WO2022135606A1 - 半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺 - Google Patents

半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022135606A1
WO2022135606A1 PCT/CN2021/141976 CN2021141976W WO2022135606A1 WO 2022135606 A1 WO2022135606 A1 WO 2022135606A1 CN 2021141976 W CN2021141976 W CN 2021141976W WO 2022135606 A1 WO2022135606 A1 WO 2022135606A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
immersed tube
floating body
integrated ship
immersed
body structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/141976
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李一勇
张乃受
杜闯
李增军
付院平
冯玉玺
张健宁
Original Assignee
中交第一航务工程局有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202120852963.XU external-priority patent/CN214524328U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110440615.6A external-priority patent/CN113148028A/zh
Application filed by 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 filed Critical 中交第一航务工程局有限公司
Priority to JP2022560475A priority Critical patent/JP7291302B2/ja
Priority to EP21909601.3A priority patent/EP4098541B1/en
Publication of WO2022135606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022135606A1/zh
Priority to US17/945,094 priority patent/US11674283B2/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
    • E02D29/073—Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/08—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of winches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/36—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for floating cargo

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of underwater tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated ship and a construction process.
  • the present application provides a semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated ship and a construction process.
  • a first aspect of the present application discloses a semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated vessel, comprising:
  • Two floating body structures which can carry water in ballast; taking the vertical plane where the centerline of the length direction of the integrated ship is located as the reference plane, the two floating body structures are arranged symmetrically and parallel to the reference plane, and the two floating body structures are arranged in parallel.
  • the upper or top surface of the structure is connected by said deck structure;
  • a trustee further includes:
  • a drive assembly configured to drive the support assembly against or out of the floating body structure where it is located;
  • the support assembly When the support assembly protrudes from the floating body structure, the support assembly can be supported on the bottom surface of the sinking tube, and the space above the support assembly, below the deck structure and between the two floating body structures is configured to accommodate the sinker. Tube carrying space.
  • each floating body structure is provided with a cavity structure capable of accommodating ballast water, and the diving and floating of the floating body structure are controlled by controlling the amount of ballast water in the cavity structure.
  • the floating body structure is installed with a ballast water system, and the ballast water system controls the diving and floating of the floating body structure by controlling the amount of ballast water in the cavity structure.
  • the support assembly further comprises: a support leg, the top surface of which is used to support the immersed pipe; and a rotating shaft, arranged vertically, for rotatably connecting the support leg and the corresponding floating body structure; the drive The components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the supporting legs, so as to drive the supporting legs to rotate around the rotating shaft.
  • the end of the rotating shaft is connected to the corresponding floating body structure through a bearing
  • the driving assembly further includes: a hydraulic motor, the body of which is fixedly mounted on the floating body structure, and the driving shaft of which is vertically arranged; a first gear, coaxially arranged with the drive shaft and sleeved and fixed on the drive shaft; and a second gear coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft and sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft; the second gear is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft;
  • the first gear is meshed.
  • the side wall of the floating body structure is provided with a receiving groove, and the receiving groove and the supporting leg are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the rotating shaft is located in the corresponding receiving groove, and the supporting leg can be rotated into the receiving groove along with the rotating shaft in the slot.
  • the floating body structure is provided with a sealed electronic compartment for installing the driving assembly, and the sealed electronic compartment is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the driving assembly.
  • the support leg further comprises: a mounting seat, fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating shaft; and a jack, the cylinder bottom of which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting seat, and the piston rod of which is vertically upwardly arranged .
  • a backing plate is fixedly installed on the top surface of the piston rod.
  • the backing plate is a rubber plate.
  • the deck structure is fixedly connected to the two floating body structures through a detachable truss connection structure.
  • the truss connection structure includes an upper connection plate, a truss structure and a lower connection plate, the upper connection plate is connected to the deck structure, and the lower connection plate is respectively connected to the two floating body structures.
  • the integrated vessel further includes a cable system arranged on the deck structure for strengthening the connection between the immersed tube and the integrated vessel.
  • a second aspect of the present application discloses a construction process for immersed tube transportation and installation, using the above-mentioned semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated ship, and the construction process comprises the following steps:
  • the immersed tube After the prefabrication of the immersed tube is completed, the immersed tube is in place and twisted to the position of the diving pit;
  • the driving component drives the supporting component to extend out of the floating body structure, so that the supporting component is located below the bottom surface of the immersed tube;
  • the two floating body structures drain and float synchronously, so that the integrated ship floats smoothly.
  • the top surface of the support assembly is gradually contacted and stressed with the bottom surface of the immersed tube to support the immersed tube, and the integrated ship continues to float up to the integrated ship. After the immersed tube as a whole meets the waterway draft requirements, the floating body structure stops drainage;
  • the integrated ship is towed by a tugboat, and the integrated ship drives the immersed pipe to move synchronously through the friction force between the support assembly and the immersed pipe, so as to transport the immersed pipe to the sinking installation position;
  • ballast water is injected into the floating structure of the integrated ship, so that the integrated ship carries the immersed tube synchronously and smoothly to dive, and then dives to the space between the support assembly and the immersed tube
  • the integrated ship continues to dive for a short distance to ensure that the support assembly is completely separated from the bottom surface of the immersed tube, and then stops the injection and diving, releases the connection between the integrated ship and the immersed tube, and the drive assembly drives the the support assembly retracts back against the floating body structure;
  • the two floating structures are synchronously drained and floated, so that the one-piece ship floats smoothly to the normal position, adjust the anchor cable, twist the one-piece ship, drive the immersed pipe to the position to be installed through the cable system, and adjust the ballast of the immersed pipe Water volume and cable system, smoothly lower the immersed tube, and complete the installation of the immersed tube.
  • At least one embodiment of the present application provides a semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated vessel and a construction process.
  • the integrated ship can reduce the draft after the hull is loaded with the immersed tube, can realize the immersed tube transportation in the shallow water channel, reduce the dredging amount of the channel, can effectively reduce the construction cost, and improve the construction efficiency and economic benefits.
  • the integrated ship can reduce the draft after the hull is loaded with the immersed tube, can realize the immersed tube transportation in the shallow water channel, reduce the dredging amount of the channel, can effectively reduce the construction cost, and improve the construction efficiency and economic benefits.
  • the integrated ship of at least one embodiment of the present application has a semi-submersible function.
  • the integrated ship can provide greater buoyancy, and the supporting mechanism can support the immersed tubes, which can reduce the integration of the immersed tubes during transportation.
  • the overall draft of the ship and the immersed tube can meet the transportation requirements of shallow water channels, greatly reduce the amount of dredging in the channel, and save construction costs.
  • the support legs of the support mechanism are provided with a jack structure to support the immersed tube, and the leveling can be achieved by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the piston rods of the jacks of the plurality of support legs, so as to ensure that the bottom surface of the immersed tube is in contact with all the outriggers.
  • the force is uniform to avoid damage to the immersed tube or equipment caused by uneven local force.
  • At least one embodiment of the present application adopts a truss connection structure to connect the floating body structure and the deck structure, so that the two floating body structures and the deck structure can be easily disassembled and assembled, and it is convenient to carry out hull reconstruction, change the width of the hull, and adapt to the transportation and installation of immersed tubes of different sizes. , to improve the application value of the integrated ship.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic bottom view of an integrated ship according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the integrated ship transporting immersed tubes according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-side structure of an integrated ship according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 3 (in storage state);
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an integrated ship according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 5 (extended state);
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the control connection of the control unit.
  • first and second are only used for description purposes, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection.
  • Ground connection it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication between two components, and in some embodiments, it can also be an electrical connection.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood in specific situations.
  • the first embodiment of the present application provides a semi-submersible immersed tube transportation and installation integrated vessel (hereinafter may be referred to as an integrated vessel), including a deck structure 1 for connecting the integrated vessel and the immersed vessel.
  • the pipe-to-vessel connection structure 3 of the pipe 2 the two floating body structures 4 arranged in parallel, and the two supporting mechanisms 5; Relative settings.
  • the first supporting mechanism 51 is located at the inner side of the first floating body structure 41
  • the second supporting mechanism 52 is located at the inner side of the second floating body structure 42 , and the two are oppositely arranged.
  • Each buoyant structure 4 can carry water in ballast to control its diving and buoyancy. Taking the vertical plane where the centerline of the length direction of the integrated ship is located as the reference plane X (as shown in Figures 1 and 2), the two buoyant structures 4 are opposite to each other. Symmetrically arranged on the reference plane X, the top surfaces (or upper parts) of the two floating body structures 4 are connected by the deck structure 1 , as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the deck structure 1 may be one, or two or more as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 .
  • the immersed pipe installation equipment can be installed on the deck structure 1 for the installation work after the immersed pipe reaches the destination; the immersed pipe installation equipment adopts the existing equipment, such as the installation system and method disclosed in CN103912013A, and the immersed pipe installation disclosed in CN106592633A device and method.
  • each supporting mechanism 5 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the reference plane X, and each supporting mechanism 5 is provided at the lower part (or bottom) of the corresponding floating body structure 4 .
  • Each supporting mechanism 5 includes: at least two supporting assemblies 6 , and a driving assembly 7 connected with the supporting assemblies 6 for driving the supporting assemblies 6 to abut against or extend out of the floating body structure 4 where they are located.
  • the left side of FIG. 1 exemplarily shows the manner in which each support assembly 6 (13 in total) of the first support mechanism 51 abuts against the first floating body structure 41 ; the right side of FIG. 1 exemplarily shows the second support
  • Each support assembly 6 (13 in total) of the support mechanism 52 protrudes out of the second floating body structure 42 .
  • the support assemblies 6 of the two supporting mechanisms are generally abutted on the corresponding floating body structure at the same time, so as to accommodate the sinkers to be transported. Tube or release the immersed tube transported in place; or at the same time protrude from the corresponding floating body structure to support and transport the immersed tube.
  • the support assembly 6 is in contact with the floating body structure 4, the distance between the support assemblies on the two floating body structures 4 is greater than the width of the immersed tube 2, which does not affect the diving of the integrated ship above the immersed tube 2; when the support assembly 6 extends out of the floating body structure 1 , the support components 6 of the two floating body structures 4 can simultaneously support the bottom surface of the immersed tube 2.
  • the space above the supporting components 6, below the deck structure 1 and between the two floating body structures 4 constitutes a space for accommodating the immersed tube 2.
  • the construction process for transporting and installing the immersed pipe by the above-mentioned integrated ship includes the following steps:
  • the drive assembly 7 drives the support assembly 6 to extend out of the floating body structure 4, so that the support assembly 6 is located below the bottom surface of the immersed tube 2;
  • S6 The integrated ship is towed by a tugboat, and the integrated ship drives the immersed pipe 2 to move synchronously through the friction force of the support assembly 6 and the immersed pipe 2, so as to transport the immersed pipe 2 to the sinking installation position;
  • ballast water is injected into each floating structure 4 of the integrated ship, so that the integrated ship carries the immersed tube 2 synchronously and smoothly dives, and then dives to the support component 6 and the immersed tube
  • the integrated ship continues to dive for a short distance to ensure that the support assembly 6 is completely separated from the bottom surface of the immersed tube 2, and then stops the water injection and diving, and releases the integrated ship and the bottom surface of the immersed tube 2.
  • the drive assembly 7 drives the support assembly 6 to retract back and abut against the floating body structure 4;
  • the two floating body structures 4 are synchronously drained and floated, so that the integrated ship floats up to the normal position smoothly, adjust the anchor cable, twist the integrated ship, drive the immersed tube 2 to move to the position to be installed through the cable system, and adjust the ballast water volume of the immersed tube 2 and cable system, and use the immersed tube installation equipment to smoothly lower the immersed tube 2 to complete the installation of the immersed tube 2.
  • the above-mentioned integrated ship has two large floating body structures 4 .
  • Each floating body structure 4 is provided with a cavity structure 43, and by controlling the amount of water in the cavity structure 43, the diving and floating of the floating body structure 4 can be controlled;
  • the system 14 controls the diving and ascending of the floating body structure 4 by controlling the amount of ballast water in the cavity structure 43 .
  • the function of the ballast water system is to inject ballast water into a ballast tank (ie, a cavity structure) or discharge the ballast water from the ballast tank, so that the ship or the immersed tube can be submerged or floated.
  • a ballast water system includes components such as a ballast tank, a ballast water pump, a valve box and a ballast pipeline, and the ballast water is injected into or discharged from the ballast tank through the water pump, ballast pipeline and other components.
  • the ballast water system in the present embodiment may adopt the ballast water system in the prior art.
  • Ballasting the water through the floating body structure 4 can make the integrated ship have a semi-submersible function.
  • the integrated ship In the process of transporting the immersed tube, the integrated ship can provide greater buoyancy.
  • the supporting mechanism 5 of the integrated ship can support the immersed tube 2, which can reduce the In the process of small transportation, the overall draft of the integrated ship and the immersed tube 2 can meet the transportation requirements of the shallow water channel, greatly reduce the dredging amount of the channel, and save the construction cost; at the same time, the immersed tube can be installed on its deck structure 1.
  • the equipment that is, the immersed pipe installation equipment mentioned above
  • the integrated ship can have the function of the immersed pipe installation ship, which can replace the use of the installation ship, reduce the installation investment, improve the operation efficiency, and have high economic benefits.
  • the integrated vessel further includes a cable system provided on the deck structure 1.
  • the cable system can be used as at least a part of the tube vessel connection structure 3 in step S5 to reinforce the connection between the immersed tube and the integrated vessel.
  • it can be used for the installation and construction of the immersed pipe together with the immersed pipe installation equipment; through the joint action with the immersed pipe installation equipment, the installation of the immersed pipe after reaching the destination is realized.
  • the cable system can use, for example, the pulling and hoisting equipment disclosed in CN110877666A, including a plurality of winches, cranes, and hoisting and hoisting cables; for example, the hoisting winch and hoisting cables disclosed in CN107651120A.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of the support assembly 6 in an embodiment, including: a top surface is used to support the sinker The supporting leg 61 of the tube 2, and a vertically arranged rotating shaft 62; the rotating shaft 62 is used to rotate and connect the supporting leg 61 and the floating body structure 4; the central axis of the rotation.
  • the specific structure of the support leg 61 includes: a mounting seat 611 fixedly installed on the side wall of the rotating shaft 62, and a cylinder bottom fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting seat 611.
  • a jack 612, the jack 612 The piston rod is arranged vertically upward, and the piston rod head is used to support the sinking tube 2 .
  • the leveling can be achieved by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the piston rods of the jacks 612 of the plurality of supporting legs, so as to ensure that the force between the bottom surface of the immersed tube and all the supporting legs is uniform, and local uneven force can be avoided. Cause damage to immersed tubes or equipment.
  • the respective jacks 612 can be electronically controlled hydraulic jacks, which are respectively communicated with the remote control unit 9 (such as 7 ), the lifting and lowering of each jack 612 can be controlled by the control unit 9 .
  • a pressure sensor 10 that communicates with the control unit 9 may be respectively provided between each jack 612 and the immersed tube 2, and the control unit 9 controls each pressure sensor 10 to collect the corresponding pressure data between the jack 612 and the immersed tube 2, and The collected pressure data is transmitted to the control unit 9, and the control unit 9 judges whether the force between the bottom surface of the immersed tube and each support leg is uniform according to the received pressure data, so as to control the lifting and lowering of the corresponding jack 612 to achieve uniform force. .
  • control unit 9 When the control unit 9 controls, it can be realized by programming; for example, one or more related programs are stored in the memory and executed by the control unit 9; the control unit can be one or more processors, or Use PLC, MCU, FPGA, DSP and other hardware devices that can realize related functions.
  • a backing plate 613 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the piston rod of the jack 612, and the backing plate 613 is a rubber plate.
  • the contact between the backing plate 613 and the immersed tube 2 to be transported can increase the friction force and buffer force required for floating, improve the stability of the transportation process and protect the immersed tube.
  • the end of the rotating shaft 62 is connected to the floating body structure 4 through the bearing 11 .
  • the structure of the drive assembly 7 may be shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 , including: a hydraulic motor 71 with a vertical drive shaft 711 , a first hydraulic motor 71 fixed on the drive shaft 711 of the hydraulic motor gear 72 , and a second gear 73 meshing with the first gear 72 .
  • the main body of the hydraulic motor 71 is fixedly installed on the floating body structure 4, the first gear 72 is coaxially arranged with the drive shaft 711 of the hydraulic motor, the second gear 73 is arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 62, and is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft 62 to realize hydraulic pressure Transmission of the motor 71 and the support legs 61 .
  • the hydraulic motor 71 drives the support legs 61 to the state shown on the left side of FIG.
  • the support legs 61 will not affect the diving of the integrated ship above the immersed tube 2; when the hydraulic motor 71 drives the support legs 61 to turn to the right side of Figure 1 (that is, all the support legs extend out of the floating body structure 1, and When the side walls are vertical), the support components 6 of the two floating body structures 4 can support the bottom surface of the sinking tube 2 at the same time, so as to stably lift the sinking tube 2 and reduce the buoyancy required for its floating.
  • the drive assembly 7 can also be configured as a motor directly connected to the rotating shaft 62 , and the rotating shaft 62 is directly driven by the motor to rotate. Whether it is driven by a hydraulic motor 71 or an electric motor, it can be set to be electronically controlled, which is convenient for remote control on the one hand, and convenient for precise control of the rotation angle on the other hand.
  • control unit 9 controls the hydraulic motor 71 or the motor to rotate, and drives the rotating shaft 62 to rotate to 90°, thereby extending the support assembly 6;
  • the control unit 9 controls the hydraulic motor 71 or the motor to rotate in the opposite direction, and drives the rotating shaft 62 to rotate to 0°.
  • the control unit 9 can be realized by programming; one or more relevant programs are stored in the memory and executed by the control unit 9; the control unit 9 can be a processor, and also use a PLC , MCU, FPGA, DSP and other hardware devices that can implement related functions.
  • the side wall of the floating body structure 4 is provided with a receiving groove 12 , the receiving groove 12 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the supporting legs 61 , the rotating shaft 62 is located in the corresponding receiving groove 12 , and the supporting leg 61 can follow the rotating shaft. 62 is turned into the corresponding storage slot 12 (that is, when the support leg 61 is in contact with the floating body structure 4 , it is located in the storage slot 12 ).
  • the tube vessel connection structure 3 may adopt any existing structure capable of strengthening the connection between the immersed tube and the integrated vessel.
  • the buttresses disclosed in CN107651120A may be used to achieve frictional connection between the integrated vessel and the immersed tube, or Further use one of the lashing rods to realize the connection between the two.
  • the aforementioned cable system provided on the deck structure 1 can also be included to achieve further reinforcement by connecting the immersed tube and the integrated vessel.
  • the rotating shaft 62 and the mounting seat 611 are made of steel.
  • the deck structure 1 is fixedly connected to the two floating body structures 4 through a detachable truss connection structure 15.
  • the use of the truss connection structure 15 makes it easy to disassemble and assemble the two floating body structures 4 and the deck structure 1, facilitates hull reconstruction, changes the hull width, adapts to the transportation and installation of immersed tubes 2 of different sizes, and improves the application value of the integrated ship.
  • the truss connection structure 15 includes an upper connection plate structure 151, a truss structure 152 and a lower connection plate structure 153, the upper connection plate structure 151 is connected with the deck structure 1, and the lower connection plate structure 153 is connected with the floating body structure. 4 are connected.

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Abstract

一种半潜式沉管运输安装一体船包括：一个甲板结构（1）、可加压载水的两个浮体结构（41、42）以及两个承托机构（51、52）。两个浮体结构（41、42）的上部或顶面通过甲板结构（1）连接；两个承托机构（51、52）分设于两个浮体结构（41、42）的相对侧且对称设置。两个承托机构（51、52）设于两个浮体结构（41、42）下部或底部。在运输沉管过程中，利用一体船可以提供较大的浮力，且承托机构可托举沉管，能够减小运输过程中一体船和沉管整体的吃水深度，满足浅水航道的运输要求，降低航道的挖泥量，节约施工成本。

Description

半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺
本申请要求在2021年04月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110440615.6、发明名称为“半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺”；申请号为202120852963.X、发明名称为“半潜式沉管运输安装一体船”；的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于水下隧道施工技术领域，具体涉及半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺。
背景技术
沉管隧道是目前国内外跨河、跨海隧道经常采用的结构形式。超级工程港珠澳大桥的成功建成，推动了中国沉管隧道工程飞跃式发展，继港珠澳大桥工程之后，深中通道、大连湾海底隧道等超级工程建设相继展开。
沉管隧道的沉管管段运输安装需要专用装备，但是，采用常规的沉管运输设备将沉管输运至浅水区时，运输环境无法达到运输设备承载沉管后的吃水要求，导致常规的运输设备无法实现浅水区的沉管运输，往往需要挖泥，增加水深。为了提高施工效率，降低施工成本，需要研发一种可以实现浅水航道的沉管运输的运输设备。
发明内容
针对现有技术的一些不足，本申请提供了半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及 施工工艺。
本申请第一方面公开了一种半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，包括：
一个甲板结构，
两个浮体结构，可加压载水；以一体船长度方向中心线所在竖直平面作为参考面，所述两个浮体结构相对于所述参考面对称设置且平行设置，所述两个浮体结构的上部或顶面通过所述甲板结构连接；以及
两个承托机构，分设于两个浮体结构的相对侧，且所述两个承托机构相对于所述参考面对称设置，各个承托机构设于对应浮体结构下部或底部；其中，每个承托机构进一步包括：
至少两个支撑组件；
驱动组件，配置为驱动所述支撑组件贴靠或伸出其所在浮体结构；
所述支撑组件伸出浮体结构时，所述支撑组件可承托于沉管底面，且所述支撑组件上方、所述甲板结构下方和所述两个浮体结构之间的空间构成用于容纳沉管的运载空间。
可选地，各个浮体结构内设有能够容纳压载水的空腔结构，通过控制空腔结构内的压载水量而控制浮体结构的下潜和上浮。可选地，所述浮体结构安装有压载水系统，所述压载水系统通过控制空腔结构内压载水量控制所述浮体结构的下潜和上浮。
可选地，所述支撑组件进一步包括：一个支撑腿，其顶面用于承托沉管；以及一个转轴，竖直设置，用于转动连接所述支撑腿和对应的浮体结构；所述驱动组件与所述支撑腿一一对应设置，以驱动支撑腿绕转轴转动。
可选地，所述转轴端部通过轴承连接对应的浮体结构，所述驱动组件进一步包括：一液压马达，其本体固定安装于所述浮体结构，其驱动轴竖直设置；一第一齿轮，与所述驱动轴同轴设置，且套设固定在所述驱动轴上；以及一第二齿轮，与转轴同轴设置，且套设固定在所述转轴上；所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相啮合。
可选地，所述浮体结构侧壁设有收纳槽，所述收纳槽与所述支撑腿一一对应设置；所述转轴位于对应的收纳槽内，且所述支撑腿可随转轴转入收纳槽内。
可选地，所述浮体结构内设有用于安装所述驱动组件的密封电子仓，所述密封电子仓与所述驱动组件一一对应设置。
可选地，所述支撑腿进一步包括：一安装座，固定安装于所述转轴侧壁；及一千斤顶，其缸底固定安装于所述安装座的顶面，且其活塞杆竖直向上设置。
可选地，所述活塞杆的顶面固定安装有垫板。可选地，所述垫板为橡胶板。
可选地，所述甲板结构通过可拆卸的桁架连接结构与两个浮体结构固定连接。可选地，所述桁架连接结构包括上连接板、桁架结构和下连接板，所述上连接板与甲板结构相连，所述下连接板分别与两个浮体结构相连。
可选地，所述一体船还包括设于所述甲板结构上的缆索系统，用于加固沉管和一体船连接。
本申请第二方面公开了一种沉管运输安装施工工艺，采用上述的半潜式 沉管运输安装一体船，所述施工工艺包括以下步骤：
沉管预制完成后，沉管就位，绞移至下潜坑位置；
沉管就位后，将所述一体船移至指定位置，使其跨在沉管上方；
向所述一体船的浮体结构注入压载水，使两个浮体结构同步下潜，以保证一体船结构平稳下潜，下潜过程中所述支撑组件处于贴靠所述浮体结构状态；直至所述支撑组件的顶面低于沉管底面后，停止下潜；
所述驱动组件驱动所述支撑组件伸出所述浮体结构，使所述支撑组件处于沉管底面下方；
两个浮体结构同步排水上浮，使所述一体船平稳上浮，所述支撑组件的顶面逐渐与沉管底面接触、受力，以承托沉管，所述一体船持续上浮至所述一体船与沉管整体满足航道吃水要求后，所述浮体结构停止排水；
通过拖轮拖拽所述一体船，所述一体船通过所述支撑组件与沉管的摩擦力带动沉管同步运动，以将沉管运输至沉放安装位置；
载有沉管的所述一体船在就位锚固后，向所述一体船的浮体结构注入压载水，使一体船携带沉管同步平稳下潜，当下潜至所述支撑组件与沉管间作用力为零时，一体船继续短距离下潜以保证所述支撑组件与沉管底面完全分离后，停止注水下潜，解除所述一体船与沉管的连接，所述驱动组件驱动所述支撑组件收缩回贴靠所述浮体结构；
两个所述浮体结构同步排水上浮，使所述一体船平稳上浮至正常位置后，调整锚缆，绞移所述一体船，通过缆索系统带动沉管移至待安装位置，调整沉管压载水量和缆索系统，平稳下放沉管，完成沉管安装施工。
与现有技术相比，本申请的优点和积极效果在于：本申请的至少一种实施方式提供了半潜式沉管运输安装一体船及施工工艺。该一体船能够减小船 体承载沉管后的吃水，可以实现浅水航道的沉管运输，降低航道的挖泥量，可以有效的降低施工成本，提高施工效率和经济效益。具体而言：
本申请的至少一种实施方式的一体船具有半潜功能，在运输沉管过程中，利用一体船可以提供较大的浮力，且承托机构可托举沉管，能够减小运输过程中一体船和沉管整体的吃水深度，满足浅水航道的运输要求，大大降低航道的挖泥量，节约施工成本。
本申请的至少一种实施方式的承托机构的支撑腿设置千斤顶结构以承托沉管，可通过调节多个支撑腿的千斤顶的活塞杆伸缩实现调平，以确保沉管底面与所有支腿受力均匀，避免局部受力不均匀造成沉管或设备损坏。
本申请的至少一种实施方式采用桁架连接结构连接浮体结构和甲板结构，使得两个浮体结构与甲板结构间易于拆装，便于进行船体改造，变换船体宽度，适应不同尺寸沉管的运输与安装，提高一体船应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种实施方式的一体船的仰视示意图；
图2为本申请一种实施方式的一体船运输沉管状态的示意图；
图3为本申请一种实施方式的一体船单侧结构示意图；
图4为图3的A部放大图(收纳状态)；
图5为本申请一种实施方式的一体船的剖视示意图；
图6为图5的B部放大图(伸出状态)；
图7为控制单元的控制连接示意图。
图中编号：1甲板结构，2沉管，3管船连接结构，4浮体结构，41第一浮体结构，42第二浮体结构，43空腔结构，5承托机构，51第一承托机 构，52第二承托机构，6支撑组件，61支撑腿，611安装座，612千斤顶，613垫板，62转轴，7驱动组件，71液压马达，711驱动轴，72第一齿轮，73第二齿轮，8运载空间，9控制单元，10压力传感器，11轴承，12收纳槽，13密封电子仓，14压载水系统，15桁架连接结构，151上连接板，152桁架结构，153下连接板。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式对本申请的技术方案进行详实的阐述，然而应当理解，在没有进一步叙述的情况下，一个实施方式中的元件、结构和特征也可以有益地结合到其他实施方式中。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，术语“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能完全理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通，在某些实施方式中还可以是电连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
如图1至6所示，本申请的第一种实施方式提供了一种半潜式沉管运输安装一体船(以下可简称为一体船)，包括甲板结构1，用于连接一体船和沉管2的管船连接结构3，两个平行设置的浮体结构4，以及两个承托机构5；两个承托机构5分设于两个浮体结构4的相对侧，即两个承托机构5相对设置。如图1所示，第一承托机构51位于第一浮体结构41的内侧，第二承托机构52位于第二浮体结构42的内侧，二者相对设置。
各个浮体结构4可加压载水以控制其下潜和上浮，以一体船长度方向中心线所在的竖直平面作为参考面X(如图1和图2所示)，两个浮体结构4相对于参考面X对称设置，两个浮体结构4的顶面(或上部)通过甲板结构1连接，如图2所示。甲板结构1可为一个，也可如图1和图3所示为两个或更多个。甲板结构1上可安装沉管安装设备，用于沉管到达目的地后的安装工作；沉管安装设备采用现有的设备，例如CN103912013A中公开的安装系统和方法，以及CN106592633A公开的沉管安装设备和方法。
如图1所示，两个承托机构5相对于参考面X对称设置，各承托机构5设于对应浮体结构4的下部(或底部)。每个承托机构5包括：至少两个支撑组件6，以及与支撑组件6相连的、用于驱动支撑组件6贴靠或伸出其所在浮体结构4的驱动组件7。图1左侧示例性地示出了第一承托机构51的各个支撑组件6(共13个)均贴靠第一浮体结构41的方式；图1右侧示例性地示出了第二承托机构52的各个支撑组件6(共13个)均伸出第二浮体结构42的方式。值得注意的是，图1中的贴靠和伸出仅仅是示例，实际在使用时，一般是两个承托机构的支撑组件6同时贴靠在对应的浮体结构上，以便能够容纳待运输的沉管或释放运输到位的沉管；或者同时伸出于对应的浮体结构， 以承托和运输沉管。支撑组件6贴靠浮体结构4时，两个浮体结构4上的支撑组件间的间距大于沉管2的宽度，不影响沉管2上方的一体船下潜；支撑组件6伸出浮体结构1时，两个浮体结构4的支撑组件6可同时承托沉管2的底面，此时，支撑组件6上方、甲板结构1下方和两个浮体结构4之间的空间构成用于容纳沉管2的运载空间8。
采用上述一体船运输安装沉管的施工工艺包括以下步骤：
S1：沉管2预制完成后，沉管2就位，绞移至下潜坑位置；
S2：沉管2就位后，将一体船移至指定位置，使其跨在沉管2上方；
S3：向一体船的两个浮体结构4注入压载水，使两个浮体结构4同步下潜，以保证一体船结构平稳下潜；下潜过程中各支撑组件6处于贴靠对应的浮体结构4的状态；直至支撑组件6的顶面低于沉管2底面后，停止下潜；
S4：驱动组件7驱动支撑组件6伸出浮体结构4，使支撑组件6处于沉管2底面的下方；
S5：两个浮体结构4同步排水上浮，使一体船平稳上浮，支撑组件6的顶面逐渐与沉管2的底面接触、受力，以承托沉管2；一体船持续上浮至一体船与沉管2整体满足航道吃水要求后，浮体结构4停止排水；
S6：通过拖轮拖拽所述一体船，所述一体船通过所述支撑组件6与沉管2的摩擦力带动沉管2同步运动，以将沉管2运输至沉放安装位置；
S7：载有沉管2的一体船在就位锚固后，向一体船的各浮体结构4注入压载水，使一体船携带沉管2同步平稳下潜，当下潜至支撑组件6与沉管2间作用力为零时(即沉管2受的浮力等于重力时)，一体船继续短距离下潜以 保证支撑组件6与沉管2底面完全分离后，停止注水下潜，解除一体船与沉管2的连接，驱动组件7驱动支撑组件6收缩回并贴靠浮体结构4；
S8：两个浮体结构4同步排水上浮，使一体船平稳上浮至正常位置后，调整锚缆，绞移一体船，通过缆索系统带动沉管2移至待安装位置，调整沉管2压载水量和缆索系统，并配合使用沉管安装设备，平稳下放沉管2，完成沉管2安装施工。
上述一体船具备两个较大的浮体结构4。每个浮体结构4内设有空腔结构43，通过控制空腔结构43内的水量可控制浮体结构4的下潜和上浮；更具体地，浮体结构4安装压载水系统14，压载水系统14通过控制空腔结构43内压载水量控制浮体结构4的下潜和上浮。常规地，压载水系统的功用是将压载水注入压载舱(即空腔结构)或自压载舱排出压载水从而使得船舶或沉管达到下潜或上浮的目的。在现有技术中，压载水系统包括压载舱、压载水泵、阀箱和压载管路等部件，通过水泵、压载管路等部件，将压载水注入或排出压载舱。本实施方式的压载水系统可以采用现有技术中的压载水系统。
通过浮体结构4加压载水可使一体船具有半潜功能，在运输沉管过程中，利用一体船可以提供较大的浮力，一体船的承托机构5可托举沉管2，能够减小运输过程中一体船和沉管2整体的吃水深度，满足浅水航道的运输要求，大大降低航道的挖泥量，节约施工成本；同时，在其甲板结构1上可安装沉管安装施工所需设备(即前文所述的沉管安装设备)，即该一体船可具备沉管安装船的功能，可替代安装船的使用，降低安装投入，提升作业效率，具有较高的经济效益。
可选的，该一体船还包括设于所述甲板结构1上的缆索系统，缆索系统 在步骤S5中可作为管船连接结构3的至少一部分用于加固沉管和所述一体船连接，在步骤S8中可与沉管安装设备一起用于沉管安装施工；通过与沉管安装设备的共同作用，实现沉管到达目的地后的安装。该缆索系统可采用例如CN110877666A公开的牵拉吊放设备，包括多个绞车、起重机和吊放缆等设备；例如CN107651120A公开的提升绞车和吊缆。
其中，作为一种可选的实施方式，驱动组件7与支撑组件6一一对应设置，图4和图6为一种实施方式的支撑组件6的示意图，包括：一个顶面用于承托沉管2的支撑腿61，以及一个竖直设置的转轴62；转轴62用于转动连接支撑腿61和浮体结构4；驱动组件7与支撑腿61一一对应设置，以驱动支撑腿61绕转轴62的中轴线转动。
作为一种可选的实施方式，支撑腿61的具体结构包括：一个固定安装于转轴62侧壁上的安装座611，以及一个缸底固定安装于安装座611顶面的千斤顶612，千斤顶612的活塞杆竖直向上设置，活塞杆杆头用于承托沉管2。采用上述结构，在步骤S5中，可通过调节多个支撑腿的千斤顶612的活塞杆伸缩实现调平，以确保沉管底面与所有支撑腿之间的受力均匀，可避免局部受力不均匀造成沉管或设备损坏。
由于支撑组件6位于一体船下部且靠水，为了便于自动控制，作为一种可选的实施方式，所述各个千斤顶612可为电控液压千斤顶，其分别与远端的控制单元9通信(如图7)，可以通过控制单元9控制各个千斤顶612的升降。进一步地，各个千斤顶612与沉管2之间可分别设有与控制单元9通信的压力传感器10，控制单元9控制各压力传感器10采集对应的千斤顶612和沉管2之间的压力数据，并将采集的压力数据传送给控制单元9，控制单元 9根据接收到的各压力数据判断沉管底面与各支撑腿之间受力是否均匀，从而控制相应的千斤顶612的升降，以达到受力均匀。控制单元9进行控制时，可以采用编程的方式实现；例如将相关的一个或多个程序存储在存储器中，并由控制单元9执行；所述控制单元可以是一个或多个处理器，也可采用PLC，MCU，FPGA，DSP等可以实现相关功能的其他硬件设备。
可选的，千斤顶612的活塞杆的顶面固定安装有垫板613，垫板613为橡胶板。垫板613与待运沉管2接触能增大浮运所需的摩擦力和缓冲力，提高运输过程的稳定性和保护沉管。
可选的，转轴62端部通过轴承11连接浮体结构4。作为一种可选的实施方式，驱动组件7的结构可如图4和图6所示，包括：驱动轴711竖直设置的液压马达71，固定设置在液压马达的驱动轴711上的第一齿轮72，以及与第一齿轮72相啮合的第二齿轮73。液压马达71本体固定安装于浮体结构4上，第一齿轮72与液压马达的驱动轴711同轴设置，第二齿轮73与转轴62同轴设置，且套设固定在转轴62上，以实现液压马达71和支撑腿61的传动。采用上述结构，当液压马达71驱动支撑腿61转至如图1左侧所示状态时(即所有支撑腿61均贴靠对应的浮体结构4)，两个浮体结构4上的支撑腿间的间距大于沉管2宽度，支撑腿61不会影响沉管2上方的一体船下潜；当液压马达71驱动支撑腿61转至如图1右侧(即所有支撑腿伸出浮体结构1，与其侧壁垂直时)所示状态时，两个浮体结构4的支撑组件6可同时承托沉管2的底面，以稳定托举沉管2减少其浮运所需浮力。
除了前段中的齿轮驱动外，所述驱动组件7也可以配置为与转轴62直接连接的电机，由电机直接驱动转轴62的转动。不管是采用液压马达71还是 电机驱动，均可设置为电控的方式，一方面便于远程控制，另一方面便于精确控制转动角度。在本实施方式中定义贴靠时为0°，伸出时为90°；当需要伸出时，控制单元9控制液压马达71或电机转动，带动转轴62转动至90°，从而伸出支撑组件6；当需要贴靠时，控制单元9控制液压马达71或电机反向转动，带动转轴62转动至0°。相似地，控制单元9进行控制时，可以采用编程的方式实现；将相关的一个或多个程序存储在存储器中，并由控制单元9执行；所述控制单元9可以是处理器，也是采用PLC，MCU，FPGA，DSP等可以实现相关功能的其他硬件设备。
可选的，如图4所示，浮体结构4侧壁设有收纳槽12，收纳槽12与支撑腿61一一对应设置，转轴62位于对应的收纳槽12内，且支撑腿61可随转轴62转入对应的收纳槽12内(即支撑腿61贴靠浮体结构4时其位于收纳槽12内)。
为了方便驱动组件7的安装以保护驱动组件，如图6所示，浮体结构4内设有用于安装驱动组件7的密封电子仓13，密封电子仓13与驱动组件7一一对应设置。
可选的，管船连接结构3可采用任意能够实现加强沉管和一体船连接的现有结构，例如可采用CN107651120A中公布的支墩，在一体船和沉管之间实现摩擦连接，也可以进一步使用其中的绑扎拉杆，实现二者之间的连接。此外，还可包括前文所述的设于甲板结构1上的缆索系统，通过连接沉管和一体船而实现进一步的加固。
可选的，转轴62和安装座611为钢制结构。
可选的，甲板结构1通过可拆卸的桁架连接结构15与两个浮体结构4固 定连接。采用桁架连接结构15使得两个浮体结构4与甲板结构1间易于拆装，便于进行船体改造，变换船体宽度，适应不同尺寸沉管2的运输与安装，提高一体船应用价值。
可选的，如图3所示，桁架连接结构15包括上连接板结构151、桁架结构152和下连接板结构153，上连接板结构151与甲板结构1相连，下连接板结构153与浮体结构4相连。
所述的实施方式仅仅是对本申请的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本申请的范围进行限定，在不脱离本申请设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本申请的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本申请权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，包括：
    一个甲板结构，
    两个浮体结构，可加压载水，以一体船长度方向中心线所在竖直平面作为参考面，所述两个浮体结构相对于所述参考面对称设置且平行设置，所述两个浮体结构的上部或顶面通过所述甲板结构连接；以及
    两个承托机构，分设于两个浮体结构的相对侧，且所述两个承托机构相对于所述参考面对称设置，各个承托机构设于对应浮体结构下部或底部；其中，每个承托机构进一步包括：
    至少两个支撑组件；及
    驱动组件，配置为驱动所述支撑组件贴靠或伸出其所在浮体结构；
    所述支撑组件伸出浮体结构时，所述支撑组件能够承托于沉管底面，且所述支撑组件上方、所述甲板结构下方和所述两个浮体结构之间的空间构成用于容纳沉管的运载空间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述浮体结构内设有能够容纳压载水的空腔结构；所述浮体结构安装有压载水系统，所述压载水系统通过控制所述空腔结构内压载水量控制所述浮体结构的下潜和上浮。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述支撑组件进一步包括：一个支撑腿，其顶面用于承托沉管；以及一个转轴，竖直 设置，用于转动连接所述支撑腿和对应的浮体结构；所述驱动组件与所述支撑腿一一对应设置，以驱动所述支撑腿绕所述转轴转动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述转轴端部通过轴承连接所述浮体结构，所述驱动组件进一步包括：一液压马达，其本体固定安装于所述浮体结构，其驱动轴竖直设置；一第一齿轮，与所述驱动轴同轴设置，且套设固定在所述驱动轴上；以及一第二齿轮，与转轴同轴设置，且套设固定在所述转轴上；所述第二齿轮与所述第一齿轮相啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述浮体结构侧壁设有收纳槽，所述收纳槽与所述支撑腿一一对应设置；所述转轴位于对应的收纳槽内，且所述支撑腿可随所述转轴转入所述收纳槽内；所述浮体结构内设有用于安装所述驱动组件的密封电子仓，所述密封电子仓与所述驱动组件一一对应设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，还包括设于所述甲板结构上的缆索系统，所述缆索系统用于加固沉管和所述一体船连接。
  7. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述支撑腿进一步包括：一安装座，固定安装于所述转轴侧壁；以及一千斤顶，其缸底固定安装于所述安装座的顶面，且其活塞杆竖直向上设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述活塞杆的顶面固定安装有垫板，所述垫板为橡胶板。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述甲板结构通过可拆卸的桁架连接结构与两个浮体结构固定连接；所述桁架连接结构包括上连接板、桁架结构和下连接板，所述上连接板与所述甲板结构相连，所述下连接板分别与两个浮体结构相连。
  10. 一种沉管运输安装施工工艺，采用权利要求1至9中任一项所述的半潜式沉管运输安装一体船，其中，所述施工工艺包括以下步骤：
    沉管预制完成后，沉管就位，绞移至下潜坑位置；
    沉管就位后，将所述一体船移至指定位置，使其跨在沉管上方；
    向所述一体船的浮体结构注入压载水，使两个浮体结构同步下潜，以保证一体船结构平稳下潜，下潜过程中所述支撑组件处于贴靠所述浮体结构状态；直至所述支撑组件的顶面低于沉管底面后，停止下潜；
    所述驱动组件驱动所述支撑组件伸出所述浮体结构，使所述支撑组件处于沉管底面下方；
    两个浮体结构同步排水上浮，使所述一体船平稳上浮，所述支撑组件的顶面逐渐与沉管底面接触、受力，以承托沉管，所述一体船持续上浮至所述一体船与沉管整体满足航道吃水要求后，所述浮体结构停止排水；
    通过拖轮拖拽所述一体船，所述一体船通过所述支撑组件与沉管的摩擦力带动沉管同步运动，以将沉管运输至沉放安装位置；
    载有沉管的所述一体船在就位锚固后，向所述一体船的浮体结构注入压载水，使一体船携带沉管同步平稳下潜，当下潜至所述支撑组件与沉管间作用力为零时，一体船继续下潜以保证所述支撑组件与沉管底面完全分离后， 停止注水下潜，解除所述一体船与沉管的连接，所述驱动组件驱动所述支撑组件收缩回贴靠所述浮体结构；
    两个浮体结构同步排水上浮，使所述一体船平稳上浮至正常位置后，调整锚缆，绞移所述一体船，通过缆索系统带动沉管移至待安装位置，调整沉管压载水量和缆索系统，平稳下放沉管，完成沉管安装施工。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116729575A (zh) * 2023-06-13 2023-09-12 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 一种用于管节纵向运动的拖航系统
CN116729575B (zh) * 2023-06-13 2024-03-12 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 一种用于管节纵向运动的拖航系统

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EP4098541A4 (en) 2023-08-16
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US11674283B2 (en) 2023-06-13
EP4098541B1 (en) 2024-01-24
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