WO2022121420A1 - 紫外杀菌增效剂及其联合紫外进行杀菌的方法 - Google Patents

紫外杀菌增效剂及其联合紫外进行杀菌的方法 Download PDF

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WO2022121420A1
WO2022121420A1 PCT/CN2021/118335 CN2021118335W WO2022121420A1 WO 2022121420 A1 WO2022121420 A1 WO 2022121420A1 CN 2021118335 W CN2021118335 W CN 2021118335W WO 2022121420 A1 WO2022121420 A1 WO 2022121420A1
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ultraviolet
essential oil
sterilization
synergist
concentration
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PCT/CN2021/118335
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙坚
何慧灵
郑子建
吴帅斌
刁秋月
崔泽华
刘雅红
廖晓萍
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华南农业大学
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Priority claimed from CN202011433111.3A external-priority patent/CN112568243B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011429772.9A external-priority patent/CN112655708A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011429743.2A external-priority patent/CN112640923B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011429762.5A external-priority patent/CN112602707B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011426739.0A external-priority patent/CN112450229B/zh
Application filed by 华南农业大学 filed Critical 华南农业大学
Publication of WO2022121420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121420A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A01N37/04—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof polybasic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P3/00—Fungicides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ultraviolet sterilization, and more particularly, to an ultraviolet sterilization synergist and a method for sterilizing it in combination with ultraviolet rays.
  • Ultraviolet sterilization technology is a convenient method with no chemical residues and low environmental impact, and is commonly used to disinfect gaseous, liquid and solid surfaces.
  • Ultraviolet light is a general term for radiation with a wavelength of 400nm-10nm in the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot cause people's vision. It is invisible light with a higher frequency than blue-violet light, and ultraviolet rays are classified as UVA, UVB, UVC and UVD.
  • Ultraviolet lamp sterilization has been used in various places due to its advantages of low cost, convenient use, and no drug resistance. In recent years, due to the large-scale use of antibiotics, bacterial resistance has become more and more serious. With the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria, the effect of treating infections caused by bacteria has gradually weakened. Therefore, the study of non-antibiotic sterilization technology is used in clinical practice. With more and more applications, the research on the sterilization effect of ultraviolet rays is also more and more in-depth.
  • UV sterilization technology is to use ultraviolet radiation of appropriate wavelength to destroy the molecular structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid) in living cells, causing the death of growing cells and/or regenerating cells to achieve the effect of sterilization.
  • Ultraviolet sterilization technology is based on modern epidemic prevention science, medicine, and photodynamics. It uses specially designed high-efficiency, high-intensity, long-life ultraviolet rays to irradiate the surface of objects to directly kill various bacteria, viruses, parasites, algae, etc. on the surface of the object. pathogen. At the same time, it can kill bacteria without developing antibiotic resistance, so it will not lead to the increase of bacterial resistance.
  • the low-energy UV itself is not enough to achieve a very good sterilization effect, the sterilization time is long and the bacteria cannot be completely killed.
  • the field of ultraviolet sterilization and synergy there are few reports that it can be easy to operate, easy to obtain raw materials, and at the same time can greatly improve the combined sterilization effect. Bactericidal effect.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art and provide the application of the ultraviolet sterilization synergist.
  • the application of ultraviolet sterilization synergist in sterilization combined with ultraviolet includes plant essential oil and/or organic acid.
  • the plant essential oil includes one or more of tea tree essential oil, black pepper essential oil, European fir essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, bergamot essential oil, and turmeric essential oil.
  • the organic acid includes one or both of (S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid and sebacic acid.
  • the above substances can be used in combination with ultraviolet to significantly enhance the ability of ultraviolet sterilization, so they can be used as synergists for ultraviolet sterilization.
  • the irradiation time of ultraviolet is 30min, and the concentration of ultraviolet sterilization synergist is 0.1 ⁇ 2%.
  • the UV intensity is 2.4-3.0 mW/cm 2 .
  • the application of the ultraviolet sterilization synergist in combined ultraviolet sterilization includes the following steps: (1) mixing the bacterial liquid with the ultraviolet sterilization synergist, and setting the ultraviolet irradiation conditions; (2) Preheat the UV box for 20-40min, put the mixed solution into the UV box and irradiate for 25-35min.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation conditions in step (1) are as follows: the wavelength range is 300-460 nm, the power is 18W, the ultraviolet lamp irradiation distance is 6-10 cm, and the ultraviolet intensity is 2.4-3.0 mW/cm 2 .
  • the final concentration of the bacterial solution in step (1) is 10 6 CFU/mL.
  • the present invention also provides an ultraviolet sterilization synergist
  • the ultraviolet sterilization synergist includes plant essential oil and/or organic acid
  • the plant essential oil includes tea tree essential oil, black pepper essential oil, European fir essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, One or more of bergamot essential oil and turmeric essential oil
  • the organic acid includes one or two of (S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid and sebacic acid.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention provides a synergist that has a synergistic effect with ultraviolet. Based on the weak bactericidal effect of A-band ultraviolet (UVA) and plant essential oils, organic acids and other substances, the combined effect has obvious synergistic bactericidal effect. .
  • UVA A-band ultraviolet
  • the invention can kill bacteria more efficiently, and reduce the influence of the quality of the ultraviolet lamp on the disinfection effect, and the raw materials are easily available, the operation is simple, and the application is strong.
  • the dosage of ultraviolet sterilization synergist is less, and a higher sterilization effect is achieved on the basis of ensuring safety.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the killing effect of bergamot essential oil and UVA on bacteria.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the killing effect of turmeric essential oil on bacteria when UVA is combined.
  • test methods used in the following experimental examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents, etc. used are commercially available reagents and materials unless otherwise specified.
  • the UV lamp used is PHILIPS TL-D brand; Wattage: 18W; Voltage: 220V; Wavelength: (UVA) 300-469nm; Tube diameter: 25mm; Length: 60cm.
  • Judgment principle If the bacterial amount decreased in the experimental group, on the basis of the bacterial amount decreased by the single ultraviolet treatment and the single essential oil treatment, the bacterial amount decreased by 2 logarithms, which means that the synergist and ultraviolet have a synergistic bactericidal effect.
  • the essential oil in the synergist comes from Satya brand (Italy); the purity of organic acid is 99% or above.
  • test medium cool the autoclaved MH agar medium and MacConkey agar medium (purchased from Guangdong Huankai Microorganism Technology Co., Ltd.) to 55°C, and use a pipette to take 20 mL to no The bacteria culture dish was naturally dried for 30 min to prepare MH agar medium and MacConkey agar medium.
  • Escherichia coli standard strain ATCC25922 (laboratory deposit).
  • Resin azure Macklin brand, MW is 251.17, purity is 90%; Escherichia coli standard strain ATCC25922 (preserved in laboratory).
  • the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the MIC value of bergamot essential oil is >1%. At the concentration of bergamot essential oil lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria is not significantly inhibited, because of the high cost and practical application of high-concentration bergamot essential oil. When it is usually diluted to a low concentration for use, the final concentration of 1% bergamot essential oil is used as the concentration of UV synergist.
  • Test medium cool the autoclaved MH agar medium and MacConkey agar medium (purchased from Guangdong Huankai Microorganism Technology Co., Ltd.) to 55°C, and use a pipette to take 20 mL to sterile culture. In a dish, air-dried for 30 min to prepare MH agar medium and MacConkey agar medium. Escherichia coli standard strain ATCC25922 (laboratory deposit).
  • the results are shown in Table 3.
  • the number of bacteria in the blank control group was not significantly different from that in the group treated with bergamot essential oil for 30 minutes; it shows that there was no change in the number of bacteria after 1% bergamot essential oil was treated with ATCC 25922 bacteria for 30 minutes. It shows that 1% bergamot essential oil has a weak bactericidal effect on ATCC 25922, so 1% concentration of bergamot essential oil combined with UV light for 30min was selected as the final condition.
  • bergamot essential oil is combined with ultraviolet to carry out sterilization operation:
  • Step (3) Add 1 mL of bacterial solution to the six-well plate, add 10 ⁇ L of the original concentration of bergamot essential oil and mix well;
  • Step (4) set a control, blank control, 1% essential oil treatment and shading, put them into an ultraviolet irradiation box, and the combined action group and the ultraviolet irradiation treatment group are irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 30 minutes;
  • Example 1 The operation of other steps is the same as that of Example 1.
  • a growth control group, an ultraviolet control group, an essential oil control group, and an ultraviolet plus essential oil test group are set, and the method is detected according to the method of Example 1.
  • the results are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. 4.
  • the results are shown in Table 5.
  • the MIC value of turmeric essential oil is >1%. Under the turmeric essential oil concentration lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria is not significantly inhibited, because the use cost of high-concentration turmeric essential oil is high and practical application will usually occur. Considering that it is diluted to a low concentration, the concentration of 1% turmeric essential oil was finally selected as the concentration of UV synergist.
  • tea tree essential oil is 0.156%. At the concentration of tea tree essential oil lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria was not significantly inhibited. Weak effect, and the action time of this experiment is 30min, in order to make this essential oil have a weak bactericidal effect within 30min, finally select 0.25% tea tree essential oil concentration as the use concentration of ultraviolet synergist.
  • the results are shown in Table 9.
  • the MIC value of black pepper essential oil is >1%.
  • the concentration of black pepper essential oil lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria is not significantly inhibited, because of the high cost and practical application of high concentration black pepper essential oil.
  • the final concentration of 1% black pepper essential oil is used as the concentration of UV synergist.
  • the results are shown in Table 10.
  • the MIC value of European fir essential oil is 0.156%. At the concentration of European fir essential oil lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria was not significantly inhibited. Fir essential oil has a weak effect, and the action time of this experiment is 30min. In order to make the essential oil have a weak bactericidal effect within 30min, 1% European fir essential oil concentration is finally used as the concentration of ultraviolet synergist, and 1% European fir is finally selected. The concentration of essential oils used as a UV synergist.
  • the results are shown in Table 11.
  • the MIC value of eucalyptus essential oil is 0.313%. At the concentration of eucalyptus essential oil lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria was not significantly inhibited. Considering the high cost of use and the fact that it is usually diluted to a low concentration in practical applications, 0.25% eucalyptus essential oil concentration was finally selected as the concentration of UV synergist.
  • tea tree oil results are shown in Table 12.
  • the number of bacteria in the blank control group was not significantly different from that in the group treated with tea tree oil for 30 minutes; 25922 bacteria did not change the number of bacteria after 30min treatment. It shows that 0.25% tea tree essential oil has a weak bactericidal effect on ATCC 25922, so 0.25% concentration of tea tree essential oil is finally used in combination with ultraviolet light for 30min as the final condition.
  • black pepper essential oil The results of black pepper essential oil are shown in Table 13.
  • the number of bacteria in the blank control group was not significantly different from that in the group treated with black pepper essential oil for 30 minutes; it shows that there was no change in the number of bacteria after 1% black pepper essential oil was treated with ATCC 25922 bacteria for 30 minutes. It shows that 1% black pepper essential oil has weak bactericidal effect on ATCC 25922, so 1% concentration black pepper essential oil combined with UV light for 30min was selected as the final condition.
  • the results of European fir essential oil are shown in Table 14.
  • the number of bacteria in the blank control group was not significantly different from that in the group treated with European fir essential oil for 30 minutes. It shows that 1% A. fir essential oil has a weak bactericidal effect on ATCC 25922, so 1% concentration of A. fir essential oil combined with ultraviolet light for 30min was selected as the final condition.
  • eucalyptus leaf essential oil results are shown in Table 15.
  • the number of bacteria in the blank control group was not significantly different from that in the 30min group of eucalyptus leaf essential oil; 25922 bacteria did not change the number of bacteria after 30min treatment. It shows that 0.25% eucalyptus essential oil has a weak bactericidal effect on ATCC 25922, so 0.25% concentration of eucalyptus essential oil combined with ultraviolet light for 30min was selected as the final condition.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 0.25% tea tree oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that the synergistic effect of ultraviolet rays and 0.25% tea tree oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 The bactericidal effect Significantly.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 1% black pepper essential oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that the synergistic effect of ultraviolet rays and 1% black pepper essential oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The bactericidal effect is remarkable.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 1% European fir essential oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that the synergistic effect of ultraviolet light and 1% European fir essential oil on Escherichia coli ATCC The bactericidal effect of 25922 is remarkable.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 0.25% eucalyptus essential oil on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that the synergistic effect of ultraviolet rays and 0.25% eucalyptus essential oil on the large intestine Bacillus ATCC The bactericidal effect of 25922 is remarkable.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 1mM/L (S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that UV and 1mM/L L Synergistic effect of (S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid on Escherichia coli ATCC The bactericidal effect of 25922 is remarkable.
  • the results are shown in Table 23.
  • the MIC value of sebacic acid is >1mM/L.
  • concentration of sebacic acid lower than the MIC value, the growth of bacteria is not significantly inhibited, because of the high cost and practicality of using high concentrations of sebacic acid.
  • it When applying, it is usually diluted to a low concentration, and finally 1mM/L sebacic acid concentration is selected as the concentration of UV synergist.
  • the inhibitory effect of 25922 was not obvious; the same results also showed that the inhibitory effect of 1mM/L sebacic acid on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was not obvious; the combined effect of 30min showed that the synergistic effect of ultraviolet light and 1mM/L sebacic acid on Escherichia coli ATCC The bactericidal effect of 25922 is remarkable.

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Abstract

紫外杀菌增效剂及其联合紫外进行杀菌的方法，属于紫外杀菌技术领域。紫外线(UVA)、植物精油、有机酸类物质单独使用时杀菌效果微弱，但将以上物质与紫外进行连用后，具有明显的协同杀菌效果，相较于传统的紫外杀菌技术，能够更高效地杀灭细菌，并且减少紫外灯质量对于消毒效果的影响，同时紫外杀菌增效剂的用量较少，在保证安全的基础上实现了较高的杀菌效果，且原料易得，操作简便，应用性强。

Description

紫外杀菌增效剂及其联合紫外进行杀菌的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及紫外杀菌技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种紫外杀菌增效剂及其联合紫外进行杀菌的方法。
 背景技术
紫外线杀菌技术是一种无化学品残留，对环境影响小的方便的方法，常用于消毒气体，液体和固体表面。紫外线是一种电磁波谱中波长为400nm-10nm辐射的总称，不能引起人们的视觉。它是频率比蓝紫光高的不可见光，紫外线的分类有UVA、UVB、UVC和UVD。紫外灯杀菌由于其成本低、使用方便、不会产生耐药性等优点在各种场所都有使用。近年来，由于抗生素的大量使用，使得细菌耐药性越来越严重，伴随着多重耐药细菌的出现，导致在治疗病菌造成的感染时效果逐渐减弱，因此，研究非抗生素的杀菌技术在临床上应用越来越多，对紫外线杀菌效果的研究也越来越深入。
紫外杀菌技术的原理是利用适当波长的紫外线辐射，通过破坏生物体细胞内的DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）或RNA（核糖核酸）分子结构，造成生长细胞和/或再生细胞死亡，达到杀菌的效果。紫外线杀菌技术是以现代防疫科学、医学、光动力学为基础，采用专门设计的高效、高强度、长寿命紫外线照射物体表面，直接杀灭物体表面的各种细菌、病毒、寄生虫、藻类等病原体。同时能够在不产生抗生素耐药性的情况下杀灭细菌，因此不会导致细的耐药性提高。不过，低能量的紫外本身不足以达到非常好的杀菌效果，杀菌时间长且不能完全杀灭细菌。目前针对紫外杀菌增效领域，能够做到操作简便，原料易得，同时还能大大提高联合杀菌效果的报道较少，亟需补充新的紫外杀菌增效剂，增加紫外线在多种场合下的杀菌效果。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中存在的上述缺陷，提供紫外杀菌增效剂的应用。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，所述紫外杀菌增效剂包括植物精油和/或有机酸。
进一步地，所述植物精油包括茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油、佛手柑精油、姜黄精油中的一种或多种。
更进一步地，所述有机酸包括(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸、癸二酸中的一种或两种。
本发明发现以上物质与紫外联用，能够显著增强紫外杀菌能力，因此可以作为紫外杀菌的增效剂。
作为联合紫外使用的优选条件，紫外的照射时间为30min，紫外杀菌增效剂的浓度为0.1~2%。
作为联合紫外使用的优选条件，紫外强度为2.4-3.0 mW/ cm 2。
作为联合紫外使用的优选条件，进行紫外照射前需预热30min。
作为一种更具体的应用方案，所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，具体包括以下步骤：（1）将菌液与紫外杀菌增效剂进行混合，设置紫外照射条件；（2）预热紫外箱20-40min，将混合溶液放入紫外箱中照射25-35min。
优选地，步骤（1）中紫外照射条件为：波长范围300-460 nm，功率18W，紫外灯照射距离为6~10cm，紫外线强度为2.4-3.0 mW/cm 2。
优选地，步骤（1）中菌液的终浓度为10 6CFU/mL。
本发明同时提供一种紫外杀菌增效剂，所述紫外杀菌增效剂包括植物精油和/或有机酸；所述植物精油包括茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油、佛手柑精油、姜黄精油中的一种或多种；所述有机酸包括(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸、癸二酸中的一种或两种。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供了一种与紫外有了协同作用的增效剂，本研究基于A波段紫外线（UVA）和植物精油、有机酸等物质杀菌效果微弱，将其进行联合作用后具有明显的协同杀菌效果。本发明相较于传统的紫外杀菌技术，能够更高效地杀灭细菌，并且减少紫外灯质量对于消毒效果的影响，原料易得，操作简便，应用性强。同时紫外杀菌增效剂的用量较少，在保证安全的基础上实现了较高的杀菌效果。
 附图说明
图1为佛手柑精油与UVA联合处理时对细菌杀灭作用统计结果图。
图2为姜黄精油UVA联合处理时对细菌杀灭作用统计结果图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
下述实验例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所使用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，为可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。
所用的紫外灯为PHILIPS TL-D品牌；瓦数：18W；电压：220V；波长：（UVA）300-469nm；灯管管径：25mm；长度：60cm。
判定原则：如实验组降低的菌量在单独紫外处理和单独精油处理菌量下降的基础上再降低2个对数值，即表明增效剂与紫外具有协同杀菌作用。其中，增效剂中精油来自Satya品牌（意大利）；有机酸的纯度99%或以上。
实施例 1 不同紫外照射时间对 ATCC 25922 菌株的杀菌效果
1、实验材料：试验用培养基：将经高压灭菌的MH琼脂培养基和麦康凯琼脂培养基（购买自广东环凯微生物科技有限公司）冷却至55℃，用移液枪取20mL至无菌培养皿中，自然晾干30min，制得MH琼脂培养基和麦康凯琼脂培养基。大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922（实验室保藏）。
2、试验前的准备工作：（1）将紫外线灯开启并持续照射30min预热；（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
3、紫外线杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mL MH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中；（4）设置空白对照组和紫外照射处理组，其中紫外照处理组分为三组，分别照射15min、30min和60min。（5）紫外照射结束后，吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2mL离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37℃培养箱孵育16-18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
结果如表1所示，随着照射时间的增加，紫外对细菌的抑菌效果增加，其中，紫外照射15min组中，细菌数量与空白对照组细菌数量区别不大，说明紫外照射时间短不能对ATCC 25922产生明显的抑菌效果。紫外照射30min组中细菌数量开始下降，说明紫外开始对细菌有一定的抑菌效果。
Figure 594110dest_path_image001
实施例 2 ：
一、测定不同浓度佛手柑精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株的 MIC
1、实验材料：
（1）试验：将经高压灭菌的MH肉汤冷却备用。
（2）树脂天青：Macklin（麦克林）品牌，MW为251.17，纯度为90%；大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922（实验室保藏）。
2、试验前的准备工作：
（1）将佛手柑精油从冰箱取出并平衡至室温，吸取部分备用；（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922于麦康凯琼脂培养基上，培养至合适大小。（3）称取树脂天青粉末0.2512g在离心管中，加入10mL纯水进行溶解，树脂天青溶液浓度为10mM/L。3、佛手柑精油杀菌效果评价实验：（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mL MH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4小时后取出离心管；（2）使用MH肉汤将孵育后的大肠杆菌稀释到100倍，约为10 6CFU/mL，备用；（3）取无菌96孔板，第1孔加180μL MH肉汤培养基，第2-11孔加入100μL MH肉汤培养基；（4）在第1孔加入20μL原浓度精油，吹打均匀后，吸取100μL到第2孔，依次类推，第10孔吸取100μL弃去；（5）第1到11孔加入稀释好的菌液100μL，第12孔加入200μL MH肉汤；（6）重复步骤（3）到（5），进行三次重复平行；（7）将接种好的96孔板放入37度培养箱中孵育16-18h后，吸取10μL 10mM/L树脂天青加入孔中，树脂天青浓度为0.1mM/L，孵育2h后，读取结果。
结果如表2所示，佛手柑精油MIC值>1%，在低于MIC值的佛手柑精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度佛手柑精油使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用1%佛手柑精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 32044dest_path_image002
二、佛手柑精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株作用 30min 后的杀菌效果：
1、实验材料：
（1）试验用培养基：将经高压灭菌的MH琼脂培养基和麦康凯琼脂培养基（购买自广东环凯微生物科技有限公司）冷却至55℃，用移液枪取20mL至无菌培养皿中，自然晾干30min，制得MH琼脂培养基和麦康凯琼脂培养基。大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922（实验室保藏）。
2、试验前的准备工作：
（1）将佛手柑精油从冰箱取出并平衡至室温，吸取部分备用；
（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
3、佛手柑精油杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mL MH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；
（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；
（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL原浓度佛手柑精油并混合均匀使精油终浓度为1%；
（4）设置对照，空白对照、1%佛手柑精油组处理30min；
（5）吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2mL离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37℃培养箱孵育16-18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
结果如表3所示，空白对照组细菌数量与佛手柑精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1%佛手柑精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1%佛手柑精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1%浓度佛手柑精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 187082dest_path_image003
三、紫外和佛手柑精油对大肠杆菌 ATCC 25922 的杀灭效果评价
参照实施例1，将佛手柑精油联合紫外进行杀菌操作：
其中
步骤（3）：将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL原浓度佛手柑精油并混合均匀；
步骤（4）：设置对照，空白对照、1%精油处理遮光后放入紫外照射箱，联合作用组和紫外照射处理组照射紫外30min；
其他步骤操作同实施例1，在本实验中设置一个生长对照组，一个紫外对照组，一个精油对照组，一个紫外加精油测试组，按照实施例1的方法进行检测，结果如图1和表4。
如表4和图1所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1%佛手柑精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1%佛手柑精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 394072dest_path_image004
以下实施例均参照上述实验操作，分别对不同精油和有机酸进行实验，具体如下：
实施例 3 ：
一、测定不同浓度姜黄精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株的 MIC
结果如表5所示，姜黄精油MIC值>1%，在低于MIC值的姜黄精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度姜黄精油使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用1%姜黄精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 507522dest_path_image005
二、姜黄精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株作用 30min 后的杀菌效果：
结果如表6所示，空白对照组细菌数量与姜黄精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1%姜黄精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1%姜黄精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1%浓度姜黄精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 26228dest_path_image006
三、紫外和紫外增效剂姜黄精油对大肠杆菌 ATCC 25922 的杀灭效果评价
结果如表7和图2所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1%姜黄精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1%姜黄精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 250536dest_path_image007
实施例 4 ：
一、测定茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株的 MIC
结果如表8所示，茶树精油MIC值为0.156%，在低于MIC值的茶树精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，但由于MIC作用时间为16-18h，0.156%浓度茶树精油有微弱作用效果，而本实验作用时间为30min，为使得该精油在30min内有微弱杀菌效果，最终选用0.25%茶树精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 46454dest_path_image008
结果如表9所示，黑胡椒精油MIC值>1%，在低于MIC值的黑胡椒精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度黑胡椒精油使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用1%黑胡椒精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 65225dest_path_image009
结果如表10所示，欧洲冷杉精油MIC值为0.156%，在低于MIC值的欧洲冷杉精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，但由于MIC作用时间为16-18h，0.156%浓度欧洲冷杉精油有微弱作用效果，而本实验作用时间为30min，为使得该精油在30min内有微弱杀菌效果，最终选用1%欧洲冷杉精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度，最终选用1%欧洲冷杉精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 477752dest_path_image010
结果如表11所示，尤加利叶精油MIC值为0.313%，在低于MIC值的尤加利叶精油浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度尤加利叶精油使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用0.25%尤加利叶精油浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 99226dest_path_image011
二、茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油对 ATCC 25922 菌株作用 30min 后的杀菌效果
茶树精油结果如表12所示，空白对照组细菌数量与茶树精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明0.25%茶树精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明0.25%茶树精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用0.25%浓度茶树精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 280809dest_path_image012
黑胡椒精油结果如表13所示，空白对照组细菌数量与黑胡椒精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1%黑胡椒精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1%黑胡椒精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1%浓度黑胡椒精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 204903dest_path_image013
欧洲冷杉精油结果如表14所示，空白对照组细菌数量与欧洲冷杉精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1%欧洲冷杉精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1%欧洲冷杉精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1%浓度欧洲冷杉精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 104725dest_path_image014
尤加利叶精油结果如表15所示，空白对照组细菌数量与尤加利叶精油作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明0.25%尤加利叶精油对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明0.25%尤加利叶精油对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用0.25%浓度尤加利叶精油与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 405257dest_path_image015
三、紫外和紫外增效剂茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油对大肠杆菌 ATCC 25922 的杀灭效果评价
茶树精油联合紫外线增效剂效果结果如表16，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了0.25%茶树精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和0.25%茶树精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 706925dest_path_image016
黑胡椒精油联合紫外线结果如表17所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1%黑胡椒精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1%黑胡椒精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 801920dest_path_image017
欧洲冷杉精油联合紫外线结果如表18所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1%欧洲冷杉精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1%欧洲冷杉精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 782514dest_path_image018
尤加利叶精油联合紫外线结果如表19所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了0.25%尤加利叶精油对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和0.25%尤加利叶精油的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 152316dest_path_image019
实施例 5 ：
一、测定 (S)-2- 羟基 -4- 甲基戊酸对 ATCC 25922 菌株的 MIC
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）称取(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸粉末0.1335g，溶剂为纯水10mL，(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922于麦康凯琼脂培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37度摇床中180转孵育4小时后取出离心管；
（2）使用MH肉汤将孵育后的大肠杆菌释到100倍，约为10 6CFU/mL，备用；
（3）取无菌96孔板，第1孔加180μLMH肉汤培养基，第2-11孔加入100μLMH肉汤培养基；
（4）在第1列加入20μL100mM/L(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸，吹打均匀后，吸取100μL到第2孔，依次类推，第10孔吸取100μL弃去。
（5）第1到11孔加入稀释好的菌液100μL，第12孔加入200μL MH肉汤；
（6）重复步骤（3）到（5），进行三次重复平行；
（7）将接种好的96孔板放入37度培养箱中孵育16-18h后，读取结果。
结果如表20所示，(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸MIC值＞1mM/L，在低于MIC值的(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 777332dest_path_image020
二、 (S)-2- 羟基 -4- 甲基戊酸对 ATCC 25922 菌株作用 30min 后的杀菌效果：
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）称取(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸粉末0.1335g，溶剂为纯水10mL，(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；
（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；
（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL 100mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸并混合均匀，终浓度为1mM/L；
（4）设置对照，空白对照、1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸处理30min；
（5）吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2ml离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37度培养箱孵育16~18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
结果如表21所示，空白对照组细菌数量与1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1mM/L浓度 (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 574387dest_path_image021
三、紫外和紫外增效剂 (S)-2- 羟基 -4- 甲基戊酸对大肠杆菌 ATCC 25922 的杀灭效果评价
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）将紫外线灯开启并持续照射30min预热；
（2）称取(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸粉末0.1335g，溶剂为纯水10mL，(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（3）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、紫外线增效剂效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37度摇床中180转孵育4小时后取出离心管；
（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；
（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL 100mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸并混合均匀，终浓度为1mM/L；
（4）设置对照，空白对照、1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸处理遮光后放入紫外照射箱，联合作用组和紫外照射处理组照射紫外30min；
（5）紫外照射结束后，吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2ml离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37℃培养箱孵育16~18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
在本实验中设置一个生长对照组，一个紫外对照组，一个1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸对照组，一个紫外加1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸测试组，按照实施例1的方法进行检测。
结果如表22所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1mM/L (S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 917644dest_path_image022
实施例 6 ：
一、测定癸二酸对 ATCC 25922 菌株的 MIC
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）称取癸二酸粉末0.2043g，溶剂为无水乙醇10mL，癸二酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922于麦康凯琼脂培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、癸二酸杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；
（2）使用MH肉汤将孵育后的大肠杆菌释到100倍，约为10 6CFU/mL，备用；
（3）取无菌96孔板，第1孔加180μLMH肉汤培养基，第2-11孔加入100μLMH肉汤培养基；
（4）在第1列加入20μL100mM/L癸二酸，吹打均匀后，吸取100μL到第2孔，依次类推，第10孔吸取100μL弃去。
（5）第1到11孔加入稀释好的菌液100μL，第12孔加入200μL MH肉汤；
（6）重复步骤（3）到（5），进行三次重复平行；
（7）将接种好的96孔板放入37℃培养箱中孵育16-18h后，读取结果。
结果如表23所示，癸二酸MIC值＞1mM/L，在低于MIC值的癸二酸浓度下，细菌没有被明显的抑制生长，出于对高浓度癸二酸使用成本高和实际应用时通常会被稀释到低浓度使用的考虑，最终选用1mM/L癸二酸浓度作为紫外增效剂的使用浓度。
Figure 91136dest_path_image023
二、癸二酸对 ATCC 25922 菌株作用 30min 后的杀菌效果：
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）称取癸二酸粉末0.2043g，溶剂为无水乙醇10mL，癸二酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（2）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC 25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、癸二酸杀菌效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；
（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；
（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL 100mM/L 癸二酸并混合均匀，终浓度为1mM/L；
（4）设置对照，空白对照、1mM/L 癸二酸处理30min；
（5）吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2ml离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37℃培养箱孵育16~18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
结果如表24所示，空白对照组细菌数量与1mM/L 癸二酸作用30min组细菌数量没有明显区分；说明1mM/L 癸二酸对ATCC 25922细菌处理30min之后没有发生细菌数量变化。表明1mM/L 癸二酸对ATCC 25922 杀菌效果微弱，故最终选用1mM/L浓度 癸二酸与紫外联合使用30min作为最终条件。
Figure 695293dest_path_image024
三、紫外和紫外增效剂癸二酸对大肠杆菌 ATCC 25922 的杀灭效果评价
1、试验前的准备工作：
（1）将紫外线灯开启并持续照射30min预热；
（2）称取癸二酸粉末0.2043g，溶剂为无水乙醇10mL，癸二酸浓度为100mM/L，溶解后用滤膜过滤，备用；
（3）将大肠杆菌标准菌株ATCC25922 于麦康凯培养基上，培养至合适大小。
2、紫外线增效剂效果评价实验：
（1）接种大肠杆菌ATCC 25922单菌落在装有4mLMH肉汤的离心管中，放入37℃摇床中180转孵育4h后取出离心管；
（2）将离心管放入离心机中，5000转离心8min后倒去上清液并加入等体积生理盐水重悬，并进行梯度稀释使最终菌量为10 6CFU/mL；
（3）将1mL菌液加入六孔板中，加入10μL 100mM/L 癸二酸并混合均匀，终浓度为1mM/L
（4）设置对照，空白对照、1mM/L 癸二酸处理遮光后放入紫外照射箱，联合作用组和紫外照射处理组照射紫外30min；
（5）紫外照射结束后，吸取100μL菌液加入装有900μL 0.85%生理盐水的2mL离心管中进行梯度稀释，稀释后吸取25μL滴在MH琼脂培养基上，37℃培养箱孵育16~18h，进行计数，实验结果经过三个生物学重复后进行统计分析。
在本实验中设置一个生长对照组，一个紫外对照组，一个1mM/L 癸二酸对照组，一个紫外加1mM/L 癸二酸测试组，按照实施例1的方法进行检测。
结果如表25所示，空白对照组中细菌正常生长，说明该实验条件下大肠杆菌ATCC 25922能够正常生长；在紫外灯照射30min下，大肠杆菌ATCC 25922与空白对照组相比没有明显减少，说明紫外线对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；同样结果也显示了1mM/L 癸二酸对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的抑制作用不明显；联合作用30min结果表明，紫外线和1mM/L 癸二酸的协同作用对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的杀菌效果显著。
Figure 663249dest_path_image025
以上对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下，对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，仍落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，所述紫外杀菌增效剂包括植物精油和/或有机酸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，所述植物精油包括茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油、佛手柑精油、姜黄精油中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，所述有机酸包括(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸、癸二酸中的一种或两种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，紫外的照射时间为30min，紫外杀菌增效剂的浓度为0.1~2%。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，当植物精油为茶树精油或尤加利叶精油时，植物精油的浓度为0.25%，其余植物精油的浓度为1%。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，有机酸的浓度为1%。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，紫外强度为2.4-3.0 mW/ cm 2。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，进行紫外照射前需预热30min。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）将菌液与紫外杀菌增效剂进行混合，设置紫外照射条件；（2）预热紫外箱20-40min，将混合溶液放入紫外箱中照射25-35min。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，步骤（1）中紫外照射条件为：波长范围300-460 nm，功率18W，紫外灯照射距离为6~10cm，紫外线强度为2.4-3.0 mW/cm 2。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述紫外杀菌增效剂在联合紫外进行杀菌中的应用，其特征在于，步骤（1）中菌液的终浓度为10 6CFU/Ml。
  12. 一种紫外杀菌增效剂，其特征在于，所述紫外杀菌增效剂包括植物精油和/或有机酸；所述植物精油包括茶树精油、黑胡椒精油、欧洲冷杉精油、尤加利叶精油、佛手柑精油、姜黄精油中的一种或多种；所述有机酸包括(S)-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸、癸二酸中的一种或两种。
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