WO2022116482A1

WO2022116482A1 - Tunnel heading method

Info

Publication number: WO2022116482A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/095744
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王海军; 王梁; 王洪磊; 刘少权; 赵建; 孟繁悦; 朱伟; 闫兴伟; 任道远; 张俊升; 孟建新; 杨晓辉
Original assignee: 煤炭科学研究总院
Priority date: 2020-12-04
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2022-06-09
Also published as: CN112593961A

Abstract

A tunnel heading method, the method comprising: controlling a heading unit (1) to perform heading operation, and controlling a temporary supporting device (2) to perform temporary supporting operation; when the temporary supporting distance reaches a preset distance threshold, controlling the heading unit (1) to stop the heading operation; and performing long-term supporting operation on the tunnel after ventilation and dust settling at the working face where the heading unit (1) stops and safety confirmation. In the present method, the heading operation and the supporting operation are separated in space and time, such that tunnel heading can be carried out by time and sections, thereby preventing workers from working in extreme severe environments, lowering the risk of relevant employees suffering from occupational diseases, and reducing the deaths due to occupational diseases.

Description

Roadway excavation method

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application number "202011407904.8" filed by the General Research Institute of Coal Science on December 04, 2020, with the invention titled "Roadway Excavation Method".

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of mining, and in particular, to a roadway excavation method.

Background technique

In related technologies, the mechanized excavation of mine roadways generally adopts the excavation and support excavation method. The roadway working face requires a large number of workers to work together at the same time. These workers are all in an extremely harsh working environment, which seriously threatens the health of workers. Occurrence of various occupational diseases, such as pneumoconiosis, deafness, skin diseases, rheumatism, nervous system diseases, etc. The number of deaths due to occupational diseases has far exceeded the number of accident deaths every year.

Application content

The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

Therefore, the present application proposes a roadway excavation method to protect the health of workers, reduce the risk of workers suffering from occupational diseases, and reduce the number of deaths due to occupational diseases.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a roadway excavation method, including: controlling the excavation unit to perform the excavation operation, and controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation; when the temporary support distance reaches a preset distance When the distance threshold is reached, the tunneling unit is controlled to stop the tunneling operation; after the shutdown working face of the tunneling unit is ventilated and dust-reduced and safety is determined, the roadway is supported for a long time.

In the roadway excavation method provided by the embodiment of the present application, when the excavation unit is controlled to perform the excavation operation, the temporary support device is controlled to perform the temporary support operation, and when the temporary support distance reaches a preset distance threshold, the excavation unit is controlled to stop the excavation operation, After the tunneling unit is shut down for ventilation and dust reduction and safety is determined, the roadway is supported for a long time. Being in an extremely harsh working environment reduces the risk of occupational diseases for workers and reduces the number of deaths due to occupational diseases.

In addition, the tunnel excavation method according to the above embodiments of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present application, the roadway excavation method further includes: after the long-term support operation is completed, returning to the control excavation unit to perform the excavation operation, and controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation step.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the tunnel excavation method further includes: controlling the ore material transport system to transport the ore material excavated by the tunneling unit to a transfer device; and controlling the transfer device to transport the ore material out of the tunnel.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the temporary support device is arranged on the body of the tunneling unit or the body of the temporary support machine.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the temporary support device includes a temporary scaffold installation arm and a temporary support scaffold; the controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation includes: controlling the temporary scaffold installation arm One of the temporary support scaffolds is installed every set distance.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the installation of one of the temporary support scaffolds includes: unfolding the temporary support scaffold in a retracted state; and installing the temporary support scaffold in the unfolded state.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the roadway excavation method further includes: after the permanent support operation of the corresponding area of the temporary support scaffold is completed, loading the temporary support scaffold onto the body of the tunneling unit Or on the body of the temporary support machine.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the long-term support operation for the roadway includes: using a manual method to perform the long-term support operation for the roadway; or, controlling the long-term support equipment to perform the long-term support operation for the roadway.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the ore material transportation system includes: a crushing transfer device and a retractable continuous transfer device; the control ore material transportation system transports the ore material excavated by the tunneling unit to the transfer equipment, including: The crushing and transferring device is controlled to crush the ore material excavated by the tunneling unit; the continuous transferring device is controlled to transport the crushed ore material to the transferring equipment.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the roadway excavation method further includes: when the excavation unit performs the excavation operation, setting a temporary partition wall behind the temporary support area.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth, in part, in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or learned by practice of the present application.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

1 is a schematic diagram of a working scene of a roadway excavation system according to an embodiment of the application;

2 is a schematic flowchart of a roadway excavation method according to an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 3 is the scene schematic diagram of the temporary support operation performed by the temporary support device;

4 is a schematic flowchart of a roadway excavation method according to another embodiment of the present application;

Reference number:

1- Tunneling unit, 2- Temporary support device, 21- Temporary scaffold installation arm, 22- Temporary support scaffold, 3- Mineral material transport system, 31- Crushing transfer device, 32- Continuous transfer device, 4- Temporary Shelving shipping rack.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the application will be more thoroughly understood, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.

According to statistics from the National Health and Medical Commission, by the end of 2018, the cumulative number of occupational cases reported nationwide exceeded 970,000, ranking first in the world, most of which were concentrated among mine workers. In mines, especially the excavation working face of mines has a harsh environment. Dust, heat damage, noise and toxic and harmful gases form the "four hazards", which seriously threaten the health of workers and lead to the occurrence of various occupational diseases, such as pneumoconiosis, deafness, skin diseases, Rheumatism, nervous system diseases, etc., the number of deaths due to occupational diseases has far exceeded the number of accident deaths every year.

In related technologies, the mechanized excavation of mine roadways generally adopts the excavation and support excavation method. The roadway working face requires a large number of workers to work together at the same time. These workers are all in an extremely harsh working environment, which seriously threatens the health of workers. Occurrence of various occupational diseases, such as pneumoconiosis, deafness, skin diseases, rheumatism, nervous system diseases, etc., the number of deaths due to occupational diseases every year has far exceeded the number of accident deaths.

In order to reduce the risk of occupational diseases for workers at the mine tunneling face, the embodiment of the present application proposes a subsection and time-sharing tunneling method. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a working scene of a roadway excavation system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the excavation roadway is segmented and divided into the excavation section (ie the cutting area), the temporary support section (ie the temporary support area), and the permanent support section (ie the permanent support area). The roadway may be a coal mine roadway or the like, which is not limited in this application. The excavation section is the excavation work area of the excavation unit 1 such as roadheader, bolter, continuous shearer and other excavation equipment; the temporary support section is the temporary support area for the temporary support device 2 to implement rapid unmanned temporary support; long-term support The section is the area that requires long-term support treatment by staff, such as bolting, anchoring cables, tightening protective nets, etc. Work on a time-sharing basis on the basis of the above subsections.

The tunnel excavation method of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a roadway excavation method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the tunnel excavation method of the embodiment of the present application may specifically include the following steps:

S201 , controlling the tunneling unit to perform the tunneling operation, and controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation.

S202, when the temporary support distance reaches a preset distance threshold, control the excavation unit to stop the excavation operation.

S203, after the shutdown face of the excavation unit is ventilated and dust-reduced and safety is determined, long-term support operation is performed on the roadway.

Specifically, when the tunneling unit performs the tunneling operation, only the temporary support device is controlled to perform the unmanned temporary support operation. When the temporary support distance reaches the preset distance threshold, the tunneling unit is controlled to stop the tunneling operation. After the working face of the tunneling unit is stopped to ventilate and reduce dust and determine safety, the workers enter the working face and carry out long-term support operations on the roadway. The excavation avoids the staff from being in an extremely bad working environment, reduces the risk of occupational diseases for the staff, and reduces the number of deaths due to occupational diseases.

Wherein, the "permanent support operation on the roadway" in step S203 may specifically include: using a manual method to perform the long-term support operation on the roadway; or, controlling the long-term support equipment to perform the long-term support operation on the roadway. The support form may be various existing support forms such as bolt anchor cable support, concrete forming support, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

In the roadway excavation method provided by the embodiment of the present application, when the excavation unit is controlled to perform the excavation operation, the temporary support device is controlled to perform the temporary support operation, and when the temporary support distance reaches a preset distance threshold, the excavation unit is controlled to stop the excavation operation, After the shutdown face of the tunneling unit is ventilated and dusted and the safety is determined, long-term support operations are carried out on the roadway. Being in an extremely harsh working environment reduces the risk of occupational diseases for workers and reduces the number of deaths due to occupational diseases. Through the time-sharing and unmanned temporary support of excavation, the efficiency of support work can be greatly improved, the problem of unmatched progress of excavation and support work in roadway excavation can be completely solved, and the efficiency of roadway excavation can be greatly improved. Through the time-sharing and unmanned temporary support of tunneling, the tunnel can be supported along with the tunnel, effectively shortening the distance between the empty roof (the distance without support in the tunneling section), and reducing the occurrence of roadway disasters such as roof fall and gangway to the greatest extent. to reduce security risks.

Further, the tunnel excavation method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: after the long-term support operation is completed, returning to control the excavation unit to perform the excavation operation, and controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation.

Specifically, after completing the long-term support operation for the roadway, the staff withdraws from the working face, and then continues the above S201 to control the excavation unit to carry out the excavation operation, and control the temporary support device to carry out the temporary support operation steps. In this way, the excavation operation and the support operation can be separated from space and time, realizing the time-sharing and segmented roadway excavation, avoiding the staff from being in an extremely harsh working environment, reducing the risk of occupational diseases for the staff, and reducing the risk of occupational diseases. And the death toll.

It should be noted here that while the staff performs long-term support operations on the roadway, they can also make preparations for the next excavation and unmanned temporary support operations, and then withdraw from the working face.

Further, the tunnel excavation method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: when the excavation unit performs the excavation operation, setting a temporary partition wall behind the temporary support area.

Specifically, according to the layout of the roadway environment, dust removal, transportation and other equipment, a temporary partition wall can be set up behind the temporary support area of the roadway, so as to isolate the dust, noise and toxic and harmful gases when the tunneling unit is working, so as to facilitate the staff. Carry out other related work operations behind the wall.

Further, the tunnel excavation method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: controlling the ore material transportation system to transport the ore material excavated by the tunneling unit to the transfer equipment; and controlling the transfer equipment to transport the ore material to the outside of the tunnel.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the tunneling unit 1 is connected to a retractable mineral material transportation system 3 , and when the tunneling unit 1 performs the tunneling operation, the mineral material transporting system 3 is controlled to continuously uninterrupted the mineral material excavated by the tunneling unit 1 It is transported from the excavation section to the rear transfer equipment, and the transfer equipment is controlled to transport the ore material to the outside of the roadway.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the mineral material transportation system 3 may specifically include: a crushing transfer device 31 and a retractable continuous transfer device 32 . Correspondingly, the above-mentioned step "controlling the mineral material transport system to transport the mineral material excavated by the tunneling unit to the transfer equipment" may specifically include: controlling the crushing and transferring device 31 to crush the mineral material excavated by the tunneling unit 1; controlling the continuous transfer device 32 to The crushed ore material is transported to the transfer equipment.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the temporary support device 2 and the excavation unit 1 may be integrally provided, that is, the temporary support device 2 may be provided on the body of the excavation unit 1 . Those skilled in the art can understand that the temporary support device 2 and the tunneling unit 1 may also be provided separately, that is, the temporary support device 2 may also be provided on the body of the temporary support machine behind the tunneling unit 1 .

Wherein, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the temporary support device 2 may specifically include a temporary scaffold installation arm 21 and a temporary support scaffold 22 . Correspondingly, the "controlling the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation" in the above step S201 may specifically include: controlling the temporary scaffold installation arm 21 to install a temporary support scaffold 22 every set distance. Wherein, the temporary support scaffold 22 can be retracted and unfolded, and the above-mentioned steps of "installing a temporary support scaffold 22" may specifically include: unfolding the temporary support scaffold 22 in the retracted state; installing the temporary support scaffold 22 in the unfolded state Shelving 22.

Further, the roadway excavation method of the embodiment of the present application may further include: after the permanent support operation of the corresponding area of the temporary support scaffold 22 is completed, loading the temporary support scaffold 22 onto the body of the tunneling unit 1 or temporarily support it. on the body of the machine.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the front part of the excavation unit 1 is fixedly provided with a temporary scaffold installation arm 21 and a temporary scaffold transport frame 4 . The temporary scaffolding transport frame 4 is responsible for carrying and transporting the temporary supporting scaffolding 22 in a retracted state. As the tunneling unit 1 is excavating in the roadway, the temporary scaffold installation arm 21 is controlled to install a temporary support scaffold 22 every set distance, for example, 1 meter. During installation, the temporary scaffold installation arm 21 first unfolds the temporary support scaffold 22 in the retracted state through its mechanical arm and hydraulic or pneumatic device, and then installs the temporary support scaffold 22 in the unfolded state at the corresponding position. In this way, a temporary support is formed for the roadway to prevent the occurrence of accidents such as roof fall and gangway. While the workers perform long-term support operations on the roadway, the temporary support scaffolding 22 in the unfolded state can also be stowed, and the temporary supporting scaffolding 22 in the retracted state can be loaded to the excavation through the temporary scaffolding transport frame 4 On the body of unit 1, make preparations for the next excavation and unmanned temporary support operation.

The tunnel excavation method of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below by taking the setting of 40 temporary support scaffolds 22 as an example.

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a roadway excavation method according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the roadway excavation method of this embodiment may specifically include the following steps:

S401, control the excavation unit to perform excavation operation, and install a temporary support scaffold every 1 meter along with the excavation of the excavation unit.

S402, when all the 40 temporary support scaffolds are installed, the excavation distance and the temporary support distance are 40 meters, and the excavation unit is controlled to stop the excavation operation.

S403, after the shutdown working face of the excavation unit is ventilated and dust-removed and safety is determined, the staff enters the working face to carry out long-term support operations for the roadway.

S404, after the long-term support operation in the corresponding area of the temporary support scaffold is completed, the temporary support scaffold is loaded onto the body of the tunneling unit or the body of the temporary support machine through the temporary scaffold shipping frame.

S405, after the long-term support operation is completed, withdraw from the working face, and continue to step S401.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated devices or elements. It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly stated and defined, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features indirectly through an intermediary touch. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations to the present application. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims

A roadway excavation method, characterized in that, comprising:

Control the excavation unit to carry out the excavation operation, and control the temporary support device to carry out the temporary support operation;

When the temporary support distance reaches a preset distance threshold, controlling the tunneling unit to stop the tunneling operation;

After the shutdown working face of the excavation unit is ventilated and dust-removed and safety is determined, long-term support work is carried out on the roadway.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising:

After the long-term support operation is completed, the control excavation unit is returned to carry out the excavation operation, and the temporary support device is controlled to carry out the temporary support operation steps.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising:

Controlling the ore material transportation system to transport the ore material excavated by the tunneling unit to the transfer equipment;

The transfer equipment is controlled to transport the ore material out of the tunnel.
The roadway excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary support device is arranged on the body of the tunneling unit or the body of the temporary support machine.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary support device comprises a temporary scaffold installation arm and a temporary support scaffold; and the control of the temporary support device to perform the temporary support operation includes:

The temporary scaffold installation arm is controlled to install one of the temporary support scaffolds every set distance.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 5, wherein the installing one of the temporary support scaffolds comprises:

unfolding the temporary support scaffold in a retracted state;

Install the temporary support scaffolding in the deployed state.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, further comprising:

After the permanent support operation of the corresponding area of the temporary support scaffold is completed, the temporary support scaffold is loaded onto the body of the tunneling unit or the body of the temporary support machine.
The roadway excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the long-term support operation for the roadway comprises:

Long-term support of the roadway by manual means; or,

Control the long-term support equipment to carry out long-term support operations on the roadway.
The roadway excavation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the ore material transport system comprises: a crushing transfer device and a retractable continuous transfer device; Shipping to transfer equipment, including:

Controlling the crushing and transferring device to crush the ore excavated by the tunneling unit;

The continuous transfer device is controlled to transport the crushed ore material to the transfer equipment.
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, further comprising:

When the tunneling unit performs the tunneling operation, a temporary partition wall is set behind the temporary support area.