WO2022127430A1

WO2022127430A1 - Dust-removing and cooling method for self-adaptive dust-removing and cooling grinding wheel device of dry-type grinder

Info

Publication number: WO2022127430A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/128975
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姜潮; 田万一
Original assignee: 湖南大学
Priority date: 2020-12-17
Filing date: 2021-11-05
Publication date: 2022-06-23
Also published as: CN112643548B; CN112643548A

Abstract

Disclosed is a dust-removing and cooling method for a self-adaptive dust-removing and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry-type grinder. The method is characterized in that when the grinder is grinding, a grinding wheel base body (2.2) is supported on a support (1) by means of a grinding-wheel base body axle (2.1), and rotates under the driving of an electric motor; under the action of a centrifugal force, a grinding-wheel abrasive plate system (3) arranged on the grinding wheel base body (2.2) rotates outwards around a rotating shaft (3.1) relative to the grinding wheel base body (2.2) by means of a first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2) and a second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) connected to each other; and when the centrifugal force and a pulling force of a spring (3.6) are balanced, a grinding-wheel abrasive plate (3.4) reaches a balanced position, and the grinding-wheel abrasive plate (3.4) will come into contact with a workpiece to be processed, thereby achieving the effect of grinding the workpiece. The self-adaptive dust-removing and cooling grinding wheel device can completely recover abrasive debris without clearance, thus significantly improving the grinding and dust-removing effect.

Description

A dedusting and cooling method for self-adaptive dedusting and cooling grinding wheel device of dry grinder

Related applications

This application claims the priority of the Chinese invention patent application: 202011496032.7, which was filed on December 17, 2020, and is entitled "A Dust Removal and Cooling Method for an Adaptive Dust Removal and Cooling Grinding Wheel Device of a Dry Grinder".

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a dust removal and cooling method for an adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinder.

Background technique

Grinders are mainly used to process materials with high hardness or brittle materials, such as cemented carbide, glass, etc. At the same time, grinders are usually used for grinding with high precision and small surface roughness. During the grinding process, the grinding machine is usually lubricated and cooled by a grinding fluid. In some special scenarios, such as grinding special toxic and harmful substances, dry grinders are used. Dry grinders currently use gas external cooling to cool the dry grinders. The cooling air acts near the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and uses high-pressure air to The grinding wheel is purged to cool and lubricate, and at the same time, it will help the abrasive particles to fall off. Since there is no grinding fluid involved in the grinding process, on the one hand, a large amount of grinding heat is generated during the grinding process. Without the participation of grinding fluid, the grinding heat will accumulate, causing ablation to the grinding wheel and the workpiece, which will affect the grinding of the workpiece. Quality and grinding wheel life; on the other hand, the grinding wheel abrasive grain shedding effect is not ideal, and the grinding wheel abrasive grains fall off too early or too late due to the cooling effect. The more it is ground, the more dull it will be, the grinding ability will decrease, the abrasive grains will be smooth, which will affect the grinding efficiency, and the repeated slipping will increase the grinding heat aggregation effect, resulting in further ablation of the grinding wheel and the workpiece.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dedusting and cooling method for an adaptive dedusting and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry-type grinder, aiming at the problems of poor thermal cooling effect of grinding and unsatisfactory effect of abrasive grain removal during processing of a dry-type grinder.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme, which is to provide a dust removal and cooling method for an adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinder. During the grinding operation of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel base body is supported on the support through the grinding wheel base body axle, and the Driven by the motor to rotate, the grinding wheel disc system installed on the grinding wheel base will rotate outward relative to the grinding wheel base around the rotating shaft through the connected first hydraulic support cylinder and the second hydraulic support cylinder due to the centrifugal force. When the tension of the spring is balanced, the grinding wheel and the grinding piece reach the equilibrium position, and the grinding wheel and grinding piece will contact the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the grinding effect of the workpiece;

Under the action of centrifugal force, the airflow guide plate flexibly connected to the outlet of the air channel will move radially along the outlet of the air channel, and the moving distance is proportional to the magnitude of the centrifugal force; The outgoing abrasive dust is just sucked in, and the gap between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel base is proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel. Adaptive recovery of wear debris.

Further, when the grinding wheel base body is fed, the grinding wheel grinding piece is in contact with the workpiece to be machined on one side in the circumferential direction for grinding, the radial force at the grinding point gradually increases, and the grinding wheel grinding piece bears the radial force on one side, The pressure in the second hydraulic support cylinder or the first hydraulic support cylinder is not equal, and the difference between the radial forces on both sides of the circumferential direction when the grinding wheel is fed is converted by the second hydraulic support cylinder or the first hydraulic support cylinder into The pressure difference, the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder and the second hydraulic support cylinder is converted into a signal by a pressure difference sensor connected with the second hydraulic support cylinder or the first hydraulic support cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline.

Further, the electric regulating valve is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder, the electric regulating valve is connected with the ventilation door, and the ventilation door is driven by the electric regulating valve to adjust the opening of the damper.

Further, when the feed rate of the grinding wheel device increases, the difference between the radial forces on the two sides of the grinding wheel in the circumferential direction increases greatly, so the pressure difference in the second hydraulic support cylinder or the first hydraulic support cylinder increases. The pressure difference sensor and the signal amplifier send out a signal to adjust the electric regulating valve, so that the opening of the ventilation door 5.1 increases.

Further, according to the processing requirements, the current grinding situation, and the current temperature of the grinding wheel, the spring stiffness is adjusted to control the size of the gap between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel base, and the size of the outlet of the air channel.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, the self-adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device can completely recover the grinding debris without gaps, which can greatly improve the grinding and dust removal effect;

Second, the size of the recovery gap can be adaptively adjusted according to the amount of wear debris to ensure reliable dust removal effect;

Third, the cooling air acts on the inside of the grinding wheel to realize the overall cooling effect on the grinding wheel and avoid the surface ablation of the grinding wheel;

Fourth, the cooling air and the dust removal function, and the cooling air is a suction effect, and the aerosol effect and the harmful diffusion of toxic or radioactive substances are avoided through the aerosol filter device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the grinding wheel grinding disc system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the grinding wheel grinding system of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel base device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the principle diagram of the grinding wheel air duct control system of the present invention;

Among them: 1-support; 2-grinding wheel base device; 3-grinding wheel grinding disc system; 4-grinding wheel air duct system; 5-grinding wheel air duct control system; 1.1-bearing seat; 1.2-bearing; 2.1-grinding wheel base body axle; 2.2-grinding wheel base body; 3.1-rotating shaft; 3.2-first hydraulic support cylinder; 3.3-second hydraulic support cylinder; 3.4-grinding wheel disc; 3.5-air flow guide plate; 3.6-spring; 4.1-fan; System; 4.3-flexible telescopic air duct; 4.4-grinding wheel main ventilation duct; 4.5-air duct; 5.1-ventilation door; 5.2-differential pressure sensor; 5.3-electric regulating valve; 5.4-hydraulic pipeline; 5.5-signal amplifier; 5.6 -Temperature Sensor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment provides an adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device for a dry grinder, including a support 1, a grinding wheel base device 2, a grinding wheel grinding disc system 3, a grinding wheel air duct system 4, and a grinding wheel air duct control system. 5.

The support 1 consists of a bearing seat 1.1 and a bearing 1.2. The bearing seat 1.2 is fixed on the moving frame of the grinding machine, and moves with the moving frame to realize the overall feed grinding of the grinding wheel device. The bearing 1.2 is placed in the bearing seat 1.1, so as to realize the grinding wheel base The rotation of the device 2 is separated from that of the moving frame.

The grinding wheel base device 2 includes a grinding wheel base shaft 2.1 and a grinding wheel base 2.2, which are fixed on the support 1. The grinding wheel base is mounted on the support 1 by using the grinding wheel base shaft 2.1. The grinding wheel base 2.2 and the grinding wheel base shaft 2.1 are integrally formed.

The grinding wheel grinding system 3 includes a rotating shaft 3.1, a first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2, a second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3, a grinding wheel grinding sheet 3.4, an air flow guide plate 3.5, a spring 3.6, one end of the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 The other end is connected with the grinding wheel base 2 through the rotating shaft 3.1 respectively, and the other end is connected with the end and the middle of the grinding wheel grinding plate 3.4 respectively through the rotating shaft 3.3 to form a parallel link structure. The grinding wheel grinding plate 3.4 can follow the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and The second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 freely rotates along the rotating shaft 3.1, and at the same time uses the spring 3.6 to connect the rotating shaft 3.1 connecting the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 with the grinding wheel and grinding disc 3.4 to the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4, so as to realize the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 and the grinding wheel base 2.2 The static and close fit of the grinding wheel and abrasive disc 3.4 is a resin abrasive disc, and the speed of the abrasive grains falling off is greatly affected by the temperature. The airflow guide plate 3.5 is arranged between the grinding wheel disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel base 2.2, and is flexibly connected to the outlet of the air passage of the grinding wheel base 2.2, and can move radially with the change of the rotational speed of the grinding wheel base 2.2, thereby adaptively adjusting the opening of the air passage. degrees to achieve the purpose of temperature control.

Grinding wheel air duct system 4 is composed of fan 4.1, aerosol filtration system 4.2, flexible telescopic air duct 4.3, grinding wheel main ventilation air duct 4.4, and air duct 4.5. Fan 4.1 is connected with aerosol filtration system 4.2, through flexible telescopic air duct 4.3 With the main ventilation air duct 4.4 of the grinding wheel, the main ventilation air duct 4.4 is arranged inside the wheel shaft 2.1 of the grinding wheel, and the main ventilation air duct 4.4 is connected with the air passage 4.5. The air passage 4.5 is inside the grinding wheel and is radially distributed along the radial direction. .

Grinding wheel air duct control system 5 is composed of ventilation door 5.1, differential pressure sensor 5.2, electric regulating valve 5.3, hydraulic pipeline 5.4, signal amplifier 5.5, temperature sensor 5.6, etc. Channel 4.4 is connected, the differential pressure sensor 5.2 is connected with the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 through the hydraulic pipeline 5.4, and the signal amplifier 5.5 is the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 The pressure difference The signal is amplified and converted into an electrical signal, and the electric regulating valve 5.3 is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3. Driven by 5.3, adjust the opening of the ventilation door 5.1.

During the grinding operation of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel base 2.2 is supported on the support 1 through the grinding wheel base shaft 2.1, and is driven by the motor to achieve high-speed rotation. The connected first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 rotate outward relative to the grinding wheel base 2.2 around the rotating shaft 3.1. When the centrifugal force is balanced with the pulling force of the spring 3.6, the grinding wheel grinding plate 3.4 reaches the equilibrium position, and the grinding wheel grinding plate 3.4 It will be in contact with the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the grinding effect of the workpiece;

At the same time, under the action of centrifugal force, the airflow guide plate 3.5, which is flexibly connected to the outlet of the air channel 4.5, will also move radially along the outlet of the air channel 4.5. The moving distance is proportional to the centrifugal force, that is, the rotational speed of the grinding wheel device. The airflow guide plate 3.5 The greater the moving distance in the radial direction, the greater the opening of the outlet of the wind channel 4.5. There is a certain gap between the grinding wheel grinding disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel base 2.2. This gap is connected with the grinding wheel air channel system 4 through the outlet of the air channel 4.5. The grinding debris is just sucked in, and the gap between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel base 2.2 is proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel. The size of the outlet of the air channel 4.5 adjusted by the airflow guide plate 3.5 and the amount of grinding debris are also proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel. Moreover, the flight angle is also positively related to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, which can realize the recovery of abrasive debris adaptively; and the air convection acts on the interior of the grinding wheel and grinding plate 3.4, which has a good cooling effect on the grinding wheel and avoids the ablation of the grinding wheel and grinding plate 3.4. , Since the cooling air is sucked into the aerosol filter device 4.2, the aerosol pollution caused by the cooling air is avoided, and the grinding heat is proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel. If it is large, the outlet of the air channel 4.5 will gradually increase, and the wind resistance will be reduced, which can adaptively control the cooling effect of the grinding wheel and grinding plate 3.4.

In the present invention, self-adaptive dust removal and cooling are realized through hydraulic support cylinders 3.2, 3.3, differential pressure sensor 5.2, electric regulating valve 5.3, and ventilation door 5.1, and the temperature of the grinding wheel can be adjusted adaptively according to the feed rate. The method used is as follows: when the grinding wheel base is fed, usually the grinding wheel grinding disc 3.4 is in contact with the workpiece to be processed along one side of the circumferential direction for grinding, and the radial force at the grinding point gradually increases, and the grinding becomes more severe. .

When the grinding wheel device moves with the moving frame to realize the overall feed grinding of the grinding wheel device, generally both sides of the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 in the circumferential direction are in contact with the workpiece to be processed, and the feed rate determines the distance between the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 and the workpiece to be processed. The severity of grinding. Since the grinding wheel and grinding plate 3.4 bear radial force on one side, the pressure in the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 or the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 will increase accordingly, and the pressure in the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 will increase accordingly. The pressure does not increase significantly, and the pressure in the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic support cylinder varies. The above-mentioned second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic support cylinder converts the difference between the radial forces on both sides of the circumferential direction when the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 is fed into a pressure difference, through the hydraulic pipeline 5.4 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 Or the pressure difference sensor 5.2 connected to the first hydraulic support cylinder detects the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3, and the pressure difference signal is converted into an electric signal through the signal amplifier 5.5 to drive the electric regulating valve 5.3, and the electric adjustment The valve 5.3 is connected with the ventilation door 5.1, and the ventilation door 5.1 is driven by the electric regulating valve 5.3 to adjust the opening degree of the air door.

When the feed rate of the grinding wheel device is large, the difference between the radial forces on the two sides of the grinding wheel disc 3.4 in the circumferential direction is larger, so the pressure difference in the second hydraulic support cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic support cylinder is larger, The differential pressure sensor 5.2 and the signal amplifier 5.5 send signals to adjust the electric regulating valve, so that the opening of the ventilation door 5.1 is increased, the grinding heat accumulation caused by the large feed rate is reduced, and the ablation of the grinding wheel and the workpiece is avoided.

During grinding, adjust the stiffness of the spring 3.6 to suit the current processing and heat dissipation requirements:

In the actual processing process, according to the processing requirements, the current grinding situation, and the current temperature of the grinding wheel and grinding disc 3.4, the stiffness of the spring 3.6 is adjusted to control the size of the gap between the grinding wheel grinding disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel base 2.2, and the size of the outlet of the air channel 4.5. . If the rigidity of the current spring 3.6 is large, the adaptive heat dissipation effect is not good, then reduce the rigidity of the spring 3.6, so that the airflow guide plate 3.5 can move radially outward under the same centrifugal force, and vice versa.

Adaptive dust removal cooling during grinding:

In the subsequent processing process, the air flow guide plate 3.5 only needs to move radially under the action of centrifugal force, so as to control the size of the outlet of the air channel 4.5, and the temperature adaptive control can be realized simply and conveniently. When the centrifugal force increases, the airflow guide plate 3.5 moves outward, and the outlet of the air channel 4.5 increases. When the centrifugal force decreases, the airflow guide plate 4.5 moves inward under the pulling force of the spring 3.6.

During the overall feed grinding of the grinding wheel device, the device can adaptively control the temperature according to the force on both sides of the grinding wheel 3.4:

During the overall feed grinding of the grinding wheel device, the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 bears radial force on one side, and the size of the ventilation door 5.1 is controlled according to the pressure difference signal in the hydraulic support cylinders 3.2 and 3.3 on both sides. The differential pressure signal detected by the differential pressure sensor 5.2 is amplified by the signal amplifier 5.5 and converted into an electrical signal, which drives the electric regulating valve 5.3 to control the size of the ventilation door 5.1. The larger the feed rate is, the larger the radial force on one side will be, the pressure difference signal will increase, and the size of the ventilation door 5.1 will be increased.

S4. This device adjusts the signal amplifier 5.5 times when the grinding wheel device is fed and ground as a whole to meet the temperature control requirements:

A temperature sensor 5.6 is installed at the grinding wheel to continuously monitor the surface temperature of the grinding wheel. If the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 5.6 is too high during processing, the differential pressure signal cannot adjust the temperature well under the current signal amplifier 5.5 magnification. The magnification of the signal amplifier 5.5 can be increased to increase the control strength of the ventilation door 5.1, and vice versa.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

A dedusting and cooling method for an adaptive dedusting and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinder, characterized in that:

During the grinding operation of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel base body (2.2) is supported on the support (1) through the grinding wheel base body axle (2.1), and is rotated under the driving of the motor, and the grinding wheel grinding disc system (3) is arranged on the grinding wheel base body (2.2). ) will rotate outward relative to the grinding wheel base (2.2) through the connected first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) around the axis (3.1) due to the centrifugal force, when the centrifugal force and the spring (3.6) When the tension of ) is balanced, the grinding wheel grinding disc (3.4) reaches the equilibrium position, and the grinding wheel grinding disc (3.4) will be in contact with the workpiece to be processed, thereby realizing the grinding effect on the workpiece;

Under the action of centrifugal force, the airflow guide plate (3.5) flexibly connected to the outlet of the air channel (4.5) will move radially along the outlet of the air channel (4.5), and the moving distance is proportional to the centrifugal force; the suction force of the fan (4.1) Under the action, the grinding debris flying out in the tangential direction is just sucked in, and the gap between the grinding wheel grinding disc (3.4) and the grinding wheel base (2.2) is proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, and the air flow guide plate (3.5) The size of the outlet of the adjusted air channel (4.5) and the amount of wear debris are also proportional to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, so as to achieve adaptive recovery of the wear debris.
The dust removal and cooling method of the self-adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the grinding wheel base body is fed, the grinding wheel grinding piece (3.4) is in contact with the workpiece to be processed along one side of the circumferential direction for grinding. The radial force at the grinding point increases gradually, the grinding wheel (3.4) is subjected to radial force on one side, and the pressure in the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) or the first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2) is not equal , through the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) or the first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2), the difference between the radial forces on both sides of the circumferential direction when the grinding wheel and grinding disc (3.4) is fed is converted into a pressure difference, and through the hydraulic pipeline ( 5.4) The differential pressure sensor (5.2) connected with the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) or the first hydraulic support cylinder converts the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) into a signal.
The dust removal and cooling method of the self-adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electric adjustment is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic support cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3). The valve (5.3), the electric regulating valve (5.3) is connected with the ventilation door (5.1), and the ventilation door (5.1) is driven by the electric regulating valve (5.3) to adjust the opening of the air door.
The dust removal and cooling method of the self-adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the feed rate of the grinding wheel device increases, the grinding wheel grinding sheet (3.4) is subjected to the pressure on both sides of the circumferential direction. The difference between the radial forces increases, so the pressure difference in the second hydraulic support cylinder (3.3) or the first hydraulic support cylinder is larger, and the pressure difference sensor (5.2) and the signal amplifier (5.5) send out signals to adjust the electric regulating valve, so that the The opening of the ventilation door 5.1 is increased.
The dust removal and cooling method of the self-adaptive dust removal and cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: according to the processing requirements, the current grinding situation, and the current temperature of the grinding wheel (3.4), the stiffness of the spring (3.6) is adjusted. Adjust and control the size of the gap between the grinding wheel disc (3.4) and the grinding wheel base (2.2), and the size of the outlet of the air channel (4.5).