WO2022122598A1 - Antiperspirant compositions - Google Patents
Antiperspirant compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022122598A1 WO2022122598A1 PCT/EP2021/084279 EP2021084279W WO2022122598A1 WO 2022122598 A1 WO2022122598 A1 WO 2022122598A1 EP 2021084279 W EP2021084279 W EP 2021084279W WO 2022122598 A1 WO2022122598 A1 WO 2022122598A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solution according
- fatty acid
- ethanolic solution
- water
- ethanol
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 230000001166 anti-perspirative effect Effects 0.000 title description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-Linolenic acid Chemical compound CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkaline earth metal salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000000106 sweat gland Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940099451 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)OCC#CI WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Farnesol Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-FBXUGWQNSA-N (2-cis,6-cis)-farnesol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/CC\C(C)=C/CO CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-FBXUGWQNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000260 (2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-ol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ICIDSZQHPUZUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO ICIDSZQHPUZUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940043259 farnesol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930002886 farnesol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- AEIJTFQOBWATKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CO AEIJTFQOBWATKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940100459 steareth-20 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VAZJLPXFVQHDFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine Polymers CCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)N VAZJLPXFVQHDFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-lauroyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEACJMVNYZDSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(CO)CCCCCCCC LEACJMVNYZDSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDTZBYPBMTXCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 KDTZBYPBMTXCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXBAQTDVRLRXEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tetradecoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCO XXBAQTDVRLRXEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002016 Aerosil® 200 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)C ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauric acid monoglyceride Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001090 Polyaminopropyl biguanide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010040904 Skin odour abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000191963 Staphylococcus epidermidis Species 0.000 description 1
- CEZONBVMFRWNCJ-CYGHRXIMSA-N [(3r,3ar,6s,6ar)-3-hydroxy-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-6-yl] dodecanoate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)CO[C@@H]21 CEZONBVMFRWNCJ-CYGHRXIMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGELJRHPEZALCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COCC(O)CO OGELJRHPEZALCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zirconium Chemical class [AlH3].[Zr] DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N arachidyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940052299 calcium chloride dihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086555 cyclomethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073561 hexamethyldisiloxane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006007 hydrogenated polyisobutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057874 phenyl trimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940093424 polyaminopropyl biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116987 ppg-3 myristyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003885 sodium benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LINXHFKHZLOLEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[phenyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]oxysilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 LINXHFKHZLOLEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/29—Titanium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/34—Alcohols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
Definitions
- the present invention concerns antiperspirant compositions and methods of reducing perspiration. It is particular concerned with such compositions and methods that do not involve the use of aluminium salts.
- antiperspirant compositions use astringent aluminium or aluminium-zirconium salts to deliver their antiperspirant benefit. These antiperspirant salts function by blocking the top part of sweat glands and thereby reducing the release of sweat from these glands.
- WO 2010/145905 discloses the use lamellar phase stabilised oil-in-water emulsions as antiperspirant agents.
- EP 550,960 A1 (Unilever, 1992) discloses the use as an antiperspirant active of an amphiphilic material which forms, upon contact with perspiration, a water-insoluble liquid crystal phase of greater than one dimensional periodicity.
- WO 2018/111664 discloses antiperspirant compositions comprising a zinc- based antiperspirant active, a thickener comprising a C14-C22 fatty acid salt and a carrier comprising a polyhydric alcohol, optionally with water.
- WO 2019/206466 (Beiersdorf, 2019) discloses antiperspirant compositions comprising alkaline earth metal salts and carboxylic acids, but is silent on the use of zinc salts.
- WO 2020/094568 (Unilever. 2020) discloses oil-in-water emulsions comprising liquid fatty acids and water-soluble metal salts capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with the liquid fatty acid.
- an ethanolic solution comprising a liquid C10-C22 fatty acid and a water-soluble zinc salt.
- a method of reducing perspiration comprising the topical application of an ethanolic solution according to the first aspect of the invention.
- an active antiperspirant agent occurs in situ, i.e. the water-insoluble zinc salt of the C10-C22 fatty acid is formed on the skin of the human body; in particular, in the sweat ducts present in the skin of the human body, especially in the axillae.
- Generation of the active antiperspirant agent is “pH-triggered”, being caused by the pH of the sweat on the skin being relatively high, typically pH ca. 6 to 7. This enables the water- soluble zinc salt to form a gel with the fatty acid and lead to an antiperspirancy benefit.
- states of matter such as solid, liquid and gas relate to the specified state of matter at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.
- the “liquid” C10-C22 fatty acid used in the present invention is liquid at 25°C and one atmosphere pressure.
- Ethanol is an essential component of compositions of the invention.
- ethanol comprises at least 25%, more preferably at least 50% and most preferably at least 60% by weight of the total composition, excluding any volatile propellant that may be present therein.
- the ethanol is accompanied by water.
- Particularly preferred compositions are homogeneous aqueous-ethanol solutions.
- the ratio of ethanol to water is preferably from 1 : 1 to 4: 1 , more preferably from 3: 2 to 7: 2 and most preferably from 2: 1 to 3: 1 . These ratios are found to give the best solubilisation of both the unsaturated fatty acid and the water-soluble zinc salt.
- the presence of water reduces any possible irritancy problems with the compositions.
- the C10-C22 fatty acid used in accordance with the invention must be a liquid.
- Such fatty acids are typically unsaturated, meaning that they have one or more unsaturated carboncarbon bonds.
- the C10-C22 fatty acid used in accordance is liquid at 20°C and more preferably it is liquid at 10°C. Having a relatively low melting point for the fatty acid can enhance the low temperature storage stability for compositions of the invention.
- the C10-C22 fatty acid preferably has from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms and most preferably 18 carbon atoms.
- Preferred C18 fatty acids are unsaturated, having at least one double bond.
- Particularly preferred fatty acids are oleic, linoleic, linolenic and ricinoleic acid. Especially preferred are oleic and ricinoleic acid.
- Mixtures of C10-C22 fatty acids may be used in some embodiments.
- the total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid in compositions of the invention is preferably from 3%, more preferably from 4.5% and most preferably from 6%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably up to 15%, more preferably up to 12.5% and most preferably up to 10%. In certain preferred embodiments, the total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid is from 5 to 10%.
- the total amount of zinc salts in compositions of the invention is preferably from 0.75%, more preferably from 1.0% and most preferably from 1.3%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of water-soluble zinc salt is preferably up to 3.0%, more preferably up to 2.5% and most preferably up to 2%.
- the total amount of water-soluble zinc salts is from 1.5 to 2.0%.
- the molar ratio of the C10-C22 fatty acid to the cation of the water-soluble zinc salt is preferably selected to be from 1 : 2 to 2: 1 , more preferably from 2: 3 to 3: 2 and most preferably about 1 : 1. In this way, neither too much of the C10-C22 fatty acid nor too much of the water-soluble zinc salt is wasted. To clarify, these ratios may be expressed as preferably from 33: 67 to 67: 33; more preferably from 40: 60 to 60: 40 and most preferably about 503: 50.
- the molar ratio of the water-soluble zinc salt to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably selected to be from. 1 : 4 to 1 : 1 , more preferably from 1 : 3 to 2: 3 and most preferably about 1 : 2. To clarify, these ratios may be expressed as preferably from 20: 80 to 50: 50; more preferably from 25: 75 to 40: 60 and most preferably about 33: 67.
- the water-soluble zinc salt is solubilised in the ethanolic solution.
- the ability of the water-soluble zinc salt to form a water-/nso/c/b/e salt with the C10-C22 fatty acid at a pH of greater than 6 is a key feature of the present invention. This may be tested by bringing together the components at a pH of greater than 6 and a temperature of 20°C, 25°C or 37°C. In a preferred method of testing, the components are co-formulated at a pH of 3.5 and the pH of the mixture is then adjusted to greater than 6 using a base.
- water-insoluble means having a solubility in water of less than 10 g/L at 25°C, preferably less than 1 g/L.
- An emulsifier is an optional component of the composition of the invention. Any emulsifier capable of emulsifying the C10-C22 fatty acid in water at a temperature of 20°C may be used. Mixtures of emulsifiers may also be used.
- the emulsifier or mixture of emulsifiers preferably comprises a nonionic emulsifier.
- a mixture of emulsifiers is used, such as a mixture of nonionic emulsifiers or a mixture of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier.
- the total amount of emulsifier in compositions of the invention may be from 0.5%, preferably from 1.0% and most preferably from 1.3%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of emulsifier is preferably up to 10%, more preferably up to 7.5% and most preferably up to 5%.
- the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably from 1 : 10, more preferably from 1 : 8 and most preferably from 1 : 6. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred ratios indicated above, the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably up to 2: 3, more preferably up to 1 : 2 and most preferably up to 1 : 3.
- the emulsifier comprises a linear alkyl ethoxylate, such as Steareth-20.
- Preferred linear alkyl ethoxylates have at least 10 ethoxylate units per molecule and particularly preferred linear alkyl ethoxylates have at least 15 ethoxylate units per molecule.
- the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably from 5: 95 to 30:70, more preferably from 10: 90 to 28:72 and most preferably from 15: 85 to 25: 75.
- the preferred emulsifiers and preferred ratios of emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid are important for the stability of the composition, by which is meant its phase stability, i.e. its lack of phase separation over an extended period.
- a preferred additional feature is a thickener.
- a thickener serves to increase the viscosity of compositions of the invention and can enhance the consumer appeal thereof.
- the thickener can also aid the phase stability of the composition and/or the ability of the composition to be retained within a roll-on dispenser without leakage.
- Thickeners suitable for use with the present invention include cationic and nonionic polymers, particularly naturally derived cationic and nonionic polymeric thickeners, examples including guar gum and derivatives and cellulose derivatives, such as hydroxyethylcellulose.
- cationic and nonionic polymers particularly naturally derived cationic and nonionic polymeric thickeners, examples including guar gum and derivatives and cellulose derivatives, such as hydroxyethylcellulose.
- Especially preferred thickeners are cationic polymers, in particular guar gum and/or derivatives thereof.
- a thickener is typically employed at from 0.1 to 10% of the total composition.
- the thickener is present at from 0.2 to 5% and in more preferred embodiments it is present at from 0.3 to 3% of the total composition.
- composition of the invention is stored in a roll-on dispenser and is dispensed therefrom.
- Compositions of the invention are particularly suited to being stored and dispensed from a roll-on dispenser designed to be kept in an inverted position for extended periods.
- an inverted position for a roll-on dispenser is with the roll-on applicator, usually a ball, located below the reservoir containing the composition.
- a thickener is a preferred component of compositions to be stored and dispensed from a rollon dispenser.
- composition of the invention is stored in a pump spray or squeeze spray dispenser and is dispensed therefrom.
- Suitable preservatives for use with the present invention include 2-phenoxyethanol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, C1-C3 alkyl parabens, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA.
- Particularly preferred preservatives are 2-phenoxyethanol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA and especially preferred are 2- phenoxyethanol and iodopropynyl butylcarbamate.
- An antimicrobial deodorant active is a preferred an additional component in compositions of the invention.
- Such components serve to reduce or eliminate body odour by reducing or otherwise impeding the function of microbes on the skin of the body responsible for malodour generation.
- the antimicrobial deodorant active may also be a preservative for the composition.
- the anti-microbial deodorant agent is typically incorporated into the composition at from 0.01% to 3% and particularly at from 0.03% to 0.5%.
- Preferred anti-microbial deodorant agents have a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 mg. ml -1 or less, particularly 200 pg. ml' 1 or less, and especially 100 pg. ml' 1 or less.
- the MIC of an anti-microbial agent is the minimum concentration of the agent required to significantly inhibit microbial growth. Inhibition is considered “significant” if an 80% or greater reduction in the growth of an inoculum of Staphylococcus epidermidis is observed, relative to a control medium without an anti-microbial agent, over a period of 16 to 24 hours at 37°C.
- Suitable organic anti-microbials are bactericides, for example quaternary ammonium compounds, like cetyltrimethylammonium salts; chlorhexidine and salts thereof; and diglycerol monocaprate, diglycerol monolaurate, glycerol monolaurate, and similar materials, as described in “Deodorant Ingredients”, S. A. Makin and M.R. Lowry, in “Antiperspirants and Deodorants”, Ed. K. Laden (1999, Marcel Dekker, New York).
- transition metal chelators as described in W001/52805, for example.
- Transitional metal chelators having a binding coefficient for iron(lll) of greater than 10 26 for example diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and salts thereof are preferred.
- Antioxidants may be advantageously employed in certain compositions, in particularly those comprising unsaturated fatty acid.
- Antioxidants that may be used include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate.
- Antioxidants may be used at from 0.05 to 5%, in particular at from 0.075 to 2.5% and especially at from 0.1 to 1%.
- Certain sensory modifiers are further desirable components. Such materials are preferably used at a level of up to 20% by weight of the composition. Emollients, humectants, volatile oils, non-volatile oils, and particulate solids which impart lubricity are all suitable classes of sensory modifiers. Examples of such materials include cyclomethicone, dimethicone, dimethiconol, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, talc, finely-divided silica (e.g. Aerosil 200), particulate polyethylene (e.g.
- Acumist B18 polysaccharides, corn starch, C12-C15 alcohol benzoate, PPG-3 myristyl ether, octyl dodecanol, C7-C14 isoparaffins, di-isopropyl adipate, isosorbide laurate, PPG-14 butyl ether, glycerol, hydrogenated polyisobutene, polydecene, titanium dioxide, phenyl trimethicone, dioctyl adipate, and hexamethyl disiloxane. Fragrance is also a desirable additional component.
- Suitable materials include conventional perfumes, such as perfume oils and also include so-called deo-perfumes, as described in EP 545,556 and other publications.
- Levels of incorporation are preferably up to 4% by weight, particularly from 0.1% to 2% by weight, and especially from 0.7% to 1.7% by weight.
- Example 1 gives details of Example 1 and Comparative Examples A and B. These examples and comparative examples each had the same molar concentration of divalent metal ion.
- Example 1 was prepared as follows. The Klucel was dispersed in the water and ethanol using a magnetic stirrer until the Klucel was fully swollen. The zinc chloride was then dissolved into the mixture with magnetic stirring. Finally, the oleic acid was dissolved into the mixture, again with magnetic stirring.
- Comparative Example A was prepared as follows. A pre-mix containing half of the total water, the preservatives and Jaguar S thickener was prepared. The Jaguar S was sheared into the vessel containing the other ingredients using a Silverson L4RT homogeniser. Once prepared this was left overnight at ambient temperature to allow the mixture to become fully swollen. The remaining half of the water was placed in a separate vessel along with the calcium chloride dihydrate and Steareth-20. This was heated to 70°C whilst stirring. The oleic acid was then added and the mixture was homogenised to produce a homogeneous milky white pre-mix. The two pre-mixes described above were then combined and homogenised.
- Example 1 gave a significant Sweat Weight Reduction (SWR) of 44% in a standard hot room test performed on the backs of multiple panellists. Comparative Example A gave a SWR benefit of 5%, which was not statistically significant. This shows the benefit of ethanolic systems comprising zinc salts and oleic acid over emulsion systems comprising calcium salts and oleic acid.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example B were flooded with model sweat.
- Example 1 solidified in 20-30 seconds in the model sweat, whereas Comparative Example B took 3-4 hours to solidify. This illustrates the greater speed to gelation and potential sweat duct blockage for the composition of the invention over an analogous calcium chloride plus oleic acid composition.
- Example 1 Stability studies on Example 1 revealed that it had good stability, maintaining rheological stability for 12 weeks at 45°C.
- Table 2 gives details of other examples according to the invention that may be prepared in analogous manner to Example 1.
Abstract
An ethanolic solution comprising a C10-C22 fatty acid which is liquid; and a water-soluble zinc salt.
Description
Antiperspirant Compositions
Field of Invention
The present invention concerns antiperspirant compositions and methods of reducing perspiration. It is particular concerned with such compositions and methods that do not involve the use of aluminium salts.
Background
Traditionally, antiperspirant compositions use astringent aluminium or aluminium-zirconium salts to deliver their antiperspirant benefit. These antiperspirant salts function by blocking the top part of sweat glands and thereby reducing the release of sweat from these glands.
Many parties have investigated alternative, non-aluminium antiperspirant actives and compositions. Some of these have involved reducing the production of sweat by the secretory coil of the sweat glands; however, actives functioning in this manner may be considered therapeutic in nature, which may be undesirably for formulations intended for use as cosmetic products.
Alternative non-aluminium antiperspirant actives and compositions that function by blocking the sweat glands have also been devised.
WO 2010/145905 (Unilever, 2010) discloses the use lamellar phase stabilised oil-in-water emulsions as antiperspirant agents.
EP 550,960 A1 (Unilever, 1992) discloses the use as an antiperspirant active of an amphiphilic material which forms, upon contact with perspiration, a water-insoluble liquid crystal phase of greater than one dimensional periodicity.
WO 2018/111664 (Colgate, 2018) discloses antiperspirant compositions comprising a zinc- based antiperspirant active, a thickener comprising a C14-C22 fatty acid salt and a carrier comprising a polyhydric alcohol, optionally with water.
WO 2019/206466 (Beiersdorf, 2019) discloses antiperspirant compositions comprising alkaline earth metal salts and carboxylic acids, but is silent on the use of zinc salts.
WO 2020/094568 (Unilever. 2020) discloses oil-in-water emulsions comprising liquid fatty acids and water-soluble metal salts capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with the liquid fatty acid.
Summary of Invention
It is an objective of the present invention to reduce perspiration from the surface of the human body, particularly in the underarm regions, otherwise known as the axillae.
It is a further objective of the present invention to reduce perspiration from the surface of the human body without the use of astringent aluminium or zirconium salts.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an ethanolic solution comprising a liquid C10-C22 fatty acid and a water-soluble zinc salt.
In preferred embodiments, the water-soluble zinc salt is capable of forming a solid, waterinsoluble salt with the liquid C10-C22 fatty acid at a pH of greater than 6, particularly at a temperature of 37°C.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of reducing perspiration comprising the topical application of an ethanolic solution according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacture of an antiperspirant composition comprising the steps of dissolving a liquid C10-C22 fatty acid in an ethanolic solution and adding a water-soluble zinc salt to the ethanolic solution, before or after the liquid C10-C22 fatty acid is dissolved therein, the water-soluble zinc salt being capable of forming a water-insoluble salt with the C10-C22 fatty acid at a pH of greater than 6.
The method of reducing perspiration is generally on the skin of the human body, in particular the axillae.
Generation of an active antiperspirant agent occurs in situ, i.e. the water-insoluble zinc salt of the C10-C22 fatty acid is formed on the skin of the human body; in particular, in the sweat ducts present in the skin of the human body, especially in the axillae.
Generation of the active antiperspirant agent is “pH-triggered”, being caused by the pH of the sweat on the skin being relatively high, typically pH ca. 6 to 7. This enables the water- soluble zinc salt to form a gel with the fatty acid and lead to an antiperspirancy benefit.
Detailed description
Herein, all amounts, parts, percentages, and ratios are by weight and relate to the total composition, unless otherwise indicated. This also applies to the examples.
Herein, the term comprising is used non-exhaustively.
Herein, preferences expressed with regard to one aspect of the invention apply, to the extent possible, with regard to any other aspect of the invention.
Herein, preferences expressed with regard to one feature are preferably used in combination with preferences expressed for one or more other features.
Herein, when a component is referred to in the singular, it is to be understood that multiple components of the type referred to could be present and all should be included in calculating any amount or ratio specified.
Herein, states of matter such as solid, liquid and gas relate to the specified state of matter at 25°C and atmospheric pressure. For example, the “liquid” C10-C22 fatty acid used in the present invention is liquid at 25°C and one atmosphere pressure.
Herein, quoted viscosities are measured at 37°C and at a shear rate of 0.01 s’1.
Herein, the terms gel and gelation refer to states of matter and formations of states of matter that might comprise crystalline solids, amorphous solids, or viscous states of matter capable of blocking sweat glands. The gel referred to is typically of viscosity of at least 2 Pa.s, preferably at least 5 Pa.s, more preferably at least 10 Pa.s, and most preferably at least 100 Pa.s. The “gel” may be a solid, crystalline or amorphous, or may have a viscosity of up to 1000 Pa.s.
Herein, references to “compositions” [of the invention] equate to “ethanolic solutions” [of the invention].
Herein, “ethanolic solution” refers to a solution having ethanol as a major component, typically present at 25% or greater, preferably present at 50% or greater and more preferably present at 60% or greater.
Ethanol is an essential component of compositions of the invention. Preferably, ethanol comprises at least 25%, more preferably at least 50% and most preferably at least 60% by weight of the total composition, excluding any volatile propellant that may be present therein.
In preferred compositions, the ethanol is accompanied by water. Particularly preferred compositions are homogeneous aqueous-ethanol solutions. The ratio of ethanol to water is preferably from 1 : 1 to 4: 1 , more preferably from 3: 2 to 7: 2 and most preferably from 2: 1 to 3: 1 . These ratios are found to give the best solubilisation of both the unsaturated fatty acid and the water-soluble zinc salt. In addition, the presence of water reduces any possible irritancy problems with the compositions.
The C10-C22 fatty acid used in accordance with the invention must be a liquid. Such fatty acids are typically unsaturated, meaning that they have one or more unsaturated carboncarbon bonds.
Preferably, the C10-C22 fatty acid used in accordance is liquid at 20°C and more preferably it is liquid at 10°C. Having a relatively low melting point for the fatty acid can enhance the low temperature storage stability for compositions of the invention.
The C10-C22 fatty acid preferably has from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms and most preferably 18 carbon atoms. Preferred C18 fatty acids are unsaturated, having at least one double bond. Particularly preferred fatty acids are oleic, linoleic, linolenic and ricinoleic acid. Especially preferred are oleic and ricinoleic acid.
Mixtures of C10-C22 fatty acids may be used in some embodiments.
The total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid in compositions of the invention is preferably from 3%, more preferably from 4.5% and most preferably from 6%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably up to 15%, more preferably up to 12.5% and most preferably up to 10%.
In certain preferred embodiments, the total amount of C10-C22 fatty acid is from 5 to 10%.
The total amount of zinc salts in compositions of the invention is preferably from 0.75%, more preferably from 1.0% and most preferably from 1.3%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of water-soluble zinc salt is preferably up to 3.0%, more preferably up to 2.5% and most preferably up to 2%.
In certain preferred embodiments, the total amount of water-soluble zinc salts is from 1.5 to 2.0%.
The molar ratio of the C10-C22 fatty acid to the cation of the water-soluble zinc salt (divided by its valence), is preferably selected to be from 1 : 2 to 2: 1 , more preferably from 2: 3 to 3: 2 and most preferably about 1 : 1. In this way, neither too much of the C10-C22 fatty acid nor too much of the water-soluble zinc salt is wasted. To clarify, these ratios may be expressed as preferably from 33: 67 to 67: 33; more preferably from 40: 60 to 60: 40 and most preferably about 503: 50.
The molar ratio of the water-soluble zinc salt to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably selected to be from. 1 : 4 to 1 : 1 , more preferably from 1 : 3 to 2: 3 and most preferably about 1 : 2. To clarify, these ratios may be expressed as preferably from 20: 80 to 50: 50; more preferably from 25: 75 to 40: 60 and most preferably about 33: 67.
In preferred embodiments, the water-soluble zinc salt is solubilised in the ethanolic solution.
The ability of the water-soluble zinc salt to form a water-/nso/c/b/e salt with the C10-C22 fatty acid at a pH of greater than 6 is a key feature of the present invention. This may be tested by bringing together the components at a pH of greater than 6 and a temperature of 20°C, 25°C or 37°C. In a preferred method of testing, the components are co-formulated at a pH of 3.5 and the pH of the mixture is then adjusted to greater than 6 using a base.
Herein, “water-insoluble” means having a solubility in water of less than 10 g/L at 25°C, preferably less than 1 g/L.
An emulsifier is an optional component of the composition of the invention. Any emulsifier capable of emulsifying the C10-C22 fatty acid in water at a temperature of 20°C may be used. Mixtures of emulsifiers may also be used.
When employed, the emulsifier or mixture of emulsifiers preferably comprises a nonionic emulsifier. In certain preferred embodiments, a mixture of emulsifiers is used, such as a mixture of nonionic emulsifiers or a mixture of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier.
The total amount of emulsifier in compositions of the invention may be from 0.5%, preferably from 1.0% and most preferably from 1.3%. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred lower levels indicated above, the total amount of emulsifier is preferably up to 10%, more preferably up to 7.5% and most preferably up to 5%.
The ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably from 1 : 10, more preferably from 1 : 8 and most preferably from 1 : 6. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred ratios indicated above, the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably up to 2: 3, more preferably up to 1 : 2 and most preferably up to 1 : 3.
In certain preferred embodiments, the emulsifier may comprise a polyglyceryl ester, such as polyglyceryl-3 stearate. When the emulsifier comprises such materials, the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably from 1 : 10, more preferably from 1 : 7 and most preferably from 1 : 4. Independently and in conjunction with each of the preferred ratios indicated above, the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably up to 1 : 1 , more preferably up to 9: 11 and most preferably up to 2: 3. In an especially preferred embodiment, the ratio of the polyglyceryl ester containing emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is from 1 : 4 to 2: 3, i.e. from 20: 80 to 40: 60.
In certain preferred embodiments, the emulsifier comprises a linear alkyl ethoxylate, such as Steareth-20. Preferred linear alkyl ethoxylates have at least 10 ethoxylate units per molecule and particularly preferred linear alkyl ethoxylates have at least 15 ethoxylate units per molecule.
When the emulsifier consists of only linear alkyl ethoxylate, the ratio of the emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid is preferably from 5: 95 to 30:70, more preferably from 10: 90 to 28:72 and most preferably from 15: 85 to 25: 75.
The preferred emulsifiers and preferred ratios of emulsifier to the C10-C22 fatty acid are important for the stability of the composition, by which is meant its phase stability, i.e. its lack of phase separation over an extended period.
A preferred additional feature is a thickener. A thickener serves to increase the viscosity of compositions of the invention and can enhance the consumer appeal thereof. The thickener can also aid the phase stability of the composition and/or the ability of the composition to be retained within a roll-on dispenser without leakage.
Thickeners suitable for use with the present invention include cationic and nonionic polymers, particularly naturally derived cationic and nonionic polymeric thickeners, examples including guar gum and derivatives and cellulose derivatives, such as hydroxyethylcellulose. Especially preferred thickeners are cationic polymers, in particular guar gum and/or derivatives thereof.
A thickener is typically employed at from 0.1 to 10% of the total composition. In preferred embodiments, the thickener is present at from 0.2 to 5% and in more preferred embodiments it is present at from 0.3 to 3% of the total composition.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the invention is stored in a roll-on dispenser and is dispensed therefrom. Compositions of the invention are particularly suited to being stored and dispensed from a roll-on dispenser designed to be kept in an inverted position for extended periods. For the avoidance of doubt, “an inverted position” for a roll-on dispenser is with the roll-on applicator, usually a ball, located below the reservoir containing the composition.
A thickener is a preferred component of compositions to be stored and dispensed from a rollon dispenser.
In another preferred embodiment, the composition of the invention is stored in a pump spray or squeeze spray dispenser and is dispensed therefrom.
A preservative is a preferred additional component in compositions of the invention. A preservative serves to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of compositions of the
invention. Preservatives are typically employed at a total level of from 0.05 to 3%, preferably at from 0.1 to 2% and most preferably at from 0.4 to 1%.
Suitable preservatives for use with the present invention include 2-phenoxyethanol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, C1-C3 alkyl parabens, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA. Particularly preferred preservatives are 2-phenoxyethanol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA and especially preferred are 2- phenoxyethanol and iodopropynyl butylcarbamate.
An antimicrobial deodorant active is a preferred an additional component in compositions of the invention. Such components serve to reduce or eliminate body odour by reducing or otherwise impeding the function of microbes on the skin of the body responsible for malodour generation.
The antimicrobial deodorant active may also be a preservative for the composition.
When employed, the anti-microbial deodorant agent is typically incorporated into the composition at from 0.01% to 3% and particularly at from 0.03% to 0.5%.
Preferred anti-microbial deodorant agents have a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 mg. ml-1 or less, particularly 200 pg. ml'1 or less, and especially 100 pg. ml'1 or less. The MIC of an anti-microbial agent is the minimum concentration of the agent required to significantly inhibit microbial growth. Inhibition is considered “significant” if an 80% or greater reduction in the growth of an inoculum of Staphylococcus epidermidis is observed, relative to a control medium without an anti-microbial agent, over a period of 16 to 24 hours at 37°C. Details of suitable methods for determining MICs can be found in “Antimicrobial Agents and Susceptibility Testing”, C.Thornsberry, (in “Manual of Clinical Microbiology”, 5th Edition, Ed. A. Balows et al, American Society for Microbiology, Washington D.C., 1991). A particularly suitable method is the Macrobroth Dilution Method as described in Chapter 110 of above publication (pp. 1101-1111) by D. F. Sahm and J. A. Washington II. MICs of antimicrobials suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the invention are triclosan: 0.01-10 pg. ml'1 (J. Regos et al., Dermatologica (1979), 158: 72-79) and farnesol: ca. 25 pg. ml'1 (K. Sawano, T. Sato, and R. Hattori, Proceedings of the 17th IFSCC International Conference, Yokahama (1992) p.210-232). By contrast ethanol and similar alkanols have MICs of greater than 1 mg. ml'1.
Suitable organic anti-microbials are bactericides, for example quaternary ammonium compounds, like cetyltrimethylammonium salts; chlorhexidine and salts thereof; and diglycerol monocaprate, diglycerol monolaurate, glycerol monolaurate, and similar materials, as described in “Deodorant Ingredients”, S. A. Makin and M.R. Lowry, in “Antiperspirants and Deodorants”, Ed. K. Laden (1999, Marcel Dekker, New York). More preferred antimicrobials for use in the compositions of the invention are polyhexamethylene biguanide salts (also known as polyaminopropyl biguanide salts), an example being Cosmocil CQ™ available from Zeneca PLC, preferably used at up to 1% and more preferably at 0.03% to 0.3% by weight; 2',4,4'-trichloro,2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether (triclosan), preferably used at up to 1% by weight of the composition and more preferably at 0.05-0.3%; and 3,7,11- trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienol (farnesol), preferably used at up to 1% by weight of the composition and more preferably at up to 0.5%.
Other suitable organic antimicrobial agents are transition metal chelators, as described in W001/52805, for example. Transitional metal chelators having a binding coefficient for iron(lll) of greater than 1026, for example diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and salts thereof are preferred.
Antioxidants may be advantageously employed in certain compositions, in particularly those comprising unsaturated fatty acid. Antioxidants that may be used include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate. Antioxidants may be used at from 0.05 to 5%, in particular at from 0.075 to 2.5% and especially at from 0.1 to 1%.
Certain sensory modifiers are further desirable components. Such materials are preferably used at a level of up to 20% by weight of the composition. Emollients, humectants, volatile oils, non-volatile oils, and particulate solids which impart lubricity are all suitable classes of sensory modifiers. Examples of such materials include cyclomethicone, dimethicone, dimethiconol, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, talc, finely-divided silica (e.g. Aerosil 200), particulate polyethylene (e.g. Acumist B18), polysaccharides, corn starch, C12-C15 alcohol benzoate, PPG-3 myristyl ether, octyl dodecanol, C7-C14 isoparaffins, di-isopropyl adipate, isosorbide laurate, PPG-14 butyl ether, glycerol, hydrogenated polyisobutene, polydecene, titanium dioxide, phenyl trimethicone, dioctyl adipate, and hexamethyl disiloxane.
Fragrance is also a desirable additional component. Suitable materials include conventional perfumes, such as perfume oils and also include so-called deo-perfumes, as described in EP 545,556 and other publications. Levels of incorporation are preferably up to 4% by weight, particularly from 0.1% to 2% by weight, and especially from 0.7% to 1.7% by weight.
Examples
Table 1 gives details of Example 1 and Comparative Examples A and B. These examples and comparative examples each had the same molar concentration of divalent metal ion.
Example 1 was prepared as follows. The Klucel was dispersed in the water and ethanol using a magnetic stirrer until the Klucel was fully swollen. The zinc chloride was then dissolved into the mixture with magnetic stirring. Finally, the oleic acid was dissolved into the mixture, again with magnetic stirring.
Comparative Example A was prepared as follows. A pre-mix containing half of the total water, the preservatives and Jaguar S thickener was prepared. The Jaguar S was sheared into the vessel containing the other ingredients using a Silverson L4RT homogeniser. Once prepared this was left overnight at ambient temperature to allow the mixture to become fully swollen. The remaining half of the water was placed in a separate vessel along with the calcium chloride
dihydrate and Steareth-20. This was heated to 70°C whilst stirring. The oleic acid was then added and the mixture was homogenised to produce a homogeneous milky white pre-mix. The two pre-mixes described above were then combined and homogenised.
Example 1 gave a significant Sweat Weight Reduction (SWR) of 44% in a standard hot room test performed on the backs of multiple panellists. Comparative Example A gave a SWR benefit of 5%, which was not statistically significant. This shows the benefit of ethanolic systems comprising zinc salts and oleic acid over emulsion systems comprising calcium salts and oleic acid.
In a further study, Example 1 and Comparative Example B were flooded with model sweat. Example 1 solidified in 20-30 seconds in the model sweat, whereas Comparative Example B took 3-4 hours to solidify. This illustrates the greater speed to gelation and potential sweat duct blockage for the composition of the invention over an analogous calcium chloride plus oleic acid composition.
Stability studies on Example 1 revealed that it had good stability, maintaining rheological stability for 12 weeks at 45°C.
Table 2 gives details of other examples according to the invention that may be prepared in analogous manner to Example 1.
Claims
1. An ethanolic solution comprising a liquid C10-C22 fatty acid and a water-soluble zinc salt.
2. An ethanolic solution according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid is unsaturated and preferably comprises 18 carbon atoms.
3. An ethanolic solution according to claim 2, wherein the fatty acid is selected from oleic, linoleic, linolenic and ricinoleic acid.
4. An ethanolic solution according to claim 3, wherein the fatty acid is selected from oleic acid and ricinoleic acid.
5. An ethanolic solution according to any of the preceding claims, wherein ethanol comprises at least 50% by weight of the total composition excluding any volatile propellants present therein.
6. An ethanolic solution according claim 3, wherein ethanol comprises at least 60% by weight of the total composition excluding any volatile propellants present therein.
7. An ethanolic solution according to any of the preceding claims, comprising water.
8. An ethanolic solution according to claim 7, which is a homogeneous aqueous-ethanol solution.
9. An ethanolic solution according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the weight ratio of ethanol to water is from 1 : 1 to 4: 1.
10. An ethanolic solution according to claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of ethanol to water is from 1: 1 to 4: 1.
11. A solution according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a thickening agent.
12. A solution according to claim 11 , wherein the thickening agent is a cationic or nonionic polymer.
13. A solution according to claim 12, wherein the thickening agent is selected from guar gum and derivatives and cellulose derivatives.
14. A method of reducing perspiration comprising the topical application of a solution according to any of the preceding claims.
15. A product comprising an ethanolic solution according to any of claims 1 to 13 and a roll-on dispenser in which the composition is packaged and from which it is dispensed.
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