WO2022118446A1 - 反射鏡アンテナおよびアンテナ口径拡張方法 - Google Patents
反射鏡アンテナおよびアンテナ口径拡張方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118446A1 WO2022118446A1 PCT/JP2020/045112 JP2020045112W WO2022118446A1 WO 2022118446 A1 WO2022118446 A1 WO 2022118446A1 JP 2020045112 W JP2020045112 W JP 2020045112W WO 2022118446 A1 WO2022118446 A1 WO 2022118446A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 14
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/147—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures provided with means for controlling or monitoring the shape of the reflecting surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
- H01Q15/161—Collapsible reflectors
- H01Q15/162—Collapsible reflectors composed of a plurality of rigid panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
- H01Q19/192—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
- H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
- H01Q3/18—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is movable and the reflecting device is fixed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for expanding the antenna diameter to increase the gain when the gain is insufficient with the standard size antenna diameter.
- a small earth station device In a satellite communication system using VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) or the like, a small earth station device is used as a terminal station device. There are two types of small earth station equipment, fixed station equipment and portable station equipment. In the case of portable station equipment, an antenna of 0.6 to 0.75m class is installed as standard with an emphasis on transportability (for example). , See Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 2 In areas corresponding to the edge of the service area of communication satellites, it is difficult to maintain communication quality due to insufficient antenna gain, so an antenna with a larger diameter than the standard antenna installed in portable station equipment is required. Is. For example, in the satellite network service of a satellite communication company, an antenna diameter according to the position of the service area is recommended, and an antenna having a diameter of 1 m or more is required in a remote island area (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
- a reflector antenna is more suitable than a planar antenna for expanding the antenna diameter.
- the gain of the antenna for example, 0.75 m antenna
- the antenna is changed to a larger diameter antenna (for example, 1 m antenna). It was in operation. Therefore, when operating in the edge area of the service area, it is necessary to prepare and replace another antenna with a large diameter, which causes problems in transportability and operability.
- the present invention prepares and replaces another antenna with a large aperture by attaching an aperture expansion panel to the main reflector of a standard aperture reflector antenna and changing one or both of the radiator and the secondary reflector. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reflector antenna and an antenna diameter expansion method capable of realizing a large-diameter antenna having excellent transportability and operability.
- the present invention is a reflector antenna including a radiator that radiates radio waves and a main reflector that reflects radio waves radiated from the radiator in a communication direction, and is attached to at least a part of the main reflector. It is characterized by including an expansion panel for increasing the area of the reflector, a first adjusting unit for changing the position of the radiator, or a second adjusting unit for replacing the radiator with a radiator having a different radiation angle. ..
- a secondary reflector is further provided between the radiator and the primary reflector, and the secondary reflector is replaced with a secondary reflector having a different reflection angle, or at least a part of the secondary reflector. It is characterized by comprising a sub-expansion panel that is attached to expand the sub-reflector.
- the present invention is a method for expanding the antenna diameter in a reflector antenna including a radiator that radiates radio waves and a main reflector that reflects radio waves radiated from the radiator in a communication direction, and at least the main reflector. It is characterized in that an expansion panel is partially attached to increase the area of the main reflector, and the position of the radiator is changed or the radiator is replaced with a radiator having a different radiation angle.
- the sub-reflector when a sub-reflector is further provided between the radiator and the main reflector, the sub-reflector is replaced with a sub-reflector having a different reflection angle, or sub-extended to at least a part of the sub-reflector. It is characterized by mounting the panel.
- the reflector antenna and the antenna aperture expansion method according to the present invention are large by attaching an aperture expansion panel to the main reflector of a standard aperture reflector antenna and changing one or both of the radiator and the sub-reflector. It is possible to realize a large-diameter antenna having excellent transportability and operability without preparing and replacing another antenna with a different diameter.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of the satellite communication system 100.
- the satellite communication system 100 includes a communication satellite 101, a base station device 102, and terminal station devices 103 and 104.
- the terminal station devices 103 and 104 can communicate with the base station device 102 using radio waves having a frequency in the Ku band via the communication satellite 101 and can be connected to the network 105.
- the terminal station devices 103 and 104 include a fixed station device and a portable station device.
- the terminal station device 103 since the terminal station device 103 is a fixed station device and is mainly used in a place where radio waves are weak such as near the edge of the service area of the communication satellite 101, it has an antenna having a large diameter of 1 m or more.
- the terminal station device 104 since the terminal station device 104 is a portable station device and is mainly used in a place where radio waves are strong in the service area of the communication satellite 101, an antenna having a small diameter of about 0.75 m, which is easy to carry, is installed as standard. Has been done.
- the terminal station apparatus 103 will be referred to as a fixed station apparatus 103
- the terminal station apparatus 104 will be referred to as a portable station apparatus 104.
- the portable station device 104 Since the portable station device 104 is superior in transportability and operability to the fixed station device 103, it is desired to use it in an area where radio waves are weak. It is necessary to prepare and replace the antenna of the above, which poses a problem in transportability and operability.
- the reflector antenna according to the present embodiment has a large diameter by expanding the diameter of the standard size antenna mounted on the portable station device 104 without preparing and replacing another antenna having a large diameter. It can be used as an antenna.
- the antenna mounted on the portable station device 104 is a reflector antenna.
- a parabola antenna, an offset parabola antenna, a casegren antenna, an offset casegren antenna, a Gregorian antenna, and an offset Gregorian antenna will be described, but the same applies to other types of antennas as long as the antenna has a reflector. Applicable.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a standard size parabolic antenna mounted on the portable station device 104.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the parabolic antenna 200 shown in FIG. 2 has a main reflector 201 and a radiator 202.
- the aperture of the main reflector 201 is 0.75 m.
- the main reflector 201 forms a rotating paraboloid, and the radiator 202 is arranged at the position of the focal point F of the main reflector 201.
- the focal point F corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 202 to the main reflector 201 at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflector 201, and the radio waves reflected by the main reflector 201 are on the paper surface.
- the radio wave arriving from the horizontal direction (communication direction) is reflected by the main reflector 201 and received by the receiver arranged at the position of the focal point F.
- FIG. 3 shows a realization example of a parabolic antenna 200a having a diameter larger than that of the parabolic antenna 200 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the antenna gain of the parabolic antenna 200a can be increased by changing the position of the radiator 202 of the parabolic antenna 200 in FIG. 2 and increasing the area by expanding the main reflector 201.
- the parabolic antenna 200a since the parabolic antenna 200a has the same radiation angle of the radiator 202, it is not necessary to replace the radiator 202.
- a slide mechanism (corresponding to the first adjustment unit) for moving the position of the radiator 202 and a main reflection. It suffices to include an expansion panel, which will be described later, to expand the mirror 201.
- the parabolic antenna 200a shown in FIG. 3 has a main reflector 201a and a radiator 202a.
- the aperture of the main reflector 201a is 1.00 m.
- the main reflector 201a forms a rotating paraboloid, and the radiator 202a is the same as the radiator 202 of FIG. 2 and is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the main reflector 201a.
- the parabolic antenna 200a expands the main reflector 201 and positions the radiator 202 without changing the radiation angle of the radiator 202 of the parabolic antenna 200 mounted as standard on the portable station device 104.
- the area of the main reflector 201a is larger than that of the main reflector 201, so that the antenna gain is increased.
- the portion of the main reflector 201a overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 201 of FIG. 2, and the portion indicated by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 201. Corresponds to the expansion panel.
- FIG. 4 shows a realization example of the parabolic antenna 200b in the case where the position of the radiator 202 is not changed in FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the parabolic antenna 200b Since the parabolic antenna 200b has a different radiation angle of the radiator 202, it is only necessary to replace the radiator 202 with the radiator 202b and attach an expansion panel described later to expand the main reflector 201.
- the parabolic antenna 200b has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the second adjusting unit) in which the radiator 202 can be easily replaced with the radiator 202b.
- the desorption mechanism may be any mechanism used in a general machine, for example, a mechanism in which the radiator 202b is slid-inserted and locked at a predetermined position, and the lock is released and removed. It may be a mechanism for screwing like a tripod of a camera.
- the parabolic antenna 200b does not change the position of the radiator 202 of the parabolic antenna 200 of FIG. 2, but changes the radiation angle including the replacement of the radiator 202 and increases the area due to the expansion of the main reflector 201. Therefore, the antenna gain can be increased.
- the portion of the main reflector 201b overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 201 of FIG. 2, and the portion indicated by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 201. Corresponds to the expansion panel.
- the parabolic antenna 200, the parabolic antenna 200a, and the parabolic antenna 200b described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are ordinary center-feed type parabolic antennas, and the radio wave radiation path is based on the radiator 202 and its feeding line. Since it is blocked, radiation characteristics such as sidelobes characteristics deteriorate.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a standard size offset parabolic antenna 300.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm), and the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset parabolic antenna 300 has the same diameter as the main reflector 201 of the parabolic antenna 200 in FIG. 2, but since the radiator 302 is offset from the radiation path of the radio wave, deterioration due to blocking can be prevented.
- the offset parabolic antenna 300 shown in FIG. 5 has a main reflector 301 and a radiator 302.
- the aperture of the main reflector 301 is the same as that of the main reflector 201 of the parabolic antenna 200 having a diameter of 0.75 m.
- the main reflector 301 forms a rotating paraboloid, and the radiator 302 is arranged at the position of the focal point F of the main reflector 301.
- the focal point F corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 302 to the main reflector 301 at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the rotating parabolic surface of the main reflector 301, and the radio waves reflected by the main reflector 301 are on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the main reflector 301 of the offset parabolic antenna 300 functions as a reflector antenna having a diameter of 0.75 m, similarly to the main reflector 201 of the parabolic antenna 200.
- FIG. 6 shows a realization example of an offset parabolic antenna 300a having a diameter larger than that of the offset parabolic antenna 300 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset parabolic antenna 300a is provided by increasing the area by expanding the main reflector 301 and changing the radiation angle including the replacement of the radiator 302 without changing the position of the radiator 302 of the offset parabolic antenna 300 in FIG.
- the antenna gain can be increased.
- the offset parabolic antenna 300a shown in FIG. 6 has a main reflector 301a and a radiator 302a.
- the aperture of the main reflector 301a is 1.00 m.
- the main reflector 301a forms a rotating paraboloid, and the focal point F is at the same position as the main reflector 301 of the offset parabolic antenna 300. That is, the radiator 302a is arranged at the same position as the radiator 302 of the offset parabolic antenna 300.
- the focal point F corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 302a to the main reflector 301a and on the entire surface of the main reflector 301a at a radiation angle different from that of the radiator 302 in FIG. 5, and are reflected by the main reflector 301a. Radio waves are transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of the paper. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the portion overlapped with the main reflector 301a and shown by the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 301 in FIG. 5, and the portion shown by the solid line corresponds to the expansion panel described later.
- the offset parabolic antenna 300a has a larger diameter than the offset parabolic antenna 300 in FIG. 5, the area of the main reflector 301a increases and the antenna gain increases. Since the radiation angle of the radiator 302a of the offset parabolic antenna 300a is different from that of the radiator 302, the radiator 302 is replaced with the radiator 302a and the expansion panel described later for expanding the main reflector 301 is attached. There is a need. That is, in the offset parabolic antenna 300, when the main reflector 301 is expanded, the antenna diameter can be substantially expanded only by replacing the radiator 302.
- the extension of the main reflector 301 is unidirectional, but it may be bidirectional or the entire circumference.
- the offset parabolic antenna 300a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the second adjusting unit) in which the radiator 302 can be easily replaced with the radiator 302b.
- the desorption mechanism may be any mechanism used in a general machine, such as the radiator 202b described above.
- the radiator 302 (radiator 302a) is offset outside the opening in the radiation direction of the radio wave, the radiator 302 (radiation). There is no performance deterioration due to blocking of the device 302a), and it is effective as a low side lobe antenna. Further, since the radio wave reflected by the main reflector 301 (main reflector 301a) does not return to the radiator 302 (radiator 302a), the frequency characteristic is good over a wide band.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a standard size Cassegrain antenna 400.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the Cassegrain antenna 400 shown in FIG. 7 has a main reflector 401, a secondary reflector 402, and a radiator 403.
- the aperture of the main reflector 401 is 0.75 m.
- the primary reflector 401 forms a rotating paraboloid, and the secondary reflector 402 forms a rotating hyperboloid.
- the radiator 403 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 402.
- the radio wave radiated from the radiator 403 is reflected by the rotating double curved surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 402, spreads so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 401, and the radio wave reflected by the main reflecting mirror 401 is a paper surface.
- radio waves arriving from the horizontal direction (communication direction) are reflected by the main reflector 401 and the sub-reflector 402, and are received by the receiver arranged at the position of the focal point F'.
- FIG. 8 shows a realization example of a Cassegrain antenna 400a having a diameter larger than that of the Cassegrain antenna 400 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the Cassegrain antenna 400a can increase the antenna gain without changing the radiation angle of the radiator 403 of the Cassegrain antenna 400 in FIG. 7. That is, the radiator 403 does not need to be replaced, and the cassegrain antenna 400a has an increased area due to the expansion of the main reflecting mirror 401 and the sub-reflecting mirror 402 without changing the position of the radiator 403 of the cassegrain antenna 400 in FIG.
- the antenna gain can be increased by replacing the secondary reflector 402a.
- the Cassegrain antenna 400a shown in FIG. 8 has a main reflector 401a, a secondary reflector 402a, and a radiator 403.
- the aperture of the main reflector 401a is 1.00 m.
- the primary reflector 401a forms a rotating paraboloid, and the secondary reflector 402a forms a rotating hyperboloid.
- the radiator 403 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 402a.
- the position of the focal point F' is the same as that of the Cassegrain antenna 400 of FIG.
- the focal point F' corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 403 at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the rotating hyperboloid of the secondary reflector 402a.
- the radio wave radiated from the radiator 403 is reflected by the rotating double curved surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 402a, spreads so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 401a, and the radio wave reflected by the main reflecting mirror 401a is on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the secondary reflector 402a has a different reflection angle from the secondary reflector 402, and reflects the radio waves radiated from the radiator 403 so as to spread over the entire surface of the primary reflector 401a at a wider angle than the secondary reflector 402.
- the Cassegrain antenna 400a shown in FIG. 8 can increase the antenna gain without replacing the radiator 403 of the Cassegrain antenna 400 having a diameter of 0.75 m shown in FIG. 7. That is, the Cassegrain antenna 400 having a diameter of 0.75 m can be used as a Cassegrain antenna 400a having a diameter of 1.00 m by increasing the area due to the expansion of the main reflector 401 of the Cassegrain antenna 400 and replacing the sub-reflecting mirror 402.
- the portion of the main reflector 401a overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 401 of FIG. 7, and the portion indicated by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 401.
- the Cassegrain antenna 400a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the third adjusting unit) in which the sub-reflecting mirror 402 can be easily replaced with the sub-reflecting mirror 402a.
- the desorption mechanism may be any mechanism used in a general machine, such as the radiator 202b described above.
- the Cassegrain antenna 400 and the Cassegrain antenna 400a described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 are of a normal center feed type, the radio wave path is blocked by the radiator 403 (radiator 403a) and its feeding line, so that the side Radiation characteristics such as lobe characteristics deteriorate.
- a double reflector antenna using a plurality of reflectors has a smaller cross-polarization component generated by the reflector system than a parabolic antenna having the same aperture diameter, and a radiator with a large aperture can be used. It has the feature that a wide band can be realized.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of a standard size offset Cassegrain antenna 500.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm), and the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 shown in FIG. 9 has a main reflector 501, a secondary reflector 502, and a radiator 503.
- the diameter of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 is the same as that of the 0.75 m Cassegrain antenna 400.
- the primary reflector 501 forms a rotating paraboloid, and the secondary reflector 502 forms a rotating hyperboloid.
- the radiator 503 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 502.
- the radio wave radiated from the radiator 503 is reflected by the rotating double curved surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 502 and spreads so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 501, and the radio wave reflected by the main reflecting mirror 501 is a paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the main reflector 501 of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 functions as a reflector antenna having a diameter of 0.75 m, similarly to the main reflector 401 of the Cassegrain antenna 400.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of an offset Cassegrain antenna 500a having a diameter larger than that of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a has an antenna gain due to the increase in area due to the expansion of the main reflector 501 and the replacement of the secondary reflector 502 without changing the position and radiation angle of the radiator 503 of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 in FIG. Can be increased. That is, the radiator 503 does not need to be replaced.
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a shown in FIG. 10 has a main reflector 501a, a secondary reflector 502a, and a radiator 503.
- the aperture of the main reflector 501a is 1.00 m.
- the primary reflector 501a forms a rotating paraboloid, and the secondary reflector 502a forms a rotating hyperboloid.
- the radiator 503 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 502 and the secondary reflector 502a.
- the position of the focal point F' is the same as that of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 in FIG.
- the focal point F' corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 503 at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the rotating hyperboloid of the secondary reflector 502a.
- the radio wave radiated from the radiator 503 is reflected by the rotating double curved surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 502a and spreads so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 501a, and the radio wave reflected by the main reflecting mirror 501a is on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the sub-reflector 502a has a different reflection angle from the sub-reflector 502, and reflects the radio waves radiated from the radiator 503 so as to spread over the entire surface of the main reflector 501a at a wider angle than the sub-reflector 502.
- the offset cassegrain antenna 500a shown in FIG. 10 can increase the antenna gain without changing the radiator 503 of the offset cassegrain antenna 500 having a diameter of 0.75 m shown in FIG. That is, the offset Cassegrain antenna 500 having a diameter of 0.75 m can be used as an offset Cassegrain antenna 500a having a diameter of 1.00 m by increasing the area due to the expansion of the main reflector 501 and replacing the sub-reflecting mirror 502.
- the portion of the main reflector 501a overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 501 of FIG. 9, and the portion indicated by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 501.
- the extension of the main reflector 501 is unidirectional, but may be bidirectional or the entire circumference.
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the third adjustment unit) in which the sub-reflector 502 can be easily replaced with the sub-reflector 502a.
- the desorption mechanism may be any mechanism used in a general machine, such as the secondary reflector 402a described above.
- the secondary reflector 502 (502a) and the radiator 503 (503a) are within the radiation path of the radio wave of the main reflector 501 (501a). Not in. Therefore, there is no performance deterioration due to blocking, and it is effective as a low sidelobes antenna.
- the primary reflector 501 (501a) and the secondary reflector 502 (502a) intersect. It has the feature that the generation of polarization components can be eliminated.
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a is more efficient than the center feed type Cassegrain antenna 400a and is smaller than other antennas (for example, the offset Gregorian antenna 700a described later).
- the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a is the most feasible structure.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of a standard size Gregorian antenna 600.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm), and the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the Gregorian antenna 600 shown in FIG. 11 has a main reflector 601 and a secondary reflector 602 and a radiator 603.
- the aperture of the main reflector 601 is 0.75 m.
- the primary reflector 601 forms a spheroidal surface
- the secondary reflector 602 forms a spheroidal surface.
- the radiator 603 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 602.
- the radio wave radiated from the radiator 603 is reflected by the rotating elliptical surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 602, passes through the shared focal point F between the primary reflecting mirror 601 and the secondary reflecting mirror 602, and covers the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 601.
- the radio wave that spreads so as to hit the surface and is reflected by the main reflector 601 is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of the paper surface.
- radio waves arriving from the horizontal direction (communication direction) are reflected by the main reflector 601 and the sub-reflector 602, and are received by the receiver arranged at the position of the focal point F'.
- FIG. 12 shows a realization example of a Gregorian antenna 600a having a diameter larger than that of the Gregorian antenna 600 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the Gregorian antenna 600a can increase the antenna gain without changing the position of the radiator 603 of the Gregorian antenna 600 in FIG. 11, but since the radiation angle is different, it is necessary to replace the radiator 603. That is, the Gregorian antenna 600 with a diameter of 0.75 m is used as a Gregorian antenna 600a with a diameter of 1.00 m by increasing the area due to the expansion of the main reflector 601 and replacing the secondary reflector 602 and the radiator 603. And the antenna gain can be increased.
- the Gregorian antenna 600a shown in FIG. 12 has a main reflector 601a, a secondary reflector 602a, and a radiator 603a.
- the aperture of the main reflector 601a is 1.00 m.
- the primary reflector 601a forms a spheroidal surface, and the secondary reflector 602a forms a spheroidal surface.
- the radiator 603a is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 602a.
- the position of the focal point F' is the same as that of the Gregorian antenna 600 in FIG. 11, but the radiation angles of the radiator 603 and the radiator 603a are different.
- the focal point F' corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 603 at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the spheroid surface of the secondary reflector 602a.
- the radio waves radiated from the radiator 603a are reflected by the rotating elliptical surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 602a and spread so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 601a, and the radio waves reflected by the main reflecting mirror 601a are on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the Gregorian antenna 600a shown in FIG. 12 can increase the antenna gain without changing the position of the radiator 603 of the Gregorian antenna 600 having a diameter of 0.75 m shown in FIG.
- the portion of the main reflector 601a overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 601 of FIG. 11, and the portion shown by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 601. Corresponds to the expansion panel.
- the portion overlapped with the sub-reflector 602a and shown by the dotted line corresponds to the sub-reflector 602 in FIG.
- the expansion panel sub-expansion panel
- the entire secondary reflector 602 may be replaced with the secondary reflector 602a without expanding the secondary reflector 602 with the expansion panel.
- the Gregorian antenna 600a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the third adjusting unit) in which the sub-reflecting mirror 602 can be easily replaced with the sub-reflecting mirror 602a.
- the Gregorian antenna 600a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the second adjusting unit) in which the radiator 603 can be easily replaced with the radiator 603a.
- These desorption mechanisms may be any mechanism used in a general machine, such as the secondary reflector 402a and the radiator 202b described above.
- the Gregorian antenna 600 and the Gregorian antenna 600a described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12 are of a normal center feed type, the radio wave path is blocked by the radiator 603 (radiator 603a) and its feeding line, so that the side Radiation characteristics such as lobe characteristics deteriorate.
- a double reflector antenna using a plurality of reflectors has a smaller cross-polarization component generated by the reflector system than a parabolic antenna having the same aperture diameter, and a radiator with a large aperture can be used. It has the feature that a wide band can be realized.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a standard size offset Gregorian antenna 700.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700 shown in FIG. 13 has a main reflector 701, a secondary reflector 702, and a radiator 703.
- the diameter of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 is the same as that of the 0.75 m Gregorian antenna 600.
- the primary reflector 701 forms a spheroidal surface and the secondary reflector 702 forms a spheroidal surface.
- the radiator 703 is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 702.
- the radio waves radiated from the radiator 703 are reflected by the rotating elliptical surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 702 and spread so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 701, and the radio waves reflected by the main reflecting mirror 701 are on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700 functions as a reflector antenna with a diameter of 0.75 m, similar to the Gregorian antenna 600.
- FIG. 14 shows a realization example of an offset Gregorian antenna 700a having a diameter larger than that of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 of FIG.
- the vertical axis indicates the antenna diameter direction (mm)
- the horizontal axis indicates the radio wave radiation direction (mm).
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700a is provided by increasing the area due to the expansion of the main reflecting mirror 701 of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 in FIG. 13, expanding or replacing the sub-reflecting mirror 702, and changing the radiation angle including the replacement of the radiator 703.
- the antenna gain can be increased. That is, the offset Gregorian antenna 700 having a diameter of 0.75 m can be used as the offset Gregorian antenna 700a having a diameter of 1.00 m.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700a shown in FIG. 14 has a main reflector 701a, a secondary reflector 702a, and a radiator 703a.
- the aperture of the main reflector 701a is 1.00 m.
- the primary reflector 701a forms a spheroidal surface, and the secondary reflector 702a forms a spheroidal surface.
- the radiator 703a is arranged at the position of the focal point F'of the secondary reflector 702a.
- the position of the focal point F' is the same as that of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 in FIG.
- the focal point F' corresponds to the feeding point, and radio waves are radiated from the radiator 703a at a radiation angle that hits the entire surface of the spheroid surface of the secondary reflector 702a.
- the radio waves radiated from the radiator 703a are reflected by the rotating elliptical surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 702a and spread so as to hit the entire surface of the rotating radial surface of the main reflecting mirror 701a, and the radio waves reflected by the main reflecting mirror 701a are on the paper surface. Is transmitted in the horizontal direction (communication direction) of. At the time of reception, the operation is reversed.
- the sub-reflector 702a of the offset Gregorian antenna 700a described with reference to FIG. 14 is subordinated by attaching an expansion panel (in this case, the sub-expansion panel) having the same configuration as the main reflector 701a. It can be used as a reflector 702a. Since the sub-reflecting mirror 702a is smaller than the main reflecting mirror 701a and does not affect the transportability so much, the entire sub-reflecting mirror 702 may be replaced with the sub-reflecting mirror 702a. Alternatively, the secondary reflector 702a may be mounted on the portable station device 104 as standard.
- the portable station device 104 is operated by the standard main reflector 701
- only the dotted line portion corresponding to the secondary reflector 702 is used in the secondary reflector 702a, and the secondary reflector 702a is a radio wave. Since it is an offset type that is not on the radiation path of, it does not affect the antenna performance.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700a shown in FIG. 14 has an increased area due to the expansion of the main reflecting mirror 701 without changing the position of the radiator 703 of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 having a diameter of 0.75 m shown in FIG.
- the antenna gain can be increased by expanding or replacing the secondary reflector 702 and changing the radiation angle, including the replacement of the radiator 703.
- the portion of the main reflector 701a overlapping with the dotted line corresponds to the main reflector 701 of FIG. 13, and the portion indicated by the solid line is described later attached to the periphery or a part of the main reflector 701. Corresponds to the expansion panel.
- the extension of the main reflector 701 is unidirectional, but it may be bidirectional or the entire circumference.
- the portion overlapped with the sub-reflector 702a and shown by the dotted line corresponds to the sub-reflector 702 in FIG. 13, and the portion shown by the solid line is the sub-reflector 702.
- the secondary reflector 702 may be replaced with the secondary reflector 702a without being expanded by the expansion panel.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to the third adjusting unit) in which the sub-reflecting mirror 702 can be easily replaced with the sub-reflecting mirror 702a.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700a has, for example, a desorption mechanism (corresponding to a second adjustment unit) that allows the radiator 703 to be easily replaced with the radiator 703a.
- desorption mechanisms may be any mechanism used in a general machine, such as the secondary reflector 402a and the radiator 202b described above.
- the main reflector can be mounted by mounting the secondary reflector 702a as standard as described above. It is also possible to increase the antenna gain with just the extension of 701.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700 and the offset Gregorian antenna 700a described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14 are mainly composed of the secondary reflector 702 (702a) and the radiator 703 (703a). It is not in the radiation path of the radio wave of the reflector 701 (701a). Therefore, there is no performance deterioration due to blocking, and it is effective as a low sidelobes antenna.
- the primary reflector 701 (701a) and the secondary reflector 702 (702a) they intersect. It has the feature that the generation of polarization components can be eliminated.
- the offset Gregorian antenna 700 (700a) has a secondary reflector 702 (702a) outside the focal point F, so that the antenna is an antenna.
- the overall size will be larger.
- FIG. 15 shows a specific example of the main reflector 701a of the offset Gregorian antenna 700a described with reference to FIG. Note that FIG. 15 describes the main reflector 701a of the offset Gregorian antenna 700a, but the main reflector of the offset parabolic antenna 300a of FIG. 6 and the main reflection of the offset Cassegrain antenna 500a of FIG. 10 having the same main reflector. The same can be realized for the mirror 501a.
- the main reflector 601a is also different in the mounting location, position, shape, size, etc. of the expansion panel, and can be realized in the same manner as the specific example described later.
- the main reflector 701a of the offset Gregorian antenna 700a is composed of the main reflector 701, the expansion panel 751 and the expansion panel 752 of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 mounted as standard on the portable station device 104.
- the expansion panel 751 is fixed to the main reflector 701 by the fixing bracket 802a and the fixing bracket 802b after the mounting position is determined by the guide 801a.
- the expansion panel 752 is fixed to the main reflector 701 by the fixing bracket 802c and the fixing bracket 802d after the mounting position is determined by the guide 801b.
- expansion panel 751 and the expansion panel 752 are fixed to each other by the fixing bracket 802e.
- a guide may be provided between the expansion panel 751 and the expansion panel 752.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of a procedure for expanding the main reflector 701 of the offset Gregorian antenna 700 mounted as standard on the portable station device 104 described with reference to FIG.
- an expansion panel may be attached around each main reflector depending on the radiation characteristics of the radio wave, or an expansion panel may be attached to a part of the main reflector (for example, both sides). May be done.
- the main reflector 701, the expansion panel 751, and the expansion panel 752 are assembled so as to change from the state (a) to the state (c) while determining the positions of the guides 801a, 801b, and 801c with each other. Finally, as described with reference to FIG. 15, the main reflector 701, the expansion panel 751 and the expansion panel 752 are fixed to each other by the fixing brackets 802a, 802b, 802c, 802d and 802e.
- FIG. 17 shows an example of the fixing bracket 802a.
- the other fixing brackets 802b, 802c, 802d and 802e are also configured in the same manner as the fixing brackets 802a.
- the fixing bracket 802a in FIG. 17 is an example, and the main reflector 701, the expansion panel 751, and the expansion panel 752 may be fixed by another member having the same function.
- the fixing metal fitting 802a is a metal fitting for fixing the main reflector 701 side and the expansion panel 751 side.
- the fixing bracket 802a includes a pedestal 901 fixed to the main reflector 701, a pedestal 902 fixed to the expansion panel 751, a square ring 903 hooked on a recess of the pedestal 901, and a lever 904 rotatably mounted on the pedestal 902. Have.
- a square ring 903 is rotatably attached to the lever 904 with an appropriate amount of play, and a spring for pulling the square ring 903 toward the upper side of the lever 904 is built in.
- the square ring 903 fixes the pedestal 901 on the main reflector 701 side and the pedestal 902 on the expansion panel 751 side by the spring built in the lever 904.
- the 0.75 m offset Gregorian antenna 700 main reflector 701 which is mounted as standard on the portable station device 104, is extended to provide an offset of 1.00 m. It can be used as the main reflector 701a of the Gregorian antenna 700a.
- an expansion panel in the case of a sub-reflector, it may be referred to as a sub-expansion panel
- the main reflector 701. Therefore, it can be used as a secondary reflector 702a. Since the sub-reflecting mirror 702a is smaller than the main reflecting mirror 701a and does not affect the transportability so much, the entire sub-reflecting mirror 702 may be replaced with the sub-reflecting mirror 702a.
- the secondary reflector 702a may be mounted on the portable station device 104 as standard.
- the portable station device 104 when the portable station device 104 is operated by the standard main reflector 701, only the dotted line portion corresponding to the secondary reflector 702 of the secondary reflector 702a is used, and since it is an offset type, the antenna performance is improved. It has no effect.
- the aperture expansion panel is attached to the main reflector of the standard aperture reflector antenna, and one or both of the radiator and the sub-reflector are attached.
- the reflector antenna and antenna diameter expansion method according to the present invention include a portable station device for a standard antenna, an optional expansion panel, and at least one of a radiator and a secondary reflector that can be transported more easily than the main reflector. All you have to do is carry the replacement parts. This makes it possible to ensure communication quality without impairing transportability and operability in the edge area of the service area where the gain is insufficient and the communication quality is insufficient with the standard size antenna.
- 100 Satellite communication system; 101 ... Communication satellite; 102 ... Base station device; 103 ... Terminal station device (fixed station device); 104 ... Terminal station device (portable station device); 105 ... network; 200, 200a, 200b ... parabolic antenna; 201, 201a, 201b, 301, 301a, 401, 401a, 501, 501a, 601, 601a, 701, 701a ... main reflector; 202 , 202a, 202b, 302, 302a, 403, 503, 603, 603a, 703, 703a ... Radiator; 300, 300a ... Offset parabolic antenna; 400, 400a ...
- Case Glen antenna 402, 402a, 502 , 502a, 602,602a, 702,702a ... Secondary reflector; 500,500a ... Offset casegren antenna; 600,600a ... Gregorian antenna; 700,700a ... Offset Gregorian antenna; 751,752.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- 電波を放射する放射器と、前記放射器から放射される電波を通信方向に反射する主反射鏡とを備える反射鏡アンテナにおいて、
前記主反射鏡の少なくとも一部に取り付けて前記主反射鏡の面積を増加させる拡張パネルと、
前記放射器の位置を変更する第1調整部、または前記放射器を放射角度の異なる放射器に取り換える第2調整部、と
を備えることを特徴とする反射鏡アンテナ。 - 請求項1に記載の反射鏡アンテナにおいて、
前記放射器と前記主反射鏡との間に副反射鏡をさらに備え、
前記副反射鏡を反射角度の異なる副反射鏡に取り換える第3調整部、または前記副反射鏡の少なくとも一部に取り付けて前記副反射鏡を拡張させる副拡張パネルを備えることを特徴とする反射鏡アンテナ。 - 請求項1に記載の反射鏡アンテナは、パラボラアンテナまたはオフセットパラボラアンテナであることを特徴とする反射鏡アンテナ。
- 請求項2に記載の反射鏡アンテナは、カセグレンアンテナ、オフセットカセグレンアンテナ、グレゴリアンアンテナ、オフセットグレゴリアンアンテナのいずれかであることを特徴とする反射鏡アンテナ。
- 電波を放射する放射器と、前記放射器から放射される電波を通信方向に反射する主反射鏡とを備える反射鏡アンテナにおけるアンテナ口径拡張方法であって、
前記主反射鏡の少なくとも一部に拡張パネルを取り付けて前記主反射鏡の面積を増加させるとともに、
前記放射器の位置の変更、または前記放射器を放射角度の異なる放射器への取り換え、
を行うことを特徴とするアンテナ口径拡張方法。 - 請求項5に記載のアンテナ口径拡張方法であって、
前記放射器と前記主反射鏡との間に副反射鏡をさらに備える場合、
前記副反射鏡を反射角度の異なる副反射鏡への取り換え、または前記副反射鏡の少なくとも一部に副拡張パネルの取り付け、を行うことを特徴とするアンテナ口径拡張方法。
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US18/039,560 US20240097344A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Reflector antenna and antenna aperture expansion method |
PCT/JP2020/045112 WO2022118446A1 (ja) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | 反射鏡アンテナおよびアンテナ口径拡張方法 |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6467004A (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-03-13 | Toshiba Corp | Antenna system |
JPH1127036A (ja) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | アンテナ装置 |
JP2006148274A (ja) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-06-08 | Kirmen Ben Ahmed Marzuki | 伸縮可能なパラボラアンテナ |
JP2014165754A (ja) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-09-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 指向特性可変アンテナ |
JP2019140508A (ja) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-03 US US18/039,560 patent/US20240097344A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-03 JP JP2022566590A patent/JPWO2022118446A1/ja active Pending
- 2020-12-03 WO PCT/JP2020/045112 patent/WO2022118446A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6467004A (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-03-13 | Toshiba Corp | Antenna system |
JPH1127036A (ja) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | アンテナ装置 |
JP2006148274A (ja) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-06-08 | Kirmen Ben Ahmed Marzuki | 伸縮可能なパラボラアンテナ |
JP2014165754A (ja) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-09-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 指向特性可変アンテナ |
JP2019140508A (ja) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
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