WO2022110976A1 - 一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置 - Google Patents

一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置 Download PDF

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WO2022110976A1
WO2022110976A1 PCT/CN2021/117820 CN2021117820W WO2022110976A1 WO 2022110976 A1 WO2022110976 A1 WO 2022110976A1 CN 2021117820 W CN2021117820 W CN 2021117820W WO 2022110976 A1 WO2022110976 A1 WO 2022110976A1
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potential
conductor
discharge
unit
gap
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PCT/CN2021/117820
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French (fr)
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刘兴发
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中国电力科学研究院有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks

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  • the present application relates to the technical field of overhead line power extraction, and in particular, to a device for high-potential online energy extraction in high-voltage overhead lines.
  • the equipment working at high potential includes sensors, online monitoring equipment, inspection robots, drones and live working robots.
  • the CT energy of the AC line and the energy of the overhead ground wire are large and heavy, and are affected by the operation mode of the line. Influence, the existing technology does not support the online energy acquisition of the DC line, the energy acquisition problem greatly limits the application of line inspection and operation robots and online monitoring equipment, and the operation efficiency of the robot cannot be improved.
  • the present application proposes a device for high-potential on-line energy harvesting in high-voltage overhead lines, aiming to solve the problem of the weight of existing energy harvesting methods, and the limited use of robots and low operating efficiency due to the influence of line operation.
  • the problem proposes a device for high-potential on-line energy harvesting in high-voltage overhead lines, aiming to solve the problem of the weight of existing energy harvesting methods, and the limited use of robots and low operating efficiency due to the influence of line operation. The problem.
  • the present application proposes a device for high-potential on-line energy extraction in high-voltage overhead lines.
  • the device includes a floating potential conductor; a conductor connector, which is connected to the floating potential conductor; The conductor connectors are connected; the high potential conductor has a discharge gap between it and the discharge electrode, the high potential conductor is connected to the high-voltage overhead line, and the phase voltage from the high-voltage overhead line is used between the high-potential conductor and the high-voltage overhead line.
  • the discharge electrode forms a discharge channel to supply power to an external load connected to the discharge electrode and the conductor connection based on the electric power generated by the discharge channel; wherein the discharge gap is determined based on the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line.
  • the air gap length d of the discharge gap is calculated using the following formula:
  • U is the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line
  • k is the gap calculation coefficient, and 1 ⁇ k ⁇ 25.
  • the gap calculation coefficient is based on the ground capacitance of the floating potential conductor and the required power of the external load.
  • the gap calculation coefficient k is calculated by using the following formula:
  • C 1 is the capacitance to ground of the floating potential conductor; P is the required power of the external load.
  • an insulation height adjustment member is provided between the floating potential conductor and the high-potential conductor, and the insulation height The adjusting member is used to adjust the distance between the floating potential conductor and the high potential conductor, so as to adjust the air gap length of the discharge gap.
  • a sensor is provided on the high-potential conductor or the discharge electrode to detect the high-potential conductor and the discharge electrode.
  • the current discharge gap between the discharge electrodes; the sensor is connected with a controller, and the sensor sends the current discharge gap to the controller; the controller is connected with the insulation height adjustment member to be based on the received from the sensor.
  • the current discharge gap determines whether the discharge gap needs to be adjusted. When it is determined that the discharge gap needs to be adjusted, the controller controls the insulation height adjusting member to adjust the discharge gap between the high potential conductor and the discharge electrode.
  • the controller includes: an input unit for inputting the power required by the external load to the computing unit; the computing unit , is electrically connected to the input unit to receive the power required by the external load input by the input unit, and combined with the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line to determine the distance between the high-potential conductor and the discharge electrode The required discharge gap; the control unit is electrically connected to the calculation unit and the sensor, respectively, to receive and compare the required discharge gap determined by the calculation unit with the current discharge gap detected by the sensor, and based on the calculated discharge gap The comparison result between the required discharge gap and the current discharge gap is used to control the insulation height adjusting member to adjust the floating potential conductor, so as to adjust the discharge gap between the high potential conductor and the discharge electrode.
  • a current processing module is connected between the high-potential conductor and the discharge electrode, and the current processing module includes : Transformer, radio frequency rectification unit, voltage conversion and fine rectification unit, filter unit, output unit and battery are cascaded in sequence; the transformer is used for energy coupling; the radio frequency rectification unit is used for series-parallel connection using Schottky diodes The discharge current is rectified in combination, and the rectified discharge current is filtered by the LC circuit to obtain a pulsating DC; the voltage conversion and fine rectification unit is used to finely rectify and adjust the voltage of the pulsating DC by using a switching power supply to obtain a high-frequency pulsating DC; The filtering unit is used to filter the high-frequency pulsating DC to provide a DC output with a stable current and a small ripple coefficient; the output unit is used to provide a DC
  • the primary input lead terminals of the transformer are respectively connected to the conductor connection piece and the discharge electrode.
  • the conductor connecting piece and the discharge electrode are both provided with energy extraction leads that penetrate through the insulating piece terminal.
  • the device for high-potential on-line energy extraction on a high-voltage overhead line provided by the present application has a discharge gap between the discharge electrode and the high-potential conductor, and the potential difference between the two causes the air gap of the discharge gap to break down, making the discharge electrode
  • the induced charge is transferred to generate a broadband current, which is delivered to the external load through the conductor connector and the discharge electrode to supply power to the external load, which can then be used for sensors, online monitoring equipment, robots and High-potential working equipment such as drones provides electrical energy, solves the energy acquisition problem of sensors, online monitoring equipment, inspection robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and live working robots, and provides stable, continuous power that meets fast charging requirements and is easy to access.
  • sensors, online monitoring equipment, inspection robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and live working robots are not limited by energy, so that these high-potential working equipment can be widely used;
  • Charging can improve the endurance of inspection robots, UAVs and working robots, so that they can work online for a long time, that is, improve work efficiency and solve the power supply problem of high-potential work equipment;
  • the power is larger than that of the inductive power extraction method, which can meet the fast charging needs of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for high-potential on-line energy extraction of high-voltage overhead lines provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the discharge principle of a device for performing high-potential on-line energy extraction in a high-voltage overhead line provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a device for performing high-potential on-line energy extraction in a high-voltage overhead line provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall device for performing high-potential on-line energy extraction in a high-voltage overhead line provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a power processing module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram among the insulation height adjusting member, the sensor and the controller provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a controller provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 it shows the preferred structure of the device for high-potential on-line energy acquisition of high-voltage overhead lines provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the device includes: a floating potential conductor 1, a conductor connector 2, a discharge electrode 3, a high potential conductor 4 and an electric energy processing module 5; wherein,
  • the conductor connector 2 is arranged and connected to the floating potential conductor 1 ; the discharge electrode 3 is connected with the conductor connector 2 through the insulating member 6 ; the high potential conductor 4 is connected with the discharge electrode 3 In the discharge gap, the high-potential conductor 4 is connected to the high-voltage overhead line, and the phase voltage from the high-voltage overhead line is used to form a discharge channel between the high-potential conductor 4 and the discharge electrode 3, so that the electric power generated by the discharge channel can The discharge electrode 3 and the external load connected to the conductor connector 2 are powered; wherein the discharge gap is determined based on the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line.
  • the high-potential conductor 4 can be fixed on the high-voltage overhead line, or can be fixed on the bottom plate 7, and the bottom plate 7 is connected to the high-potential equipment such as the shell of the robot connected to the high-voltage overhead line, that is, the shell of the robot is equivalent to the conductor and the high-voltage overhead line.
  • the overhead line is at the same potential
  • the floating potential conductor 1 can be supported by the insulating member 6 to be suspended in the air, and the floating potential conductor 1 is connected through the conductor connecting member 2, and the conductor connecting member 2 and the discharge electrode 3 can be provided with piercing through the insulating member.
  • the two energy-receiving lead terminals can be connected to the two ends of the power processing module 5 respectively; in order to realize the fixation and suspension of the discharge electrode 3, the insulating member 6 is passed between the discharge electrode 3 and the conductor connector 2. connected to ensure the mechanical support of the two, so that there is a discharge gap between the discharge electrode 3 and the high-potential conductor 4, and at the same time, to avoid current conduction between the two; there is a discharge between the discharge electrode 3 and the high-potential conductor 4 gap, the potential difference between the two leads to the breakdown of the gap, the charge is transferred, and a broadband current is generated.
  • the insulating member 6 can be an insulating tube with a hollow interior, and the two ends thereof are respectively connected with the conductor connecting member 2 and the discharge electrode 3. That is to say, when the robot is working, it is always connected to the high-voltage overhead line, that is to say, the robot always moves along the high-voltage overhead line when working. In this working state, the robot is equivalent to a conductor, which is connected to the high-voltage overhead line.
  • the lines are all high potential, the device can be set on the robot, can move synchronously with the robot, and while moving, using the phase voltage from the high-voltage overhead line to form a discharge channel between the high-potential conductor and the discharge electrode, based on the discharge The electricity generated by the channel powers the robot.
  • the power processing module 5 includes: a transformer 51 , a radio frequency rectification unit 52 , a voltage conversion and fine rectification unit 53 , a filter unit 54 , an output unit 55 and a battery 56 , namely the transformer 51 and the radio frequency rectification unit 52 , which are cascaded in sequence.
  • the voltage conversion and fine rectification unit 53, the filter unit 54, the output unit 55 and the battery 56 are cascaded in sequence;
  • the discharge current generated between the discharge electrode 3 and the high potential conductor 4 is a broadband pulse signal
  • the transformer 51 can be a
  • the transformer made of nickel-zinc magnetic ring uses the principle of electromagnetic induction for energy coupling.
  • the insulation between the primary and secondary of the transformer 51 and the insulation between the output lead and the high potential are as follows: the withstand voltage of the insulating material is not lower than the air gap.
  • the radio frequency rectification unit 52 is used to rectify the discharge current by using the series-parallel combination of Schottky diodes, and then filtered by the LC circuit to obtain a pulsating DC;
  • the voltage conversion And the fine rectification unit 53 is used to finely rectify and adjust the voltage of the pulsed DC using the switching power supply to obtain the high-frequency pulsating DC;
  • the filtering unit 54 is used to filter the high-frequency pulsating DC to provide stable current and ripple coefficient.
  • the output unit 55 is used to provide a DC output with a stable current and a small ripple factor to the battery 56 to charge the battery 56, and to provide electrical energy to an external load and/or a control module
  • the control module can be electrically connected with the transformer 51, the radio frequency rectification unit 52, the voltage conversion and fine rectification unit 53, the filter unit 54, and the output unit 55 to control the transformer 51, the radio frequency rectification unit 52, the voltage conversion and fine rectification unit 53, and the filter unit 54 operating status.
  • the two primary stages of the transformer 52 can be connected to the conductor connector 2 and the discharge electrode 3 respectively, so that the broadband pulse current flows through the primary side of the transformer 52 , and the secondary output passes through the radio frequency rectifying unit 52
  • the filter unit 54 removes high frequency components, and finally outputs the output unit 55 to the external load, control module and battery 56 .
  • the device utilizes the broadband "high-frequency" current formed by the charge transfer process between the high-potential conductor and the suspended potential conductor, and obtains direct current for battery charging or direct use of equipment through electromagnetic coupling, radio frequency rectification, quality improvement, isolation filtering, etc. power supply.
  • the air gap length d of the discharge gap can be calculated by the following formula:
  • the size of the floating potential conductor 1 can be determined according to the space size of the power source. After the conductor size of the floating potential conductor 1 is determined, the ground capacitance C 1 of the floating potential conductor 1 can be obtained according to finite element analysis.
  • k can be determined according to actual experience, or can also be determined based on the ground capacitance of the floating potential conductor and the required power of the external load; preferably, the gap calculation coefficient k can be calculated by using the following formula calculate:
  • C 1 is the capacitance to ground of the floating potential conductor; P is the required power of the external load.
  • the gap calculation coefficient can be accurately determined by the ground capacitance of the floating potential conductor and the required power of the external load, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculation of the air gap length; calculated by the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line and the gap calculation coefficient k
  • the air gap length of the discharge gap can ensure that the discharge gap between the discharge electrode 3 and the high potential conductor 4 meets the requirements of the breakdown air gap, thereby ensuring the generation of broadband current.
  • the gap calculation coefficient k is related to the required power of the external load, when the required power of the external load changes, the air gap length of the discharge gap also needs to change synchronously; in order to facilitate the adjustment of the air gap length of the discharge gap, preferably, the floating An insulation height adjusting member 100 is arranged between the potential conductor 1 and the high potential conductor 4, and the insulation height adjusting member is used to adjust the distance between the floating potential conductor 1 and the high potential conductor 4, so as to adjust the distance between the floating potential conductor 1 and the high potential conductor 4. the air gap length of the discharge gap.
  • the insulating height adjusting member may be an electric telescopic structure, and its material is an insulating material, so as to avoid electrical connection between the floating potential conductor 1 and the high potential conductor 4, and simultaneously realize the floating potential conductor 1 and the high potential conductor 4.
  • the distance between the potential conductors 4 is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the discharge electrode 3 and the high potential conductor 4, that is, the adjustment of the air gap length of the discharge gap, thereby ensuring the stability of the power supply to the external load in the device.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram among the insulation height adjusting member, the sensor, and the controller according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • a sensor 200 is provided on the high potential conductor 4 or the discharge electrode 3 to detect The current discharge gap between the high potential conductor 4 and the discharge electrode 5; the sensor 200 is connected to a controller 300, and the controller 300 is also connected to the insulation height adjustment member 200 to The current discharge gap received by the sensor 200 determines whether the discharge gap needs to be adjusted.
  • the controller 300 controls the insulation height adjustment member 100 to adjust the discharge between the high potential conductor and the discharge electrode. gap, so that the discharge gap can meet the discharge requirements.
  • the controller 300 may include: an input unit 310, a calculation unit 320 and a control unit 330; wherein the input unit 310 is used to input the power required by the external load to the calculation unit 320; the calculation unit 320 and the input unit 310 is electrically connected to receive the power required by the external load input by the input unit 310, and combined with the phase voltage of the high-voltage overhead line to determine the required power between the high-potential conductor 4 and the discharge electrode 3 a discharge gap; the control unit 330 is electrically connected to the calculation unit 320 and the sensor 200 respectively, and is used to receive and compare the required discharge gap determined by the calculation unit 320 with the current discharge gap detected by the sensor 200, And based on the comparison result of the required discharge gap and the current discharge gap, the insulation height adjustment member 100 is controlled to realize the adjustment of the floating potential conductor 1, so as to adjust the distance between the high potential conductor 4
  • the calculation unit 320 calculates the gap calculation coefficient k according to the following formula:
  • the device for high-potential on-line energy extraction of high-voltage overhead lines has a discharge gap between the discharge electrode and the high-potential conductor, and the potential difference between the two causes the air gap of the discharge gap to break down, causing the discharge electrode to break down.
  • the induced charge is transferred to generate a broadband current, which is sent to the external load through the conductor connector 2 and the discharge electrode 3 to supply power to the external load, which can be used for sensors, online monitoring equipment,
  • High-potential working equipment such as robots and drones provide electrical energy, solve the energy acquisition problem of sensors, online monitoring equipment, inspection robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and live working robots, and provide stable, continuous, power that meets fast charging requirements and is easy to access.
  • the power supply of the sensor, online monitoring equipment, inspection robot, unmanned aerial vehicle and live working robot is not limited by energy, so that these high potential working equipment can be widely used; it can also be used for inspection robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and working robots.
  • the battery is charged by the battery, which improves the endurance of the inspection robot, UAV and operation robot, so that it can work online for a long time, that is, it improves the work efficiency and solves the power supply problem of high-potential work equipment; in addition, the device not only The available power is larger than that of the inductive power extraction method, which can meet the fast charging requirements of the device. At the same time, the overall weight of the device is small, which greatly increases its use range.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，该装置包括：悬浮电位导体；导体连接件，其连接在悬浮电位导体上；放电电极，其通过绝缘件与导体连接件相连接；高电位导体，其与放电电极之间具有放电间隙，高电位导体连接在高压架空线路上，利用来自高压架空线路的相电压在高电位导体和放电电极形成放电通道，以基于放电通道所产生的电力对放电电极和导体连接件连接的外接负载进行供电。本申请通过放电电极和高电位导体之间具有放电间隙，二者间的电位差导致放电间隙的气隙击穿，使得放电电极上感应的电荷发生转移，产生宽频电流，该宽频电流经由导体连接件和放电电极输送至外接负载，以对外接负载进行供电。

Description

一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202011372818.8、申请日为2020年11月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及架空线取电技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置。
背景技术
高压架空线路在线取能有两种方式，一种是利用自然能，一种是从属架空线路抽取电能。利用自然能包括风能、太阳能及其组合。从交流架空线路抽取电能包括利用电压分压原理取能、利用CT从导线取能、从架空地线取能等方法。对于直流架空线路，有基于绝缘子泄漏电流的取能方法。
工作在高电位的设备有传感器、在线监测设备、巡检机器人、无人机和带电作业机器人等，交流线路的导线CT取能和架空地线取能体积大，质量重，且受线路运行方式影响，现有技术不支持直流线路在线取能，取能问题大大限制了线路巡检和作业机器人及在线监测设备的应用，机器人的作业效率无法提高。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请提出了一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，旨在解决现有取能方式取能设备重量、受线路运行影响导致机器人使用受限且作业效率低的问题。
本申请提出了一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，该装置悬浮电位导体；导体连接件，其连接在所述悬浮电位导体上；放电电极，其通过绝缘件与所述导体连接件相连接；高电位导体，其与所述放电电极之间具有放电间隙，所述高电位导体连接在高压架空线路上，利用来自高压架空线路的相电压在所述高电位导体和所述放电电极形成放电通道，以基于放电通道所产生的电力对所述放电电极和所述导体连接件连接的外接负载进行供电；其中基于所述高压架空线路的相电压确定所述放电间隙。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述放电间隙的气隙长度d利用如下公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000001
其中，U为所述高压架空线路的相电压；k为间隙计算系数，并且，1≤k≤25。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述间隙计算系数基于所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容和所述外接负载的所需功率确定。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述间隙计算系数k利用如下公式进行计算：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000002
其中，C 1为所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容；P为所述外接负载的所需功率。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述悬浮电位导体和所述高电位导体之间设有绝缘高度调节件，所述绝缘高度调节件用以调节所述悬浮电位导体和所述高电位 导体之间的间距，以调节所述放电间隙的气隙长度。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述高电位导体或所述放电电极上设有传感器，用以检测所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的当前放电间隙；所述传感器连接有控制器，传感器将当前放电间隙发送给控制器；所述控制器与所述绝缘高度调节件相连接，用以基于从传感器接收的当前放电间隙确定是否需要调节放电间隙，当确定需要调节放电间隙时，控制器控制所述绝缘高度调节件，以调节所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的放电间隙。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述控制器包括：输入单元，用以向计算单元输入外接负载所需的功率；计算单元，与所述输入单元电连接，用以接收所述输入单元输入的外接负载所需的功率，并结合所述高压架空线路的相电压，确定所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间所需的放电间隙；控制单元，分别与所述计算单元和所述传感器电连接，用以接收并比较所述计算单元确定的所需的放电间隙和所述传感器检测的当前放电间隙，并基于所需的放电间隙和当前放电间隙的比较结果来控制所述绝缘高度调节件实现对所述悬浮电位导体的调节，从而调节所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的放电间隙。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间连接有电流处理模块，所述电流处理模块包括：依次级联的变压器、射频整流单元、电压变换及精细整流单元、滤波单元、输出单元和蓄电池；所述变压器用于进行能量耦合；所述射频整流单元用于采用肖特基二极管的串并组合对放电电流进行整流，将经过整流的放电电流经LC电路滤波得到脉动直流；所述电压变换及精细整流单元用于采用开关电源对脉动直流进行精细整流及电压调整，得到高频脉动直流；所述滤波单元用于进行对所述高频脉动直流 滤波以提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出；所述输出单元用于提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出给所述蓄电池以给所述蓄电池充电，以及用于给外接负载和/或控制模块提供电能；所述控制模块与所述变压器、所述射频整流单元、所述电压变换及精细整流单元、所述滤波单元、所述输出单元相连接，用以控制所述变压器、所述射频整流单元、所述电压变换及精细整流单元、所述滤波单元、所述输出单元的运行状态。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述变压器的原边输入引线端子分别与所述导体连接件和所述放电电极相连接。
进一步，在一些可选实施方式中，上述用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，所述导体连接件和所述放电电极均设有穿设于所述绝缘件的取能引线端子。
本申请提供的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，通过放电电极和高电位导体之间具有放电间隙，二者间的电位差导致放电间隙的气隙击穿，使得放电电极上感应的电荷发生转移，产生宽频电流，该宽频电流经由导体连接件和放电电极输送至外接负载，以对外接负载进行供电，进而可以为在高电位上工作的传感器、在线监测设备、机器人和无人机等高电位工作设备提供电能，解决传感器、在线监测设备、巡检机器人、无人机器及带电作业机器人的取能问题，提供稳定、持续、功率满足快速充电要求、方便接入的电源，使得传感器、在线监测设备、巡检机器人、无人机器及带电作业机器人不受取能限制，从而使得这些高电位工作设备可广泛应用；还可以对巡检机器人、无人机和作业机器人的蓄电池进行充电，使得巡检机器人、无人机和作业机器人的续航能力得到提升，进而使得其可长期在线工作，即提高工作效率，解决高电位工作设备的电源供电难题；另外，该装置不仅可取能功率比感应取电方式大，可满足设备的快速充电需求。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的高压架空线路高电位在线取能的装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置放电原理图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置的电路原理图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置整体的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的电能处理模块的结构框图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的绝缘高度调节件、传感器和控制器之间的结构框图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的控制器的结构框图；
附图标记：
悬浮电位导体1；导体连接件2；放电电极3；高电位导体4；电能处理模块5；绝缘件6；底板7；绝缘高度调节件100；传感器200；控制器300；输入单元310、计算单元320和控制单元330；变压器51；射频整流单元52；电压变换及精细整流单元53；滤波单元54；输出单元55；蓄电池56。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显 示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
参见图1至图4，其示出了本申请实施例提供的高压架空线路高电位在线取能的装置的优选结构。如图所示，该装置包括：悬浮电位导体1、导体连接件2、放电电极3、高电位导体4和电能处理模块5；其中，
导体连接件2设置且连接在所述悬浮电位导体1上；放电电极3，其通过绝缘件6与所述导体连接件2相连接；高电位导体4，其与所述放电电极3之间具有放电间隙，所述高电位导体4连接在高压架空线路上，利用来自高压架空线路的相电压在所述高电位导体4和所述放电电极3形成放电通道，以基于放电通道所产生的电力对所述放电电极3和所述导体连接件2连接的外接负载进行供电；其中基于所述高压架空线路的相电压确定所述放电间隙。具体地，高电位导体4可固定在高压架空线路上，亦可固定底板7上，底板7与高电位设备例如连接在高压架空线路上的机器人的外壳相连，即机器人的外壳相当于导体与高压架空线路同电位，悬浮电位导体1可通过绝缘件6支撑以悬浮在空中，并且，悬浮电位导体1通过导体连接件2相连，导体连接件2、放电电极3上可均设有穿设于绝缘件6的取能引线端子，两个取能引线端子可分别连接在电能处理模块5的两端；为实现放电电极3的固定和悬浮，放电电极3和导体连接件2之间通过绝缘件6相连接，以确保两者的机械支撑固定，使得放电电极3和高电位导体4之间具有放电间隙，同时，避免两者之间的电流传导；放电电极3和高电位导体4之间具有放电间隙，二者间的电位差导致间隙击穿，电荷发生转移，产生宽频电流，经由电能处理模块5处理后提取电能并变化为所需的电源，以对外接负载等供电。其中，绝缘件6可以为内部中空的绝缘管，其两端 分别与导体连接件2、放电电极3相连接。也就是说，机器人在工作时，其始终连接在高压架空线路上，也就是说，机器人在工作时始终沿着高压架空线路进行移动，在此工作状态下，机器人相当于导体，其与高压架空线路均属于高电位，该装置可设置在机器人上，可随机器人同步移动，并在移动的同时，利用来自高压架空线路的相电压，在高电位导体和所述放电电极形成放电通道，基于放电通道所产生的电力对机器人进行供电。
参见图5，其为本申请实施例提供的电能处理模块的结构框图。如图所示，电能处理模块5包括：依次级联的变压器51、射频整流单元52、电压变换及精细整流单元53、滤波单元54、输出单元55和蓄电池56，即变压器51、射频整流单元52、电压变换及精细整流单元53、滤波单元54、输出单元55和蓄电池56依次级联；放电电极3和高电位导体4之间产生的放电电流为宽频的脉冲信号，所述变压器51可以为采用镍锌磁环制作的变压器以利用电磁感应的原理进行能量耦合，变压器51的初级和次级之间的绝缘、输出引线与高电位的绝缘要求为：绝缘材料的耐压电压不低于气隙的放电电压，并且，变压器传输带宽包含5-200MHz；所述射频整流单元52用于采用肖特基二极管的串并组合对放电电流进行整流，再经LC电路滤波得到脉动直流；所述电压变换及精细整流单元53用于采用开关电源对脉冲直流进行精细整流及电压调整，得到高频脉动直流；所述滤波单元54用于进行对所述高频脉动直流滤波以提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出；所述输出单元55用于提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出给所述蓄电池56以给所述蓄电池56充电，以及用于给外接负载和/或控制模块提供电能，控制模块可以与变压器51、射频整流单元52、电压变换及精细整流单元53、滤波单元54、输出单元55电连接，以控制变压器51、射频整流单元52、电压变换及精细整流单元53、滤波单元54的运行状态。在本实施例中，变压器52的原边两级可分别与导体连接件2、放电电极3连接，以使该宽频带的脉冲电流流经变压器52的原边，副边输出经过射频整流单元52射频 整流，电压变换及精细整流单元53进行电压转换及精细整流后，通过滤波单元54去掉高频成分，最后通过输出单元55输出给外部负载、控制模块及蓄电池56。该装置利用高电位导体与悬浮电位导体间的电荷转移过程形成的宽带“高频”电流，通过电磁耦合、射频整流、质量提升、隔离滤波等处理，获得可供电池充电或设备直接使用的直流电源。
在本实施例中，放电间隙的气隙长度d可利用如下公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000003
其中，U为所述高压架空线路的相电压；k为间隙计算系数，并且，1≤k≤25。在本实施例中，可以根据取能电源的空间大小确定悬浮电位导体1的尺寸，悬浮电位导体1的导体尺寸确定后，可根据有限元分析得到悬浮电位导体1的对地电容C 1。
在本实施例中，k可以根据实际经验确定的常数，亦可基于所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容和所述外接负载的所需功率确定；优选地，间隙计算系数k可以利用如下公式进行计算：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000004
其中，C 1为所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容；P为所述外接负载的所需功率。
通过所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容和所述外接负载的所需功率可精确地确定间隙计算系数，进而确保气隙长度计算的准确性；通过高压架空线路的相电压以及间隙计算系数k计算放电间隙的气隙长度，可确保放电电极3和高电位导体4之间的放电间隙满足击穿气隙的要求，进而确保宽频电流的产生。
由于间隙计算系数k与外接负载的所需功率相关，故在外接负载的所需功率变化时，放电间隙的气隙长度亦需要同步变化；为便于调节放电间 隙的气隙长度，优选地，悬浮电位导体1和所述高电位导体4之间设有绝缘高度调节件100，所述绝缘高度调节件用以调节所述悬浮电位导体1和所述高电位导体4之间的间距，以调节所述放电间隙的气隙长度。具体地，绝缘高度调节件可以为电动伸缩结构，其材质为绝缘材质，以避免悬浮电位导体1和所述高电位导体4之间的电连接，同时实现所述悬浮电位导体1和所述高电位导体4之间的间距的调节，进而实现放电电极3和高电位导体4之间间距的调节，即实现放电间隙的气隙长度的调节，从而确保在该装置对外接负载供电的稳定性。
参见图6，其为本申请实施例提供的绝缘高度调节件、传感器和控制器之间的结构框图。如图所示，为进一步便于调节放电电极3和高电位导体4之间的实际气隙长度，进一步优选地，所述高电位导体4或所述放电电极3上设有传感器200，用以检测所述高电位导体4和所述放电电极5之间的当前放电间隙；所述传感器200连接有控制器300，所述控制器300还与所述绝缘高度调节件200相连接，用以基于从传感器200接收的当前放电间隙确定是否需要调节放电间隙，当确定需要调节放电间隙时，控制器300控制所述绝缘高度调节件100，以调节所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的放电间隙，以使放电间隙满足放电需求。
参见图7，其为本申请实施例提供的控制器的结构框图。如图所示，控制器300可以包括：输入单元310、计算单元320和控制单元330；其中，输入单元310用以向计算单元320输入外接负载所需的功率；计算单元320与所述输入单元310电连接，用以接收所述输入单元310输入的外接负载所需的功率，并结合所述高压架空线路的相电压，确定所述高电位导体4和所述放电电极3之间所需的放电间隙；控制单元330，分别与所述计算单元320和所述传感器200电连接，用以接收并比较所述计算单元320确定的所需的放电间隙和所述传感器200检测的当前放电间隙，并基于所需的放电间隙和当前放电间隙的比较结果来控制所述绝缘高度调节件100实现 对所述悬浮电位导体1的调节，从而调节所述高电位导体4和所述放电电极3之间的放电间隙，使得放电间隙调节至所需的放电间隙。
计算单元320根据如下公式计算间隙计算系数k：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000005
其中，C 1为所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容；P为所述外接负载的所需功率；U为所述高压架空线路的相电压；
并根据间隙计算系数k计算所需气隙长度d：
Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-000006
综上，本实施例提供的高压架空线路高电位在线取能的装置，通过放电电极和高电位导体之间具有放电间隙，二者间的电位差导致放电间隙的气隙击穿，使得放电电极上感应的电荷发生转移，产生宽频电流，该宽频电流经由导体连接件2和放电电极3输送至外接负载，以对外接负载进行供电，进而可以为在高电位上工作的传感器、在线监测设备、机器人和无人机等高电位工作设备提供电能，解决传感器、在线监测设备、巡检机器人、无人机器及带电作业机器人的取能问题，提供稳定、持续、功率满足快速充电要求、方便接入的电源，使得传感器、在线监测设备、巡检机器人、无人机器及带电作业机器人不受取能限制，从而使得这些高电位工作设备可广泛应用；还可以对巡检机器人、无人机和作业机器人的蓄电池进行充电，使得巡检机器人、无人机和作业机器人的续航能力得到提升，进而使得其可长期在线工作，即提高工作效率，解决高电位工作设备的电源供电难题；另外，该装置不仅可取能功率比感应取电方式大，可满足设备的快速充电需求。同时，该装置整体重量小，大大增大了其使用范围。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施 例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本申请的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本申请精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，包括：
    悬浮电位导体；
    导体连接件，其连接在所述悬浮电位导体上；
    放电电极，其通过绝缘件与所述导体连接件相连接；
    高电位导体，其与所述放电电极之间具有放电间隙，所述高电位导体连接在高压架空线路上，利用来自高压架空线路的相电压在所述高电位导体和所述放电电极形成放电通道，以基于放电通道所产生的电力对所述放电电极和所述导体连接件连接的外接负载进行供电；其中，基于所述高压架空线路的相电压确定所述放电间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，所述放电间隙的气隙长度d利用如下公式计算：
    Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-100001
    其中，U为所述高压架空线路的相电压；k为间隙计算系数，并且，1≤k≤25。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，所述间隙计算系数基于所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容和所述外接负载的所需功率确定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，所述间隙计算系数k利用如下公式进行计算：
    Figure PCTCN2021117820-appb-100002
    其中，C 1为所述悬浮电位导体的对地电容；P为所述外接负载的所需功率。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，
    所述悬浮电位导体和所述高电位导体之间设有绝缘高度调节件，所述绝缘高度调节件用以调节所述悬浮电位导体和所述高电位导体之间的间距，以调节所述放电间隙的气隙长度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，
    所述高电位导体或所述放电电极上设有传感器，用以检测所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的当前放电间隙；
    所述传感器连接有控制器，传感器将当前放电间隙发送给控制器；
    所述控制器与所述绝缘高度调节件相连接，用以基于从传感器接收的当前放电间隙确定是否需要调节放电间隙，当确定需要调节放电间隙时，控制器控制所述绝缘高度调节件，以调节所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的放电间隙。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，所述控制器包括：
    输入单元，用以向计算单元输入外接负载所需的功率；
    计算单元，与所述输入单元电连接，用以接收所述输入单元输入的外接负载所需的功率，并结合所述高压架空线路的相电压，确定所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间所需的放电间隙；
    控制单元，分别与所述计算单元和所述传感器电连接，用以接收并比较所述计算单元确定的所需的放电间隙和所述传感器检测的当前放电间隙，并基于所需的放电间隙和当前放电间隙的比较结果来控制所述绝缘高度调节件实现对所述悬浮电位导体的调节，从而调节所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间的放电间隙。
  8. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位 在线取能的装置，其中，所述高电位导体和所述放电电极之间连接有电流处理模块，所述电流处理模块包括：依次级联的变压器、射频整流单元、电压变换及精细整流单元、滤波单元、输出单元和蓄电池；
    所述变压器用于进行能量耦合；
    所述射频整流单元用于采用肖特基二极管的串并组合对放电电流进行整流，将经过整流的放电电流经LC电路滤波得到脉动直流；
    所述电压变换及精细整流单元用于采用开关电源对脉动直流进行精细整流及电压调整，得到高频脉动直流；
    所述滤波单元用于进行对所述高频脉动直流滤波以提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出；
    所述输出单元用于提供电流稳定且纹波系数小的直流输出给所述蓄电池以给所述蓄电池充电，以及用于给外接负载和/或控制模块提供电能；所述控制模块分别与所述变压器、所述射频整流单元、所述电压变换及精细整流单元、所述滤波单元和/或所述输出单元相连接，用以控制所述变压器、所述射频整流单元、所述电压变换及精细整流单元、所述滤波单元和/或所述输出单元的运行状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，
    所述变压器的原边输入引线端子分别与所述导体连接件和所述放电电极相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置，其中，
    所述导体连接件和所述放电电极均设有穿设于所述绝缘件的取能引线端子。
PCT/CN2021/117820 2020-11-30 2021-09-10 一种用于在高压架空线路进行高电位在线取能的装置 WO2022110976A1 (zh)

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