WO2022141773A1 - 光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法 - Google Patents

光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022141773A1
WO2022141773A1 PCT/CN2021/076825 CN2021076825W WO2022141773A1 WO 2022141773 A1 WO2022141773 A1 WO 2022141773A1 CN 2021076825 W CN2021076825 W CN 2021076825W WO 2022141773 A1 WO2022141773 A1 WO 2022141773A1
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Prior art keywords
light
light source
source device
illumination
diaphragm
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PCT/CN2021/076825
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯子寅
季敏标
Original Assignee
上海浚真生命科学有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011583924.0A external-priority patent/CN113671717B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011582795.3A external-priority patent/CN114689550A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011582981.7A external-priority patent/CN114690370B/zh
Application filed by 上海浚真生命科学有限公司 filed Critical 上海浚真生命科学有限公司
Priority to US18/269,933 priority Critical patent/US20240012228A1/en
Publication of WO2022141773A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022141773A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00Microscopes
    • G02B21/06Means for illuminating specimens
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/44Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00Microscopes
    • G02B21/02Objectives
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00Microscopes
    • G02B21/16Microscopes adapted for ultraviolet illumination ; Fluorescence microscopes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/141Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using dichroic mirrors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of optical detection, and in particular, to a light source device, a microscope device, an optical detection device, and an optical detection method.
  • optical detection In the fields of chemistry, biology, etc., optical detection is more and more widely used.
  • illumination light can be used to illuminate the sample to observe the sample, such as counting and morphology observation of biological particles (such as cells) in the sample; excitation light with a certain wavelength can also be used to excite the sample in the sample.
  • Various signals (such as fluorescence signals, etc.) of the sample can be obtained to obtain the relevant properties of the sample.
  • the light source components used for illumination and excitation are usually provided separately, resulting in a larger volume of the optical detection equipment, and complex switching between different light source components is often required. , which brings a lot of inconvenience to the detection.
  • illumination can be used to obtain relevant information about biological particles in a sample (eg, cells, cell debris, yeast, algae, etc.) and their properties (eg, distinguishing cells as live or dead, etc.).
  • biological particles eg, cells, cell debris, yeast, algae, etc.
  • properties eg, distinguishing cells as live or dead, etc.
  • the sample to be tested when the sample to be tested is irradiated with excitation light with a certain wavelength to excite, for example, a fluorescent signal, etc., the relevant properties of the sample to be tested can be obtained, thereby the sample to be tested (such as cells, cell debris, yeast, algae and other biological particles) identification and analysis.
  • the sample to be tested such as cells, cell debris, yeast, algae and other biological particles
  • multiple signals in different wavelength bands may be excited in the same sample to be tested, and different signals may reflect the properties of different aspects of the sample to be tested.
  • Such detection process is often very complicated, and it is difficult to obtain more comprehensive information about the sample to be tested in a single detection, resulting in an unsatisfactory detection effect.
  • One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide a light source device, a microscope device, an optical detection device and an optical detection method.
  • a light source device comprising:
  • an illumination light source configured to generate illumination light
  • a diaphragm, the diaphragm is arranged on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source, and the diaphragm includes:
  • a shading screen configured to block part of the illumination light
  • the first light-transmitting part is opened on the light-shielding screen, and the first light-transmitting part covers the center of the diaphragm, and the first light-transmitting part is configured to partially illuminate light transmission to form brightfield illumination;
  • a second light-transmitting portion is opened on the light-shielding screen, and the second light-transmitting portion is located at the periphery of the first light-transmitting portion, and the second light-transmitting portion is configured as Part of the illumination light is passed through to form darkfield illumination.
  • the distance R1 between the outer edge of the first light-transmitting portion and the center of the aperture, the distance l between the aperture and the sample position, and the The numerical aperture n of the objective lens used in conjunction with the light source device satisfies the following relationship:
  • the distance R2 between the inner edge of the second light-transmitting portion and the center of the diaphragm, the distance l between the diaphragm and the sample position, and the The numerical aperture n of the objective lens used in conjunction with the light source device satisfies the following relationship:
  • the light shield includes an annular light shield surrounding the center of the diaphragm.
  • the first light-transmitting portion includes a circular light-transmitting hole extending outward from the center of the diaphragm.
  • the second light-transmitting portion includes one or more light-transmitting slits arranged around the center of the diaphragm.
  • the clear slit comprises an arcuate clear slit.
  • the plurality of clear slits are annularly arranged around the center of the diaphragm.
  • the second light-transmitting portion includes one or more light-transmitting holes arranged around the center of the diaphragm.
  • the clear holes comprise circular clear holes.
  • the plurality of clear apertures are uniformly distributed around the center of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm includes an adjustable diaphragm, and a light transmission range of at least one of the first light transmission portion and the second light transmission portion of the adjustable diaphragm can be changed.
  • the light source device further includes:
  • the first lens is provided on the exit light path of the illumination light source, and the first lens is configured to condense the illumination light at the sample position.
  • the first lens is positioned between the diaphragm and the sample position.
  • the light source device further includes:
  • a light attenuating member is provided on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source, and the light attenuating member is configured to reduce the brightness of the illumination light.
  • the light attenuator includes at least one of the following:
  • the light attenuating element is located in at least one of the following locations:
  • the illumination light source includes at least one of a thermal radiation light source and a light emitting diode.
  • a light source device comprising:
  • a first light source assembly configured to generate first outgoing light propagating in a first direction
  • a second light source assembly configured to generate second outgoing light propagating in a second direction, wherein the second direction and the first direction intersect each other;
  • the first dichroic mirror is provided at a position where the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first dichroic mirror is configured so that the first dichroic mirror at least a portion of the outgoing light is transmitted to continue propagating in the first direction, and at least a portion of the second outgoing light is reflected to propagate in the first direction, wherein the transmitted portion of the first outgoing light In the first wavelength band, the reflected part of the second outgoing light is in the second wavelength band, and the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band are separated from each other.
  • the first outgoing light is illumination light
  • the first light source component is an illumination light source component
  • the second outgoing light is excitation light
  • the second light source component is an excitation light source component
  • the first outgoing light is excitation light
  • the first light source component is an excitation light source component
  • the second outgoing light is illumination light
  • the second light source component is an illumination light source component
  • the minimum wavelength of the first wavelength band is greater than the maximum wavelength of the second wavelength band
  • the maximum wavelength of the first wavelength band is smaller than the minimum wavelength of the second wavelength band.
  • the illumination light source assembly includes:
  • a diaphragm the diaphragm is provided between the illumination light source and the first dichroic mirror, the diaphragm is configured to block at least a part of the light generated by the illumination light source.
  • the illumination light source assembly further includes:
  • a second lens is provided between the illumination light source and the diaphragm, the second lens is configured to collimate light generated by the illumination light source.
  • the illumination light source includes at least one of a thermal radiation light source and a light emitting diode.
  • the diaphragm includes a light-shielding screen and a plurality of light-passing holes formed on the light-shielding screen, wherein one light-passing hole of the plurality of light-passing holes is opened at a side of the light-shielding screen. At the central position, other light passing holes in the plurality of light passing holes are evenly distributed around the light passing hole at the central position.
  • the diaphragm includes a light-shielding screen and light-transmitting slits formed on the light-shielding screen, wherein the light-transmitting slits are annularly distributed around a central position of the light-shielding screen.
  • the diaphragm further includes a light-transmitting hole opened in the center of the light shielding screen.
  • the aperture includes an adjustable aperture configured to enable the portion of the light generated by the illumination light source that passes through the aperture to be varied.
  • the excitation light source assembly includes:
  • the first filter element is provided between the excitation light source and the first dichroic mirror, and the first filter element is configured to filter light generated by the excitation light source filter.
  • the excitation light source assembly further includes:
  • a third lens disposed between the excitation light source and the first filter, the third lens being configured to collimate light generated by the excitation light source.
  • the excitation light source includes at least one of a light emitting diode and a laser.
  • the first filter includes a bandpass filter.
  • the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the incident angles of the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light with respect to the first dichroic mirror are both 45 degrees.
  • the light source device further includes:
  • a fourth lens disposed between the first dichroic mirror and the sample position, the fourth lens being configured to focus the first exit light to the sample position, and/or The second outgoing light is focused to the sample location.
  • a microscope apparatus which comprises the light source device as described above.
  • the microscope apparatus further includes an objective lens positioned opposite the light source device with respect to the sample position.
  • an optical detection device which includes the light source device as described above.
  • an optical detection device comprising:
  • the light source device is configured to generate excitation light, at least a part of the excitation light can excite a first optical signal in a third wavelength band and a second optical signal in a fourth wavelength band, wherein the third The wavelength band and the fourth wavelength band are separated from each other, and the maximum wavelength of the third wavelength band is smaller than the minimum wavelength of the fourth wavelength band;
  • a second optical filter is arranged on the optical path where the first optical signal and the second optical signal are located, and the second optical filter is configured to be located in the third optical path passing light in the wavelength band and the fourth wavelength band, and filtering out light in other wavelength bands;
  • a detection device is provided on the outgoing optical path of the second optical filter, and the detection device is configured to generate a detection signal in response to the first optical signal and the second optical signal.
  • the light source device includes:
  • an excitation light source configured to generate the excitation light
  • the first filter element is arranged between the excitation light source and the sample position, the first filter element is configured to pass the light in the fifth wavelength band in the excitation light, and filter out the light of other wavelength bands in the excitation light;
  • the maximum wavelength of the fifth waveband is less than or equal to the minimum wavelength of the third waveband.
  • the third wavelength band is included in the range of 500-550 nm
  • the fourth wavelength band is included in the range of 600-650 nm
  • the fifth wavelength band is included in the range of 450-500 nm middle.
  • the light source device further includes:
  • an illumination light source configured to generate illumination light capable of illuminating a sample to be tested at the sample location
  • a diaphragm the diaphragm is arranged between the illumination light source and the sample position, and the diaphragm can block a part of the illumination light to form phase contrast illumination.
  • the illumination light and the excitation light are angled to each other;
  • the light source device further includes:
  • the first dichroic mirror is arranged at a position where the illumination light and the excitation light intersect;
  • the first dichroic mirror is configured to transmit at least a part of the illumination light and reflect at least a part of the excitation light to the direction of the illumination light; or the first dichroic mirror
  • the chromatic mirror is configured to transmit at least a portion of the excitation light and to reflect at least a portion of the illumination light in the direction of the excitation light.
  • the light source device includes at least one of a thermal radiation light source, a light emitting diode, and a laser.
  • the optical detection device further comprises:
  • a steering device is provided between the light source device and the detection device, and the steering device is configured to change the propagation direction of light.
  • the steering device includes:
  • a mirror disposed between the light source arrangement and the sample position and configured to reflect the excitation light onto the sample position.
  • the steering device includes:
  • a second dichroic mirror configured to reflect the excitation light onto the sample location and transmit the first and second optical signals to the on the detection device.
  • the second filter is provided between the second dichroic mirror and the detection device.
  • the second dichroic mirror is arranged in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped block.
  • the second filter is attached to the first surface of the second dichroic mirror, and the first filter of the light source device is attached to the second dichroic on a second surface of the mirror that is perpendicular to the first surface.
  • the reflective surface of the second dichroic mirror forms an angle of 45 degrees with both the first surface and the second surface.
  • the detection device includes an imaging device configured to image based on the first optical signal and the second optical signal.
  • the imaging device includes at least one of a charge coupled device and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device.
  • the optical detection device further comprises:
  • a memory communicatively connected to the detection device, the memory configured to store the detection signal
  • a processor communicatively coupled to the detection device, the processor configured to process the detection signal.
  • an optical detection method is proposed, and the optical detection method includes:
  • the sample to be tested is excited by light in the fifth wavelength band, wherein the light in the fifth wavelength band can excite the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band, and the third wavelength band is related to the fourth wavebands are separated from each other, and the maximum wavelength of the third waveband is less than the minimum wavelength of the fourth waveband, and the maximum wavelength of the fifth waveband is less than or equal to the minimum wavelength of the third waveband; and
  • the first optical signal and the second optical signal from the sample to be tested are detected.
  • the optical detection method before using the light in the fifth wavelength band to excite the sample to be tested, the optical detection method further includes:
  • the sample to be tested is dyed with a predetermined dye.
  • Fig. 1(a) shows an imaging photograph of brightfield illumination when unstained in a specific example
  • Figure 1(b) shows an imaging photograph of brightfield illumination when stained with trypan blue in a specific example
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the illumination light and the sample in the case of brightfield illumination in a specific example
  • Fig. 3 (a) shows the imaging photograph of darkfield illumination when unstained in a specific example
  • Figure 3(b) shows an imaging photograph of dark field illumination when stained with trypan blue in a specific example
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the illumination light and the sample in the case of dark field illumination in a specific example
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a light source device, a sample and an objective lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the relevant parameters in the light source device, the sample and the objective lens in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm in a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm in another specific embodiment
  • Fig. 9 (a) shows the imaging photograph of compound illumination when unstained in a specific example
  • Figure 9(b) shows an imaging photograph of compound illumination when dyed with trypan blue in a specific example
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a light source device and a sample stage according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a light source device and a sample stage according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to another specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the light path through the diaphragm in Figure 12;
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of imaging of the first optical signal in the third wavelength band excited from the sample to be tested
  • Fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of imaging of the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band excited from the sample to be tested
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of transmittance versus wavelength of a second optical filter in a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic diagram of imaging of a first optical signal in a third wavelength band and a second optical signal in a fourth wavelength band excited from a sample to be tested in a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection device according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 21 shows a schematic flowchart of an optical detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 1(a) shows an imaging photograph of a specific example under brightfield illumination when unstained
  • Fig. 1(b) shows an imaging photograph of a specific example when dyed with trypan blue under brightfield illumination.
  • objects 911, 912, 913, etc. showing different morphologies can be seen, which may be living cells, dead cells and other impurities, etc.
  • the different objects in the sample often have focal planes that coincide with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to effectively distinguish the different objects in such imaging photographs.
  • the edges of transparent objects in the sample may not be very clear, and it is difficult to estimate the size of these transparent objects, and even some transparent objects cannot be observed effectively.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the illumination light and the sample in the case of brightfield illumination.
  • the illumination light is incident perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the sample.
  • the illuminating light is irradiated on the transparent object 921 , it can substantially penetrate the transparent object 921 ; when the illuminating light is irradiated on the non-transparent object 922 , it is blocked by the non-transparent object 922 . Therefore, under brightfield illumination, transparent objects may be difficult to show well in the imaging photo, while non-transparent objects are generally imaged much better than transparent objects, which also explains that in the imaging photo shown in Figure 1 observed phenomenon.
  • imaging can also be performed with darkfield illumination.
  • Figure 3(a) shows the imaging photo of dark field illumination when unstained in a specific example
  • Figure 3(b) shows the imaging photo of dark field illumination when dyed with trypan blue in a specific example
  • the object 931 is brighter.
  • darkfield illumination transparent objects can be better viewed, including counting and size estimation of transparent objects such as living cells.
  • dark-field illumination is not conducive to the observation of non-transparent objects or stained objects (such as dead cells with trypan blue-stained nuclei, etc.), so it is difficult to obtain complete information about various objects contained in the sample.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the illumination light and the sample in the case of dark field illumination.
  • the illumination light is incident on the sample at a large angle, and the illumination light can come from different directions.
  • the illumination light interacts with the transparent object 941 contained in the sample, the illumination light from different directions will intersect at different locations of the surface on the transparent object 941, thus enabling a better characterization of the edges of the transparent object 941, aiding in clarity
  • a transparent object 941 is displayed.
  • the illuminating light shines on the non-transparent object 942, it will be blocked by the non-transparent object 942, and because of the lack of background light in the dark field, it is difficult to observe the non-transparent object 942 in the sample.
  • a light source device which combines brightfield illumination and darkfield illumination to generate compound illumination, thereby achieving better lighting effects.
  • the light source device may include an illumination light source (not shown in the drawings) and a diaphragm 112 .
  • the illumination light source may be configured to generate illumination light, and the illumination light is generally in the visible light band.
  • the illumination light source may comprise at least one of a thermal radiation light source and a light emitting diode to generate visible light, eg, white light or near white light, to facilitate optical observation of the sample.
  • the diaphragm 112 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source, and can generate compound illumination at the sample position where the sample 200 is located by adjusting the transmitted part of the illumination light. It can be understood that the diaphragm 112 can be arranged at different positions on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source, so as to shield the illumination light. However, in order to conveniently determine the light transmission parameters of the diaphragm 112 itself and the disposition position of the diaphragm 112 along the optical axis, the diaphragm 112 may be disposed on the optical path where the illumination light in the collimated state passes.
  • the light source device may further include a collimating lens integrally provided with the illuminating light source or provided independently of the illuminating light source.
  • the collimating lens may include one or more lenses that cooperate with each other to realize the collimation of the illumination light.
  • the diaphragm 112 may be arranged on the outgoing light path of the collimating lens.
  • the diaphragm 112 may include a light shielding screen 112a, a first light transmitting part 112b and a second light transmitting part 112c.
  • the light shielding screen 112a may be made of a non-transparent material, which is configured to block part of the illumination light.
  • the first light-transmitting portion 112b is formed on the light-shielding screen 112a, covers the center of the diaphragm 112, and is configured to transmit part of the illumination light to form bright field illumination.
  • the second light-transmitting portion 112c is also formed on the light-shielding screen 112a and located at the periphery of the first light-transmitting portion 112b, and is configured to transmit part of the illumination light to form dark field illumination.
  • the ratio of brightfield illumination and darkfield illumination in compound illumination can be changed to achieve an ideal illumination effect.
  • the relative light transmission size of the first light-transmitting portion 112b increases, the transmitted illumination light incident on the sample at a smaller angle increases, the proportion of bright field illumination increases, and the observed field of view increases.
  • the brightness of the sample will be brighter, but the imaging effect of the transparent object may become worse; and as the relative light-passing size of the second light-transmitting portion 112c increases, the transmitted illumination light incident on the sample at a larger angle increases, and the darker
  • the imaging effect of transparent objects will be better, but the imaging effect of non-transparent objects or dyed objects may be worse, and the overall brightness of the field of view will be lower.
  • Figure 6 shows some related parameters in the light source device, the sample and the objective lens, and by adjusting the relationship between them, a relatively ideal lighting effect can be obtained.
  • the numerical aperture of can be derived by derivation: R2>l ⁇ tg[arcsin(n)].
  • the light shielding screen 112a can at least block the illumination light incident on the sample at a small angle, so as to help form dark field illumination and avoid the illumination light incident at a small angle from interfering with the final image.
  • the light shielding screen 112a may include a plurality of light shielding parts connected to each other.
  • the light shield 112a may include a ring-shaped light shield around the center of the diaphragm 112 to block a portion of the illumination light incident on the sample at a smaller angle, while allowing normal incidence and a small portion to be incident on the sample at a lower angle.
  • Light incident on the sample at a smaller angle passes through, so as to realize composite illumination combining dark-field illumination and bright-field illumination, for example, the inner first annular shading portion 1121a shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 7 In some cases, as shown in FIG.
  • the light shielding screen 112a may further include an outer second annular light shielding portion 1122a surrounding the first annular light shielding portion 1121a to further constrain the illumination beam.
  • the shape of the light shielding screen 112a may also be irregular, such as the diaphragm shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the first light-transmitting portion 112b can transmit light that is closer to the optical axis and has a smaller incident angle, so as to form bright field illumination in compound illumination.
  • the first light-transmitting part 112b may include a circular light-transmitting hole 1121b extending outward from the center of the diaphragm 112 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • the first light-transmitting portion 112b may also have other shapes and arrangements.
  • the second light-transmitting portion 112c can transmit light with a larger incident angle that is far from the optical axis, so as to form dark field illumination in compound illumination.
  • the second light-transmitting portion 112c may include one or more light-transmitting slits arranged around the center of the diaphragm 112 . These clear slits may include arcuate clear slits 1121c, as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the second light-transmitting portion 112c may include one or more light-transmitting holes arranged around the center of the diaphragm 112 . These light-passing holes may include circular light-passing holes 1122c, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • a plurality of clear apertures can be evenly distributed around the center of the diaphragm 112, so that large angles of incident light from all directions can pass through the diaphragm 112 to impinge on the sample, thereby helping to form darkfield illumination in compound illumination.
  • the second light-transmitting portion 112c may also have other shapes and arrangements.
  • the diaphragm 112 may further include an adjustable diaphragm, in which the light transmission range of at least one of the first light transmission part 112b and the second light transmission part 112c can be changed, Therefore, the ratio between the dark-field illumination and the bright-field illumination in the compound illumination can be changed, so that the imaging effect can be conveniently and flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • the light source device may further include a first lens 113 , the first lens 113 may be disposed on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source and configured to condense the illumination light at the sample position place.
  • the first lens 113 can be arranged between the diaphragm 112 and the sample position, that is, the first lens 113 is aligned by the diaphragm 112 The straight illuminating light is modulated, and then the illuminating light is condensed by the first lens 113 .
  • the light source device may further include a light attenuating member 114, and the light attenuating member 114 may be disposed on the outgoing light path of the illumination light source and configured to reduce the brightness of the illumination light, To improve the effect of composite lighting, avoid bright field too bright.
  • the light attenuating member 114 may be a ground glass plate or a polarizing plate, etc., and may be disposed at one or more positions between the illumination light source and the diaphragm 112 or between the diaphragm 112 and the first lens 113 .
  • the light attenuating member 114 may be located on the optical path along which the outgoing light in the collimated state passes.
  • a composite illumination combining dark field illumination and bright field illumination can be formed on the sample, which can be displayed more clearly on the premise of ensuring the imaging brightness Transparent objects are extracted, enabling good viewing of both transparent and non-transparent objects.
  • different objects such as cells and impurities
  • they can be imaged separately on different focal planes, so when different objects are involved, it is possible to achieve good observation results just by adjusting the focal length , without switching different light source devices for brightfield illumination and darkfield illumination, respectively.
  • Fig. 9(a) shows an imaging photograph of compound illumination when unstained in a specific example
  • Fig. 9(b) shows an imaging photograph of compound illumination when dyed with trypan blue in a specific example.
  • the height difference between the impurities in the sample and the cells is large, so the focal plane corresponding to the impurities is different from the focal plane corresponding to the cells, so the interference of the impurities can be well removed when observing the cells, and when the impurities need to be observed , just by adjusting the focal length.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a light source device, which can integrate multiple light source components, so as to achieve different detection function.
  • the light source device of the present disclosure and the equipment using the light source device can have a small volume, and the light path switching is simple, so that the detection can be more convenient and efficient.
  • the light source device 100 may include a first light source assembly configured to generate first outgoing light propagating in a first direction, The second light source component and the first dichroic mirror 130 for the second outgoing light propagating in two directions.
  • the second direction and the first direction intersect with each other, so that the first light source assembly and the second light source assembly can be respectively arranged at different positions to avoid mutual interference between them.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 can transmit or reflect light of different wavelengths, so that the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light can share a part of the optical path, so as to reduce the volume of the light source device and simplify the components of different light sources. switch.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 may be disposed at a position where the first direction and the second direction intersect, so that both the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light may be incident on the first dichroic mirror 130 .
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 may transmit at least a portion of the first outgoing light to continue to propagate in the first direction, and reflect at least a portion of the second outgoing light to propagate in the first direction. That is, after passing through the first dichroic mirror 130, the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light will travel along the same optical path.
  • the wavelength band of the first outgoing light generated by the first light source assembly is such that it can all be transmitted through the first dichroic mirror 130 .
  • the wavelength band of the first outgoing light may be wider, and only a part of it may pass through the first dichroic mirror 130.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 may also function as a A certain filtering effect is achieved, thereby reducing the requirement for the wavelength band of the first outgoing light generated by the first light source assembly, and helping to reduce the cost of the first light source assembly.
  • the wavelength band of the second outgoing light generated by the second light source assembly is such that it can be completely reflected by the first dichroic mirror 130 .
  • the wavelength band of the second outgoing light may be wider, and only a part of it may be reflected by the first dichroic mirror 130.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 may also play a role in A certain filtering effect is achieved, thereby reducing the requirement for the wavelength band of the second outgoing light generated by the second light source assembly, and helping to reduce the cost of the second light source assembly.
  • some first dichroic mirrors can transmit light with larger wavelengths and reflect light with smaller wavelengths, while other first dichroic mirrors can reflect light with larger wavelengths and light with smaller wavelengths For transmission, these two different first dichroic mirrors can be selected for use in the light source device as required.
  • the transmitted part of the first outgoing light is in the first wavelength band
  • the reflected part of the second outgoing light is in the second wavelength band
  • the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band may be separated from each other.
  • the first outgoing light is illumination light for visual observation
  • the first light source assembly is the illumination light source assembly 110
  • the second outgoing light is used to excite a fluorescent signal in the sample, etc.
  • the excitation light the second light source component is the excitation light source component 120 .
  • the first outgoing light is excitation light
  • the first light source component is the excitation light source component 120
  • the second outgoing light is illumination light
  • the second light source component is the illumination light source component 110 .
  • the illumination light is generally in the visible light band, for example, it can be white light.
  • the wavelength band of the excitation light can be determined according to the properties of the sample or the reagent that stains the sample.
  • the excitation light can be in the ultraviolet wavelength band with higher energy or the wavelength band that is blue in the visible light, for example, the excitation light
  • the wavelength band can be in the range of 450 to 500 nm.
  • the illumination light source assembly 110 may include an illumination light source 111 and a diaphragm 112 disposed between the illumination light source 111 and the first dichroic mirror 130 .
  • the illumination light source assembly 110 may further include a second lens 114 disposed between the illumination light source 111 and the diaphragm 112 .
  • the illumination light source 111 may include at least one of a thermal radiation light source and a light emitting diode.
  • the illumination light source 111 can, for example, generate white light or visible light close to white light, so as to facilitate the optical observation of the sample.
  • the second lens 114 can collimate the light generated by the illumination light source 111 .
  • the second lens 114 may include only one condensing lens to condense the diverging light from the illumination light source 111 into parallel light or near-parallel light.
  • the second lens 114 may also include a plurality of lenses to collimate the light generated by the illumination light source 111 .
  • Aperture 112 may block at least a portion of the light generated by illumination light source 111 to improve the illumination spot at the sample location (sample 200). Aperture 112 may have many different forms.
  • the diaphragm 112 as shown in FIG. 12 may include a light shielding screen 112 a and a light-transmitting slit opened on the light shielding screen 112 a 1121c, wherein the light-transmitting slits 1121c are annularly distributed around the center of the light shielding screen 112a.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the light path passing through the diaphragm in FIG. 12 . It can be seen from this that at least the central part of the illumination light will be blocked by the diaphragm.
  • a diaphragm can be used to form phase contrast, especially when observing transparent objects (such as biological particles such as cells, etc.), using the principle of phase contrast can make the edges of transparent objects clearer, thereby improving the observation effect.
  • the diaphragm 112 may comprise an adjustable diaphragm in which the opening and closing of at least some of the clear apertures and/or clear slits may be controlled to changed, so that the amount of light passing through the diaphragm 112 can be changed.
  • the adjustable diaphragm can also be completely closed to block the further propagation of the illumination light when the illumination light is not needed, thereby preventing the illumination light source 111 from being repeatedly switched on and off, which may lead to a decrease in its lifetime.
  • the excitation light source assembly 120 may include an excitation light source 121 and a first filter element 122 disposed between the excitation light source 121 and the first dichroic mirror 130 .
  • the excitation light source assembly 120 may further include a third lens 123 disposed between the excitation light source 121 and the first filter element 122 .
  • the excitation light source may include at least one of a light emitting diode and a laser.
  • the wavelength band of the light generated by the excitation light source can be included in 450-500 nm, and the corresponding dyes are used to dye biological particles such as cells.
  • excitation light can excite, for example, 500-550 nm or 600-650 nm. and other fluorescent signals.
  • the first filter element 122 can filter the light generated by the excitation light source to obtain the second outgoing light in a desired wavelength band.
  • the first filter 122 may comprise a bandpass filter. Bandpass filters allow light in a certain continuous wavelength range to pass, while filtering out other wavelengths outside this range.
  • the third lens 123 can collimate the light generated by the excitation light source 121 . Similar to the second lens 114, the third lens 123 may include only one condensing lens to condense the diverging light from the excitation light source 121 into parallel light or near-parallel light. Alternatively, the third lens 123 may also include a plurality of lenses to collimate the light generated by the excitation light source 121 .
  • the first optical filter 122 is disposed at the outgoing end of the third lens 123 to filter the collimated excitation light, which helps to reduce the required size of the first optical filter 122 .
  • the first direction and the second direction may be perpendicular to each other.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 may be arranged such that the incident angles of the first and second outgoing light relative to it are both 45 degrees, thereby guiding both the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light to the first side. Up, illuminate or excite the sample.
  • the wavelength band of the excitation light may be in the range of 450 ⁇ 500 nm, and the cutoff wavelength of the first dichroic mirror 130 may be 550 nm.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 can transmit light with a wavelength above 550 nm, so that the illumination light can continue to propagate to the sample position along the first direction, while the reflected wavelength is below 550 nm.
  • the excitation light is reflected to propagate in the first direction to achieve excitation of the sample.
  • FIG. 10 the first dichroic mirror 130 can transmit light with a wavelength above 550 nm, so that the illumination light can continue to propagate to the sample position along the first direction, while the reflected wavelength is below 550 nm.
  • the excitation light is reflected to propagate in the first direction to achieve excitation of the sample.
  • the first dichroic mirror 130 can reflect light with a wavelength above 550 nm, so as to reflect the excitation light to propagate in the first direction, so as to realize the excitation of the sample, and at the same time Light with wavelengths below 550 nm is transmitted so that the illumination light can continue to propagate in the first direction to the sample location.
  • the light source device may further include A fourth lens 140, which may be provided between the first dichroic mirror 130 and the sample position.
  • illumination light and excitation light are generally not projected onto the sample at the same time.
  • which beam of light will be projected onto the sample can be controlled by controlling the switches of the illumination light source 111 and the excitation light source 121, respectively.
  • at least one optical path of the illumination light and the excitation light can also be provided with a diaphragm, a shutter and other components to control the switching of the illumination light and the excitation light.
  • a microscope apparatus which may include the light source device as described above.
  • the microscope equipment may also include a sample stage for carrying a sample, an objective lens, an imaging mirror, an imaging device (eg, CCD, CMOS, etc.) and other components arranged opposite to the light source device relative to the sample position.
  • the illumination light generated by the light source device can be projected onto the sample at the sample stage, so as to realize the observation of the sample.
  • an optical detection device may include the above-mentioned light source device or microscope device.
  • the optical detection device may further include a memory, a processor, etc., to automatically process and store the imaging image information, etc., to simplify the detection.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are the imaging schematic diagrams of the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band excited from the sample to be tested.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are the imaging schematic diagrams of the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band excited from the sample to be tested.
  • the image formed according to the light signal is usually a dark field image, that is, the background of the image is dark. The background is adjusted to be bright.
  • the above detection methods often involve multiple detections for each wavelength band, and the information about the sample to be tested obtained in each detection is very limited, resulting in an unsatisfactory detection effect.
  • the present disclosure provides an optical detection device and an optical detection method.
  • a variety of optical signals in multiple wavelength bands excited from a sample to be tested can be analyzed simultaneously , so as to improve the detection effect.
  • the optical detection apparatus may include a light source device 100 configured to generate excitation light for exciting the sample 200 to be tested,
  • the second optical filter 500 that filters out the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band from the generated optical signal and is configured to generate detection in response to the first optical signal and the second optical signal Signal detection device 400 .
  • the excitation light generated by the light source device 100 can excite the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band.
  • the third band and the fourth band are separated from each other, and here the excitation light in the third band with higher energy is used as the first light signal, and the excitation light in the fourth band with lower energy is used as the first light signal.
  • the light is used as the second optical signal to facilitate the description below. It can be understood that the energy of at least a part of the excitation light may be greater than or equal to the energy of the first optical signal, so that the first optical signal and the second optical signal can be excited.
  • the light source device 100 may have various configurations.
  • the light source device 100 may include one or more excitation light sources 121, which may be at least one of thermal radiation light sources, light emitting diodes, and lasers.
  • the light generated by the thermal radiation light source and the light emitting diode is usually distributed over a wide range of wavelengths, so when the light generated by the thermal radiation light source and the light emitting diode is used to excite the sample to be tested, it can also be
  • the light source device 100 is provided with a first filter element 122, so as to filter light in a desired wavelength band from the light directly generated by the thermal radiation light source and the light emitting diode.
  • the light generated by the laser usually has good monochromaticity, so in some cases, the light generated by the laser can be used to directly excite the sample to be tested without setting the corresponding first filter.
  • a first filter element can also be provided for the laser to filter out the light of other wavelengths that may exist.
  • the first filter 122 can be disposed between the excitation light source 121 and the sample position for placing the sample to be tested 200, and is configured to pass the light in the fifth wavelength band in the excitation light, and filter out the light in the excitation light. other wavelengths of light.
  • the first optical filter 122 may include a bandpass filter, which may allow light in a certain continuous wavelength range to pass through and filter out other wavelengths outside this range. Light.
  • the light of the fifth wavelength band obtained by the first filter 122 can excite the sample to be tested. To achieve excitation, the maximum wavelength of the fifth band is less than or equal to the minimum wavelength of the third band.
  • the third wavelength band may be included in the range of 500-550 nm
  • the fourth wavelength band may be included in the range of 600-650 nm
  • the fifth wavelength band may be included in the range of 450-500 nm.
  • the optical detection process usually involves optical observation of the sample to be tested.
  • the light generated by components such as the excitation light source used for excitation in the light source device 100 is not suitable for optical observation, it can also be used in the light source device 100.
  • Set components such as the illumination light source for illuminating the sample to be tested.
  • the light path associated with the excitation light source 121 and the light path associated with the illumination light source 111 may also be set separately, that is, the excitation light and the illumination light may be irradiated to the sample to be tested along different light paths respectively. 200 on.
  • a corresponding mechanical switching device or the like can be provided to switch the excitation light source 121 and the illumination light source 111 .
  • At least a part of the light generated by the excitation light source for excitation can also be directly used to observe the sample to be tested.
  • the second optical filter 500 may be arranged on the optical path where the first optical signal and the second optical signal are located, and is configured to pass the light in the third wavelength band and the fourth wavelength band, And filter out other wavelengths of light. That is to say, the second filter 500 is a multi-band filter, which can pass light in at least two wavelength bands separated from each other, so as to realize multi-band detection of the light excited from the sample to be tested, so as to obtain More comprehensive information about the sample to be tested and simplify the testing process.
  • the second filter 500 capable of filtering out light of a desired wavelength band can be selected according to the relevant properties of the sample to be tested or the dye used for dyeing the sample to be tested.
  • the second optical filter 500 can also be selected to be able to transmit light in three or more wavelength bands separated from each other, so as to realize filtering of more wavelength bands. Simultaneous detection.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of transmittance-wavelength of a second optical filter 500 .
  • the second filter element 500 can transmit light with wavelengths in the wavelength bands of about 500-550 nm and 585-670 nm, and basically filter out light in other wavelength bands, so as to improve the detection effect.
  • there is a very narrow transmittance peak at about 690 nm that is to say, this second filter 500 may pass a part of light having a wavelength of about 690 nm.
  • the main concern is the optical signal in the 500-650 nm band, so the possible influence of the 690 nm light can be ignored.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of imaging of the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band excited from the sample to be tested in a specific embodiment. Different from Fig. 14 and Fig. 15, in the imaging schematic diagram shown in Fig. 18, we can see the first imaging spot 9a corresponding to the first optical signal of the third wavelength band and the first imaging spot 9a corresponding to the second optical signal of the fourth wavelength band The two image spots 9b are both, so that more comprehensive information about the sample to be tested can be obtained.
  • the optical detection device may further include a detection device 400 , the detection device 400 may be disposed on the outgoing optical path of the second optical filter 500 and configured to generate in response to the first optical signal and the second optical signal detection signal.
  • the detection device 400 may include an imaging device configured to image based on the first optical signal and the second optical signal, and the imaging schematic diagram shown in FIG. 18 may be formed on the imaging device.
  • the detection signal may also have other forms.
  • an imaging device may include an objective lens assembly and an imaging lens assembly.
  • the imaging mirror assembly can be arranged at the exit end of the objective lens assembly, so that the parallel or nearly parallel light beams from the objective lens assembly can be imaged at a finite imaging position.
  • the imaging device may also include at least one of a charge-coupled device and a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor device, and the charge-coupled device or the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor device may be disposed on the focal plane of the imaging mirror assembly, so as to convert the light from the sample to be tested. , The optical signal passing through the objective lens assembly and the imaging lens assembly is converted into an electrical signal to form an imaging image.
  • the optical detection device may further include a turning device disposed between the light source device 100 and the detection device 400 to change the propagation direction of light and make full use of the space.
  • the steering device may include a mirror 610 .
  • the reflector 610 can be disposed between the light source device 100 and the sample position where the sample to be tested 200 is located, and the reflector 610 can be configured to reflect the excitation light to the sample position.
  • the steering device may further include more reflective mirrors and/or transmission mirrors as required, so as to adjust the corresponding light beams, which will not be repeated here.
  • the turning device may include a second dichroic mirror 620, which may be configured to reflect excitation light to the sample to be tested 200 is located at the sample position, and the first optical signal and the second optical signal are transmitted to the detection device 400 .
  • the second filter element 500 may be disposed between the second dichroic mirror 620 and the detection device 400 .
  • the light signal from the sample to be tested 200 can first pass through the second dichroic mirror 620 , a part of which can be pre-filtered by the second dichroic mirror 620 , and then reach the detection device 400 through the second filter element 500 . .
  • the sample to be tested 200 can be arranged above the light source device 100 and the second dichroic mirror 620 , and the detection device 400 can be arranged above the light source device 100 and the second dichroic mirror 620 . below, to receive the first optical signal and the second optical signal generated by the sample to be tested 200 and transmitted through the second dichroic mirror 620 .
  • the sample to be tested 200 can be conveniently placed at or removed from the sample position in the optical detection device, and the overall structure of the optical detection device can be more compact.
  • the second dichroic mirror 620 can be provided in a rectangular block shape, the second filter element 500 can be attached to the first surface of the second dichroic mirror 620, and the first filter element 122 of the light source device 100 It can be attached to the second surface of the second dichroic mirror 620 that is perpendicular to the first surface, and the reflective surface 621 of the second dichroic mirror 620 can form an angle of 45 degrees with both the first surface and the second surface.
  • the second dichroic mirror 620, the first filter element 122 and the second filter element 500 can be integrated together, so that the structure of the optical detection device is more compact, and there is no need for the first filter element 122 and the second filter element 500.
  • the second filter 500 is provided with a separate support member or the like.
  • the optical detection apparatus may further comprise a memory communicatively coupled to the detection apparatus and configured to store the detection signal for further processing.
  • the optical detection device may further include a processor, which may be communicatively connected to the detection device and configured to process the detection signal.
  • a processor which may be communicatively connected to the detection device and configured to process the detection signal.
  • the processor can directly read the image signal generated by the imaging device, and use a corresponding algorithm to obtain information such as size distribution, position distribution, and count of biological particles in the image, thereby further simplifying the detection process.
  • the processor may also be communicatively connected to memory in the optical detection device, and program instructions corresponding to the algorithm may also be stored in the memory of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection method may include:
  • Step S100 using light in the fifth wavelength band to excite the sample to be tested, wherein the light in the fifth wavelength band can excite the first optical signal in the third wavelength band and the second optical signal in the fourth wavelength band, the third wavelength band and the fourth wavebands are separated from each other, and the maximum wavelength of the third waveband is less than the minimum wavelength of the fourth waveband, and the maximum wavelength of the fifth waveband is less than or equal to the minimum wavelength of the third waveband;
  • Step S200 detecting the first optical signal and the second optical signal from the sample to be tested.
  • the optical detection method may further include dyeing the sample to be tested with a predetermined dye to obtain desired information of the sample to be tested.
  • excitation light in a single wavelength or wavelength band can be used to excite a sample to be tested to generate a corresponding optical signal, at least part of the generated optical signal is distributed in a plurality of separated from each other in the band.
  • HEK293 cells were cultured statically in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. When the cells grow to a certain stage, such as the cell confluence is about 50%, use trypsin to digest the cells, and use DMEM medium to resuspend the cells. Mix the resuspended cells into the sample tube and place it in the sample inlet of the optical detection device. The optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the embedded AO (acridine orange), PI (iodine) through the pipetting device. propidium) dye consumables, and samples were counted and assessed for viability using an imaging device and associated procedures.
  • AO acridine orange
  • PI iodine
  • AO can pass through the complete cell membrane and embed in the nucleus of all cells (live and dead cells); PI can only pass through the incomplete cell membrane and embed in the nucleus of all dead cells.
  • PI can only pass through the incomplete cell membrane and embed in the nucleus of all dead cells.
  • AO-stained cells showed green fluorescence
  • PI-stained cells showed red fluorescence.
  • EX: 470/20, EM: 535/40 Green fluorescence was emitted, and dead cells emitted red fluorescence under the green channel (EX: 470/20, EM: 600LP).
  • AO and PI can immediately stain HEK293 cells, and judge live cells, dead cells and total cells according to the staining conditions. According to the combined cell staining conditions of AO and PI, the optical detection device and method of the present invention can accurately judge the cell concentration and concentration. survival rate.
  • insect cell lines e.g. S2 & Sf9 cell lines
  • the above cell lines and primary cells were collected in the general experimental way. After the cells were collected, they were mixed and added to the sample tube, and placed in the sample inlet of the optical detection equipment.
  • the optical detection equipment can automatically add the embedded AO and PI dyes to the samples through the pipetting device. Consumables, and use the imaging device and associated procedures to count and assess the viability of the samples.
  • AO and PI can immediately stain the corresponding cells, and according to the staining conditions, live cells, dead cells and total cells can be judged. According to the combined cell staining conditions of AO and PI, the device of the present invention can accurately judge the cell concentration. and survival rate.
  • HEK293 cells were cultured statically in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • trypsin to digest the cells
  • DMEM medium to resuspend the cells.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the trypan blue dye-embedded consumable through the pipetting device, and use the imaging device.
  • the device and associated procedures perform enumeration and viability assessment of the samples.
  • trypan blue is a blue acid dye containing two azo chromophores and is a large, hydrophilic and tetrasulfonated anionic dye commonly used to detect cell membrane integrity and assess cell survival Rate. Live cells are unstained, while dead cells take up the dye, so unstained live cells and blue-stained dead cells can be counted separately.
  • Trypan blue can immediately stain HEK293 cells, analyze and identify total cells according to brightfield imaging results, and determine live cells and dead cells according to the staining conditions.
  • the optical detection device and method of the present invention can accurately determine cell concentration and viability.
  • insect cell lines e.g. S2 & Sf9 cell lines
  • the above cell lines are collected in a general way. After the cells are collected, they are mixed into a sample tube and placed in the sample inlet of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the trypan blue dye-embedded consumable through the pipetting device, and Samples were counted and assessed for viability using an imaging device and associated procedures.
  • the results are consistent with HEK293 cells.
  • Total cells are analyzed and identified according to bright field imaging results, and live cells and dead cells are judged according to staining conditions.
  • the optical detection device and method of the present invention can accurately judge cell concentration and viability.
  • HEK293 is a human embryonic kidney cell line, which was transfected with GFP fused to the CMV promoter in this example. Dead cells were stained with PI, transfected cells were detected by GFP, all cells were identified by image, and cell transfection efficiency, cell count and cell viability were detected.
  • HEK293 cells stably expressing GFP were cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After the cells are digested, add 4 ⁇ l of PI staining solution to 100 ⁇ l of HEK293 cells, mix them evenly, add them to the sample tube, and place them in the injection port of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the undyed dye to the sample through the pipetting device. Consumables, and use imaging devices and related procedures to detect cell transfection efficiency, cell count, and cell viability.
  • PI is a membrane impermeable dye that only stains dead cells. In the brightfield channel, all cells were imaged and identified, in the blue channel, GFP-transfected cells were excited to fluoresce green, and in the green channel, dead cells were excited to fluoresce red.
  • Transfection efficiency of live cells GFP-transfected cells/(number of brightfield cells - number of dead cells)*100%
  • CHO cells are Chinese hamster ovary cells, transfected with RFP fused to the CMV promoter in this example. Transfected cells were detected by RFP, all cells were identified by image, transfection efficiency and cell count were checked.
  • HEK293 cells stably expressing GFP were cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After the cells are digested, mixed evenly, put into the sample tube, and placed in the sample inlet of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection device automatically adds the sample to the undyed consumable through the pipetting device, and uses the imaging device and related procedures to detect Cell transfection efficiency and cell count. Under the brightfield channel, all cells were imaged and identified, and under the green channel, RFP-transfected cells were excited to fluoresce red.
  • Phosphatidylserine (PS) in healthy, non-apoptotic cells is mainly located on the inner side of the cell membrane, but in the early stage of apoptosis, the cell membrane is still intact. At this time, PS can flip from the inner side of the cell membrane to the surface of the cell membrane, exposing in the extracellular environment.
  • Annexin V is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein with a molecular weight of 35-36 KD, which can specifically bind to PS with high affinity. Annexin V has been proved to be a useful tool for detecting apoptosis.
  • the Annexin V was labeled with FITC with fluorescein, and the labeled Annexin V was used as a fluorescent probe to detect the occurrence of apoptosis.
  • 7-AAD (7-amino-actinomycin D) or PI is a nucleic acid dye that cannot pass through the normal plasma membrane. With the process of apoptosis and cell death, the cell membrane of such cells loses integrity, and the plasma membrane is permeable to the dye. Gradually increasing, combined with the controlled degradation of DNA in apoptosis, bright red fluorescence can be emitted under the excitation of appropriate wavelength excitation light, and the cells can be grouped by the strength of 7-AAD-labeled DNA. By pairing Annexin V with 7-AAD or PI, early apoptotic, late apoptotic and necrotic cells can be distinguished.
  • CHO cells were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 200,000 cells/well, and then cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) for 24 hours using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After 24 hours, the old medium was removed and fresh cell culture medium containing a certain concentration of nocodazole was added to induce apoptosis. Continue to incubate the plate for 6 hours in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator, and digest to collect the cells. Annexin V-FITC and 7-AAD or PI staining was performed according to the instructions of the apoptosis kit.
  • all cells are identified by imaging.
  • Three types of cells were found under this device: cells that were not stained were living cells, cells that did not contain PI staining (red fluorescence) but were stained with Annexin V-FITC (green fluorescence) were early apoptotic cells, and those that were stained by PI and Annexin V - FITC-stained cells are apoptotic or necrotic cells.
  • the results of early apoptosis rate, late apoptosis rate and cell viability rate can be obtained by formula calculation.
  • JC-1 Disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential is a hallmark event that occurs early in apoptosis. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential after cells are induced by apoptosis lead to changes in membrane permeability. In normal mitochondria, JC-1 aggregates in the mitochondrial matrix to form polymers, which emit strong red fluorescence; in unhealthy mitochondria, due to the decrease or loss of membrane potential, JC-1 can only exist in the cytoplasm in the form of monomers , resulting in green fluorescence. Therefore, the change of color directly reflects the change of mitochondrial membrane potential.
  • cells are incubated with selected cationic dyes (eg, JC-1) and analyzed at the corresponding wavelengths using the device of the present invention.
  • selected cationic dyes eg, JC-1
  • CHO cells were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 200,000 cells/well, and then cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37° C.) for 24 hours using DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After 24 hours, the old medium was removed and fresh cell culture medium containing a certain concentration of nocodazole was added to induce apoptosis. Continue to incubate the plate for 6 hours in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator, and digest to collect the cells. According to the operating instructions of the mitochondrial membrane potential kit, cells were stained with JC-1 for 10 minutes, and resuspended in PBS for use.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the undyed consumables through the pipetting device, and use the optical detection device and the optical detection device of the present invention. Methods Cell apoptosis analysis was performed.
  • Apoptotic cells were identified by quantification of red and green fluorescence, while brightfield imaging identified all cells.
  • the optical detection device and method of the present invention can be used to identify cells in the early stages of apoptosis.
  • Low magnification fluorescence microscopy devices are useful for obtaining accurate information about the expression levels of antigens (eg, intracellular and cell surface proteins) in cell populations.
  • antigens eg, intracellular and cell surface proteins
  • Cell surface protein expression levels can be directly incubated with a fluorescently conjugated primary antibody that recognizes the antigen (eg, FITC-labeled antibody), after incubation unbound antibody is washed away, and cell surface marker fluorescence is detected and quantified.
  • the intensity of the fluorescent signal is proportional to the amount of antigen on the cell surface.
  • CD molecules including CD3, CD4 and CD8 of T cells, CD11, CD34, CD45, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 of MSC cells, etc.; in addition to evaluating antigens, it can also be used with other reagents to obtain cell number, viability, etc. Information detection.
  • the cultured T cells were taken for cell surface protein detection, and 6*105 cell samples were taken out for CD staining analysis. Centrifuge at 400g for 3 min, remove the supernatant, add 100 ⁇ l of Cell staining buffer to resuspend, add 3 ⁇ l of FITC-labeled CD3-specific antibody for staining, mix gently, incubate in the dark for 30 min, centrifuge at 400 g for 3 min, remove the supernatant, add 100 Microliter Cell staining buffer, resuspend the cells, and then load the sample for detection. After mixing the dyed samples evenly, add them into the sample injection tube, and place them in the sample inlet of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the undyed consumables through the pipetting device, and use the optical detection device and method of the present invention. and related procedures for the detection and quantification of cell surface markers.
  • the brightfield channel all cells were imaged and identified, and in the blue channel, T cells were stained to excite green fluorescence.
  • the optical detection device and method of the present invention can be used for the detection and quantification of cell surface markers.
  • the determination of antibody affinity at the cellular level by immunofluorescence is a very important indicator for evaluating the effect of antibodies.
  • the average fluorescence intensity of different antigen-antibody reactions can be directly and quantitatively evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence method, and the cell concentration and viability can also be detected.
  • a modified CHO cell line was used to stably express protein X for evaluating the affinity of generic drugs (primary antibodies).
  • the CHO cells were digested, the cell concentration was determined, the cell concentration was adjusted to 1,000,000 cells per reaction, centrifuged at 400g for 3 minutes, the supernatant was discarded, and 200 ⁇ l of staining buffer was added to resuspend the cells.
  • the primary antibodies with different concentration gradients were used to incubate at 37°C for 1 h. After incubation, the unbound antibodies were washed by centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded, and 200 ⁇ l of staining buffer was added to resuspend the cells, and the fluorescent coupling that recognized the primary antibody was added to the solution.
  • the secondary antibody such as Alexa 488
  • the unbound secondary antibody was washed and resuspended in 200 ⁇ l of staining buffer.
  • the sample was divided into two parts. Each group has 100 ⁇ l cell samples, one of which is supplemented with PBS to a volume of 500 ⁇ l and analyzed by a flow cytometer, and the other group is added to the injection tube and placed in the injection port of the optical detection device.
  • the liquid device automatically adds the sample to the undyed consumable to detect the cell surface markers and quantitatively analyze the cell fluorescence intensity.
  • the cells are incubated with a primary antibody that recognizes the antigen, unbound antibodies are washed away after incubation, and a fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibody (such as a FITC-labeled antibody) that recognizes the primary antibody is added to the solution. Unbound secondary antibody is washed off and intracellular fluorescence is detected and quantified using the device of the present invention.
  • a fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibody such as a FITC-labeled antibody
  • cells are fixed and permeabilized and then incubated with corresponding antibodies to detect intracellular antigens and detect whether cells have lost some positive clones due to degeneration or gene mutation, resulting in serious degradation of MAb production. Stability qualification assessment.
  • the intensity of the fluorescent signal is proportional to the amount of antigen in the cell. This method can be used to detect and quantify different intracellular antigens. In addition to evaluating antigens, it can also be used with other reagents to obtain information such as cell number and viability.
  • CHO cell line that can stably express X protein, determine the cell concentration of 2*106 cells/reaction, centrifuge at 400g for 3min to remove the supernatant, add 1000 ⁇ l PBS to wash once, centrifuge, and discard the supernatant; use BD Cytofix/CytopermTM Fixation/Permeabilization Solution Kit for Fixed and punched, and treated with Protocol for 30 min; the samples were centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, PBS was added to wash once, and PBS was added to resuspend each group of cells. A fixed volume of antibody anti-Fab'-FITC was added to each group of cells, and incubated at 4°C for 30 minutes in the dark.
  • the optical detection device can automatically add the sample to the undyed consumable through the pipetting device, and perform detection and quantitative analysis of the cell fluorescence intensity.
  • Tumor cell killing by CAR-T cells was monitored by targeting tumor cells with nontoxic, nonradioactive CFSE or Calcein AM staining or GFP.
  • Live targeted cancer cells exhibit green fluorescence under the fluorescent device, while dead targeted cancer cells cannot retain green fluorescence.
  • the dead cells can be stained by adding PI dye. .
  • Collect target cells (K562), the number of cells is 4*107; adjust the cell concentration to 1 ⁇ 106/mL, add a certain concentration of CFSE staining solution to the cell solution, and incubate at 37°C, 5% CO2 Mix and incubate for 30 minutes; centrifuge at 300g for 3 minutes, remove the supernatant, add about 18 mL of serum-containing medium, and test the cell concentration to 2*106 cells/mL; seed 1 ⁇ 106 target cells/well in a 12-well plate (about 500 ⁇ l of target cells), according to the effect: target ratio (E:T ratio) of 5:1, 1:1 and 0.5:1, respectively, add the corresponding number of effector cells to each well, that is, the number of effector cells is 5 ⁇ 106, 1 ⁇ 106 and 0.5 ⁇ 106 (if the original effector cell concentration is 1*107/mL, add 500 ⁇ l, 100 ⁇ l, and 50 ⁇ l of effector cells respectively, and make up the volume with medium to a final volume of 1 mL
  • Cell collection was carried out 4 hours after the effector cells were added; the cell suspension was taken out, and 1 ⁇ l of PI staining solution was added to the 100 ⁇ l volume of cell suspension; pipetting evenly, the sample was added to the injection tube, and placed in the injection port of the optical detection equipment.
  • the sample can be automatically added to the undyed consumable by the pipetting device for detection and analysis.
  • the pipetting device for detection and analysis.
  • all cells are imaged and identified, in the blue channel, live targeted cancer cells are excited to fluoresce green, and in the green channel, dead cells are excited to fluoresce red.
  • the cells stained with PI are dead cells to exclude dead cells from producing autofluorescence.
  • the number of green fluorescent cells can accurately represent the number of live target cancer cells.
  • the cell killing rate (the number of live targeted cancer cells in the control group - the number of live targeted cancer cells in the sample group) / the number of live targeted cancer cells in the control group.
  • the number of targeted cancer cells *100%.
  • Propidium Iodide is a fluorescent dye for double-stranded DNA.
  • the combination of PI and double-stranded DNA can generate fluorescence, and the overall fluorescence intensity of PI-stained cells has a stoichiometric relationship with the DNA content.
  • the DNA content of the cells can be determined, and then the cell cycle analysis can be carried out according to the distribution of the DNA content.
  • PI was used as a DNA stain to measure DNA content in adherent cell lines, suspension cell lines, MCF-7, Jurket and other cells, and to analyze cell cycle results.
  • DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum to culture HEK293 cells statically in a carbon dioxide incubator (5% CO 2 , 37°C). When the cells grow to about 90% confluence, wash the cells with PBS and use trypsin Cells were digested and collected by centrifugation.
  • V/V Triton X-100 was added with 20ug RNase and 2ug propidium iodide in PBS, incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes in the dark, then the samples were mixed evenly and divided into two, each group had 100 ⁇ l cells Samples, one of which was supplemented to a volume of 500 ⁇ l with PBS and analyzed with a flow cytometer, and the other group was added to the injection tube and placed in the injection port of the optical detection device.
  • the optical detection device can pass the sample through the pipetting device. It is automatically added to undyed consumables and analyzed using the optical detection apparatus, method and related procedures of the present invention.
  • the PI-stained HEK293 cells were analyzed by the optical detection equipment of the present application, and based on the analysis by flow software, accurate data of intracellular DNA content could be obtained, and the cell cycle results could be further formed. This result is comparable to flow cytometry results. Therefore the optical detection device can be used for cell cycle analysis.
  • HEK293 cells When HEK293 cells were cultured to about 50% confluence, they were subjected to cell digestion and centrifugation using trypsin after serum starvation or the use of a certain concentration of nocodazole or camptothecin. Cell analysis was performed using PI staining to quantify DNA content in cells.
  • the optical detection device of the present invention is used to analyze the influence of the mammalian cell cycle of the drug.
  • accurate intracellular DNA content data can be obtained. Cell analyzer results were comparable. Therefore, the optical detection device of the present invention can be used to study the effects of different drugs on the cell cycle.
  • the word "exemplary” means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” rather than as a “model” to be exactly reproduced. Any implementation illustratively described herein is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, the present disclosure is not to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or detailed description.
  • the word “substantially” is meant to encompass any minor variation due to design or manufacturing imperfections, tolerances of devices or elements, environmental influences, and/or other factors.
  • the word “substantially” also allows for differences from a perfect or ideal situation due to parasitics, noise, and other practical considerations that may exist in an actual implementation.
  • connection means that one element/node/feature is electrically, mechanically, logically or otherwise directly connected to another element/node/feature (or direct communication).
  • coupled means that one element/node/feature can be mechanically, electrically, logically or otherwise linked, directly or indirectly, with another element/node/feature to Interactions are allowed, even though the two features may not be directly connected. That is, “coupled” is intended to encompass both direct and indirect coupling of elements or other features, including connections that utilize one or more intervening elements.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法。光源装置包括:照明光源,所述照明光源被配置为产生照明光;以及光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,所述光阑包括:遮光屏,所述遮光屏被配置为遮挡部分照明光;第一透光部,所述第一透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第一透光部覆盖所述光阑的中心,所述第一透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成明场照明;以及第二透光部,所述第二透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第二透光部位于所述第一透光部的外围,所述第二透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成暗场照明。

Description

光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年12月28日提交的、申请号为202011582795.3的中国发明专利、于2020年12月28日提交的、申请号为202011582981.7的中国发明专利以及于2020年12月28日提交的、申请号为202011583924.0的中国发明专利的优先权,这些申请通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及光学检测技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法。
背景技术
在化学、生物等领域中,光学检测被越来越广泛地使用。在光学检测中,可以采用照明光对样品进行照明以观察样品,例如对样品中的生物颗粒(例如细胞)等进行计数和形貌观察等;还可以采用具有一定波长的激发光来激发样品中的各种信号(例如荧光信号等),从而获取样品的相关性质。然而,在现有的光学检测设备中,用于照明和用于激发的光源组件通常是单独设置的,导致光学检测设备的体积较大,且常常需要在不同的光源组件之间进行复杂的切换,这给检测带来了很多不便。
在光学检测中,良好的照明可以帮助相关人员更好地观察样品,从而以简单的方式得到关于样品的更多的信息。例如,在生物检测中,可以借助照明来获得关于样品中的生物颗粒(例如细胞、细胞碎片、酵母、藻类等)及其性质(例如辨别细胞为活细胞还是死细胞等)的相关信息。然而,由于样品自身条件的限制,例如生物颗粒本身很小、且大多呈透明状等,对它们的有效照明往往是十分困难的。
此外,当采用具有一定波长的激发光照射待测样品以激发出例如荧光信号等时,可以获取待测样品的相关性质,从而对待测样品(例如细胞、细胞碎片、酵母、藻类等生物颗粒)等进行识别和分析。然而,在同一个待测样品中可能可以激发出处于不同波段的多种信号,不同的信号可能反映了待测样品的不同方面的性质。为了减少这些信号之间的相互干扰,需要通过滤光件等将其一一分离,再分别对每个信号进行分析。这样的检测过程往往十分复杂,且难以在单次检测中获得关于待测样品的更全面 的信息,导致检测效果不够理想。
发明内容
本公开的目的之一在于提出一种光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法。
根据本公开的第一方面,提供了一种光源装置,所述光源装置包括:
照明光源,所述照明光源被配置为产生照明光;以及
光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,所述光阑包括:
遮光屏,所述遮光屏被配置为遮挡部分照明光;
第一透光部,所述第一透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第一透光部覆盖所述光阑的中心,所述第一透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成明场照明;以及
第二透光部,所述第二透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第二透光部位于所述第一透光部的外围,所述第二透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成暗场照明。
在一些实施例中,所述第一透光部的外侧边缘与所述光阑的中心之间的距离R1、所述光阑与所述样品位置之间的距离l以及被配置为与所述光源装置配合使用的物镜的数值孔径n之间满足以下关系:
R1≤l·tg[arcsin(n)/3]。
在一些实施例中,所述第二透光部的内侧边缘与所述光阑的中心之间的距离R2、所述光阑与所述样品位置之间的距离l以及被配置为与所述光源装置配合使用的物镜的数值孔径n之间满足以下关系:
R2>l·tg[arcsin(n)]。
在一些实施例中,所述遮光屏包括围绕所述光阑的中心的环状遮光部。
在一些实施例中,所述第一透光部包括从所述光阑的中心向外扩展的圆形通光孔。
在一些实施例中,所述第二透光部包括围绕所述光阑的中心布置的一个或多个通光缝。
在一些实施例中,通光缝包括弧形通光缝。
在一些实施例中,多个通光缝围绕所述光阑的中心呈环状布置。
在一些实施例中,所述第二透光部包括围绕所述光阑的中心布置的一个或多个通光孔。
在一些实施例中,通光孔包括圆形通光孔。
在一些实施例中,多个通光孔围绕所述光阑的中心均匀分布。
在一些实施例中,所述光阑包括可调光阑,所述可调光阑的第一透光部和第二透光部中的至少一者的透光范围能够被改变。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置还包括:
第一透镜,所述第一透镜设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,且所述第一透镜被配置为将照明光会聚在所述样品位置处。
在一些实施例中,所述第一透镜设于所述光阑和所述样品位置之间。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置还包括:
光衰减件,所述光衰减件设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,且所述光衰减件被配置为减小照明光的亮度。
在一些实施例中,所述光衰减件包括以下中的至少一种:
磨玻璃片;以及
偏振片。
在一些实施例中,所述光衰减件设于以下位置中的至少一处:
在所述照明光源和所述光阑之间;以及
在所述光阑和所述第一透镜之间。
在一些实施例中,所述照明光源包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种。
根据本公开的第二方面,还提出了一种光源装置,所述光源装置包括:
第一光源组件,所述第一光源组件被配置为产生沿第一方向传播的第一出射光;
第二光源组件,所述第二光源组件被配置为产生沿第二方向传播的第二出射光,其中,所述第二方向与所述第一方向彼此相交;以及
第一二向色镜,所述第一二向色镜设于所述第一方向与所述第二方向相交的位置处,且所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述第一出射光的至少一部分透射以继续沿所述第一方向传播,并将所述第二出射光的至少一部分反射成沿所述第一方向传播,其中,所述第一出射光的被透射的一部分处于第一波段,所述第二出射光的被反射的一部分处于第二波段,且所述第一波段与所述第二波段彼此分离。
在一些实施例中,所述第一出射光为照明光,所述第一光源组件为照明光源组件,且所述第二出射光为激发光,所述第二光源组件为激发光源组件;或者
所述第一出射光为激发光,所述第一光源组件为激发光源组件,且所述第二出射光为照明光,所述第二光源组件为照明光源组件。
在一些实施例中,当所述第一出射光为照明光、所述第二出射光为激发光时,所述第一波段的最小波长大于所述第二波段的最大波长;以及
当所述第一出射光为激发光、所述第二出射光为照明光时,所述第一波段的最大波长小于所述第二波段的最小波长。
在一些实施例中,所述照明光源组件包括:
照明光源;以及
光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源和所述第一二向色镜之间,所述光阑被配置为遮挡所述照明光源所产生的光的至少一部分。
在一些实施例中,所述照明光源组件还包括:
第二透镜,所述第二透镜设于所述照明光源和所述光阑之间,所述第二透镜被配置为使所述照明光源所产生的光准直。
在一些实施例中,所述照明光源包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,所述光阑包括遮光屏以及开设在所述遮光屏上的多个通光孔,其中,所述多个通光孔中的一个通光孔开设在所述遮光屏的中心位置,所述多个通光孔中的其它通光孔围绕处于中心位置的通光孔均匀分布。
在一些实施例中,所述光阑包括遮光屏以及开设在所述遮光屏上的通光狭缝,其中,所述通光狭缝围绕所述遮光屏的中心位置呈环状分布。
在一些实施例中,所述光阑还包括开设在所述遮光屏的中心位置的通光孔。
在一些实施例中,所述光阑包括可调光阑,所述可调光阑被配置为使所述照明光源所产生的光的通过所述光阑的部分能够被改变。
在一些实施例中,所述激发光源组件包括:
激发光源;以及
第一滤光件,所述第一滤光件设于所述激发光源和所述第一二向色镜之间,所述第一滤光件被配置为对所述激发光源所产生的光进行滤光。
在一些实施例中,所述激发光源组件还包括:
第三透镜,所述第三透镜设于所述激发光源和所述第一滤光件之间,所述第三透镜被配置为使所述激发光源所产生的光准直。
在一些实施例中,所述激发光源包括发光二极管和激光器中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,所述第一滤光件包括带通滤光片。
在一些实施例中,所述第一方向与所述第二方向彼此垂直。
在一些实施例中,所述第一出射光和所述第二出射光相对于所述第一二向色镜的入射角均为45度。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置还包括:
第四透镜,所述第四透镜设于所述第一二向色镜和样品位置之间,所述第四透镜被配置为将所述第一出射光会聚到所述样品位置,和/或将所述第二出射光会聚到所述样品位置。
根据本公开的第三方面,提出了一种显微设备,所述显微设备包括如上所述的光源装置。
在一些实施例中,所述显微设备还包括物镜,所述物镜与所述光源装置关于所述样品位置相对地设置。
根据本公开的第四方面,提出了一种光学检测设备,所述光学检测设备包括如上所述的光源装置。
根据本公开的第五方面,提出了一种光学检测设备,所述光学检测设备包括:
光源装置,所述光源装置被配置为产生激发光,所述激发光的至少一部分能够激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号,其中,所述第三波段与所述第四波段彼此分离,且所述第三波段的最大波长小于所述第四波段的最小波长;
第二滤光件,所述第二滤光件设于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号所在的光路上,且所述第二滤光件被配置为使处于所述第三波段和所述第四波段的光通过,并滤除其它波段的光;以及
检测装置,所述检测装置设于所述第二滤光件的出射光路上,且所述检测装置被配置为响应于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号产生检测信号。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置包括:
激发光源,所述激发光源被配置为产生所述激发光;以及
第一滤光件,所述第一滤光件设于所述激发光源和样品位置之间,所述第一滤光件被配置为使所述激发光中的处于第五波段的光通过,并滤除所述激发光中的其它波段的光;
其中,所述第五波段的最大波长小于或等于所述第三波段的最小波长。
在一些实施例中,所述第三波段被包括在500~550nm的范围中,所述第四波段被包括在600~650nm的范围中,以及所述第五波段被包括在450~500nm的范围中。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置还包括:
照明光源,所述照明光源被配置为产生照明光,所述照明光能够对处于所述样品位置的待测样品进行照明;以及
光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源和所述样品位置之间,所述光阑能够遮挡所述照明光的一部分以形成相衬照明。
在一些实施例中,所述照明光与所述激发光彼此呈角度;
所述光源装置还包括:
第一二向色镜,所述第一二向色镜设于所述照明光与所述激发光相交的位置处;
其中,所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述照明光的至少一部分透射,并将所述激发光的至少一部分反射到所述照明光所在的方向上;或者所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述激发光的至少一部分透射,并将所述照明光的至少一部分反射到所述激发光所在的方向上。
在一些实施例中,所述光源装置包括热辐射光源、发光二极管和激光器中的至少一者。
在一些实施例中,所述光学检测设备还包括:
转向装置,所述转向装置设于所述光源装置和所述检测装置之间,且所述转向装置被配置为改变光的传播方向。
在一些实施例中,所述转向装置包括:
反射镜,所述反射镜设于所述光源装置和所述样品位置之间,且所述反射镜被配置为将所述激发光反射到所述样品位置上。
在一些实施例中,所述转向装置包括:
第二二向色镜,所述第二二向色镜被配置为将所述激发光反射到所述样品位置上,并使所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号透射到所述检测装置上。
在一些实施例中,所述第二滤光件设于所述第二二向色镜和检测装置之间。
在一些实施例中,所述第二二向色镜呈长方体块状设置。
在一些实施例中,所述第二滤光件贴合于所述第二二向色镜的第一表面上,所述光源装置的第一滤光件贴合于所述第二二向色镜的垂直于所述第一表面的第二表面上。
在一些实施例中,所述第二二向色镜的反射面与所述第一表面和所述第二表面均呈45度角。
在一些实施例中,所述检测装置包括成像装置,所述成像装置被配置为基于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号成像。
在一些实施例中,所述成像装置包括电荷耦合器件和互补金属氧化物半导体器件中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,所述光学检测设备还包括:
存储器,所述存储器与所述检测装置通信地连接,所述存储器被配置为存储检测信号;和/或
处理器,所述处理器与所述检测装置通信地连接,所述处理器被配置为对所述检测信号进行处理。
根据本公开的第六方面,提出了一种光学检测方法,所述光学检测方法包括:
采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品,其中,处于第五波段的光能够激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号,所述第三波段与所述第四波段彼此分离,且所述第三波段的最大波长小于所述第四波段的最小波长,所述第五波段的最大波长小于或等于所述第三波段的最小波长;以及
检测来自所述待测样品的第一光信号和第二光信号。
在一些实施例中,在采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品之前,所述光学检测方法还包括:
采用预定染料对待测样品进行染色。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述,本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本公开的实施例,并且连同说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
参照附图,根据下面的详细描述,可以更加清楚地理解本公开,其中:
图1(a)示出了一具体示例中的未染色时明场照明的成像照片;
图1(b)示出了一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时明场照明的成像照片;
图2示出了一具体示例中的明场照明的情况下照明光与样品之间的相互作用示意图;
图3(a)示出了一具体示例中的未染色时暗场照明的成像照片;
图3(b)示出了一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时暗场照明的成像照片;
图4示出了一具体示例中的暗场照明的情况下照明光与样品之间的相互作用示意图;
图5示出了根据本公开的一示例性实施例的光源装置、样品和物镜的结构示意图;
图6示出了图5中的光源装置、样品和物镜中的相关参数示意图;
图7示出了一具体实施例中的光阑的结构示意图;
图8示出了另一具体实施例中的光阑的结构示意图;
图9(a)示出了一具体示例中的未染色时复合照明的成像照片;
图9(b)示出了一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时复合照明的成像照片;
图10示出了根据本公开的一示例性实施例的光源装置和样品台的结构示意图;
图11示出了根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的光源装置和样品台的结构示意图;
图12示出了根据本公开的又一具体实施例的光阑的结构示意图;
图13示出了通过图12中的光阑的光路示意图;
图14示出了从待测样品激发出的处于第三波段的第一光信号的成像示意图;
图15示出了从待测样品激发出的处于第四波段的第二光信号的成像示意图;
图16示出了根据本公开的一示例性实施例的光学检测设备的结构示意图;
图17示出了在一具体实施例中的第二滤光件的透射率-波长示意图;
图18示出了在一具体实施例中的从待测样品激发出的处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号的成像示意图;
图19示出了根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的光学检测设备的结构示意图;
图20示出了根据本公开的又一示例性实施例的光学检测设备的结构示意图;
图21示出了根据本公开的一示例性实施例的光学检测方法的流程示意图。
注意,在以下说明的实施方式中,有时在不同的附图之间共同使用同一附图标记来表示相同部分或具有相同功能的部分,而省略其重复说明。在本说明书中,使用相似的标号和字母表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
为了便于理解,在附图等中所示的各结构的位置、尺寸及范围等有时不表示实际的位置、尺寸及范围等。因此,所公开的发明并不限于附图等所公开的位置、尺寸及范围等。此外,附图不必按比例绘制,一些特征可能被放大以示出具体组件的细节。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。也就是说,本文中的芯片测试方法和计算芯片是以示例性的方式示出,来说明本公开中的电路或方法的不同实施例,而并非意图限制。本领域的技术人员将会理解,它们仅仅说明可以用来实施本发明的示例性方式,而不是穷尽的方式。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。
在研究过程中,例如生物领域的研究过程中,为了对样品进行表征,通常将涉及对样品进行照明。相关人员可以根据需要,选择合适的照明方式来实现照明,这些照明方式可以包括明场照明和暗场照明等。
如图1(a)所示为一具体示例中的未染色时明场照明的成像照片,图1(b)所示为一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时明场照明的成像照片。在图1(a)和图1(b)所示的成像照片中,可以看到呈现出不同形貌的对象911、912、913等,它们可能是样品中所包含的活细胞、死细胞和其他杂质等。然而,在明场照明的情况下,样品中的不同对象通常具有彼此一致的焦平面,因此,在这样的成像照片中难以有效地区分开不同的对象。此外,样品中的透明对象的边缘可能不是很清晰,难以对这些透明对象的尺寸等进行估计,甚至有些透明对象不能被有效地观察到。
如图2所示为明场照明的情况下照明光与样品之间的相互作用示意图。在明场照明的情况下,照明光垂直或基本上垂直入射到样品上。当照明光照射在透明对象921上时,其可以基本上穿透透明对象921;当照明光照射在非透明对象922上时,其被非透明对象922阻挡。因此,在明场照明下,透明对象可能难以在成像照片中被很好地显现,而非透明对象的成像效果一般远好于透明对象,这也解释了在图1中所示的成像照片中观察到的现象。
为了便于对透明对象进行观察,还可以在暗场照明的情况下进行成像。如图3(a)所示为一具体示例中的未染色时暗场照明的成像照片,图3(b)所示为一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时暗场照明的成像照片,其中对象931较亮。在暗场照明的情况下,可以更好地观 察透明对象,包括对例如活细胞之类的透明对象进行计数以及尺寸估计等。然而,暗场照明不利于对非透明对象或者被染色的对象(例如被台盼蓝染色细胞核的死细胞等)进行观察,因而难以掌握关于样品中所包含的各种对象的完整信息。
如图4所示为暗场照明的情况下照明光与样品的相互作用示意图。在暗场照明下,照明光以大角度入射在样品上,且照明光可以来自不同的方向。当照明光与样品中所包含的透明对象941相互作用时,来自不同方向的照明光将在透明对象941上的表面的不同位置处相交,从而能够更好地表征透明对象941的边缘,帮助清晰地显示出透明对象941。然而,当照明光照射在非透明对象942上时,将被该非透明对象942遮挡,又因为暗场情况下缺乏背景光,因此对样品中的非透明对象942的观察比较困难。
为了更好地观察样品中的各种对象,在本公开的示例性实施例中,提出了一种光源装置,该光源装置结合明场照明和暗场照明以产生复合照明,从而实现更好的照明效果。
如图5和图6所示,在本公开的一示例性实施例中,光源装置可以包括照明光源(图中未示出)以及光阑112。
其中,照明光源可以被配置为产生照明光,照明光一般处于可见光波段。在一些实施例中,照明光源可以包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种,以产生例如白光或接近白光的可见光,从而方便对样品进行光学观察。
光阑112设于照明光源的出射光路上,并且可以通过调控照明光的透过部分,在样品200所在的样品位置处产生复合照明。可以理解的是,光阑112可以设置在照明光源的出射光路上的不同位置处,以实现对照明光的遮挡。然而,为了方便确定光阑112自身的通光参数以及光阑112沿着光轴的设置位置,可以将光阑112设置在处于准直状态下的照明光所经过的光路上。当照明光源直接产生的照明光不是准直光时,在光源装置中还可以包括与照明光源一体设置或者独立于照明光源设置的准直透镜。该准直透镜可以包括一个或多个彼此配合的透镜,以实现对照明光的准直,相应地,光阑112可以设置在准直透镜的出射光路上。
光阑112可以包括遮光屏112a、第一透光部112b和第二透光部112c。其中,遮光屏112a可以用非透明材料制成,其被配置为遮挡部分照明光。第一透光部112b开设在遮光屏112a上,且覆盖光阑112的中心,并被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成明场照明。第二透光部112c也开设在遮光屏112a上,且位于第一透光部112b的外围,并被配置为使部分照明光透光以形成暗场照明。
如图5所示,当通过第一透光部112b的以较小角度入射到样品200上的照明光与样品 200相互作用后,将产生靠近光轴的一部分直射光410(白区域),其与明场照明相对应,可以增强整个观察视场的亮度,以改善观察效果。当通过第二透光部112c的以较大角度入射到样品200上的照明光与样品200相互作用后,将产生相对远离光轴的散射光420(灰区域),其与暗场照明相对应,可以更好地显示出样品中的透明对象的边缘,以改善观察效果。此外,在图5中可以看到,在散射光420外侧还可能存在一部分直射光410,通过设计物镜300的相关参数,这部分直射光将不会被物镜300所收集,对观察基本不会造成影响,因此不再进行详细描述。
在光源装置中,通过调节第一透光部112b和第二透光部112c的相关尺寸,可以改变复合照明中明场照明和暗场照明彼此的比例,以实现理想的照明效果。具体而言,随着第一透光部112b的相对通光尺寸增大,透过的以较小角度入射到样品上的照明光增多,明场照明所占的比重增大,观察到的视野的亮度将更亮,但是透明对象的成像效果可能变差;而随着第二透光部112c的相对通光尺寸增大,透过的以较大角度入射到样品上的照明光增多,暗场照明所占的比重增大,透明对象的成像效果将更好,但是非透明对象或者被染色对象等的成像效果可能变差,视野的整体亮度将会变低。
图6示出了光源装置、样品以及物镜中的一些相关参数,通过调整它们之间的相互关系,可以获得较为理想的照明效果。
在一些实施例中,为了避免复合成像中明场照明所占的比重过大,通常需要满足以下关系:
Figure PCTCN2021076825-appb-000001
其中,
Figure PCTCN2021076825-appb-000002
sinα=n,R1为第一透光部112b的外侧边缘与光阑112的中心之间的距离,l为光阑112与样品位置之间的距离,n为与光源装置配合使用的的物镜300的数值孔径,推导可得:R1≤l·tg[arcsin(n)/3]。
在一些实施例中,为了避免靠近外侧的直射光进入物镜300中干扰成像,也就是使与样品作用所产生的散射光能够覆盖物镜300的孔径,通常需要满足以下关系:∠β2>∠α,其中,
Figure PCTCN2021076825-appb-000003
sinα=n,R2为第二透光部112c的内侧边缘与光阑112的中心之间的距离,l为光阑112与样品位置之间的距离,n为与光源装置配合使用的的物镜300的数值孔径,推导可得:R2>l·tg[arcsin(n)]。
在光源装置中,遮光屏112a至少可以遮挡掉以较小角度入射到样品上的照明光,从而帮助形成暗场照明,避免以小角度入射的照明光对最终的成像造成干扰。
遮光屏112a可以包括彼此连接的多个遮光部。在一些实施例中,遮光屏112a可以包括围绕光阑112的中心的环状遮光部,以遮挡掉照明光中的以较小角度入射到样品上的一部分,而使垂直入射和一小部分以更小角度入射到样品上的光通过,从而实现暗场照明和 明场照明结合的复合照明,例如图7中所示的在内的第一环状遮光部1121a。在一些情况下,如图7所示,遮光屏112a还可以包括围绕第一环状遮光部1121a的在外的第二环状遮光部1122a,以进一步约束照明光束。当然,在其他一些光阑112中,遮光屏112a的形状也可以是不规则的,例如图8中所示的光阑。
第一透光部112b可以使距离光轴较近的、具有较小入射角的光透过,以形成复合照明中的明场照明。在一些实施例中,第一透光部112b可以包括如图7和图8所示的从光阑112的中心向外扩展的圆形通光孔1121b。当然,在其他示例中,第一透光部112b也可以具有其他的形状和布置。
第二透光部112c可以使距离光轴较远的、具有较大入射角的光透过,以形成复合照明中的暗场照明。在一些实施例中,第二透光部112c可以包括围绕光阑112的中心布置的一个或多个通光缝。这些通光缝可以包括弧形通光缝1121c,如图7所示。此外,多个通光缝可以围绕光阑112的中心呈环状布置,以使得来自各个方向的大角度的入射光能够透过光阑112照射到样品上,从而帮助形成复合照明中的暗场照明。在一些实施例中,第二透光部112c可以包括围绕光阑112的中心布置的一个或多个通光孔。这些通光孔可以包括圆形通光孔1122c,如图8所示。此外,多个通光孔可以围绕光阑112的中心均匀分布,以使得来自各个方向的大角度的入射光能够透过光阑112照射到样品上,从而帮助形成复合照明中的暗场照明。当然,在其他示例中,第二透光部112c也可以具有其他的形状和布置。
在一些实施例中,光阑112还可以包括可调光阑,在可调光阑中,第一透光部112b和第二透光部112c中的至少一者的透光范围能够被改变,从而可以改变复合照明中暗场照明和明场照明之间的比例,以便根据实际情况对成像效果进行方便灵活的调节。
在一些实施例中,如图5和图6所示,光源装置还可以包括第一透镜113,第一透镜113可以设于照明光源的出射光路上,且被配置为将照明光会聚在样品位置处。
如上文所述,为了便于确定光阑112的相关参数及其在光轴上的位置,第一透镜113可以设于光阑112和样品位置之间,也就是说,先由光阑112对准直的照明光进行调制,再由第一透镜113对照明光进行会聚。
在一些实施例中,如图5和图6所示,光源装置还可以包括光衰减件114,光衰减件114可以设于照明光源的出射光路上,且被配置为减小照明光的亮度,以改善复合照明的效果,避免明场过亮。光衰减件114可以是磨玻璃片或者偏振片等,并且可以设置在照明光源和光阑112之间或者光阑112和第一透镜113之间的一个或多个位置上。为了便于确定光衰减件114的尺寸和在光轴上的位置,光衰减件114可以位于处于准直状态下的出射光所 经过的光路上。
在本公开的示例性实施例中,通过在光源装置中设置光阑,可以在样品上形成暗场照明与明场照明相结合的复合照明,在保障了成像亮度的前提下可以更清楚地显示出透明对象,从而能够对透明对象和非透明对象两者都进行很好的观察。此外,由于样品中存在的不同对象(例如细胞和杂质)的高度存在差异,它们可以被分别成像在不同的焦平面上,因此当涉及不同对象时,可以仅调节焦距就实现很好的观察效果,而无需切换分别用于明场照明和暗场照明的不同的光源装置。
如图9(a)所示为一具体示例中的未染色时复合照明的成像照片,图9(b)所示为一具体示例中的用台盼蓝染色时复合照明的成像照片。尤其是当用台盼蓝染色时,可以清楚地分辨出透明的活细胞941以及被台盼蓝染色细胞核的死细胞942。此外,样品中的杂质与细胞之间的高度差较大,因此杂质对应的焦平面不同于细胞对应的焦平面,因此在观察细胞时可以很好地去除杂质的干扰,而当需要观察杂质时,仅通过调节焦距即可实现。
为了解决光学检测设备中光源组件所占据的体积较大、切换不方便的问题,本公开还提出了一种光源装置,该光源装置可以集成多个光源组件,从而在光学检测设备中分别实现不同的检测功能。本公开的光源装置和使用该光源装置的设备可以具有较小的体积,且光路切换简单,从而可以使检测更加方便高效。
在本公开的示例性实施例中,如图10和图11所示,光源装置100可以包括被配置为产生沿第一方向传播的第一出射光的第一光源组件、被配置为产生沿第二方向传播的第二出射光的第二光源组件以及第一二向色镜130。
其中,第二方向与第一方向彼此相交,从而使得第一光源组件和第二光源组件可以被分别设置在不同的位置上,以避免它们之间的相互干扰。
进一步地,第一二向色镜130可以使不同波长的光被透射或反射,从而使第一出射光和第二出射光能够共用一部分光路,以减小光源装置的体积,并简化不同光源组件的切换。
第一二向色镜130可以设于第一方向与第二方向相交的位置处,使得第一出射光和第二出射光都可以被入射到第一二向色镜130上。第一二向色镜130可以使第一出射光的至少一部分透射以继续沿第一方向传播,并将第二出射光的至少一部分反射成沿第一方向传播。也就是说,在经过第一二向色镜130之后,第一出射光和第二出射光将沿着相同的光路行进。
在一些实施例中,第一光源组件所产生的第一出射光所处的波段使得其可以全部透射通过第一二向色镜130。在另一些实施例中,第一出射光所处的波段可以更宽,而其中仅一部分可以通过第一二向色镜130,在这种情况下,第一二向色镜130还可以起到一定的滤光作用,从而降低了对第一光源组件所产生的第一出射光所处的波段的要求,有助于减少第一光源组件的成本。类似地,第二光源组件所产生的第二出射光所处的波段使得其可以全部被第一二向色镜130反射。在另一些实施例中,第二出射光所处的波段可以更宽,而其中仅一部分可以被第一二向色镜130反射,在这种情况下,第一二向色镜130也可以起到一定的滤光作用,从而降低了对第二光源组件所产生的第二出射光所处的波段的要求,有助于减少第二光源组件的成本。此外,一些第一二向色镜可以使波长较大的光透射,而反射波长较小的光,而另一些第一二向色镜可以反射波长较大的光,而使波长较小的光透射,可以根据需要来选择这两种不同的第一二向色镜用在光源装置中。基于第一二向色镜130的基本性质,第一出射光的被透射的一部分处于第一波段,第二出射光的被反射的一部分处于第二波段,且第一波段与第二波段可以是彼此分离的。
在图10所示的示例性实施例中,第一出射光为用于视觉观察的照明光,第一光源组件为照明光源组件110,且第二出射光为用于激发样品中的荧光信号等的激发光,第二光源组件为激发光源组件120。而在图11所示的示例性实施例中,第一出射光为激发光,第一光源组件为激发光源组件120,且第二出射光为照明光,第二光源组件为照明光源组件110。照明光一般处于可见光波段,例如可以为白光。而激发光的波段可以根据样品或对样品进行染色的试剂的性质来确定,在一些实施例中,激发光可以处于具有较高能量的紫外波段或可见光中偏蓝光的波段,例如,激发光的波段可以在450~500nm的范围。
如图10和图11所示,照明光源组件110可以包括照明光源111以及设于照明光源111和第一二向色镜130之间的光阑112。此外,照明光源组件110还可以包括设于照明光源111和光阑112之间的第二透镜114。
在一些实施例中,照明光源111可以包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种。照明光源111例如可以产生白光或接近白光的可见光,以方便对样品进行光学观察。
第二透镜114可以对照明光源111所产生的光进行准直。在一些实施例中,第二透镜114可以仅包括一个会聚透镜,以将来自照明光源111的发散光会聚成平行光或接近平行光。在另一些实施例中,第二透镜114也可以包括多个透镜,以使照明光源111所产生的光准直。
光阑112可以遮挡照明光源111所产生的光的至少一部分,以改善在样品位置(样品 200)处的照明光斑。光阑112可以具有多种不同的形式。
除了如上文中关于图7和图8所描述的光阑112之外,在一些实施例中,光阑112如图12所示,可以包括遮光屏112a以及开设在遮光屏112a上的通光狭缝1121c,其中,通光狭缝1121c围绕遮光屏112a的中心位置呈环状分布。
如图13所示为通过图12中的光阑的光路示意图。从中可知,照明光的至少中心部分将被光阑遮挡。利用这样的光阑可以形成相衬,尤其是在观察透明物体(例如细胞等生物颗粒等)时,采用相衬原理可以使透明物体的边缘更清晰,从而改善观察效果。
如上文所述的,在一些实施例中,光阑112可以包括可调光阑,在可调光阑中,至少部分通光孔和/或通光狭缝的打开和闭合是可以被控制而改变的,从而可以改变通过光阑112的光量。在一些实施例中,可调光阑还可以被完全地闭合,以在不需要照明光的情况下阻断照明光的继续传播,从而避免了照明光源111被反复开关而导致其寿命下降。
如图10和图11所示,激发光源组件120可以包括激发光源121以及设于激发光源121和第一二向色镜130之间的第一滤光件122。此外,激发光源组件120还可以包括设于激发光源121和第一滤光件122之间的第三透镜123。
在激发过程中,通常对激发光的波长存在一定的要求,以使得激发光的能量足以激发出样品的荧光等信号。激发光源可以包括发光二极管和激光器中的至少一种。在一具体示例中,激发光源所产生的光的波段可以被包括在450~500nm中,配合相应的染料对细胞等生物颗粒进行染色,这样的激发光可以激发出例如500~550nm或600~650nm等的荧光信号。
第一滤光件122可以对激发光源所产生的光进行滤光,以获得处于所需波段的第二出射光。在一些实施例中,第一滤光件122可以包括带通滤光片。带通滤光片可以允许处于某个连续波长范围内的光通过,而滤除这个范围之外的其它波长的光。
第三透镜123可以对激发光源121所产生的光进行准直。与第二透镜114类似,第三透镜123可以仅包括一个会聚透镜,以将来自激发光源121的发散光会聚成平行光或接近平行光。或者,第三透镜123也可以包括多个透镜,以使激发光源121所产生的光准直。
将第一滤光件122设置在第三透镜123的出射端从而对准直后的激发光进行滤光,有助于减小所需的第一滤光件122的尺寸。
如图10和图11所示,第一方向与第二方向可以是彼此垂直的。而且,第一二向色镜130可以被设置为使得第一出射光和第二出射光相对其的入射角均为45度,从而将第一出射光和第二出射光均引导到第一方向上,对样品进行照明或激发。
激发光的波段可以在450~500nm的范围中,第一二向色镜130的截止波长可以为550nm。在一具体实施例中,如图10所示,第一二向色镜130可以透射波长在550nm以上的光,从而使得照明光能够继续沿第一方向传播到样品位置,而反射波长在550nm以下的光,从而将激发光反射成沿第一方向传播,以实现对样品的激发。在另一具体实施例中,如图11所示,第一二向色镜130可以反射波长在550nm以上的光,从而将激发光反射成沿第一方向传播,以实现对样品的激发,同时透射波长在550nm以下的光,使得照明光能够继续沿第一方向传播到样品位置。
如图10和图11所示,为了将从第一二向色镜130出射的平行光或接近平行光会聚到样品位置(样品200),以改善对样品的照明或激发,光源装置还可以包括第四透镜140,该第四透镜140可以设于第一二向色镜130和样品位置之间。
在光学检测过程中,照明光和激发光一般并不同时被投射到样品上。在一些实施例中,可以通过分别控制照明光源111和激发光源121的开关来控制哪束光将被投射到样品上。在另一些实施例中,也可以在照明光和激发光的至少一个光路上设置光阑、快门等部件,以控制照明光和激发光的开关。
根据本公开的另一方面,提出了一种显微设备,该显微设备可以包括如上所述的光源装置。此外,在显微设备中,还可以包括用于承载样品的样品台、与光源装置关于样品位置相对地设置的物镜、结像镜、成像装置(例如CCD、CMOS等)等部件。光源装置所产生的照明光可以被投射到样品台处的样品上,以实现对样品的观察。
根据本公开的又一方面,还提出了一种光学检测设备,该光学检测设备可以包括如上所述的光源装置或者显微设备。此外,光学检测设备还可以包括存储器、处理器等,以对成像图像信息进行自动处理和存储等,以简化检测。
进一步地,在光学检测中,不同种类的、处于不同状态的生物颗粒等待测样品本身,或者这些待测样品与相应的染料结合,可以被激发出不同的荧光等信号,因此通过检测来自待测样品的激发光,可以获取有关的信息。针对各个波段的激发光的检测一般是单独进行的,可以采用滤光件来滤除来自待测样品的激发光中的处于其它波段的光,而仅留下期望检测的一个波段的光,以方便分析。如图14和图15所示,分别为从待测样品激发出的处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号的 成像示意图,在图14中,可以看到对应于第三波段的第一光信号的第一成像光斑9a,在图15中,可以看到对应于第四波段的第二光信号的第二成像光斑9b。需要注意的是,根据光信号所成的图像通常为暗场像,即图像背景是暗的,而在图14、图15和下面的图18中,出于图示清楚的目的,将成像图像的背景调整为亮的。
然而,对于同一待测样品而言,上述检测方式往往涉及针对各个波段的多次检测,且每次检测中所获取的关于待测样品的信息十分有限,导致检测效果不够理想。
为了解决上述问题,本公开提供了一种光学检测设备和光学检测方法,在本公开的示例性实施例中,可以对从待测样品激发出的处于多个波段的多种光信号同时进行分析,从而改善检测效果。
在本公开的一示例性实施例中,如图16所示,光学检测设备可以包括被配置为产生用于激发待测样品200的激发光的光源装置100、被配置为从待测样品200所产生的光信号中过滤出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号的第二滤光件500以及被配置为响应于第一光信号和第二光信号产生检测信号的检测装置400。
具体而言,在待测样品符合条件的情况下,光源装置100所产生的激发光的至少一部分可以激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号。为了方便后续的分析,第三波段与第四波段是彼此分离的,且在这里将处于能量较高的第三波段的激发光作为第一光信号,将处于能量较低的第四波段的激发光作为第二光信号,以方便后文的描述。可以理解的是,激发光的至少一部分的能量可以大于或等于第一光信号的能量,从而能够激发出第一光信号和第二光信号。
光源装置100可以具有多种配置方式。例如,如图16所示,光源装置100可以包括一个或多个激发光源121,这些激发光源121可以是热辐射光源、发光二极管和激光器中的至少一者。可以理解的是,热辐射光源和发光二极管所产生的光通常在较宽的波长范围上都有分布,因此当使用热辐射光源和发光二极管所产生的光来激发待测样品时,还可以在光源装置100中设置第一滤光件122,从而从热辐射光源和发光二极管直接产生的光中过滤出想要的波段内的光。而激光器所产生的光通常具有很好的单色性,因此在一些情况下,可以用激光器产生的光直接激发待测样品,而不设置相应的第一滤光件,当然,在其它一些情况下,也可以为激光器设置第一滤光件来滤除可能存在的其它波长的光。
第一滤光件122可以设于激发光源121和用于放置待测样品200的样品位置之间, 并被配置为使激发光中的处于第五波段的光通过,并滤除激发光中的其它波段的光。在一些实施例中,第一滤光件122可以包括带通滤光片,该带通滤光片可以允许处于某个连续波长范围内的光通过,而滤除这个范围之外的其它波长的光。经过第一滤光件122所获得的第五波段的光可以激发待测样品,可以理解的是,为了使第五波段的光的能量大于或等于第三波段和第四波段的光的能量,以实现激发,第五波段的最大波长小于或等于第三波段的最小波长。在一具体实施例中,第三波段可以被包括在500~550nm的范围中,第四波段可以被包括在600~650nm的范围中,而第五波段可以被包括在450~500nm的范围中。
此外,在光学检测过程中,通常还涉及对待测样品的光学观察,当光源装置100中用于激发的激发光源等部件所产生的光不适合用于光学观察时,还可以在光源装置100中设置用于对待测样品进行照明的照明光源等部件。光源装置100的具体设置可以参考上文关于光源装置的描述。
此外,在一些实施例中,与激发光源121相关联的光路和与照明光源111相关联的光路也可以是单独设置的,即激发光和照明光可以分别沿不同的光路被照射到待测样品200上。在光学检测设备中,可以设置相应的机械切换装置等来切换激发光源121和照明光源111。
当然,在一些实施例中,也可以直接使用用于激发的激发光源所产生的光的至少一部分来观察待测样品。
返回图16,在光学检测设备中,第二滤光件500可以设于第一光信号和第二光信号所在的光路上,并被配置为使处于第三波段和第四波段的光通过,并滤除其它波段的光。也就是说,第二滤光件500为多波段滤光件,其可以使至少两个彼此分离的波段中的光通过,以实现对从待测样品激发出的光的多波段检测,从而获得关于待测样品的更全面的信息,并简化检测过程。可以根据待测样品或者用于对待测样品进行染色的染料的相关性质,选择能够过滤出期望波段的光的第二滤光件500。
可以理解的是,在其它一些实施例中,第二滤光件500也可以被选择为能够使彼此分离的三个或三个以上的波段中的光透射通过,从而实现对更多个波段的同时检测。
图17所示为一种第二滤光件500的透射率-波长示意图。可以看到,该第二滤光件500能够使波长处于约500~550nm和585~670nm的波段中的光透射通过,而基本上滤除其它波段的光,以改善检测效果。此外,在图17中,在约690nm处存在一很窄的透 射率峰,也就是说这个第二滤光件500可能使波长为690nm左右的一部分光通过。然而,在实际测量中,主要关注的是500~650nm波段内的光信号,因此可以忽略可能存在的690nm的光的影响。
如图18所示为一具体实施例中的从待测样品激发出的处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号的成像示意图。不同于图14和图15,在图18所示的成像示意图中,可以看到对应于第三波段的第一光信号的第一成像光斑9a和对应于第四波段的第二光信号的第二成像光斑9b两者,从而可以获得关于待测样品的更全面的信息。
如图16所示,光学检测设备还可以包括检测装置400,该检测装置400可以设于第二滤光件500的出射光路上,并被配置为响应于第一光信号和第二光信号产生检测信号。在一些实施例中,检测装置400可以包括被配置为基于第一光信号和第二光信号成像的成像装置,如图18所示的成像示意图就可以形成在成像装置上。当然,在另一些实施例中,检测信号也可以具有其它的形式。
在一些实施例中,成像装置可以包括物镜组件和结像镜组件。结像镜组件可以设置在物镜组件的出射端,从而使来自物镜组件的平行或接近平行的光束能够在有限远的成像位置处成像。
成像装置还可以包括电荷耦合器件和互补金属氧化物半导体器件中的至少一种,电荷耦合器件或互补金属氧化物半导体器件可以设置在结像镜组件的焦平面上,以将来自待测样品的、经过物镜组件和结像镜组件的光信号转化为电信号,形成成像图像。
在一些实施例中,为了使结构更紧凑,光学检测设备还可以包括设于光源装置100和检测装置400之间的转向装置,以改变光的传播方向,充分利用空间。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,如图19所示,转向装置可以包括反射镜610。该反射镜610可以设于光源装置100和待测样品200所在的样品位置之间,且反射镜610可以被配置为将激发光反射到样品位置上。
可以理解的是,在其它实施例中,根据需要,转向装置还可以包括更多的反射镜和/或透射镜,从而实现对相应的光束的调整,在此不再赘述。
在本公开的又一示例性实施例中,如图20所示,转向装置可以包括第二二向色镜620,该第二二向色镜620可以被配置为将激发光反射到待测样品200所在的样品位置上,并使第一光信号和第二光信号透射到检测装置400上。
为了延长第二滤光件500的使用寿命,第二滤光件500可以设于第二二向色镜620和检测装置400之间。这样,来自待测样品200的光信号可以首先经过第二二向色镜620,其中一部分可以被第二二向色镜620预先滤除,然后通过第二滤光件500的过滤到达检测装置400。
在图20所示的实施例中,待测样品200可以设于光源装置100、第二二向色镜620的上方,而检测装置400可以设于光源装置100、第二二向色镜620的下方,以接收待测样品200产生的、经过第二二向色镜620透射的第一光信号和第二光信号。这样,待测样品200可以被方便地放置在光学检测设备中的样品位置处或从样品位置处移除,且光学检测设备的整体结构可以更加紧凑。
进一步地,第二二向色镜620可以呈长方体块状设置,第二滤光件500可以贴合于第二二向色镜620的第一表面上,光源装置100的第一滤光件122可以贴合于第二二向色镜620的垂直于第一表面的第二表面上,并且第二二向色镜620的反射面621可以与第一表面和第二表面均呈45度角。这样,第二二向色镜620、第一滤光件122和第二滤光件500可以被集成在一起,从而使得光学检测设备的结构更紧凑,也无需再为第一滤光件122和第二滤光件500设置单独的支撑部件等。
在一些实施例中,光学检测设备还可以包括存储器,存储器可以与检测装置通信地连接,并被配置为存储检测信号,以待进一步处理。
在另一些实施例中,光学检测设备还可以包括处理器,处理器可以与检测装置通信地连接,并被配置为对检测信号进行处理。例如,当检测装置为成像装置时,处理器可以直接读取成像装置产生的图像信号,并采用相应的算法获取图像中生物颗粒的尺寸分布、位置分布、以及计数等信息,从而进一步简化检测过程。处理器也可以与光学检测设备中的存储器通信地连接,而与算法对应的程序指令也可以被存储在光学检测设备的存储器中。
本公开还提出了一种光学检测方法,如图21所示,该光学检测方法可以包括:
步骤S100,采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品,其中,处于第五波段的光能够激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号,第三波段与第四波段彼此分离,且第三波段的最大波长小于第四波段的最小波长,第五波段的最大波长小于或等于第三波段的最小波长;以及
步骤S200,检测来自待测样品的第一光信号和第二光信号。
在一些实施例中,在采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品之前,光学检测方法还可以包括采用预定染料对待测样品进行染色,以获取期望的待测样品的信息。
在本公开的光学检测设备和方法中,可以用处于单一波长或波段中的激发光来激发待测样品,产生相应的光信号,所产生的光信号中的至少部分分布在彼此分离的多个波段中。通过在单次检测中分析多波段的光信号,可以获得关于待测样品的更全面的信息,并简化检测过程。
下面列举了一些光学检测方法的具体实施例。
实施例1:细胞计数和细胞活率
1.1荧光染色
1)贴壁生长细胞(例如HEK293细胞)的计数和细胞活率
材料和方法
使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基、在二氧化碳培养箱内(5%CO 2,37℃)静置培养HEK293细胞。当细胞生长到一定阶段,如细胞汇合度在50%左右时,使用胰蛋白酶进行细胞消化,并使用DMEM培养基细胞重悬。将重悬后的细胞混合均匀加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入包埋AO(吖啶橙),PI(碘化丙啶)染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序对样本进行计数和活率评估。其中,AO可以通过完整的细胞膜,嵌入所有细胞(活细胞和死细胞)的细胞核;PI只能通过不完整的细胞膜,嵌入所有死细胞的细胞核。使用成像装置观察,AO染色细胞呈现绿色荧光,PI染色细胞呈现红色荧光。当两种染料均存在于细胞核内,在合适的AO、PI配比下,两种染料发生能量共振转移,致活细胞在蓝色通道下(EX:470/20,EM:535/40)激发出绿色荧光,死细胞在绿色通道下(EX:470/20,EM:600LP)激发出红色荧光。
结果
AO和PI可立即对HEK293细胞进行染色,并根据染色情况判断活细胞,死细胞和总细胞,根据AO和PI的结合细胞染色情况,使用本发明的光学检测设备和方法可准确判断细胞浓度和活率。
2)悬浮生长细胞(例如Jurket细胞)的计数和细胞活率
3)昆虫细胞系(例如S2&Sf9细胞系)的计数和细胞活率
4)原代细胞(例如人体外周血细胞,鼠脾细胞和骨髓细胞)的计数和细胞活率
材料与方法
采用实验通用方式采集以上细胞系及原代细胞,细胞采集后混匀加入进样管,放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入包埋AO和PI染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序对样本进行计数和活率评估。
结果
结果与HEK293细胞一致,AO和PI可立即对对应细胞进行染色,并根据染色情况判断活细胞,死细胞和总细胞,根据AO和PI的结合细胞染色情况,使用本发明装置可准确判断细胞浓度和活率。
1.2台盼蓝染色
1)贴壁生长细胞(例如HEK293细胞)的计数和细胞活率
材料和方法
使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基、在二氧化碳培养箱内(5%CO 2,37℃)静置培养HEK293细胞。当细胞生长到一定阶段,如细胞汇合度在80%左右时,使用胰蛋白酶进行细胞消化,并使用DMEM培养基细胞重悬。将重悬后的细胞混合均匀加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入包埋台盼蓝染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序对样本进行计数和活率评估。其中,台盼蓝是一种蓝色酸性染料,含有两个偶氮发色团,是一种较大、亲水和四磺酸化的阴离子染料,普遍用于检测细胞膜的完整性及评估细胞存活率。活细胞不着色,而死细胞则摄取染料,因此,可分别计数不着色的活细胞和蓝染的死细胞。
结果
台盼蓝可立即对HEK293细胞进行染色,根据明场成像结果分析识别总细胞,并根据染色情况判断活细胞,死细胞,使用本发明的光学检测设备和方法可准确判断细胞浓度和活率。
2)悬浮生长细胞(例如Jurket细胞)的计数和细胞活率
3)昆虫细胞系(例如S2&Sf9细胞系)的计数和细胞活率
材料与方法
采用通用方式采集以上细胞系,细胞采集后混匀加入进样管,放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入包埋台盼蓝染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序对样本进行计数和活率评估。
结果
结果与HEK293细胞一致,根据明场成像结果分析识别总细胞,并根据染色情况判断活细胞,死细胞,使用本发明的光学检测设备和方法可准确判断细胞浓度和活率。
实施例2:细胞转染
1)GFP转染细胞转染效率、细胞计数和细胞活率
HEK293是一种人体胚胎肾细胞系,本实施例中用融合了CMV启动子的GFP转染。用PI染色死细胞,GFP检测转染细胞,图像识别所有细胞,检测细胞转染效率、细胞计数和细胞活率。
材料和方法
使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基,在二氧化碳培养箱(5%CO 2,37℃)内培养稳定表达GFP的HEK293细胞。将细胞消化后,向100μl HEK293细胞中加入4μl PI染色液,混合均匀后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序检测细胞转染效率、细胞计数和细胞活率。PI是膜不渗透性染料,仅染色死细胞。在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下,GFP转染细胞被激发出绿色荧光,在绿色通道下,死细胞被激发出红色荧光。
结果
活细胞转染效率=GFP转染细胞/(明场细胞数量-死细胞数量)*100%
细胞转染效率=GFP转染细胞/明场细胞*100%
细胞活率=(明场细胞数量-死细胞数量)/明场细胞*100%
2)RFP转染细胞转染效率和细胞计数
CHO细胞是一种中国仓鼠卵巢细胞,本实施例中用融合了CMV启动子的RFP转染。用RFP检测转染细胞,图像识别所有细胞,检测转染效率和细胞计数。
材料和方法
使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基,在二氧化碳培养箱(5%CO 2,37℃)内培养稳定表达GFP的HEK293细胞。将细胞消化后,混合均匀后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用成像装置和相关程序检测细胞转染效率和细胞计数。在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在绿色通道下,RFP转染细胞被激发出红色荧光。
结果
细胞转染效率=RFP转染细胞/明场细胞*100%
实施例3:细胞凋亡
1)Annexin V-FITC,7AAD的细胞凋亡分析
健康的、未凋亡细胞中磷脂酰丝氨酸(Phosphatidylserine,PS)主要位于细胞膜的内侧,但在细胞凋亡的早期,细胞膜还是完整的,此时PS可从细胞膜的内侧翻转到细胞膜的表面,暴露在细胞外环境中。Annexin V是一种分子量为35~36KD的钙依赖性磷脂结合蛋白,能与PS高亲和力特异性结合,Annexin V已被证实为检测细胞凋亡的有用工具。将Annexin V进行荧光素FITC标记,以标记了的Annexin V作为荧光探针,可检测细胞凋亡的发生。
7-AAD(7-amino-actinomycin D)或PI是核酸染料,不能通过正常质膜,随着细胞凋亡、细胞死亡过程,此类细胞的细胞膜失去完整性,质膜对染料的通透性逐渐增加,结合细胞凋亡中DNA的有控降解,在合适波长激发光的激发下可发出明亮的红色荧光,通过7-AAD标记DNA的强弱,将细胞分群。将Annexin V与7-AAD或PI匹配使用,就可以将早期凋亡、晚期凋亡及坏死细胞区分开来。
材料和方法
CHO细胞接种在6孔板中,密度为200,000细胞/孔,随后将使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基,于二氧化碳培养箱(5%CO 2,37℃)内静置培养24小时。24小时后,去除旧培养基并加入含有一定浓度诺考达唑的新鲜细胞培养液以诱导细胞凋亡。在37℃、5%CO 2培养箱中继续孵育培养板6小时,消化收集细胞。根据细胞凋亡试剂盒操作说明,进行Annexin V-FITC和7-AAD或PI染色。将染色样本混合均匀后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用本发明的光学检测设备、方法和相关程序进行细胞凋亡分析。在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下,Annexin V-FITC染色细胞被激发出绿色荧光,在绿色通道下,晚期凋亡和坏死细胞被激发出红色荧光。
结果
用本发明的光学检测设备和方法,通过成像识别所有细胞。在该装置下发现三种细胞:未被染色的细胞为活细胞,不包含PI染色(红色荧光)但被Annexin V-FITC染色(绿色荧光)的细胞为早期凋亡细胞,被PI和Annexin V-FITC染色的细胞为凋亡或坏死细胞。通过公式计算可获得早期凋亡率、晚期凋亡率和细胞活率结果。
2)检测线粒体膜电位变化检测早期凋亡
线粒体膜电势的破坏是细胞凋亡早期发生的一个标志性事件。细胞受到凋亡诱 导后线粒体膜电位的变化使得膜的通透性发生改变。正常线粒体内,JC-1聚集在线粒体基质中形成聚合物,聚合物发出强烈的红色荧光;不健康的线粒体由于膜电位的下降或丧失,JC-1只能以单体的形式存在于胞浆中,产生绿色荧光。因此颜色的变化非常直接的反映出线粒体膜电位的变化。
为了分析线粒体膜电位变化和由此产生的凋亡,用选定的阳离子染料(如JC-1)培养细胞并用本发明装置在对应波长下进行分析。
材料与方法
CHO细胞接种在6孔板中,密度为200,000细胞/孔,随后将使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基,于二氧化碳培养箱(5%CO 2,37℃)内静置培养24小时。24小时后,去除旧培养基并加入含有一定浓度诺考达唑的新鲜细胞培养液以诱导细胞凋亡。在37℃、5%CO 2培养箱中继续孵育培养板6小时,消化收集细胞。根据线粒体膜电位试剂盒操作说明,使用JC-1使细胞染色10分钟,用PBS重悬待用。将染色样本混合均匀后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用本发明的光学检测设备和方法进行细胞凋亡分析。
结果
通过对红色和绿色荧光定量以鉴别凋亡细胞,同时明场成像识别所有细胞。本发明的光学检测设备和方法可用于鉴别处于凋亡早期的细胞。
实施例4:抗原的检测和定量
放大率低的荧光显微装置对在细胞种群中获得准确的有关抗原(如细胞内和细胞表面蛋白)表达水平的信息很有用。
1)细胞表面标记物(例如CD marker)的检测和定量
可以直接使用识别抗原的荧光偶联一级抗体(如FITC标记的抗体)孵育细胞表面蛋白表达水平,孵育后未结合的抗体被清洗干净,并检测和定量细胞表面标记物荧光。荧光信号的强度与细胞表面的抗原量成比例。如CD分子,包括T细胞的CD3、CD4和CD8,MSC细胞的CD11、CD34、CD45、CD44、CD73、CD90、CD105等;除了评估抗原,还可与其他试剂同时使用获得细胞数量、活率等信息检测。
材料与方法
取培养T细胞进行细胞表面蛋白检测,取出6*105个细胞样本用于CD染色分析。400g离心3min,去上清并加入100微升Cell staining buffer重悬,加入3μl带FITC标记的CD3特异性抗体染色,轻轻混匀,避光孵育30min,400g离心3min,去上清,加入 100微升Cell staining buffer,重悬细胞后进行上样检测。将染色样本混合均匀后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用本发明的光学检测设备、方法和相关程序进行细胞表面标记物的检测和定量分析。在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下,T细胞被染色激发出绿色荧光。
结果
用所述装置分析检测T细胞CD3表面标记物,接近100%细胞均呈现绿色荧光,与预期结果一致,本发明的光学检测设备和方法可用于细胞表面标记物的检测和定量。
2)抗体亲和力检测和定量
免疫荧光法测定细胞水平的抗体亲和力大小是评价抗体效果非常重要的指标。可通过间接免疫荧光法检测不同抗原抗体反应呈现的平均荧光强度直接定量评价抗体亲和力大小,同时也可检测细胞浓度、活率。
材料与方法
使用经改良的CHO细胞系稳定表达X蛋白,用于评价仿制药(一级抗体)的亲和力大小。将CHO细胞消化,测定细胞浓度,调整细胞浓度至1000000个细胞/每个反应,400g离心3min,弃上清,并加入200μl staining buffer重悬细胞。分别使用不同浓度梯度的一级抗体在37℃下孵育1h,孵育后未结合的抗体离心清洗,弃上清,并加入200μl staining buffer重悬细胞,向溶液中加入识别一级抗体的荧光偶联的二级抗体,如Alexa 488,室温避光孵育30分钟,孵育后离心弃上清,将未结合的二级抗体被冲洗干净,并用200μl staining buffer重悬后,将样本一分为二,每组分别有100μl细胞样品,其中一组使用PBS补充至500μl体积,并用流式细胞分析仪进行分析,另外一组加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,进行细胞表面标记物的检测和定量分析细胞荧光强度。
结果
在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下不同浓度一级抗体与细胞结合,产生不同强度荧光。用光学检测设备分析抗体亲和力,与流式细胞分析仪检测结果一致。
3)细胞内抗原表达的检测和定量
将细胞用识别抗原的一级抗体孵育,孵育后未结合的抗体被清洗干净,并向溶液中加入识别一级抗体的荧光偶联的二级抗体(如FITC标记的抗体)。未结合的二级 抗体被冲洗干净并用本发明装置检测和定量细胞内荧光。通过类似的方法,将细胞进行固定和渗透化处理后用对应抗体孵育,可以检测细胞内抗原,检测细胞是否存在因退化或者基因突变导致部分阳性克隆丢失,导致MAb的产量退化严重,进行细胞株稳定性鉴定评估。荧光信号的强度与细胞内的抗原量成比例。此方法可用于检测和定量不同的细胞内抗原。除了评估抗原,还可与其他试剂同时使用获得细胞数量、活率等信息检测。
材料与方法
使用可稳定表达X蛋白的CHO细胞株,测定细胞浓度2*106个/反应,400g 3min离心去上清,加入1000μlPBS清洗一遍,离心,弃上清;使用BD Cytofix/CytopermTM Fixation/Permeabilization Solution Kit进行固定和打孔,按Protocal处理30min;样品离心,弃上清,加入PBS清洗一遍,再各加入PBS重悬,每组细胞加入固定体积抗体anti-Fab‘-FITC,4℃避光孵育30分钟;离心,弃上清,加入1000μlPBS重悬,混匀后一分为二,一组进行流式细胞分析仪检测,另外一组样品浓缩至200μl后加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备的进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并进行检测和定量分析细胞荧光强度。
结果
在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下抗体与细胞结合产生荧光,已退化细胞不产生荧光,计算可产生荧光细胞所占比例,即为阳性细胞株所占比例。用光学检测设备进行细胞内抗原表达的检测和定量,与流式细胞分析仪检测结果一致。
实施例5:细胞杀伤
通过使用无毒、非放射性CFSE或Calcein AM染色或GFP靶向肿瘤细胞,监测CAR-T细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。活靶向癌细胞在荧光装置下呈现绿色荧光,死靶向癌细胞不能保留绿色荧光,靶向细胞与效应细胞作用预定时间后,加入PI染料,即可染色死细胞(T细胞和肿瘤细胞)。
材料与方法
收集靶标细胞(K562),细胞个数为4*107个;将细胞浓度调至为1×106/mL,向细胞溶液中加入一定浓度CFSE染色液,并在37℃,5%CO 2培养箱中间歇混合孵育30分钟;300g离心3分钟,去除上清,加入约18mL含血清培养基,测试细胞浓度至2*106个/mL;向12孔板中种入1×106个靶标细胞/孔(约500μl靶标细胞),按效:靶比例 (E:T比率)分别为5:1,1:1和0.5:1,每孔加入相应数量的效应细胞,即效应细胞个数5×106,1×106和0.5×106(若原效应细胞浓度为1*107/mL,则分别加入效应细胞500μl,100μl,50μl,并用培养基定容至每孔终体积为1mL),每个组重复3个孔,同时,仅含培养基和细胞的组作为对照组。在加入效应细胞4h后进行细胞收集;取出细胞悬液,100μl体积细胞悬液中加入1μlPI染色液;吹打均匀,将样品加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,进行检测分析。其中,在明场通道下,所有细胞被成像并识别,在蓝色通道下,活靶向癌细胞被激发出绿色荧光,在绿色通道下,死细胞被激发出红色荧光。
结果
通过染色PI的细胞为死细胞以排除死细胞产生自发荧光,绿色荧光细胞个数可准确代表活靶向癌细胞个数,计算不同效靶比下活靶向癌细胞个数与对照组活靶向癌细胞之间的差值,可精准获得细胞杀伤的细胞个数,通过公式细胞杀伤率=(对照组活靶向癌细胞个数-样品组活靶向癌细胞个数)/对照组活靶向癌细胞个数*100%。用所述光学检测设备进行细胞杀伤检测可有效避免荧光素无法完全释放,离心等引入的检测误差。
实施例6:细胞周期
1)量化哺乳动物细胞中的DNA含量
碘化丙啶(PropidiumIodide,简称PI)是一种双链DNA的荧光染料。PI和双链DNA结合后可以产生荧光,PI染色细胞的整体荧光强度与DNA的含量有化学计量关系。细胞内的DNA被碘化丙啶染色后,可以对细胞进行DNA含量测定,然后根据DNA含量的分布情况,可以进行细胞周期分析。
本实施例中,使用PI作为DNA染色剂以测量黏附细胞系、悬浮细胞系、MCF-7、Jurket等细胞中DNA的含量,并分析细胞周期结果。
材料与方法
使用含10%胎牛血清DMEM培养基,于二氧化碳培养箱(5%CO 2,37℃)内静置培养HEK293细胞,当细胞生长到汇合度90%左右,用PBS清洗细胞,使用胰蛋白酶进行细胞消化离心收集。
每个细胞样品收集约100万个细胞于1.5mL离心管内;400g离心3-5分钟,沉淀细胞。吸除上清,加入约500μl冰浴预冷的PBS,重悬细胞。再次离心沉淀细胞,小心吸除上清,轻弹离心管底以适当分散细胞,避免细胞成团。加入500μl冰浴预冷60%乙醇 于离心管中,轻轻吹打混匀,4℃固定2小时及以上。
以400g左右离心3-5分钟,沉淀细胞,加入约200μl冰浴预冷的PBS,重悬细胞,再次离心沉淀细胞,小心吸除上清后将细胞重悬于PI染色溶液(200μl含0.1%(V/V)Triton X-100的PBS中加入20ugRNA酶和2ug碘化丙啶),于37℃下避光孵育30分钟,然后将样本混合均匀后一分为二,每组分别有100μl细胞样品,其中一组使用PBS补充至500μl体积,并用流式细胞分析仪进行分析,另外一组加入进样管中,并放置在光学检测设备进样口,光学检测设备可以通过移液装置将样品自动加入未染料的耗材中,并使用本发明光学检测设备、方法和相关程序进行分析。
结果
用本申请的光学检测设备分析PI染色的HEK293细胞,在使用流式软件分析的基础上,可获得准确的细胞内DNA含量数据,并进一步形成细胞周期结果。该结果与流式细胞分析仪结果相当。因此该光学检测设备可用于细胞周期分析。
2)药物对哺乳动物细胞中的DNA含量的影响
材料与方法
HEK293细胞在培养至汇合度约50%时,通过血清饥饿或使用一定浓度诺考达唑或喜树碱等作用后,使用胰蛋白酶进行细胞消化离心收集。使用PI染色定量细胞中DNA含量的方式进行细胞分析。
结果
与哺乳动物细胞细胞周期检测方法一致,用本发明的光学检测设备分析药物哺乳动物细胞周期影响,在使用流式软件分析的基础上,可获得准确的细胞内DNA含量数据,其结果与流式细胞分析仪结果相当。因此本发明的光学检测设备能用于研究不同药物作用对细胞周期的影响。
在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。
在说明书及权利要求中的词语“前”、“后”、“顶”、“底”、“之上”、“之下”等,如果存在的话,用于描述性的目的而并不一定用于描述不变的相对位置。应当理解,这样使用的词语在适当的情况下是可互换的,使得在此所描述的本公开的实施例,例如,能够在与在此所示出的或另外描述的那些取向不同的其他取向上操作。
如在此所使用的,词语“示例性的”意指“用作示例、实例或说明”,而不是作 为将被精确复制的“模型”。在此示例性描述的任意实现方式并不一定要被解释为比其它实现方式优选的或有利的。而且,本公开不受在上述技术领域、背景技术、发明内容或具体实施方式中所给出的任何所表述的或所暗示的理论所限定。
如在此所使用的,词语“基本上”意指包含由设计或制造的缺陷、器件或元件的容差、环境影响和/或其它因素所致的任意微小的变化。词语“基本上”还允许由寄生效应、噪音以及可能存在于实际的实现方式中的其它实际考虑因素所致的与完美的或理想的情形之间的差异。
上述描述可以指示被“连接”或“耦合”在一起的元件或节点或特征。如在此所使用的,除非另外明确说明,“连接”意指一个元件/节点/特征与另一种元件/节点/特征在电学上、机械上、逻辑上或以其它方式直接地连接(或者直接通信)。类似地,除非另外明确说明,“耦合”意指一个元件/节点/特征可以与另一元件/节点/特征以直接的或间接的方式在机械上、电学上、逻辑上或以其它方式连结以允许相互作用,即使这两个特征可能并没有直接连接也是如此。也就是说,“耦合”意图包含元件或其它特征的直接连结和间接连结,包括利用一个或多个中间元件的连接。
还应理解,“包括/包含”一词在本文中使用时,说明存在所指出的特征、整体、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件,但是并不排除存在或增加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件以及/或者它们的组合。
本领域技术人员应当意识到,在上述操作之间的边界仅仅是说明性的。多个操作可以结合成单个操作,单个操作可以分布于附加的操作中,并且操作可以在时间上至少部分重叠地执行。而且,另选的实施例可以包括特定操作的多个实例,并且在其他各种实施例中可以改变操作顺序。但是,其它的修改、变化和替换同样是可能的。因此,本说明书和附图应当被看作是说明性的,而非限制性的。
虽然已经通过示例对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明,但是本领域的技术人员应该理解,以上示例仅是为了进行说明,而不是为了限制本公开的范围。在此公开的各实施例可以任意组合,而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。本领域的技术人员还应理解,可以对实施例进行多种修改而不脱离本公开的范围和精神。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (56)

  1. 一种光源装置,其特征在于,所述光源装置包括:
    照明光源,所述照明光源被配置为产生照明光;以及
    光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,所述光阑包括:
    遮光屏,所述遮光屏被配置为遮挡部分照明光;
    第一透光部,所述第一透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第一透光部覆盖所述光阑的中心,所述第一透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成明场照明;以及
    第二透光部,所述第二透光部开设在所述遮光屏上,且所述第二透光部位于所述第一透光部的外围,所述第二透光部被配置为使部分照明光透过以形成暗场照明。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一透光部的外侧边缘与所述光阑的中心之间的距离R1、所述光阑与所述样品位置之间的距离l以及被配置为与所述光源装置配合使用的物镜的数值孔径n之间满足以下关系:
    R1≤l·tg[arcsin(n)/3]。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第二透光部的内侧边缘与所述光阑的中心之间的距离R2、所述光阑与所述样品位置之间的距离l以及被配置为与所述光源装置配合使用的物镜的数值孔径n之间满足以下关系:
    R2>l·tg[arcsin(n)]。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述遮光屏包括围绕所述光阑的中心的环状遮光部。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一透光部包括从所述光阑的中心向外扩展的圆形通光孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第二透光部包括围绕所述光阑的中心布置的一个或多个通光缝。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置,其特征在于,通光缝包括弧形通光缝。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置,其特征在于,多个通光缝围绕所述光阑的中心呈环状布置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第二透光部包括围绕所述光阑的中心布置的一个或多个通光孔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光源装置,其特征在于,通光孔包括圆形通光孔。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的光源装置,其特征在于,多个通光孔围绕所述光阑的中心均匀分布。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光阑包括可调光阑,所述可调光阑的第一透光部和第二透光部中的至少一者的透光范围能够被改变。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光源装置还包括:
    第一透镜,所述第一透镜设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,且所述第一透镜被配置为将照明光会聚在所述样品位置处。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一透镜设于所述光阑和所述样品位置之间。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光源装置还包括:
    光衰减件,所述光衰减件设于所述照明光源的出射光路上,且所述光衰减件被配置为减小照明光的亮度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光衰减件包括以下中的至少一种:
    磨玻璃片;以及
    偏振片。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光衰减件设于以下位置中的至少一处:
    在所述照明光源和所述光阑之间;以及
    在所述光阑和所述第一透镜之间。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述照明光源包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种。
  19. 一种光源装置,其特征在于,所述光源装置包括:
    第一光源组件,所述第一光源组件被配置为产生沿第一方向传播的第一出射光;
    第二光源组件,所述第二光源组件被配置为产生沿第二方向传播的第二出射光,其中,所述第二方向与所述第一方向彼此相交;以及
    第一二向色镜,所述第一二向色镜设于所述第一方向与所述第二方向相交的位置处,且所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述第一出射光的至少一部分透射以继续沿所述第一方向传播,并将所述第二出射光的至少一部分反射成沿所述第一方向传播,其中,所述第一出射光的被透射的一部分处于第一波段,所述第二出射光的被反射的一部分处于第二波段,且所述第一波段与所述第二波段彼此分离。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一出射光为照明光,所述第一光源组件为照明光源组件,且所述第二出射光为激发光,所述第二光源组件为激发光源组件;或者
    所述第一出射光为激发光,所述第一光源组件为激发光源组件,且所述第二出射光为照明光,所述第二光源组件为照明光源组件。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的光源装置,其特征在于,当所述第一出射光为照明光、所述第二出射光为激发光时,所述第一波段的最小波长大于所述第二波段的最大波长;以及
    当所述第一出射光为激发光、所述第二出射光为照明光时,所述第一波段的最大波 长小于所述第二波段的最小波长。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述照明光源组件包括:
    照明光源;以及
    光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源和所述第一二向色镜之间,所述光阑被配置为遮挡所述照明光源所产生的光的至少一部分。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述照明光源组件还包括:
    第二透镜,所述第二透镜设于所述照明光源和所述光阑之间,所述第二透镜被配置为使所述照明光源所产生的光准直。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述照明光源包括热辐射光源和发光二极管中的至少一种。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光阑包括遮光屏以及开设在所述遮光屏上的多个通光孔,其中,所述多个通光孔中的一个通光孔开设在所述遮光屏的中心位置,所述多个通光孔中的其它通光孔围绕处于中心位置的通光孔均匀分布。
  26. 根据权利要求22所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光阑包括遮光屏以及开设在所述遮光屏上的通光狭缝,其中,所述通光狭缝围绕所述遮光屏的中心位置呈环状分布。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光阑还包括开设在所述遮光屏的中心位置的通光孔。
  28. 根据权利要求22所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光阑包括可调光阑,所述可调光阑被配置为使所述照明光源所产生的光的通过所述光阑的部分能够被改变。
  29. 根据权利要求20所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述激发光源组件包括:
    激发光源;以及
    第一滤光件,所述第一滤光件设于所述激发光源和所述第一二向色镜之间,所述第 一滤光件被配置为对所述激发光源所产生的光进行滤光。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述激发光源组件还包括:
    第三透镜,所述第三透镜设于所述激发光源和所述第一滤光件之间,所述第三透镜被配置为使所述激发光源所产生的光准直。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述激发光源包括发光二极管和激光器中的至少一种。
  32. 根据权利要求29所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一滤光件包括带通滤光片。
  33. 根据权利要求19所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一方向与所述第二方向彼此垂直。
  34. 根据权利要求19所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述第一出射光和所述第二出射光相对于所述第一二向色镜的入射角均为45度。
  35. 根据权利要求19所述的光源装置,其特征在于,所述光源装置还包括:
    第四透镜,所述第四透镜设于所述第一二向色镜和样品位置之间,所述第四透镜被配置为将所述第一出射光会聚到所述样品位置,和/或将所述第二出射光会聚到所述样品位置。
  36. 一种显微设备,其特征在于,所述显微设备包括根据权利要求1至35中任一项所述的光源装置。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的显微设备,其特征在于,所述显微设备还包括物镜,所述物镜与所述光源装置关于所述样品位置相对地设置。
  38. 一种光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光学检测设备包括根据权利要求1至35 中任一项所述的光源装置。
  39. 一种光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光学检测设备包括:
    光源装置,所述光源装置被配置为产生激发光,所述激发光的至少一部分能够激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号,其中,所述第三波段与所述第四波段彼此分离,且所述第三波段的最大波长小于所述第四波段的最小波长;
    第二滤光件,所述第二滤光件设于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号所在的光路上,且所述第二滤光件被配置为使处于所述第三波段和所述第四波段的光通过,并滤除其它波段的光;以及
    检测装置,所述检测装置设于所述第二滤光件的出射光路上,且所述检测装置被配置为响应于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号产生检测信号。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光源装置包括:
    激发光源,所述激发光源被配置为产生所述激发光;以及
    第一滤光件,所述第一滤光件设于所述激发光源和样品位置之间,所述第一滤光件被配置为使所述激发光中的处于第五波段的光通过,并滤除所述激发光中的其它波段的光;
    其中,所述第五波段的最大波长小于或等于所述第三波段的最小波长。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述第三波段被包括在500~550nm的范围中,所述第四波段被包括在600~650nm的范围中,以及所述第五波段被包括在450~500nm的范围中。
  42. 根据权利要求40所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光源装置还包括:
    照明光源,所述照明光源被配置为产生照明光,所述照明光能够对处于所述样品位置的待测样品进行照明;以及
    光阑,所述光阑设于所述照明光源和所述样品位置之间,所述光阑能够遮挡所述照明光的一部分以形成相衬照明。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述照明光与所述激发光 彼此呈角度;
    所述光源装置还包括:
    第一二向色镜,所述第一二向色镜设于所述照明光与所述激发光相交的位置处;
    其中,所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述照明光的至少一部分透射,并将所述激发光的至少一部分反射到所述照明光所在的方向上;或者所述第一二向色镜被配置为使所述激发光的至少一部分透射,并将所述照明光的至少一部分反射到所述激发光所在的方向上。
  44. 根据权利要求39所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光源装置包括热辐射光源、发光二极管和激光器中的至少一者。
  45. 根据权利要求39所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光学检测设备还包括:
    转向装置,所述转向装置设于所述光源装置和所述检测装置之间,且所述转向装置被配置为改变光的传播方向。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述转向装置包括:
    反射镜,所述反射镜设于所述光源装置和所述样品位置之间,且所述反射镜被配置为将所述激发光反射到所述样品位置上。
  47. 根据权利要求45所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述转向装置包括:
    第二二向色镜,所述第二二向色镜被配置为将所述激发光反射到所述样品位置上,并使所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号透射到所述检测装置上。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述第二滤光件设于所述第二二向色镜和检测装置之间。
  49. 根据权利要求47所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述第二二向色镜呈长方体块状设置。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述第二滤光件贴合于所 述第二二向色镜的第一表面上,所述光源装置的第一滤光件贴合于所述第二二向色镜的垂直于所述第一表面的第二表面上。
  51. 根据权利要求50所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述第二二向色镜的反射面与所述第一表面和所述第二表面均呈45度角。
  52. 根据权利要求39所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述检测装置包括成像装置,所述成像装置被配置为基于所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号成像。
  53. 根据权利要求52所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述成像装置包括电荷耦合器件和互补金属氧化物半导体器件中的至少一种。
  54. 根据权利要求39所述的光学检测设备,其特征在于,所述光学检测设备还包括:
    存储器,所述存储器与所述检测装置通信地连接,所述存储器被配置为存储检测信号;和/或
    处理器,所述处理器与所述检测装置通信地连接,所述处理器被配置为对所述检测信号进行处理。
  55. 一种光学检测方法,其特征在于,所述光学检测方法包括:
    采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品,其中,处于第五波段的光能够激发出处于第三波段的第一光信号和处于第四波段的第二光信号,所述第三波段与所述第四波段彼此分离,且所述第三波段的最大波长小于所述第四波段的最小波长,所述第五波段的最大波长小于或等于所述第三波段的最小波长;以及
    检测来自所述待测样品的第一光信号和第二光信号。
  56. 根据权利要求55所述的光学检测方法,其特征在于,在采用处于第五波段的光激发待测样品之前,所述光学检测方法还包括:
    采用预定染料对待测样品进行染色。
PCT/CN2021/076825 2020-12-28 2021-02-19 光源装置、显微设备、光学检测设备和光学检测方法 WO2022141773A1 (zh)

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