WO2022118531A1 - ハニカム構造体、排気ガス浄化装置及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体、排気ガス浄化装置及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118531A1 WO2022118531A1 PCT/JP2021/036521 JP2021036521W WO2022118531A1 WO 2022118531 A1 WO2022118531 A1 WO 2022118531A1 JP 2021036521 W JP2021036521 W JP 2021036521W WO 2022118531 A1 WO2022118531 A1 WO 2022118531A1
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- honeycomb structure
- magnetic particles
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/08—Special characteristics of binders
- B01D2239/086—Binders between particles or fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1208—Porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1241—Particle diameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
- B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a honeycomb structure, an exhaust gas purifying device, and a method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure.
- the frequency of the alternating current used is increased, the depth of the skin (penetration) through which the eddy current flows is reduced, and the surface resistance of the conductor is increased.
- Methods for improving the characteristics are known.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a configuration in which a metal rod of a magnetic material is inserted into a cell of the honeycomb structure or a magnetic material is dispersed in the cell of the honeycomb structure. ing.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration in which a plurality of metal particles or small pieces of metal are partially filled in individual internal spaces of cells of a honeycomb structure.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a configuration in which a coat layer containing magnetic particles is provided on the surface of the partition wall of the honeycomb structure.
- the frequency of the current used is increased, the depth of the skin through which the eddy current flows is reduced, and the conductor placed in the honeycomb structure is reduced.
- the heating characteristics generally deteriorate as the skin depth decreases.
- the present inventor solves such a problem by increasing the size and thickness of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the conductor portion arranged in the honeycomb structure by induction heating, so that the eddy current flows through the epidermis. It has been found that the heating characteristics are improved by a good eddy current in a state where the depth is reduced and the surface resistance of the conductor arranged in the honeycomb structure is increased.
- the present inventor has made magnetic particles in the honeycomb structure in order to increase the size of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the conductor portion arranged in the honeycomb structure by induction heating. It was found that it is effective to control the ratio of the number of secondary particles of the magnetic particles.
- An object of the present invention which has been completed based on the above findings, is to provide a honeycomb structure having good heating characteristics by induction heating, an exhaust gas purifying device, and a method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure.
- the present invention is specified as follows. (1) It is provided with an outer peripheral wall, a partition wall disposed inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning a plurality of cells extending from one end face to the other end face to form a flow path, and magnetic particles. It ’s a honeycomb structure, The magnetic particles include secondary particles to which primary particles are bonded. In the cross-sectional image of the honeycomb structure, the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles to the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles is 40 to 100%. A honeycomb structure having a particle size D50 of 5 to 100 ⁇ m, which corresponds to an integration frequency of 50% of the primary particles.
- honeycomb structure (1) and The coil provided on the outer circumference of the honeycomb structure and A tubular member for holding the honeycomb structure and Exhaust gas purification device with.
- a honeycomb base material having an outer peripheral wall and a partition wall arranged inside the outer peripheral wall and partitioning a plurality of cells extending from one end face to the other end face to form a flow path is prepared.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a honeycomb structure having good heating characteristics by induction heating, an exhaust gas purifying device, and a method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure.
- (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the stretching direction of the cells of the honeycomb structure 10 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the stretching direction of the cells of the honeycomb structure 10 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the stretching direction of the cells of the honeycomb structure 20 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the stretching direction of the cells of the honeycomb structure 20 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the stretching direction of the cells of the honeycomb structure 30 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the gas flow direction of the exhaust gas purifying device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the result of the induction heating test which concerns on Example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the stretching direction of the cell 11 of the honeycomb structure 10 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the honeycomb structure 10 parallel to the stretching direction of the cell 11 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the honeycomb structure 10 includes an outer peripheral wall 12, a partition wall 13 which is disposed inside the outer peripheral wall 12 and which partitions and forms a plurality of cells 11 extending from one end face to the other end face to form a flow path, and a magnetic material. With particles.
- the material of the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 is not particularly limited, but is usually formed of a ceramic material.
- a ceramic material for example, cordierite, silicon carbide, aluminum titanate, silicon nitride, mullite, alumina, silicon-silicon carbide composite material, silicon carbide-corgerite composite material, especially silicon-silicon carbide composite or silicon carbide as the main component.
- silicon carbide-based means that the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 contain silicon carbide in an amount of 50% by mass or more of the entire partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10. Means.
- the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 are mainly composed of the silicon-silicon carbide composite material.
- the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 contain the silicon-silicon carbide composite material (total mass). It means that the honeycomb structure 10 contains 90% by mass or more of the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 as a whole.
- the silicon-silicon carbide composite material contains silicon carbide particles as an aggregate and silicon as a binder for binding the silicon carbide particles, and a plurality of silicon carbide particles are formed between the silicon carbide particles. It is preferably bonded by silicon so as to form pores.
- the reason why the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 contain silicon carbide as a main component means that the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 contain silicon carbide (total mass) and the partition wall of the honeycomb structure 10. 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 are contained in an amount of 90% by mass or more.
- the partition wall 13 and the outer peripheral wall 12 of the honeycomb structure 10 are formed of at least one ceramic material selected from the group consisting of cordierite, silicon carbide, aluminum titanate, silicon nitride, mullite, and alumina. ..
- the cell shape of the honeycomb structure 10 is not particularly limited, but the cross section orthogonal to the central axis of the honeycomb structure 10 is a polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a circle, or an ellipse. Is preferable, and other irregular shapes may be used. It is preferably a polygon.
- the thickness of the partition wall 13 of the honeycomb structure 10 is preferably 0.05 to 0.50 mm, and more preferably 0.10 to 0.45 mm in terms of ease of manufacture. For example, when it is 0.05 mm or more, the strength of the honeycomb structure 10 is further improved, and when it is 0.50 mm or less, the pressure loss can be reduced.
- the thickness of the partition wall 13 is an average value measured by a method of observing a cross section in the central axial direction with a microscope.
- the porosity of the partition wall 13 is preferably 20 to 70%.
- the porosity of the partition wall 13 is preferably 20% or more, preferably 70% or less, in terms of ease of manufacture, and the strength of the honeycomb structure 10 can be maintained.
- the average pore diameter of the partition wall 13 is preferably 2 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 25 ⁇ m.
- the average pore diameter of the partition wall 13 is 2 ⁇ m or more, the production becomes easy, and when it is 30 ⁇ m or less, the strength of the honeycomb structure 10 can be maintained.
- the terms "average pore diameter” and “porosity” mean the average pore diameter and porosity measured by the mercury intrusion method.
- the cell density of the honeycomb structure 10 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 to 150 cells / cm 2 , more preferably in the range of 5 to 100 cells / cm 2 , and 31 to 80 cells. More preferably, it is in the range of / cm 2 .
- the outer shape of the honeycomb structure 10 is not particularly limited, but the end face is a circular columnar (cylindrical shape), the end face is an oval-shaped columnar shape, and the end face is a polygon (quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, etc.). It can have a columnar shape or the like.
- the clay containing the ceramic raw material is formed into a honeycomb shape having a partition wall extending from one end face to the other end face to partition and form a plurality of cells serving as a flow path for the fluid.
- a honeycomb molded body is formed, and the honeycomb molded body is produced by baking after drying.
- the outer peripheral wall may be extruded integrally with the honeycomb structure and used as it is as the outer peripheral wall, or may be molded or fired. Later, the outer periphery of the honeycomb structure may be ground into a predetermined shape, and a coating material may be applied to the honeycomb structure obtained by grinding the outer periphery to form an outer peripheral coating.
- a honeycomb structure having an outer periphery is used without grinding the outermost periphery of the honeycomb structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the honeycomb structure having the outer periphery (that is, the outer periphery of the honeycomb structure).
- the coating material may be further applied to the outer surface of the outer peripheral coating to form an outer peripheral coating. That is, in the former case, on the outer peripheral surface of the honeycomb structure, only the outer peripheral coating made of the coating material is the outer peripheral wall located on the outermost circumference.
- an outer peripheral wall having a two-layer structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the honeycomb structure, which is further laminated with an outer peripheral coating made of a coating material and is located at the outermost periphery.
- the outer peripheral wall may be extruded integrally with the honeycomb structure portion and fired as it is, and used as the outer peripheral wall without processing the outer periphery.
- the honeycomb structure 10 is not limited to an integrated honeycomb structure in which the partition wall 13 is integrally formed.
- a plurality of cells having a partition wall made of ceramics and having the partition wall as a flow path for fluid.
- the columnar honeycomb segments in which the sections are formed may be a honeycomb structure (bonded honeycomb structure) having a structure in which a plurality of columnar honeycomb segments are combined via a bonding material layer.
- the magnetic particles constitute a structure composed of a coat layer 15 containing the magnetic particles.
- the coat layer 15 is provided on the partition wall 13 of the honeycomb structure 10.
- the coat layer 15 may contain a fixing material in which magnetic particles are dispersed.
- the fixing material glass containing silicic acid, boric acid, or borosilicate, crystallized glass, ceramics, or glass containing silicic acid, crystallized glass, ceramics, or the like can be used.
- As the glass it is preferable to use a high melting point glass having a melting point of 900 to 1100 ° C. By using the melting point glass, the heat resistance of the coat layer 15 is improved.
- the coat layer 15 may be a layer containing a fixing material in which magnetic particles are dispersed, and is a layer in which magnetic particles are directly dispersed and supported on the partition wall 13 of the honeycomb structure 10. May be.
- the thickness of the coat layer 15 is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the coat layer 15 is 10 ⁇ m or more, more magnetic particles can be contained, and the heat generation efficiency due to induction heating is enhanced. When the thickness of the coat layer 15 is 100 ⁇ m or less, the pressure loss can be reduced.
- the cells 11 in which the coat layer 15 containing the magnetic particles is provided on the partition wall 13 may be arranged every other cell to form a staggered shape with respect to the cells vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, and have two cells and three cells. It may be arranged every plurality of cells such as. Further, a coat layer 15 containing magnetic particles may be provided on the partition walls 13 of all cells.
- the number or arrangement of cells in which the coat layer 15 containing the magnetic particles is provided on the partition wall 13 is not limited, and can be appropriately designed as needed. From the viewpoint of enhancing the effect of heating, it is better to increase the number of cells in which the coat layer 15 containing the magnetic particles is provided on the partition wall 13, but from the viewpoint of reducing the pressure loss, it is better to reduce it as much as possible.
- the coat layer 15 containing magnetic particles provided on the partition wall 13 may be provided all over from one end face to the other end face of the honeycomb structure 10. Further, it may be provided from one end surface of the honeycomb structure 10 to the middle of the cell 11.
- the magnetic particles may form a structure composed of a sealing portion 25 containing the magnetic particles.
- the sealing portion 25 may be provided in the cell 11 on one end face of the honeycomb structure 20, or in the cell 11 on one end face and the other end face.
- the sealing portion 25 When the sealing portion 25 is provided in the cell 11 on one end surface and the other end surface, the cell provided with the sealing portion 25 on one end surface and the sealing portion 25 on the other end surface are provided.
- the cells may be alternately arranged adjacent to each other with the partition wall 13 interposed therebetween, and both end faces may form a checkered pattern.
- Such a honeycomb structure 20 can be used as a filter (honeycomb filter) for purifying exhaust gas.
- the number and arrangement of cells provided with the sealing portion 25 on one end face and the other end face are not limited, and can be appropriately designed as needed.
- the same material as the material constituting the partition wall 13 or another material known as the material of the sealing portion 25 containing magnetic particles can be used.
- the magnetic particles may constitute a structure made of a filler 35 containing the magnetic particles to be filled in the cell 11 of the honeycomb structure 30. good.
- the cells 11 filled with the filler 35 may be arranged every other cell to form a staggered shape with respect to cells vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, or may be arranged every other plurality of cells such as two cells and three cells. It may be arranged continuously.
- the number or arrangement of cells filled with the filler 35 of the magnetic particles is not limited, and can be appropriately designed as needed. From the viewpoint of enhancing the effect of heating, it is better to increase the number of cells filled with the filler 35 of the magnetic particles, but from the viewpoint of reducing the pressure loss, it is better to reduce it as much as possible.
- the filler 35 may be composed of a composition in which magnetic particles and a binder or an adhesive material are composited.
- the binder include a material containing metal or glass as a main component.
- the adhesive material include materials containing silica or alumina as a main component.
- organic or inorganic substances may be further contained.
- the filler 35 may be filled from one end face of the honeycomb structure 30 to the other end face. Further, the honeycomb structure 30 may be filled from one end face to the middle of the cell 11.
- the magnetic particles may form a structure composed of an annular conductive loop 45 containing the magnetic particles.
- a groove 44 may be provided on one end face of the honeycomb structure 40 and one or both of the other end faces, and an annular conductive loop 45 may be embedded in the groove 44.
- the shape of the conductive loop 45 is annular, it becomes easy for a current to flow so as to go around the conductive loop 45 by induction heating, and an eddy current is likely to be generated. Due to the effect of reducing the resistivity in the conductive loop, the loss due to the eddy current loss becomes larger, and the honeycomb structure 40 having a good heating rate even at a low frequency can be obtained.
- the groove 44 is formed over a plurality of cells 11 of the honeycomb structure 40. As described above, the groove 44 is for embedding the conductive loop 45. Therefore, the depth of the groove 44 may be greater than or equal to the thickness of the conductive loop 45. Similarly, the shape, number, size, etc. of the groove 44 may be formed so as to embed the conductive loop 45, and may be formed according to the shape, number, size, etc. of the conductive loop 45. Just do it.
- the thickness of the conductive loop 45 is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm. If the thickness of the conductive loop 45 is 0.1 mm or more, a larger eddy current can be generated. When the thickness of the conductive loop 45 is 5 mm or less, the area of the portion that obstructs the gas flow can be reduced, so that the pressure loss can be further reduced.
- the thickness of the conductive loop 45 is more preferably 0.5 to 4 mm, and even more preferably 1 to 3 mm.
- the conductive loop 45 shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) is formed in a substantially regular quadrangular ring centered on the center of the end face of the honeycomb structure 40.
- the size of the conductive loop 45 when viewed from the end face side of the honeycomb structure 40 is not particularly limited, and depends on the size of the end face of the honeycomb structure 40.
- the width of the conductive loop 45 is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm. If the width of the conductive loop 45 is 0.1 mm or more, a larger eddy current can be generated. When the width of the conductive loop 45 is 5 mm or less, the pressure loss can be further reduced.
- the width of the conductive loop 45 is more preferably 0.5 to 4 mm, and even more preferably 1 to 3 mm.
- the conductive loop 45 is not limited to a quadrangular ring shape, but may be formed into a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangle shape, or a rectangular ring shape of a pentagon or more.
- the conductive loop 45 may be a layer formed by containing magnetic particles in a joining material.
- a joining material for example, ceramics, glass, or a composite material of ceramics and glass can be used.
- the composite material constituting the bonding material for example, a material containing 50% by volume or more of glass, more preferably 60% by volume or more, still more preferably 70% by volume or more can be used.
- the ceramics constituting the bonding material include SiO 2 series, Al 2 O 3 series, SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 series, SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO series, SiO 2 -ZrO 2 series, and SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 series and other ceramics can be mentioned.
- the glass constituting the bonding material includes, for example, lead-free B 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 series, B 2 O 3 -ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 series, B 2 O 3 -ZnO series, and V 2 O 5 -P 2 O 5 series, SnO-P 2 O 5 series, SnO-ZnO-P 2 O 5 series, SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 series, SiO 2 -Bi 2 O 3 -Na 2 O-based glass can be mentioned.
- the magnetic particles of the honeycomb structure are composed of a structure made of a coat layer 15, a structure made of a sealing portion 25, and a structure made of a filler 35 filled in cells of the honeycomb structure.
- the example of forming the structure composed of the annular conductive loop 45 and the annular conductive loop 45 has been described, but the structure is not limited to these, and the magnetic particles may form any form of the structure in the honeycomb structure.
- the honeycomb structure has a particle shape as a heating target (magnetic particles), it is possible to suppress the influence on the durability due to the difference in thermal expansion between the metal and ceramic honeycomb structures, and it is flexible to the place to be heated. It becomes possible to carry.
- the magnetic particles include secondary particles to which primary particles are bonded, and in the cross-sectional image of the honeycomb structure, the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles to the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles is 40 to 100. %.
- the number of primary particles forming secondary particles is n1 and the number of primary particles not forming secondary particles is n2, the "total number of primary particles of magnetic particles" is n1 + n2. be.
- the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles to the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles is 40% or more, eddy currents generated in the magnetic particles provided in the honeycomb structure by induction heating are formed. The size of the loop becomes large, and the induction heating characteristics become good.
- the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90% or less, and more preferably 85% or less.
- the number of primary particles forming secondary particles and the number of primary particles not forming secondary particles are determined by known image analysis of cross-sectional images observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or micro X-ray CT. It can be measured by analyzing with software or the like. For example, using a scanning electron microscope, a cross-sectional image containing magnetic particles of a honeycomb structure is acquired, and the above n1 and n2 are calculated in the range of 1700 ⁇ m ⁇ 1400 ⁇ m, and the primary particles forming the secondary particles are formed. Find the number ratio of.
- the same measurement is performed at at least three places, and the average is taken as the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles of the present invention.
- the target range of image analysis may be appropriately changed depending on the size of the primary particles.
- the primary particles forming the secondary particles mean the primary particles forming the neck portion.
- the magnetic particles have a particle size D50 of 5 to 100 ⁇ m, which corresponds to an integration frequency of 50% of the primary particles.
- the particle size D50 corresponding to the cumulative frequency of 50% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 5 ⁇ m or more, the particle size with respect to the skin depth is sufficiently large, so that the resistance becomes large and a sufficient heating effect can be obtained.
- the particle size D50 corresponding to the cumulative frequency of 50% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 100 ⁇ m or less, the particles are easily sintered with each other when the heat treatment is performed at 1000 to 1500 ° C., and the particles are bonded to each other. However, the path through which the eddy current flows becomes large. Therefore, the resistance becomes large and a sufficient heating effect can be obtained.
- the particle size D50 corresponding to the cumulative frequency of 50% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is preferably 10 to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
- the particle diameter D50 corresponding to the cumulative frequency of 50% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles can be measured by analyzing the cross-sectional image observed by SEM or micro X-ray CT with a known image analysis software or the like. For example, by acquiring a cross-sectional image containing magnetic particles of a honeycomb structure using a scanning electron microscope and determining the particle size of the primary particles in the range of 1700 ⁇ m ⁇ 1400 ⁇ m, the integration frequency of the primary particles corresponds to 50% by number.
- the particle size D50 is calculated. Similar measurements are made at at least 3 locations and averaged to give the particle size D50 of the present invention.
- the target range of image analysis may be appropriately changed depending on the size of the primary particles.
- the honeycomb structure controls the number ratio of the primary particles forming the secondary particles to 40 to 100% in the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles.
- the path of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the honeycomb structure by induced heating is lengthened.
- the particle diameter D50 corresponding to the integration frequency of 50% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 5 to 100 ⁇ m, the path of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the honeycomb structure by induction heating is thickened. ing.
- the loop path formed by the eddy current generated in the honeycomb structure by induction heating becomes long and thick, the depth of the skin through which the eddy current flows is reduced and the surface resistance of the honeycomb structure is increased. In the state, good eddy currents can improve the heating characteristics.
- the particle size D10 corresponding to the integration frequency of 10% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 2 ⁇ m or more.
- the particle diameter D10 corresponding to the integration frequency of 10% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 2 ⁇ m or more, the effect of forming the secondary particles of the magnetic particles is increased.
- the particle size D10 corresponding to the integration frequency of 10% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is more preferably 2 to 6 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 4 to 6 ⁇ m.
- the particle size D90 corresponding to the integration frequency of 90% of the primary particles of the magnetic particles is 120 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle size D90 corresponding to the integration frequency of 90% by the number of primary particles of the magnetic particles is more preferably 20 to 120 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the particle size D10 corresponding to the integration frequency of 10% by the number of primary particles of the magnetic particles and the particle size D90 corresponding to the integration frequency of 90% by number are known as cross-sectional images observed by SEM or micro X-ray CT, respectively.
- the integration frequency of the primary particles corresponds to 10% by number.
- the particle size D90 corresponding to the particle size D10 and the integration frequency 90 number% of the primary particles is calculated. Similar measurements are made at at least three locations and averaged to give the particle size D10 and the particle size D90 of the present invention.
- the target range of image analysis may be appropriately changed depending on the size of the primary particles.
- the ratio of the average neck diameter Dn ( ⁇ m) of the secondary particles of the magnetic particles to the particle diameter D50 ( ⁇ m) corresponding to the integration frequency of 50% of the primary particles: Dn / D50 is 0.2 to 0.8. It is preferable to have it.
- the average neck diameter Dn of the secondary particles of the magnetic particles is when the primary particles and the primary particles are bonded by sintering to form a neck portion (recessed portion).
- the length of the neck is taken as the neck diameter, and is a numerical value obtained by averaging the neck diameters of a plurality of secondary particles.
- the average neck diameter Dn of the secondary particles can be measured by analyzing the cross-sectional image observed by SEM or micro X-ray CT with a known image analysis software or the like. For example, a cross-sectional image containing magnetic particles of the honeycomb structure is obtained using a scanning electron microscope, the neck diameter Dn of the secondary particles in the range of 1700 ⁇ m ⁇ 1400 ⁇ m is obtained, and the neck diameter Dn is averaged to obtain the average of the present invention.
- the neck diameter is Dn.
- the neck diameter is measured as a distance between two points by visually identifying the neck portion from the cross-sectional image and from end to end of the neck portion of the neck portion.
- the target range of image analysis may be appropriately changed depending on the size of the primary particles.
- the skin depth ⁇ of the honeycomb structure is a value determined by the electrical resistivity, magnetic permeability, and frequency of the conductor.
- the larger the particle size D of the magnetic particles the more effectively the path through which the eddy current flows is secured, and the path of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the honeycomb structure by induction heating due to the connection between the magnetic particles. Becomes thicker and larger, and the heating characteristics become better.
- the skin depth ⁇ of the honeycomb structure is too larger than the particle size D of the magnetic particles, the path of the loop formed by the eddy current generated in the honeycomb structure by induction heating becomes narrow and the heating characteristics become poor. ..
- the ratio of the average neck diameter Dn ( ⁇ m) of the secondary particles of the magnetic particles to the particle diameter D50 ( ⁇ m) corresponding to the integration frequency of 50% of the primary particles: Dn / D50 is 0.2 to 0.8.
- the porosity of the structure of the magnetic particles is preferably 10 to 70%.
- the pore ratio of the structure of the magnetic particles is 10% or more, the young ratio of the structure decreases and the thermal stress when heated becomes small, so that the generation of cracks in the structure of the magnetic particles is suppressed. can do.
- the porosity of the structure of the magnetic particles is 70% or less, the bonds between the magnetic particles are good, the resistance is large, sufficient heating is obtained, and the strength is also improved. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of cracks in the structure of the magnetic particles due to the thermal stress when heated.
- the porosity of the structure of the magnetic particles is more preferably 30 to 60%, and even more preferably 35 to 50%.
- the porosity of the structure of the magnetic particles can be measured by the mercury intrusion method. Since it is difficult to measure the porosity when the structure of the magnetic particles is a coat layer by the mercury intrusion method from the viewpoint of sample cutting, for example, in image analysis of imaging by SEM or micro X-ray CT. It is possible to measure.
- the magnetic particles are preferably magnetic particles that are induced and heated by a current having a frequency of 10 to 1000 kHz.
- a current having a frequency of 10 to 1000 kHz With such a high frequency current, the heating characteristics can be improved by reducing the skin (penetration) depth through which the eddy current of the honeycomb structure flows and increasing the surface resistance.
- the frequency of the current in which the magnetic particles are induced and heated is 10 kHz or more, even if the magnetic material is in the form of a powder having a small resistance, it can be sufficiently heated.
- the frequency of the current in which the magnetic particles are induced and heated is 1000 kHz or less, it is possible to suppress an increase in the capacitor load for obtaining reactance and resonance in the coil.
- the frequency of the current in which the magnetic particles are induced and heated is more preferably 100 to 600 kHz, and even more preferably 100 to 500 kHz.
- Magnetic particles are magnetic materials and are magnetized by a magnetic field, and the state of magnetization changes depending on the strength of the magnetic field. This is represented by the "magnetization curve".
- the magnetization curve has a case where the magnetic field H is scaled on the horizontal axis and the magnetic flux density B is scaled on the vertical axis (BH curve).
- the state in which no magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material is called the degaussing state and is represented by the origin O.
- the magnetic flux density increases from the origin O and a saturated curve is drawn.
- This curve is the "initial magnetization curve”.
- the slope of the straight line connecting the point on the initial magnetization curve and the origin is the "permeability".
- Permeability is a measure of the ease of magnetization of a magnetic material in the sense that a magnetic field penetrates.
- the magnetic permeability near the origin where the magnetic field is small is the “initial magnetic permeability”
- the maximum magnetic permeability on the initial magnetization curve is the “maximum magnetic permeability”.
- the magnetic particles preferably have a maximum magnetic permeability of 500 or more. According to such a configuration, when the honeycomb structure is dielectrically heated, the temperature can be raised in a short time to the temperature at which the catalyst is activated (about 300 ° C.).
- the magnetic particles preferably have a Curie point of 450 ° C. or higher.
- the Curie point of a magnetic particle refers to the temperature at which the ferromagnetic property is lost.
- the magnetic particles preferably have an intrinsic resistance value of 20 ⁇ cm or more at 25 ° C.
- the magnetic particles preferably have a coercive force of 40 A / m or more. According to such a configuration, the temperature can be raised in a short time to the temperature at which the catalyst is activated (about 300 ° C.).
- Examples of the types of magnetic particles include the balance Co-20 mass% Fe, the balance Co-25 mass% Ni-4 mass% Fe, the balance Fe-15 to 35 mass% Co, and the balance Fe-17 mass% Co-2.
- Mass% Cr-1 mass% Mo balance Fe-49 mass% Co-2 mass% V, balance Fe-18 mass% Co-10 mass% Cr-2 mass% Mo-1 mass% Al, balance Fe-27 mass % Co-1 mass% Nb, balance Fe-20 mass% Co-1 mass% Cr-2 mass% V, balance Fe-35 mass% Co-1 mass% Cr, pure cobalt, pure iron, electromagnetic soft iron, balance Fe -0.1 to 0.5% by mass Mn, balance Fe-3% by mass Si, balance Fe-6.5% by mass Si, balance Fe-18% by mass Cr, balance Fe-16% by mass Cr-8% by mass Al , Remaining Ni-13 mass% Fe-5.3 mass% Mo, Remaining Fe-45 mass% Ni, Remaining Fe-10 mass% Si-5 Mass% Al, Remaining Fe-36 mass% Ni, Remaining Fe-45 mass % Ni, balance Fe-
- a honeycomb structure having a ceramic partition wall and an outer peripheral wall and having a plurality of cells partitioned by the partition wall is produced.
- a cordierite-forming raw material is prepared as a material for clay.
- the raw material for making cordierite is blended with a silica source component, a magnesia source component, an alumina source component, and the like.
- quartz and fused silica are preferably used as the silica source component, and the particle size of the silica source component is preferably 100 to 150 ⁇ m.
- magnesia source component examples include talc, magnesite and the like. Of these, talc is preferred. It is preferable that talc is contained in 37 to 43% by mass in the raw material for corgerite formation.
- the particle size (average particle size) of talc is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the magnesia (MgO) source component may contain Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O and the like as impurities.
- alumina source component those containing at least one of aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide are preferable in that there are few impurities.
- aluminum hydroxide is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 30% by mass, and aluminum oxide is preferably contained in an amount of 0 to 20% by mass in the corgerite-forming raw material.
- a material (additive) for clay to be added to the cordierite raw material At least a binder and a pore-forming agent are used as additives. In addition to the binder and the pore-forming agent, a dispersant or a surfactant can be used.
- a substance that can be oxidized and removed by reacting with oxygen at a temperature equal to or lower than the firing temperature of cordierite, or a low melting point reactant having a melting point at a temperature equal to or lower than the firing temperature of corderite can be used.
- the substance that can be oxidatively removed include resins (particularly particulate resin) and graphite (particularly particulate graphite).
- the low melting point reactant at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, zinc, lead, aluminum, and nickel, and alloys containing these metals as main components (for example, carbon steel in the case of iron). , Cast iron, stainless steel), or alloys containing two or more kinds of main components can be used.
- the low melting point reactant is preferably a powdery granular or fibrous iron alloy. Further, the particle size or the fiber diameter (average diameter) is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m. Examples of the shape of the low melting point reactant include a spherical shape, a lozenge shape, a konpeito shape, and the like, and these shapes are preferable because the shape of the pores can be easily controlled.
- binder examples include hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and the like.
- dispersant for example, dextrin, polyalcohol and the like can be mentioned.
- surfactant for example, fatty acid soap can be mentioned.
- the additive may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the prepared clay is molded into a honeycomb shape by an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, a press molding method, etc. to obtain a raw honeycomb molded body. Since continuous molding is easy and, for example, cordierite crystals can be oriented, it is preferable to adopt an extrusion molding method.
- the extrusion molding method can be performed by using an apparatus such as a vacuum clay kneader, a ram type extrusion molding machine, and a twin-screw type continuous extrusion molding machine.
- the honeycomb molded body is dried and adjusted to a predetermined size to obtain a honeycomb dried body.
- the honeycomb molded body can be dried by hot air drying, microwave drying, dielectric drying, vacuum drying, vacuum drying, freeze drying and the like. Since the whole can be dried quickly and uniformly, it is preferable to perform drying by combining hot air drying and microwave drying or dielectric drying.
- the dried honeycomb body is fired to obtain a fired honeycomb body.
- the firing conditions can be usually set to 3 to 15 hours at a temperature of 1410 to 1440 ° C. under an atmospheric atmosphere.
- magnetic particles are provided on the honeycomb fired body. It should be noted that a method may be used in which magnetic particles are provided on the dried honeycomb body, and then the dried honeycomb structure provided with the magnetic particles is fired to obtain a honeycomb structure. Here, the manufacturing process will be described for each of the morphologies of the structures of various magnetic particles.
- a slurry for forming a coat layer is prepared from a material in which magnetic particles and a fixing material composed of glass or the like are mixed. Specifically, for example, magnetic particles and glass powder are blended, and a binder, a dispersant, and water are blended therein to prepare a slurry for forming a coat layer.
- the blending ratio of the magnetic particles and the glass powder is 1: 1 or more and 20: 1 or less on a volume basis.
- the cell on the upstream end face of the honeycomb fired body is masked, and the end face is immersed in a storage container in which the slurry for forming a coat layer is stored to coat the unmasked cell. Apply the layer-forming slurry.
- the slurry for forming the coat layer is applied from one end face of the honeycomb fired body to the entire inside of the cell or the inside of the cell in a region having a predetermined length.
- the cell may be coated with the slurry for forming the coat layer without masking the end face on the upstream side.
- a method for filling the slurry into the cell it is a simple method to push the paste-like material with a spatula such as a squeegee. It is easy to control the depth by the number of times the squeegee is pushed. Alternatively, a method of vacuum-sucking the slurry from the other end face side and coating the inside of the cell is also conceivable.
- the honeycomb substrate provided with the slurry containing the magnetic particles is degreased by heat treatment in an air or nitrogen atmosphere at 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours, and after degreasing, 0.5 to 0.5 to 1400 ° C.
- a honeycomb structure in which a coat layer containing magnetic particles is provided on the partition wall of the cell is produced.
- degreasing is performed by heat treatment at 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours to remove carbon in the slurry.
- heat treatment is performed at 900 to 1400 ° C. for 0.5 to 10 hours under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere.
- a method for controlling the number ratio of the number of secondary particles to the total number of magnetic particles of the magnetic particles to 40 to 100% for example, a method of performing the above heat treatment after the above degreasing step can be mentioned.
- the magnetic particles form a structure composed of a sealing portion, and the sealing portion is provided in a cell on one end surface of the honeycomb structure.
- the material for the sealing portion slurry for sealing
- the same material for clay as the partition wall honeycomb fired body
- a different material may be used. Specifically, it is obtained by mixing a ceramic raw material, a surfactant, and water, adding a sintering aid, a pore-forming agent, etc. as necessary to form a slurry, and kneading the mixture using a mixer or the like. be able to.
- a mask is applied to a part of the cell opening on one end face of the honeycomb fired body, and the end face is immersed in a storage container in which the sealing slurry is stored, and the cells without the mask are looked at. Fill with the sealing slurry.
- a method of sealing it is a simple method to push the paste-like material with a spatula such as a squeegee. It is easy to control the depth by the number of times the squeegee is pushed.
- the honeycomb substrate provided with the slurry containing the magnetic particles is degreased by heat treatment at 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air or nitrogen atmosphere, and after degreasing, 0.5 at 900 to 1400 ° C.
- a honeycomb structure having a sealing portion containing magnetic particles in a cell on one end face is produced.
- the magnetic particles constitute a structure made of a filler in which the cells of the honeycomb structure are filled.
- magnetic particles, a slurry containing magnetic particles, or a slurry containing an adhesive material containing silica or alumina as a main component and magnetic particles is poured into a cell of a honeycomb fired body.
- the magnetic particles, the slurry containing the magnetic particles, or the slurry containing the adhesive material containing silica or alumina as the main component and the magnetic particles are of the entire or a predetermined length from one end face of the honeycomb fired body. Paint inside the cell in the area.
- the slurry is made into a slurry by mixing ceramics, glass, or a composite material of ceramics and glass, a surfactant, and water, and adding a sintering aid, a pore-forming agent, etc. as necessary, and using a mixer or the like. Can be obtained by kneading using.
- an adhesive material containing silica or alumina as a main component it is preferable that the adhesive material can be solidified by heating and drying during production. Examples of the adhesive material that can be solidified by heat drying include a colloidal dispersion of silica or alumina, and a colloidal dispersion containing silica and alumina may be used. Further, since the maximum temperature in the usage environment reaches about 700 ° C., it is more preferable to use silica or alumina having a heat resistant temperature equal to or higher than this temperature.
- the honeycomb substrate provided with the slurry containing the magnetic particles is degreased by heat treatment at 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air or nitrogen atmosphere, and after degreasing, 0.5 at 900 to 1400 ° C.
- heat treatment in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere for about 10 hours, a honeycomb structure in which the cell is filled with the filler containing the magnetic particles is produced.
- the magnetic particles form a structure composed of an annular conductive loop
- a groove is provided on one end surface of the honeycomb structure, and the annular conductive loop is embedded in the groove.
- one end face of the honeycomb fired body is cut off by a predetermined depth to form a groove portion.
- a raw honeycomb molded body having a groove formed therein is prepared and dried to prepare a dried honeycomb body.
- the slurry containing the magnetic particles is poured into the groove portion.
- the slurry is made into a slurry by mixing ceramics, glass, or a composite material of ceramics and glass, a surfactant, and water, and adding a sintering aid, a pore-forming agent, etc.
- a slurry containing a bonding material and magnetic particles is applied to a honeycomb that has been segmented in advance so as to form an annular conductive loop, and the segments are joined and integrated. In the process, it is possible to obtain a similar honeycomb structure.
- the honeycomb substrate provided with the slurry containing the magnetic particles is degreased by heat treatment at 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air or nitrogen atmosphere, and after degreasing, 0.5 at 900 to 1400 ° C.
- heat treatment in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere for about 10 hours, a honeycomb structure in which an annular conductive loop containing magnetic particles is embedded in the groove is produced.
- the exhaust gas purification device 50 can be configured by using the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. As shown in FIG. 6, the exhaust gas purifying device 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a honeycomb structure 10 and a coil 51 provided on the outer periphery of the honeycomb structure 10. Further, the exhaust gas purifying device 50 has a tubular member 52 for holding the honeycomb structure 10. The tubular member 52 can be made of a metal tube or the like, and the honeycomb structure 10 can be arranged on the diameter-expanded portion 53.
- the coil 51 may be fixed in the tubular member 52 by the fixing member 54.
- the fixing member 54 is preferably a heat-resistant member such as a ceramic fiber.
- the honeycomb structure 10 may carry a catalyst.
- the catalyst consists of an oxidation catalyst, a three-way catalyst, a NO x storage reduction catalyst, a NO x selective reduction catalyst (SCR catalyst), a hydrocarbon adsorption catalyst, a hydrocarbon, a carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst, and an ammonia slip (oxidation) catalyst. At least one selected from the group can be used.
- the coil 51 is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the honeycomb structure 10. It is also assumed that two or more coils 51 are used. An alternating current supplied from the alternating current power supply CS flows through the coil 51 in response to the on (ON) of the switch SW, and as a result, a magnetic field that changes periodically is generated around the coil 51.
- the on / off of the switch SW is controlled by the control unit 55.
- the control unit 55 can turn on the switch SW in synchronization with the start of the engine and allow an alternating current to flow through the coil 51. It should be noted that a mode in which the control unit 55 turns on the switch SW regardless of the start of the engine (for example, in response to the operation of the heating switch pressed by the driver) is also assumed.
- the temperature of the honeycomb structure 10 rises according to the change of the magnetic field according to the alternating current flowing through the coil 51. As a result, carbon fine particles and the like collected by the honeycomb structure 10 are burned. Further, when the honeycomb structure 10 carries a catalyst, raising the temperature of the honeycomb structure 10 raises the temperature of the supported catalyst and promotes the catalytic reaction. In short, carbon monoxide (CO), oxide oxide (NO x ), and hydrocarbon (CH) are oxidized or reduced to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), and water (H 2 O). To.
- CO carbon monoxide
- NO x oxide oxide
- CH hydrocarbon
- Example 1 1.5 g of magnetic powder having an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m and a glass frit having an average particle size of 2 ⁇ m having a composition of the balance Fe-18 mass% Cr are mixed at a mass ratio of 9: 1, and further for adjusting the viscosity of the slurry.
- a rheology-imparting agent, carboxymethyl cellulose, and water were mixed to prepare a slurry, which was stored in a storage container.
- a cylindrical cordierite honeycomb fired body having a diameter of 25 mm, a length of 25 mm, a partition wall thickness of 0.1 mm, and a distance between partition walls of about 1 mm was prepared.
- a part of the cell opening on one end face of the honeycomb fired body is masked, and the end face is immersed in a storage container in which a slurry (slurry for sealing) is stored, and the mask is not applied.
- the cell was filled with slurry.
- the honeycomb fired body filled with the slurry was degreased in a nitrogen atmosphere at 500 ° C. for 5 hours, and then heat-treated at 1100 ° C. for 5 hours in a vacuum atmosphere.
- FIG. 2B a honeycomb structure having a structure composed of a sealing portion containing magnetic particles was produced.
- the pore ratio of the structure including the sealing portion containing the magnetic particles of the obtained honeycomb structure was 45% as measured by the method of image analysis of imaging by SEM.
- FIG. 7 shows a graph showing the relationship between time (seconds) and temperature (° C.) related to the induction heating test of Example 1.
- the honeycomb structure used in this measurement was subjected to SEM observation and imaged at a magnification of 70 times.
- Image analysis was performed using three photographs with a field of view of 1700 ⁇ m ⁇ 1400 ⁇ m.
- D50 obtained by image analysis was 10 ⁇ m
- D10 was 4 ⁇ m
- D90 was 27 ⁇ m
- the ratio of the number of secondary particles formed to the total primary particles was 70%.
- the ratio of the average neck diameter Dn of the secondary particles to the D50 of the primary particles: Dn / D50 was 0.4.
- Example 2 A honeycomb structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment of Example 1 was carried out at 1350 ° C. for 5 hours in a vacuum atmosphere.
- Example 3 A honeycomb structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment of Example 1 was carried out at 950 ° C. for 1 hour in a vacuum atmosphere.
- Example 4 A honeycomb structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.5 g of a magnetic powder having an average particle size of 6 ⁇ m and having a composition of the balance Fe-18% by mass Cr was used as the magnetic powder.
- Example 5 A honeycomb structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.5 g of a magnetic powder having an average particle size of 80 ⁇ m and having a composition of the balance Fe-18% by mass Cr was used as the magnetic powder.
- Example 1 Similar to Example 1, a predetermined cell of a cylindrical corderite honeycomb fired body having a diameter of 25 mm, a length of 25 mm, a partition wall thickness of 0.1 mm, and a partition distance of about 1 mm is placed in a predetermined cell of Example 1.
- the slurry was filled to prepare a honeycomb fired body having a structure composed of a sealing portion containing magnetic particles.
- the honeycomb fired body to which the slurry was applied in the cell was heat-treated at 1100 ° C. for 5 hours in a vacuum atmosphere without degreasing. Subsequent heating tests were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.
- FIG. 1 Similar to Example 1, a predetermined cell of a cylindrical corderite honeycomb fired body having a diameter of 25 mm, a length of 25 mm, a partition wall thickness of 0.1 mm, and a partition distance of about 1 mm is placed in a predetermined cell of Example 1.
- the slurry was filled to prepare a honeycomb fired body having
- the ratio of the number of primary particles forming the secondary particles to the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles is in the range of 40 to 100%, and the integration frequency of the primary particles is 50.
- the particle size D50 corresponding to% is controlled within the range of 5 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the heating characteristics by induction heating were good.
- Comparative Example 1 the ratio of the number of primary particles forming the secondary particles to the total number of primary particles of the magnetic particles was out of the range of 40 to 100%.
- the heating characteristics by induction heating were inferior to those in Examples 1 to 5. Further, in Comparative Example 1, the ratio of the number of secondary particles formed is smaller than that in Example 1.
- Example 1 is more effective in efficiently raising the temperature of the gas passing through the place where the composite material containing the magnetic material in the honeycomb structure exists. .. Further, it can be seen that the maximum temperature exceeds 200 ° C., which is an effective heating temperature for activating the selective reduction catalyst effective for NO x purification, in Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びて流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、磁性体粒子と、を備える、ハニカム構造体であって、
前記磁性体粒子は、一次粒子が結合した二次粒子を含み、
前記ハニカム構造体の断面画像において、前記磁性体粒子の全一次粒子数における二次粒子を形成している一次粒子の個数割合が、40~100%であり、
前記一次粒子の積算頻度50個数%に対応する粒子径D50が5~100μmである、ハニカム構造体。
(2)(1)に記載のハニカム構造体と、
前記ハニカム構造体の外周に設けられたコイルと、
前記ハニカム構造体を保持するための筒状部材と、
を有する排気ガス浄化装置。
(3)外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びて流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、を有するハニカム基材を準備する工程と、
前記ハニカム基材に、磁性体粒子を含むスラリーを設ける工程と、
前記磁性体粒子を含むスラリーを設けたハニカム基材を、400~700℃で1~10時間の熱処理により脱脂を行う工程と、
前記脱脂後に、900~1400℃で0.5~10時間の真空または不活性雰囲気下における熱処理を行う工程と、
を含む、ハニカム構造体の製造方法。
図1(A)は、本発明の実施形態における、ハニカム構造体10のセル11の延伸方向に垂直な断面模式図である。図1(B)は、本発明の実施形態における、ハニカム構造体10のセル11の延伸方向に平行な断面模式図である。
次に、本発明の実施形態に係るハニカム構造体の製造方法を説明する。まず、セラミックス製の隔壁及び外周壁を有し、隔壁によって複数のセルが区画形成されたハニカム構造体を作製する。例えば、コージェライトからなるハニカム構造体を作製する場合には、まず、坏土用材料としてコージェライト化原料を用意する。コージェライト化原料は、コージェライト結晶の理論組成となるように各成分を配合するため、シリカ源成分、マグネシア源成分、及びアルミナ源成分等を配合する。このうちシリカ源成分としては、石英、溶融シリカを用いることが好ましく、更に、このシリカ源成分の粒径を100~150μmとすることが好ましい。
まず、磁性体粒子、及び、ガラス等で構成された固着材を混在させた材料でコート層形成用スラリーを作製する。具体的には、例えば、磁性体粒子とガラス粉体を配合し、これにバインダ、分散剤、水を配合してコート層形成用スラリーを作製する。磁性体粒子とガラス粉体の配合比としては、体積基準で1:1以上、20:1以下である。
まず、目封じ部の原料を用意する。目封じ部の材料(目封じ用スラリー)は、隔壁(ハニカム焼成体)と同じ坏土用材料を用いてもよいし、異なる材料を用いてもよい。具体的には、セラミックス原料、界面活性剤、及び水を混合し、必要に応じて焼結助剤、造孔剤等を添加してスラリー状にし、ミキサー等を使用して混練することにより得ることができる。
まず、磁性体粒子、磁性体粒子を含むスラリー、あるいはシリカ又はアルミナを主成分とする接着材料と磁性体粒子とを含むスラリーをハニカム焼成体のセル内に流し込む。このとき、磁性体粒子、磁性体粒子を含むスラリー、あるいはシリカ又はアルミナを主成分とする接着材料と磁性体粒子を含むスラリーは、ハニカム焼成体の一方の端面から全体、あるいは所定の長さの領域におけるセル内に塗工する。当該スラリーは、セラミックス、ガラス、またはセラミックスとガラスとの複合材料、界面活性剤、及び水を混合し、必要に応じて焼結助剤、造孔剤等を添加してスラリー状にし、ミキサー等を使用して混練することにより得ることができる。あるいはシリカ又はアルミナを主成分とする接着材料を用いる場合は、製造時に加熱乾燥によって接着材料が固化することができるものであることが好ましい。加熱乾燥によって上記接着材料が固化することができるものとしては、例えば、シリカまたはアルミナのコロイド分散体が挙げられ、シリカおよびアルミナを含むコロイド分散体であってもよい。また、使用環境における最高温度が約700℃に到達するため、この温度以上の耐熱温度を有するシリカ又はアルミナを用いることがより好ましい。
まず、ハニカム焼成体の一方の端面を所定の深さだけ切削除去して溝部を形成する。または、溝部を形成した生のハニカム成形体を作製しておき、これを乾燥させてハニカム乾燥体を作製する。
次に、溝部に磁性体粒子を含むスラリーを流し込む。当該スラリーは、セラミックス、ガラス、またはセラミックスとガラスとの複合材料、界面活性剤、及び水を混合し、必要に応じて焼結助剤、造孔剤等を添加してスラリー状にし、ミキサー等を使用して混練することにより得ることができる。
溝部に流し込む方法以外に、予めセグメント状になったハニカムに、接合材と磁性体粒子を含むスラリーをそれぞれ環状の導電ループが形成されるように塗布して、セグメント同士を接合して一体化する工程でも、同様のハニカム構造体を得ることが可能である。
上述した本発明の実施形態に係るハニカム構造体を用いて排気ガス浄化装置50を構成することができる。図6に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る排気ガス浄化装置50は、ハニカム構造体10とハニカム構造体10の外周に設けられたコイル51とを有する。また、排気ガス浄化装置50は、ハニカム構造体10を保持するための筒状部材52を有する。筒状部材52は金属管等で構成することができ、拡径部53にハニカム構造体10を配置することができる。コイル51は固定部材54によって筒状部材52内に固定されてもよい。固定部材54は、セラミック繊維等の耐熱性部材であることが好ましい。ハニカム構造体10は触媒を担持してもよい。触媒は、酸化触媒、三元触媒、NOx吸蔵還元触媒、NOx選択還元触媒(SCR触媒)、炭化水素吸着触媒、炭化水素、一酸化炭素酸化触媒、及び、アンモニアスリップ(酸化)触媒からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を用いることができる。
残部Fe-18質量%Crの組成を有する、平均粒径10μmの磁性体粉末1.5gと、平均粒径2μmのガラスフリットとを質量比率9:1で混合し、さらにスラリー粘度調整のためのレオロジー付与剤、カルボキシメチルセルロース、及び水を混合して、スラリーを作製し、貯留容器に貯めた。
また、別途、直径が25mm、長さが25mm、隔壁厚さが0.1mm、 隔壁間距離が約1mmの円柱状のコージェライト製ハニカム焼成体を準備した。次に、ハニカム焼成体の一方の端面のセル開口部の一部にマスクを施し、その端面を、スラリー(目封じ用スラリー)が貯留された貯留容器中に浸漬して、マスクをしていないセルにスラリーを充填した。次に、当該スラリーが充填されたハニカム焼成体を、窒素雰囲気下で500℃×5時間の脱脂を行った後に、真空雰囲気下、1100℃で5時間の熱処理を行い、図2(A)及び図2(B)に示すように、磁性体粒子を含む目封じ部からなる構造体を有するハニカム構造体を作製した。得られたハニカム構造体の磁性体粒子を含む目封じ部からなる構造体の気孔率は、SEMによる撮像を画像解析する方法で測定したところ、45%であった。
次に、当該ハニカム構造体を内径27mmの石英ガラス管内に設置し、石英ガラス管中には、室温の大気を0.24L/秒で流した。次に、直径35mm、3巻数の誘導加熱コイルを、外側に巻いて、誘導加熱装置を用いて、当該ハニカム構造体の加熱試験を行った。ハニカム構造体の内部温度をシース熱電対で測定した。投入電力は1kWとし、誘導加熱周波数は450kHzで、ハニカム構造体の昇温性能を測定した。図7に、実施例1の当該誘導加熱試験に係る時間(秒)-温度(℃)の関係を表したグラフを示す。
また、本測定に用いたハニカム構造体は、SEM観察を実施し、70倍の倍率で撮像した。1700μm×1400μmの視野の写真を3枚用いて、画像解析を実施した。
画像解析で得られたD50は10μm、D10は4μm、D90は27μm、全一次粒子のうち、二次粒子を形成している個数割合は70%であった。また二次粒子の平均ネック径Dnと、前記一次粒子のD50との比:Dn/D50が0.4であった。
実施例1に対して、真空雰囲気下、1350℃で5時間の熱処理を実施した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。
実施例1に対して、真空雰囲気下、950℃で1時間の熱処理を実施した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。
磁性体粉末として、残部Fe-18質量%Crの組成を有する、平均粒径6μmの磁性体粉末1.5gを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。
磁性体粉末として、残部Fe-18質量%Crの組成を有する、平均粒径80μmの磁性体粉末1.5gを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。
実施例1と同様に、直径が25mm、長さが25mm、隔壁厚さが0.1mm、隔壁間距離が約1mmの円柱状のコージェライト製ハニカム焼成体の所定のセルに、実施例1のスラリーを充填し、磁性体粒子を含む目封じ部からなる構造体を有するハニカム焼成体を作製した。次に、当該スラリーがセル内に塗布されたハニカム焼成体を、脱脂を行わずに、真空雰囲気下において1100℃で5時間の熱処理を行なった。以降の加熱試験は実施例1と同様に実施した。図7に、比較例1の当該誘導加熱試験に係る時間(秒)-温度(℃)の関係を表したグラフを示す。画像解析で得られたD50は10μm、D10は4μm、D90は27μm、全一次粒子のうち、二次粒子を形成している個数割合は20%であった。また二次粒子の平均ネック径Dnと、前記一次粒子のD50との比:Dn/D50が0.1であった。実施例1~5及び比較例1の各評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1~5は、いずれも磁性体粒子の全一次粒子数における二次粒子を形成している一次粒子の個数割合が、40~100%の範囲内であり、一次粒子の積算頻度50個数%に対応する粒子径D50が5~100μmの範囲内に制御されている。実施例1~5は、誘導加熱による加熱特性が良好であった。
これに対し、比較例1は、磁性体粒子の全一次粒子数における二次粒子を形成している一次粒子の個数割合が、40~100%の範囲外であった。そして比較例1は、誘導加熱による加熱特性が実施例1~5に対して劣っていた。
また、比較例1では、実施例1に対し、二次粒子を形成している個数割合が減少しているが、これは例えば、脱脂工程を省略したことによって、その後の一次粒子同士の焼結が、残存したカーボン分によって妨げられたためと考えられる。
また、図7に示すように、実施例1と比較例1とを対比すると、複合材に用いた磁性体の重量と、被加熱体のハニカム構造体が同一、また誘導加熱のための入力電力も同じである条件において、実施例1の方が早く加熱し、ハニカム構造体内の磁性体を含む複合材が存在する箇所を通過するガスを、効率的に昇温するにあたり有効であることがわかる。また、例えばNOx浄化に有効な選択還元触媒を活性化するために有効な加熱温度である200℃を、実施例1では最高温度が超えていることがわかる。
11 セル
12 外周壁
13 隔壁
15 コート層
25 目封じ部
35 充填材
44 溝部
45 導電ループ
50 排気ガス浄化装置
51 コイル
52 筒状部材
53 拡径部
54 固定部材
55 制御部
Claims (11)
- 外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びて流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、磁性体粒子と、を備える、ハニカム構造体であって、
前記磁性体粒子は、一次粒子が結合した二次粒子を含み、
前記ハニカム構造体の断面画像において、前記磁性体粒子の全一次粒子数における二次粒子を形成している一次粒子の個数割合が、40~100%であり、
前記一次粒子の積算頻度50個数%に対応する粒子径D50が5~100μmである、ハニカム構造体。 - 前記一次粒子の積算頻度10個数%に対応する粒子径D10が2μm以上であり、積算頻度90個数%に対応する粒子径D90が120μm以下である、請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子の二次粒子の平均ネック径Dnと、前記一次粒子のD50との比:Dn/D50が0.2~0.8である、請求項1または2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子が前記磁性体粒子を含むコート層からなる構造体を構成しており、前記ハニカム構造体の隔壁の表面に前記コート層が設けられている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子が前記磁性体粒子を含む目封じ部からなる構造体を構成しており、前記ハニカム構造体の一方の端面のセル、または、一方の端面及び他方の端面のセルに、前記目封じ部が設けられている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子が前記ハニカム構造体のセルに充填される前記磁性体粒子を含む充填材からなる構造体を構成している、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子が前記磁性体粒子を含む環状の導電ループからなる構造体を構成しており、前記ハニカム構造体の一方の端面及び他方の端面の一方または両方に溝部が設けられており、前記溝部に、前記環状の導電ループが埋め込まれている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子の構造体の気孔率が、10~70%である、請求項4~7のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記磁性体粒子は、周波数が10~1000kHzの電流により誘導加熱される磁性体粒子である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体と、
前記ハニカム構造体の外周に設けられたコイルと、
前記ハニカム構造体を保持するための筒状部材と、
を有する排気ガス浄化装置。 - 外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びて流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、を有するハニカム基材を準備する工程と、
前記ハニカム基材に、磁性体粒子を含むスラリーを設ける工程と、
前記磁性体粒子を含むスラリーを設けたハニカム基材を、400~700℃で1~10時間の熱処理により脱脂を行う工程と、
前記脱脂後に、900~1400℃で0.5~10時間の真空または不活性雰囲気下における熱処理を行う工程と、
を含む、ハニカム構造体の製造方法。
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WO2016021186A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 排ガス流路部材、排ガス浄化装置、その昇温方法、及び、排ガス流路部材用の磁性体 |
JP2019188272A (ja) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-31 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 触媒担体及びその製造方法、並びに排気ガス浄化装置 |
WO2020031434A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体、排気ガス浄化装置、排気システム及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 |
WO2020110396A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
WO2020188973A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-24 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体、排気ガス浄化装置及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 |
WO2020195108A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-10-01 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
WO2020195278A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体及び排気ガス浄化装置 |
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US20230321643A1 (en) | 2023-10-12 |
JP7486605B2 (ja) | 2024-05-17 |
DE112021006255T5 (de) | 2023-09-14 |
CN116528960A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
JPWO2022118531A1 (ja) | 2022-06-09 |
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