WO2022112110A1 - Thin metal sheet made from aluminium alloy with high ductility - Google Patents

Thin metal sheet made from aluminium alloy with high ductility Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022112110A1
WO2022112110A1 PCT/EP2021/082244 EP2021082244W WO2022112110A1 WO 2022112110 A1 WO2022112110 A1 WO 2022112110A1 EP 2021082244 W EP2021082244 W EP 2021082244W WO 2022112110 A1 WO2022112110 A1 WO 2022112110A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
thin sheet
sheet according
aluminum
equal
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Application number
PCT/EP2021/082244
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mathilde BOUCHARD
Emilie LAE
Christophe Sigli
Original Assignee
Constellium Rolled Products Singen Gmbh & Co.Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Constellium Rolled Products Singen Gmbh & Co.Kg filed Critical Constellium Rolled Products Singen Gmbh & Co.Kg
Priority to EP21806772.6A priority Critical patent/EP4251779A1/en
Publication of WO2022112110A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022112110A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of thin sheets of highly ductile aluminum alloy, in particular for producing decorative parts such as, for example, interior parts of motor vehicles.
  • the invention relates more particularly to aluminum alloy sheets of the AA5xxx series, the composition and transformation process of which are particularly suited to this type of application and which have excellent ductility.
  • Aluminum alloys are commonly used in the manufacture of decorative parts, in particular for the automotive industry, but also in the household appliances or medical equipment industries, in competition with wood, steel and plastics.
  • interior finishing elements are produced, for example for the central console, such as the dashboard, the trim of the gear box, the door handles, the interior decorative strips, the body belts and exterior finishing elements such as, in particular, window surrounds, body or door side moldings, tailgate trim strips, radiator grille trim and bumper strips.
  • These products can undergo a surface treatment such as in particular anodizing, varnishing and/or lacquering.
  • AA5005 aluminum alloy rolled products with different heat treatment states are widely used in conductors, kitchen utensils, dashboards, architectural decorations, building materials, vehicle interior and exterior materials, etc. .
  • International patent application WO2014203077 relates to a process for manufacturing an outer molding ring of a motor vehicle, in particular such as a window frame or a body molding, in aluminum alloy, by shaping and polishing a sheet or strip produced by continuous vertical casting of a AA5xxx series high-purity alloy sheet, sheet homogenization-reheating, hot rolling, cooling, cold rolling with intermediate annealing in a continuous flow furnace, or holding between solvus temperature and combustion temperature of the alloy typically for B s to 5 min., quenching in air or water, and optionally annealing at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C.
  • This application also relates to a casting ring of a motor vehicle manufactured using such a process.
  • Patent US4715901 describes aluminum alloys of the 1XXX and 5XXX type comprising 0.01 to 0.08% chromium or manganese, preferably both.
  • Patent US3793089 describes an alloy comprising 0.05-0.20% silicon, 0.15-0.40% iron, 0.15-0.30% copper, 0.10-0.30% manganese, 0.6-1.0% magnesium, 0.04-0.12% chromium and the balance aluminum.
  • the product when full color anodized, forms an anodic coating having a color ranging from gold to black within a commercially acceptable thickness range.
  • Patent application CN107805746A describes a rolled product in aluminum alloy 5005H34, of composition in mass percentage: Si less than or equal to 0.2%, Fe less than or equal to 0.55%, Cu less than or equal to 0.15 %, Mn less than or equal to 0.2%, Mg 0.75 to 1.0%, Cr less than or equal to 0.1%, Zn less than or equal to 0.2% e Ti, 0.01 to 0, 05%.
  • Patent application CN109266924A describes an aluminum substrate for an anodized aluminum curtain panel.
  • the chemical components of the aluminum substrate include, by weight, 0.10-0.20% Si, 0.16-0.30% Fe, 0.65-0.10% Cu, 0.7-1 , 3% Mg, 0.01-0.02% Ti and the rest Al and impurities.
  • Patent application CN109825746 A describes a high quality aluminum base material for some walls, having a surface roughness Ra 0.3-0.5 [mu] m, Ra 0.3- 0.5 [mu] m , Rz 1.4-2.4 [mu] m, a stable after being subjected to anodic oxidation.
  • Patent application EP2862952 describes an aluminum alloy plate comprising peritectic elements and Mg.
  • Patent US3164494 describes an aluminum alloy suitable for chemical and electrolytic polishing, consisting essentially of magnesium up to about 1.20%, copper, 0.01 to 0.08%, manganese at 0.03% max. , 0.01-0.12% iron and 0.01-08% silicon; in weight percent, the rest aluminum.
  • the 5005 alloy is also used in the field of plated products, which is not the subject of the present invention.
  • Patent application EP2924136 relates to an architectural facade product, with a central layer of AIMg-based aluminum alloy, in particular the AA5xxx series, and with at least one coating layer plated on one side of the central layer containing 0 0.03 to 0.06 wt% silicon (Si), 0.15 to 0.20 wt% iron (Fe), 008 to 0.12 wt% copper (Cu), 0.08 to 0 .12% by weight of manganese (Mn), 0.85 to 0.95% by weight of magnesium (Mg) and the rest of aluminum as well as unavoidable impurities due to production.
  • Si silicon
  • Fe iron
  • Cu copper
  • Mn manganese
  • Mg magnesium
  • international application WO2010144997A1 describes an aluminum architectural product in which a clad layer is applied to at least one side of a central layer, preferably, the central layer being made of an alloy chosen from alloys of the AA5XXX series with a magnesium content greater than 3% by weight, and the plated layer (or each plated layer) being of an alloy chosen from among the alloys AA5005, AA5205, AA5052, AA5252 and AA5005A.
  • Alloys 5457, 5557 and 5657 are known for applications requiring a bright appearance e.g. from ASM Handbook, Volume 2B, Properties and Selection of Aluminum Alloys, ⁇ 2019
  • Recycled aluminum is in fact a low emitter of greenhouse gases compared to aluminum obtained by electrolysis. To improve the carbon footprint of aluminum products, it is particularly useful to limit the use of aluminum obtained by electrolysis and to maximize the use of recycled aluminum.
  • a first object of the invention is a thin aluminum alloy sheet of composition, in% by weight,
  • a second object of the invention is a process for manufacturing a thin sheet according to the invention in which, successively,
  • the plate thus scalped is preferably heated to a temperature between 480° C. and 500 "C, (d) the plate thus heated is hot rolled to obtain a sheet having a thickness of between 3 and 10 mm (e) the sheet thus obtained is cooled (f) the sheet thus cooled is cold rolled to obtain a thin sheet of final thickness
  • the thin sheet thus obtained is degreased and/or pickled and/or polished
  • the thin sheet is annealed at a temperature of 330°C to 420°C.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of a thin sheet according to the invention to produce a part of complex shape shaped in the three dimensions of space in particular by stamping.
  • FIGURES
  • Figure 1 represents the elongation Aso as a function of the breaking strength R m .
  • the static mechanical characteristics in tension in other words the breaking strength Rm, the yield strength at 0.2% elongation Rpo , 2, and the elongation at break A%, are determined by a tensile test according to standard NF EN ISO 6892-1.
  • the elongation (A%) at break was measured using a 50 mm basic extensometer and is noted as A50.
  • a thin sheet is a rolled product with a rectangular cross-section whose uniform thickness is between 0.20 mm and 6 mm. In the context of the invention, a thin sheet is not a clad sheet.
  • the Applicant has found that, surprisingly, it is possible to obtain thin sheets of 5XXX aluminum alloy having improved formability while being recyclable and having surface quality and mechanical strength properties. sufficient, thanks to a narrow selection of the composition and a suitable manufacturing process.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention have the composition, in% by weight, of Mg: 0.65 - 0.85, Fe: 0.10 - 0.20, Si: 0.05 - 0.09, Mn: ⁇ 0 .03, Cu: ⁇ 0.05, Cr: ⁇ 0.02, Zn: ⁇ 0.10, Ti: ⁇ 0.03, other elements or impurities ⁇ 0.05 each and ⁇ 0.15 total, remainder aluminium.
  • the minimum iron content is therefore 0.10% by weight and preferably 0.12% by weight or even 0.14% by weight.
  • the maximum iron content enabling the desired mechanical properties to be achieved is 0.20% by weight and preferably 0.18% by weight.
  • the minimum silicon content of 0.05% by weight and preferably 0.06% by weight makes it possible not to limit the possibilities of recycling.
  • the present inventors have found that, surprisingly, it is possible to improve the formability of products having an iron content of at least 0.10 by weight and a silicon content of at least 0.05% by weight by selecting the composition of the elements Si, Cr, Mn and Ti.
  • the Fe/Si ratio is at least equal to 1.9, preferably at least equal to 1.95, preferably at least equal to 2.0 and preferentially at least equal to 2.2.
  • the present inventors believe that the Fe/Si ratio influences in particular the size of the intermetallic phases formed during casting, a high ratio making it possible to obtain finer intermetallic phases that are more favorable to shaping.
  • the maximum silicon content of the products according to the invention is 0.09% by weight and preferably 0.08% by weight
  • the maximum chromium content is 0.02% by weight and preferably 0, 01% by weight
  • the maximum manganese content is 0.03% by weight and preferably 0.02% by weight
  • the maximum titanium content is 0.03% by weight and preferably 0.02% in weight.
  • the sum of the Cr + Mn + Ti contents is at most 0.06% by weight and preferably at most 0.04% by weight. weight.
  • the sum of the Fe+Si+Mn contents is at least 0.22% by weight or even at least 0.24% by weight.
  • the sum of the Fe+Si contents is at least 0.20% by weight, preferably at least 0.21% by weight or even at least 0.23% by weight.
  • the Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.65% by weight to 0.85% by weight, which makes it possible in particular to obtain sufficient mechanical characteristics, such as the breaking strength R m while avoiding defects. surfaces such as defects known as the Lüders band or Portevin-Le Chatelier instabilities.
  • the Mg content of the products according to the invention is at least 0.69% by weight.
  • the Mg content of the products according to the invention is at most 0.83% by weight.
  • the Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.65% by weight to 0.78% by weight and preferably from 0.68% by weight to 0.75% by weight.
  • the Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.72% by weight to 0.82% by weight and preferably from 0.76% by weight to 0.83% by weight.
  • the Cu content of the products according to the invention must also be controlled in order to obtain the desired mechanical properties and also in order not to obtain an undesirable surface appearance after shaping and surface treatment.
  • the maximum Cu content is 0.05% by weight and preferably 0.03% by weight.
  • the Cu content is greater than 0.05% by weight, a yellowish appearance risks being obtained on the finished, shaped and ready-to-use parts, which is detrimental to the decorative appearance.
  • the other elements or impurities have a content of less than 0.05% by weight each and less than 0.15% by weight in total. Preferably they have a content of less than 0.03% by weight each and ⁇ 0.10% by weight in total. These are elements present in the electrolysis or recycling metal used to prepare the alloy and are not added individually on a voluntary basis.
  • the products according to the invention have an essentially recrystallized microstructure. By essentially recrystallized it is understood that more than 85%, preferably more than 90% and more preferably more than 95% of the microstructure is recrystallized.
  • the essentially recrystallized structure is obtained by the combination of the composition, in particular the control of the Mn, Cr and Ti contents, and the manufacturing process.
  • the process for manufacturing the products according to the invention comprises casting an alloy of composition according to the invention in the form of a rolling plate, reheating the plate, hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing. After casting an alloy of composition according to the invention in the form of a rolling plate, the latter is scalped and then reheated, preferably to a temperature of between 480°C and 500°C. The plate is then hot rolled to obtain a sheet having a thickness between B and 10 mm, cooled and then cold rolled to the final thickness of the thin sheet.
  • the thin sheet thus obtained can then optionally be degreased and/or pickled and/or polished, then it is annealed, typically in a batch furnace, at a temperature of 330 to 420°C and preferentially of 350 to 400°C.
  • the annealing temperature according to the invention makes it possible in particular to obtain the recrystallized microstructure according to the invention, while achieving satisfactory homogeneity in the coil and avoiding oxidation and loss of gloss.
  • the polishing can be carried out in particular by rolling with rolls of low roughness and/or by any other appropriate surface treatment method such as chemical or electrochemical methods.
  • the thin sheet according to the invention has a thickness of between 0.35 and 1.5 mm and more preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm.
  • the mechanical properties of the sheets according to the invention are advantageous.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention advantageously have in the transverse-long direction TL a breaking strength Rm of at least 100 MPa and preferably of at least 110 MPa and an elongation A50 of at least 28% and preferably of at least 30%.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention have, in the transverse-long direction TL, an elastic limit R po, 2 of at least 45 MPa and preferably of at least 50 MPa and an elongation A50 of at least 28% and preferably at least 30%.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention are used in particular to produce parts of complex shape shaped in the three dimensions of space, in particular by stamping.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention are suitable for undergoing any decorative surface treatment before or after their shaping, such as in particular anodizing, varnishing or lacquering.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention are advantageously used as interior or exterior decorative part of a motor vehicle or of a household appliance or of medical equipment.
  • the thin sheets according to the invention are used to produce decorative motor vehicle parts such as interior finishing elements chosen from the center console, such as the dashboard, the trim of the gearbox, the door handles, interior decorative moldings, belt lines and/or exterior finishing elements chosen from window surrounds, body or door side moldings, tailgate trim strips, grille trims and trim strips bumper.
  • rolling plates with a thickness of 428 mm were cast in aluminum alloy whose composition in % by weight is given in Table 1.
  • Alloys B and C have a composition according to the invention.
  • Table 1 The plates were scalped, reheated to a temperature of approximately 490°C and then hot rolled to a thickness of 6.5 mm and then cold rolled to a thickness of 0.76 mm.
  • the thin sheets thus obtained were annealed at 380°C.
  • the microstructure of thin sheets after annealing was completely recrystallized.
  • the mechanical properties were determined in the LT direction.
  • the mechanical properties and the surface appearance after shaping and surface treatment of the products obtained are presented in Table 2.
  • FIG. 1 represents the elongation Aso as a function of the breaking strength R m .
  • the thin sheets B and C according to the invention have a particularly advantageous compromise of properties.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to thin metal sheets with a substantially recrystallised microstructure, having a composition, in % by weight, of Mg: 0.65 - 0.85, Fe: 0.10 – 0.20, Si: 0.05 - 0.09, Mn: ≤ 0.03, Cu: ≤ 0.05, Cr: ≤ 0.02, Zn: <0.10, Ti: ≤ 0,03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 in total, the balance being aluminium. The method for manufacturing the products according to the invention comprises casting an alloy with a composition according to the invention in the form of a rolling plate, reheating the plate, hot-rolling, cold-rolling and annealing. The thin metal sheets according to the invention are particularly used to produce workpieces which have a complex shape and which are shaped in three spatial dimensions, in particular by stamping.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : TOLE MINCE EN ALLIAGE D'ALUMINIUM A GRANDE DUCTILITE TITLE: THIN SHEET IN HIGH DUCTILITY ALUMINUM ALLOY
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE L'invention concerne le domaine des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium à grande ductilité, notamment pour réaliser des pièces décoratives telles que par exemple des pièces intérieures de véhicules automobiles. TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of thin sheets of highly ductile aluminum alloy, in particular for producing decorative parts such as, for example, interior parts of motor vehicles.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement des tôles en alliage d'aluminium de la série AA5xxx dont la composition et le procédé de transformation sont particulièrement adaptés à ce type d'application et présentant une excellente ductilité. The invention relates more particularly to aluminum alloy sheets of the AA5xxx series, the composition and transformation process of which are particularly suited to this type of application and which have excellent ductility.
ART ANTERIEUR PRIOR ART
Les alliages d'aluminium sont couramment utilisés dans la fabrication de pièces décoratives notamment pour l'industrie automobile mais aussi dans les industries de l'électroménager ou des appareillages médicaux, en concurrence avec le bois, l'acier et les matières plastiques. Aluminum alloys are commonly used in the manufacture of decorative parts, in particular for the automotive industry, but also in the household appliances or medical equipment industries, in competition with wood, steel and plastics.
Dans le cas de l'industrie automobile, on réalise notamment des éléments intérieurs de finition par exemple pour la console centrale, tels que le tableau de bord, l'habillage du boîtier de vitesses, les poignées de porte, les baguettes décoratives intérieures, les ceintures de caisse et des éléments extérieurs de finition tels que notamment les entourages de vitres, les baguettes latérales de caisse ou portières, les baguettes enjoliveurs de hayon, les enjoliveurs de calandre et les joncs de pare-choc. Ces produits peuvent subir un traitement de surface tel que notamment une anodisation, un vernissage et/ou un laquage. Les produits laminés en alliage d'aluminium AA5005 avec différents états de traitement thermique sont largement utilisées dans les conducteurs, les ustensiles de cuisine, les tableaux de bord, les décorations architecturales, les matériaux de construction, les matériaux intérieurs et extérieurs des véhicules, etc. In the case of the automobile industry, in particular, interior finishing elements are produced, for example for the central console, such as the dashboard, the trim of the gear box, the door handles, the interior decorative strips, the body belts and exterior finishing elements such as, in particular, window surrounds, body or door side moldings, tailgate trim strips, radiator grille trim and bumper strips. These products can undergo a surface treatment such as in particular anodizing, varnishing and/or lacquering. AA5005 aluminum alloy rolled products with different heat treatment states are widely used in conductors, kitchen utensils, dashboards, architectural decorations, building materials, vehicle interior and exterior materials, etc. .
La demande de brevet internationale W02014203077 a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une bague extérieure de moulage d'un véhicule automobile, notamment telle qu'un châssis de fenêtre ou une moulure de carrosserie, en alliage d'aluminium, par mise en forme et polissage d'une feuille ou bande réalisée par coulée verticale continue d'un tôle d'alliage de haute pureté de la série AA5xxx, homogénéisation-réchauffage de la tôle, laminage à chaud, refroidissement, laminage à froid avec recuit intermédiaire dans un four à passage continu, ou maintien entre la température de solvus et la température de combustion de l'alliage typiquement pendant B s à 5 min., trempe à l'air ou à l'eau, et éventuellement recuit à une température de 100 ° C à 200 ° C. Cette demande concerne également une bague de moulage d'un véhicule automobile fabriquée selon un tel procédé. International patent application WO2014203077 relates to a process for manufacturing an outer molding ring of a motor vehicle, in particular such as a window frame or a body molding, in aluminum alloy, by shaping and polishing a sheet or strip produced by continuous vertical casting of a AA5xxx series high-purity alloy sheet, sheet homogenization-reheating, hot rolling, cooling, cold rolling with intermediate annealing in a continuous flow furnace, or holding between solvus temperature and combustion temperature of the alloy typically for B s to 5 min., quenching in air or water, and optionally annealing at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C. This application also relates to a casting ring of a motor vehicle manufactured using such a process.
Le brevet US4715901 décrit des alliages d'aluminium de type 1XXX et 5XXX comprenant 0,01 à 0,08% de chrome ou de manganèse, de préférence les deux. Patent US4715901 describes aluminum alloys of the 1XXX and 5XXX type comprising 0.01 to 0.08% chromium or manganese, preferably both.
Le brevet US3793089 décrit un alliage comprenant de 0,05-0,20% de silicium, 0,15-0,40% de fer, 0,15-0,30% de cuivre, 0,10-0,30% de manganèse, 0, 6-1,0% de magnésium, 0,04- 0,12% de chrome et le reste d'aluminium. Le produit, lorsqu'il est anodisé en couleur intégrale, forme un revêtement anodique ayant une couleur allant de l'or au noir dans une plage d'épaisseur commercialement acceptable. Patent US3793089 describes an alloy comprising 0.05-0.20% silicon, 0.15-0.40% iron, 0.15-0.30% copper, 0.10-0.30% manganese, 0.6-1.0% magnesium, 0.04-0.12% chromium and the balance aluminum. The product, when full color anodized, forms an anodic coating having a color ranging from gold to black within a commercially acceptable thickness range.
La demande de brevet CN107805746A décrit un produit laminé en alliage d'aluminium 5005H34, de composition en pourcentage massique : Si inférieur ou égal à 0,2%, Fe inférieur ou égal à 0,55%, Cu inférieur ou égal à 0,15%, Mn inférieur ou égal à 0,2%, Mg 0,75 à 1,0%, Cr inférieur ou égal à 0,1%, Zn inférieur ou égal à 0,2% e Ti, 0,01 à 0,05%.Patent application CN107805746A describes a rolled product in aluminum alloy 5005H34, of composition in mass percentage: Si less than or equal to 0.2%, Fe less than or equal to 0.55%, Cu less than or equal to 0.15 %, Mn less than or equal to 0.2%, Mg 0.75 to 1.0%, Cr less than or equal to 0.1%, Zn less than or equal to 0.2% e Ti, 0.01 to 0, 05%.
La demande de brevet CN109266924A décrit un substrat en aluminium pour un panneau anodisé de rideau en aluminium. Les composants chimiques du substrat en aluminium comprennent, en poids, 0,10-0,20% de Si, 0,16-0,30% de Fe, 0,65-0,10% de Cu, 0,7-1, 3% de Mg, 0,01-0,02% de Ti et le reste de Al et impuretés. Patent application CN109266924A describes an aluminum substrate for an anodized aluminum curtain panel. The chemical components of the aluminum substrate include, by weight, 0.10-0.20% Si, 0.16-0.30% Fe, 0.65-0.10% Cu, 0.7-1 , 3% Mg, 0.01-0.02% Ti and the rest Al and impurities.
La demande de brevet CN109825746 A décrit un matériau de base en aluminium de haute qualité pour certaines parois, ayant une rugosité de surface Ra 0,3-0, 5 [mu] m, Ra 0,3- 0,5 [mu] m, Rz 1,4-2, 4 [mu] m, a stable après avoir été soumis à une oxydation anodique.Patent application CN109825746 A describes a high quality aluminum base material for some walls, having a surface roughness Ra 0.3-0.5 [mu] m, Ra 0.3- 0.5 [mu] m , Rz 1.4-2.4 [mu] m, a stable after being subjected to anodic oxidation.
La demande de brevet EP2862952 décrit une plaque d'alliage d'aluminium comprenant des éléments péritectiques et du Mg. Patent application EP2862952 describes an aluminum alloy plate comprising peritectic elements and Mg.
Le brevet US3164494 décrit un alliage d'aluminium adapté au brillantage chimique et électrolytique, composé essentiellement de magnésium jusqu'à environ 1,20 %, de cuivre, 0,01 à 0,08 %, de manganèse à 0,03 % max., de fer à 0,01 à 0,12 % et de silicium à 0,01- 08 % ; en pourcentage en poids, le reste en aluminium. L'alliage 5005 est également utilisé dans le domaine des produits plaqués, ce qui n'est pas l'objet de la présente invention. La demande de brevet EP2924136 porte sur un produit architectural de façade, avec une couche centrale en alliage d'aluminium à base AIMg, en particulier la série AA5xxx, et avec au moins une couche de revêtement plaquée sur un côté de la couche centrale contenant 0,03 à 0,06% en poids de silicium (Si), 0,15 à 0,20% en poids de fer (Fe), 008 à 0,12% en poids de cuivre (Cu), 0,08 à 0,12% en poids de manganèse (Mn), 0,85 à 0,95% en poids de magnésium (Mg) et le reste d'aluminium ainsi que les impuretés inévitables dues à la production. De même la demande internationale WO2010144997A1 décrit un produit architectural en aluminium dans lequel une couche plaquée est appliquée sur au moins un côté d'une couche centrale, de préférence, la couche centrale étant en un alliage choisi parmi les alliages de la série AA5XXX avec une teneur en magnésium supérieure à 3% en poids, et la couche plaquée (ou chaque couche plaquée) étant en un alliage choisi parmi les alliages AA5005, AA5205, AA5052, AA5252 et AA5005A. Les alliages 5457, 5557 et 5657 sont connus pour des applications nécessitant un aspect brillant par exemple de ASM Handbook, Volume 2B, Properties and Sélection of Aluminum Alloys, © 2019 Patent US3164494 describes an aluminum alloy suitable for chemical and electrolytic polishing, consisting essentially of magnesium up to about 1.20%, copper, 0.01 to 0.08%, manganese at 0.03% max. , 0.01-0.12% iron and 0.01-08% silicon; in weight percent, the rest aluminum. The 5005 alloy is also used in the field of plated products, which is not the subject of the present invention. Patent application EP2924136 relates to an architectural facade product, with a central layer of AIMg-based aluminum alloy, in particular the AA5xxx series, and with at least one coating layer plated on one side of the central layer containing 0 0.03 to 0.06 wt% silicon (Si), 0.15 to 0.20 wt% iron (Fe), 008 to 0.12 wt% copper (Cu), 0.08 to 0 .12% by weight of manganese (Mn), 0.85 to 0.95% by weight of magnesium (Mg) and the rest of aluminum as well as unavoidable impurities due to production. Similarly, international application WO2010144997A1 describes an aluminum architectural product in which a clad layer is applied to at least one side of a central layer, preferably, the central layer being made of an alloy chosen from alloys of the AA5XXX series with a magnesium content greater than 3% by weight, and the plated layer (or each plated layer) being of an alloy chosen from among the alloys AA5005, AA5205, AA5052, AA5252 and AA5005A. Alloys 5457, 5557 and 5657 are known for applications requiring a bright appearance e.g. from ASM Handbook, Volume 2B, Properties and Selection of Aluminum Alloys, © 2019
Pour réaliser des pièces de plus en plus complexes, il est nécessaire que l'aptitude à la mise en forme des produits soit élevée et notamment leur ductilité. D'autres contraintes viennent cependant s'ajouter à cet objectif : il est important que le produit soit facilement recyclable pour être durable et par ailleurs les propriétés décoratives et de résistance mécanique doivent être au moins aussi bonnes que pour les produits antérieurs. L'aluminium recyclé est en effet faiblement émetteur de gaz à effet de serre en comparaison de l'aluminium obtenu par électrolyse. Pour améliorer l'empreinte carbone des produits en aluminium il est particulièrement utile de limiter l'utilisation de l'aluminium obtenu par électrolyse et de maximiser l'utilisation d'aluminium recyclé. In order to produce increasingly complex parts, it is necessary for the formability of the products to be high and in particular their ductility. However, other constraints are added to this objective: it is important that the product be easily recyclable in order to be durable and, moreover, the decorative properties and mechanical resistance must be at least as good as for the previous products. Recycled aluminum is in fact a low emitter of greenhouse gases compared to aluminum obtained by electrolysis. To improve the carbon footprint of aluminum products, it is particularly useful to limit the use of aluminum obtained by electrolysis and to maximize the use of recycled aluminum.
Le problème que cherche à résoudre la présente invention est ainsi de réaliser des tôles en alliage d'aluminium 5XXX ayant une ductilité améliorée tout en étant recyclables et en ayant des propriétés de qualités de surface et de résistance mécanique suffisantes. EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION The problem that the present invention seeks to solve is thus to produce 5XXX aluminum alloy sheets having improved ductility while being recyclable and having sufficient surface quality and mechanical strength properties. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Un premier objet de l'invention est une tôle mince en alliage d'aluminium de composition, en % en poids, A first object of the invention is a thin aluminum alloy sheet of composition, in% by weight,
Mg : 0,65 - 0,85, Fe : 0,10- 0,20, Mg: 0.65 - 0.85, Fe: 0.10- 0.20,
Si : 0,05 - 0,09, If: 0.05 - 0.09,
Mn : < 0,03, Mn: < 0.03,
Cu : < 0,05, Cu: < 0.05,
Cr : < 0,02, Zn : < 0,10, Cr: <0.02, Zn: <0.10,
Ti : < 0,03, autres éléments ou impuretés < 0,05 chacun et < 0,15 total, reste aluminium, dont la microstructure est essentiellement recristallisée. Ti: < 0.03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 total, rest aluminum, whose microstructure is essentially recrystallized.
Un second objet de l'invention est un procédé de fabrication d'une tôle mince selon l'invention dans lequel, successivement, A second object of the invention is a process for manufacturing a thin sheet according to the invention in which, successively,
(a) on coule sous forme de plaque de laminage un alliage d'aluminium de composition, en % en poids, (a) an aluminum alloy of composition, in% by weight, is cast in the form of a rolling plate,
Mg : 0,65 - 0,85, Mg: 0.65 - 0.85,
Fe : 0,10- 0,20, Si : 0,05 - 0,09, Fe: 0.10- 0.20, Si: 0.05 - 0.09,
Mn : < 0,03, Mn: < 0.03,
Cu: < 0,05, Cu: < 0.05,
Cr : < 0,02, Cr: < 0.02,
Zn : < 0,10, Ti : < 0,03, autres éléments ou impuretés < 0,05 chacun et < 0,15 total, reste aluminium Zn: < 0.10, Ti: < 0.03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 total, remainder aluminum
(b) on scalpe la plaque ainsi obtenue, (b) the plate thus obtained is scalped,
(c) on réchauffe la plaque ainsi scalpée de préférence à une température entre 480 °C et 500 "C, (d) on lamine à chaud la plaque ainsi réchauffée pour obtenir une tôle ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 3 et 10 mm (e) on refroidit la tôle ainsi obtenue (f) on lamine à froid la tôle ainsi refroidie obtenir une tôle mince d'épaisseur finale(c) the plate thus scalped is preferably heated to a temperature between 480° C. and 500 "C, (d) the plate thus heated is hot rolled to obtain a sheet having a thickness of between 3 and 10 mm (e) the sheet thus obtained is cooled (f) the sheet thus cooled is cold rolled to obtain a thin sheet of final thickness
(g) optionnellement on dégraisse et/ou on décape et/ou on brillante la tôle mince ainsi obtenue, (g) optionally, the thin sheet thus obtained is degreased and/or pickled and/or polished,
(f) on recuit la tôle mince à une température de 330 °C à 420 °C. (f) the thin sheet is annealed at a temperature of 330°C to 420°C.
Un autre objet de l'invention est l'utilisation d'une tôle mince selon l'invention pour réaliser une pièce de forme complexe mise en forme dans les trois dimensions de l'espace notamment par emboutissage. FIGURES Another object of the invention is the use of a thin sheet according to the invention to produce a part of complex shape shaped in the three dimensions of space in particular by stamping. FIGURES
[Fig. 1] La Figure 1 représente l'allongement Asoen fonction de la résistance à rupture Rm. [Fig. 1] Figure 1 represents the elongation Aso as a function of the breaking strength R m .
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Sauf mention contraire, toutes les indications concernant la composition chimique des alliages sont exprimées comme un pourcentage en poids basé sur le poids total de l'alliage. L'expression 1,4 Cu signifie que la teneur en cuivre exprimée en % en poids est multipliée par 1,4. La désignation des alliages se fait en conformité avec les règlements de The Aluminium Association, connus de l'homme du métier. Unless otherwise stated, all indications regarding the chemical composition of the alloys are expressed as a percentage by weight based on the total weight of the alloy. The expression 1.4 Cu means that the copper content expressed in % by weight is multiplied by 1.4. The designation of the alloys is made in accordance with the regulations of The Aluminum Association, known to those skilled in the art.
Les caractéristiques mécaniques statiques en traction, en d'autres termes la résistance à la rupture Rm, la limite d'élasticité conventionnelle à 0,2% d'allongement Rpo,2, et l'allongement à la rupture A%, sont déterminés par un essai de traction selon la norme NF EN ISO 6892-1. L'allongement (A%) à la rupture a été mesuré à l'aide d'un extensomètre de base 50 mm et est noté A50. The static mechanical characteristics in tension, in other words the breaking strength Rm, the yield strength at 0.2% elongation Rpo , 2, and the elongation at break A%, are determined by a tensile test according to standard NF EN ISO 6892-1. The elongation (A%) at break was measured using a 50 mm basic extensometer and is noted as A50.
Sauf mention contraire, les définitions de la norme EN 12258 (2012) s'appliquent. Une tôle mince est un produit laminé de section transversale rectangulaire dont l'épaisseur uniforme est comprise entre 0,20 mm et 6 mm. Dans le cadre de l'invention, une tôle mince n'est pas une tôle plaquée. Unless otherwise stated, the definitions of EN 12258 (2012) apply. A thin sheet is a rolled product with a rectangular cross-section whose uniform thickness is between 0.20 mm and 6 mm. In the context of the invention, a thin sheet is not a clad sheet.
La demanderesse a constaté que de manière surprenante il est possible de d'obtenir des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium 5XXX ayant une aptitude à la mise en forme améliorée tout en étant recyclables et en ayant des propriétés de qualités de surface et de résistance mécanique suffisantes, grâce à une sélection étroite de la composition et un procédé de fabrication adapté. Les tôles minces selon l'invention ont pour composition, en % en poids, Mg : 0,65 - 0,85, Fe : 0,10 - 0,20, Si : 0,05 - 0,09, Mn : < 0,03, Cu : < 0,05, Cr : < 0,02, Zn : < 0,10, Ti : < 0,03, autres éléments ou impuretés < 0,05 chacun et < 0,15 total, reste aluminium. The Applicant has found that, surprisingly, it is possible to obtain thin sheets of 5XXX aluminum alloy having improved formability while being recyclable and having surface quality and mechanical strength properties. sufficient, thanks to a narrow selection of the composition and a suitable manufacturing process. The thin sheets according to the invention have the composition, in% by weight, of Mg: 0.65 - 0.85, Fe: 0.10 - 0.20, Si: 0.05 - 0.09, Mn: < 0 .03, Cu: < 0.05, Cr: < 0.02, Zn: < 0.10, Ti: < 0.03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 total, remainder aluminium.
Il est généralement admis que diminuer la teneur en fer de ce type de produit permet d'améliorer leur ductilité ce qui permet notamment d'améliorer leurs propriétés d'aptitude à la mise en forme. Ainsi dans des alliages tels que les alliages AA5395, AA5405 ou encore AA5605 la teneur maximale en fer est respectivement de 0,08, 0,04 ou même 0,008 % en poids. De même dans les alliages AA5457, AA5557 et AA5657 la teneur maximale en fer est respectivement de 0,10, 0,12 et 0,10 % en poids. Cependant les présents inventeurs n'ont pas souhaité recourir à une solution de ce type car la recyclabilité des alliages en aurait été amoindrie. Ainsi le fer est l'une des impuretés les plus fréquentes dans les chutes et déchets en alliage d'aluminium et l'augmentation de la teneur en fer d'un produit limite les possibilités de recyclage. La teneur minimale en fer est dès lors de 0,10 % en poids et de préférence de 0,12 % en poids ou même 0,14 % en poids. La teneur maximale en fer permettant d'atteindre les propriétés mécaniques souhaitées est de 0,20 % en poids et de préférence 0,18 % en poids. De même et dans une moindre mesure la teneur minimale en silicium de 0,05 % en poids et de préférence de 0,06 % en poids permet de ne pas limiter les possibilités de recyclage. Les présents inventeurs ont constaté que, de manière surprenante, il est possible d'améliorer l'aptitude à la mise en forme des produits ayant une teneur en fer d'au moins 0,10 en poids et une teneur en silicium d'au moins 0,05 % en poids en sélectionnant la composition des éléments Si, Cr, Mn et Ti. De préférence le rapport Fe/Si est au moins égal à 1,9, de préférence au moins égal à 1,95, de manière préférée au moins égal à 2,0 et préférentiellement au moins égal à 2,2. Les présents inventeurs pensent que le rapport Fe/Si influence notamment la taille des phases intermétalliques formées lors de la coulée, un rapport élevé permettant d'obtenir des phases intermétalliques plus fines et plus favorables à la mise en forme. Ainsi la teneur maximale en silicium des produits selon l'invention est de 0,09 % en poids et de préférence de 0,08 % en poids, la teneur maximale en chrome est de 0,02 % en poids et de préférence de 0,01 % en poids, la teneur maximale en manganèse est de 0,03 % en poids et de préférence de 0,02 % en poids et la teneur maximale en titane est de 0,03 % en poids et de préférence de 0,02 % en poids. Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux la somme des teneurs Cr + Mn + Ti est au plus de 0,06 % en poids et de préférence au plus de 0,04 % en poids. Dans un autre mode de réalisation avantageux la somme des teneurs Fe + Si + Mn est au moins de 0,22% en poids ou même d'au moins 0,24 % en poids. Dans encore un autre mode de réalisation avantageux la somme des teneurs Fe + Si est au moins de 0,20% en poids, de préférence au moins 0,21 % en poids ou même d'au moins 0,23 % en poids. Les présents inventeurs pensent que les propriétés avantageuses obtenues pourraient notamment être liées à la faible fraction volumique de composés intermétalliques contenant du fer se formant avec la composition selon l'invention. It is generally accepted that reducing the iron content of this type of product makes it possible to improve their ductility, which in particular makes it possible to improve their formability properties. Thus, in alloys such as the AA5395, AA5405 or even AA5605 alloys, the maximum iron content is respectively 0.08, 0.04 or even 0.008% by weight. Similarly in alloys AA5457, AA5557 and AA5657 the maximum iron content is respectively 0.10, 0.12 and 0.10% by weight. However, the present inventors did not wish to resort to a solution of this type because the recyclability of the alloys would have been reduced. Thus iron is one of the most common impurities in aluminum alloy scrap and scrap and increasing the iron content of a product limits the possibilities of recycling. The minimum iron content is therefore 0.10% by weight and preferably 0.12% by weight or even 0.14% by weight. The maximum iron content enabling the desired mechanical properties to be achieved is 0.20% by weight and preferably 0.18% by weight. Similarly, and to a lesser extent, the minimum silicon content of 0.05% by weight and preferably 0.06% by weight makes it possible not to limit the possibilities of recycling. The present inventors have found that, surprisingly, it is possible to improve the formability of products having an iron content of at least 0.10 by weight and a silicon content of at least 0.05% by weight by selecting the composition of the elements Si, Cr, Mn and Ti. Preferably the Fe/Si ratio is at least equal to 1.9, preferably at least equal to 1.95, preferably at least equal to 2.0 and preferentially at least equal to 2.2. The present inventors believe that the Fe/Si ratio influences in particular the size of the intermetallic phases formed during casting, a high ratio making it possible to obtain finer intermetallic phases that are more favorable to shaping. Thus the maximum silicon content of the products according to the invention is 0.09% by weight and preferably 0.08% by weight, the maximum chromium content is 0.02% by weight and preferably 0, 01% by weight, the maximum manganese content is 0.03% by weight and preferably 0.02% by weight and the maximum titanium content is 0.03% by weight and preferably 0.02% in weight. In an advantageous embodiment, the sum of the Cr + Mn + Ti contents is at most 0.06% by weight and preferably at most 0.04% by weight. weight. In another advantageous embodiment, the sum of the Fe+Si+Mn contents is at least 0.22% by weight or even at least 0.24% by weight. In yet another advantageous embodiment, the sum of the Fe+Si contents is at least 0.20% by weight, preferably at least 0.21% by weight or even at least 0.23% by weight. The present inventors believe that the advantageous properties obtained could in particular be linked to the low volume fraction of intermetallic compounds containing iron forming with the composition according to the invention.
La teneur en Mg des produits selon l'invention est de 0,65 % en poids à 0,85 % en poids ce qui permet notamment d'obtenir des caractéristiques mécaniques suffisantes, telles que la résistance à rupture Rmtout en évitant les défauts de surface tels que les défauts connus sous le nom de bande de Lüders ou instabilités de Portevin-Le Chatelier. Avantageusement la teneur en Mg des produits selon l'invention est au moins de 0,69% en poids. Avantageusement la teneur en Mg des produits selon l'invention est au plus de 0,83 % en poids. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel la ductilité est favorisée, la teneur en Mg des produits selon l'invention est de 0,65 % en poids à 0,78 % en poids et de préférence de 0,68 % en poids à 0,75 % en poids. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel la résistance mécanique est favorisée, la teneur en Mg des produits selon l'invention est de 0,72 % en poids à 0,82 % en poids et de préférence de 0,76 % en poids à 0,83 % en poids. The Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.65% by weight to 0.85% by weight, which makes it possible in particular to obtain sufficient mechanical characteristics, such as the breaking strength R m while avoiding defects. surfaces such as defects known as the Lüders band or Portevin-Le Chatelier instabilities. Advantageously, the Mg content of the products according to the invention is at least 0.69% by weight. Advantageously, the Mg content of the products according to the invention is at most 0.83% by weight. In one embodiment of the invention in which the ductility is favored, the Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.65% by weight to 0.78% by weight and preferably from 0.68% by weight to 0.75% by weight. In one embodiment of the invention in which the mechanical strength is favored, the Mg content of the products according to the invention is from 0.72% by weight to 0.82% by weight and preferably from 0.76% by weight to 0.83% by weight.
La teneur en Cu des produits selon l'invention doit également être contrôlée pour obtenir les propriétés mécaniques souhaitées et également pour ne pas obtenir un aspect de surface indésirable après mise en forme et traitement de surface. Ainsi la teneur maximale en Cu est de 0,05 % en poids et de préférence 0,03 % en poids. Lorsque la teneur en Cu est supérieure à 0,05 % en poids un aspect jaunâtre risque d'être obtenu sur les pièces finies, mises en forme et prêtes à l'emploi, ce qui nuit à l'aspect décoratif. The Cu content of the products according to the invention must also be controlled in order to obtain the desired mechanical properties and also in order not to obtain an undesirable surface appearance after shaping and surface treatment. Thus the maximum Cu content is 0.05% by weight and preferably 0.03% by weight. When the Cu content is greater than 0.05% by weight, a yellowish appearance risks being obtained on the finished, shaped and ready-to-use parts, which is detrimental to the decorative appearance.
Les autres éléments ou impuretés ont une teneur inférieure à 0,05 % en poids chacun et inférieure à 0,15 % en poids au total. De préférence ils ont une teneur inférieure à 0,03 % en poids chacun et < 0,10 % en poids au total. Il s'agit d'éléments présents dans le métal d'électrolyse ou de recyclage utilisé pour préparer l'alliage et n'étant pas ajoutés individuellement de façon volontaire. Les produits selon l'invention ont une microstructure essentiellement recristallisée. Par essentiellement recristallisée il est entendu que plus de 85%, préférentiellement plus de 90 % et plus préférentiellement plus de 95 % de la microstructure est recristallisée. The other elements or impurities have a content of less than 0.05% by weight each and less than 0.15% by weight in total. Preferably they have a content of less than 0.03% by weight each and <0.10% by weight in total. These are elements present in the electrolysis or recycling metal used to prepare the alloy and are not added individually on a voluntary basis. The products according to the invention have an essentially recrystallized microstructure. By essentially recrystallized it is understood that more than 85%, preferably more than 90% and more preferably more than 95% of the microstructure is recrystallized.
La structure essentiellement recristallisée est obtenue par la combinaison de la composition, notamment le contrôle des teneurs en Mn, Cr et Ti, et du procédé de fabrication. The essentially recrystallized structure is obtained by the combination of the composition, in particular the control of the Mn, Cr and Ti contents, and the manufacturing process.
Le procédé de fabrication des produits selon l'invention comprend la coulée d'un alliage de composition selon l'invention sous forme de plaque de laminage, le réchauffage de la plaque, le laminage à chaud, le laminage à froid et le recuit. Après la coulée d'un alliage de composition selon l'invention sous la forme de plaque de laminage, celle-ci est scalpée puis réchauffée, de préférence à une température comprise entre 480 °C et 500 °C. La plaque est alors laminée à chaud pour obtenir une tôle ayant une épaisseur comprise entre B et 10 mm, refroidie puis laminée à froid jusqu'à l'épaisseur finale de la tôle mince. La tôle mince ainsi obtenue peut ensuite optionnellement être dégraissée et/ou décapée et/ou brillantée puis elle est recuite, typiquement dans un four batch, à une température de 330 à 420°C et préférentiellement de 350 à 400 °C. La température de recuit selon l'invention permet notamment d'obtenir la microstructure recristallisée selon l'invention, tout en atteignant une homogénéité satisfaisante dans la bobine et en évitant l'oxydation et la perte de brillance. Le brillantage peut être effectué notamment par laminage avec des cylindres de faible rugosité et/ou par tout autre procédé de traitement de surface approprié tel que les procédés chimiques ou électrochimiques. The process for manufacturing the products according to the invention comprises casting an alloy of composition according to the invention in the form of a rolling plate, reheating the plate, hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing. After casting an alloy of composition according to the invention in the form of a rolling plate, the latter is scalped and then reheated, preferably to a temperature of between 480°C and 500°C. The plate is then hot rolled to obtain a sheet having a thickness between B and 10 mm, cooled and then cold rolled to the final thickness of the thin sheet. The thin sheet thus obtained can then optionally be degreased and/or pickled and/or polished, then it is annealed, typically in a batch furnace, at a temperature of 330 to 420°C and preferentially of 350 to 400°C. The annealing temperature according to the invention makes it possible in particular to obtain the recrystallized microstructure according to the invention, while achieving satisfactory homogeneity in the coil and avoiding oxidation and loss of gloss. The polishing can be carried out in particular by rolling with rolls of low roughness and/or by any other appropriate surface treatment method such as chemical or electrochemical methods.
De manière préférée, la tôle mince selon l'invention a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,35 et 1,5 mm et de manière plus préférée entre 0,4 et 1 mm. Les propriétés mécaniques des tôles selon l'invention sont avantageuses. Preferably, the thin sheet according to the invention has a thickness of between 0.35 and 1.5 mm and more preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm. The mechanical properties of the sheets according to the invention are advantageous.
Les tôles minces selon l'invention présentent avantageusement dans la direction travers- long TL une résistance à rupture Rm d'au moins 100 MPa et de préférence d'au moins 110 MPa et un allongement A50 d'au moins 28% et de préférence d'au moins 30 %. Les tôles minces selon l'invention présentent dans la direction travers-long TL une limite d'élasticité R po, 2 d'au moins 45 MPa et de préférence d'au moins 50 MPa et un allongement A50 d'au moins 28% et de préférence d'au moins 30 %. Les tôles minces selon l'invention sont notamment utilisées pour réaliser des pièces de forme complexe mises en forme dans les trois dimensions de l'espace notamment par emboutissage. Les tôles minces selon l'invention sont aptes à subir tout traitement de surface décoratif avant ou après leur mise en forme tel que notamment l'anodisation, le vernissage ou le laquage. The thin sheets according to the invention advantageously have in the transverse-long direction TL a breaking strength Rm of at least 100 MPa and preferably of at least 110 MPa and an elongation A50 of at least 28% and preferably of at least 30%. The thin sheets according to the invention have, in the transverse-long direction TL, an elastic limit R po, 2 of at least 45 MPa and preferably of at least 50 MPa and an elongation A50 of at least 28% and preferably at least 30%. The thin sheets according to the invention are used in particular to produce parts of complex shape shaped in the three dimensions of space, in particular by stamping. The thin sheets according to the invention are suitable for undergoing any decorative surface treatment before or after their shaping, such as in particular anodizing, varnishing or lacquering.
Les tôles minces selon l'invention ainsi mises en forme sont avantageusement utilisées comme pièce décorative intérieure ou extérieure d'un véhicule automobile ou d'un appareil électroménager ou d'un appareillage médical. De façon préférée, les tôles minces selon l'invention sont utilisées pour réaliser des pièces décoratives de véhicule automobile telles que des éléments intérieurs de finition choisis parmi la console centrale, telle que le tableau de bord, l'habillage du boîtier de vitesses, les poignées de porte, les baguettes décoratives intérieures, les ceintures de caisse et/ou des éléments extérieurs de finition choisis parmi les entourages de vitres, les baguettes latérales de caisse ou portières, les baguettes enjoliveurs de hayon, les enjoliveurs de calandre et les joncs de pare-choc. The thin sheets according to the invention thus shaped are advantageously used as interior or exterior decorative part of a motor vehicle or of a household appliance or of medical equipment. Preferably, the thin sheets according to the invention are used to produce decorative motor vehicle parts such as interior finishing elements chosen from the center console, such as the dashboard, the trim of the gearbox, the door handles, interior decorative moldings, belt lines and/or exterior finishing elements chosen from window surrounds, body or door side moldings, tailgate trim strips, grille trims and trim strips bumper.
EXEMPLE EXAMPLE
Dans cet exemple, on a coulé des plaques de laminage d'épaisseur 428 mm, en alliage d'aluminium dont la composition en % en poids est donnée dans le Tableau 1. Les alliages B et C ont une composition selon l'invention.
Figure imgf000011_0001
In this example, rolling plates with a thickness of 428 mm were cast in aluminum alloy whose composition in % by weight is given in Table 1. Alloys B and C have a composition according to the invention.
Figure imgf000011_0001
Tableau 1] Les plaques ont été scalpées, réchauffées à une température d'environ 490 °C puis laminées à chaud jusqu'à une épaisseur de 6,5 mm puis laminées à froid jusqu'à une épaisseur de 0,76 mm. Les tôles minces ainsi obtenues ont été recuites à 380 °C. La microstructure des tôles minces après le recuit était entièrement recristallisée. Les propriétés mécaniques ont été déterminées dans la direction LT. Les propriétés mécaniques et l'aspect de surface après mise en forme et traitement de surface des produits obtenus sont présentés dans le Tableau 2.
Figure imgf000012_0001
Table 1] The plates were scalped, reheated to a temperature of approximately 490°C and then hot rolled to a thickness of 6.5 mm and then cold rolled to a thickness of 0.76 mm. The thin sheets thus obtained were annealed at 380°C. The microstructure of thin sheets after annealing was completely recrystallized. The mechanical properties were determined in the LT direction. The mechanical properties and the surface appearance after shaping and surface treatment of the products obtained are presented in Table 2.
Figure imgf000012_0001
Tableau 2] Table 2]
La Figure 1 représente l'allongement Asoen fonction de la résistance à rupture Rm. Les tôles minces B et C selon l'invention présentent un compromis de propriétés particulièrement avantageux. FIG. 1 represents the elongation Aso as a function of the breaking strength R m . The thin sheets B and C according to the invention have a particularly advantageous compromise of properties.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Tôle mince en alliage d'aluminium de composition, en % en poids, 1. Aluminum alloy thin sheet of composition, in % by weight,
Mg : 0,65 - 0,85, Mg: 0.65 - 0.85,
Fe : 0,10 - 0,20, Si : 0,05 - 0,09, Fe: 0.10 - 0.20, Si: 0.05 - 0.09,
Mn : < 0,03, Mn: < 0.03,
Cu : < 0,05, Cu: < 0.05,
Cr : < 0,02, Cr: < 0.02,
Zn : < 0,10, Ti : < 0,03, autres éléments ou impuretés < 0,05 chacun et < 0,15 total, reste aluminium, dont la microstructure est essentiellement recristallisée. Zn: < 0.10, Ti: < 0.03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 total, rest aluminum, whose microstructure is essentially recrystallized.
2. Tôle mince selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle la somme des teneurs Cr + Mn + Ti est au plus de 0,06 % en poids et de préférence au plus de 0,04 % en poids. 2. Thin sheet according to claim 1, in which the sum of the Cr + Mn + Ti contents is at most 0.06% by weight and preferably at most 0.04% by weight.
3. Tôle mince selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 dans laquelle, en % en poids,3. Thin sheet according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein, in% by weight,
Fe : 0,12 - 0,18 et/ou Si : 0,06 - 0,08. Fe: 0.12 - 0.18 and/or Si: 0.06 - 0.08.
4. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 dans laquelle, en % en poids, la teneur minimale en Fe est 0,14. 4. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein, in% by weight, the minimum Fe content is 0.14.
5. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 dans laquelle le rapport Fe/Si est au moins égal à 1,9, de préférence au moins égal à 1,95, de manière préférée au moins égal à 2,0 et préférentiellement au moins égal à 2,2. 5. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the Fe / Si ratio is at least equal to 1.9, preferably at least equal to 1.95, preferably at least equal to 2.0 and preferably at least equal to 2.2.
6. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 dans laquelle la somme des teneurs Fe + Si + Mn est au moins de 0,22% en poids ou même d'au moins 0,24 % en poids. 6. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the sum of the Fe + Si + Mn contents is at least 0.22% by weight or even at least 0.24% by weight.
7. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 dans laquelle la somme des teneurs Fe + Si est au moins de 0,20% en poids, de préférence au moins 0,21 % en poids ou même d'au moins 0,23 % en poids. 7. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in which the sum of the Fe + Si contents is at least 0.20% by weight, preferably at least 0.21% by weight or even at least 0, 23% by weight.
8. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 dans laquelle, en % en poids, Mg : 0,69 - 0,83. 8. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein, in% by weight, Mg: 0.69 - 0.83.
9. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 dans laquelle, en % en poids, Mn : < 0,02 et/ou Cr : < 0,01 et/ou Ti : < 0,02 et/ou Cu : < 0,03. 9. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein, in% by weight, Mn: <0.02 and / or Cr: <0.01 and / or Ti: <0.02 and / or Cu: < 0.03.
10. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 présentant dans la direction travers long TL une résistance à rupture Rm d'au moins 100 MPa et de préférence d'au moins 110 Mpa et un allongement Aso d'au moins 28% et de préférence d'au moins 30 %. 10. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9 having in the long transverse direction TL a breaking strength R m of at least 100 MPa and preferably of at least 110 MPa and an elongation Aso of at least 28% and preferably at least 30%.
11. Tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 présentant dans la direction travers long TL une limite d'élasticité RPO,2 d'au moins 45 MPa et de préférence d'au moins 50 Mpa et un allongement Asod'au moins 28% et de préférence d'au moins 30 %. 11. Thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 10 having in the long transverse direction TL an elastic limit R PO,2 of at least 45 MPa and preferably of at least 50 MPa and an elongation Asod of at least 28% and preferably at least 30%.
12. Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle mince selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 dans lequel, successivement, 12. A method of manufacturing a thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein, successively,
(a) on coule sous forme de plaque de laminage un alliage d'aluminium de composition, en % en poids, (a) an aluminum alloy of composition, in% by weight, is cast in the form of a rolling plate,
Mg : 0,65 - 0,85, Mg: 0.65 - 0.85,
Fe : 0,10- 0,20, Fe: 0.10-0.20,
Si : 0,05 - 0,09, If: 0.05 - 0.09,
Mn : < 0,03, Mn: < 0.03,
Cu : < 0,05, Cu: < 0.05,
Cr : < 0,02, Cr: < 0.02,
Zn : < 0,10, Zn: < 0.10,
Ti : < 0,03, autres éléments ou impuretés < 0,05 chacun et < 0,15 total, reste aluminiumTi: < 0.03, other elements or impurities < 0.05 each and < 0.15 total, remainder aluminum
(b) on scalpe la plaque ainsi obtenue, (b) the plate thus obtained is scalped,
(c) on réchauffe la plaque ainsi scalpée de préférence à une température entre 480 °C et 500 "C, (c) the plate thus scalped is preferably heated to a temperature between 480° C. and 500° C.,
(d) on lamine à chaud la plaque ainsi réchauffée pour obtenir une tôle ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 3 et 10 mm (e) on refroidit la tôle ainsi obtenue (d) the plate thus heated is hot rolled to obtain a sheet having a thickness of between 3 and 10 mm (e) the sheet thus obtained is cooled
(f) on lamine à froid la tôle ainsi refroidie obtenir une tôle mince d'épaisseur finale(f) the sheet thus cooled is cold rolled to obtain a thin sheet of final thickness
(g) optionnellement on dégraisse et/ou on décape et/ou on brillante la tôle mince ainsi obtenue, (g) optionally, the thin sheet thus obtained is degreased and/or pickled and/or polished,
(f) on recuit la tôle mince à une température de 330 °C à 420 °C. (f) the thin sheet is annealed at a temperature of 330°C to 420°C.
13. Procédé selon la revendication 12 dans laquelle l'étape (g) n'est pas optionnelle. 13. Process according to claim 12 in which step (g) is not optional.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 12 ou la revendication 13 dans laquelle lors de l'étape (f) la tôle mince est recuite à une température de 350 °C à 400 °C. 14. A method according to claim 12 or claim 13 wherein in step (f) the thin sheet is annealed at a temperature of 350°C to 400°C.
15. Utilisation d'une tôle mince selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 pour réaliser une pièce de forme complexe mise en forme dans les trois dimensions de l'espace notamment par emboutissage. 15. Use of a thin sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to produce a part of complex shape shaped in the three dimensions of space in particular by stamping.
16. Utilisation selon la revendication 15 comme pièce décorative intérieure ou extérieure d'un véhicule automobile ou d'un appareil électroménager ou d'un appareillage médical. 16. Use according to claim 15 as an interior or exterior decorative part of a motor vehicle or of a household appliance or of medical equipment.
PCT/EP2021/082244 2020-11-27 2021-11-19 Thin metal sheet made from aluminium alloy with high ductility WO2022112110A1 (en)

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