WO2022121412A1 - 风轮以及风机 - Google Patents

风轮以及风机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022121412A1
WO2022121412A1 PCT/CN2021/117729 CN2021117729W WO2022121412A1 WO 2022121412 A1 WO2022121412 A1 WO 2022121412A1 CN 2021117729 W CN2021117729 W CN 2021117729W WO 2022121412 A1 WO2022121412 A1 WO 2022121412A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
layer
layers
feature
distance
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PCT/CN2021/117729
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏起钦
Original Assignee
广东美的暖通设备有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022121412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121412A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of fans, and in particular, to a wind wheel and a fan.
  • the suction surface of the wind rotor blade is usually dominated by a smooth curved surface.
  • the axial flow fan of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is usually required to have excellent aerodynamic performance and less noise, the chord length of the middle and outer edge of the rotor blade is often large, which makes the suction surface of the blade prone to airflow separation. phenomenon, which in turn affects the aerodynamic efficiency of the axial flow fan and causes the noise generated by the axial flow fan to increase.
  • the main technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a wind wheel and a fan, which can improve the separation of airflow on the suction surface of the blade.
  • the wind wheel includes a hub.
  • the wind wheel also includes blades connected to the hub.
  • the wind wheel further includes at least two layers of characteristic structure, and the at least two layers of characteristic structure are arranged on the suction surface of the blade.
  • Each feature structure layer includes at least two feature structures respectively, and the at least two feature structures of each feature structure layer are sequentially distributed along the direction from the blade root to the outer edge of the blade.
  • the at least two feature structure layers are distributed layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, wherein the thickness of the blade at the location of the feature structure layer decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, and the thickness of each feature structure layer Thickness difference setting.
  • the thickness of the feature layer decreases layer by layer along a direction close to the trailing edge of the blade.
  • the distance between corresponding positions of adjacent feature structure layers is 0.5 mm to 100 mm.
  • the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature structure layers close to the blade root is smaller than the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature structure layers close to the outer edge.
  • the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature structure layers close to the blade root is 30 mm, and the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature structure layers close to the outer edge is 50 mm.
  • the distance between corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures is 5 mm to 80 mm.
  • the distance between corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures is 22 mm.
  • the orthographic projection of the feature structure on the reference plane is at least one of an arc shape, a curve shape and a polyline shape, wherein the reference plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the wheel hub.
  • At least two feature layers are provided on the suction side near the trailing edge of the blade.
  • the fan includes the fan wheel described in the above embodiments.
  • the present application provides a wind wheel and a fan.
  • the suction surface of the blade of the wind rotor is provided with at least two layers of characteristic structure layers, each characteristic structure layer includes at least two characteristic structures respectively, and the at least two characteristic structures of each characteristic structure layer extend from the blade root to the outer edge of the blade
  • the at least two characteristic structure layers are distributed layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, so that the suction surface of the blade presents a non-smooth form, thus improving the airflow separation on the suction surface of the blade.
  • the thickness of the blade at the position of the characteristic structure layer decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, and the thickness of each characteristic structure layer is set differently, so that the thickness of the blade is reduced, which can reduce the weight of the blade. It is beneficial to improve the aerodynamic performance of the wind wheel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind wheel of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a part of the wind wheel shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the cross-sectional structure of the partial A-A direction of the wind rotor shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the partial B area of the wind wheel shown in Fig. 2;
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the distance between adjacent feature structure layers of the present application and noise
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the distance between the corresponding positions of any adjacent two feature structures in each feature structure layer of the present application and the noise;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the rotor of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fan of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between the rotational speed and the air volume;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between air volume and power;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between air volume and noise.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wind rotor.
  • the wind wheel includes a hub.
  • the wind wheel also includes blades connected to the hub.
  • the wind wheel further includes at least two layers of characteristic structure, and the at least two layers of characteristic structure are arranged on the suction surface of the blade.
  • Each feature structure layer includes at least two feature structures respectively, and the at least two feature structures of each feature structure layer are sequentially distributed along the direction from the blade root to the outer edge of the blade.
  • the at least two feature structure layers are distributed layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, wherein the thickness of the blade at the location of the feature structure layer decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, and the thickness of each feature structure layer Thickness difference setting. Details are described below.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind rotor of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the wind rotor shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a blade 12 of the wind wheel 10 shown in FIG. 1 and a part of the hub 11 connected thereto.
  • the rotor 10 includes a hub 11 and blades 12 connected to the hub 11 .
  • the number of the blades 12 is one or more, and the blades 12 are sequentially spaced along the circumferential direction of the hub 11 .
  • the wheel hub 11 is used for driving connection with a driving device such as a motor, so as to drive the wheel hub 11 around the central axis of the wheel hub 11 through the driving device (as shown by the central axis O in Figures 1 and 2, where the central axis O is perpendicular to Figures 1 and 2). 2 on the paper, the same below) rotates, and then drives the blades 12 connected to the hub 11 to rotate around the central axis of the hub 11 to generate wind flow.
  • a driving device such as a motor
  • Each blade 12 has a root 121 , an outer edge 122 , a leading edge 123 , a trailing edge 124 , a pressure surface 125 and a suction surface 126 , respectively.
  • the blade root 121 of the blade 12 is connected to the hub 11 , and the edge of the blade 12 opposite to the blade root 121 is the outer edge 122 .
  • the leading edge 123 and the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 are disposed opposite to each other, and the two ends of the leading edge 123 are respectively connected to the blade root 121 and the outer edge 122 , and the two ends of the trailing edge 124 are also connected to the blade root 121 and the outer edge 122 respectively.
  • the blade 12 moves The resulting circumferential wind flow flows from the leading edge 123 to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 .
  • the pressure surface 125 and the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 are arranged opposite to each other, and the axial wind flow caused by the movement of the blade 12 flows from the side where the suction surface 126 is located to the side where the pressure surface 125 is located.
  • the suction surface of the blade is usually dominated by a smooth curved surface. Keeping the suction surface smooth helps reduce the friction loss of the blade and helps avoid unnecessary aerodynamic noise. .
  • the chord length of the middle and outer edge of the blade is often large, and the suction surface of the blade of the traditional wind rotor is usually a smooth curved surface, which leads to When the airflow flows through the blade surface, a boundary layer will be formed on the blade surface due to the action of viscous force, and the thickness of the boundary layer will gradually increase along the flow direction of the airflow, and an inverse pressure gradient will be generated in the boundary layer.
  • the traditional wind turbine is often realized by adjusting the installation angle of the blade.
  • This method is relatively simple and can also achieve better results in some specific cases.
  • adjusting the installation angle will cause the aerodynamic performance of the rotor to decrease, or even seriously deteriorate.
  • it is easy to cause obvious changes in the axial dimension of the wind wheel, which cannot meet the needs of practical application of air-conditioning products.
  • the wind wheel 10 of this embodiment further includes at least two layers 13 of characteristic structures.
  • the at least two feature layers 13 are disposed on the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 .
  • Each feature structure layer 13 includes at least two feature structures 131 respectively, and the at least two feature structures 131 of each feature structure layer 13 are sequentially distributed along the direction from the blade root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12 .
  • the at least two feature layers 13 are distributed layer by layer in a direction close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 .
  • the design of the above-mentioned characteristic structure layer 13 is similar to the feathers of birds or the scales of fish, etc., so that the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 presents a non-smooth form, which helps to introduce high-energy fluid into the boundary layer, After the boundary layer flow field in the reverse pressure gradient obtains additional energy, it can continue to be attached to the suction surface 126 of the blade 12, thereby achieving the effect of delaying the airflow separation of the suction surface 126, thus improving the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12. situation, which further helps to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the fan to which the wind wheel 10 of this embodiment is applied and reduce the noise.
  • the thickness of the blade 12 at the position of the above-mentioned characteristic structure layer 13 decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 , so that the thickness of the blade 12 is obtained
  • Thinning can reduce the weight of the blade 12, which is beneficial to improve the aerodynamic performance of the wind rotor 10, and the layer-by-layer thinning of the thickness of the blade 12 also helps to introduce high-energy fluid into the boundary layer, so that the boundary layer in the reverse pressure gradient is After the flow field obtains additional energy, it can continue to be attached to the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 , thereby achieving the effect of delaying the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 .
  • each feature structure layer 13 (as shown by the thickness h in FIG. 3 ) is set differently, so that the thickness of the blade 12 can be reduced to different degrees, so that according to the requirements for the aerodynamic performance of the wind wheel 10, Reasonable selection of the thinning degree of the blade 12 can ensure that the weight of the blade 12 can be reduced, the strength of the blade 12 itself will not be significantly affected, and the requirements for the aerodynamic performance of the wind rotor 10 can also be met.
  • the thickness of the feature structure layer 13 decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12, as shown in FIG. weight.
  • the thickness of the feature structure layer 13 increases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 , which is not limited herein.
  • the thickness of the characteristic structure layer 13 is the characteristic structure adjacent to the characteristic structure layer 13 and relatively close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 on the basis of the thickness of the blade 12 at the position of the characteristic structure layer 13 .
  • the characteristic structure layer ⁇ and the characteristic structure layer ⁇ are adjacent, and the characteristic structure layer ⁇ is closer to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12 than the characteristic structure layer ⁇ , and the thickness h of the characteristic structure layer ⁇ is the same as that in the characteristic structure layer ⁇ .
  • the thinned thickness of the blade 12 at the location of the characteristic structure layer ⁇ that is, on the basis of the thickness of the blade 12 at the location of the characteristic structure layer ⁇ , the characteristic structure layer ⁇ is located.
  • the blade 12 at the location is further thinned by a thickness h of the feature layer ⁇ .
  • the at least two feature layers 13 described above are on the suction surface.
  • 126 is set close to the trailing edge 124 of the blade 12, so that the position on the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 close to the trailing edge 124 presents a non-smooth form, so as to achieve the effect of delaying the airflow separation of the suction surface 126, which can further improve the suction of the blade 12. flow separation on face 126.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of the partial B area of the wind wheel shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 (as shown by the distance D in FIG. 4 , the same below) is 0.5 mm to 100 mm.
  • the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 may be the distance between corresponding positions of adjacent feature structure layers 13 .
  • the distance between adjacent feature layers 13 may be the minimum distance between the ends of the features 131 of adjacent feature layers 13 toward the trailing edge 124 .
  • the characteristic structure layer 13 improves its effect of inhibiting the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12, and avoids that the characteristic structure layer 13 has a poor effect of inhibiting the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 due to the sparse distribution of the characteristic structure layer 13.
  • the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature layers 13 close to the blade root 121 is smaller than the distance between the ends of the adjacent feature layers 13 close to the outer edge 122 .
  • the distance between adjacent feature layers 13 gradually increases along the direction from the root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12 to match the chord length of the blade 12 along the direction from the root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12 The direction gradually increases, so that the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 better matches the variation of the chord length of the blade 12, which is beneficial to improve the effect of the feature structure layer 13 in inhibiting the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12.
  • the above design can make the blade 12 of this embodiment have a more excellent product appearance, which is more in line with industrial design and application, and is beneficial to improve the product competitiveness of the wind rotor 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 is 0.5mm to 100mm.
  • the distance between the ends of adjacent feature structure layers 13 close to the blade root 121 is preferably 30mm.
  • the distance between the ends of adjacent feature layers 13 near the outer edge 122 is 50 mm. That is, the distance between adjacent feature layers 13 in the present embodiment gradually increases from 30 mm to 50 mm along the direction from the root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12 .
  • the distance between the adjacent characteristic structure layers 13 can better match the variation of the chord length of the blade 12, which is beneficial to improve the effect of the characteristic structure layer 13 in restraining the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12, and further guarantees Product appearance effect of the blade 12 .
  • Figure 5 shows the relationship between the distance D between adjacent feature layers and the noise. It can be seen that the distance between the adjacent feature structure layers 13 in this embodiment is between 30 mm and 50 mm, which can ensure that the fan using the wind wheel 10 in this embodiment has less noise.
  • the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 may also gradually decrease along the direction from the blade root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12 , or remain unchanged.
  • the distance between adjacent feature structure layers 13 presents an irregular form along the direction from the blade root 121 to the outer edge 122 of the blade 12, which can improve the effect of the feature structure layer 13 in restraining the airflow separation on the suction surface 126 of the blade 12, This is not limited.
  • each feature structure layer 13 the distance between the corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures 131 (as shown by the distance d in FIG. 4, the same below) is 5 mm to 80 mm, wherein The distance between the corresponding positions of any adjacent two features 131 may be the distance between the ends of any adjacent two features 131 toward the trailing edge 124 .
  • the distribution form of the characteristic structures 131 in each characteristic structure layer 13 can meet the requirements, thereby ensuring the effect of the characteristic structure layer 13 to restrain the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 .
  • each feature structure layer 13 the distance between the corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures 131 is preferably 22 mm. In this way, the effect of the feature structure layer 13 in restraining the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 can be ensured to the maximum extent.
  • Figure 6 shows the relationship between the distance d between the corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures in each feature structure layer and the noise. It can be seen that the distance between the corresponding positions of any adjacent two feature structures 131 in each feature structure layer 13 of the above embodiment is preferably 22 mm, which can ensure that the fan applying the wind wheel 10 of this embodiment has less noise.
  • each feature structure layer 13 the distance between the corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures 131 may be equal, so as to ensure the effect of the feature structure layer 13 to inhibit the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12
  • the blade 12 has a more excellent product appearance, which is more in line with industrial design and application, it is beneficial to improve the product competitiveness of the wind rotor 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • each feature structure layer 13 the distance between the corresponding positions of any two adjacent feature structures 131 may also be set differently, and there is no regularity, which can improve the The effect of the feature structure layer 13 on restraining the airflow separation of the suction surface 126 of the blade 12 is not limited herein.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the wind wheel of the present application.
  • the orthographic projection of the feature structure 131 on the reference plane is at least one of an arc shape, a curve shape, and a polyline shape, wherein the reference plane (as shown by plane ⁇ in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 , the same below) ) is perpendicular to the central axis of the hub 11.
  • the blade 12 can have a more excellent product appearance, which is more in line with industrial design and application, and is beneficial to improve the product competitiveness of the wind rotor 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows the case where the orthographic projection of the feature structure 131 on the reference plane ⁇ is an arc, which may further be an arc, etc.
  • the orthographic projection of the feature structure 131 on the reference plane ⁇ shown in FIG. 2 is a semicircular arc.
  • FIG. 7 shows the case where the orthographic projection of the feature structure 131 on the reference plane ⁇ is in the shape of a broken line.
  • the orthographic projection of the feature structure 131 on the reference plane may be other graphics, and the orthographic projection of the at least two feature structures 131 included in each feature structure layer 13 on the reference plane may be It is any combination of arc, broken line and other graphics, which is not limited here.
  • the suction surface of the blade is provided with at least two layers of characteristic structure layers, each characteristic structure layer includes at least two characteristic structures respectively, and at least two characteristic layers of each characteristic structure layer are The structure is distributed in sequence from the blade root to the outer edge of the blade, and the at least two characteristic structure layers are distributed layer by layer in the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, so that the suction surface of the blade presents a non-smooth form, thus improving the blade suction In the case of air flow separation.
  • the thickness of the blade at the position of the characteristic structure layer decreases layer by layer along the direction close to the trailing edge of the blade, and the thickness of each characteristic structure layer is set differently, so that the thickness of the blade is reduced, which can reduce the weight of the blade. It is beneficial to improve the aerodynamic performance of the wind wheel.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fan of the present application.
  • the fan includes a rotor 10 .
  • the wind rotor 10 has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the fan further includes a driving device 20 , and the driving device 20 is drivingly connected with the wind wheel 10 , so as to drive the wind wheel 10 to rotate through the driving device 20 , thereby generating wind flow.
  • the driving device 20 may be a motor or the like, which is not limited herein.
  • the fan in this embodiment may be an axial-flow fan, and the concept and working principle of the axial-flow fan are within the understanding of those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the fan in this embodiment can be applied to an outdoor unit of an air-conditioning system, etc., especially an outdoor unit of an air-conditioning system in a multi-connected form, which is not limited herein.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between the speed and the air volume, wherein I1 expresses the relationship between the speed and the air volume of the fan of the present application, and I2 expresses the traditional fan. The relationship between the speed and the air volume . It can be seen from FIG. 9 that when the fan of the present application and the conventional fan have the same rotational speed, the fan of the present application has a larger air volume.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between air volume and power, wherein I3 expresses the relationship between the fan of the present application and the power, and I4 expresses the traditional fan.
  • the relationship between air volume and power It can be seen from FIG. 10 that when the fan of the present embodiment has the same air volume as the conventional fan, the power of the fan of the present application is lower, which means that the power consumption of the fan of the present application is lower.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the fan of the present application and the traditional fan with respect to the relationship between air volume and noise, wherein I5 expresses the relationship between the fan of the present application and the noise, and I6 expresses the relationship between the traditional fan and the noise. . It can be seen from FIG. 11 that when the fan of the present embodiment has the same air volume as the conventional fan, the fan of the present application has less noise.

Abstract

一种风轮（10）以及风机。风轮（10）包括轮毂（11）。风轮（10）还包括叶片（12），叶片（12）连接轮毂（11）。风轮（10）还包括至少两层特征结构层（13），至少两层特征结构层（13）设于叶片（12）的吸力面（126）。每个特征结构层（13）分别包括至少两个特征结构（131），每个特征结构层（13）的至少两个特征结构（131）沿自叶片（12）的叶根（121）至外缘（122）的方向依次分布。至少两层特征结构层（13）沿靠近叶片（12）的后缘（124）的方向逐层分布，其中特征结构层（13）所在位置处的叶片（12）的厚度沿靠近叶片（12）的后缘（124）的方向逐层减小，并且每个特征结构层（13）的厚度差异设置。

Description

风轮以及风机
本申请要求于2020年12月10日提交的申请号为202022984743.0，发明名称为“风轮以及风机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
【技术领域】
本申请涉及风机技术领域，特别是涉及一种风轮以及风机。
【背景技术】
目前，空调室外机所应用的轴流风机，其风轮叶片的吸力面通常以光滑曲面为主。并且，由于通常要求空调室外机的轴流风机具有优良的气动性能以及较小的噪声，风轮叶片的中部以及外缘的弦长往往较大，这就导致叶片的吸力面容易发生气流分离的现象，进而对轴流风机的气动效率造成影响并且导致轴流风机工作时产生的噪声加重。
【发明内容】
有鉴于此，本申请主要解决的技术问题是提供一种风轮以及风机，能够改善叶片吸力面气流分离的情况。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种风轮。该风轮包括轮毂。该风轮还包括叶片，叶片连接轮毂。该风轮还包括至少两层特征结构层，该至少两层特征结构层设于叶片的吸力面。每个特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个特征结构层的至少两个特征结构沿自叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布。该至少两层特征结构层沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，其中特征结构层所在位置处的叶片的厚度沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，并且每个特征结构层的厚度差异设置。
在本申请的一实施例中，特征结构层的厚度沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层递减。
在本申请的一实施例中，相邻特征结构层的对应位置之间的距离为0.5mm至100mm。
在本申请的一实施例中，相邻特征结构层靠近叶根的端部之间的距离小于该相邻特征结构层靠近外缘的端部之间的距离。
在本申请的一实施例中，相邻特征结构层靠近叶根的端部之间的距离为30mm，该相邻特征结构层靠近外缘的端部之间的距离为50mm。
在本申请的一实施例中，在各特征结构层中，任意相邻的两个特征结构的对应位置之间的距离为5mm至80mm。
在本申请的一实施例中，在各特征结构层中，任意相邻的两个特征结构的对应位置之间的距离为22mm。
在本申请的一实施例中，特征结构在参考平面上的正投影为弧形、曲线形以及折线形中的至少一种，其中参考平面垂直于轮毂的中心轴。
在本申请的一实施例中，至少两层特征结构层在吸力面上靠近叶片的后缘设置。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的又一个技术方案是：提供一种风机。该风机包括上述实施例所阐述的风轮。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术，本申请提供一种风轮以及风机。该风轮的叶片的吸力面设有至少两层特征结构层，每个特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个特征结构层的至少两个特征结构沿自叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布，该至少两层特征结构层沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，使得叶片的吸力面呈现非光滑的形式，因而能够改善叶片吸力面气流分离的情况。
并且，特征结构层所在位置处的叶片的厚度沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，每个特征结构层的厚度差异设置，使得叶片的厚度得到减薄，能够减轻叶片的重量，有利于改善风轮的气动性能。
【附图说明】
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。此外，这些附图和文字描述并不是为了通过任何方式限制本申请构思的范围，而是通过参考特定实施例为本领域技术人员说明本申请的概念。
图1是本申请风轮一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示风轮一局部的结构示意图；
图3是图2所示风轮局部A-A方向的剖面结构一实施例的结构示意图；
图4是图2所示风轮局部B区域的放大结构示意图；
图5是本申请相邻特征结构层之间的距离与噪声之间的关系的示意图；
图6是本申请各特征结构层中任意相邻的两个特征结构的对应位置之间的距离与噪声之间的关系的示意图；
图7是本申请风轮另一实施例的结构示意图；
图8是本申请风机一实施例的结构示意图；
图9是本申请风机与传统风机关于转速与风量关系的对比示意图；
图10是本申请风机与传统风机关于风量与功率关系的对比示意图；
图11是本申请风机与传统风机关于风量与噪声关系的对比示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请的实施例，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
为解决现有技术中轴流风机所应用的风轮其叶片吸力面容易发生气流分离现象的技术问题，本申请的一实施例提供一种风轮。该风轮包括轮毂。该风轮还包括叶片，叶片连接轮毂。该风轮还包括至少两层特征结构层，该至少两层特征结构层设于叶片的吸力面。每个特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个特征结构层的至少两个特征结构沿自叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布。该至少两层特征结构层沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，其中特征结构层所在位置处的叶片的厚度沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，并且每个特征结构层的厚度差异设置。以下进行详细阐述。
请参阅图1和图2，图1是本申请风轮一实施例的结构示意图，图2是图1 所示风轮一局部的结构示意图。其中，图2展示的是图1所示风轮10的一个叶片12及其连接的部分轮毂11。
在一实施例中，风轮10包括轮毂11以及连接轮毂11的叶片12。叶片12的数量为一个或多个，并且叶片12沿轮毂11的周向依次间隔分布。轮毂11用于与电机等驱动装置传动连接，以通过驱动装置驱动轮毂11绕轮毂11的中心轴(如图1和图2中的中心轴O所示，其中中心轴O垂直于图1和图2的纸面，下同)自转，进而带动轮毂11所连接的叶片12绕轮毂11的中心轴转动，产生风流。
每个叶片12分别具有叶根121、外缘122、前缘123、后缘124、压力面125以及吸力面126。其中，叶片12的叶根121连接轮毂11，叶片12相对叶根121的边缘为外缘122。叶片12的前缘123和后缘124相对设置，并且前缘123的两端分别连接叶根121和外缘122，后缘124的两端也分别连接叶根121和外缘122，叶片12运动而引起的周向风流自叶片12的前缘123流向后缘124。叶片12的压力面125和吸力面126相背设置，叶片12运动而引起的轴向风流自吸力面126所在侧流向压力面125所在侧。
传统风轮考虑到风轮的气动效率以及噪声等因素，叶片的吸力面通常以光滑曲面为主，吸力面保持光滑有助于减少叶片的摩擦损失，并且有助于避免产生不必要的气动噪声。然而，由于通常要求风轮具有优良的气动性能以及较小的噪声，叶片的中部以及外缘的弦长往往较大，又由于传统风轮其叶片的吸力面通常为光滑曲面，这就导致当气流流经叶片表面时，由于黏滞力的作用会在叶片表面形成边界层，且沿着气流流动方向边界层厚度逐渐增大，边界层内会产生逆压梯度，而当逆压梯度使边界层内的气流流速接近于零时将产生边界层分离的现象，即气流分离，因此弦长较大且较为光滑的吸力面容易导致叶片上靠近后缘的区域产生气流分离的现象，不仅会对风轮的气动效率造成不良影响而且还会增大风轮的气动噪声。
传统风轮为了改善叶片吸力面的气流分离的情况，往往通过调整叶片的安装角来实现，该方法较为简便，且在一些特定情况下也能取得较好的效果。然而，当叶片的安装角调整至与气流角相吻合后再调节安装角将会导致风轮的气动性能下降，甚至严重恶化。此外通过调整叶片的安装角的方式还容易导致风轮轴向尺寸产生明显变化，无法满足空调产品实际应用的需求。
有鉴于此，请继续参阅图2，本实施例的风轮10还包括至少两层特征结构 层13。该至少两层特征结构层13设于叶片12的吸力面126。每个特征结构层13分别包括至少两个特征结构131，且每个特征结构层13的至少两个特征结构131沿自叶片12的叶根121至外缘122的方向依次分布。该至少两层特征结构层13沿靠近叶片12的后缘124的方向逐层分布。
可以看出，上述特征结构层13的设计，类似于鸟类的羽毛或是鱼类的鱼鳞等，使得叶片12的吸力面126呈现非光滑的形式，有助于将高能流体引入边界层中，使得处于逆压梯度中的边界层流场获得附加能量后能够继续贴附在叶片12的吸力面126，从而达到延缓吸力面126的气流分离的效果，因而能够改善叶片12的吸力面126气流分离的情况，进而有助于提高应用本实施例风轮10的风机的气动效率以及减小噪声。
请一并参阅图3。在一实施例中，上述特征结构层13所在位置处的叶片12的厚度(如图3中厚度H所示)沿靠近叶片12的后缘124的方向逐层减小，使得叶片12的厚度得到减薄，能够减轻叶片12的重量，有利于改善风轮10的气动性能，并且叶片12厚度的逐层减薄同样有助于将高能流体引入边界层中，使得处于逆压梯度中的边界层流场获得附加能量后能够继续贴附在叶片12的吸力面126，从而达到延缓吸力面126的气流分离的效果。
进一步地，每个特征结构层13的厚度(如图3中厚度h所示)差异设置，能够使得叶片12的厚度得到不同程度的减薄，如此能够根据对风轮10的气动性能的要求，合理选择叶片12的减薄程度，在保证叶片12的重量能够得到减轻的前提下，叶片12自身的强度不会受到明显影响，并且还能够满足对风轮10的气动性能的要求。
更进一步地，特征结构层13的厚度沿靠近叶片12的后缘124的方向逐层递减，如图3所示，如此能够最大限度地减薄叶片12的厚度，即最大限度地减轻叶片12的重量。当然，在本申请的其它实施例中，特征结构层13的厚度沿靠近叶片12的后缘124的方向逐层递增，在此不做限定。
需要说明的是，特征结构层13的厚度即为在该特征结构层13所在位置处的叶片12的厚度的基础上，与该特征结构层13相邻且相对靠近叶片12后缘124的特征结构层13所在位置处的叶片12的减薄厚度。如图3所示，特征结构层α和特征结构层β相邻，并且特征结构层β相对特征结构层α靠近叶片12的后缘124，特征结构层α的厚度h即为在特征结构层α所在位置处的叶片12的厚度的基础上，特征结构层β所在位置处的叶片12的减薄厚度，即在特征结构层 α所在位置处的叶片12的厚度的基础上，特征结构层β所在位置处的叶片12进一步减薄了一个特征结构层α的厚度h。
请继续参阅图2。在一实施例中，由于叶片12上容易发生气流分离现象的区域多位于叶片12的吸力面126上靠近后缘124的位置，因此本实施例优选地上述至少两层特征结构层13在吸力面126上靠近叶片12的后缘124设置，以使得叶片12的吸力面126上靠近后缘124的位置呈现非光滑的形式，达到延缓吸力面126的气流分离的效果，能够进一步改善叶片12的吸力面126上气流分离的情况。
请参阅图2和图4，图4是图2所示风轮局部B区域的放大结构示意图。
在一实施例中，相邻特征结构层13之间的距离(如图4中的距离D所示，下同)为0.5mm至100mm。其中，相邻特征结构层13之间的距离可以是相邻特征结构层13的对应位置之间的距离。举例而言，如图4所示，相邻特征结构层13之间的距离可以是相邻特征结构层13的特征结构131朝向后缘124的端部之间的最小距离。
如此一来，能够保证相邻特征结构层13之间具有足够的距离，方便各特征结构层13的特征结构131的设计与制作，并且相邻特征结构层13之间的距离不至于过大，能够保证特征结构层13改善其抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果，避免由于特征结构层13分布过于稀疏而导致其抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果较差。
请继续参阅图2。在一实施例中，相邻特征结构层13靠近叶根121的端部之间的距离小于该相邻特征结构层13靠近外缘122的端部之间的距离。进一步地，相邻特征结构层13之间的距离沿自叶片12的叶根121至外缘122的方向逐渐增大，以匹配叶片12的弦长沿自叶片12的叶根121至外缘122的方向逐渐增大的趋势，使得相邻特征结构层13之间的距离更好地匹配叶片12弦长的变化情况，有利于改善特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果。并且，上述设计，能够使得本实施例的叶片12具有更优异的产品外观，更符合工业设计与应用，有利于提高本申请实施例的风轮10的产品竞争力。
基于上述实施例所阐述的相邻特征结构层13之间的距离为0.5mm至100mm，本实施例优选地相邻特征结构层13靠近叶根121的端部之间的距离为30mm，而该相邻特征结构层13靠近外缘122的端部之间的距离为50mm。也就是说，本实施例中相邻特征结构层13之间的距离沿自叶片12的叶根121至外 缘122的方向从30mm逐渐增大至50mm。如此一来，能够进一步保证相邻特征结构层13之间的距离更好地匹配叶片12弦长的变化情况，有利于改善特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果，并且进一步保证叶片12的产品外观效果。
图5展示了相邻特征结构层之间的距离D与噪声之间的关系。可以看出，本实施例相邻特征结构层13之间的距离介于30mm至50mm之间，能够保证应用本实施例风轮10的风机具有较小的噪声。
当然，在本申请的其它实施例中，相邻特征结构层13之间的距离也可以沿自叶片12的叶根121至外缘122的方向逐渐减小，或是保持不变。亦或是相邻特征结构层13之间的距离沿自叶片12的叶根121至外缘122的方向呈现不规律的形式，能够改善特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果，在此不做限定。
请继续参阅图2和图4。在一实施例中，在各特征结构层13中，任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离(如图4中的距离d所示，下同)为5mm至80mm，其中任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离可以是任意相邻的两个特征结构131朝向后缘124的端部之间的距离。通过上述方式，能够使得各特征结构层13中特征结构131的分布形式满足要求，进而保证特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果。
进一步地，本实施例优选为在各特征结构层13中，任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离为22mm。如此一来，能够最大限度地保证特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果。
图6展示了各特征结构层中任意相邻的两个特征结构的对应位置之间的距离d与噪声之间的关系。可以看出，上述实施例各特征结构层13中任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离优选为22mm，能够保证应用本实施例风轮10的风机具有较小的噪声。
可选地，在各特征结构层13中，任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离可以是相等的，如此在保证特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果的前提下，使得叶片12具有更优异的产品外观，更符合工业设计与应用，有利于提高本申请实施例的风轮10的产品竞争力。
当然，在本申请的其它实施例中，在各特征结构层13中，任意相邻的两个特征结构131的对应位置之间的距离也可以是差异设置的，并且不具备规律， 如此能够改善特征结构层13抑制叶片12吸力面126气流分离的效果，在此不做限定。
请参阅图2和图7，图7是本申请风轮另一实施例的结构示意图。
在一实施例中，特征结构131在参考平面上的正投影为弧形、曲线形以及折线形中的至少一种，其中参考平面(如图2和图7中的平面γ所示，下同)垂直于轮毂11的中心轴。通过上述方式，能够使得叶片12具有更优异的产品外观，更符合工业设计与应用，有利于提高本申请实施例的风轮10的产品竞争力。
图2展示了特征结构131在参考平面γ上的正投影为弧形的情况，进一步地可以是圆弧等，图2展示的特征结构131在参考平面γ上的正投影为半圆弧。图7展示了特征结构131在参考平面γ上的正投影为折线形的情况。当然，在本申请的其它实施例中，特征结构131在参考平面上的正投影可以是其它图形，并且各特征结构层13中所包含的至少两个特征结构131在参考平面上的正投影可以是弧形、折线形以及其它图形的任意组合，在此不做限定。
综上所述，本申请所提供的风轮，其叶片的吸力面设有至少两层特征结构层，每个特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个特征结构层的至少两个特征结构沿自叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布，该至少两层特征结构层沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，使得叶片的吸力面呈现非光滑的形式，因而能够改善叶片吸力面气流分离的情况。
并且，特征结构层所在位置处的叶片的厚度沿靠近叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，每个特征结构层的厚度差异设置，使得叶片的厚度得到减薄，能够减轻叶片的重量，有利于改善风轮的气动性能。
请参阅图8，图8是本申请风机一实施例的结构示意图。
在一实施例中，风机包括风轮10。其中，风轮10已在上述实施例中详细阐述，在此就不再赘述。进一步地，风机还包括驱动装置20，驱动装置20与风轮10传动连接，以通过驱动装置20驱动风轮10转动，进而产生风流。可选地，驱动装置20可以是电机等，在此不做限定。
本实施例的风机可以是轴流风机，关于轴流风机的概念以及工作原理属于本领域技术人员的理解范畴，在此就不再赘述。并且本实施例的风机可以应用于空调系统的室外机等，尤其是多联形式的空调室外机等，在此不做限定。
请参阅图9，图9是本申请风机与传统风机关于转速与风量关系的对比示意 图，其中I1表达了本申请的风机关于转速与风量的关系，I2表达了传统的风机关于转速与风量的关系。从图9中可以看出，当本申请的风机与传统的风机具有相同转速时，本申请的风机具有更大的风量。
请参阅图10，图10是本申请风机与传统风机关于风量与功率关系的对比示意图，其中I3表达了本申请的风机关于风量与功率的关系，I4表达了传统的风机关于风量与功率的关系。从图10中可以看出，当本实施例的风机与传统的风机具有相同风量时，本申请风机的功率较低，意味着本申请风机的功耗较低。
请参阅图11，图11是本申请风机与传统风机关于风量与噪声关系的对比示意图，其中I5表达了本申请的风机关于风量与噪声的关系，I6表达了传统的风机关于风量与噪声的关系。从图11中可以看出，当本实施例的风机与传统的风机具有相同风量时，本申请的风机具有更小的噪声。
此外，在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“层叠”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种风轮，其中，包括：
    轮毂；
    叶片，连接所述轮毂；
    至少两层特征结构层，设于所述叶片的吸力面，每个所述特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个所述特征结构层的所述至少两个特征结构沿自所述叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布；
    所述至少两层特征结构层沿靠近所述叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，其中所述特征结构层所在位置处的所述叶片的厚度沿靠近所述叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，并且每个所述特征结构层的厚度差异设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，所述特征结构层的厚度沿靠近所述叶片的后缘的方向逐层递减。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，相邻所述特征结构层的对应位置之间的距离为0.5mm至100mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，相邻所述特征结构层靠近所述叶根的端部之间的距离小于所述相邻特征结构层靠近所述外缘的端部之间的距离。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，相邻所述特征结构层靠近所述叶根的端部之间的距离为30mm，所述相邻特征结构层靠近所述外缘的端部之间的距离为50mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，在各所述特征结构层中，任意相邻的两个所述特征结构的对应位置之间的距离为5mm至80mm。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的风轮，其中，在各所述特征结构层中，任意相邻的两个所述特征结构的对应位置之间的距离为22mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，所述特征结构在参考平面上的正投影为弧形、曲线形以及折线形中的至少一种，其中所述参考平面垂直于所述轮毂的中心轴。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的风轮，其中，所述至少两层特征结构层在所述吸力面上靠近所述叶片的后缘设置。
  10. 一种风机，其中，所述风机包括风轮；
    所述风轮包括：
    轮毂；
    叶片，连接所述轮毂；
    至少两层特征结构层，设于所述叶片的吸力面，每个所述特征结构层分别包括至少两个特征结构，每个所述特征结构层的所述至少两个特征结构沿自所述叶片的叶根至外缘的方向依次分布；
    所述至少两层特征结构层沿靠近所述叶片的后缘的方向逐层分布，其中所述特征结构层所在位置处的所述叶片的厚度沿靠近所述叶片的后缘的方向逐层减小，并且每个所述特征结构层的厚度差异设置。
PCT/CN2021/117729 2020-12-10 2021-09-10 风轮以及风机 WO2022121412A1 (zh)

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US1846328A (en) * 1930-01-23 1932-02-23 Judson F Hampton Aircraft construction
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CN108167224A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-15 泛仕达机电股份有限公司 一种设置多层降噪结构的叶片及包括该叶片的风扇
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB192568A (en) * 1922-01-03 1923-02-08 Albert Eustace Short Improvements in the wings and other aerofoils for aircraft
US1846328A (en) * 1930-01-23 1932-02-23 Judson F Hampton Aircraft construction
CN2030655U (zh) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-11 北京航空学院 表面有花纹的叶轮机械叶片
US5133519A (en) * 1989-04-21 1992-07-28 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Drag reduction method and surface
CN108167224A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-15 泛仕达机电股份有限公司 一种设置多层降噪结构的叶片及包括该叶片的风扇
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CN115507058A (zh) * 2022-10-28 2022-12-23 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 轴流风轮、空调室外机以及空调器
CN115507058B (zh) * 2022-10-28 2024-04-02 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 轴流风轮、空调室外机以及空调器

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