WO2022104511A1 - 无线充电设备和终端设备 - Google Patents

无线充电设备和终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022104511A1
WO2022104511A1 PCT/CN2020/129372 CN2020129372W WO2022104511A1 WO 2022104511 A1 WO2022104511 A1 WO 2022104511A1 CN 2020129372 W CN2020129372 W CN 2020129372W WO 2022104511 A1 WO2022104511 A1 WO 2022104511A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
capacitor
wireless charging
secondary coil
charging device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/129372
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郜笠旭
黄冬其
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20961803.2A priority Critical patent/EP4231499A4/en
Priority to CN202080103631.XA priority patent/CN116250162A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/129372 priority patent/WO2022104511A1/zh
Publication of WO2022104511A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022104511A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20—The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/22—The load being a portable electronic device

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of circuit technologies, and in particular, to a wireless charging device and a terminal device.
  • the principle of electromagnetic coupling is usually used to complete the transfer of electric energy from the coil in the charging base to the coil in the mobile device, so as to realize the charging of the mobile device.
  • the two ends of the coil in the mobile device are coupled with capacitors to form a parallel resonant circuit with the coil.
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit needs to be around 1 MHz.
  • the parallel resonant circuit with a resonance frequency of about 1 MHz may affect the stability of other components in the power receiving circuit. Therefore, how to ensure the stability of other components in the power receiving circuit becomes a problem that needs to be solved.
  • the wireless charging device and the terminal device provided by the present application can improve the stability of the wireless charging device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging device, the wireless charging device includes: a first receiving circuit and a second receiving circuit; wherein: the first receiving circuit includes a parallel resonant circuit, and the parallel resonant circuit uses receiving a first electromagnetic induction signal from a transmitting circuit, forming a parallel resonant circuit based on the first electromagnetic induction signal to trigger the transmitting circuit to transmit a second electromagnetic induction signal; the second receiving circuit is coupled to a load, and the second receiving circuit The receiving circuit is used for receiving the second electromagnetic induction signal from the transmitting circuit, and generating electric energy based on the second electromagnetic induction signal and supplying it to the load to charge the load.
  • the triggering of the transmitting circuit from transmitting the first electromagnetic induction signal to transmitting the second electromagnetic induction signal is realized based on the Qi protocol introduced by the low-frequency wireless power transmission standard organization (WPC, wireless power consortium).
  • WPC wireless power transmission standard organization
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit in the first receiving circuit is 1MHz, that is to say, the parallel resonant circuit with a resonant frequency of about 1MHz will form a parallel resonant circuit based on the first electromagnetic induction signal
  • the induced current in the parallel resonant circuit in turn affects the transmitting circuit, which is detected by the transmitting circuit and triggers the transmitting circuit to transmit a second electromagnetic induction signal
  • the induced current in the parallel resonant circuit with other resonant frequencies far from 1MHz in turn affects the primary
  • the coil L1 will not trigger the transmitting circuit 01 to transmit the second electromagnetic induction signal.
  • the second electromagnetic induction signal includes an alternating current, and the frequency range of the alternating current is 110KHz ⁇ 205KHz.
  • the first receiving circuit and the second receiving circuit that is, the parts that are used to respond to the transmitting circuit to be recognized by the transmitting circuit, independent of the transmission path used to transmit power to the load, it is possible to avoid the need for the receiving circuit.
  • a parallel resonant circuit is generated on the transmission path for outputting power to the load, or the resonant frequency of the parallel resonance generated on the transmission path for outputting power to the load in the receiving circuit is set away from 1MHz, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the receiving circuit.
  • the parallel resonant circuit includes a first secondary coil and a first capacitor; the first capacitor is coupled to both ends of the first secondary coil.
  • the second receiving circuit further includes a first series resonant circuit and a first rectifier bridge; the first series resonant circuit generates a first alternating current based on the second electromagnetic induction signal and provides it to the the first rectifier bridge; the first rectifier bridge generates a first direct current based on the first alternating current, and provides the first direct current to the load.
  • the first rectifier bridge includes a plurality of first transistors; the second receiving circuit further includes a driving circuit for driving the plurality of first transistors to be turned on or off; wherein , the driving circuit and the plurality of first transistors are integrated in the same chip.
  • the first receiving circuit further includes a second series resonant circuit and a second rectifier bridge; the second series resonant circuit generates a second alternating current based on the second electromagnetic induction signal and provides it to the the second rectifier bridge; the second rectifier bridge generates a second direct current based on the second alternating current to provide power to the chip.
  • the capability of supplying power to the chip can be enhanced, so that the second receiving circuit can stably supply power to the load.
  • the first series resonant circuit includes a second secondary coil and a second capacitor; one end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the first rectifier bridge through the second capacitor The first input end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the second input end of the first rectifier bridge.
  • the second receiving circuit further includes a third capacitor; one end of the third capacitor is coupled to one end of the second secondary coil through the second capacitor, and the third The other end of the capacitor is coupled to the other end of the second secondary coil.
  • the second series resonant circuit includes the first secondary coil and a fourth capacitor; the fourth capacitor is coupled between one end of the first secondary coil and the second capacitor between the first input ends of the rectifier bridge; the other end of the first secondary coil is coupled to the second input end of the second rectifier bridge.
  • the wireless charging device further includes the transmitting circuit; the transmitting circuit is configured to: transmit a first electromagnetic induction signal, and when a change of the first electromagnetic induction signal is detected, transmit a first electromagnetic induction signal. 2. Electromagnetic induction signal.
  • the transmitting circuit includes an inverter and a third series resonant circuit; the inverter is configured to convert the DC input of the power source into an AC and provide the third series resonant circuit; the The third series resonance circuit generates the first electromagnetic induction signal and the second electromagnetic induction signal based on the alternating current output by the inverter.
  • the third series resonance includes a primary coil and a fifth capacitor; one end of the primary coil is coupled to the first output end of the inverter through the fifth capacitor; the The other end of the primary coil is coupled to the second output of the inverter.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, where the terminal device includes a first receiving circuit and a second receiving circuit in the wireless charging device according to the first aspect.
  • the terminal device further includes a load; the load is coupled with the output end of the second receiving circuit; the second receiving circuit is used for charging the load.
  • the load here may include, but is not limited to: batteries, various processors or other types of devices that drive the terminal equipment, such as graphics processors (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), central processing units (Central Processing Unit, CPU), computing Accelerators or various digital circuits and analog circuits, etc.; the load 40 can also be various integrated circuit chips, and the integrated circuit chips include but are not limited to artificial intelligence chips, image processing chips, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging device in the conventional technology
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a second receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a first receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power transmitting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • references herein to "first,” “second,” and similar terms do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish the various components. Likewise, words such as “a” or “an” do not denote a quantitative limitation, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Words like “connected” or “coupled” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect, equivalent to communication in a broad sense.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiments or designs described in the embodiments of the present application as “exemplary” or “such as” should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present the related concepts in a specific manner.
  • the meaning of "plurality” refers to two or more. For example, a plurality of transistors refers to two or more transistors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the wireless charging device 10 provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the wireless charging device shown in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an electric toothbrush, a tablet computer, and the like.
  • the wireless charging device includes two parts: a transmitting circuit 01 and a receiving circuit 02 .
  • the receiving circuit 02 is provided in the terminal equipment, and the transmitting circuit 01 is independent of the terminal equipment.
  • the transmitter circuit 01 and the receiver circuit 02 in the wireless charging device can be independently produced and sold.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 and the voltage conversion circuit are installed in the same product (such as a wireless charging stand) for sale, and the receiving circuit 02 is installed in a terminal device for sale.
  • the transmit circuit 01 may be coupled to a power source 20 .
  • the power source 20 may be a voltage source that provides direct current.
  • the power supply 20 may include a home network and a voltage conversion circuit (eg, a power adapter), and the transmitting circuit 01 is coupled to the home network through the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the voltage conversion circuit converts the alternating current provided by the home network into direct current, and then provides it to the transmitting circuit 01 to supply power to the transmitting circuit 01 .
  • the power source 20 may also include a battery, and the battery may also directly provide direct current to the transmitting circuit 01 .
  • the voltage supplied to the transmitting circuit 01 may be adjustable from ten volts to several tens of volts.
  • the receiving circuit 02 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first receiving circuit 021 and a second receiving circuit 022 .
  • the output terminal of the second receiving circuit 022 is coupled to the load 40 to charge the load 40 .
  • the load 40 here may include, but is not limited to: batteries, various processors or other types of devices that drive the terminal device to run, such as a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), A computing accelerator or various digital circuits and analog circuits, etc.; the load 40 can also be various integrated circuit chips, and the integrated circuit chips include but are not limited to artificial intelligence chips, image processing chips, and the like.
  • the second receiving circuit 022 usually cannot be directly coupled with a load such as a battery, a processor or a chip, and usually passes through a DC-DC (DC-DC) conversion circuit 30 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 30 is used for converting the voltage output by the second receiving circuit 022 into a voltage required for charging or running the load 40 to supply power to the load 40 .
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 30 may include, but is not limited to, an inductive voltage conversion circuit such as a buck (Buck) circuit, a boost (Boost) circuit, or a boost-buck (Boost-Buck) circuit, and may also include a switch.
  • Capacitive voltage conversion circuits such as capacitor circuits, the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging device.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 includes a primary coil L1
  • the first receiving circuit 021 includes a secondary coil L2
  • the second receiving circuit 022 includes a secondary coil L3.
  • the primary coil L1 is coupled to the secondary coil L2 and the secondary coil L3, respectively.
  • the secondary coil L2 and the secondary coil L3 are separate coils; in the second possible implementation manner, the secondary coil L2 and the secondary coil L3 may be drawn from the same coil
  • the two groups of coils formed by multiple taps are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with both ends of the tap of the secondary coil L2.
  • the capacitor C1 and the secondary coil L2 form a parallel resonant circuit.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 inverts the direct current provided by the power source 20 into alternating current and supplies it to the primary coil L1. Based on the principle of electromagnetic coupling, the primary coil L1 transmits electrical energy to the secondary coil L2 in the first receiving circuit 021 and the secondary coil L3 in the second receiving circuit 022 .
  • the specific circuit structure of the transmitting circuit 01 refers to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the transmitting circuit 01 after the transmitting circuit 01 is connected to the power supply, it usually works in the first working mode.
  • the first working mode is used to transmit the first electromagnetic signal to identify the receiving circuit.
  • the second working mode is entered, and the second working mode is used for transmitting the second electromagnetic signal to charge the load.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 can continuously or periodically generate low-power alternating current on the primary coil L1, that is, the primary coil L1 generates an alternating current, and the current is relatively small.
  • the power on the primary coil L1 is transferred to the secondary coil L2 in the first receiving circuit 021 and the secondary coil L3 in the second receiving circuit 022 based on electromagnetic induction. Since the energy transmitted by the primary coil L1 to the secondary coil L2 and the secondary coil L3 is weak at this time, the voltage in the second receiving circuit cannot drive the transistors in the rectifier bridge of the second receiving circuit 022 to conduct (the first For the specific structure of the second receiving circuit 022, refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4), that is, a closed loop cannot be formed. After the secondary coil L2 obtains energy from the primary coil L1, an induced current is generated on the secondary coil L2.
  • the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with both ends of the secondary coil L2, that is, the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C1 form a parallel resonant circuit, and current flows in the parallel resonant circuit.
  • the induced current on the secondary coil L2 is higher than the total current input by the circuit, so the current on the secondary coil L2 will in turn affect the current flowing through the primary coil L1, changing the current on the primary coil L1.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 is triggered to switch from the first working state to the second working state.
  • the transition of triggering the transmitting circuit 01 from the first working state to the second working state is realized based on the Qi protocol introduced by the low-frequency wireless power transmission standard organization (WPC, wireless power consortium).
  • WPC wireless power transmission standard organization
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit formed by the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C1 is 1 MHz, that is, the resonant frequency
  • the induced current in the parallel resonant circuit of about 1MHz in turn affects the primary coil L1, and the effect is detected by the transmitter circuit 01 before the transmitter circuit 01 can be triggered to enter the second operating mode, and other resonant frequencies are far away from the 1MHz parallel resonance circuit.
  • the induced current in turn affects the primary coil L1 and will not trigger the transmitter circuit 01 to enter the second operating mode.
  • the transmitting circuit 01 will also go through multiple processes such as communication identification.
  • both the transmitting circuit 01 and the second receiving circuit 022 are provided with a control circuit (or controller), in order to determine the change of the original current amplitude on the primary coil L1 is the receiving circuit 02, not other objects (such as a magnet block).
  • control circuit in the transmitting circuit 01 after the control circuit in the transmitting circuit 01 detects the change of the original current amplitude on the primary coil L1, it will also control the transmitting circuit 01 to send an electromagnetic induction signal of a specific frequency based on the regulations in the Qi protocol, and the second receiving After detecting the electromagnetic induction signal of the specific frequency, the control circuit in the circuit 022 controls the second receiving circuit 022 to transmit the electromagnetic induction signal of the specific amplitude to the transmitting circuit 01 as a response. After the transmitting circuit 01 and the second receiving circuit 022 complete the preparation for power transmission according to the agreement, they can enter the second working state.
  • a secondary coil Lb, a capacitor Ca and a capacitor Cb are usually set.
  • the capacitor Cb is connected in parallel with both ends of the secondary coil Lb through the capacitor Ca, and the load is coupled at the output end of the power receiving circuit, as shown in Figure 3 .
  • the parallel resonance frequency of the parallel resonance circuit formed by the secondary coil Lb and the capacitor Cb is 1 MHz.
  • the closed current loop is used to be recognized by the power transmitting circuit; however, when the power transmitting circuit works in the second working mode, the resonance formed by the secondary coil Lb and the capacitor Cb There will be current oscillations in a parallel resonant circuit with a frequency of 1MHz.
  • the control circuit in the power receiving circuit controls the on and off of the transistors in the rectifier bridge by detecting the current in the power receiving circuit.
  • the period and amplitude of the oscillating current generated when the parallel resonant frequency is 1MHz is easily detected by the control circuit erroneously, so that the transistor in the rectifier is turned on when it should not be turned on, or turned off when it should not be turned off, thus affecting the Rectifier stability.
  • the first receiving circuit 021 and the second receiving circuit 022 that is, the parts that will be used to respond to the transmitting circuit 01 to be recognized by the transmitting circuit 01, independent of the transmission path used to transmit power to the load, it is possible to Avoid parallel resonant circuits on the transmission path that outputs power to the load in the receiving circuit, or set the resonant frequency of the parallel resonance generated on the transmission path that outputs power to the load in the receiving circuit away from 1MHz, so as to improve the performance of the receiving circuit. stability.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the receiving circuit 02 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the receiving circuit 02 includes a first receiving circuit 021 and a second receiving circuit 022 .
  • the first receiving circuit 021 includes a secondary coil L2 and a capacitor C1.
  • the working principle of the first receiving circuit 021 is specifically referred to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the second receiving circuit 022 also includes a capacitor C2, a rectifier bridge Rec1 and a capacitor C3.
  • the rectifier bridge Rec1 includes a first input terminal Va1, a second input terminal Va2 and an output terminal Vo1.
  • the first tap of the secondary coil L3 is coupled to the first input end Va1 of the rectifier bridge Rec1 through the capacitor C2, and the second tap of the secondary coil L3 is coupled to the second input end Va2 of the rectifier bridge Rec1.
  • the capacitor C3 is coupled between the output end Vo1 of the rectifier bridge Rec1 and the common ground Gnd.
  • the output terminal Vo1 of the rectifier bridge is coupled with the load as shown in FIG. 2 for outputting electric energy to the load.
  • the second receiving circuit 022 after the primary coil L1 as shown in FIG. 2 transmits electrical energy to the secondary coil L3, a periodic alternating current is generated on the secondary coil L3.
  • the alternating current is supplied to the rectifier bridge Rec1 after passing through the series resonant circuit formed by the secondary coil L3 and the capacitor C2.
  • the rectifier bridge Rec1 rectifies the input alternating current and converts it into direct current, and provides it to the output terminal Vo1.
  • the current at the output end Vo1 is filtered by the capacitor C3 and then transmitted to the DC-DC conversion circuit as shown in Figure 1, and finally charges the load through the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the bridge arm of the rectifier bridge Rec1 is composed of transistors, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the rectifier bridge Rec1 includes a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3 and a transistor M4.
  • the first pole of the transistor M1 and the first pole of the transistor M2 are coupled to the output terminal Vo1 of the rectifier bridge Rec1
  • the second pole of the transistor M1 and the first pole of the transistor M3 are coupled to the first input terminal Va1
  • the first pole of the transistor M2 is coupled to the first input terminal Va1.
  • the diode and the first terminal of the transistor M4 are coupled to the second input Va2, and the second terminal of the transistor M3 and the second terminal of the transistor M4 are coupled to the common ground Gnd.
  • the second receiving circuit 022 further includes a control circuit.
  • the control circuit is used to control the on and off of transistor M1, transistor M2, transistor M3 and transistor M4 to realize rectification of the current input by the series resonant circuit composed of secondary coil L3 and capacitor C2.
  • the transistor M1 , the transistor M2 , the transistor M3 and the transistor M4 may be NMOS type field effect transistors or PMOS type field effect transistors, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first electrode may be a source electrode
  • the second electrode may be a drain electrode
  • the first electrode may be a drain electrode
  • the second electrode may be a source electrode.
  • the control circuit can control each transistor to turn on by detecting the voltage across the two ends of each transistor, and control each transistor to turn off by detecting the zero-crossing current on each transistor.
  • the following description takes the transistor M1 as an example.
  • the control circuit detects that the voltage of the second pole coupled to the first input terminal Va1 in the transistor M1 is higher than the voltage of the first pole coupled to the output terminal Vo1, the control transistor M1 is turned on; when the control circuit detects that the transistor M1 is on
  • the transistor M1 can be controlled to be turned off when the current zero crosses (that is, from the positive direction to the negative direction or from the negative direction to the positive direction).
  • the control of the other transistors by the control circuit refers to the control of the transistor M1, and details are not repeated here.
  • the control circuit can also be used to communicate with the transmit circuit 01 based on the Qi protocol.
  • the structure of the second receiving circuit 022 may also be as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the second receiving circuit 022 includes a secondary coil L3 , a capacitor C2 , a rectifier bridge Rec1 and a capacitor C3 , and the structures and connection relationships of the components are the same as those of the related components in the second receiving circuit 022 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the second receiving circuit 022 further includes a capacitor C4 .
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit formed by the capacitor C4 and the secondary coil L3 is far from 1 MHz, which may be much higher than 1 MHz, or much lower than 1 MHz.
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit formed by the capacitor C4 and the secondary coil L3 may be 5MHz.
  • the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit composed of the secondary coil L3 and the capacitor C4 By setting the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit composed of the secondary coil L3 and the capacitor C4 away from 1MHz, the period and amplitude of the oscillating current generated by the parallel resonance can be changed, thereby avoiding the control circuit from misjudging it as a control rectifier bridge.
  • the signal that the transistor in Rec1 is turned on or off can also improve the stability of the receiving circuit.
  • each transistor included in the rectifier bridge Rec1 shown in the embodiment of the present application and the control circuit for controlling each transistor to be turned on or off may be integrated into the same integrated chip.
  • the rectifier bridge Rec1 shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 is composed of transistors, the operation of each transistor requires a power supply to provide a suitable bias voltage.
  • the driving circuit used to drive the transistor to turn on or off also needs power supply.
  • the first receiving circuit 021 can also supply power to the above-mentioned integrated chip. Based on this, in a possible implementation manner, the structure of the first receiving circuit 021 is shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the first receiving circuit 021 in addition to the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C1, the first receiving circuit 021 also includes a capacitor C5, a rectifier bridge Rec2 and a capacitor C6.
  • One end of the capacitor C5 is coupled to one of the taps of the secondary coil L2, the other end of the capacitor C5 is coupled with one end of the capacitor C1 and the first input Va3 of the rectifier bridge Rec2, and the second input Va4 of the rectifier bridge Rec2 is connected to the capacitor.
  • the other end of C1 and the other tap of the secondary coil L2 are coupled together, the output end Vo2 of the rectifier bridge Rec2 is used for outputting electric energy, and the capacitor C6 is coupled between the output end Vo2 of the rectifier bridge Rec2 and the common ground Gnd.
  • the capacitance value of the capacitor C5 is greater than the capacitance value of the capacitor C1, and in addition, the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit composed of the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C5 needs to be 100KHz.
  • the transmitter circuit 01 works in the first working mode
  • the primary coil L1 transfers energy to the secondary coil L2, and the current in the parallel resonant circuit formed by the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C1 in turn affects the current in the primary coil L1,
  • the transmitting circuit 01 is triggered to work in the second working mode.
  • the energy transmitted by the transmitting circuit 01 is partially received by the secondary coil L2, and partially received by the secondary coil L3, and the secondary coil L2 and the secondary coil L3 generate induced currents respectively.
  • the series resonance circuit composed of the secondary coil L3 and the capacitor C2 transmits the induced current on the secondary coil L3 to the rectifier bridge Rec1, and the rectifier bridge Rec1 converts the alternating current into direct current and outputs it to the load.
  • the series resonant circuit composed of the secondary coil L2 and the capacitor C5 transmits the induced current on the secondary coil L2 to the rectifier bridge Rec2, which converts the alternating current into direct current to supply power to the integrated chip.
  • the bridge arm of the rectifier bridge Rec2 may be a diode, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the bridge arm of the rectifier bridge Rec2 can also be a transistor.
  • the structure of the rectifier bridge Rec2 is the same as that of the rectifier bridge Rec1 shown in FIG. .
  • the power receiving circuit is only provided in one secondary coil (refer to Fig. 3 for details)
  • the energy obtained by the power receiving circuit itself is usually used to supply power to the integrated chip.
  • the distance between the power receiving circuit and the power transmitting circuit is long or the electromagnetic induction is weak due to the excessive placement position, the current in the power transmitting circuit is weak and cannot drive the integrated chip to work.
  • the power supply capability of the above-mentioned integrated chip can be enhanced, so that the second receiving circuit 022 can stably supply power to the load.
  • the number of turns of the secondary coil L2 is greater than the number of turns of the secondary coil L3.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the transmitting circuit 01 .
  • the transmitting circuit 01 includes an inverter (Inverter, IV) and a series resonance circuit.
  • the inverter IV is composed of a plurality of transistors.
  • the inverter includes a transistor M5 , a transistor M6 , a transistor M7 and a transistor M8 .
  • the first pole of the transistor M5 and the first pole of the transistor M6 are coupled to the forward input terminal V+ of the transmitter circuit 01
  • the second pole of the transistor M5 and the first pole of the transistor M7 are coupled to the first output terminal of the inverter Vo3
  • the second pole of transistor M6 and the first pole of transistor M8 are coupled to the second output terminal Vo4 of the inverter.
  • the second pole of transistor M7 and the second pole of transistor M8 are coupled to the inverting input V- of the transmitter circuit 01.
  • the reverse input terminal may be the common ground terminal Gnd.
  • the series resonant circuit in the transmitting circuit 01 shown in FIG. 7 may include a capacitor C0 and a primary coil L1.
  • the transmitter circuit 01 shown in FIG. 7 also includes a control circuit, which is used to control the on or off of each transistor forming the inverter IV, so as to control the magnitude of the electric energy output by the transmitter circuit 01.
  • the control circuit is not shown in 7.
  • the control circuit controls the magnitude of the current in the series resonant circuit by controlling the switching frequency of each transistor and the duty cycle of each transistor.
  • the control circuit can also trigger the transition between the first working mode and the second working mode by detecting the current change in the primary coil L1 based on the Qi protocol.
  • the transistor M5 and the transistor M8 are turned on in the first period, and the transistor M6 and the transistor M7 are turned on in the second period, wherein the duration of the first period is the same as the first period.
  • the duration of the two periods is short, that is, the switching frequency of each transistor is relatively high, so that the switching frequency of each transistor is far away from the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit formed by the capacitor C0 and the primary coil L1.
  • the current flowing in the primary coil L1 is relatively small, that is, the electric energy output by the transmitting circuit 01 is relatively small.
  • control circuit in the transmitting circuit 01 detects that the amplitude of the current flowing in the primary coil L1 changes, it adjusts the switching frequency of the above-mentioned transistors and adjusts the duty cycle of each transistor, so that the switching frequency of each transistor reaches the capacitance C0 and The resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit formed by the primary coil L1 increases the current flowing in the primary coil L1, thereby increasing the power output by the transmitting circuit 01.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device.
  • the terminal device can be a portable computer (such as a mobile phone), a notebook computer, a wearable electronic device (such as a smart watch), a tablet computer, an augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) device, or an electric toothbrush, etc.
  • the terminal device shown in this application includes the receiving circuit shown in any of the embodiments of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 .

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Abstract

一种无线充电设备和终端设备，该无线充电设备(10)包括第一接收电路(021)和第二接收电路(022)；其中：所述第一接收电路(021)包括并联谐振电路，所述并联谐振电路用于从发射电路(01)接收第一电磁感应信号，基于所述第一电磁感应信号形成并联谐振回路以触发所述发射电路(01)传输第二电磁感应信号；所述第二接收电路(022)与负载耦合，所述第二接收电路(022)用于从所述发射电路(01)接收所述第二电磁感应信号，基于所述第二电磁感应信号产生电能提供至所述负载，以向所述负载充电，无线充电设备(10)可以稳定的向负载充电。

Description

无线充电设备和终端设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电路技术领域，尤其涉及一种无线充电设备和终端设备。
背景技术
随着电子技术的发展，移动设备的性能得到了日益提升。越来越多的用户喜爱利用移动设备完成各种事情，这就导致移动设备的电量消耗过高，需要及时充电。为了提高移动设备充电的便利性，应用于移动设备的无线充电技术应运而生且得到广泛的应用。当采用无线充电技术为移动设备充电时，可以不需要通过导线将移动设备与电源适配器连接，直接将移动设备放置在充电基座上即可完成充电。
传统无线充电技术中，通常采用电磁耦合原理完成电能由充电基座中的线圈向移动设备中的线圈的转移，实现对移动设备的充电。为了完成充基座对移动设备的识别以触发充电基座对移动设备的充电，移动设备中的线圈两端耦合有电容以与线圈形成并联谐振电路。基于低频无线电力传输的标准组织(WPC，wireless power consortium)所推出的Qi协议中的规定，上述并联谐振电路的谐振频率需要在1MHz左右。当充电基座完成对移动设备的识别以向移动设备充电时，该谐振频率为1MHz左右的并联谐振电路可能会影响电能接收电路中其他部件的稳定性。由此，如何保障电能接收电路中其他部件工作的稳定性，成为需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供的无线充电设备和终端设备，可以提高无线充电设备的稳定性。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种无线充电设备，该无线充电设备包括：第一接收电路和第二接收电路；其中：所述第一接收电路包括并联谐振电路，所述并联谐振电路用于从发射电路接收第一电磁感应信号，基于所述第一电磁感应信号形成并联谐振回路以触发所述发射电路传输第二电磁感应信号；所述第二接收电路与负载耦合，所述第二接收电路用于从所述发射电路接收所述第二电磁感应信号，基于所述第二电磁感应信号产生电能提供至所述负载，以向所述负载充电。
这里，触发发射电路由发射第一电磁感应信号转换为发射第二电磁感应信号是基于低频无线电力传输的标准组织(WPC，wireless power consortium)所推出的Qi协议实现的。具体的，基于Qi协议中的规定，第一接收电路中的并联谐振电路的谐振频率为1MHz，也即是说，谐振频率为1MHz左右的并联谐振电路基于第一电磁感应信号会形成并联谐振回路，该并联谐振回路中的感应电流反过来影响发射电路，该影响被发射电路检测到后触发发射电路发射第二电磁感应信号，其它谐振频率远离1MHz的并联谐振电路中的感应电流反过来影响初级线圈L1，不会触发发射电路01发射第二电磁感应信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二电磁感应信号包括交变电流，该交变电流的频率范围为110KHz～205KHz。
本申请实施例通过设置第一接收电路和第二接收电路，也即将用于响应发射电路以被发射电路识别的部分，独立于用于向负载传输电能的传输通路之外，可以避免接收电路中向负载输出电能的传输通路上产生并联谐振回路，或者将接收电路中向负载输出电能的传输通路上所产生的并联谐振的谐振频率设置于远离1MHz，从而有利于提高接收电路的稳定性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述并联谐振电路包括第一次级线圈和第一电容；所述第一电容耦合在所述第一次级线圈的两端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二接收电路还包括第一串联谐振电路和第一整流桥；所述第一串联谐振电路基于所述第二电磁感应信号生成第一交流电提供至所述第一整流桥；所述第一整流桥基于所述第一交流电生成第一直流电，提供至所述负载。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一整流桥包括多个第一晶体管；所述第二接收电路还包括用于驱动所述多个第一晶体管导通或关断的驱动电路；其中，所述驱动电路和所述多个第一晶体管集成于同一芯片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接收电路还包括第二串联谐振电路和第二整流桥；所述第二串联谐振电路基于所述第二电磁感应信号生成第二交流电提供至所述第二整流桥；所述第二整流桥基于所述第二交流电生成第二直流电以向所述芯片提供电能。
通过利用第一接收电路向次级线圈供电，可以增强为上述芯片供电的能力，从而使得第二接收电路可以稳定的为负载供电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一串联谐振电路包括第二次级线圈和第二电容；所述第二次级线圈的一端通过所述第二电容耦合至所述第一整流桥的第一输入端；所述第二次级线圈的另外一端耦合至所述第一整流桥的第二输入端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二接收电路还包括第三电容；所述第三电容的一端通过所述第二电容耦合至所述第二次级线圈的一端，所述第三电容的另一端耦合至所述第二次级线圈的另一端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二串联谐振电路包括所述第一次级线圈和第四电容；所述第四电容耦合在所述第一次级线圈的一端和所述第二整流桥的第一输入端之间；所述第一次级线圈的另外一端耦合至所述第二整流桥的第二输入端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述无线充电设备还包括所述发射电路；所述发射电路用于：发射第一电磁感应信号，在检测到所述第一电磁感应信号变化时，发射第二电磁感应信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述发射电路包括逆变器和第三串联谐振电路；所述逆变器用于将电源输入的直流转换成交流提供至所述第三串联谐振电路；所述第三串联谐振电路基于所述逆变器输出的交流，生成所述第一电磁感应信号和所述第二电磁感应信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三串联谐振包括初级线圈和第五电容；所述初级线圈的一端通过所述第五电容耦合至所述逆变器的第一输出端；所述初级线圈的另一端耦合至所述逆变器的第二输出端。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种终端设备，该终端设备包括如第一方面所述的无线 充电设备中的第一接收电路和第二接收电路。此外，该终端设备还包括负载；所述负载与所述第二接收电路的输出端耦合；所述第二接收电路用于向所述负载充电。
这里的负载可以包括但不限于：电池、驱动终端设备运行的各种处理器或其他类型的器件，例如图像处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)，中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、运算加速器或各类数字电路和模拟电路等；负载40还可以为各种集成电路芯片，该集成电路芯片包括不限于人工智能芯片、图像处理芯片等。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备的一个应用场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备的结构示意图；
图3是传统技术中无线充电设备的一个结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的第二接收设备的一个结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的第二接收设备的又一个结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的第一接收设备的又一个结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的电能发射设备的一个结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本文所提及的"第一"、"第二"以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，"一个"或者"一"等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。"连接"或者"耦合"等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的，等同于广义上的联通。
在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个或两个以上。例如，多个晶体管是指两个或两个以上的晶体管。
请参考图1，其示出了申请实施例提供的无线充电设备10的一个应用场景示意图。本申请实施例所示的无线充电设备可以应用于终端设备。该终端设备可以包括但不限于：手机、可穿戴设备、电动牙刷、平板电脑等。如图1所示，该无线充电设备包括发射电路01和接收电路02两部分。通常，接收电路02设置于终端设备中，发射电路01独立于终端设备之外。无线充电设备中的发射电路01和接收电路02可以分别独立生产和销售。例 如，发射电路01与电压转换电路设置于同一产品(例如无线充电座)中进行销售，接收电路02设置于终端设备中销售。
如图1所示，发射电路01可以与电源20耦合。该电源20可以为提供直流电的电压源。具体应用场景中，该电源20可以包括入户网和电压转换电路(例如电源适配器)，发射电路01通过电压转换电路耦合至入户网。电压转换电路将入户网提供的交流电转换成直流电后提供至发射电路01，为发射电路01供电。此外，该电源20还可以包括电池，该电池也可以向发射电路01直接提供直流电。通常，提供至发射电路01的电压可以在十伏至几十伏可调。
如图1所示的接收电路02包括第一接收电路021和第二接收电路022。其中，第二接收电路022的输出端与负载40耦合，以向负载40充电。这里的负载40可以包括但不限于：电池、驱动终端设备运行的各种处理器或其他类型的器件，例如图像处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)，中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、运算加速器或各类数字电路和模拟电路等；负载40还可以为各种集成电路芯片，该集成电路芯片包括不限于人工智能芯片、图像处理芯片等。需要说明的是，第二接收电路022通常不能与电池、处理器或者芯片等负载直接耦合，其通常通过如图1所示的直流-直流(Direct current-Direct current，DC-DC)转换电路30与负载40耦合，DC-DC转换电路30用于将第二接收电路022输出的电压转换成负载40充电或运行所需要的电压为负载40供电。其中，DC-DC转换电路30可以包括但不限于：降压(Buck)电路、升压(Boost)电路或者升压-降压(Boost-Buck)电路等电感型电压转换电路，还可以包括开关电容电路等电容型电压转换电路，本申请实施例对DC-DC转换电路不作具体限定。
基于图1所示的应用场景，请参考图2，图2示出了无线充电设备的一个结构示意图。如图2所示，发射电路01包括原级线圈L1，第一接收电路021包括次级线圈L2，第二接收电路022包括次级线圈L3。原级线圈L1分别与次级线圈L2和次级线圈L3耦合。在第一种可能的实现方式中，次级线圈L2和次级线圈L3是分别独立的线圈；在第二种可能的实现方式中，次级线圈L2和次级线圈L3可以是由同一线圈引出多个抽头而形成的两组线圈，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。次级线圈L2的抽头两端并联有电容C1。电容C1与次级线圈L2形成并联谐振电路。发射电路01将电源20提供的直流电逆变成交流电提供至原级线圈L1。基于电磁耦合原理，原级线圈L1将电能传递至第一接收电路021中的次级线圈L2和第二接收电路022中的次级线圈L3。其中，发射电路01的具体电路结构参考图8所示的实施例的相关描述。
具体实现中，发射电路01在接入电源中后，通常工作在第一工作模式，该第一工作模式用于发射第一电磁信号以识别接收电路，当发射电路01在识别出接收电路后，进入第二工作模式，该第二工作模式用于发射第二电磁信号向负载充电。发射电路01通过设置第一工作模式和第二工作模式，可以降低发射电路01的能耗、延长发射电路01的使用寿命。在第一工作模式中，发射电路01在原级线圈L1上可以持续的或者周期性的产生小功率的交流电，也即原级线圈L1上产生交变电流，该电流较小。当终端设备设置于无线充电座上之后，基于电磁感应，原级线圈L1上的电能传递至第一接收电路021中的次级线圈L2和第二接收电路022中的次级线圈L3。由于原级线圈L1此时传输至次级线圈L2和次级线圈L3中的能量较弱，此时第二接收电路中的电压无法驱动第二接收电路022的 整流桥中各晶体管导通(第二接收电路022的具体结构参考图4所示的实施例的相关描述)，也即无法形成闭合回路。次级线圈L2从初级线圈L1获取到能量后，次级线圈L2上产生感应电流。由于电容C1并联在次级线圈L2的两端，也即次级线圈L2与电容C1形成并联谐振回路，该并联谐振回路有电流流通。对于并联谐振回路来说，次级线圈L2上的感应电流高于电路输入的总电流，从而该次级线圈L2上的电流会反过来影响初级线圈L1流过的电流，改变初级线圈L1上的原有电流幅值，该幅值的改变被发射电路01检测到后，触发发射电路01由第一工作状态转换为第二工作状态。需要说明的是，触发发射电路01由第一工作状态转换为第二工作状态是基于低频无线电力传输的标准组织(WPC，wireless power consortium)所推出的Qi协议来实现的。具体的，基于Qi协议中的规定，在如图2所示的第一接收电路021中，次级线圈L2和电容C1所形成的并联谐振电路的谐振频率为1MHz，也即是说，谐振频率为1MHz左右的并联谐振电路中的感应电流反过来影响初级线圈L1，该影响被发射电路01检测到后才可以触发发射电路01进入第二工作模式，其它谐振频率远离1MHz的并联谐振电路中的感应电流反过来影响初级线圈L1，不会触发发射电路01进入第二工作模式。此外，发射电路01由第一工作状态转换为第二工作状态的过程中，还会经过诸如通信识别等多个过程。例如，发射电路01和的第二接收电路022中均设置有控制电路(或者控制器)，为了确定改变初级线圈L1上的原有电流幅值是接收电路02，而不是其他物体(例如磁铁块等)，发射电路01中的控制电路在检测出初级线圈L1上的原有电流幅值改变后，还会基于Qi协议中的规定，控制发射电路01发送特定频率的电磁感应信号，第二接收电路022中的控制电路在检测到该特定频率的电磁感应信号后，控制第二接收电路022向发射电路01传输特定幅度的电磁感应信号作为响应。发射电路01在与第二接收电路022根据协议完成功率发送准备后，可以进入第二工作状态。
传统电能接收电路中，通常设置一个次级线圈Lb、电容Ca和电容Cb，电容Cb通过电容Ca并联在次级线圈Lb的两端，在电能接收电路的输出端耦合负载，如图3所示。此外，基于上述Qi协议中的规定，次级线圈Lb和电容Cb所形成的并联谐振电路的并联谐振频率为1MHz。当初级线圈La将电能传递给次级线圈Lb后，次级线圈Lb和电容Cb形成并联谐振回路。当电能发射电路工作在第一工作模式时，该闭合的电流回路用于被电能发射电路识别；然而，当电能发射电路工作在第二工作模式时，次级线圈Lb和电容Cb所形成的谐振频率为1MHz并联谐振电路中会有电流震荡。通常电能接收电路中的控制电路通过检测电能接收电路中的电流来控制整流桥中的晶体管的导通和关断。该并联谐振频率为1MHz时产生的震荡电流的周期和幅度容易被控制电路错误检测，使得整流器中的晶体管在不应该导通的时间导通，或者在不应该关断的时间关断，从而影响整流器的稳定性。
本申请实施例通过设置第一接收电路021和第二接收电路022，也即将用于响应发射电路01以被发射电路01识别的部分，独立于用于向负载传输电能的传输通路之外，可以避免接收电路中向负载输出电能的传输通路上产生并联谐振回路，或者将接收电路中向负载输出电能的传输通路上所产生的并联谐振的谐振频率设置于远离1MHz，从而有利于提高接收电路的稳定性。
基于图1所示的应用场景、图2所示的无线充电设备的结构示意图，请继续参考图4，其示出了本申请实施例提供的接收电路02的一个结构示意图。
如图4所示，接收电路02包括第一接收电路021和第二接收电路022。第一接收电路021包括次级线圈L2和电容C1。第一接收电路021的工作原理具体参考图2所示的实施例中的相关描述，在此不再赘述。第二接收电路022除了包括次级线圈L3外，还包括电容C2、整流桥Rec1和电容C3。整流桥Rec1包括第一输入端Va1、第二输入端Va2和输出端Vo1。其中，次级线圈L3的第一抽头通过电容C2耦合至整流桥Rec1的第一输入端Va1，次级线圈L3的第二抽头耦合至整流桥Rec1的第二输入端Va2。电容C3耦合在整流桥Rec1的输出端Vo1和公共地Gnd之间。整流桥的输出端Vo1与如图2所示的负载耦合，用于向负载输出电能。在第二接收电路022中，如图2所示的初级线圈L1将电能传递至次级线圈L3后，次级线圈L3上产生周期性的交流电流。该交流电流通过次级线圈L3与电容C2所组成串联谐振电路后，提供至整流桥Rec1。整流桥Rec1将输入的交流电整流后转换成直流，提供至输出端Vo1。输出端Vo1的电流通过电容C3滤波后传输至如图1所示的DC-DC转换电路，最后经过DC-DC转换电路给负载充电。
本申请实施例中，整流桥Rec1的桥臂是由晶体管组成，具体如图4所示。整流桥Rec1包括晶体管M1、晶体管M2、晶体管M3和晶体管M4。其中，晶体管M1的第一极和晶体管M2的第一极耦合至整流桥Rec1的输出端Vo1，晶体管M1的第二极和晶体管M3的第一极耦合至第一输入端Va1，晶体管M2的第二极和晶体管M4的第一极耦合至第二输入端Va2，晶体管M3的第二极和晶体管M4的第二极耦合至公共地Gnd。此外，第二接收电路022还包括控制电路。该控制电路用于控制晶体管M1、晶体管M2、晶体管M3和晶体管M4的导通和断开，以实现对次级线圈L3和电容C2所组成的串联谐振电路所输入的电流的整流。其中，晶体管M1、晶体管M2、晶体管M3和晶体管M4可以为NMOS型场效应晶体管，也可以为PMOS型场效应晶体管，本申请实施例对此不作限定。当上述各晶体管为场效应晶体管时，上述第一极可以源极，第二极可以为漏极；或者，上述第一极可以为漏极，第二极可以为源极。具体工作中，控制电路可以通过检测各晶体管两端的电压来控制各晶体管导通，通过检测各晶体管上的过零电流来控制各晶体管关断。下面以晶体管M1为例进行描述。当控制电路检测到晶体管M1中与第一输入端Va1耦合的第二极的电压高于与输出端Vo1耦合的第一极的电压时，控制晶体管M1导通；当控制电路检测到晶体管M1上的电流过零点(也即由正向转为负向或者由负向转为正向)时，可以控制晶体管M1关断。控制电路对其他晶体管的控制参考对晶体管M1的控制，不再赘述。此外，控制电路还可以用于基于Qi协议与发射电路01通信。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二接收电路022的结构还可以如图5所示。在图5中，第二接收电路022包括次级线圈L3、电容C2、整流桥Rec1和电容C3，各部件的结构以及连接关系与图4所示的第二接收电路022中的相关部件的结构和连接关系相同，具体参考图4所示的第二接收电路022中的相关描述，在此不再赘述。与图4所示的第二接收电路022不同的是，在图5中，第二接收电路022还包括电容C4。电容C4的一端通过电容C2耦合至次级线圈L3的其中一个抽头，电容C4的另一端耦合至次级线圈L3的另外一个抽头。需要说明的是，电容C4与次级线圈L3所组成的并联谐振电路的谐振频率远离1MHz，其可以远高于1MHz，或者远低于1MHz。例如，电容C4与次级线圈L3所组成的并联谐振电路的谐振频率可以为5MHz。通过将次级线圈L3和电容C4组成的并联谐振电路的谐振频率设置为远离1MHz，可以改变由并联谐振所产生的震荡电流的周期和幅度， 从而可以避免控制电路将其误判为控制整流桥Rec1中的晶体管导通或关断的信号，同样可以提高接收电路的稳定性。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中所示的整流桥Rec1所包括的各晶体管与用于控制各晶体管导通或关断的控制电路可以集成于同一个集成芯片中。
由于如图4和图5所示的整流桥Rec1是由晶体管组成，各晶体管的工作均需要电源提供合适的偏置电压，此外，用于驱动晶体管导通或关断的驱动电路也需要电源供电，为了提高接收电路对所接收到的电能的利用率，第一接收电路021还可以向上述集成芯片供电。基于此，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一接收电路021的结构如图6所示。在图6中，第一接收电路021除了包括次级线圈L2和电容C1外，还包括电容C5、整流桥Rec2以及电容C6。电容C5的一端耦合至次级线圈L2的其中一个抽头，电容C5的另一端与电容C1的一端和整流桥Rec2的第一输入端Va3耦合在一起，整流桥Rec2的第二输入端Va4与电容C1的另一端以及次级线圈L2的另一抽头耦合在一起，整流桥Rec2的输出端Vo2用于输出电能，电容C6耦合在整流桥Rec2的输出端Vo2和公共地Gnd之间。其中，电容C5的容值大于电容C1的容值，此外需要满足次级线圈L2和电容C5组成的串联谐振电路的谐振频率为100KHz。当发射电路01工作在第一工作模式时，初级线圈L1将能量传递至次级线圈L2，次级线圈L2与电容C1所组成的并联谐振电路中的电流反过来影响初级线圈L1中的电流，从而触发发射电路01工作在第二工作模式。当发射电路01工作在第二工作模式时，发射电路01传递的能量部分被次级线圈L2接收，部分被次级线圈L3接收，次级线圈L2和次级线圈L3分别产生感应电流。次级线圈L3和电容C2组成的串联谐振电路将次级线圈L3上的感应电流传输至整流桥Rec1，整流桥Rec1将交流转换成直流输出至负载。次级线圈L2和电容C5组成的串联谐振电路将次级线圈L2上的感应电流传输至整流桥Rec2，整流桥Rec2将交流转换成直流为上述集成芯片供电。在本实施例中，整流桥Rec2的桥臂可以为二极管，如图5所示。在其他可能的实现方式中，整流桥Rec2的桥臂也可以为晶体管，此时整流桥Rec2的结构与如图4所示的整流桥Rec1的结构相同，本申请是实施例对此不再赘述。
传统技术中，电能接收电路由于仅设置于一个次级线圈(具体参考图3)，如果在电能接收电路中设置上述集成芯片，通常利用电能接收电路自身获得的能量为集成芯片供电，这样一来，当电能接收电路与电能发射电路之间的距离较远或者放置位置过偏导致电磁感应微弱时，电能发射电路中的电流较微弱，无法驱动集成芯片工作。本申请实施例通过利用第一接收电路021向上述集成芯片供电，可以增强为上述集成芯片的供电能力，从而使得第二接收电路022可以稳定的为负载供电。进一步的，为了提高次级线圈L2向上述集成芯片的供电电能，在一种可能的实现方式中，次级线圈L2的匝数多于次级线圈L3的匝数。
基于图1所示的应用场景，请继续参考图7，其示出了发射电路01的一个结构示意图。如图7所示，发射电路01包括逆变器(Inverter，IV)和串联谐振电路。其中，逆变器IV由多个晶体管组成。具体如图7所示，逆变器包括晶体管M5、晶体管M6、晶体管M7和晶体管M8。其中，晶体管M5的第一极和晶体管M6的第一极耦合至发射电路01的正向输入端V+，晶体管M5的第二极和晶体管M7的第一极耦合至逆变器的第一输出端Vo3，晶体管M6的第二极和晶体管M8的第一极耦合至逆变器的第二输出端Vo4。晶 体管M7的第二极和晶体管M8的第二极耦合至发射电路01的反向输入端V-。需要说明的是，在某些场景中，该反向输入端可以为公共地端Gnd。如图7所示的发射电路01中的串联谐振电路，可以包括电容C0和初级线圈L1。初级线圈L1的其中一个抽头耦合至逆变器IV的第一输入端Vo3，初级线圈L1的另外一个抽头通过电容C0耦合至逆变器IV的第二输入端Vo4。此外，如图7所示的发射电路01，还包括控制电路，该控制电路用于控制形成逆变器IV的各晶体管的导通或关断，以控制发射电路01输出的电能的大小，图7中未示出控制电路。具体实现中，控制电路通过控制各晶体管的开关频率以及各晶体管的占空比来控制串联谐振电路中的电流的大小。此外控制电路还可以基于Qi协议，通过检测初级线圈L1中的电流变化来触发第一工作模式和第二工作模式的转换。
如图7所示，当发射电路01工作在第一工作模式时，晶体管M5和晶体管M8在第一时段导通，晶体管M6和晶体管M7在第二时段导通，其中第一时段的时长和第二时段的时长均较短，也即各晶体管的开关频率较高，从而使得各晶体管的开关频率远离电容C0和初级线圈L1所组成的串联谐振电路的谐振频率。此时初级线圈L1中流过的电流较小，也即发射电路01输出的电能较小。当发射电路01中的控制电路检测到初级线圈L1中流过的电流幅度发生变化时，则调整上述各晶体管的开关频率，调整各晶体管的占空比，从而使得各晶体管的开关频率达到电容C0和初级线圈L1所组成的串联谐振电路的谐振频率，增大初级线圈L1中流过的电流，从而提高发射电路01输出的电能。
本申请实施例还提供了一种终端设备。终端设备可以为便携式计算机(如手机)、笔记本电脑、可穿戴电子设备(如智能手表)、平板电脑、增强现实(augmentedreality，AR)或虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备或者电动牙刷等。具体的，本申请所示的终端设备包括如图1、图2、图4、图5或图6任意实施例所示的接收电路。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种无线充电设备，其特征在于，包括第一接收电路和第二接收电路；其中：
    所述第一接收电路包括并联谐振电路，所述并联谐振电路用于从发射电路接收第一电磁感应信号，基于所述第一电磁感应信号形成并联谐振回路以触发所述发射电路传输第二电磁感应信号；
    所述第二接收电路与负载耦合，所述第二接收电路用于从所述发射电路接收所述第二电磁感应信号，基于所述第二电磁感应信号产生电能提供至所述负载，以向所述负载充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第二接收电路包括第一串联谐振电路和第一整流桥；
    所述第一串联谐振电路基于所述第二电磁感应信号生成第一交流电提供至所述第一整流桥；
    所述第一整流桥基于所述第一交流电生成第一直流电，提供至所述负载。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一整流桥包括多个第一晶体管；
    所述第二接收电路还包括用于驱动所述多个第一晶体管导通或关断的驱动电路；
    其中，所述驱动电路和所述多个第一晶体管集成于同一芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第一接收电路还包括第二串联谐振电路和第二整流桥；
    所述第二串联谐振电路基于所述第二电磁感应信号生成第二交流电提供至所述第二整流桥；
    所述第二整流桥基于所述第二交流电生成第二直流电以向所述芯片供电。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述并联谐振电路包括第一次级线圈和第一电容；
    所述第一电容耦合在所述第一次级线圈的两端。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第一串联谐振电路包括第二次级线圈和第二电容；
    所述第二次级线圈的一端通过所述第二电容耦合至所述第一整流桥的第一输入端；
    所述第二次级线圈的另外一端耦合至所述第一整流桥的第二输入端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第二接收电路还包括第三电容；
    所述第三电容的一端通过所述第二电容耦合至所述第二次级线圈的一端，所述第三电容的另一端耦合至所述第二次级线圈的另一端。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第二串联谐振电路包括所述第一次级线圈和第四电容；
    所述第四电容耦合在所述第一次级线圈的一端和所述第二整流桥的第一输入端之间；
    所述第一次级线圈的另外一端耦合至所述第二整流桥的第二输入端。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述无线充电设备还 包括所述发射电路；
    所述发射电路用于：发射所述第一电磁感应信号，响应于检测到所述第一电磁感应信号变化，发射所述第二电磁感应信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述发射电路包括逆变器和第三串联谐振电路；
    所述逆变器用于将电源输入的直流转换成交流提供至所述第三串联谐振电路；
    所述第三串联谐振电路基于所述逆变器输出的交流，生成所述第一电磁感应信号和所述第二电磁感应信号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述第三串联谐振包括初级线圈和第五电容；
    所述初级线圈的一端通过所述第五电容耦合至所述逆变器的第一输出端；
    所述初级线圈的另一端耦合至所述逆变器的第二输出端。
  12. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的无线充电设备和负载；
    所述负载与所述无线充电设备中的第二接收电路的输出端耦合；
    所述第二接收电路用于向所述负载充电。
PCT/CN2020/129372 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 无线充电设备和终端设备 WO2022104511A1 (zh)

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