mounting plate is connected with the knife holder welding, the knife holder welding comprises a rotating portion and a fixed portion, and the fixing portion comprises respectively connected to the fixed cutter A fixing plate at both ends of the mounting plate, the fixing plate being fixed to the chopping device mounting bracket by bolts.
  • the rotating portion includes a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is mounted with a plurality of fixed cutters disposed at a certain distance, and the fixed cutter mounting plate is respectively provided with a slit corresponding to each fixed cutter, and each cutting is respectively performed The knives are respectively passed through the corresponding slots.
  • Two rotating plates are respectively mounted with rotating bolts, and two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with corresponding rotating bolts;
  • the fixed cutter can be rotated up and down around the rotating bolt by the rotating shaft.
  • the rotary cutter When the rotary cutter is rotated to the upper end of the slot, the whole device is in the shredding operation state, and the whole device is in the non-shredded operation state when rotated to the lower end of the slot.
  • the fixed cutter has a rectangular structure.
  • the center line of symmetry of each row of cutters is located at the lower rear of the line connecting the center of the cutter to the center of the rotary cutter; the distance between the rotary cutter and the adjacent cutter is 5 - 15 ⁇ between.
  • the invention adopts the above technical solution, and can effectively avoid the problem that a plurality of cutters are simultaneously cut in a certain radial direction so that the reaction force impacts the bearing, resulting in shortened bearing life, increased power consumption, and easy clogging.
  • the device performs the chopping action of the cutter on the straw twice, thereby effectively reducing the straw The phenomenon of continuous cutting and direct discharge from the gap of the cutter.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the top cover of Figure 1 with the shredder mounting bracket and straw throwing guide removed.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a rotary cutter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective structural view of a fixed cutter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the fixed cutter in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the cutting device mounting bracket and the straw throwing guide top cover removed in Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fixed cutter device in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fixed cutter device in which the mounting plate is removed in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the rotary cutter in the rotary cutter shaft according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • a straw chopping device for a full-feed combine harvester comprising a chopping device mounting frame 4, wherein the chopping device mounting frame 4 is provided with a movable cutter device
  • the movable cutter device includes a rotary cutter shaft 2 and a plurality of rotary cutters 2a mounted on the rotary cutter shaft 2, and the plurality of rotary cutters 2a are at least one row in the axial direction on the rotary cutter shaft 2 In the spiral arrangement, in each row of the rotary cutter 2a, the distance between two adjacent rotary cutters 2a is equal, and the angle between the center lines of the adjacent two rotary cutters 2a is equal to 360 degrees on the shaft section.
  • a cutting guide 1 is mounted on the front end of the shredder mounting bracket 4, and a fixed cutter device 3 is mounted on the shredder mounting bracket 4 at a position below the rotating cutter shaft 2 near the grass guiding plate 1, and the shredder mounting bracket The rear end of 4 is connected with a straw throwing guide 5.
  • the grass guide 1 is installed at the rear of the threshing chamber, and the straw slides along the grass guide 1 between the rotary cutter device and the fixed cutter device 3, and passes through the rotary cutter device and the fixed cutter device.
  • the two cutting operations complete the chopping; the finished chopped straw is thrown onto the ground line through the straw throwing guide device 5.
  • the shredder mounting bracket 4 is provided with a grass-proof backing prevention plate 4a at a position rearward of the rotary cutter shaft 2.
  • the straw throwing guide device 5 includes a throwing guide top cover 6, the front end of the throwing guide top cover 6 is connected with the anti-back grass board 4a, and the rear end of the throwing guide top cover 6 is connected with a protective board 5 for protecting the cutter. c.
  • One side of the throwing guide top cover 6 is connected with an open row of blade welding 5a, which can guide the chopped straw to the side without the crop.
  • a plurality of blade joints 5b arranged side by side at a distance from each other are connected below the throwing guide cap 6, and each blade joint 5b is connected to the throwing guide cap 6 by two bolts at the front and the rear; 6
  • the upper rear end bolt fixing hole adopts a curved long hole structure.
  • a rotary cylinder welding 2b is attached to the outside of the rotary cutter shaft 2, and a plurality of rotary cutter mounting seats 2d are mounted on the outer side of the rotary cylinder welding 2b, and the rotary cutter 2a is passed through a high-strength bolt, The lock nut 2c is fastened to the rotary cutter mount 2d.
  • a plurality of rotary cutters 2a are arranged in a multi-head spiral arrangement on the rotary cylinder welding 2b, and the distribution angle of the adjacent two rotary cutters 2a on each spiral is 360/n degrees (n is the rotary cutter in the rotary cutter shaft) The total number).
  • the fixed cutter device 3 includes an arc-shaped fixed cutter mounting plate 3b, and two sets of fixed cutters are arranged side by side in the fixed cutter mounting plate 3b, and each set includes a plurality of fixed cutters 3a, a plurality of The fixed cutters 3a are evenly spaced at a certain distance.
  • the mounting plate 3b is fixed to the shredder mounting bracket 4 by fastening bolts on both sides.
  • the rotary cutter 2a is disposed to intersect with the fixed cutter 3a, and the rotary cutter 2a is interlaced twice with the fixed cutter 3a on each circular motion path, thereby achieving two cuts of the straw.
  • the fixed cutter 3a is U-shaped and has a triangular tooth 3e at both ends.
  • the symmetrical center line L1 of a set of fixed cutters 3a close to the grass guide 1 is located below the center of the fixed cutter to the center line L2 of the rotary cutter.
  • the symmetrical center line L3 of the set of fixed cutters 3a away from the grass guide 1 is located at the lower rear of the center of the fixed cutter to the center line L4 of the rotary cutter; the rotary cutter 2a and the adjacent fixed cutter 3a
  • the spacing is between 5-15 ⁇ .
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, in the above-described Embodiment 1, the shield plate 5c which is thrown to the rear end of the top cover 6 can be removed.
  • the fixed cutter device is transformed into the structural form shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.
  • all of the rotary movable cutters 2a are arranged at substantially equal angles in the axial section direction, and the angle is equal to the total number of all the rotary movable cutters 2a divided by 360 degrees of the circumferential angle (360/n).
  • the fixed cutter device 3 includes an arc-shaped fixed cutter mounting plate 3b, and one side of the fixed cutter mounting plate 3b is connected with the holder welding 3c, and the holder welding 3c includes rotation.
  • the fixing portion includes fixing plates 9 respectively connected to both ends of the fixed blade mounting plate 3b, and the fixing plate 9 is fixed to the chopper device mounting frame 4 by bolts.
  • the rotating portion includes a rotating shaft 7 on which a plurality of fixed cutters 3a are disposed at a distance, and the fixed cutter mounting plate 3b is provided with a slit at a position corresponding to each of the fixed cutters 3a. 11 , each fixed cutter 3a is respectively pierced from the corresponding slot 1 1;
  • two fixing plates 9 are respectively mounted with rotating bolts 10, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 7 are connected to the corresponding rotating bolts 10 through the supports 8, respectively.
  • the fixed cutter 3a can be rotated up and down around the rotating bolt 10 by the rotating shaft 7, and the whole device is in the shredding operation state when rotated to the upper end of the slot 11, and the whole device is in the rotation to the lower end of the slot 11.
  • Non-shredded operation status As shown in FIG. 6, the symmetrical center line L5 of the fixed cutter itself is located at the lower side of the center of the fixed cutter to the center line L6 of the rotary cutter as viewed in the moving direction of the rotary cutter; The distance between the cutters is between 5-15 mm.
  • the rotary cutter is arranged in four spirals, and a total of 24 rotary cutters are arranged.
  • the fixed cutter 3a has a rectangular structure, and the cutting edge portion of the fixed cutter 3a needs to be quenched to ensure sufficient wear resistance of the fixed cutter 3a.
  • the transmission of the device can be input by the transmission box at the end of the drum through the belt drive or the chain drive, or can be input by the belt drive or the chain drive on the side of the threshing device;
  • the two rows of cutting cutters can adjust the position according to requirements.
  • the fixed cutter device may also be an integral part formed by a stamping member. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the present invention fall within the scope of the claimed invention.
  • the rotary cutter and the fixed cutter cross each other, the rotary cutter is interlaced twice with the fixed cutter on each circular motion track, and the two cuts of the straw are realized. Therefore, the device performs two on the straw.
  • the chopping action of the secondary cutter effectively reduces the phenomenon that the straw is cut continuously and directly discharged from the gap of the cutter.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置，包括切碎装置安装架（4），所述切碎装置安装架（4）上安装有动切刀装置和定切刀装置（3），动切刀装置包括旋转切刀轴（2）以及安装于旋转切刀轴（2）上的若干把旋转切刀（2a），所述若干把旋转切刀（2a）在旋转切刀轴（2）上沿轴向呈至少一排螺旋排列。

Description

全^联合收割机秸秆切碎装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种全喂入联合收割机的秸秆切碎装置， 属于农用收获机械稻 (麦 )联合收割机技术领域。
背景技术
农作物收割后秸秆的切碎长度对后期作物的种植、 翻地等农业作业有很大 的影响。 目前多数收割机采用的秸秆切碎装置采用旋转切刀切碎方式， 旋转切 刀在切刀轴表面呈直线排列； 在切割时， 多把切刀同时受力， 造成切刀轴在径 向受到较大沖击， 容易造成轴承损坏、 功率消耗增大、 易堵塞等问题。 同时， 目前的切碎装置由旋转切刀和定切刀组成， 其定切刀组成上装有单排定切刀。 采用上述单排定切刀的方案， 存在的问题是秸秆仅经受一次切刀的切碎作用， 秸秆切不断和从切刀间隙中直接排出现象明显， 对后续农业作业造成妨碍。 发明内容
本发明要解决的问题在于提供全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 该装置能 有效避免在某一径向方向上， 多把切刀同时切割以至于反作用力沖击轴承， 造 成轴承使用寿命缩短、 功率消耗增大、 易堵塞的问题。
为了解决上述问题， 本发明采用以下技术方案：
全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 包括切碎装置安装架， 所述切碎装置安装 架上安装有动切刀装置， 动切刀装置包括旋转切刀轴以及安装于旋转切刀轴上 的若干把旋转切刀，所述若干把旋转切刀在旋转切刀轴上沿轴向呈至少一排螺 旋排列。
以下是本发明的进一步改进：
每排旋转切刀中， 相邻两把旋转切刀之间距离相等。
进一步改进：
在轴截面上， 相邻两把旋转切刀的中心线之间的夹角等于 360度除以所有 旋转切刀的把数。 进一步改进：
所述旋转切刀轴的外部安装有旋转筒焊合， 旋转筒焊合的外侧安装有旋转 切刀安装座， 所述旋转切刀位于旋转切刀安装座上。
进一步改进：
切碎装置安装架上位于旋转切刀轴下方且靠近导草板的位置安装有定切刀 装置。
进一步改进：
切碎装置安装架的前端安装有导草板； 切碎装置安装架的后端连接有秸秆 抛洒导向装置。
进一步改进：
切碎装置安装架上靠近旋转切刀轴后方的位置设有防止回草的防回草板。 进一步改进：
秸秆抛洒导向装置包括抛洒导向顶盖， 所述抛洒导向顶盖的前端与防回草 板连接， 抛洒导向顶盖的一侧连接有敞口式排草板焊合， 可以将切碎的秸秆导 向无作物的一侧。
进一步改进：
在抛洒导向顶盖的下方连接有若干件间隔一定距离并排设置的导草板焊 合， 各个导草板焊合通过前后两处螺栓连接在抛洒导向顶盖上； 抛洒导向顶盖 上后端螺栓固定孔采用弧形长孔结构， 松开各个导草板焊合的紧固螺栓时， 各 个导草板焊合在调节板的带动下可绕各自前端的螺栓实现旋转。
进一步改进：
所述抛洒导向顶盖的后端连接有防护切刀甩出的防护板。
进一步改进：
定切刀装置包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板， 定切刀安装板内并排安装有两 组定切刀， 每组包括若干个定切刀， 若干个定切刀间隔一定距离均勾设置。
进一步改进：
旋转切刀与定切刀交叉设置， 旋转切刀在每个圓周运动轨迹上， 两次与定 切刀实现交错， 从而实现对秸秆的两次切割。
进一步改进：
所述定切刀为 u型， 其两端分别具有一个三角形的刀齿； 所述定切刀采用 沖压成型结构。
进一步改进：
定切刀装置包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板， 定切刀安装板的一侧连接有刀 架焊合， 刀架焊合包括旋转部分与固定部分， 固定部分包括分别连接在定切刀 安装板两端的固定板， 该固定板通过螺栓固定在切碎装置安装架上。
进一步改进：
旋转部分包括转动轴， 转动轴上安装有若干个间隔一定距离设置的定切刀， 所述定切刀安装板上与每个定切刀相对应的位置分别设有切槽， 每个定切刀分 别从相应切槽中穿出。
进一步改进：
两块固定板上分别安装有转动螺栓， 转动轴的两端分别与相应的转动螺栓 连接；
定切刀在转动轴的带动下可绕转动螺栓实现上、 下旋转， 旋转到切槽的上 端时整个装置处于切碎操作状态， 旋转到切槽的下端时整个装置处于非切碎操 作状态。
进一步改进：
所述定切刀为矩形结构。
进一步改进：
沿旋转切刀的运动方向看， 每排定切刀自身的对称中心线位于定切刀中心 至旋转切刀中心连线的后下方； 所述旋转切刀与相邻定切刀的间距在 5 - 15匪之 间。
本发明采用上述技术方案， 能有效避免在某一径向方向上， 多把切刀同时 切割以至于反作用力沖击轴承， 造成轴承使用寿命缩短、 功率消耗增大、 易堵 塞的问题。 另外， 该装置对秸秆进行两次切刀的切碎作用， 从而有效降低秸秆 切不断和从切刀间隙中直接排出的现象。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例 1的结构示意图。
图 2是附图 1中去掉切碎装置安装架与秸秆抛洒导向的顶盖的俯视图。 图 3是本发明实施例 1中旋转切刀装置的立体结构示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例 1中定切刀装置的立体结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例 1中定切刀的立体结构示意图；
图 6是本发明实施例 2的结构示意图；
图 7是附图 5中去掉切碎装置安装架与秸秆抛洒导向顶盖的俯视图； 图 8是本发明实施例 2中定切刀装置的结构示意图；
图 9是附图 7的侧面图；
图 1 0是本发明实施例 2中去掉安装板的定切刀装置的结构示意图； 图 1 1是本发明实施例 2中旋转切刀轴中旋转切刀的排布展开示意图； 图 12是本发明实施例 2中定切刀的结构示意图。
图中： 1 -导草板； 2_旋转切刀轴； 2a-旋转切刀； 2b_旋转筒焊合； 2c -高强 度螺栓、 锁紧螺母； 2d-旋转切安装座； 3-定切刀装置； 3a-定切刀； 3b-定切刀 安装板； 3c-刀架焊合； 3e-刀齿； 4-切碎装置安装架； 4a-防回草板； 5-秸秆抛 洒导向装置； 5a-排草板焊合； 5b-导草板焊合； 5 c-防护板； 5d-调节板； 6-抛 洒导向顶盖； 7-转动轴； 8-支座； 9-固定板； 1 0-转动螺栓； 1 1 -切槽。
具体实施方式
实施例 1 , 如图 1、 图 2所示， 一种全喂入联合收割机的秸秆切碎装置， 包 括切碎装置安装架 4 , 所述切碎装置安装架 4上安装有动切刀装置， 动切刀装置 包括旋转切刀轴 2以及安装于旋转切刀轴 2上的若干把旋转切刀 2a , 所述若干 把旋转切刀 2a在旋转切刀轴 2上沿轴向呈至少一排螺旋排列，每排旋转切刀 2a 中， 相邻两把旋转切刀 2a之间的距离相等， 在轴截面上， 相邻两把旋转切刀 2a 的中心线之间的夹角等于 360度除以所有旋转切刀 2a的把数。 切碎装置安装架 4的前端安装有导草板 1 ,切碎装置安装架 4上位于旋转切 刀轴 2下方且靠近导草板 1的位置安装有定切刀装置 3 ,切碎装置安装架 4的后 端连接有秸秆抛洒导向装置 5。
安装时， 将导草板 1安装在脱粒室排草口的后方， 秸秆沿导草板 1滑落到 旋转切刀装置和定切刀装置 3之间， 经过旋转切刀装置和定切刀装置 3的两次 切割作用完成切碎； 完成切碎的秸秆经过秸秆抛洒导向装置 5 均勾抛洒到地面 线上。
切碎装置安装架 4上靠近旋转切刀轴 2后方的位置设有防止回草的防回草 板 4a。
秸秆抛洒导向装置 5包括抛洒导向顶盖 6 ,所述抛洒导向顶盖 6的前端与防 回草板 4a连接， 所述抛洒导向顶盖 6的后端连接有防护切刀甩出的防护板 5 c。 抛洒导向顶盖 6的一侧连接有敞口式排草板焊合 5a , 可以将切碎的秸秆导向无 作物的一侧。
在抛洒导向顶盖 6 的下方连接有若干件间隔一定距离并排设置的导草板焊 合 5b , 各个导草板焊合 5b通过前后两处螺栓连接在抛洒导向顶盖 6上； 抛洒导 向顶盖 6上后端螺栓固定孔采用弧形长孔结构。 松开各个导草板焊合 5b的紧固 螺栓时， 各个导草板焊合 5b在调节板 5d的带动下可绕各自前端的螺栓实现旋 转， 从而实现调节秸秆的抛洒角度。
如图 3所示，旋转切刀轴 2的外部安装有旋转筒焊合 2b , 旋转筒焊合 2b的 外侧安装有若干个旋转切刀安装座 2d , 所述旋转切刀 2a通过高强度螺栓、锁紧 螺母 2c紧固在旋转切刀安装座 2d上。
若干个旋转切刀 2a在旋转筒焊合 2b上成多头螺旋排布， 每条螺旋上相邻 两旋转切刀 2a的分布角度为 360/n度（ n为旋转切刀轴中旋转切刀的总数量）。
如图 4所示， 定切刀装置 3包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板 3b , 定切刀安装 板 3b内并排安装有两组定切刀， 每组包括若干个定切刀 3a , 若干个定切刀 3a 间隔一定距离均匀设置。
所述安装板 3b通过两侧的紧固螺栓固定在切碎装置安装架 4上。 旋转切刀 2a与定切刀 3a交叉设置， 旋转切刀 2a在每个圓周运动轨迹上， 两次与定切刀 3a实现交错， 从而实现对秸秆的两次切割。
如图 5所示，所述定切刀 3a为 U型，其两端分别具有一个三角形的刀齿 3e。 如图 1所示， 沿旋转切刀 2a的运动方向看， 靠近导草板 1的一组定切刀 3a 自身的对称中心线 L1位于定切刀中心至旋转切刀中心连线 L2的后下方； 远离 导草板 1的一组定切刀 3a 自身的对称中心线 L3位于定切刀中心至旋转切刀中 心连线 L4的后下方； 所述旋转切刀 2a与相邻定切刀 3a的间距在 5-15匪之间。
实施例 2 , 如图 6、 图 7所示， 上述实施例 1中， 还可以将抛洒导向顶盖 6 的后端的防护板 5c去掉。 将定切刀装置改造成如图 8、 图 9所示的结构形式。 如图 6 中所示，所有旋转动切刀 2a在轴截面方向上大体上呈等角度排列， 角度 等于所有旋转动切刀 2a的总数量 n除 360度圓周角后得到的度数 ( 360/n ); 本 申请中所说的等角度或等距离排列等均勾排列不仅仅是绝对数字的相等， 还包 括间隔和距离不超过一倍以上的差距， 都属于本申请所说的 "均勾排列"、 "等 角度" "等距离" 排列， 例如， 两把旋转切刀 2a之间的排列误差在 20毫米〜 50 毫米之间， 都属于等距离排列。
如图 8、 图 9所示， 定切刀装置 3包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板 3b , 定切 刀安装板 3b的一侧连接有刀架焊合 3c ,刀架焊合 3c包括旋转部分与固定部分， 固定部分包括分别连接在定切刀安装板 3b两端的固定板 9 , 该固定板 9通过螺 栓固定在切碎装置安装架 4上。
旋转部分包括转动轴 7 ,转动轴 7上安装有若干个间隔一定距离设置的定切 刀 3a ,所述定切刀安装板 3b上与每个定切刀 3a相对应的位置分别设有切槽 11 , 每个定切刀 3a分别从相应切槽 1 1中穿出；
如图 10所示， 两块固定板 9上分别安装有转动螺栓 10 , 转动轴 7的两端分 别通过支座 8与相应的转动螺栓 10连接。
定切刀 3a在转动轴 7的带动下可绕转动螺栓 1 0实现上、 下旋转， 旋转到 切槽 11 的上端时整个装置处于切碎操作状态， 旋转到切槽 11的下端时整个装 置处于非切碎操作状态。 如图 6所示， 沿旋转切刀的运动方向看， 定切刀自身的对称中心线 L5位于 定切刀中心至旋转切刀中心连线 L6的后下方； 所述旋转切刀与相邻定切刀的间 距在 5-15mm之间。
如图 1 1所示， 为旋转切刀螺旋排布的一个实施例， 该实施例中旋转切刀按 4头螺旋排布， 共 24把旋转切刀。
如图 12所示， 所述定切刀 3a为矩形结构， 定切刀 3a的刀刃部分需要进行 淬火， 以保证定切刀 3a有足够的耐磨性。
在本发明的实际实施过程中， 所述装置的传动， 既可由滚筒末端的传动箱 通过带传动或链传动实现输入， 也可由脱粒装置侧面的相关传动通过带传动或 链传动实现输入； 所述实施例一中两排定切刀可根据需求调整位置。
在本发明描述的设计方案中， 所述定切刀装置也可以是沖压件形成的整体 部件。 任何本领域人员根据本发明所作出的改进和变型， 都属于本发明要求专 利保护的范围。
工业实用性
1、 由于旋转切刀轴上的若干把旋转切刀在旋转切刀轴上沿轴向呈至少一排 螺旋排列， 能有效避免在某一径向方向上， 多把切刀同时切割以至于反作用力 沖击轴承， 造成轴承使用寿命缩短、 功率消耗增大、 易堵塞的问题。
2、 由于旋转切刀与定切刀交叉设置， 旋转切刀在每个圓周运动轨迹上， 两 次与定切刀实现交错， 实现了对秸秆的两次切割， 因此， 该装置对秸秆进行两 次切刀的切碎作用， 从而有效降低秸秆切不断和从切刀间隙中直接排出的现象。
3、 由于各个导草板焊合在调节板的带动下可绕各自前端的螺栓实现旋转， 从而实现调节秸秆的抛洒角度。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 包括切碎装置安装架（ 4 ); 所述切碎装置 安装架（4)上安装有动切刀装置， 其特征在于：
动切刀装置包括旋转切刀轴（2) 以及安装于旋转切刀轴（2)上的若干把旋 转切刀 （2a) ，所述若干把旋转切刀 （2a)在旋转切刀轴 （2)上沿轴向呈至少 一排螺旋排列。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 每排 旋转切刀 （2a) 中， 相邻两把旋转切刀 a)之间距离相等。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 在轴截面上， 相邻两把旋转切刀 （2a) 的中心线之间的夹角等于 360度除以所 有旋转切刀 （ 2a ) 的把数。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 所述 旋转切刀轴 （2) 的外部安装有旋转筒焊合（2b), 旋转筒焊合（2b) 的外侧安 装有旋转切刀安装座（ 2d ), 所述旋转切刀（ 2a )位于旋转切刀安装座（ 2d )上。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 切碎 装置安装架（ 4 )上位于旋转切刀轴（ 2 )下方且靠近导草板（ 1 ) 的位置安装有 定切刀装置（3)。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 切碎 装置安装架（ 4 ) 的前端安装有导草板（ 1 ); 切碎装置安装架（ 4 ) 的后端连接 有秸秆抛洒导向装置（5)。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 切碎 装置安装架（4)上靠近旋转切刀轴 （2)后方的位置设有防止回草的防回草板
(4a)。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 秸秆 抛洒导向装置 （5) 包括抛洒导向顶盖 （6), 所述抛洒导向顶盖 （6) 的前端与 防回草板（ ¼ )连接，抛洒导向顶盖（ 6 )的一侧连接有敞口式排草板焊合（ 5a ), 可以将切碎的秸秆导向无作物的一侧。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 在抛 洒导向顶盖（ 6 )的下方连接有若干件间隔一定距离并排设置的导草板焊合（ 5b ), 各个导草板焊合（5b)通过前后两处螺栓连接在抛洒导向顶盖（6)上； 抛洒导 向顶盖（6)上后端螺栓固定孔采用弧形长孔结构， 松开各个导草板焊合（5b) 的紧固螺栓时， 各个导草板焊合（5b)在调节板（5d) 的带动下可绕各自前端 的螺栓实现旋转。
10、 根据权利要求 9 所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 所 述抛洒导向顶盖 （6) 的后端连接有防护切刀甩出的防护板（5c)。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 定 切刀装置 （3) 包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板（3b), 定切刀安装板（3b) 内并 排安装有两组定切刀， 每组包括若干个定切刀 （3a), 若干个定切刀 （3a) 间隔 一定距离均匀设置。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 旋 转切刀 （ ) 与定切刀 （3a) 交叉设置， 旋转切刀 a)在每个圓周运动轨迹 上， 两次与定切刀 （3a) 实现交错， 从而实现对秸秆的两次切割。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 所 述定切刀 （3a) 为 U型， 其两端分别具有一个三角形的刀齿（ 3e); 所述定切刀
( 3a)采用沖压成型结构。
14、 根据权利要求 9 所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 定 切刀装置 （ 3 ) 包括一块弧形的定切刀安装板（ 3b ), 定切刀安装板（ 3b ) 的一 侧连接有刀架焊合（3c), 刀架焊合（3c) 包括旋转部分与固定部分， 固定部分 包括分别连接在定切刀安装板 ( 3b) 两端的固定板 (9), 该固定板（9)通过螺 栓固定在切碎装置安装架（4)上。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 旋 转部分包括转动轴（7), 转动轴（7)上安装有若干个间隔一定距离设置的定切 刀 （ 3a ), 所述定切刀安装板（ 3b )上与每个定切刀 （ 3a )相对应的位置分别设 有切槽（11 ), 每个定切刀 （3a)分别从相应切槽（11 ) 中穿出。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 两块固定板（9)上分别安装有转动螺栓（10), 转动轴（7) 的两端分别与 相应的转动螺栓（10)连接；
定切刀 （ 3a )在转动轴（ 7 )的带动下可绕转动螺栓（ 10 )实现上、 下旋转， 旋转到切槽（11 ) 的上端时整个装置处于切碎操作状态， 旋转到切槽（11 ) 的 下端时整个装置处于非切碎操作状态。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特征在于： 所 述定切刀 （ 3a) 为矩形结构。
18、 根据权利要求 5-16其中之一所述的全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置， 其特 征在于： 沿旋转切刀 （2a) 的运动方向看， 每排定切刀 （3a) 自身的对称中心 线位于定切刀 （3a) 中心至旋转切刀 （2a) 中心连线的后下方； 所述旋转切刀
( 2a ) 与相邻定切刀 （ ) 的间距在 5_l5mm之间。
PCT/CN2013/075306 2012-07-27 2013-05-08 全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置 WO2014015701A1 (zh)

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CN201640006U (zh) * 2010-03-05 2010-11-24 赵县金利机械有限公司 秸秆粉碎机
CN202722072U (zh) * 2012-07-27 2013-02-13 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 一种全喂入联合收割机秸秆切碎装置

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