CN112658989B - Temperature control self-adaptive dust removal and grinding wheel cooling device of dry grinding machine - Google Patents

Temperature control self-adaptive dust removal and grinding wheel cooling device of dry grinding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112658989B
CN112658989B CN202011501410.6A CN202011501410A CN112658989B CN 112658989 B CN112658989 B CN 112658989B CN 202011501410 A CN202011501410 A CN 202011501410A CN 112658989 B CN112658989 B CN 112658989B
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grinding wheel
grinding
supporting cylinder
hydraulic supporting
base body
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CN112658989A (en
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姜潮
吴德慧
彭思
田万一
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Hunan University
China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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Hunan University
China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature control self-adaptive dust removal cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinding machine, which comprises a support (1), a grinding wheel base body device (2) and a grinding wheel grinding system (3), and is characterized in that: the grinding wheel base body device (2) is fixed on the support (1); the grinding wheel grinding system (3) comprises a rotating shaft (3.1), a first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2), a second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3), a grinding wheel grinding piece (3.4), an airflow guide plate (3.5) and a spring (3.6), wherein one end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and one end of the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) are respectively connected with a grinding wheel base body (2.1) through the rotating shaft (3.1).

Description

Temperature control self-adaptive dust removal and grinding wheel cooling device of dry grinding machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a temperature control self-adaptive dust removal and grinding wheel cooling device of a dry grinding machine.
Background
The grinding machine is mainly used for processing materials with higher hardness or brittle materials, such as hard alloy, glass and the like; while grinding machines are generally used for grinding with high precision and with little surface roughness. During grinding, a grinding machine is usually lubricated and cooled by a grinding fluid. In some special scenes, such as grinding of special toxic and harmful substances and the like, a dry grinding machine is adopted, the dry grinding machine is cooled by adopting a gas external cooling mode at present, cooling air acts near a contact point of a grinding wheel and a workpiece, the grinding wheel is swept by high-pressure air, the cooling and lubricating effects are achieved, and meanwhile, the abrasive particles can fall off. On one hand, the grinding heat is generated in the grinding process, and the grinding heat is accumulated to cause ablation on the grinding wheel and the workpiece without the grinding fluid, so that the grinding quality of the workpiece and the service life of the grinding wheel are influenced; on the other hand, the effect that the grinding wheel abrasive particles fall off is not ideal, the grinding wheel abrasive particles fall off too early or too late due to the problem of the cooling effect, the grinding wheel is worn too fast too early, the abrasive particles fall off too late, the abrasive particles are worn more and more dully, the grinding capacity is reduced, the abrasive particles are smooth, the grinding efficiency is influenced, the repeated slipping is caused, the grinding heat aggregation effect is increased, and the further ablation of the grinding wheel and the workpiece is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature-control self-adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device of a dry grinding machine, aiming at the problems of poor grinding heat cooling effect, unsatisfactory abrasive particle removing effect and the like during the processing of the dry grinding machine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a dry grinding machine control by temperature change self-adaptation dust removal cooling grinding wheel device, includes support, emery wheel base member device, emery wheel abrasive disc system, its characterized in that: the grinding wheel base body device is fixed on the support; the grinding wheel grinding system comprises a rotating shaft, a first hydraulic supporting cylinder, a second hydraulic supporting cylinder, a grinding wheel grinding piece, an airflow guide plate and a spring, wherein one end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder and one end of the second hydraulic supporting cylinder are respectively connected with a grinding wheel base body through the rotating shaft, the other end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder and one end of the second hydraulic supporting cylinder are respectively connected with the end part and the middle part of the grinding wheel grinding piece through the rotating shaft to form a parallel connecting rod structure, the grinding wheel grinding piece can freely rotate along the rotating shaft along with the first hydraulic supporting cylinder and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder, and meanwhile, the rotating shaft, connected with the grinding wheel grinding piece, of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is connected with the grinding wheel base body through the spring; the airflow guide plate is arranged between the grinding wheel abrasive disc and the grinding wheel base body, is flexibly connected with an air channel outlet of the grinding wheel base body, and can move radially along with the change of the rotating speed of the grinding wheel base body, so that the opening degree of the air channel outlet can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner.
The grinding wheel air duct system comprises a fan, an aerosol filtering system, a flexible telescopic air duct, a grinding wheel main ventilation air duct and an air channel, wherein the fan is connected with the aerosol filtering system and is connected with the main ventilation air duct of the grinding wheel through the flexible telescopic air duct, the main ventilation air duct is arranged inside a wheel shaft of the grinding wheel base body and is connected with the air channel, and the air channel is arranged inside the grinding wheel and is radially distributed along the radial direction.
Further, still include emery wheel air duct control system, emery wheel air duct control system includes the air door, pressure differential sensor, electrical control valve, hydraulic pressure pipeline, the air door sets up in the entry of wind passageway, be connected with main ventilation air duct, pressure differential sensor is connected with first hydraulic pressure support cylinder and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder through hydraulic pressure pipeline, convert the pressure differential of first hydraulic pressure support cylinder and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder into the signal, drive electrical control valve according to the pressure differential of first hydraulic pressure support cylinder and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder, electrical control valve is connected with the air door, the air door is under electrical control valve's drive, adjust the ventilation opening.
Further, when the grinding wheel base body feeds, the grinding wheel abrasive disc is contacted with a workpiece to be processed along the circumferential single side for grinding, the radial force borne by the grinding point is gradually increased, the radial force borne by the grinding wheel abrasive disc single side is borne by the grinding wheel abrasive disc single side, the pressure in the second hydraulic supporting cylinder or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is unequal, the difference between the radial forces borne by the circumferential two sides is converted into pressure difference when the grinding wheel abrasive disc is fed through the second hydraulic supporting cylinder or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder, the pressure difference between the first hydraulic supporting cylinder and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder is converted into a signal through a pressure difference sensor connected with the second hydraulic supporting cylinder or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, an electric regulating valve is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic supporting cylinder and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder, the electric regulating valve is connected with a ventilation door, and the opening degree of the ventilation door is regulated under the driving of the electric regulating valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the self-adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device can completely recover abrasive dust without clearance, and can greatly improve the grinding and dust-removing effects;
secondly, the size of the recovery gap can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner according to the quantity of the abrasive dust, and the reliable dust removal effect is ensured;
thirdly, cooling air acts on the interior of the grinding wheel and the grinding sheet to realize the integral cooling effect on the grinding wheel and the grinding sheet and avoid the ablation of the surface of the grinding wheel;
and fourthly, the cooling air and the dust removal function are communicated, the cooling air is in a suction function, and the aerosol effect and the harm diffusion of toxic or radioactive substances are avoided through the aerosol filtering device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel and blade system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the grinding wheel lapping system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel matrix assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a grinding wheel air duct control system of the present invention;
wherein: 1-a support; 2-grinding wheel matrix device; 3-grinding wheel and grinding system; 4-a grinding wheel air duct system; 5-a grinding wheel air duct control system; 1.1-bearing seat; 1.2-bearings; 2.1-grinding wheel base body; 2.2-grinding wheel base body axle; 3.1-rotating shaft; 3.2-a first hydraulic support cylinder; 3.3-a second hydraulic support cylinder; 3.4-grinding by a grinding wheel; 3.5-airflow guide plate; 3.6-spring; 4.1-a fan; 4.2-aerosol filtration system; 4.3-flexible telescopic air duct; 4.4-grinding wheel main ventilation duct; 4.5-wind channel; 5.1-a ventilation door; 5.2-differential pressure sensor; 5.3-electric regulating valve; 5.4-hydraulic lines; 5.5-signal amplifier; 5.6-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a temperature-controlled adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device for a dry grinding machine, which includes a support 1, a grinding wheel base device 2, a grinding wheel and abrasive disc system 3, a grinding wheel air duct system 4, and a grinding wheel air duct control system 5.
The support 1 comprises bearing frame 1.1 and bearing 1.2, and bearing frame 1.2 is fixed in on the grinding machine removes the frame, thereby removes along with removing the frame and realizes grinding wheel unit's whole feed grinding, and bearing 1.2 is settled in bearing frame 1.1 to realize the rotation of emery wheel base member device 2 and the sound separation that removes the frame.
The grinding wheel base body device 2 comprises a grinding wheel base body 2.1 and a grinding wheel base body wheel shaft 2.2. The grinding wheel base body device 2 is fixed on the support 1, the grinding wheel base body 2.1 is installed on the support 1 through the grinding wheel base body wheel shaft 2.2, and the grinding wheel base body 2.1 and the grinding wheel base body wheel shaft 2.2 are integrally formed and manufactured.
The grinding wheel and abrasive sheet system 3 comprises a rotating shaft 3.1, a first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2, a second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3, a grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4, an air flow guide plate 3.5 and a spring 3.6, wherein one end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and one end of the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 are respectively connected with a grinding wheel base body 2.1 through the rotating shaft 3.1, the other end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is respectively connected with the end part and the middle part of the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 through the rotating shaft 3.1 to form a parallel connecting rod structure, the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 can freely rotate along with the rotating shaft 3.1 along with the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3, and the rotating shaft 3.1 connected with the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 is connected with the grinding wheel base body 2.1 through the spring 3.6 to realize the static close fit of the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 and the grinding wheel base body 2.1, wherein the grinding wheel and abrasive sheet 3.4 is resin type abrasive sheet, and the abrasive sheet falling speed is influenced by the temperature. The airflow guide plate 3.5 is arranged between the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel matrix 2.1, is flexibly connected with an air channel outlet of the grinding wheel matrix 2.1, and can move radially along with the change of the rotating speed of the grinding wheel matrix 2.1, so that the opening degree of the air channel outlet is adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and the purpose of temperature control is achieved.
The grinding wheel air duct system 4 is composed of a fan 4.1, an aerosol filtering system 4.2, a flexible telescopic air duct 4.3, a grinding wheel main ventilation air duct 4.4 and an air channel 4.5, wherein the fan 4.1 is connected with the aerosol filtering system 4.2 and is connected with the main ventilation air duct 4.4 of the grinding wheel through the flexible telescopic air duct 4.3, the main ventilation air duct 4.4 is arranged inside a grinding wheel base body wheel shaft 2.2, the main ventilation air duct 4.4 is connected with the air channel 4.5, and the air channel 4.5 is arranged inside the grinding wheel and radially distributed along the radial direction.
The grinding wheel air duct control system 5 comprises a vent door 5.1, a differential pressure sensor 5.2, an electric regulating valve 5.3, a hydraulic pipeline 5.4, a signal amplifier 5.5, a temperature sensor 5.6 and the like, wherein the vent door 5.1 is arranged at the inlet of an air duct 4.5 and is connected with a main vent air duct 4.4, the differential pressure sensor 5.2 is connected with a first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and a second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 through a hydraulic pipeline 5.4, the signal amplifier 5.5 amplifies and converts differential pressure signals of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 into electric signals, the electric regulating valve 5.3 is driven according to the differential pressure of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3, the electric regulating valve 5.3 is connected with the vent door 5.1, and the opening degree of the vent door 5.1 is regulated under the driving of the electric regulating valve 5.3.
When the grinding machine is used for grinding operation, the grinding wheel base body 2.1 is supported on the support 1 through the grinding wheel base body wheel shaft 2.2 and is driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed, the grinding wheel and abrasive disc system 3 arranged on the grinding wheel base body 2.1 rotates outwards relative to the grinding wheel base body 2.1 through the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 which are connected under the action of centrifugal force around the rotating shaft 3.1, when the centrifugal force is balanced with the tensile force of the spring 3.6, the grinding wheel and abrasive disc 3.4 reaches a balance position, and the grinding wheel and abrasive disc 3.4 is contacted with a workpiece to be machined, so that the grinding machining effect on the workpiece is realized;
meanwhile, under the action of centrifugal force, the airflow guide plate 3.5 flexibly connected with the outlet of the air channel 4.5 also moves along the outlet of the air channel 4.5 in the radial direction, the moving distance is in direct proportion to the magnitude of the centrifugal force, namely the rotating speed of the grinding wheel device, and the opening degree of the outlet of the air channel 4.5 is larger as the radial moving distance of the airflow guide plate 3.5 is larger. A certain gap is formed between the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel base body 2.1, the gap is communicated with the grinding wheel air duct system 4 through an outlet of an air channel 4.5, under the action of suction of a fan 4.1, the grinding dust which flies out tangentially and is generated by grinding is just sucked, the gap between the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 and the grinding wheel base body 2.1 is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, the size of the outlet of the air channel 4.5 and the quantity of the grinding dust which are regulated by an air flow guide plate 3.5 are also in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, the flying angle is also in positive relation to the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, and the recovery of the grinding dust can be realized in a self-adaptive manner; and the air generates convection to act on the inside of the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4, so that a good cooling effect is achieved on the grinding wheel, ablation of the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 is avoided, the cooling air is sucked into the aerosol filtering device 4.2, aerosol pollution caused by the cooling air is avoided, grinding heat and the rotation speed of the grinding wheel are in a proportional relation, along with the increase of the rotation speed, the radial outward moving distance of the airflow guide plate 3.5 is gradually increased, the outlet of the air channel 4.5 is also gradually increased, the wind resistance is reduced, and the cooling effect of the grinding wheel grinding piece 3.4 can be controlled in a self-adaptive mode. When the grinding wheel device moves along with the moving frame to realize integral feed grinding of the grinding wheel device, the two sides of the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 along the circumferential direction are generally contacted with a workpiece to be machined, and the feeding amount determines the grinding intensity between the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 and the workpiece to be machined.
In the invention, self-adaptive dust removal and cooling are realized through the hydraulic support cylinders 3.2 and 3.3, the differential pressure sensor 5.2, the electric regulating valve 5.3 and the ventilation door 5.1, and the temperature of the grinding wheel can be self-adaptively regulated according to the feeding amount. The method used is as follows: when the grinding wheel base body is fed, the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 is generally contacted with a workpiece to be processed along one side of the circumferential direction for grinding, the radial force applied to the grinding point is gradually increased, and the grinding is more severe.
Because the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 bears radial force on one side, the pressure in the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 or the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 is increased along with the radial force, the pressure in the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.2 is not obviously increased, and the pressure in the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is unequal. The radial force difference that circumference both sides received when above-mentioned feed through second hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.3 or first hydraulic pressure support cylinder with emery wheel abrasive disc 3.4 converts the pressure differential into, the pressure differential transducer 5.2 that links to each other through hydraulic pressure pipeline 5.4 and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.3 or first hydraulic pressure support cylinder converts the pressure differential of first hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.2 and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.3 into the signal, drive electrical control valve 5.3 according to the pressure differential of first hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.2 and second hydraulic pressure support cylinder 3.3, electrical control valve 5.3 is connected with ventilation door 5.1, ventilation door 5.1 is under electrical control valve 5.3's drive, the air door aperture is adjusted.
When the feeding amount of the grinding wheel device is large, the difference between radial forces borne by the grinding wheel abrasive disc 3.4 along the two sides in the circumferential direction is larger, so that the pressure difference in the second hydraulic supporting cylinder 3.3 or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is larger, the pressure difference sensor 5.2 and the signal amplifier 5.5 send signals to adjust the electric adjusting valve, the opening degree of the vent valve 5.1 is increased, grinding heat aggregation caused by large feeding amount is reduced, and ablation of a grinding wheel and a workpiece is avoided.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a dry grinding machine control by temperature change self-adaptation dust removal cooling grinding wheel device, includes support (1), emery wheel base member device (2), emery wheel abrasive disc system (3), its characterized in that:
the grinding wheel base body device (2) is fixed on the support (1);
the grinding wheel grinding system (3) comprises a rotating shaft (3.1), a first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2), a second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3), a grinding wheel grinding sheet (3.4), an airflow guide plate (3.5) and a spring (3.6), one end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and one end of the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) are respectively connected with a grinding wheel base body (2.1) through the rotating shaft (3.1), the other end of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) is respectively connected with the end part and the middle part of the grinding wheel grinding sheet (3.4) through the rotating shaft (3.1) to form a parallel connecting rod structure, the grinding wheel grinding sheet (3.4) can freely rotate along the rotating shaft (3.1) along with the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) and meanwhile the rotating shaft (3.1) connecting the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) with the grinding wheel grinding sheet (3.4) is connected with the grinding wheel base body (2.1) through the spring (3.6); the airflow guide plate (3.5) is arranged between the grinding wheel grinding piece (3.4) and the grinding wheel base body (2.1), is flexibly connected with an air channel outlet of the grinding wheel base body (2.1), and can move radially along with the rotation speed change of the grinding wheel base body (2.1), so that the opening degree of the air channel outlet can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner.
2. The temperature-controlled self-adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device for the dry grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still include emery wheel air duct system (4), emery wheel air duct system (4) include fan (4.1), aerosol filtration system (4.2), flexible wind channel (4.3), emery wheel owner's ventilation air duct (4.4), wind passageway (4.5), fan (4.1) are connected with aerosol filtration system (4.2), main ventilation air duct (4.4) through flexible wind channel (4.3) and emery wheel, main ventilation air duct (4.4) set up inside emery wheel base member shaft (2.2), main ventilation air duct (4.4) are connected with wind passageway (4.5), wind passageway (4.5) are inside the emery wheel, be radial distribution along radial direction.
3. The temperature-controlled self-adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device for the dry grinding machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the grinding wheel air channel control system (5) comprises a ventilation door (5.1), a differential pressure sensor (5.2), an electric regulating valve (5.3), a hydraulic pipeline (5.4), a signal amplifier (5.5) and a temperature sensor (5.6), wherein the ventilation door (5.1) is arranged at the inlet of an air channel (4.5) and is connected with a main ventilation air channel (4.4), the differential pressure sensor (5.2) is connected with a first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and a second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) through the hydraulic pipeline (5.4), the signal amplifier (5.5) amplifies differential pressure signals of the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) and converts the amplified differential pressure signals into electric signals, the electric regulating valve (5.3) is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3), and the electric regulating valve (5.3) is connected with the ventilation door (5.1), the opening of the ventilation door (5.1) is adjusted under the driving of the electric adjusting valve (5.3).
4. The dry grinding machine temperature control self-adaptive dust removal cooling grinding wheel device of claim 3, characterized in that: the electric control valve (5.3) is driven according to the pressure difference between the first hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.2) and the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3), the electric control valve (5.3) is connected with the ventilation door (5.1), and the ventilation door (5.1) is driven by the electric control valve (5.3) to adjust the opening degree of the ventilation door.
5. The dry grinding machine temperature control self-adaptive dust removal cooling grinding wheel device of claim 3, characterized in that: when the feeding amount of the grinding wheel device is increased, the difference between radial forces borne by the grinding wheel grinding disc (3.4) along the two sides in the circumferential direction is increased, so that the pressure difference in the second hydraulic supporting cylinder (3.3) or the first hydraulic supporting cylinder is larger, the pressure difference sensor (5.2) and the signal amplifier (5.5) send signals to adjust the electric adjusting valve, and the opening degree of the ventilation valve (5.1) is increased.
6. The temperature-controlled self-adaptive dust-removing cooling grinding wheel device for the dry grinding machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: according to the processing requirement, the current grinding condition and the current temperature of the grinding wheel grinding piece (3.4), the rigidity of the spring (3.6) is adjusted, and the size of a gap between the grinding wheel grinding piece (3.4) and the grinding wheel base body (2.1) and the size of an outlet of the air channel (4.5) are controlled.
CN202011501410.6A 2020-12-17 2020-12-17 Temperature control self-adaptive dust removal and grinding wheel cooling device of dry grinding machine Active CN112658989B (en)

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