WO2022102026A1 - Dispositif à cycle frigorifique - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle frigorifique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022102026A1
WO2022102026A1 PCT/JP2020/042126 JP2020042126W WO2022102026A1 WO 2022102026 A1 WO2022102026 A1 WO 2022102026A1 JP 2020042126 W JP2020042126 W JP 2020042126W WO 2022102026 A1 WO2022102026 A1 WO 2022102026A1
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Prior art keywords
atom
chemical formula
compound
hydrogen atom
refrigerant
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PCT/JP2020/042126
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健嗣 小島
研吾 平塚
悟 外山
愛実 中村
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2020/042126 priority Critical patent/WO2022102026A1/fr
Publication of WO2022102026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022102026A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
    • C10M127/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon well-defined aromatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/70—Esters of monocarboxylic acids

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle device.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 5777566 describes unsaturated fluorohydrocarbon compounds (Hydro-Fluoro-) such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf) having a low GWP. Olefin: HFO) is disclosed.
  • unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds are unstable compounds that are more easily decomposed than saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds (Hydr-Fluoro-Carbon: HFC). It was a challenge to maintain the long-term reliability of the machine.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 66935112 describes a lubricating oil for a compressor as a stabilizer such as a phenol compound, an unsaturated hydrocarbon group-containing aromatic compound, an aromatic amine compound and the like. Saturated fluoride by suppressing the increase in the concentration of acid generated by the decomposition of the refrigerant containing the unsaturated fluorohydrocarbon compound and capturing the radical generated by the decomposition of the refrigerant containing the unsaturated fluorohydrocarbon compound. It is disclosed to suppress further decomposition of hydrocarbon compounds, deterioration of refrigerating machine oil and corrosion of metals.
  • Patent Document 2 has a problem that it does not have an effect of suppressing the decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound sufficiently to maintain the long-term reliability of the refrigerating cycle apparatus and the compressor. be.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that maintains reliability for a long period of time by using a refrigerant containing an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigeration circuit including a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve.
  • a refrigerant is sealed in the refrigeration circuit, and the refrigerant contains an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound.
  • the compressor is filled with refrigerating machine oil, and the refrigerating machine oil contains at least one of the first compound represented by the following chemical formula 1 and the second compound represented by the following chemical formula 2.
  • R 1 to R 5 are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom
  • R 6 to R 8 have at least one hydrogen atom and the others. It is a substituent composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
  • R 1 is a substituent forming a ring structure with an adjacent carbon atom
  • R 2 to R 5 are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
  • R 6 to R 7 are substituents in which at least one is a hydrogen atom and the other is composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic block diagram which shows the refrigerating cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic block diagram which shows the refrigerating cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle device includes a compressor 1, a flow path switching valve 2 for switching the flow direction during cooling and heating, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion valve 4, and a refrigerating circuit including an indoor heat exchanger 5. Be prepared.
  • the flow path switching valve 2 is not required in the refrigeration cycle device that does not need to switch between cooling and heating.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 via the flow path switching valve 2 (flow path shown by the solid line) and condenses there.
  • the liquid refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5 via the expansion valve 4 and evaporates (vaporizes) there.
  • the gaseous refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 5 returns to the compressor 1 via the flow path switching valve 2 (flow path shown by the solid line).
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerating circuit of the refrigerating cycle device in the direction of the solid arrow shown in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5 via the flow path switching valve 2 (flow path shown by the dotted line) and condenses there. do.
  • the liquid refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 5 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 via the expansion valve 4 and evaporates (vaporizes) there.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 returns to the compressor 1 via the flow path switching valve 2 (flow path shown by the dotted line).
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerating circuit of the refrigerating cycle device in the direction of the broken line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the above configuration is the minimum component of the refrigeration cycle device capable of performing cooling and heating operations.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present embodiment may further include other equipment such as a gas-liquid branching device, a receiver, an accumulator, and a high / low pressure heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant contains an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound.
  • the refrigerant used in the present embodiment may be only an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound, or may further contain other components.
  • other components include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), and natural refrigerants containing hydrocarbons.
  • CFCs chlorofluorocarbons
  • HCFCs hydrochlorofluorocarbons
  • HFCs hydrofluorocarbons
  • HFOs hydrofluoroolefins
  • natural refrigerants containing hydrocarbons The blending ratio of other components and the like are set within a range that does not interfere with the main effects of the present embodiment.
  • the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is preferably 1 to 80% by mass with respect to the total amount of the refrigerant.
  • refrigerating machine oil filled to lubricate the inside of the compressor
  • the refrigerating machine oil include commonly used refrigerating machine oils (ester-based lubricating oil, ether-based lubricating oil, fluorine-based lubricating oil, mineral-based lubricating oil, hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, etc.). In that case, it is preferable to select a refrigerating machine oil which is excellent in terms of compatibility with the refrigerant and stability.
  • Specific examples of the refrigerating machine oil include, but are not limited to, polyalkylene glycol, polyol ester, polyvinyl ether, alkylbenzene, mineral oil and the like.
  • the refrigerating machine oil contains at least one of the first compound represented by the chemical formula 1 and the second compound represented by the chemical formula 2 as additives.
  • the decomposition reaction of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound and the reaction in which the radicals generated by the decomposition are captured by the compound are as shown in Chemical Formula 3 below.
  • the basic skeleton of the compound having the effect of suppressing the decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is either the first compound represented by the chemical formula 1 or the second compound represented by the chemical formula 2. ..
  • R 1 to R 5 are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and an alkyl. At least one of the groups. R 1 to R 5 may be the same or different. Further, at least one of the substituents of R 6 to R 8 is a hydrogen atom. Others are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and preferably at least one of a hydrogen atom, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and an alkyl group. R 6 to R 8 may be the same or different.
  • R 3 is -O-R 9
  • R 9 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • R 7 is -COO-R 10
  • R 10 is.
  • R 1 to R 2 , R 4 to R 6 and R 8 may be hydrogen atoms or hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the range of carbon numbers of R 1 to R 2 , R 4 to R 6 and R 8 to R 10 is an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above range.
  • Examples of the first compound include ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, anethole and cinnamil acetate, with ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and anethole being preferred.
  • the content of the first compound in the refrigerating machine oil is preferably 1% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the refrigerating machine oil. It is preferably 4% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less.
  • R 2 to R 5 are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and an alkyl. At least one of the groups. R 2 to R 5 may be the same or different. Further, at least one of the substituents of R 6 to R 7 is a hydrogen atom. Others are substituents composed of at least one of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and preferably at least one of a hydrogen atom, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and an alkyl group. R 6 to R 7 may be the same or different.
  • R 1 forms a ring structure with two adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring to which R 1 is bonded.
  • the ring structure forms a 5- to 8-membered carbon ring or a heterocycle, preferably a 6-membered heterocycle.
  • R 2 to R 6 may be a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the range of carbon atoms of R 2 to R 6 is an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above range.
  • Examples of the second compound include coumarin (see chemical formula 4 below), coumarin and the like, and coumarin is preferable.
  • coumarin see chemical formula 4 below
  • coumarin is preferable.
  • the content of the second compound in the refrigerating machine oil is preferably 1% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the refrigerating machine oil. It is preferably 2% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less.
  • the first and second compounds having a basic skeleton that enables the radical capture reaction of Chemical Formula 3 have a high effect of capturing radicals generated when the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is decomposed, and are undecomposed unsaturated. Suppresses decomposition of fluorohydrocarbon compounds, deterioration of refrigerating machine oil, and metal corrosion.
  • the first compound and the second compound have a high radical scavenging effect, the radicals of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound generated in the gas phase can be captured even with a minute amount of volatile matter, and the unsaturated foot in the gas phase can be captured. It has the effect of suppressing the decomposition of hydrocarbon compounds.
  • the refrigerating machine oil is selected from extreme pressure agents, oily agents, antioxidants, acid scavengers, metal deactivating agents and defoaming agents, as long as the object of the present disclosure is not impaired. It may contain at least one additive.
  • the refrigerating cycle device is not particularly limited, but is used in a container such as a commercial or household air conditioner (air conditioner), a car air conditioner, a heat pump for a vending machine, a refrigerator, a refrigerator, or a refrigerator. Examples include a refrigerator for cooling, a chiller unit, and a turbo chiller.
  • the refrigerating cycle device of the present embodiment can also be used for a dedicated heating cycle machine such as a floor heating device and a snow melting device.
  • a dedicated heating cycle machine such as a floor heating device and a snow melting device.
  • it is useful as an air conditioner (air conditioner) for business use or home use, which requires miniaturization of equipment.
  • the description is described in the case where the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected one-to-one, but there are a plurality of indoor units for one outdoor unit. Also, there may be a plurality of indoor units for a plurality of outdoor units.
  • the refrigerating cycle device of the present embodiment may be a room air conditioner or a packaged air conditioner capable of switching between cooling and heating, or may be a refrigerating cycle device for low temperature equipment such as a refrigerator.
  • the refrigerating cycle device of the present embodiment is preferably a refrigerating cycle device (air conditioner) for air conditioning.
  • refrigerating cycle device for air conditioning
  • examples of the refrigerating cycle device (air conditioner) for air conditioning include room air conditioners, package air conditioners, multi air conditioners for buildings, window type air conditioners, mobile air conditioners, and the like.
  • Embodiment 2 The refrigerating cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it contains a lysis aid in addition to at least one of the first compound and the second compound which are additives contained in the refrigerating machine oil. ..
  • solubilizing agent examples include, but are not limited to, polyol esters, polyvinyl ethers, alkylbenzenes, polyalkylene glycols, and the like.
  • the solubilizing agent is preferably polyalkylene glycol.
  • the content of polyalkylene glycol in the refrigerating machine oil is preferably 2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 4% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the refrigerating machine oil. Since the other basic configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, overlapping description will be omitted.
  • the criteria for judging the quality of the suppression of the decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound are (1) fluorine ion concentration, (2) acid value, (3) hue and (4) glossiness of the metal surface. ..
  • (1) and (2) are equal to or less than the upper limit, (3) has high transparency, and (4) has metallic luster, decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound can be suppressed.
  • the "gas phase” in Tables 2 and 3 below means a case where the refrigerant is in a gaseous state
  • the "liquid phase” means a case where the refrigerant is in a liquid state, and the refrigerant in each state. It is determined whether or not the metal surface is glossy when the gas is brought into contact with the metal catalyst.
  • Examples 1 and 7 had high fluorine ion concentrations and acid values, whereas Examples 2 to 6 and Examples 8 had high acid values. From to 12, the fluorine ion concentration and the acid value were low. From this, it is considered that Examples 2 to 6 and Examples 8 to 12 have a higher effect of suppressing the decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound than those of Examples 1 and 7. Since the hues of Examples 1 and 7 are pale yellow and it is considered that the refrigerating machine oil has not deteriorated, decomposition of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compound is also considered in Examples 1 and 7. It is considered that there is an effect of suppressing.
  • ⁇ Evaluation test 2> As shown in Table 4 below, the samples (Examples 13 to 35) consisting of a mixture of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil were held at room temperature (25 ° C) or lower in 5 ° C increments for 1 hour at each temperature within the holding time. The temperature at which the precipitation of the additive occurred was defined as the additive precipitation temperature, and the presence or absence of precipitation of the first compound and the second compound as additives was evaluated.
  • the temperature at which precipitation occurs when the mixture of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant having the composition shown in Tables 5 and 6 below is cooled is shown as the precipitation temperature of the additive.
  • the temperature in the refrigeration circuit may drop to less than -10 ° C. Therefore, it is preferable that the precipitation temperature of the additive in the refrigerating machine oil is low.
  • Examples 18 to 24 and Examples 30 to 35 containing polyalkylene glycol as a solubilizing agent contain polyalkylene glycol as a solubilizing agent.
  • the precipitation temperature of the first compound and the second compound, which are additives, was lower than that of Examples 13 to 17 and 25 to 29, which were not present. Therefore, by blending polyalkylene glycol as a solubilizing agent, precipitation of the first compound and the second compound when the refrigerating machine oil is cooled can be suppressed.
  • Examples 22 to 24 and Examples 33 to 35 in which the compounding ratio of polyalkylene glycol is large examples 18 to 21 and Examples 30 to 32 in which the compounding ratio of polyalkylene glycol is small are low.
  • the precipitation temperature of the first compound and the second compound, which are additives, was further lowered. Therefore, by increasing the blending ratio of the polyalkylene glycol, the precipitation of the first compound and the second compound when the refrigerating machine oil is cooled can be further suppressed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif à cycle frigorifique comprenant un circuit de réfrigération comportant un compresseur, un échangeur de chaleur extérieur, un échangeur de chaleur intérieur et un détendeur. Un fluide frigorifique est enfermé hermétiquement dans le circuit de réfrigération, et le fluide frigorifique comprend un composé d'hydrocarbure fluoré insaturé. Le compresseur est rempli d'huile de réfrigération, et l'huile de réfrigération contient au moins un composé d'un premier composé représenté par la formule chimique 1 et d'un second composé représenté par la formule chimique 2. Dans la formule chimique 1 : chacun de R1-R5 représente un substituant conçu à partir d'au moins un atome parmi un atome de carbone, un atome d'hydrogène et un atome d'oxygène ; et R6-R8 représentent des substituants, dont au moins l'un est un atome d'hydrogène, et dont le reste est conçu à partir d'au moins un atome parmi un atome de carbone, un atome d'hydrogène et un atome d'oxygène. Dans la formule chimique (2) : R1 est un substituant qui forme une structure cyclique avec les atomes de carbone voisins, la structure cyclique étant un cycle ou un hétérocycle de carbone de 5 à 8 chaînons ; chacun de R2-R5 représente un substituant conçu à partir d'au moins l'un parmi un atome de carbone, un atome d'hydrogène et un atome d'oxygène ; et R6-R7 représentent des substituants, dont au moins un est un atome d'hydrogène, et dont le reste est conçu à partir d'au moins l'un parmi un atome de carbone, un atome d'hydrogène et un atome d'oxygène.
PCT/JP2020/042126 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique WO2022102026A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6327897B1 (en) * 1997-01-24 2001-12-11 Mainstream Engineering Corporation Method of introducing an in situant into a vapor compression system, especially useful for leak detection, as well as an apparatus for leak detection and a composition useful for leak detection
JP2006104449A (ja) * 2004-10-04 2006-04-20 Afton Chemical Corp 少なくとも１個のヒドロキシル基で置換されたカルボン酸を含有する組成物
JP2012017460A (ja) * 2010-06-10 2012-01-26 Ntn Corp 潤滑油組成物、グリース組成物、およびグリース封入軸受
JP2013209592A (ja) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP2013209590A (ja) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP2015510002A (ja) * 2012-01-26 2015-04-02 アルケマ フランス 潤滑油との混和性が改善された熱伝達組成物
CN107737514A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-27 大连海鑫化工有限公司 一种荧光干燥剂及其制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6327897B1 (en) * 1997-01-24 2001-12-11 Mainstream Engineering Corporation Method of introducing an in situant into a vapor compression system, especially useful for leak detection, as well as an apparatus for leak detection and a composition useful for leak detection
JP2006104449A (ja) * 2004-10-04 2006-04-20 Afton Chemical Corp 少なくとも１個のヒドロキシル基で置換されたカルボン酸を含有する組成物
JP2012017460A (ja) * 2010-06-10 2012-01-26 Ntn Corp 潤滑油組成物、グリース組成物、およびグリース封入軸受
JP2015510002A (ja) * 2012-01-26 2015-04-02 アルケマ フランス 潤滑油との混和性が改善された熱伝達組成物
JP2013209592A (ja) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP2013209590A (ja) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
CN107737514A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-27 大连海鑫化工有限公司 一种荧光干燥剂及其制备方法

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