WO2022116818A1 - 一种非对称半潜式拆解平台 - Google Patents

一种非对称半潜式拆解平台 Download PDF

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WO2022116818A1
WO2022116818A1 PCT/CN2021/131055 CN2021131055W WO2022116818A1 WO 2022116818 A1 WO2022116818 A1 WO 2022116818A1 CN 2021131055 W CN2021131055 W CN 2021131055W WO 2022116818 A1 WO2022116818 A1 WO 2022116818A1
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small
submersible
pontoon
curve
column
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PCT/CN2021/131055
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建成
徐立新
吴海建
张建
唐文献
陈文科
陈伶翔
莫刚
Original Assignee
招商局重工（江苏）有限公司
江苏科技大学
招商局重工(深圳)有限公司
招商局海洋装备研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2022116818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116818A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/10—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/50—Vessels or floating structures for aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
    • B63B43/12—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using inboard air containers or inboard floating members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, in particular to an asymmetrical semi-submersible dismantling platform.
  • the semi-submersible platform is usually composed of an upper hull platform and a lower hull composed of two pontoons and uprights.
  • the upper hull deck is provided with equipment such as cranes for operation.
  • the two pontoons on the lower hull are symmetrically arranged, and the operating cranes are also symmetrically arranged at the stern of the platform. If a platform with a large lifting capacity adopts a symmetrical arrangement of pontoons and columns, the self-weight of the crane will easily reduce the stability of the platform.
  • some semi-submersible platforms have adopted the asymmetric design of the pontoon, and the two pontoons have different volumes. Ballast deployment is carried out to ensure the stability of the hull and enhance the lifting capacity of the platform.
  • the dismantling of offshore oil and gas platforms requires not only lifting and hoisting of the dismantled large components, but also transportation and recovery. In addition to the hoisting capacity, the dismantling platform also needs to improve the carrying capacity and transportation capacity of the platform.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a semi-submersible lifting and dismantling platform based on asymmetrical arrangement of floating boxes, with strong hoisting capacity, strong bearing capacity and large transportation capacity.
  • the present invention provides an asymmetrical semi-submersible dismantling platform, which includes an upper hull, a floating box and a column, the column is used to connect the upper hull and the floating box, and the floating box includes two unequal volumes.
  • the large floating box and the small floating box, the column includes two large columns located on one side below the bottom of the upper hull and two small columns located on the other side below the bottom of the upper hull; the large floating box and the two large columns Correspondingly connected, the small floating box is correspondingly connected with two small columns;
  • the top surface of the upper hull is set as a platform operation deck, and a plurality of cranes are arranged on the platform operation deck.
  • two parking pads for helicopter take-off and landing are installed on the side of the upper hull.
  • a platform living area is provided inside the upper hull.
  • the large column and the small column are respectively connected to the bottom of the upper hull through a transition arc surface.
  • curve equation of the lateral profile of the transition arc is a section of a parabola
  • parabola equation is:
  • propeller propellers are installed at the bottom of the large floating box, and two propeller propellers are installed at the bottom of the small floating box.
  • the cranes include two heavy-duty offshore cranes and two small cranes, the installation positions of the two heavy-duty offshore cranes are respectively arranged concentrically with the two large columns, and there are two in the upper hull.
  • the two ends of the curved bulkhead are respectively connected to the heavy marine crane and the large column.
  • the lateral profile of the surface of the large column, the lateral profile of the surface of the small column, the curved bulkhead and the curved profile of the base of the heavy offshore crane are all curved profiles, and the curve equation of the curved profile is:
  • a and b are shape parameters respectively, and the curve shape of the arc profile is jointly determined by the ratio b/a of the parameters a and b;
  • a and b are shape parameters respectively, and the curve shape of the lateral profile is jointly determined by the ratio b/a of the parameters a and b;
  • a and b are shape parameters respectively
  • the curve shape of the arc profile is jointly determined by the ratio b/a of the parameters a and b, the first radius of curvature is R 1 , and the second radius of curvature is R 2 ;
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: since the column, the crane base, the crane installation bulkhead and the surface of the floating box are all designed as positive Gaussian surfaces, and the crane base, the installation bulkhead and the column are designed as three-segment intersecting arc surfaces, the composite surface is realized. Force transmission, effectively improve the buoyancy of the pontoon, the carrying capacity of the platform hull, the operation capacity and the safety; the asymmetric arrangement of the pontoon and the column is adopted, and the principle of leverage is used to provide an asymmetric design method for large and small pontoons, thereby improving dismantling. Ballast efficiency, hoisting capacity and stability during platform hoisting operation; the design of the hidden living area can not only improve the living environment of the crew, but also significantly increase the open deck operating area.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the asymmetric semi-submersible dismantling platform in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a port side view of the platform shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a stern side view of the platform vessel shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a starboard side view of the platform shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the platform shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arc profile curve of the column, the floating box, the base of the heavy crane and the arc connecting bulkhead.
  • Figure 7 is the contour curve of the column and the arc connecting bulkhead.
  • Figure 8 is the contour curve of the base of the heavy crane.
  • Figure 9 is the lateral profile curve of the surface of the large pontoon.
  • Figure 10 is the lateral profile curve of the surface of the small pontoon.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the platform hoisting operation.
  • an asymmetrical semi-submersible dismantling platform is used to install the platform operation equipment. It includes an upper hull 1, a floating box 3 and a column 2, and the column 2 is used to connect the upper hull 1 and the floating box 3. Among them, the upper hull 1 is used as a work place, the column 2 is used to connect the upper hull 1 and the pontoon 3, the column 2 plays the role of supporting the upper hull 1, and the pontoon 3 is used to provide buoyancy and sailing power.
  • the top surface of the upper hull 1 is set as a platform operation deck 11, a plurality of cranes are arranged on the platform operation deck 11, two parking pads 14 for helicopter take-off and landing are installed on the side of the upper hull 1, and a platform living area is arranged inside the upper hull 1 15.
  • the left side is the stern of the hull, and the right side is the bow of the hull.
  • the platform living area 15 is arranged inside the upper hull 1 and is located under the working deck 11 of the hull bow.
  • the living area is hidden and arranged inside the hull, which significantly increases the
  • the operating area of the platform operating deck 11 increases the operating capacity of the platform, and at the same time, because the platform living area 15 is located in the non-operating area, the living conditions of the crew are also significantly improved.
  • two offshore heavy-duty cranes 12 are installed on the starboard side of the hull
  • small cranes are respectively installed on the middle of the starboard and starboard sides of the hull
  • two helipads 14 are installed on the port side of the upper hull 1 respectively.
  • the pontoon 3 includes two large pontoons 31 and small pontoons 32 that are different in volume and are located at the same height.
  • the upright 2 includes two large uprights 21 on the starboard side of the platform and two small uprights 22 on the port side of the platform.
  • the large uprights 21 and the small uprights 22 have the same height and different volumes.
  • the large floating box 31 is correspondingly connected with the two large columns 21
  • the small floating box 32 is correspondingly connected with the two small columns 22 .
  • the large column 21 is connected to the bottom of the upper hull 1 through the transition arc surface I212.
  • the small column 22 is connected with the bottom of the upper hull 1 through the transition arc II222.
  • the connection is provided with a flange structure for reinforcement.
  • the lateral contour curve equation of the transition arc surface I212 of the large column 21 and the transition arc surface II222 of the small column 22 is a section of a parabola, and the parabola equation is:
  • propeller thrusters 33 are installed at the bottom of the large pontoon 31 , and two propeller thrusters 33 are installed at the bottom of the small pontoon 32 to provide navigation power to the platform.
  • the interior of the upper hull 1 is provided with compartments of different volumes and different purposes, such as ballast tanks, living cabins, power cabins, etc., through partitions.
  • the cranes include two heavy-duty offshore cranes 12 and two small cranes 16 .
  • the installation positions of the two heavy-duty offshore cranes 12 are respectively arranged concentrically with the two large columns 21 , and there are two curved cabins in the upper hull 1 .
  • the two ends of the wall 13 and the curved bulkhead 13 are respectively connected to the heavy offshore crane 12 and the large column 21, and play the role of connection and support.
  • the surface lateral profile I211 of the large column 21, the surface lateral profile II221 of the small column 22, the curved bulkhead 13 for connecting the large column 21 to the base of the heavy crane 12, and the base curved profile 121 of the heavy offshore crane 12 are all An arc curve that is an arc profile.
  • a and b are shape parameters respectively
  • the shape of the curve profile is jointly determined by the ratio b/a of the parameters a and b, the first radius of curvature is R 1 , and the second radius of curvature is R 2 .
  • the long axis of the arc profile curve is x e and the short axis is r 0 , where:
  • the large column 21, the small column 22, the curved bulkhead 13 and the base of the heavy offshore crane 12 are arranged at the same axial position, and the surfaces of the three are designed with curved surfaces, which can form a composite force transmission in the axial direction, which greatly enhances the The bearing capacity of the large column 21 and the small column 22 is improved, and the working stability of the heavy offshore crane 12 is improved, thereby significantly improving the lifting capacity of the dismantling platform.
  • a curve segment from x 2 to x 1 is intercepted, that is, a segment of the curve in black and bold in the figure, as the base surface contour 121 of the heavy offshore crane 12 .
  • the curve is symmetrical about the x-axis to form a closed curve, and the curve segment from -x 1 to x 1 and located in the region r ⁇ 0, that is, a segment of the curve in the thin line in the figure, is cut out and removed. , and the remaining part of the curve is used as the lateral profile 312 of the surface of the large floating box 31 .
  • the curve is symmetrical about the x-axis, forming a closed curve, and the curve segment from -x 1 to x 1 and located in the region of r ⁇ 0, that is, a segment of the curve in the thin line in the figure, is cut out and removed. , and the remaining part of the curve is used as the lateral profile 322 of the surface of the small floating box 32 .
  • the lateral contours of the surfaces of the large and small pontoons 31 and 32 are designed as the above curves, which can effectively increase the volume of the large and small pontoons and increase their buoyancy, thereby helping to increase the maximum hoisting weight of the platform.
  • the dismantling platform is of asymmetric structure design, and according to the "lever principle", corresponding design methods can be proposed for the design of the platform's large and small floating boxes:
  • the heavy hoist 12 hoisted a heavy object with a mass of m suspended on the starboard side of the platform, the center of mass of the platform is located at point O, and F 1 and F 2 are the large pontoon 31 and the small pontoon, respectively. 32 is subjected to buoyancy.
  • the large pontoon 31 is used as the fulcrum.
  • F 1 ⁇ water gV 1
  • F 2 ⁇ water gV 2
  • V 1 and V 2 are the volumes of the large floating tank 31 and the small floating tank 32 respectively, and since the lengths of the two floating tanks are the same, it can be concluded that :
  • S 1 and S 2 are the cross-sectional areas of the large floating box 31 and the small floating box 32 respectively. According to the cross-sectional contour curves of the large and small floating boxes 31 and 32 shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, it can be obtained respectively:
  • the cross-sectional profile curve equation of the large floating box 31 is:
  • the cross-sectional profile curve equation of the small floating box 32 is:
  • the buoyancy relationship of the large and small pontoons and the shape parameters of the cross-sectional profile of the pontoon can be determined according to the above three formulas, so as to ensure that the platform can operate under operating conditions. overall stability.

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Abstract

一种非对称半潜式拆解平台，包括上船体（1）、浮箱（3）和立柱（2），立柱（2）用于连接上船体（1）和浮箱（3），浮箱（3）包括大浮箱（31）与小浮箱（32），立柱（2）包括大立柱（21）和小立柱（22）；大浮箱（31）与两根大立柱（21）对应连接，小浮箱（32）与两根小立柱（22）对应连接；上船体（1）顶部表面设为平台作业甲板（11），平台作业甲板（11）上设有吊机（12、16），上船体（1）侧面安装有停机坪（14），上船体（1）内设有平台生活区（15）。

Description

一种非对称半潜式拆解平台 技术领域
本发明涉及海洋工程装备技术领域，尤其涉及一种非对称半潜式拆解平台。
背景技术
随着海洋环境保护的提倡，海上油气开采行业法规的出台，国内外许多4000吨以上的老旧海上平台需要进行拆解回收，市场空间非常广阔。半潜式起重拆解平台作为专业拆解装备，需具备优于常规起重平台的作业范围、最大承载以及作业效率，我国尚无海上平台的专业拆解平台。
半潜式平台通常由上船体平台与由两个浮箱与立柱构成的下船体构成，上船体甲板上设置用于作业的起重机等设备。常规半潜式起重平台，下船体两浮箱采用对称布置，作业用起重机同样对称布置于平台艉部。若起吊能力较大的平台采用对称布置浮箱和立柱，起重机的自重容易会造成平台稳定性降低。为解决上述问题，目前已有一些半潜式平台采用浮箱非对称设计，两浮箱体积不等，大型起重机均安装于大浮箱一侧，在吊装作业过程中，利用船体的非对称形式进行压载调配，以保证船体的稳定性，提升平台起吊能力。
海上油气平台拆解，不仅需对拆解的大型构件进行起重吊装作业，还需进行运输回收，拆解平台除了具有吊装能力以外，还需要提升平台的承载能力及运输容量。
发明内容
为解决上述缺陷，本发明的目的是在于提供一种基于浮箱非对称布置的、吊装能力强、承载力强、运输容量大的半潜式起重拆解平台。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种非对称半潜式拆解平台，包括上船体、浮箱和立柱，所述立柱用于连接上船体和浮箱，所述浮箱包括两个体积不等的大浮箱与小浮箱，所述立柱包括位于上船体底部下方一侧的两根大立柱和位于上船体底部下方另一侧的两根小立柱；所述大浮箱与两根大立柱对应连接，所述小浮箱与两根小立柱对应连接；所述上船体顶部表面设为平台作业甲板，所述平台作业甲板上设有多台吊机。
进一步地，所述上船体侧面安装有用于直升机起降的两座停机坪。
进一步地，所述上船体内部设有平台生活区。
进一步地，所述大立柱与小立柱分别通过过渡弧面与上船体底部相连。
进一步地，所述过渡弧面侧向轮廓的曲线方程为抛物线中的一段，所述抛物线方程为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000001
(-m＜x＜0或0＜x＜m)。
进一步地，所述大浮箱底部位置安装有四台螺旋桨推进器，所述小浮箱底部位置安装有两台螺旋桨推进器。
进一步地，所述吊机包括两座重型海上吊机和两座小型吊机，两座所述重型海上吊机的安装位置分别与两根大立柱同轴心设置，所述上船体内有两个弧面舱壁，所述弧面舱壁的两端分别连接重型海上吊机与大立柱。
进一步地，所述大立柱的表面侧向轮廓、小立柱表面侧向轮廓、弧面舱壁以及重型海上吊机的底座曲面轮廓均为弧形轮廓，所述弧形轮廓的曲线方程为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000002
其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述弧形轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定；
所述弧形轮廓曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000004
进一步地，所述大浮箱和小浮箱的表面横向轮廓的曲线方程分别为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000005
其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述横向轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定；
所述横向轮廓的曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000007
进一步地，所述大浮箱和小浮箱的横截面轮廓的曲线方程分别为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000008
其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述弧形轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定，其第一曲率半径为R 1，第二曲率半径为R 2；
所述弧形轮廓曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000010
本发明的有益效果：由于立柱、吊机底座、吊机安装舱壁以及浮箱表面均设计为正高斯曲面，且吊机底座、安装舱壁与立柱设计为三段交接弧面设计，实现复合传力，有效提升浮箱浮力，平台船体承载能力、作业能力以及安全性；采用浮箱及立柱非对称布置，利用杠杆原理，提供一种大、小浮箱非对称设计方法，从而提升拆解平台吊装作业过程中的压载效率、吊装能力以及稳定性；隐藏式生活区的设计，不仅可以改善船员居住环境，同时显著增大开敞甲板作业面积。
附图说明
图1为本发明中非对称半潜式拆解平台的立体结构示意图。
图2为图1中所示平台左舷侧视图。
图3为图1中所示平台船艉侧视图。
图4为图1中所示平台右舷侧视图。
图5为图1中所示平台顶部视图。
图6为立柱、浮箱、重型吊机底座及弧形连接舱壁的弧形轮廓曲线示意图。
图7为立柱及弧形连接舱壁的轮廓曲线。
图8为重型吊机底座的轮廓曲线。
图9为大浮箱表面横向轮廓曲线。
图10为小浮箱表面横向轮廓曲线。
图11为平台吊装作业示意图。
其中：1、上船体，2、立柱，3、浮箱，11、平台作业甲板，12、重型海上吊机，13、弧面舱壁，14、停机坪，15、平台生活区，16、小型吊机，121、底座曲面轮廓，21、大立柱，22、小立柱，211、表面侧向轮廓Ⅰ，212、过渡弧面Ⅰ，221、表面侧向轮廓Ⅱ，222、过渡弧面Ⅱ，31、大浮箱，32、小浮箱，33、螺旋桨推进器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，通过示例性的实施例对本发明进行具体描述，详细描述本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1-5所示，一种非对称半潜式拆解平台，用于安装所述平台作业装备。包括上船体1、浮箱3和立柱2，立柱2用于连接上船体1和浮箱3。其中，上船体1作为作业场所，立柱2用于连接上船体1和浮箱3，立柱2起到支撑上船体1的作用，浮箱3用于提供浮力及航行动力。
上船体1顶部表面设为平台作业甲板11，平台作业甲板11上设有多台吊机，上船体1侧面安装有用于直升机起降的两座停机坪14，上船体1内部设有平台生活区15。图2中左侧为船体艉部，右侧为船体艏部，平台生活区15设置于上船体1内部，位于船体艏部作业甲板11之下，将生活区隐藏设置于船体内部，显著增加了平台作业甲板11的作业面积，提高了平台作业容量，同时因为平台生活区15位于非作业区域，对船员的生活条件也有明显改善。如图5所示，作业平台11上，两台海上重型吊机12均安装于船体右舷，小型吊机分别安装于船体左右舷中部位置，两座直升机停机坪14分别安装于上船体1左舷。
浮箱3包括两个体积不等、所处位置高度一致的大浮箱31与小浮箱32。立柱2包括位于平台右舷的两根大立柱21，和位于平台左舷的两根小立柱22，大立柱21和小立柱22高度一致，体积不等。大浮箱31与两根大立柱21对应连接，小浮箱32与两根小立柱22对应连接。大立柱21通过过渡弧面Ⅰ212与上船体1底部相连。小立柱22通过过渡弧面Ⅱ222与上船体1底部相连。连接处设置有凸缘结构用以加强。
大立柱21的过渡弧面Ⅰ212以及小立柱22的过渡弧面Ⅱ222的侧向轮廓曲线方程为抛物线中的一段，该抛物线方程为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000011
(-m＜x＜0或0＜x＜m)。
大浮箱31底部位置安装有四台螺旋桨推进器33，小浮箱32底部位置安装有两台螺旋桨推进器33，用于给平台提供航行动力。
上船体1内部通过隔板设置有不同体积、不同用途的舱室，如压载舱，生活舱，动力舱等。
吊机包括两座重型海上吊机12和两座小型吊机16，两座重型海上吊机12的安装位置分别与两根大立柱21同轴心设置，上船体1内有两个弧面舱壁13，弧面舱壁13的两端分别连接重型海上吊机12与大立柱21，起到连接与支撑的作用。
大立柱21的表面侧向轮廓Ⅰ211、小立柱22的表面侧向轮廓Ⅱ221、用于连接大立 柱21与重型吊机12底座的弧面舱壁13以及重型海上吊机12的底座曲面轮廓121均为弧形轮廓的弧形曲线。
如图6所示，该弧形轮廓的弧形曲线方程为：
该弧形轮廓方程为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000012
该弧形轮廓方程变形后为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000013
其中a、b分别为形状参数，曲线轮廓形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定，其第一曲率半径为R 1，第二曲率半径为R 2。
弧形轮廓曲线长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000015
如图7所示，为大立柱21的表面侧向轮廓Ⅰ211、小立柱22的表面侧向轮廓Ⅱ221以及用于连接大立柱21与重型海上吊机12底座的弧面舱壁13的曲线方程，其中＝0.45，则曲线对应方程即为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000016
其对应长轴x e、短轴r 0分别为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000018
如图7中所示，截取从-x 1至x 1的曲线，即图中黑色加粗的一段曲线，作为大立柱21的表面侧向轮廓Ⅰ211、小立柱22的表面侧向轮廓Ⅱ221及连接大立柱21与重型海上吊机12底座的弧面舱壁13。
将大立柱21、小立柱22、弧面舱壁13以及重型海上吊机12底座设置于同一轴线位置，且三者表面均采用弧面设计，可以在轴向形成复合传力，极大的增强了大立柱21、小 立柱22的承载能力，提升了重型海上吊机12的工作稳定性，从而显著提高拆解平台的吊重能力。
如图8所示，图中曲线为重型海上吊机12的底座曲面轮廓121的曲线方程，其中b/a＝0.45则曲线对应方程即为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000019
其对应长轴x e、短轴r 0分别为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000021
如图8中所示，截取从x 2至x 1的曲线段，即图中黑色加粗的一段曲线，作为重型海上吊机12的底座曲面轮廓121。
如图9所示，图中曲线为大浮箱31表面横向轮廓312的曲线方程，其中b/a＝0.63，则曲线对应方程即为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000022
其对应长轴x e、短轴r 0分别为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000024
如图9中所示，曲线关于x轴对称，形成封闭曲线，截取出从-x 1至x 1，且位于r<0区域的曲线段，即图中细线部分的一段曲线，将其去除，剩下部分曲线作为所述大浮箱31的表面横向轮廓312。
如图10所示，图中曲线为小浮箱32表面横向轮廓322的曲线方程，其中b/a＝0.35，则曲线对应方程即为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000025
其对应长轴x e、短轴r 0分别为：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000027
如图10中所示，曲线关于x轴对称，形成封闭曲线，截取出从-x 1至x 1，且位于r<0区域的曲线段，即图中细线部分的一段曲线，将其去除，剩下部分曲线作为所述小浮箱32的表面横向轮廓322。将大、小浮箱31、32表面横向轮廓设计为上述曲线，有效提高增加大、小浮箱的体积，提升其浮力，从而有助于提高平台的最大吊重重量。
所述拆解平台为非对称式结构设计，根据“杠杆原理”可对所述平台大、小浮箱的设计提出相应的设计方法：
如图11所示，在吊装过程中，重型吊机12吊装质量为m的重物悬于平台右舷外，平台质心位于O点处，F 1和F 2分别为大浮箱31、小浮箱32所受浮力。利用“杠杆原理”，以大浮箱31为支点，为保证船体平衡，需确保支点两侧即大浮箱31两侧受力平衡，两侧竖直方向合力∑F及合力矩∑M为0：
∑F＝0：F 1+F 2＝G+mg
∑M＝0：Gl 1＝F 2(l 1+l 2)+mgl 3
由以上两式可推出F 1与F 2的关系：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000028
其中：F 1＝ρ 水gV 1，F 2＝ρ 水gV 2，V 1、V 2分别为大浮箱31、小浮箱32的体积，且由于两浮箱长度相同，由此可得出：
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000029
其中S 1、S 2分别为大浮箱31、小浮箱32的横截面面积。根据图9、图10所示的大、小浮箱31、32的横截面轮廓曲线，可以分别得出：
大浮箱31的横截面轮廓曲线方程为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000030
小浮箱32的横截面轮廓曲线方程为
Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-000031
在大、小浮箱31、32非对称布置的设计中，可根据以上三式确定大、小浮箱所受浮力关系及浮箱横截面轮廓曲线的形状参数，从而保证平台在作业工况下的整体稳定性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种非对称半潜式拆解平台，包括上船体、浮箱和立柱，所述立柱用于连接上船体和浮箱，其特征在于：所述浮箱包括两个体积不等的大浮箱与小浮箱，所述立柱包括位于上船体底部下方一侧的两根大立柱和位于上船体底部下方另一侧的两根小立柱；所述大浮箱与两根大立柱对应连接，所述小浮箱与两根小立柱对应连接；所述上船体顶部表面设为平台作业甲板，所述平台作业甲板上设有多台吊机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述上船体侧面安装有用于直升机起降的两座停机坪。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述上船体内部设有平台生活区。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述大立柱与小立柱分别通过过渡弧面与上船体底部相连。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述过渡弧面侧向轮廓的曲线方程为抛物线中的一段，所述抛物线方程为：
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100001
    (-m＜x＜0或0＜x＜m)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述大浮箱底部位置安装有四台螺旋桨推进器，所述小浮箱底部位置安装有两台螺旋桨推进器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述吊机包括两座重型海上吊机和两座小型吊机，两座所述重型海上吊机的安装位置分别与两根大立柱同轴心设置，所述上船体内有两个弧面舱壁，所述弧面舱壁的两端分别连接重型海上吊机与大立柱。
  8. 根据权利要求1或7所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述大立柱的表面侧向轮廓、小立柱表面侧向轮廓、弧面舱壁以及重型海上吊机的底座曲面轮廓均为弧形轮廓，所述弧形轮廓的曲线方程为
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100002
    其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述弧形轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定；
    所述弧形轮廓曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100004
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述大浮箱和小浮箱的表面横向轮廓的曲线方程分别为
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100005
    其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述横向轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定；
    所述横向轮廓的曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100007
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的非对称半潜式拆解平台，其特征在于：所述大浮箱和小浮箱的横截面轮廓的曲线方程分别为
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100008
    其中a、b分别为形状参数，所述弧形轮廓的曲线形状由参数a、b的比值b/a共同决定，其第一曲率半径为R 1，第二曲率半径为R 2；
    所述弧形轮廓曲线方程的长轴为x e，短轴为r 0，其中：
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2021131055-appb-100010
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