WO2022135375A1 - 造口装置及系统 - Google Patents

造口装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022135375A1
WO2022135375A1 PCT/CN2021/139980 CN2021139980W WO2022135375A1 WO 2022135375 A1 WO2022135375 A1 WO 2022135375A1 CN 2021139980 W CN2021139980 W CN 2021139980W WO 2022135375 A1 WO2022135375 A1 WO 2022135375A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
stoma
tissue
cutting blade
balloon
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/139980
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
洛坦哈伊姆
王永胜
高国庆
Original Assignee
杭州诺生医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202023094344.3U external-priority patent/CN215688369U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011518115.1A external-priority patent/CN114642497A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011518171.5A external-priority patent/CN114642498A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023095750.1U external-priority patent/CN215688370U/zh
Application filed by 杭州诺生医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州诺生医疗科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022135375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022135375A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an ostomy device and a system.
  • Atrial septostomy is a treatment option for heart failure. It creates a shunt between the left and right heart chambers by creating a stoma in the patient's atrial septum. It can be used to treat pulmonary hypertension (right-to-left shunt) or left heart failure (left Right shunt), its effectiveness has been clinically demonstrated.
  • the existing atrial septostomy such as balloon atrial septostomy, which uses the existing atrial septostomy device for treatment, it is directly torn into a long stoma, and the stoma is placed at the stoma after surgery. It is easy to have the tendency of myocardial tissue rebound, causing the problem of stoma shrinkage or even closure.
  • the present invention provides an ostomy device and system.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides an ostomy device, comprising a stoma body, and the stoma body includes a radially expandable and contractible balloon,
  • a stoma for cutting and ablating tissue is provided on the periphery of the balloon.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides an ostomy device, comprising a radially expandable and contractible stoma body, the stoma body is provided with a stoma portion, and the stoma body is a radially expandable and contractible support frame body, the stoma is located on the outer periphery of the support frame body;
  • the stoma includes a cutting element for cutting tissue.
  • a third aspect of the present invention further provides an ostomy system, comprising a catheter and the above-mentioned stoma device, wherein the stoma body of the stoma device is arranged in the catheter in a contracted state, and the stoma is connected to the stoma through the catheter.
  • the device is delivered to the preset position.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific example of an atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific application example in which the atrial septotomy device of the present invention is applied to the atrial septotomy system;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific application example of the interatrial septotomy device of the present invention applied to the interatrial septotomy system;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific application example of the interatrial septotomy device of the present invention applied to the interatrial septotomy system;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific application example in which the atrial septotomy device of the present invention is applied to the atrial septotomy system;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth specific application example of the atrial septostomy device of the present invention applied to the atrial septostomy system;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the first applied blade body structure of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second application blade body of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third applied blade body of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific example of a septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention under one embodiment
  • Figure 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cutting blade in Figure 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention under another embodiment
  • Figure 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cutting blade in Figure 19;
  • Fig. 21 is a top-view structural schematic diagram of the cutting blade in Fig. 19;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting blade of a septostomy device provided by the present invention under yet another embodiment
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific example of a septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific example of a septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the ostomy device and ostomy system of the present invention include but are not limited to being applicable to atrial septostomy, and can also be applied to other tissues that require an ostomy.
  • the use of an ostomy device in the interatrial septum will be described and illustrated as an example.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1 includes a stoma body 11 for stoma tissue, and the stoma body 11 includes a To the balloon 111 that is inflated and deflated, the conversion of the balloon 111 from the deflated state to the inflated state can be realized by pressurizing the balloon 111 , and the conversion from the inflation state to the deflated state can be realized by decompressing the balloon 111 .
  • a stoma 112 for cutting and ablating tissue is provided on the outer circumference of the balloon 111. It can be understood that the stoma 112 is driven by the balloon 111 to achieve corresponding treatment operations: when the balloon 111 is in a deflated state When changing to the expanded state, the stoma 112 is brought into contact with the tissue by the body of the balloon 111 and squeezes and cuts the tissue, thereby completing the cutting operation of the tissue, and during the expansion or when expanding the tissue to the target diameter , and also completes the ablation treatment operation for the stoma formed by cutting; when the balloon 111 is changed from the expanded state to the contracted state, the stoma 112 is separated from the tissue and recovered by the body of the balloon 111, thereby completing the recovery processing operation. .
  • the stoma 112 on the balloon 111 has the function of cutting the tissue and ablating the tissue, which is convenient for expanding the tissue to the target diameter, and the diameter of the formed stoma is more uniform , which tends to be more circular, which can avoid the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and is easily closed.
  • the ablation function can be used to ablate the tissue after the stoma, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, reduce the hidden dangers caused by tissue rebound, and can be used without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue blocks. This results in a persistent tissue stoma that reduces the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • a cutting element can be provided on the stoma 112 to cut the tissue, and an ablation electrode can also be set to ablate the tissue; Cutting elements for cutting and ablation functions.
  • the cutting element may be a cutting blade, a cutting wire, or other components that perform a cutting function.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1' comprises a stoma main body 11' used to stretch the atrial septum tissue, the stoma main body 11' specifically comprises a radially inflatable and deflated balloon 111', and the outer circumference of the balloon 111' is There is a stoma part 112' for realizing the stoma effect, and the stoma part 112' is used for cutting and ablating the interatrial septum tissue.
  • the stoma part 112' includes a cutting blade 1121' for cutting tissue, and a metal part is provided on the cutting blade 1121', and the metal part can be connected to a power source through a wire for ablating the tissue, and the Therefore, the cutting blade 1121' can realize the function of cutting and ablating the tissue.
  • the metal part when the entire cutting blade 1121' is made of metal material, the metal part may be the body of the cutting blade 1121', and the metal material may be copper, silver, gold, stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy and other materials.
  • the metal part When the cutting blade 1121' is made of non-metallic materials such as ceramics, the metal part may be disposed on the cutting surface or the non-cutting surface of the cutting blade 1121'.
  • the balloon 111' is in an inflated state
  • the stoma 112' is specifically located in the middle or approximately the middle of the balloon 111'
  • four cutting blades 1121' are provided on the stoma 112', The four cutting blades 1121' are evenly distributed.
  • each cutting blade 1121' cuts the tissue in the direction away from the center of the balloon 111' to form a circular stoma.
  • the cutting blades 1121' The energized metal part on the 1121 ⁇ can ablate the incised tissue in real time.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1' of this embodiment can be delivered to the site to be expanded, that is, the preset position, by using a delivery catheter (not shown) through a delivery device (not shown), and the stoma 112' is in the waiting position.
  • the cutting blade 2121 is connected to a power source such as a radio frequency source and other ablation energy sources, and pressurizes the balloon 111' to slowly expand the balloon 111'.
  • the cutting blade 1121' on the balloon 111' will be in the process of expansion
  • the tissue at the stoma is continuously cut along the radial direction of the balloon 111'.
  • the RF energy continuously heats the tissue to contracture through the cutting blade 1121' on the balloon 111' to achieve a desired shunt.
  • the evenly distributed cutting blades 1121' help the balloon 111' to easily expand the tissue to the target diameter, and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more circular, which can avoid the direct tearing of the existing balloon stoma.
  • An elongated wound that opens has the problem of easy closure.
  • the metal part on the cutting blade 1121' is used to ablate the tissue of the stoma, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma and reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound.
  • the pressure of the balloon 111' is released, the stoma device is recovered through the catheter and withdrawn from the body, so that a continuous tissue can be obtained without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue pieces. Stoma to reduce the risk of blood clots during and/or after surgery.
  • the ablation energy source is not limited to radio frequency energy, but can also be pulse energy, laser energy, ultrasonic energy, microwave energy, freezing energy, or thermal balloon.
  • the number of cutting blades 1121 ′ is not limited to four, and the number may be two or more.
  • the number of cutting blades 1121' may be determined according to factors such as the size of the balloon 111', the target diameter of expansion, and the like.
  • the cutting blades are evenly distributed on the stoma portion 112' on the entire periphery of the balloon 111'.
  • the material of the balloon may be a polymer material such as nylon, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, thermoplastic polyester, or saturated polyester), silica gel, etc., all of which are insulating materials.
  • the cutting blade 1121' can be fixed on the outer surface of the balloon 111' by bonding.
  • the body or the middle of the balloon 111' can also be made of metal conductive material, and the cutting blade 1121' is welded to the balloon 111'.
  • the parts of the body of the balloon 111' except for the connection with the cutting blade 1121' are coated with an insulating structure, so as to obtain a balloon 111' that meets the cutting requirements and electrical conductivity requirements.
  • the body, at this time, the metal conductive material of the body of the balloon 111' or its waist can be made of copper, silver, gold, stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, and the like.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′ includes a stoma body 11 ′′ used to stretch the atrial septum tissue ⁇ , the stoma main body 11 ′′ specifically includes a radially expandable and contractible balloon 111 ′′, and a stoma portion 112 ′′ that specifically realizes the stoma function is provided on the outer circumference of the balloon 111 ′′.
  • the stoma 112 ′′ specifically includes a cutting blade 1121 ′′ and an ablation electrode 1122 ′′.
  • the cutting blade 1121 ′′ is used to cut tissue
  • the ablation electrode 1122 ′′ is electrically connected to a power source for ablation of the tissue.
  • the ablation electrodes 1122 ′′ and the cutting blades 1121 ′′ can be distributed at a predetermined distance from each other, and at least one ablation electrode 1122 ′′ is included between two adjacent cutting blades 1121 ′′.
  • the number of 1121" and ablation electrodes 1122" may be determined according to factors such as the size of the balloon 111", the target diameter of expansion, and the like.
  • the stoma 112 ′′ is specifically located in the middle or approximately the middle of the balloon 111 ′′, and three cutting blades 1121 ′′ are evenly arranged on the stoma 112 ′′, and each cutting blade 1121 ′′ Between the blades 1121 ′′, a plurality of ablation electrodes 1122 ′′ are evenly arranged.
  • each cutting blade 1121 ′′ cuts tissue in a direction away from the center of the balloon 111 ′′ to form a circular stoma.
  • the energized ablation electrode 1122 ′′ can Ablation of the cut tissue and the parts near the tissue is performed in real time.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′ of this embodiment can be delivered to the site to be expanded by using a delivery catheter (not shown) through a delivery device (not shown), after the stoma 112′′ is in the position of the site to be expanded , the expanded balloon 111 ′′ can drive the cutting blade 1121 ′′ located on it to cut the tissue, so as to realize the expansion of the tissue.
  • the evenly distributed cutting blades 1121 ⁇ help the balloon 111 ⁇ to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily, and the formed stoma caliber tends to be more circular, and the round stoma caliber is not easy to be crawled by the tissue endothelium.
  • the stoma is closed due to the growth of the stoma, avoiding the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • the tissue behind the stoma can be ablated by the ablation electrode 1122 ′′, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound, and reduce the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis .
  • the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can be fixed on the outer surface of the balloon 111 ′′ by means of adhesive, and the adhesive material at this time can be a material such as polyamide.
  • the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can also be directly formed on the outer surface of the balloon 111 ′′, that is, the body of the balloon 111 ′′ and the cutting blade 1121 ′′ on the balloon 111 ′′ are integrally formed.
  • the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can be processed from a metal material, and the material at this time can be stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy and other materials. In some application scenarios, the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can also be a non-metallic material, such as ceramics.
  • the cutting blade 1121 ′′ when the cutting blade 1121 ′′ is made of metal, the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can also be connected to a power source through a wire to ablate the tissue. At this time, the cutting blade 1121 ′′ and the ablation electrode in this embodiment are 1122 ⁇ all have ablation capabilities.
  • the ablation electrode 1122 ′′ can be an external metal electrode plate, and at this time, the ablation electrode 1122 ′′ can be fixed on the balloon 111 ′′ by welding or bonding.
  • the ablation electrode 1122 ′′ can also be formed on the outer surface of the balloon 111 ′′, that is, the body of the balloon 111 ′′ and the balloon 111 ′′ are formed by integral processing
  • the metal electrode plate on the ⁇ (to serve as the ablation electrode), at this time, the cutting blade 1121 ⁇ can be a non-metallic material or a metal material.
  • the ablation electrode 1122′′ is preferably a flexible electrode, the whole or outer surface of which is made of a metal with good electrical conductivity, preferably copper, silver, gold, etc., and its shape can be oval, round Corner rectangle, or other shapes.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′ includes a stoma main body 11 ′′ for expanding the atrial septal tissue, and the stoma main body 11 ′′ specifically includes a radially inflatable and deflated balloon.
  • the outer periphery of the balloon 111" is provided with a stoma portion 112", which specifically realizes the stoma effect, and the stoma portion 112" includes a cutting blade 1121" and an ablation electrode 1122" ⁇ , wherein the cutting blade 1121" is used to cut the tissue, and the ablation electrode 1122" is connected to a power source through a wire to ablate the tissue.
  • the difference from the first specific example and the second specific example is that,
  • the cutting blades 1121 ′′ are arranged on the ablation electrodes 1122 ′′, and are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the balloon 111′′ is in an inflated and inflated state, the stoma 112′′ is located in the middle of the balloon 111′′ or is approximately in the middle, and the stoma 112′′ is evenly distributed on the stoma 112′′.
  • Three ablation electrodes 1122′′′′ are distributed, and each ablation electrode 1121′′ is provided with a cutting blade 1121′′.
  • each cutting blade 1121” cuts the tissue in a direction away from the center of the balloon 111" to form a circular stoma. At this time, the cutting blades 1121"
  • the lower ablation electrode 1122′′ can ablate the incised tissue in real time.
  • the cutting blade 1121′′ when the cutting blade 1121′′ is made of a metal material, it can also be connected to a power source via a wire, or the cutting blade 1121′′ can be electrically connected to the ablation electrode 1122 ′′, such as by welding, that is, the cutting blade 1121 ′′ can also be used It is used to ablate the tissue to achieve multi-directional ablation of the tissue at the cutting position, and further improve the stability of the stoma and the accuracy of the aperture.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′ of this embodiment can be delivered to the site to be expanded by a delivery catheter (not shown) through a delivery device (not shown), and the stoma 112′′ is at the site to be expanded
  • the expanded balloon 111" can drive the cutting blade 1121" located thereon to cut the tissue, so as to realize the expansion of the tissue.
  • the evenly distributed cutting blades 1121′′ help the balloon 111′′ to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily, and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more circular, which can avoid the need for existing balloon
  • An elongated wound with a direct tear has the problem of easy closure.
  • the tissue of the stoma can be ablated through the ablation electrode 1122′′, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, which can reduce the hidden dangers caused by tissue rebound, and can be used without implanting any instruments and cutting off the stoma.
  • a continuous tissue stoma is obtained, reducing the risk of intraoperative and postoperative thrombosis.
  • the number of the ablation electrodes 1122 ′′ can be determined according to ablation requirements, and the ablation electrodes 1122 ′′ can be fixed on the balloon 111 ′′ by bonding or welding.
  • the cutting blade 1121′′ can be a non-metallic material, and in this case, the cutting blade 1121′′ can be connected to the ablation electrode 1122′′ by bonding or snapping; the cutting blade 1122′′ can be In this case, the cutting blade 1121′′′′ can be integrally formed with the ablation electrode 1122′′, or be connected to the ablation electrode 1122′′ by bonding, welding or snap-fitting.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′′′ includes a stoma main body 11′′′′ for expanding the atrial septum tissue, and the stoma main body 11′′′′ specifically includes a radially inflatable and deflated balloon 111′′′′ , on the periphery of the balloon 111 ′′, there is a stoma portion 112 ′′, which specifically realizes the stoma function, and the stoma portion 112 ′′ includes a cutting blade 1121 ′′ ′′ and an ablation electrode 1122 ′′ ⁇ , wherein, the cutting blade 1121 ⁇ is used to cut the tissue, and the ablation electrode 1122 ⁇ is connected to the power source through the wire to ablate the tissue.
  • the difference from the previous embodiment is that the cutting blade 1121 ⁇ is disposed on a portion of the ablation electrode 1122 ⁇ .
  • the balloon 111′′′′ is in an inflated and inflated state, and the stoma portion 112′′′′ is located in the middle of the balloon 111′′′′ or at approximately the middle position, and the stoma portion 112′′ is located in the middle of the balloon 111′′′′.
  • Three of the uniformly distributed ablation electrodes 1122 ′′ are respectively provided with a cutting blade 1121 ′′.
  • each cutting blade 1121′′′′ cuts the tissue in the direction away from the center of the balloon 111′′′′ to form a circular stoma.
  • the cutting blade 1121 The ablation electrode 1122′′′′ under the ⁇ can ablate the cut tissue in real time, and the ablation electrode 1122 ⁇ between the ablation cutting blades 1121 ⁇ also ablate the tissue.
  • the cutting blade 1121′′′′ when the cutting blade 1121′′′′ is made of metal material, it can also be connected to a power source via a wire, or the cutting blade 1121′′′′ can be electrically connected to the ablation electrode 1122 ′′, such as by welding, that is, the cutting blade 1121 ′′ ⁇ It can also be used to ablate tissue, further realize multi-directional ablation of tissue at the cutting position, and further improve the stability of the stoma and the accuracy of the aperture.
  • the cutting blade 1121′′′′ can be a non-metallic material, and at this time, the cutting blade 1121′′′′ can be connected with the ablation electrode 1122′′′′ by bonding or snapping;
  • the blade 1122′′′′ can be a metal material, and the cutting blade 1121′′′′ can be integrally formed with the ablation electrode 1122′′′′, or, the ablation electrode 1122′′′′ can be bonded, welded or snapped together with the ablation electrode 1122′′′′ connect.
  • the atrial septostomy device 1′′′′ of this embodiment can be delivered to the site to be expanded using a delivery catheter (not shown in the figure) through a delivery device (not shown in the figure), and the stoma 112′′′′ is in the to-be-expanded site.
  • the expanded balloon 111′′′′ can drive the cutting blade 1121′′′′ located thereon to cut the tissue, so as to realize the expansion of the tissue.
  • the evenly distributed cutting blades 1121′′′′ also help the balloon 111′′′′ to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily, and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more round-like, which can avoid existing Balloon stoma is an elongated wound that is directly torn and has the problem of easy closure.
  • the tissue of the stoma can be ablated through the ablation electrode 1122′′′′ located under the cutting blade 1121′′′′ and between the adjacent cutting blades, so that the ablation effect is better and more durable Tissue stoma can reduce the hidden dangers caused by tissue rebound, and can obtain a continuous tissue stoma without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue blocks, reducing intraoperative and postoperative Risk of blood clots.
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific application example of the atrial septostomy device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention applied to an atrial septostomy system.
  • the atrial septostomy system 2 includes a power supply (not shown in the figure), a delivery device (not shown in the figure), a delivery catheter 21 and a septostomy device 22 movably arranged on the delivery catheter 21, and the delivery device (not shown in the figure) is used for the atrial septostomy device 22. shown) can drive the atrial septostomy device 22 to move along the delivery catheter 21 to reach the site to be expanded, and the power source can provide the atrial septostomy device 22 with electrical energy required for ablation.
  • the atrial septostomy device 22 in this specific application example corresponds to the structure in the first specific example in FIG. 2 , wherein the atrial septostomy device 22 includes a stoma main body 221, and the stoma main body 221 includes a balloon 2211.
  • the balloon 2211 is in an inflated and inflated state, and is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder.
  • a stoma 2212 is provided at the middle position of the elliptical cylinder of the balloon 2211, and three cutting blades 22121 for cutting tissue are provided on the stoma 2212, and the three cutting blades 22121 are evenly distributed on the stoma 2212
  • a circumferential structure surrounding the short axis of the elliptical cylinder is formed, and the cutting blade 22121 is connected to the power source through the wire 23 to ablate the tissue.
  • the cutting blade 22121 in this application example is a blade structure with a metal part, and the metal part is electrically connected to the power source through the wire 23. At this time, the cutting blade 22121 has both the function of cutting tissue and the function of ablating tissue.
  • the atrial septostomy device 22 is first placed in the delivery catheter 21, and the balloon 2211 is in a deflated state in the atrial septostomy device 22 at this time. After that, under the driving action of the conveyor, it is delivered to the site to be expanded, that is, the preset position, through the delivery catheter 21 .
  • the balloon 2211 is pressurized to inflate the balloon 2211 and finally to a set size, so as to expand the tissue to the target diameter, and during the inflation of the balloon 2211, the tissue is cut by the cutting blade 22121, and the tissue is evenly distributed
  • the cutting blade 2121 helps the balloon 2211 to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily, and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more circular, which can avoid the existing balloon stoma being a long strip that is directly torn. There is a problem with the wound being closed easily.
  • the cutting blade 22121 with a metal part can also ablate the tissue to be cut, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound, and make the phenomenon of tissue retraction after the stoma better. improvement; and can obtain a continuous tissue stoma without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue pieces, reducing the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • FIG. 7 it is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific application example of the atrial septostomy device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention applied to an atrial septostomy system.
  • the atrial septostomy system 3 also includes a power supply (not shown in the figure), a delivery device (not shown in the figure), a delivery catheter 31 and a septostomy device 32 movably arranged on the delivery catheter 31, and the delivery device ( Figure Not shown), the atrial septostomy device 32 can be driven to move along the delivery catheter 31 to reach the site to be expanded, and the power source can provide the atrial septostomy device 32 with electrical energy required for ablation.
  • the atrial septostomy device 32 in this specific application example corresponds to the structure in the second specific example in FIG. 3 , wherein the atrial septostomy device 32 includes a stoma body 321 , and the stoma body 321 includes a balloon 3211 .
  • the balloon 3211 is in an inflated state, and is also in the shape of an elliptical cylinder.
  • a stoma 3212 is provided at the middle of the elliptical cylinder of the balloon 3211, and three cutting blades 32121 are arranged on the stoma 3212 for cutting tissue, and the three cutting blades 32121 are evenly distributed in the stoma On 3212, a circumferential structure surrounding the minor axis of the elliptical cylinder is formed.
  • An ablation electrode 32122 is provided between the adjacent cutting blades 32121, and the ablation electrode 32122 is connected to a power source through a wire 33 to ablate the tissue.
  • the shape of the ablation electrode 32122 includes, but is not limited to, an elliptical structure.
  • the ablation electrodes 32122 and the cutting blades 32121 are distributed at a predetermined distance from each other, and at least one ablation electrode 32122 is included between two adjacent cutting blades 32121 . Further, the ablation electrodes 32122 can also be distributed at a predetermined distance. As shown in FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, adjacent ablation electrodes 32122 are arranged at equal intervals, and three ablation electrodes 32122 are arranged between adjacent cutting blades 3212 .
  • the tissue is cut by the cutting blade 32121, and the evenly distributed cutting blades 32121 help the balloon 3211 to expand the tissue to the target more easily
  • the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more round-like, which can avoid the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • the ablation electrode 32122 set at the same time can also ablate the tissue, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, reduce the risk of thrombosis during and after operation, and also reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound, reduce intraoperative and / / or the risk of postoperative thrombosis.
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific application example of the atrial septostomy device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention applied to the atrial septostomy system.
  • the interatrial septostomy system 4 also includes a power source (not shown in the figure), a delivery device (not shown in the figure), a delivery catheter 41 and a septostomy device 42 movably arranged on the delivery catheter 41. Not shown), the atrial septostomy device 42 can be driven to move along the delivery catheter 41 to reach the site to be expanded, and the power source can provide the atrial septostomy device 42 with electrical energy required for ablation.
  • the atrial septostomy device 42 includes a stoma body 421, and the stoma body 421 includes a balloon 4211.
  • the balloon 4211 is in an inflated and inflated state, and also has an elliptical cylinder shape.
  • a stoma 4212 is provided at the middle position of the elliptical cylinder of the balloon 4211, and three cutting blades 42121 for cutting tissue are arranged on the stoma 4212, and the three cutting blades 42121 are evenly distributed in the stoma On 4212, a circumferential structure surrounding the minor axis of the elliptical cylinder is formed.
  • An ablation electrode 42122 is provided between the adjacent cutting blades 42121, and the ablation electrode 42122 is connected to a power source through a wire 43 to ablate the tissue.
  • This specific application example is a variant structure corresponding to the second specific application example in FIG. 7 , the difference is that the cutting blade 42121 in this specific application example can be made of metal material, and at this time, the cutting blade 42121 can also be connected to the wire 43 In order to ablate the tissue, in this case, both the cutting blade 42121 and the ablation electrode 42122 can ablate the cut tissue and the surrounding tissue, and the ablation effect is better.
  • FIG. 9 it is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific application example of the atrial septostomy device of the present invention applied to the atrial septostomy system.
  • the atrial septostomy system 5 also includes a power source (not shown in the figure), a delivery device (not shown in the figure), a delivery catheter 51 and a septostomy device 52 movably arranged on the delivery catheter 51, using the delivery device (FIG. Not shown) the atrial septostomy device 52 can be driven to move along the delivery catheter 51 to reach the site to be expanded, and the power source can provide the atrial septostomy device 52 with electrical energy required for ablation.
  • the atrial septostomy device 52 in this specific application example corresponds to the structure of the fourth specific example in FIG. 5 , wherein the atrial septostomy device 52 includes a stoma body 521 , and the stoma body 521 includes a balloon 5211 .
  • the balloon The balloon 5211 is in an inflated state, and is also in the shape of an elliptical cylinder.
  • a stoma 5212 is provided at the middle of the elliptical cylinder of the balloon 5211, and three cutting blades 52121 for cutting tissue and a plurality of ablation electrodes 52122 are arranged on the stoma 5212, and a plurality of ablation electrodes 52122
  • the three cutting blades 52121 are respectively arranged on part of the ablation electrodes 52122, and the cutting blades 52121 are distributed at a predetermined distance, forming a circumferential structure surrounding the short axis of the elliptical cylinder.
  • the ablation electrode 52122 is connected to a power source via the lead 53 to ablate the tissue.
  • the above-mentioned cutting blade 52121 can also be connected to a power source through a wire, or the cutting blade 52121 can be electrically connected to the ablation electrode 52122, such as welding, that is, the above-mentioned cutting blade 52121 can also be used to ablate tissue to perform multi-directional ablation of the tissue at the cutting position. , and further improve the stability of the stoma and the accuracy of the aperture.
  • the tissue is cut by the cutting blade 52121, and the evenly distributed cutting blades 52121 help the balloon 5211 to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily , and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more circular, which can avoid the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • the ablation electrode 52122 set at the same time can also ablate the tissue in order to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, which can reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound, and can be used without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue blocks. Under these circumstances, a persistent tissue stoma is obtained, reducing the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • a cutting blade 52121 can be correspondingly provided on each ablation electrode 52122, and the atrial septostomy device at this time corresponds to the one in the third embodiment in FIG. 4 .
  • the structure can be achieved in the same way: avoiding the problem of easy closure of the existing balloon stoma as a long strip wound that is directly torn.
  • the ablation electrode set at the same time can also ablate the tissue in order to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, which can reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound, and can be used without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue blocks. This results in a persistent tissue stoma that reduces the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth specific application example of the atrial septostomy device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention applied to an atrial septostomy system.
  • the atrial septostomy system 6 also includes a power source (not shown in the figure), a delivery device (not shown in the figure), a delivery catheter 61 and a septostomy device 62 movably arranged on the delivery catheter 61. Not shown), the atrial septostomy device 62 can be driven to move along the delivery catheter 61 to reach the site to be expanded, and the power source can provide the atrial septostomy device 62 with electrical energy required for ablation.
  • the atrial septostomy device 62 in this specific application example includes a stoma main body 621, and the stoma main body 621 includes a balloon 6211 under inflation and filling, and is a figure-eight columnar body.
  • a stoma 6212 is provided at the recessed position of the figure-eight column, and three cutting blades 62121 are arranged on the stoma 6212 for cutting tissue.
  • the three cutting blades 62121 are evenly distributed on the stoma 6212 , forming a circumferential structure surrounding the minor axis of the elliptical cylinder.
  • An ablation electrode 62122 is provided between the adjacent cutting blades 62121, and the ablation electrode 62122 is connected to a power source through a wire 63 to ablate the tissue.
  • the shape of the ablation electrode 62122 includes, but is not limited to, a rounded rectangular structure.
  • the number of the above-mentioned cutting blades 62121 and ablation electrodes 62122 may be determined according to factors such as the size of the balloon 6211, the target diameter of expansion, and the like.
  • the distribution between the cutting blade 62121 and the ablation electrode 62122 of the figure-8-shaped cylindrical body balloon 6211, and the connection with the power supply may also include but not limited to the distributions shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 above. and connection relationship, which will not be repeated here.
  • the tissue is cut by the cutting blade 62121.
  • the evenly distributed cutting blades 62121 help the balloon 6211 to expand the tissue to the target diameter more easily. , and the diameter of the formed stoma tends to be more circular, which can avoid the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • the ablation electrode 62122 provided at the same time can also ablate the tissue, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma, which can also reduce the hidden danger caused by tissue rebound and reduce the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • the balloon 6211 can also be in other shapes, such as a water drop shape.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first application knife body of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second application knife body of the cutting blade
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the third application of the cutting blade body structure.
  • FIG. 11 corresponding to the cutting blade structure in FIG. 6
  • the side of the cutting blade 32121 in contact with the balloon body is in a wave-like structure, and the concave portion of the wave-like structure is in a T-shape.
  • FIG. 12 in order to correspond to a variant structure in FIG. 11 , the concave portion of the wavy structure of the cutting blade 32121 ′ is semicircular.
  • the wavy structure provided can improve the overall flexibility of the cutting blade, so as to better match the balloon expansion and contraction structure, which is beneficial to avoid unnecessary cutting.
  • the cutter body of the cutting blade in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 has a rounded rectangular shape, and according to different tissue cutting requirements, it can also be a trapezoidal shape or a circular arc shape.
  • At least one end of the cutting blade along the extending direction of the blade is provided with a smooth portion that transitions to the balloon body, that is, the end rounded corners corresponding to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 .
  • the smooth part provided can avoid unnecessary cutting of the tissue by the end of the cutting blade, and ensure the relative accuracy of cutting.
  • the cutting blade 32121′′ includes a plurality of sub-blades arranged at preset intervals, so as to also achieve the purpose of improving the overall flexibility of the cutting blade 32121′′ .
  • the sub-blade has a T-shaped structure, the cutting edge is located on the horizontal and straight part of the T-shaped structure, and the vertical part of the T-shaped structure is used for connecting with the balloon.
  • the cutting blade 32121 ′′ may include a plurality of sub-blade arranged in series, and the arrangement of each sub-blade is relatively more compact.
  • the structure of the cutter body shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 can be applied to any of the cutting blades in FIGS. 2 to 10 .
  • the cutting blade may not be provided with a wave-like structure, and/or without a sub-blade structure.
  • FIG. 14 it is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the cutting blade provided by the present invention, which can correspond to the cutting blade structure in FIG. 6.
  • the transverse section of the cutting blade 32121 is in the shape of a wedge, and the upper triangular tip is a cutting edge.
  • the preferred cutting edge angle The range is between 30 degrees and 40 degrees, which can not only improve the sharpness of cutting, but also ensure the safety of cutting. It can be understood that, in some variant structures, the transverse section of the cutting blade 32121 can also be in a trapezoidal shape to suit different cutting requirements.
  • transverse cross-sections of the cutting blades shown in FIGS. 2 to 13 can all be consistent with the transverse cross-sectional structures in this figure.
  • FIGS. 1 to 14 are relatively regular body structures. In the actual production process, the structures shown in FIGS. 1 to 14 can be changed to other irregular shapes according to actual needs. structure.
  • a stoma for cutting and ablating tissue is provided on the outer periphery of the balloon, and the stoma is on the outer circumference of the balloon. It is driven to realize the function of cutting and ablating the tissue, which can expand the tissue to the target diameter, and at the same time, the ablation function can be used to ablate the tissue after the stoma, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma and reduce the damage caused by tissue rebound. hidden dangers and reduce the risk of intraoperative and/or postoperative thrombosis.
  • the balloon is preferably a non-compliant balloon, whose diameter changes relatively insignificantly with the increase of balloon inflation pressure, and has a relatively high burst pressure and size. Also easier to control. It can be understood that the balloon is also suitable for cryoablation. In this case, no need to set an ablation electrode, only a cutting blade is provided and a liquid refrigerant is added to the balloon to achieve the function of cutting tissue and ablation.
  • the present invention can overcome: the existing balloon septostomy has a tendency of myocardial tissue rebound after the stoma, which may bring about a The problem of mouth reduction or even closure; existing devices used in atrial septoplasty, such as atrial septum cutting and grasping device, atrial shunt implantation device, etc., in the case of using atrial septum cutting and grasping device for treatment, there are There is a hidden danger that the grasping device will loosen during the operation, or, when the device is retrieved, the cut tissue will fall off to form an embolism; in the case of using an atrial shunt implantation device for treatment, there is a high risk of thrombosis, or, Potential for embolism due to device falling off.
  • the main body of the stoma is an inflatable and deflated balloon as an example for description.
  • the stoma body is not limited to a balloon, it can also be an inflatable and deflated stent body. The following will describe in detail an embodiment in which an expandable and contractible support frame is used as the stoma main body.
  • FIG. 15 it is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rear half of the regular atrial septostomy device 10 is eliminated, but it is not used to limit its overall structure. It can be understood that, the schematic structural diagrams of the atrial septostomy device in the following embodiments are all processed with reference to this processing method.
  • the interatrial septostomy device 10 includes a radially expandable and contractible stoma body 14, the stoma body 14 is a radially expandable and contractible support frame, and a stoma portion 141 is provided on the outer circumference of the support frame, and the The stoma 141 further includes a cutting element 142 for cutting tissue.
  • the cutting side of the cutting element 142 is disposed away from the center direction of the support frame body.
  • the support frame body can drive the stoma part 141 to move through its radial expansion and contraction activities to achieve stoma treatment on the corresponding tissue, and at the same time, the cutting element 142 on the stoma part 141 cuts the tissue In order to form an opening in the tissue, thereby speeding up the stoma treatment speed, and making it easier for the atrial septostomy device to expand the tissue to the target diameter during the stoma process, enhancing the stoma treatment effect, and the formed stoma diameter is more uniform, It tends to be more round-like, and the round stoma diameter is not easy to be closed due to the crawling of the tissue endothelium, which can avoid the problem that the existing balloon stoma is a long strip wound that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • the support frame is in an expanded state and is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder.
  • the support frame body in the expanded state can also be a cylindrical structure, an umbrella shape, a figure-of-eight shape, or other combined shape structures.
  • the support frame body is a self-expanding structure.
  • the cutting elements may include, but are not limited to, physical cutting edges such as cutting blades and the like.
  • the atrial septostomy device 10 is mainly used in the atrial septostomy system.
  • the atrial septostomy system may include a catheter, and the stoma main body 14 of the atrial septostomy device 10 is located in the contracted state. into the catheter and delivered to the preset stoma location through the catheter. Afterwards, the tissue can be cut by releasing the septostomy device and controlling the stoma body 14 to slowly expand while the cutting element 142 on the stoma portion 141 cuts the tissue.
  • the atrial septostomy device in each of the following embodiments can be applied to the atrial septostomy system.
  • FIG. 16 it is a schematic structural diagram of the first specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stoma main body 24 of the interatrial septostomy device 20 is a mesh cage structure, and the mesh cage structure can include a regular mesh cage body, and the mesh cage body includes a plurality of meshes for forming a cage body by interconnecting each other.
  • the frame body connecting rod 243 is a schematic structural diagram of the first specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stoma main body 24 of the interatrial septostomy device 20 is a mesh cage structure, and the mesh cage structure can include a regular mesh cage body, and the mesh cage body includes a plurality of meshes for forming a cage body by interconnecting each other.
  • the frame body connecting rod 243 The frame body connecting rod 243 .
  • the stoma portion 241 is disposed at the middle position of the mesh cage structure.
  • the cutting element is a cutting blade 242, the cutting blade 242 is arranged on the frame connecting rod 243 in the middle of the mesh cage frame structure, and the cutting blade 242 includes a cutting edge arranged away from the center direction of the mesh cage frame body structure.
  • the number of cutting blades 242 is four, and a frame connecting rod 213 without cutting blades 242 is spaced between two adjacent cutting blades.
  • the number of the cutting blades 242 may be more than two, and each cutting blade 242 can be evenly distributed on the frame connecting rod 243 at preset intervals, which is further conducive to the formation of a larger stoma diameter during ostomy treatment. It tends to be round, and because the round stoma diameter is not easy to be closed due to tissue endothelium crawling, it avoids the problem that the existing balloon stoma is an elongated opening that is directly torn and easily closed.
  • Each cutting blade 242 can be disposed on the outer edge or side of the corresponding frame connecting rod 243 , wherein when the cutting blade 242 is disposed on the outer edge of the frame connecting rod 243 , it is preferably disposed in the middle or substantially the middle of the frame connecting rod 243 . At the middle position; when the cutting blade 242 is set on the side of the frame connecting rod 243, it can be set on either side of the frame connecting rod 243, or the cutting blade 242 can be set on both sides of the frame connecting rod 243 .
  • the cutting blade 242 is disposed at one side of the frame connecting rod 243 .
  • the cutting blade 242 is an additional blade, which is connected to the frame connecting rod 243 on the mesh cage frame structure by welding or bonding.
  • the mesh cage body is in the expanded state and is cylindrical, and the cylindrical structure in the middle can stretch the tissue and form a channel to ensure the normal circulation of blood flow.
  • the cage body includes a plurality of trunk rods extending from both ends of the stoma main body 24 to the center direction, wherein the trunk rod extending downward from the upper end of the stoma main body 24 in the figure is the first trunk rod 244, which is made from the figure.
  • the main stem extending upward from the lower end of the mouth main body 24 is the second stem stem 245 .
  • a first branch rod 2441 is provided on the rod body of each first trunk rod 244
  • a second branch rod 2451 is provided on the rod body of each second trunk rod 245 .
  • the number of the first branch rods 2441 and the second branch rods 2451 is both two, that is, each trunk rod is connected to two branch rods.
  • the first branch rod 2441 extends in a direction away from the second trunk rod 245
  • the second branch rod 2451 extends in a direction close to the first trunk rod 244 .
  • the adjacent first branch rods 2441 on the two adjacent first main rods 244 are arranged to meet each other, and the adjacent second branch rods 2451 on the two adjacent second main rods 245 are also arranged to meet at the intersection of the second branch rods 2451.
  • the frame body connecting rod 243 is connected with a first trunk rod 244 .
  • the adjacent first branch rods 2441 on two adjacent first main rods 244 meet to form a V-shaped structure, and all the first branch rods 2441 are continuously arranged and connected in the circumferential direction into a ring.
  • first branch rod 2441 , the second branch rod 2451 and the frame connecting rod 243 are all straight rods, so the first branch rod 2441 , the second branch rod 2451 and the frame connecting rod 243 are connected to each other. It can form a hexagonal mesh, which can improve the overall structural strength of the mesh cage structure and help improve safety.
  • the plane formed by the V-shaped first branch rods is slightly folded outward in the radial direction, and a plane is formed between it and the central axis of the stoma stent. angle.
  • the frame connecting rod 243, the first trunk rod 244, the second trunk rod 245 and the corresponding branch rods can be integrally formed, and the stoma main body 24 can be a nickel-titanium alloy stent, Specifically, it can be woven from nickel-titanium alloy wire or cut from nickel-titanium tube.
  • the material of the cutting blade may be a metal material such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., or a non-metal material such as ceramics.
  • the support frame of the stoma main body 24 can be an elastic metal support frame or an elastic non-metal support frame.
  • the support frame when the mesh cage frame structure is made of metal, the support frame When the body is an elastic metal support skeleton, it includes an insulating area coated with an insulating coating and a preset conductive area located on the stoma 241 that is not coated with an insulating coating, wherein the preset conductive area can be formed by each
  • the frame body connecting rod 243 is formed, and the frame body connecting rod 243 can be directly connected to the power source through the wire or indirectly through the mesh cage body to form an electrode, so as to ablate the tissue, so as to obtain a more durable tissue stoma and reduce tissue rebound.
  • the insulating area can be set by the following method: insulating the frame at the position of the non-frame connecting rod 243, specifically, applying an insulating coating to the corresponding position, and the insulating coating can be a pie Ruilin (Parylene) and other polymer materials.
  • the ablation energy transmitted by the formed electrode includes, but is not limited to, radio frequency ablation energy, pulse energy, laser energy, ultrasonic energy, microwave energy and other energy sources with ablation effects.
  • the specific positions of the predetermined conductive area and the insulating area can be adjusted according to the ablation requirements, so as to cooperate with the cutting blade 242 to obtain a better stoma effect.
  • the cutting blade 242 when the material of the cutting blade 242 is a metal material, the cutting blade 242 can be directly connected to a power source through a wire, or electrically connected to a preset conductive area on the stoma 241 that is not coated with an insulating coating, After the conductive action of the connecting rod 243 of the frame body, the tissue can also be ablated to improve the ablation effect.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention under one embodiment
  • FIG. 18 is a transverse cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutting blade in FIG. 17 .
  • the cutting blade 242 ′ is in the shape of a long strip and has a trapezoidal structure, and both ends of the cutting blade 242 ′ along the extending direction of the blade are provided with smooth parts 2421 ′ that transition to the structure of the mesh cage to avoid The two ends of the cutting blade cause unnecessary cutting to the tissue, so as to ensure the relative accuracy of cutting.
  • the smooth portion 2421' may only be provided on either end of the cutting blade 242', so as to avoid cutting the tissue by the corresponding end.
  • the transverse section of the cutting blade 242' is triangular, and the blade edge is at a certain angle.
  • the cutting blade 242' with a triangular transverse cross-section can be fixed with the mesh cage body by bonding or welding. It can be understood that a rectangular parallelepiped root can also be provided below the triangular structure, so as to be embedded in the mesh cage structure to form a fixation.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention under another embodiment
  • FIG. 20 is a transverse cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutting blade in FIG. 19
  • FIG. 21 It is a schematic top view of the cutting blade in FIG. 19 .
  • the cutting blade 242 ′′ is in the shape of a long trapezoidal sheet, including a trapezoidal blade and a rectangular root, wherein the rectangular root is used to be embedded in the cage structure.
  • both ends along the extending direction of the blade are provided with smooth parts 2421 ′′ that transition to the cage structure, so as to avoid unnecessary cutting of tissue by the two ends of the cutting blade and ensure relatively accurate cutting sex.
  • the smooth portion 2421 ′′ can also only be provided on either end of the cutting blade 242 ′′, so as to avoid cutting the tissue by the corresponding end portion.
  • the transverse section of the cutting blade 242 ′′ is in the shape of a trapezoid, and its cutting edge has a straight cutting edge, so as to cut the tissue and form an incision, which can not only improve the sharpness of the cutting, but also ensure the Safe to cut. It can be understood that, when the cutting blade 242 ′′ is connected with the mesh cage structure by bonding or welding, the transverse section of the cutting blade 242 ′′ can also be trapezoidal.
  • the cutting blade 242′′ is in the shape of a triangular blade, which can cut the tissue with the cutting edge located on the two oblique sides, or cut the tissue with the rounded cutting edge located only at the top corner position.
  • the cutting blade of the atrial septostomy device provided by the present invention is mainly used for rapid cutting of tissue, which can be in the shape of a long strip or a triangular sheet, and its transverse cross-sectional shape can be triangular or triangular-like.
  • tissue can be in the shape of a long strip or a triangular sheet, and its transverse cross-sectional shape can be triangular or triangular-like.
  • Trapezoid, trapezoid-like structure according to different cutting requirements, the corresponding structure of the cutting blade can be set to cut the tissue.
  • the cutting blade can be composed of a plurality of sub-blades, and the plurality of sub-blades can be arranged in series or at preset intervals, thereby helping to improve the flexibility of the cutting blade to adapt to the expansion of the cage structure The transition action for the contracted state.
  • FIG. 23 it is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stoma main body 34 of the interatrial septostomy device 30 of this specific example is a mesh cage structure, and the mesh cage structure may include a regular mesh cage body. It includes a plurality of frame body connecting rods 343 for forming a frame body by connecting with each other.
  • the cutting blade 342 in this embodiment adopts the blade body structure in FIG. 17 .
  • the cutting blade 342 on the stoma portion 341 is disposed outside the frame body connecting rod 343 and is located at the middle position of the frame body connecting rod 343 .
  • the cage body includes a plurality of trunk rods extending from both ends of the stoma main body 34 to the center direction, wherein the trunk rod extending downward from the upper end of the stoma main body 34 in the figure is the first trunk rod
  • the main stem 344, the main stem extending upward from the lower end of the stoma main body 34 in the figure is the second main stem 345.
  • a first branch rod 3441 is provided on the rod body of each first trunk rod 344
  • a second branch rod 3451 is provided on the rod body of each second trunk rod 345 .
  • the number of the first branch rods 3441 and the second branch rods 3451 is two, that is, each trunk rod is connected to two branch rods.
  • the first branch rod 3441 extends in a direction away from the first trunk rod 344 and the second trunk rod 345
  • the second branch rod 3451 extends in a direction close to the first trunk rod 344 .
  • the adjacent first branch rods 3441 on the two adjacent first main rods 344 are arranged to intersect.
  • the adjacent first branch rods 3441 on the two adjacent first main rods 344 The intersection constitutes a V-shaped configuration, and all the first branch rods 3441 are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction and connected in a ring.
  • the plane formed by the V-shaped first branch rods is folded and extended radially outward, so that the upper end side has an umbrella-shaped structure, and the umbrella-shaped structure can ensure that the atrial septostomy device 30 will not move after release , which helps to improve the positioning stability of the entire device.
  • the adjacent second branch rods 3451 on the two adjacent second main rods 345 are also arranged to intersect, and are connected to a first main rod 344 through a frame connecting rod 343 at the intersection of the second branch rods 3451 .
  • the plane defined by the two adjacent first branch rods 3441 connected to each other forms an included angle with respect to the central axis of the stoma stent, and the included angle is greater than that in the first specific example above.
  • the first branch rod 3441 , the second branch rod 3451 and the frame connecting rod 343 are all straight rods, so the interconnected first branch rod 3441 , the second branch rod 3451 and the frame connecting rod 343 can form a hexagonal Shaped mesh holes can also improve the overall structural strength of the cage structure and help improve safety.
  • the connecting rods 343 of the cage can also be directly connected to the power supply through wires or indirectly through the cage to form electrodes, so as to ablate the tissue, so as to obtain better For a long-lasting tissue stoma, it can reduce the hidden dangers caused by tissue rebound, and can obtain a continuous tissue stoma without implanting any instruments and cutting and removing tissue blocks, reducing intraoperative complications. Risk of thrombosis after surgery.
  • insulation treatment is performed on the frame body at the position of the non-frame body connecting rod 343 , specifically, applying a parylene insulating coating to the corresponding position.
  • the cutting blade 342 when the material of the cutting blade 342 is a metal material, the cutting blade 342 can be directly connected to a power source through a wire, or electrically connected to a preset conductive area on the stoma 241 that is not coated with an insulating coating, After the conductive action of the connecting rods 343 of the frame body, the tissue can also be ablated to improve the ablation effect.
  • FIG. 24 it is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stoma main body 44 of the interatrial septostomy device 40 of the present specific example also includes a regular mesh cage body including a plurality of frames for forming a frame body by interconnecting each other. Body connecting rod 443.
  • the mesh cage structure of this embodiment adopts the mesh cage structure of the first embodiment.
  • the cutting blade 442 disposed on the stoma 441 adopts the cutter body structure shown in FIG. 19 , and the cutting blade 442 is integrally formed with the mesh cage frame structure, that is, the cutting blade 442 is used for cutting the frame body connecting rod 443 .
  • a cutting process is formed, and the cutting process may include, but is not limited to, a laser cutting process.
  • the cutting blade 442 is integrally formed with the cage structure, which is beneficial to the overall stability of the interatrial septostomy device, avoiding the risk of the cutting blade 442 falling, and on the other hand, it also reduces the difficulty of loading the cage structure into the conveyor. .
  • the mesh cage frame structure of this specific example may also adopt the mesh cage frame body structure of the second specific example.
  • FIG. 25 it is a schematic structural diagram of the atrial septostomy device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention under the fourth embodiment.
  • the stoma main body 54 of the interatrial septostomy device 50 of this specific example also includes a regular mesh cage body including a plurality of frames for forming a frame body by interconnecting Body connecting rod 543.
  • the mesh cage structure of this embodiment adopts the mesh cage structure of the first embodiment.
  • each frame connecting rod 543 is provided with an external electrode 544, that is, an ablation electrode with an ablation function is directly installed, and the mesh cage frame structure is made of metal, and the mesh is made of metal.
  • the cage structure is connected to a power source through wires and transmits electrical energy to the external electrode 544, so that the external electrode 544 can ablate tissue.
  • the additional electrodes 544 may also be evenly distributed and disposed on part of the frame body connecting rods 543 .
  • the external electrode 544 is a metal sheet with certain viscosity and flexibility, and its material can be one or a combination of metals with good electrical conductivity such as gold, platinum, and brass.
  • the cutting blade 542 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 543 of the frame body.
  • both the cutting blade 542 and the external electrode 544 may be disposed at a central position outside the frame connecting rod 543 .
  • the cutting blade 542 may also be disposed on the external electrode 544 .
  • the cutting blade 542 can be made of metal or non-metal. Wherein, when the cutting blade 542 is made of metal, the mesh cage structure or the wire can also transmit electrical energy to the cutting blade 542, so that the cutting blade 542 can also ablate the tissue.
  • the parts not connected to the external electrodes 544 can be insulated, for example, coated with an insulating coating of a polymer material such as parylene.
  • FIG. 26 it is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth specific example of the atrial septostomy device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stoma main body 64 of the interatrial septostomy device 60 of the present specific example also includes a regular mesh cage body including a plurality of frames for forming a frame body by interconnecting each other. Body connecting rod 643.
  • the mesh cage structure of this embodiment adopts the mesh cage structure of the first embodiment.
  • the structure of the mesh cage frame is made of non-metallic material, that is, the support frame body is a non-metal elastic support frame body.
  • an electrode 644 is attached to each frame connecting rod 643 , and the attached electrode 644 is connected to a power source through an external lead 645 to ablate tissue.
  • the additional electrodes 644 can also be evenly distributed and disposed on part of the frame body connecting rods 643 .
  • the cutting blade 642 is disposed on one side of the connecting rod 643 of the frame body, and the external electrode 644 is disposed at the middle position outside the connecting rod 643 of the frame body. In other embodiments, the cutting blade 642 and the external electrode 644 may both be disposed at a central position outside the frame body connecting rod 643 . Further, the cutting blade 642 may also be disposed on the external electrode 644 .
  • the formed electrode or the external electrode and the cutting blade can be arranged on the connecting rod of the frame body at a predetermined distance from each other, and at least one formed electrode is formed between the two adjacent cutting blades. Electrodes or external electrodes, and corresponding cutting blades can also be provided on each formed electrode. Certainly, the formed electrodes or external electrodes can also be arranged on the connecting rod of the frame body at preset intervals, and each cutting blade and a corresponding one of some or all of the ablation electrodes are arranged on the same connecting rod of the frame body.
  • the support frame of the interatrial septostomy device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can drive the stoma to move through its expansion and contraction activities, so as to realize the stoma treatment on the corresponding tissue.
  • the cutting element cuts the tissue to form an opening in the tissue, thereby accelerating the stoma treatment speed, and making it easier for the atrial septostomy device to expand the tissue to a target diameter during the stoma process, thereby enhancing the stoma treatment effect.
  • the cutting elements are arranged on the stoma in a uniform distribution manner, and the circular stoma caliber is not easy to be closed due to the crawling of the tissue endothelium, so the existing ball can be avoided.
  • a capsulostomy is a long, strip-shaped opening that is torn directly and has the problem of being easily closed.
  • the stoma is also provided with the function of ablating the tissue, and the realization of the ablation function can be realized by arranging a conductive structure on the stoma, such as electrifying the metal support frame, except for the stoma
  • the part of the stoma is insulated, or the cutting element is energized, and it can also be achieved by adding electrodes to the stoma.

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Abstract

一种造口装置(1,10),房间隔造口装置(1,10)包括造口主体(11,14),造口主体(11,14)包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊(111),在球囊(111)的外周上设有用于对组织进行切割和消融的造口部(112,141);或者造口主体(11,14)为可径向膨胀收缩的支撑架体,造口部(112,141)位于支撑架体的外周,造口部(112,141)包括用于对组织进行切割的切割元件(142)。还公开了一种造口系统(2,3,4,5,6),包括导管(21,31,41,51,61)及造口装置(1,10),造口装置(1,10)的造口主体(11,14)在收缩状态下设置在导管中(21,31,41,51,61),通过导管(21,31,41,51,61)将造口装置(1,10)输送至预设位置。

Description

造口装置及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种造口装置及系统。
背景技术
房间隔造口术为一种针对心力衰竭的治疗方案,其通过在患者房间隔处造口,从而形成左右心房间的分流,可用于治疗肺动脉高压(右向左分流)或左心衰(左向右分流),其有效性已在临床上有所证明。
现有的房间隔造口术中,有如球囊房间隔造口术,其利用现有的房间隔造口装置进行治疗,直接撕裂为一个长条状的造口,术后在造口处易存有心肌组织回弹的趋势,造成造口缩小甚至闭合的问题。
发明内容
为解决或至少减轻上述问题,本发明提供了一种造口装置及系统。
本发明第一方面提供了一种造口装置,包括造口主体,所述造口主体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊,
在所述球囊的外周上设有用于对组织进行切割和消融的造口部。
本发明第二方面提供了一种造口装置,包括可径向膨胀收缩的造口主体,所述造口主体上设有造口部,所述造口主体为可径向膨胀收缩的支撑架体,所述造口部位于所述支撑架体的外周;
所述造口部包括用于对组织进行切割的切割元件。
本发明第三方面还提供一种造口系统,包括导管和上述造口装置,所述造口装置的造口主体在收缩状态下设置在所述导管中,通过所述导管将所述造口装置输送至预设位置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的原理结构示意图;
图2为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第一具体示例的结构示意图;
图3为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第二具体示例的结构示意图;
图4为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第三具体示例的结构示意图;
图5为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第四具体示例的结构示意图;
图6为本发明房间隔造口装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第一具体应用例的结构示意图;
图7为本发明房间隔造口装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第二具体应用例的结构示意图;
图8为本发明房间隔造口装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第三具体应用例的结构示意图;
图9为本发明房间隔造口装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第四具体应用例的结构示意图;
图10为本发明房间隔造口装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第五具体应用例的结构示意图;
图11为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片的第一应用刀体结构示意图;
图12为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片的第二应用刀体结构示意图;
图13为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片的第三应用刀体结构示意图;
图14为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片的横向截面结构示意图;
图15为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的原理结构示意图;
图16为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第一具体示例的结构示意图;
图17为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片在一实施方式下的结构示意图;
图18为图17中的切割刀片的横向截面示意图;
图19为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片在另一实施方式下的结构示意图;
图20为图19中的切割刀片的横向截面示意图;
图21为图19中的切割刀片的俯视结构示意图;
图22为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片在又一实施方式下的结构示意图;
图23为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第二具体示例的结构示意图;
图24为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第三具体示例的结构示意图;
图25为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第四具体示例的结构示意图;
图26为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第五具体示例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。需要说明的是:本发明的造口装置及造口系统包括但不限于适用于房间隔造口,还可以适用于其他需造口的组织。在本文中,将以造口装置用于房间隔为例进行描述和说明。
参见图1,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的原理结构示意图,房间隔造口装置1包括用于对组织进行造口的造口主体11,造口主体11包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊111,球囊111由收缩状态变换为膨胀状态可通过向球囊111加压的方式实现,而由膨胀状态变换为收缩状态可通过对球囊111进行泄压的方式实现。
在球囊111的外周上设有用于对组织进行切割和消融的造口部112,可以理解的是,造口部112由球囊111带动以实现相应的处理操作:在球囊111由收缩状态变换为膨胀状态时,造口部112在球囊111本体带动下与组织接触并对组织进行挤压及切割,由此完成组织的切割处理操作,而在膨胀期间或者将组织扩张至目标直径时,还完成对切割形成的造口的消融处理操作;在球囊111由膨胀状态变换为收缩状态时,造口部112在球囊111本体带动下与组织分离并回收,由此完成收回处理操作。
本实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置1中,球囊111上的造口部112具备对组织的切割功能及对组织消融功能,便于将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更均匀,更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时,可利用消融功能消融造口后的组织,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
本实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置1中,造口部112上可设置切割元件实现对组织的切割,还可设置消融电极实现对组织进行消融;或者,造口部112上设有可同时实现切割功能与消融功能的切割元件。切割元件可以是切割刀片、切割线或其他能实现切割功能的部件。
参见图2,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第一具体示例的结构示意图。房间隔造口装置1`包括用于将房间隔组织撑开的造口主体11`,该造口主体11`具体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊111`,而在球囊111`的外周上设有实现造口作用的造口部112`,造口部112`用于对房间隔组织进行切割和消融。具体地,造口部112`包括用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片1121`,且在切割刀片1121`上设有金属部,该金属部可经导线与电源连接用于对组织进行消融,由此,切割刀片1121`可实现对组织的切割功能及消融功能。
可以理解的是,在切割刀片1121`整体为金属材质时,金属部可以为切割刀片1121`本体,该金属材质可以为铜、银、金、不锈钢、镍钛合金等材料。而在切割刀片1121`包含非金属材质如陶瓷等材质时,金属部可设置在切割刀片1121`的切削面或非切削面的部位上。
如图2所示,球囊111`处于充盈膨胀状态,造口部112`具体位于球囊111`的中部或大致中部位置处,在造口部112`上设有四片切割刀片1121`,四片切割刀片1121`均匀分布设置,在球囊111`扩张过程中,各片切割刀片1121`均朝背离球囊111`中心的方向切割组织以形成类圆形造口,此时,切割刀片1121`上通电的金属部可实时对切割开的组织进行消融。
本实施方式的房间隔造口装置1`可利用输送导管(图未示出)经输送器(图未示出)输送至待扩张部位,也即预设位置,在造口部112`处于待扩张部位位置后,切割刀片2121接通电源如射频源等消融能源,且向球囊111`加压使球囊111`慢慢扩张,球囊111`上的切割刀片1121`会在扩张的过程中不断地沿着球囊111`径向的方向切割造口处的组织。整个过程中射频能量通过球囊111`上的切割刀片1121`不断的对组织加热挛缩以达到一个预期的分流口。同时,均匀分布的切割刀片1121`有助于球囊111`较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。且通过切割刀片1121`上的金属部消融造口的组织,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少组织回弹带来的隐患。待消融完成后泄去球囊111`的压力后通过导管回收造口装置并且撤出体内,可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
本发明中,消融能源不限于射频能源,其还可以是:脉冲能源、激光能源、超声能源、微波能源、冷冻能源、或热球囊等。
可以理解的是,在具体应用时,切割刀片1121`的数量不限定为四片,其数量可以为两片及以上。切割刀片1121`的数量可根据球囊111`的大小、扩张的目标直径等因素确定。优选地,切割刀片均匀分布在球囊111`整体外周的造口部112`上。
本实施例中,球囊的材质可以是尼龙、PET(Polyethylene terephthalate,热塑性聚酯,或饱和聚酯)、硅胶等高分子材料,均为绝缘材质。切割刀片1121`可通过粘接固定在球囊111`的外部表面上,在其他实施例中,球囊111`本体或者其中部也可以为金属导电材质,切割刀片1121`焊接在球囊111`的腰部上,或者是与球囊111`一体加工成型,将球囊111`本体除与切割刀片1121`连接外的部位涂覆为绝缘结构,从而得到符合切割要求及导电要求的球囊111`本体,此时,所述球囊111`本体或者其腰部的金属导电材质的材 质可为铜、银、金、不锈钢、镍钛合金等。
参见图3,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的第二具体示例的结构示意图,房间隔造口装置1``包括用于将房间隔组织撑开的造口主体11``,该造口主体11``具体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊111``,而在球囊111``的外周上设有具体实现造口作用的造口部112``。本实施例中,造口部112``具体包括切割刀片1121``和消融电极1122``。切割刀片1121``用于对组织进行切割,而消融电极1122``经导电与电源连接以用于对组织进行消融。
本实施例中,消融电极1122``与切割刀片1121``之间可按预设间距相互间隔分布设置,两相邻的切割刀片1121``之间至少包括一个消融电极1122``,切割刀片1121``和消融电极1122``的数量可根据球囊111``的大小、扩张的目标直径等因素确定。
如图3所示,造口部112``具体位于球囊111``的中部或大致中部位置处,在造口部112``上均匀设置有三片切割刀片1121``,而在各片切割刀片1121``之间,则均匀排布有多个消融电极1122``。在球囊111``扩张过程中,各片切割刀片1121``均朝背离球囊111``中心的方向切割组织以形成类圆形造口,与此同时,通电的消融电极1122``可实时对切割的组织及组织附近的部位进行消融。
本实施例的房间隔造口装置1``可利用输送导管(图未示出)经输送器(图未示出)输送至待扩张部位,在造口部112``处于待扩张部位位置后,扩张的球囊111``可带动位于其上的切割刀片1121``对组织进行切割,实现对组织的扩张。均匀分布设置的切割刀片1121`有助于球囊111``较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于圆形,圆形的造口口径不易因为组织内皮爬附生长而导致造口闭合,避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。与此同时,可通过消融电极1122``消融造口后的组织,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少组织回弹带来的隐患,可降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
本实施例中,切割刀片1121``可通过粘接方式固定在球囊111``的外部表面上,此时的粘接材料可为聚酰胺等材料。当然,切割刀片1121``也可以直接形成于球囊111``的外部表面上,也即通过一体加工成型球囊111``本体及球囊111``上的切割刀片1121``。切割刀片1121``可由金属材质加工而成,此时的材质可为不锈钢、镍钛合金等材料。在一些应用场景中,切割刀片1121``还可为非金属材料,如陶瓷等。
可以理解的是,在切割刀片1121``为金属材质时,切割刀片1121``同样可经导线与电源连接以对组织进行消融,此时,本实施方式中的切割刀片1121``和消融电极1122``均具有消融功能。
本实施例中,消融电极1122``可为外接的金属极板,此时,消融电极1122``可通过焊接或粘接的方式固定在球囊111``上。当然,在球囊111``为金属材质时,消融电极1122``也可为形成于球囊111``的外部表面上,也即通过一体加工成型球囊111``本体及球囊111``上的金属极板(以作为消融电极),此时,切割刀片1121``可为非金属材料,也可为金属材料。
本实施例中,消融电极1122``优选为柔性电极,其的整体或是外表面的材质采用具有良好导电性的金属,优选铜、银、金等,而其的形状可为椭圆形、圆角矩形,亦或是其他形状。
参见图4,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第三具体示例的结构示意图。与第一具体示例相似地,房间隔造口装置1```包括将房间隔组织撑开的造口主体11```,造口主体11```具体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊111```,在球囊111```的外周上设有具体实现造口作用的造口部112```,造口部112```包括切割刀片1121```和消融电极1122```,其中,切割刀片1121```用于对组织进行切割,消融电极1122```经导线与电源连接以对组织进行消融,与第一具体示例、第二具体示例不同之处在于,切割刀片1121```设置在消融电极1122```上,且一一对应。
如图4所示,球囊111```处于充盈膨胀状态,造口部112```位于球囊111```的中部或是大致中部位置处,在造口部112```上均匀分布有三个消融电极1122```,在每个消融电极1121```上均设有一片切割刀片1121```。在球囊111```扩张过程中,各片切割刀片1121```均朝背离球囊111```中心的方向切割组织以形成类圆形造口,此时,切割刀片1121```下的消融电极1122```可实时对切割开的组织进行消融。此外,在切割刀片1121```为金属材料时,也可经导线与电源连接,或切割刀片1121```与消融电极1122```电连接如焊接,即切割刀片1121```还可用于对组织进行消融,以实现对切割位置的组织进行多方位的消融,更进一步地提高造口的稳定性和孔径精准性。
本实施例的房间隔造口装置1```可利用输送导管(图未示出)经输送器(图未示出)输送至待扩张部位,在造口部112```处于待扩张部位位置后,扩张的球囊111```可带动位于其上的切割刀片1121```对组织进行切割,实现组织的扩张。同时,均匀分布的切割刀片1121```有助于球囊111```较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。与此同时,可通过消融电极1122```消融造口的组织,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,得到一个持续性的组织造口,减少术中和术后产生血栓的风险。
可以理解的是,消融电极1122```的数量可根据消融需求确定,而消融电极1122```可通过粘接或焊接方式固定在球囊111```上。
可以理解的是,切割刀片1121```可为非金属材料,此时,切割刀片1121```可通过粘接或卡接方式与消融电极1122```连接;切割刀片1122```可为金属材料,此时切割刀片1121```可与消融电极1122```一体成型,或者,通过粘接、焊接或卡接方式与消融电极1122```连接。
参见图5,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第四具体示例的结构示意图。房间隔造口装置1````包括将房间隔组织撑开的造口主体11````,造口主体11````具体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊111````,在球囊111````的外周上设有具体实现造口作用的造口部112````,造口部112````包括切割刀片1121````和消融电极1122````,其中,切割刀片1121````用于对组织进行切割,消融电极1122````经导线与电源连接以对组织进行消融,与前述实施方式不同之处在于,切割刀片1121````设置在部分的消融电极1122````上。
如图5所示,球囊111````处于充盈膨胀状态,造口部112````位于球囊111````的中部或是大致中部位置处,在造口部112````上均匀分布的消融电极1122````的其中三个上分别设有一片切割刀片1121````。在球囊111````扩张过程中,各片切割刀片1121````均朝背离球囊111````中心的方向切割组织以形成类圆形造口,此时,切割刀片1121````下的消融电极1122````部可实时对切割开的组织进行消融,而消融切割刀片1121````之间的消融电极1122````同样对组织进行消融。同样地,在切割刀片1121````为金属材料时,也可经导线与电源连接,或切割刀片1121````与消融电极1122````电连接如焊接,即切割刀片1121````还可用于对组织进行消融,进一步实现对切割位置的组织进行多方位的消融,更进一步地提高造口的稳定性和孔径精准性。
可以理解的是,同样地,切割刀片1121````可为非金属材料,此时,切割刀片1121````可通过粘接或卡接方式与消融电极1122````连接;切割刀片1122```可为金属材料,此时切割刀片1121````可与消融电极1122````一体成型,或者,通过粘接、焊接或卡接方式与消融电极1122````连接。
本实施例的房间隔造口装置1````可利用输送导管(图未示出)经输送器(图未示出)输送至待扩张部位,在造口部112````处于待扩张部位位置后,扩张的球囊111````可带动位于其上的切割刀片1121````对组织进行切割,实现组织的扩张。同时,均匀分布的切割刀片1121````同样有助于球囊111````较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。与此同时,可通过位于切割刀片1121````下及相邻切割刀片间、的消融电极1122````消融造口的组织,消融效果更佳,更有助于获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,减少术中和术后产生血栓的风险。
参见图6,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第一具体应用例的结构示意图。房间隔造口系统2包括电源(图未示出)、输送器(图未示出)、输送导管21及可活动设置在输送导管21上的房间隔造口装置22,利用输送器(图未示出)可驱动房间隔造口装置22沿输送导管21运动以抵至待扩张部位,而电源可为房间隔造口装置22提供消融所需的电能。
本具体应用例中的房间隔造口装置22对应图2中第一具体示例中的结构,其中,房间隔造口装置22包括造口主体221,造口主体221包括球囊2211,此处,球囊2211为充盈膨胀状态,呈椭圆柱状体。在球囊2211的椭圆柱状体中部位置处设有造口部2212,在造口部2212上设有三片用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片22121,三片切割刀片22121均匀分布在造口部2212上,形成环绕椭圆柱状体的短轴周向的结构,切割刀片22121经导线23与电源进行连接,以对组织进行消融。
本应用例中的切割刀片22121为具有金属部分的刀片结构,该金属部通过导线23与电源形成电连接,此时切割刀片22121兼具对组织进行切割的功能及对组织进行消融的功能。
在操作应用时,首先将房间隔造口装置22置于输送导管21中,此时的房间隔造口装置22中,球囊2211处于收缩状态下。其后,在输送器的驱动作用下经输送导管21输送至待扩张部位,也即预设位置。再后,向球囊2211加压以使球囊2211膨胀并最终膨胀至设定大小,以将组织扩张至目标直径,而在球囊2211膨胀期间,利用切割刀片22121对组织进行切割,均匀分布的切割刀片2121有助于球囊2211较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时具有金属部的切割刀片22121还可对其切割的组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少组织回弹带来的隐患,使得造口后组织回缩的现象得到更佳的改善;且可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
参见图7,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第二具体应用例的结构示意图。房间隔造口系统3同样包括电源(图未示出)、输送器(图未示出)、输送导管31及可活动设置在输送导管31上的房间隔造口装置32,利用输送器(图未示出)可驱动房间隔造口装置32沿输送导管31运动以抵至待扩张部位,而电源可为房间隔造口装置32提供消融所需的电能。
与前述的具体应用例结构不同之处在于:
本具体应用例中的房间隔造口装置32对应图3中第二具体示例中的结构,其中,房间隔造口装置32包括造口主体321,造口主体321包括球囊3211,此处,球囊3211为充盈膨胀状态,且同样呈椭圆柱状体。在球囊3211的椭圆柱状体中部位置处设有造口部3212,在造口部3212上则设有三片用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片32121,三片切割刀片32121均匀分布在造口部3212上,形成环绕椭圆柱状体的短轴周向的结构。在相邻的切割刀片32121之间设有消融电极32122,消融电极32122经导线33与电源连接以对组织进行消融。此处,消融电极32122的形状包括但不限于呈椭圆形结构。
本具体应用例中,消融电极32122与切割刀片32121之间按预设间距相互间隔分布设置,且两相邻的切割刀片32121之间至少包括一个消融电极32122。进一步地,消融电极32122之间亦可按预设间距分布设置。如图7所示,在其中一个实施例中,相邻的消融电极32122之间等间距设置,且相邻的切割刀片3212之间设有三个消融电极32122。
在操作应用时,与第一具体应用例同理,在球囊3211膨胀期间,利用切割刀片32121对组织进行切割,均匀分布的切割刀片32121有助于球囊3211较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时设置的消融电极32122还可对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少术中和术后产生血栓的风险,同样可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
参见图8,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第三具体应用例的结构示意图。房间隔造口系统4同样包括电源(图未示出)、输送器(图未示出)、输送导管41及可活动设置在输送导管41上的房间隔造口装置42,利用输送器(图未示出)可驱动房间隔造口装置42沿输送导管41运动以抵至待扩张部位,而电源可为房间隔造口装置42提供消融所需的电能。
房间隔造口装置42包括造口主体421,造口主体421包括球囊4211,此处,球囊4211为充盈膨胀状态,且同样呈椭圆柱状体。在球囊4211的椭圆柱状体中部位置处设有造口部4212,在造口部4212上则设有三片用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片42121,三片切割刀片42121均匀分布在造口部4212上,形成环绕椭圆柱状体的短轴周向的结构。在相邻的切割刀片42121之间设有消融电极42122,消融电极42122经导线43与电源连接以对组织进行消融。
本具体应用例为对应图7中第二具体应用例的一种变体结构,区别在于,本具体应用例中的切割刀片42121可为金属材质,此时,切割刀片42121还可与导线43连接以对组织进行消融,此情形下,切割刀片42121、消融电极42122均可对切割的组织及其周围的组织进行消融,且消融效果更佳。
参见图9,为本发明房间隔造装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第四具体应用例的结构示意图。房间隔造口系统5同样包括电源(图未示出)、输送器(图未示出)、输送导管51及可活动设置在输送导管51上的房间隔造口装置52,利用输送器(图未示出)可驱动房间隔造口装置52沿输送导管51运动以抵至待扩张部位,而电源可为房间隔造口装置52提供消融所需的电能。
与前述具体应用例结构不同之处在于:
本具体应用例中的房间隔造口装置52对应图5中第四具体示例的结构,其中,房间隔造口装置52包括造口主体521,造口主体521包括球囊5211,此处,球囊5211为充盈膨胀状态,且同样呈椭圆柱状体。在球囊5211的椭圆柱状体中部位置处设有造口部5212,在造口部5212上则设有三片用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片52121及多个消融电极52122,多个消融电极52122按预设间距分布设置,而三片切割刀片52121分别设置在部分的消融电极52122上,且切割刀片52121之间按预设间距分布设置,形成环绕椭圆柱状体的短轴周向的结构。消融电极52122经导线53与电源连接以对组织进行消融。且上述切割刀片52121还可经导线与电源连接,或切割刀片52121与消融电极52122电连接如焊接,即上述切割刀片52121以还用于对组织进行消融,以对切割位置的组织进行多方位消融,并更进一步的提高造口的稳定性和孔径精准性。
在操作应用时,与前述具体应用例同理,在球囊5211膨胀期间,利用切割刀片52121对组织进行切割,均匀分布的切割刀片52121有助于球囊5211较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时设置的消融电极52122还可对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
可以理解的是,作为本具体应用例的一种变体,可在每个消融电极52122上均对应设置一切割刀片52121,此时的房间隔造口装置对应图4中第三实施方式中的结构,以同样实现:避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时设置的消融电极还可对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可以在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,而得到一个持续性的组织造口,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
参见图10,为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造装置应用于房间隔造口系统中的第五具体应用例的结构示意图。房间隔造口系统6同样包括电源(图未示出)、输送器(图未示出)、输送导管61及可活动设置在输送导管61上的房间隔造口装置62,利用输送器(图未示出)可驱动房间隔造口装置62沿输送导管61运动以抵至待扩张部位,而电源可为房间隔造口装置62提供消融所需的电能。
与前述具体应用例结构不同之处在于:
本具体应用例中的房间隔造口装置62包括造口主体621,造口主体621包括处于充盈膨胀装填下的球囊6211,呈8字型柱状体。在8字型柱状体的凹陷位置处设有造口部6212,在造口部6212上则设有三片用于对组织进行切割的切割刀片62121,三片切割刀片62121均匀分布在造口部6212上,形成环绕椭圆柱状体的短轴周向的结构。在相邻的切割刀片62121之间设有消融电极62122,消融电极62122经导线63与电源连接以对组织进行消融。此处,消融电极62122的形状包括但不限于呈圆角矩形结构。
在其他实施例中,上述切割刀片62121与消融电极62122的数量可根据球囊6211的大小、扩张的目标直径等因素确定。
在其他实施例中,上述8字型柱状体的球囊6211的切割刀片62121与消融电极62122之间的分布,以及与电源的连接,还可以是包括但不限于上述图2~图9的分布和连接关系,此处不再赘述。
在操作应用时,与前述具体应用例同理,在球囊6211膨胀期间,利用切割刀片62121对组织进行切割,均匀分布的切割刀片62121有助于球囊6211较为容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,且形成的造口口径更趋向于类圆形,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。同时设置的消融电极62122还可对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,同样可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。可以理解的是,球囊6211还可为其他形状,如水滴状。
参见图11至图13,其中,图11为本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片的第一应用刀体结构示意图;图12为切割刀片的第二应用刀体结构示意图;图13为切割刀片的第三应用刀体结构示意图。如图11所示,可对应参见图6中的切割刀片结构,切割刀片32121与球囊本体接触的一侧呈波浪状结构,波浪状结构的凹陷部位呈T字型状。如图12所示,为对应图11中的一种变体结构,切割刀片32121`波浪状结构的凹陷部位呈半圆状。
图11和图12中,利用设置的波浪状结构,可提高切割刀片整体的柔性,以更好地匹配球囊的膨胀及收缩结构,有利于避免不必要的切割。
可以理解的是,图11和图12中的切割刀片的刀体呈圆角矩形,根据不同的组织切割需要,其还可为梯形或是圆弧形等。
本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片中,优选在切割刀片沿刀刃延伸方向的至少一端上设有过渡至球囊本体的平滑部,也即对应图11和图12的端部圆角R位置处,设置的平滑部可避免切割刀片的端部对组织造成不必要切割的情形,保障切割的相对准确性。
如图13所示,为切割刀片的另一种变体结构,切割刀片32121``包括多个按预设间隔距离排列设置的子刀片,以同样达到提高切割刀片32121``整体的柔性之目的。此处,子刀片呈T字型状结构,刀刃位于T字型状结构的横直部上,而T字型状结构的竖直部则用于与球囊连接。在图13的另一种变体结构,切割刀片32121``可包括多个连续排列设置的子刀片,各个子刀片的设置相对更为紧凑。
可以理解的是,图11至图13所展示的刀体结构可应用于图2至图10中的任一切割刀片中。当然,根据不同切割需求,切割刀片亦可不设置波浪状结构,和/或不设置子刀片结构。
参见图14,为本发明提供切割刀片的横向截面结构示意图,可对应参见图6中的切割刀片结构,切割刀片32121的横向截面呈楔形状,上部的三角形尖端为刃口,优选的刃口角度范围为30度至40度之间,既可以提高切割的锋利度,也保证切割的安全。可以理解的是,在一些变体结构中,切割刀片32121的横向截面还可呈梯形状,以适应不同切割需求。
可以理解的是,图2至图13中所展示的切割刀片的横向截面均可与本图中的横向截面结构一致。
可以理解的是,图1至图14所展示的结构均为相对规则的形体结构,在实际生产过程中,根据实际需要,图1至图14所展示的结构均可变化为其他不规则的形体结构。
综合图1至图14,本发明第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置及系统,在球囊的外周上设有用于对组织进行切割和消融的造口部,造口部在球囊的带动以实现对组织的切割功能及消融功能,可将组织扩张到目标直径,同时还可利用消融功能消融造口后的组织,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,减少组织回弹带来的隐患,降低术中和/或术后产生血栓的风险。
本发明第一实施方式提供的各具体示例和具体应用例中,球囊优选为非顺应性球囊,其随球囊扩张压力的增加,直径变化相对不明显,具有较高的爆破压力,尺寸亦更容易控制。可以理解的是,球囊还可适用于冷冻消融,此时,无需设置消融电极,仅设置切割刀片及在球囊中加入液态制冷剂,即可实现对组织的切割功能及消融功能。
由于本发明实施例的造口装置可对组织进行切割和实时消融,因而本发明可克服:现有的球囊房间隔造口术在造口后有心肌组织回弹的趋势,可能带来造口缩小甚至闭合的问题;现有的房间隔造术用及的装置如房间隔切割及抓取装置、心房分流植入装置等,在采用房间隔切割及抓取装置进行治疗的情形下,存在抓取装置在术中发生松动的隐患,或者,存在回收装置时导致所切割的组织脱落形成栓塞;在采用心房分流置入装置进行治疗的情形下,存在血栓形成几率较高的隐患,或者,因器械脱落致使形成栓塞的隐患。
以上实施例中,均以造口主体为可膨胀收缩的球囊为例进行说明。事实上,造口主体不限于球囊,其也可以为可膨胀收缩的支撑架体。以下将对以可膨胀收缩的支撑架体作为造口主体的实施例进行详细说明。
参见图15,为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的原理结构示意图。为便于观察及确定相应部位的表达,对规则的房间隔造口装置10中的后半部分结构部分进行消除处理,但并不用于限制其的整体结构。可以理解的是,下述各实施方式中的房间隔造口装置的结构示意图均参照该处理方式进行处理。
房间隔造口装置10包括可径向膨胀收缩的造口主体14,该造口主体14为可径向膨胀收缩的支撑架体,在支撑架体的外周上设有造口部141,而所述造口部141则进一步包括用于对组织进行切割的切割元件142。此处,所述切割元件142的切割侧背离支撑架体的中心方向设置。
在进行房间隔造口处理时,支撑架体可通过其径向膨胀收缩活动带动造口部141活动以实现对相应组织的造口处理,同时造口部141上的切割元件142对组织进行切割以使组织形成开口,进而加快造口处理速度,并使得房间隔造口装置在造口过程中更容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,增强造口处理效果,且形成的造口口径更均匀,更趋向于类圆形,圆形的造口口径不易因为组织内皮爬附而闭合,可避免现有球囊造口为直接撕裂的一个长条状伤口存在容易闭合的问题。
如图15所示,支撑架体处于膨胀状态,呈椭圆筒形。在一些实施方式中,处于膨胀状态的支撑架体也可为圆筒形结构、伞状、8字形状或者其他组合形状结构。优选地,支撑架体是自膨胀结构。
可以理解的是,所述切割元件可包括但不限于为物理刀刃如切割刀片等。
本发明中,所述房间隔造口装置10主要应用于房间隔造口系统中,所述房间隔造口系统可包括导管,而房间隔造口装置10的造口主体14在收缩状态下位于导管中,并经导管输送至预设造口位置处。其后,可通过释放房间隔造口装置,并控制造口主体14缓慢地膨胀,与此同时,造口部141上的切割元件142对组织进行切割。
可以理解的是,下述的各实施方式中的房间隔造口装置均可运用于所述房间隔造口系统中。
参见图16,为本发明提供第一实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第一具体示例的结构示意图。房间隔造口装置20的造口主体24为网笼架体结构,该网笼架体结构可包括规则的网笼架体,该网笼架体包括多根用于通过相互连接形成架体的架体连接杆243。
本实施例中,造口部241设置在网笼架体结构的中部位置处。切割元件为切割刀片242,该切割刀片242设置在网笼架体结构中部的架体连接杆243上,且切割刀片242包括背离网笼架体结构的中心方向设置的刀刃。
本实施例中,切割刀片242的数量为四,相邻的两切割刀片之间间隔有一未设置切割刀片242的架体连接杆213。在实际应用中,所述切割刀片242的数量大于二即可,各片切割刀片242可按预设间隔均匀分布在架体连接杆243上,进一步有利于在造口处理时形成造口口径更趋于圆形,又由于圆形的造口口径不易因为组织内皮爬附而闭合,因而避免了现有球囊造口是直接撕裂的一个长条状的开口存在容易闭合的问题。
每片切割刀片242可设置在相应的架体连接杆243的外边或侧边,其中,在切割刀片242设置在架体连接杆243的外边时,优选设置在架体连接杆243的中部或大致中部位置处;在切割刀片242设置在架体连接杆243的侧边时,其可设置在架体连接杆243的任一侧,也可在架体连接杆243的两侧均设置切割刀片242。此处,切割刀片242设置在架体连接杆243的一侧边位置处。
此处,所述切割刀片242为外加刀片,通过焊接或粘接方式与网笼架体结构上的架体连接杆243连接。
如图16所示,网笼架体处于膨胀状态下,呈圆筒状,其中部的圆筒结构可将组织撑开并形成一个保证血流正常流通的通道。网笼架体包括自造口主体24两端向中心方向延伸的多根主干杆,其中,自图中造口主体24的上端向下延伸的主干杆为第一主干杆244,自图中造口主体24的下端向上延伸的主干杆为第二主干杆245。在各根第一主干杆244的杆体上均设有第一分支杆2441,在各根第二主干杆245的杆体上均设有第二分支杆2451。此处,所述第一分支杆2441与第二分支杆2451的数量均为二,也即每根主干杆与两分支杆连接。所述第一分支杆2441向远离第二主干杆245的方向延伸,所述第二分支杆2451向靠近第一主干杆244的方向延伸。
两相邻第一主干杆244上的相邻第一分支杆2441交汇设置,两相邻第二主干杆245上的相邻第二分支杆2451亦交汇设置,并在第二分支杆2451交汇处通过一所述架体连接杆243与一第一主干杆244形成 连接。
本实施例中,在造口装置膨胀状态下,两相邻第一主干杆244上的相邻第一分支杆2441交汇构成V形构造,所有第一分支杆2441沿周向连续排布并连接成环。
本实施例中,第一分支杆2441、第二分支杆2451及架体连接杆243均为直杆型杆体,因而相互连接的第一分支杆2441、第二分支杆2451及架体连接杆243可构成一六边形网孔,可提升网笼架体结构的整体结构强度,有助于提升安全性。
优选地,本实施例中,在造口装置膨胀状态下,连接成V形的第一分支杆所构成的平面沿径向略向外翻折,其与造口支架的中心轴线之间形成一夹角。
本实施例中,所述架体连接杆243、所述第一主干杆244、所述第二主干杆245及相应的分支杆可一体成型,所述造口主体24可为镍钛合金支架,具体可由镍钛合金丝编织而成,也可由镍钛管切割而成。
本实施例中,所述切割刀片的材质可以是金属材质例如不锈钢、钛合金等,也可以是非金属材质例如陶瓷等。
上述造口主体24的支撑架体可为弹性金属支撑骨架或弹性非金属支撑骨架,在本实施例的一具体应用例中,在所述网笼架体结构为金属材质时,也即支撑架体为弹性金属支撑骨架时,其包括涂覆有绝缘涂层的绝缘区及位于造口部241上的未涂覆有绝缘涂层的预设导电区,其中所述预设导电区可由各根架体连接杆243构成,架体连接杆243可直接经导线或通过网笼架体间接与电源连接形成电极,以对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,得到一个持续性的组织造口,减少术中和术后产生血栓的风险。与此同时,所述绝缘区可通过如下方式设置:对非架体连接杆243位置处的架体进行绝缘处理,具体为对相应位置处涂覆绝缘涂层,所述绝缘涂层可为派瑞林(Parylene)等高分子材料。此处,形成的电极传输的消融能量包括但不限于为射频消融能源,脉冲能源、激光能源、超声能源、微波能源等具有消融作用的能源。
可以理解的是,所述预设导电区及绝缘区的具体位置可视消融需求进行调整,以配合切割刀片242得到更加的造口效果。
可以理解的是,在切割刀片242的材质为金属材质时,切割刀片242可直接经导线与电源连接,或与造口部241上的未涂覆有绝缘涂层的预设导电区电连接,经架体连接杆243的导电作用后,可同样对组织进行消融,提升消融效果。
参见图17和图18,其中,图17为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片在一实施方式下的结构示意图;图18为图17中的切割刀片的横向截面示意图。如图17所示,切割刀片242`呈长条形片状,且为梯形状结构,且其沿刀刃延伸方向的两端均设有过渡至网笼架体结构的平滑部2421`,以避免切割刀片的两端部对组织造成不必要切割的情形,保障切割的相对准确性。可以理解的是,平滑部2421`可以仅设置在切割刀片242`的任一端,以避免相应端部对组织造成切割。
如图18所示,切割刀片242`的横向截面呈三角形,刀片刃口呈一定的角度,优选的刃角范围在30度到40度之间,既可以提高切割的锋利度,也保证切割的安全。横向截面呈三角形的切割刀片242`可通过粘接或焊接的方式与网笼架体形成固定。可以理解的是,在三角形结构的下方还可设置一长方体根部,以嵌设于网笼架体结构中形成固定。
参见图19至图22,其中,图19为本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片在另一实施方式下的结构示意图;图20为图19中的切割刀片的横向截面示意图;图21为图19中的切割刀片的俯视结构示意图。如图19所示,切割刀片242``呈长条类梯形片状,包括梯形刀刃及长方形根部,其中,长方形根部用于嵌设在网笼架体结构上。同样地,其沿刀刃延伸方向的两端均设有过渡至网笼架体结构的平滑部2421``,以避免切割刀片的两端部对组织造成不必要切割的情形,保障切割的相对准确性。可以理解的是,平滑部2421``同样可以只设置在切割刀片242``的任一端,以避免相应端部对组织造成切割。
如图20和图21所示,切割刀片242``的横向截面呈类梯形状,其的刀刃具有平直刃口,以对组织进行切割并形成切口,既可以提高切割的锋利度,也保证切割的安全。可以理解的是,在切割刀片242``通过粘接或焊接方式与网笼架体结构形成连接时,切割刀片242``的横向截面还可呈梯形。
如图22所示,切割刀片242```呈三角形片状,其可利用位于两斜边上的刀刃对组织进行切割,或者利用仅位于顶角位置处圆角刀刃对组织进行切割。
综合图17至图22,本发明提供的房间隔造口装置的切割刀片主要用于对组织进行快速切割,可呈长条形片状或三角形片状,其横向截面形状可为三角形、类三角形、梯形、类梯形结构,根据不同的切割需求,可设置相应结构的切割刀片对组织进行切割。
可以理解的是,在切割刀片通过嵌设方式固定于架体连接杆上时,架体连接杆上的相应位置处可设置一开槽,该固定方式可使得切割刀片与架体连接杆形成的连接更稳定,且更便于焊接,此情形下,通过嵌设及焊接方式可使切割刀片的固定效果更佳。
作为一种变体结构,所述切割刀片可由多个子刀片构成,多个子刀片可连续排列设置或按预设间隔设置,从而有助于提升切割刀片的柔性,以适应网笼架体结构的膨胀收缩状态的变换动作。
参见图23,为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第二具体示例的结构示意图。与第一具体示例相似地,本具体示例的房间隔造口装置30的造口主体34为网笼架体结构,该网笼架体结构可包括规则的网笼架体,该网笼架体包括多根用于通过相互连接形成架体的架体连接杆343,本实施例的切割刀片342采用图17中的刀体结构。相同部分请参考上文关于第一具体示例的相关描述,在此不再赘述。
与第一具体示例不同之处在于:
本具体示例中,在造口部341上的切割刀片342设置在架体连接杆343的外边,且位于架体连接杆343的中部位置处。
如图23所示,所述网笼架体包括自造口主体34两端向中心方向延伸的多根主干杆,其中,自图中造口主体34的上端向下延伸的主干杆为第一主干杆344,自图中造口主体34的下端向上延伸的主干杆为第二主干杆345。在各根第一主干杆344的杆体上均设有第一分支杆3441,在各根第二主干杆345的杆体上均设有第二分支杆3451。此处,所述第一分支杆3441与第二分支杆3451的数量均为二,也即每根主干杆与两分支杆连接。所述第一分支杆3441向远离第一主干杆344及第二主干杆345的方向延伸,所述第二分支杆3451向靠近第一主干杆344的方向延伸。
两相邻第一主干杆344上的相邻第一分支杆3441交汇设置,本实施例中,在造口装置膨胀状态下,两相邻第一主干杆344上的相邻第一分支杆3441交汇构成V形构造,所有第一分支杆3441沿周向连续排布并连接成环。所述连接成V形的第一分支杆所构成的平面沿径向向外翻折延伸,使得上端侧呈伞形结构,该伞形结构可保证房间隔造口装置30在释放后不会移动,有助于提升整个装置的定位稳定性。两相邻第二主干杆345上的相邻第二分支杆3451亦交汇设置,并在第二分支杆3451交汇处通过一所述架体连接杆343与一第一主干杆344形成连接。
优先地,在造口装置膨胀状态下,相互连接的两相邻的第一分支杆3441所限定的平面相对于造口支架的中心轴线形成一夹角,该夹角大于上述第一具体示例中连接成V形的第一分支杆所构成的平面与造口支架的中心轴线之间形成的夹角。
第一分支杆3441、第二分支杆3451及架体连接杆343均为直杆型杆体,因而相互连接的第一分支杆3441、第二分支杆3451及架体连接杆343可构成一六边形网孔,同样可提升网笼架体结构的整体结构强度,有助于提升安全性。
本实施例中,在所述网笼架体结构为金属材质时,架体连接杆343同样可直接经导线或通过网笼架体间接与电源连接形成电极,以对组织进行消融,以便获得更为持久的组织造口,可减少组织回弹带来的隐患,且可在不植入任何器械和不切割掉并取出组织块的情况下,得到一个持续性的组织造口,减少术中和术后产生血栓的风险。与此同时,对非架体连接杆343位置处的架体进行绝缘处理,具体为对相应位置处涂覆派瑞林绝缘涂层。
可以理解的是,在切割刀片342的材质为金属材质时,切割刀片342可直接经导线与电源连接,或与造口部241上的未涂覆有绝缘涂层的预设导电区电连接,经架体连接杆343的导电作用后,可同样对组织进行消融,提升消融效果。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的电极与切割刀片342结合关系及分布关系的设置,可参照适用第一实施例的具体应用例。
参见图24,为本发明提供第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第三具体示例的结构示意图。与第一具体示例相似地,本具体示例的房间隔造口装置40的造口主体44同样包括规则的网笼架体,该网笼架体包括多根用于通过相互连接形成架体的架体连接杆443。本实施方式的网笼架体结构采用第一实施方式中的网笼架体结构。相同部分请参考上文关于第一具体示例的相关描述,在此不再赘述。
与第一具体示例不同之处在于:
本实施例中,设置在造口部441上的切割刀片442采用图19中的刀体结构,切割刀片442与网笼架体结构一体成型,也即切割刀片442是对架体连接杆443进行切割加工形成,该切割工艺可包括但不限于为激光切割加工。切割刀片442与网笼架体结构一体成型,有利于房间隔造口装置整体的稳定性,避免了切割刀片442掉落的风险,另一方面也为网笼架体结构装载进输送器降低难度。
可以理解的是,作为一种变体结构,本具体示例的网笼架体结构还可采用第二具体示例中的网笼架体结构。
参见图25,为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置在第四实施方式下的结构示意图。与第一具体示例相似地,本具体示例的房间隔造口装置50的造口主体54同样包括规则的网笼架体,该网笼架体包括多根用于通过相互连接形成架体的架体连接杆543。本实施例的网笼架体结构采用第一实施例中的网笼架体结构。相同部分请参考上文关于第一具体示例的相关描述,在此不再赘述。
与第一实施例不同之处在于:
本实施例中,在造口部541上,每根架体连接杆543上均设置有外加电极544,也即直接设置一具有消融功能的消融电极,且网笼架体结构为金属材质,网笼架体结构通过导线与电源连接并向外加电极544传输电能,从而使得外加电极544可对组织进行消融。在其他实施例中,外加电极544也可以均匀分布设置在部分架体连接杆543上。外加电极544为具有一定粘性和柔软性的金属片,其材质可以为黄金、铂金、黄铜等导电性良好的金属中的一种或者多种组合。将其粘接或焊接在造口主体腰部的架体连接杆543上。在这种情况下,切割刀片542设置在架体连接杆543的侧边。在其他实施例中,切割刀片542和外加电极544可均设置在架体连接杆543外边的中部位置处。进一步的,切割刀片542还可以设置在外加电极544上。切割刀片542可为金属材质或非金属材质。其中,在切割刀片542为金属材质时,网笼架体结构或导线还可向切割刀片542传输电能,使得切割刀片542同样可对组织进行消融。
与第一实施例同理,在网笼架体结构为金属材质时,可对未与外加电极544连接的部位进行绝缘处理,如涂覆派瑞林等高分子材料绝缘涂层。
参见图26,为本发明第二实施方式提供的房间隔造口装置第五具体示例的结构示意图。与第一具体示例相似地,本具体示例的房间隔造口装置60的造口主体64同样包括规则的网笼架体,该网笼架体包括多根用于通过相互连接形成架体的架体连接杆643。本实施例的网笼架体结构采用第一实施例中的网笼架体结构。相同部分请参考上文关于第一具体示例的相关描述,在此不再赘述。
与前述第一实施例不同之处在于:
本实施例中,网笼架体结构为非金属材质,也即支撑架体为非金属弹性支撑架体。在造口部641上,每根架体连接杆643上均外加电极644,所述外加电极644经外接导线645与电源连接以对组织进行消融。在其他实施例中,外加电极644也可以均匀分布设置在部分架体连接杆643上。
本实施例中,切割刀片642设于架体连接杆643的一侧,而外加电极644设置在架体连接杆643外边的中部位置处。在其他实施例中,切割刀片642和外加电极644可均设置在架体连接杆643外边的中部位置处。进一步的,切割刀片642还可以设置在外加电极644上。
结合第一实施例至第五实施例,形成的电极或外加电极与切割刀片之间可按预设间距相互间隔分布设置在架体连接杆上,两相邻切割刀片之间至少包括一个形成的电极或外加电极,亦可在每一形成的电极上设置相应的切割刀片。当然,形成的电极或外加电极还可按预设间距分布设置在架体连接杆上,每片切割刀片与部分或全部消融电极中对应的一个设置在同一个架体连接杆上。
综合图15至图26,本发明实施例提供的房间隔造口装置的支撑架体可通过其的膨胀收缩活动带动造口部活动以实现对相应组织的造口处理,同时造口部上的切割元件对组织进行切割以使组织形成开口,进而加快造口处理速度,并使得房间隔造口装置在造口过程中更容易地将组织扩张到目标直径,增强造口处理效果。
进一步地,为使形成的造口口径更趋向于圆形,切割元件采用均匀分布方式设置在造口部上,圆形的造口口径不易因为组织内皮爬附而闭合,因而可避免现有球囊造口是直接撕裂的一个长条状的口子存在容易闭合的问题。
更进一步地,还在造口部上设有对组织进行消融的功能,该消融功能的实现可通过在造口部上设置一导电结构实现,如为金属支撑架体通电,除造口部以外的部分做绝缘处理,或为切割元件通电,也可通过在造口部上外加电极等方式实现。通过对组织的切割及消融,可以在不植入任何器械和切割组织的情形下得到一个持续性的组织造口,减少术中及术后产生血栓的风险,且获取的组织造口更加持久。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,各实施例中的特征在非互斥的情况下,可以任意组合实施,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种造口装置,包括造口主体,所述造口主体包括可径向膨胀收缩的球囊,其特征在于:
    在所述球囊的外周上设有用于对组织进行切割和消融的造口部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述造口部包括切割元件,所述切割元件用于对组织进行切割,且所述切割元件经导线与电源连接用于对组织进行消融。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述造口部包括切割元件和消融件,所述切割元件用于对组织进行切割,所述消融件用于对组织进行消融。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述消融件与所述切割元件之间按预设间距相互间隔分布设置,两相邻所述切割元件之间至少包括一个所述消融件。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件包括切割刀片或切割线,所述切割元件经导线与电源连接还用于对组织进行消融。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述消融件按预设间距分布设置,所述切割元件按预设间距分布设置在部分或全部所述消融件上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件经导线与电源连接,或所述切割元件与所述消融件电连接,以还用于对组织进行消融。
  8. 根据权利要求3至7任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件与所述消融件相互交替均匀分布在所述球囊的外周上。
  9. 根据权利要求3至8任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件、所述消融件粘接或焊接在所述球囊的本体上。
  10. 根据权利要求2至9任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片的刀体为一个整体,或包括多个按预设间隔距离排列设置的子刀片,或包括多个连续排列设置的子刀片。
  11. 根据权利要求2至10任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片与所述球囊本体接触的一侧呈波浪状结构,所述波浪状结构的凹陷部位呈半圆状或T字型状。
  12. 根据权利要求2至11任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片的横向截面呈三角形或梯形,所述切割刀片的刃角范围为30度至40度之间。
  13. 根据权利要求2至12任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片沿刀刃延伸方向的至少一端上设有过渡至所述球囊本体的平滑部。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述球囊在充盈膨胀状态下的形状为椭圆柱状体或8字型柱状体。
  15. 一种造口装置,包括可径向膨胀收缩的造口主体,所述造口主体上设有造口部,其特征在于:
    所述造口主体为可径向膨胀收缩的支撑架体,所述造口部位于所述支撑架体的外周;
    所述造口部包括用于对组织进行切割的切割元件。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件包括切割刀片或切割线;
    所述支撑架体为网笼架体结构,所述造口部位于所述网笼架体结构轴向中部位置,所述切割元件位于所述网笼架体结构轴向中部的架体连接杆上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片为外加刀片或所述切割刀片与所述网笼架体结构一体成型。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述支撑架体为金属支撑骨架或非金属支撑骨架;所述金属支撑骨架包括涂覆有绝缘涂层的绝缘区及位于所述造口部上的未涂覆有绝缘涂层的预设导电区,所述预设导电区用于与电源连接以对组织进行消融。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件经导线与电源连接,或所述切割元件与所述预设导电区电连接,用于对组织进行消融。
  20. 根据权利要求16至19中任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,还包括设于所述造口部上的消融件,所述消融件用于对组织进行消融。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述消融件与所述切割元件之间按预设间距相互间隔分布设置在所述架体连接杆上,两相邻所述切割元件之间至少包括一个所述消融件,或
    所述消融件按预设间距分布设置在所述架体连接杆上,每片所述切割元件与部分或全部所述消融件中对应的一个设置在同一个所述架体连接杆上。
  22. 根据权利要求16至21中任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述 切割刀片按预设间隔均匀分布在所述架体连接杆上,且每片所述切割刀片设于相应的所述架体连接杆的外边或侧边。
  23. 根据权利要求16至22中任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片呈长条形片状或三角形片状,所述切割刀片的至少一端上设有过渡至所述支撑架体本体的平滑部。
  24. 根据权利要求16至23中任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述切割元件为切割刀片,所述切割刀片的横向截面呈三角形或梯形,所述切割刀片的刃角范围为30度至40度之间。
  25. 根据权利要求15至24中任一项所述的造口装置,其特征在于,所述支撑架体在自膨状态下的形状包括以下中的任一种:
    圆筒状、椭圆筒状、伞状及8字形状。
  26. 一种造口系统,其特征在于,包括导管及如权利要求1至25任一项所述的造口装置,所述造口装置的造口主体在收缩状态下设置在所述导管中,通过所述导管将所述造口装置输送至预设位置。
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