WO2022110808A1 - 一种修复污染软黏土的装置及其修复方法 - Google Patents
一种修复污染软黏土的装置及其修复方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022110808A1 WO2022110808A1 PCT/CN2021/104107 CN2021104107W WO2022110808A1 WO 2022110808 A1 WO2022110808 A1 WO 2022110808A1 CN 2021104107 W CN2021104107 W CN 2021104107W WO 2022110808 A1 WO2022110808 A1 WO 2022110808A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode chamber
- electrode
- soft clay
- electrodes
- cylinders
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 small molecule organic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a device for repairing polluted soft clay and a repairing method thereof.
- Contaminated soil In areas with developed economy, dense population, and frequent industrial and agricultural production activities, due to the unorganized discharge of industrial waste or the failure of the discharge system, it penetrates into the soil layer, resulting in changes in the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the soil. Affect engineering activities or be harmful to human health, animal reproduction, and plant growth. Contaminated soil inevitably encounters soft clay and is subject to different types of pollution, such as nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient pollution, heavy metal pollution, organic matter pollution, and compound pollution. Contaminated soft clay has the characteristics of high water content, low permeability, fine particles, and large specific surface area. Heavy metals and other pollutants can affect the engineering performance of soil through ion exchange, change in the thickness of the electric double layer, and the dissolution and corrosion of the cement between the particles. It has a great impact, further reducing the compactness and strength of the soil, and at the same time reducing the bonding force between soil particles and accelerating the loss of beneficial minerals.
- Electrolyte chambers are set at both ends of the soil body, electrodes are placed in the electrolyte and connected to the DC power supply through wires, so as to achieve conduction through the electrolyte. ionic purpose.
- this indoor implementation method of electric repair technology is difficult to apply to actual engineering on site. Therefore, innovations in electrodynamic remediation technology are urgently needed to realize in situ remediation of contaminated soft clay.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for repairing contaminated soft clay and a repairing method thereof, so as to solve the defects or problems raised in the background art.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for repairing contaminated soft clay, which is characterized in that it includes an electrode chamber, a conductive system and a pollutant extraction system;
- the electrode chamber is set as a single cylinder or consists of a plurality of cylinders nested, wherein, one end of the outermost cylinder in the electrode chamber composed of multiple cylinders is provided with a bracket cover, and the bracket cover is arranged with a bracket cover. electrode hole;
- the conductive system includes a plurality of electrodes and a DC power source, the electrodes are vertically arranged and extend through the electrode holes of the support cover to the electrolyte in the electrode chamber, and none of the electrodes is in direct contact with the soil;
- the pollutant extraction system includes a liquid storage bottle, a peristaltic pump and a pollutant purifier; the liquid storage bottle is connected to the peristaltic pump or the pollutant purifier through a hose, and the peristaltic pump or the pollutant purifier is connected to the electrode through a hose room.
- the support cover is provided with a hose hole, one end of the hose enters the electrode chamber through the hose hole on the support cover, and the other end is connected to the peristaltic pump, pollutant purifier or liquid storage bottle to connect.
- an upper nozzle is provided on one side of the electrode chamber of a single cylinder, one end of the hose is connected to the electrode chamber through the upper nozzle, and the other end is connected to a peristaltic pump, a pollutant purifier or a liquid storage device. bottle to connect.
- the electrode chamber includes at least an innermost cylinder and an outermost cylinder, wherein the height of the innermost cylinder is 1.2-1.5 times the height of the other cylinders, the The electrode chamber can be unfolded in turn by pulling and pulling the nested cylinders, and the two adjacent cylinders after the expansion are fixedly connected by the buckles at the ends.
- the bracket cover has internal threads that can be connected with the outer threads of the outermost cylinder port of the electrode chamber, and the electrode holes on the bracket cover are supported by four skeletons.
- the electrodes are fixed in the electrode chamber through a bracket cover, and the electrodes in the field can be arranged in the form of a rectangle, a ring or a plum blossom.
- a water level sensor is provided in the electrode chamber, the water level sensor is used to monitor the water level of the electrode chamber and send a water level signal to the controller, and the water level sensor and the controller cooperate to control the peristaltic pump Automatic operation with pollution purifier.
- An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for repairing contaminated soft clay by using a device for repairing contaminated soft clay, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
- the electrodes of different arrays are respectively connected with wires according to the arrangement of the electrodes, and then alternately connected with the positive or negative poles of the DC power supply to realize cyclic progressive energization.
- the electrolyte used in the step S3 is a chemical reagent that is helpful for the precipitation of pollutants
- the chemical reagent includes a small molecular organic acid, a surfactant and a complexing agent.
- the core of the device for repairing contaminated soft clay of the present invention is an electrode chamber.
- an electrolyte containing chemical reagents that help the precipitation of pollutants in the electrode chamber and energizing the conductive system for repair By adding an electrolyte containing chemical reagents that help the precipitation of pollutants in the electrode chamber and energizing the conductive system for repair, the repair and treatment of contaminated soft clay can be achieved, and the existing electro-dynamic repair technology of contaminated soil is difficult to apply because it remains in indoor experimental research. It is helpful to promote the application of basic research results.
- the invention adopts an electrode chamber composed of nested cylinders, and through electrodes placed above the ground surface and continuously adding depth to the polluted soft clay, the repairing efficiency of the polluted soft clay is improved.
- the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, and can automatically stop, start, and quantitatively adjust the volume of the electrolyte solution at regular intervals, thereby improving work efficiency and being more intelligent.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of repairing contaminated soft clay in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the electrode chamber in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode chamber after being pulled up in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the electrode chamber in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bracket cover in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Example 6 is a schematic diagram of a single cylindrical electrode chamber used for repairing contaminated soft clay in Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cylindrical electrode chamber in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention adopting a cyclic progressive repairing method of polluted soft clay.
- FIG. 9 is a top view of the method of the present invention adopting the cyclic and progressive repairing of the contaminated soft clay.
- a device for repairing contaminated soft clay includes an electrode chamber 3 formed by nesting several cylinders, wherein one end of the outermost cylinder 21 is screwed with a bracket cover 15, and the said An electrode hole 16 and a hose hole 17 are arranged on the bracket cover 15, so that the non-energized electrode 7, the energized anode 8, the energized cathode 9 and the hose 13 are sent into the electrode chamber 3, and the electrodes are fixed by the retractable frame , the electrode is connected to the DC power supply 1 through the wire 4, and the electrolyte 6 is injected into or sucked out of the electrode chamber 3 through the peristaltic pump 11, the pollutant purifier 14, the hose 13, the liquid storage bottle 12 and the water level sensor, and the electrode is placed in the electrode chamber. In the electrolyte 6 of 3, there is no direct contact with the contaminated soft clay 2.
- the height of the innermost cylinder 20 of the electrode chamber 3 is 1.2 ⁇ 1.5 times the height of the other cylinders, and each cylinder can be unfolded in turn by pulling, and after unfolding, the two adjacent cylinders are fixedly connected by snaps at the ends.
- the electrode chamber 3 can be arranged in the form of a rectangle, a ring, a plum blossom and the like.
- the electrode chamber 3 is made of PVC material, which is very heat-resistant even when working in high temperature and hot summer, the main pipe is stable, and is not easily corroded by sulfur and alkali, and the material is easy to process and reduces the production of finished products.
- the hose 13 is a PU tube with good elasticity and strong toughness.
- the inner diameter of the innermost cylinder is 100-200 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.2-2 mm mm; the inner diameter of the hose 13 is 10 ⁇ 40 mm, the wall thickness is 0.1 ⁇ 2 mm.
- Embodiment 2 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that when the electrode chamber 3 is a single cylinder, an upper nozzle 19 can be provided at one end of the cylinder, and the upper nozzle 19 and the hose 13 can pass through the upper nozzle 19 .
- the electrode chamber 3 is connected to the peristaltic pump 11 and the pollutant purifier 14 .
- Using the device for repairing polluted soft clay according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention to repair polluted soft clay specifically includes the following steps:
- the electrode chamber is pressed down manually or mechanically.
- the above method is used to repair a deeper layer of contaminated soft clay; in this embodiment, the electrode chamber at least includes an innermost cylinder, a second cylinder and an outermost cylinder.
- the electrolyte used in the step (3) is a chemical reagent that is conducive to the precipitation of pollutants, such as small molecular organic acids, surfactants, and complexing agents.
- pollutants such as small molecular organic acids, surfactants, and complexing agents.
- the water level sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the peristaltic pump 11 to work so that the electrolyte 6 is added to the electrode chamber 3 through the liquid storage bottle 12
- the water level sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the pollutant purifier 14 to work so that the liquid in the electrode chamber 3 is sucked out through the hose 13 for purification Then, it is discharged into the liquid storage bottle 12 .
- the pollutant purifier 14 has the function of a pump, which can pump the liquid in the electrode chamber 3 into the liquid storage bottle 12 .
- the electrode and the electrode chamber 3 are arranged in a ring shape.
- the number of electrode rings is 3, first connect the wires connecting the middle ring and inner ring electrodes to the electrodes respectively.
- the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply 1 are connected, and the power supply is cut off after the predetermined power-on time is reached; then the outer and middle ring electrodes are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply 1, and the power supply is cut off after the predetermined power-on time is reached;
- This cycle of energization, the energization mode 10 is indicated by the arrow in the figure.
- each ring electrode is connected to the DC power supply from the inside to the outside, and the current is circulated.
- the energization cycle is performed in a similar manner, in which the innermost two ring electrodes and the outermost two ring electrodes can be energized at the same time.
- the present invention adopts the electrode chamber composed of nested cylinders, and the electrodes are placed above the surface and continuously add depth to the contaminated soft clay, so as to improve the restoration efficiency of the contaminated soft clay, and solve the problem of the existing electro-dynamic restoration technology of contaminated soil. It is difficult to apply it to practical engineering problems in the laboratory, which will help to promote the application of basic research results.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
一种修复污染软黏土的装置，包括电极室(3)、导电系统和污染物提取系统；电极室(3)设置为单个筒体或由多个筒体嵌套组成，其中，多个筒体嵌套组成的电极室(3)中最外层筒体(21)一端设置有支架盖(15)，支架盖(15)上布置有电极孔(16)；导电系统包括多个电极和直流电源(1)，电极通过导线(4)连接在直流电源(1)的两端，电极竖直设置且穿过支架盖(15)的电极孔(16)延伸至电极室(3)的电解液(6)中，电极均不与土体直接接触；污染物提取系统包括储液瓶(12)、蠕动泵(11)和污染物净化器(14)；还涉及一种修复污染软黏土的方法，该方法中装置结构简单，操作方便，可以自动定时停机、启动和定时定量的调整电解液体积，提高工作效率，更加智能。
Description
本发明属于环保技术领域，具体涉及一种修复污染软黏土的装置及其修复方法。
在经济发达、人口稠密、工农业生产活动频繁的地区，由于工业生产产生的废弃物无组织的排放或排放系统失效，使其渗入土层，导致土的物理、力学、化学性质发生变化，直接影响工程活动或有害于人类健康、动物繁衍、植物生长。污染土壤不可避免的会遇到软黏土，受到不同类型的污染，如氮磷营养盐污染、重金属污染、有机物污染以及复合污染等。污染软黏土具有含水量高、渗透性低、颗粒细小、比表面积大等特点，重金属等污染物通过离子交换、双电层厚度变化和颗粒之间胶结物的溶解、溶蚀对土体的工程性能产生很大的影响，使土体的密实度和强度进一步减小，同时降低了土颗粒间的胶结力，加快有益矿物的流失。
将污染软黏土经无害化处理后资源化利用，既可保护环境，又可节约资源，是当今国内外研究的热点课题之一。现有的污染软黏土处理技术包括固化法、热干化、焚烧、生物法和电动修复等，固化法是最常用的稳定技术，但当外界环境发生变化时，污染物仍有释放出来并造成环境污染的可能，热干化和焚烧法对土体性质破坏较大、投资成本高，堆肥和生物修复法耗时长。电动修复技术能够使污染物在直流电场作用下发生迁移达到去除的目的，降低污染软黏土后处理带来的环境风险，符合污染软黏土资源化利用的要求。但是，现有污染土电动修复技术通常在室内模型试验中开展研究，是在土体的两端设置电解液室，将电极放入电解液并通过导线与直流电源连接，从而通过电解液达到传导离子的目的。然而，这一室内关于电动修复技术的实施办法很难应用于现场实际工程。因此，电动修复技术亟需进行创新，以实现污染软黏土的现场原位修复。
本发明的目的是提供一种修复污染软黏土的装置及其修复方法，以解决背景技术中所提出的缺陷或问题。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明的实施例提供一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，包括电极室、导电系统和污染物提取系统；
所述电极室设置为单个筒体或由多个筒体嵌套组成，其中，多个筒体嵌套组成的电极室中最外层筒体一端设置有支架盖，所述支架盖上布置有电极孔；
所述导电系统包括多个电极和直流电源，所述电极竖直设置且穿过支架盖的电极孔延伸至电极室的电解液中，所述电极均不与土体直接接触；
所述污染物提取系统包括储液瓶、蠕动泵和污染物净化器；所述储液瓶通过软管连接蠕动泵或污染物净化器，所述蠕动泵或污染物净化器通过软管连接电极室。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，所述支架盖上设置有软管孔，所述软管一端通过支架盖上的软管孔进入电极室，另一端与蠕动泵、污染物净化器或储液瓶进行连接。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，单个筒体的所述电极室的一侧设置上嘴，所述软管的一端通过上嘴连接电极室，另一端与蠕动泵、污染物净化器或储液瓶进行连接。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，所述电极室至少包括最内层筒体和最外层筒体，其中，最内层筒体的高度是其他层筒体高度的1.2-1.5倍，所述电极室可通过提拉使嵌套的各筒体依次展开，展开后的相邻两筒体通过端部的卡扣进行固定连接。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，所述支架盖具有内螺纹可与电极室最外层筒体端口的外螺纹进行连接，所述支架盖上的电极孔由4根骨架支撑。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，所述电极通过支架盖固定于电极室内，场地内的所述电极可呈矩形、环形或梅花形形式进行布置。
在本发明进一步的实施例中，所述电极室内设置有水位传感器，所述水位传感器用于监测电极室水位并将水位信号发送给控制器，所述水位传感器和控制器配合用于控制蠕动泵与污染净化器自动运行。
本发明的实施例还提供一种采用修复污染软黏土装置进行修复污染软黏土的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、按设计要求将电极室超出其他筒体长度部分的最内层筒体垂直压入污染软黏土中，将洗净砂投入电极室底部3~5cm厚；
S2、将支架盖与电极室最外层筒体端口进行螺接，电极通过支架盖的电极孔送入电极室，电极不与电极室内的土体接触，通过调整支架盖的骨架将电极固定于电极室的中轴线，按要求将电极与直流电源通过导线连接；
S3、将软管一端通过支架盖的软管孔送入电极室预定位置，按设计要求向电极室注入电解液到所需刻度，开启直流电源进行通电，污染软黏土进行修复；若水位传感器所监测到电极室内水位高于所设定值，按污染物的种类，将电极室的软管与蠕动泵或污染物净化器连接，并控制其运行，当污染物净化器中的污染物含量较低时，通过污染物净化器回收电极室内的电解液；
S4、向上提拉嵌套筒体的从内向外数的第二层筒体，使其底部与最内层筒体的上端口通过卡扣连接固定，采用人工或机械下压电极室，采用上述方法对更深一层的污染软黏土进行修复；
S5、重复上述污染软黏土修复处理步骤，最终实现污染软黏土的治理。
进一步的，所述步骤S2电极与直流电源的连接方式，依据电极的布置形式将不同阵列的电极分别用导线连接，再与直流电源的正极或负极交替连接，以实现循环递进式通电。
进一步的，所述步骤S3采用的电解液为有助于污染物析出的化学试剂，所述化学试剂包括小分子有机酸、表面活性剂和络合剂。
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：本发明的修复污染软黏土的装置其核心为电极室，通过嵌套的多个筒体或单个筒体、支架盖、导电系统和污染物提取系统，通过在电极室内添加含有有助于污染物析出的化学试剂的电解液并通过导电系统通电进行修复，实现污染软黏土的修复治理，解决现有污染土电动修复技术停留于室内试验研究，难以应用于现场实际工程的难题，有助于促进基础研究成果走向应用。本发明采用嵌套筒体组成的电极室，通过置于地表以上的电极并不断向污染软黏土中增设深度，提高污染软黏土的修复效率。此外，本发明结构简单，操作方便，可以自动定时停机、启动和定时定量的调整电解液体积，提高工作效率，更加智能。
图1是本发明的实施例1中修复污染软黏土的示意图。
图2是本发明的实施例1中电极室初始结构示意图。
图3是本发明的实施例1中电极室提拉后的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的实施例1中电极室俯视结构示意图。
图5是本发明的实施例1中支架盖结构示意图。
图6是本发明的实施例2中修复污染软黏土采用单个筒体电极室的示意图。
图7是本发明的实施例2中单个筒体电极室结构示意图。
图8是本发明采用循环递进修复污染软黏土方式的示意图。
图9是本发明采用循环递进修复污染软黏土方式的俯视图。
附图标记说明：1、直流电源；2、污染软黏土；3、电极室；4、导线；5、洗净砂；6、电解液；7、未通电电极；8、通电阳极；9、通电阴极；10、通电方式；11、蠕动泵；12、储液瓶；13、软管；14、污染物净化器；15、支架盖；16、电极孔；17、软管孔；18、刻度线；19、上嘴；20、最内层筒体；21、最外层筒体。
实施例1
如图1至图5所示，一种修复污染软黏土的装置，包括若干个筒体嵌套组成的电极室3，其中，最外层筒体21的一端螺接有支架盖15，所述支架盖15上布置有电极孔16和软管孔17，便于将所述未通电电极7、通电阳极8、通电阴极9和软管13送入电极室3，并通过可伸缩的骨架将电极固定，电极通过导线4与直流电源1连接，通过蠕动泵11、污染物净化器14、软管13、储液瓶12和水位传感器向电极室3内注入或吸出电解液6，电极置于电极室3的电解液6中，不与污染软黏土2直接接触。
电极室3的最内层筒体20高度是其他筒体高度的1.2∽1.5倍，能够通过提拉使各筒体依次展开，展开后相邻两筒体通过端部的卡扣固定连接。电极室3可呈矩形、环形、梅花形等形式进行布置。
在进一步实施例中，电极室3为PVC材质，即使在高温炎热的夏天工作，非常耐热，主管的稳定性，不易被硫、碱腐蚀，而且该材质便于加工，降低了制造成品。软管13为弹力好、韧性强的PU管。
在进一步的实施例中，所述最内层筒体的内径为100~200 mm，壁厚为0.2~2
mm；所述软管13的内径为10~40
mm，壁厚为0.1~2 mm。
实施例2
如图6和图7所示，实施例2相对于实施例1的不同之处在于，电极室3为单个筒体时，筒体的一端可设置上嘴19，通过上嘴19与软管13将电极室3与蠕动泵11、污染物净化器14连接。
运用本发明实施例1的修复污染软黏土的装置进行修复污染软黏土，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）按设计要求将电极室3超出其他筒体长度部分的最内层筒体20垂直压入污染软黏土2中，将洗净砂5投入电极室3底部3~5cm厚。
（2）将支架盖15与电极室3最外层筒体21端口进行螺接，电极通过支架盖15的电极孔16送入电极室3，电极不与电极室3内的土体接触，通过调整支架盖15的骨架将电极固定于电极室3的中轴线，按要求将电极与直流电源1通过导线4连接。
（3）将软管13一端通过支架盖15的软管孔17送入电极室3预定位置，按设计要求向电极室3注入电解液6到某一刻度线18，开启直流电源1进行通电，污染软黏土进行修复；若水位传感器所监测到电极室3内水位高于所设定值，按污染物的种类，将电极室3的软管13与蠕动泵11或污染物净化器14连接，并由控制器控制蠕动泵11或污染物净化器14运行，当污染物净化器14中的污染物含量较低时，通过污染物净化器14回收电极室3内的电解液6，若污染物含量高出净化器承受能力时，可以排出至特定收集处理装置中，不作为本发明的保护范围，在此不做赘述。
（4）向上提拉嵌套筒体的从内向外数的第二层筒体，使其底部与最内层筒体的上端口通过卡扣连接固定，采用人工或机械下压电极室，采用上述方法对更深一层的污染软黏土进行修复；在该实施例中，电极室至少包括最内层筒体、第二层筒体和最外层筒体。
（5）重复上述污染软黏土修复处理步骤，最终实现污染软黏土的治理。
所述步骤（3）采用的电解液为有助于污染物析出的化学试剂，如小分子有机酸、表面活性剂和络合剂等。当阳极电极所对应的电极室3的水位降至某一位置，水位传感器将信号传给控制器，控制器控制蠕动泵11工作，使其通过储液瓶12向电极室3加入电解液6，当阴极所对应的电极室3的电解液超过某一位置，水位传感器将信号传给控制器，控制器控制污染物净化器14工作，使其将电极室3内的液体通过软管13吸出净化后排入储液瓶12，在本实施例中，该污染物净化器14具有泵的功能，可将电极室3内的液体泵入储液瓶12。
所述步骤（2）电极的通电方式实施例如图8和图9所示，电极及电极室3呈环形布置，当电极环数为3环时，首先将连接中环和内环电极的导线分别与直流电源1的正极和负极连接，达到预定通电时间后，切断电源；再将外环和中环电极分别与直流电源1的正负极连接，达到预定通电时间后，切断电源；重复上述两步骤，如此循环通电，通电方式10如图中箭头指向所示。当电极环数为4环时，与上述方法相同，将各环电极由内向外与直流电源连接，进行循环通电。当电极环数为5环时，类似地循环递进通电，其中最内两环和最外两环电极可同时通电。
通过上述实施例，本发明采用嵌套筒体组成的电极室，通过置于地表以上的电极并不断向污染软黏土中增设深度，提高污染软黏土的修复效率，解决现有污染土电动修复技术停留于室内试验研究，难以应用于现场实际工程的难题，有助于促进基础研究成果走向应用。
Claims (10)
- 一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，包括电极室、导电系统和污染物提取系统；所述电极室设置为单个筒体或由多个筒体嵌套组成，其中，多个筒体嵌套组成的电极室中最外层筒体一端设置有支架盖，所述支架盖上布置有电极孔；所述导电系统包括多个电极和直流电源，所述电极竖直设置且穿过支架盖的电极孔延伸至电极室的电解液中，所述电极均不与土体直接接触；所述污染物提取系统包括储液瓶、蠕动泵和污染物净化器；所述储液瓶通过软管连接蠕动泵或污染物净化器，所述蠕动泵或污染物净化器通过软管连接电极室。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，所述支架盖上设置有软管孔，所述软管一端通过支架盖上的软管孔进入电极室，另一端与蠕动泵、污染物净化器或储液瓶进行连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，单个筒体的所述电极室的一侧设置上嘴，所述软管的一端通过上嘴连接电极室，另一端与蠕动泵、污染物净化器或储液瓶进行连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，所述电极室至少包括最内层筒体和最外层筒体，其中，最内层筒体的高度是其他层筒体高度的1.2-1.5倍，所述电极室可通过提拉使嵌套的各筒体依次展开，展开后的相邻两筒体通过端部的卡扣进行固定连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于，所述支架盖具有内螺纹可与电极室最外层筒体端口的外螺纹进行连接，所述支架盖上的电极孔由4根骨架支撑。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于：所述电极通过支架盖固定于电极室内，场地内的所述电极可呈矩形、环形或梅花形形式进行布置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种修复污染软黏土的装置，其特征在于：所述电极室内设置有水位传感器，所述水位传感器用于监测电极室水位并将水位信号发送给控制器，所述水位传感器和控制器配合用于控制蠕动泵与污染净化器自动运行。
- 一种采用权利要求1至7任一项所述装置进行修复污染软黏土的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：S1、按设计要求将电极室超出其他筒体长度部分的最内层筒体垂直压入污染软黏土中，将洗净砂投入电极室底部3~5cm厚；S2、将支架盖与电极室最外层筒体端口进行螺接，电极通过支架盖的电极孔送入电极室，电极不与电极室内的土体接触，通过调整支架盖的骨架将电极固定于电极室的中轴线，按要求将电极与直流电源通过导线连接；S3、将软管一端通过支架盖的软管孔送入电极室预定位置，按设计要求向电极室注入电解液到所需刻度，开启直流电源进行通电，污染软黏土进行修复；若水位传感器所监测到电极室内水位高于所设定值，按污染物的种类，将电极室的软管与蠕动泵或污染物净化器连接，并控制其运行，当污染物净化器中的污染物含量较低时，通过污染物净化器回收电极室内的电解液；S4、向上提拉嵌套筒体的从内向外数的第二层筒体，使其底部与最内层筒体的上端口通过卡扣连接固定，采用人工或机械下压电极室，采用上述方法对更深一层的污染软黏土进行修复；S5、重复上述污染软黏土修复处理步骤，最终实现污染软黏土的治理。
- 根据权利要求8所述的修复污染软黏土的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2电极与直流电源的连接方式，依据电极的布置形式将不同阵列的电极分别用导线连接，再与直流电源的正极或负极交替连接，以实现循环递进式通电。
- 根据权利要求8所述的修复污染软黏土的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3采用的电解液为有助于污染物析出的化学试剂，所述化学试剂包括小分子有机酸、表面活性剂和络合剂。
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| LU500806B1 (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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