WO2022101836A1 - Polyanionic antiviral filter - Google Patents

Polyanionic antiviral filter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022101836A1
WO2022101836A1 PCT/IB2021/060487 IB2021060487W WO2022101836A1 WO 2022101836 A1 WO2022101836 A1 WO 2022101836A1 IB 2021060487 W IB2021060487 W IB 2021060487W WO 2022101836 A1 WO2022101836 A1 WO 2022101836A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filters
anionisation
treatment
filters according
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2021/060487
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Luigi Di Berardino
Oreste Vittore Brenna
Original Assignee
Luigi Di Berardino
Oreste Vittore Brenna
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luigi Di Berardino, Oreste Vittore Brenna filed Critical Luigi Di Berardino
Priority to EP21820692.8A priority Critical patent/EP4243956A1/en
Publication of WO2022101836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022101836A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1615—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of natural origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H3/0608—Filter arrangements in the air stream
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
    • A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to filters, particularly for air conditioners, air purifiers or masks, consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
  • the filters of the invention able to retain viruses such as SARS-Cov2.
  • Coronaviruses are responsible for a variety of respiratory diseases, from the common cold to serious illnesses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses are round in shape and have a diameter of about 100 nanometres. Transmission from one individual to another occurs through drops or droplets emitted during breathing and, more markedly, following coughing or sneezing. The finest droplets ( ⁇ 5 microns) form an aerosol that can be dispersed over distances of several metres.
  • SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
  • High efficiency air filters that effectively remove 99.7% of particles down to the size of 0.3 microns are mostly used in air conditioning and purification systems in laboratories, healthcare facilities and commercial aircraft. These filters are also expensive and require frequent and costly maintenance.
  • WO 2012123446 and DE 202020101788 disclose filter materials, particularly in the form of masks, comprising an anionic surfactant.
  • filters made of negatively charged materials on the surface are able to bind viral particles, particularly from coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV2, by mimicking the glycosaminoglycan receptors used by the virus for binding to the cell membrane (Brenna OV et al. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2020 Jan-Dec; 34:2058738420966078).
  • An anionisation treatment is any chemical treatment that introduces anionic groups such as carboxyl, sulphonic or similar groups to the fibre.
  • the treatment may result in a modification of chemical functionalities present in the structure of the fibre, for example as a result of oxidation or hydrolysis processes, or may involve a reaction with appropriate compounds containing anionic functionalities.
  • the invention therefore relates to air disinfection filters comprising a textile fibre support subjected to anionisation treatments which do not include the use of anionic surfactants.
  • the anionisation treatment can be carried out by oxidation, for example with hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid.
  • This introduces carboxyl groups (anionic at physiological pH) by oxidation of the C6 alcohol group of the glucose unit in a quantity sufficient for the purpose and such that the structure of the fabric is not mechanically impaired.
  • the anionisation treatment can be performed by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride, e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119, with formation of amide bonds with the free amine groups and formation of carboxyl groups by hydrolysis of the anhydride (Arecchi A et al., Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Dec;398(7-8):3097-103).
  • a polymeric polyanhydride e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119
  • nylon polyamide with 2500 mesh size 125 pm treated by hydrolysis with diluted HC1 is particularly suitable.
  • the filters of the invention can be easily adapted to existing filtration and air conditioning systems, used in civil environments (homes, schools, cinemas, theatres, restaurants), transport facilities, in environments at risk of contamination such as hospitals, nursing homes and healthcare facilities in general.
  • the filters of the invention can be installed, for example, at the air outlet or splitter of commercial air conditioners.
  • Textile fibres that have undergone the anionisation treatment can also be used for the manufacture of protective face masks for personal use.
  • the filters of the invention are inexpensive, require no special maintenance, can be easily replaced and have demonstrated high efficiency in reducing viral load in closed environments, thus preventing viral infections, particularly those induced by SARS-Cov2.
  • a sample of mercerised cotton fabric was treated by boiling in a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes. After long rinsing with deionised water and drying, the fabric is ready for use.
  • a colorimetric method can be used, such as the spectrophotometric evaluation of a residual unabsorbed methylene blue solution.
  • a tissue sample treated as in Example 1 was placed instead of an ordinary filter in an air-conditioning unit in a closed room and put into operation after a suitable number of individuals had been in the unit for 8 hours. The tissue was then carefully removed and wetted with PBS (phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl). A piece of the filter was placed in a syringe and squeezed, and the resulting solution, collected in a test tube, was tested for the presence of viral material (Sars-Cov-2) by means of an antigenic test for detecting the presence of the virus.
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Polyanionic filters are described for the hygienisation of enclosed spaces, for use in air conditioning splits and air purifiers, or as materials for protective masks. The filters of the invention, which are installed in air conditioners and/or purifiers, provide effective air sanitation by retaining viruses through a specific electrostatic interaction with the viral particles.

Description

POLYANIONIC ANTIVIRAL FILTER
The present invention relates to filters, particularly for air conditioners, air purifiers or masks, consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
The filters of the invention able to retain viruses such as SARS-Cov2.
State of the art
Coronaviruses are responsible for a variety of respiratory diseases, from the common cold to serious illnesses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses are round in shape and have a diameter of about 100 nanometres. Transmission from one individual to another occurs through drops or droplets emitted during breathing and, more markedly, following coughing or sneezing. The finest droplets (< 5 microns) form an aerosol that can be dispersed over distances of several metres.
During the recent Covid- 19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-Cov2 coronavirus, the risk of infection was demonstrated in air-conditioned public places where air currents emitted by air conditioners were able to spread infected droplets to distances far greater than those recommended (1-2 metres) for the so-called social distancing (Lu J, Gu J, Li K, et al, 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020;26(7): 1628-1631).
High efficiency air filters (HEP A) that effectively remove 99.7% of particles down to the size of 0.3 microns are mostly used in air conditioning and purification systems in laboratories, healthcare facilities and commercial aircraft. These filters are also expensive and require frequent and costly maintenance.
WO 2012123446 and DE 202020101788 disclose filter materials, particularly in the form of masks, comprising an anionic surfactant.
Anionising treatments of textile fibres have also been disclosed in JP H02 80665, US 6 149 549, JP 6 216574 and in JP H09 78451, but for purposes other than particle filtration efficiency.
There is therefore a need for filter systems that are also suitable for domestic or small-scale installations and for the production of protective masks, which are inexpensive, efficient and capable of selectively retaining viral particles.
Description of the invention
It has now been found that a satisfactory solution to the above problems can be provided by treating textile fibres of natural or synthetic origin with appropriate anionisation processes, without resorting to the use of anionic surfactants.
It is hypothesised that filters made of negatively charged materials on the surface are able to bind viral particles, particularly from coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV2, by mimicking the glycosaminoglycan receptors used by the virus for binding to the cell membrane (Brenna OV et al. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2020 Jan-Dec; 34:2058738420966078).
However, the validity of the invention should not be understood as being linked to the actual testing of this hypothesis.
An anionisation treatment is any chemical treatment that introduces anionic groups such as carboxyl, sulphonic or similar groups to the fibre. The treatment may result in a modification of chemical functionalities present in the structure of the fibre, for example as a result of oxidation or hydrolysis processes, or may involve a reaction with appropriate compounds containing anionic functionalities.
The invention therefore relates to air disinfection filters comprising a textile fibre support subjected to anionisation treatments which do not include the use of anionic surfactants.
Examples of textile fibres which may be used according to the invention include cotton, linen, wool, nylon or silk.
In case the textile fibre is cotton or linen, the anionisation treatment can be carried out by oxidation, for example with hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid. This introduces carboxyl groups (anionic at physiological pH) by oxidation of the C6 alcohol group of the glucose unit in a quantity sufficient for the purpose and such that the structure of the fabric is not mechanically impaired.
In case the textile fibre is nylon, silk or wool, the anionisation treatment can be performed by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride, e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119, with formation of amide bonds with the free amine groups and formation of carboxyl groups by hydrolysis of the anhydride (Arecchi A et al., Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Dec;398(7-8):3097-103).
In the case of nylon, nylon polyamide with 2500 mesh size 125 pm treated by hydrolysis with diluted HC1 is particularly suitable.
The filters of the invention can be easily adapted to existing filtration and air conditioning systems, used in civil environments (homes, schools, cinemas, theatres, restaurants), transport facilities, in environments at risk of contamination such as hospitals, nursing homes and healthcare facilities in general. The filters of the invention can be installed, for example, at the air outlet or splitter of commercial air conditioners.
Textile fibres that have undergone the anionisation treatment can also be used for the manufacture of protective face masks for personal use.
The filters of the invention are inexpensive, require no special maintenance, can be easily replaced and have demonstrated high efficiency in reducing viral load in closed environments, thus preventing viral infections, particularly those induced by SARS-Cov2.
The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail.
Example 1
A sample of mercerised cotton fabric was treated by boiling in a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes. After long rinsing with deionised water and drying, the fabric is ready for use.
To determine the degree of substitution in carboxyl groups, a colorimetric method can be used, such as the spectrophotometric evaluation of a residual unabsorbed methylene blue solution.
Example 2
A tissue sample treated as in Example 1 was placed instead of an ordinary filter in an air-conditioning unit in a closed room and put into operation after a suitable number of individuals had been in the unit for 8 hours. The tissue was then carefully removed and wetted with PBS (phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl). A piece of the filter was placed in a syringe and squeezed, and the resulting solution, collected in a test tube, was tested for the presence of viral material (Sars-Cov-2) by means of an antigenic test for detecting the presence of the virus.

Claims

5 CLAIMS
1. Air disinfection filters consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
2. Filters according to claim 1 wherein the textile fibre is cotton, wool, nylon or silk.
3. Filters according to claim 2 wherein the textile fibre is cotton.
4. Filters according to claim 3 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by oxidation in a solution of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid.
5. Filters according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the textile fibre is nylon, silk or wool.
6. Filters according to claim 5 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride.
7. Filters according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by reaction with reactive dyes bearing sulfonic groups.
8. Filtration and air conditioning systems comprising filters of claims 1-7.
9. Protective face masks comprising the filters of claims 1-7.
PCT/IB2021/060487 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Polyanionic antiviral filter WO2022101836A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21820692.8A EP4243956A1 (en) 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Polyanionic antiviral filter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000027077A IT202000027077A1 (en) 2020-11-12 2020-11-12 ANTIVIRAL POLYANION FILTER
IT102020000027077 2020-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022101836A1 true WO2022101836A1 (en) 2022-05-19

Family

ID=74195004

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2021/060487 WO2022101836A1 (en) 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Polyanionic antiviral filter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4243956A1 (en)
IT (1) IT202000027077A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2022101836A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0280665A (en) * 1988-09-18 1990-03-20 Ipposha Oil Ind Co Ltd Method for finish processing textile product
JPH0978451A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-03-25 Tsuyakin Kogyo Kk Treatment of protein fiber product
US6149549A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-11-21 Syborn Chemicals, Inc. Anionically derivatised cotton for improved comfort and care-free laundering
WO2012123446A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Glaxo Group Limited Filter material and face mask against pathogens
JP6216574B2 (en) * 2013-08-29 2017-10-18 王子ホールディングス株式会社 Emulsifier containing fine cellulose fiber, emulsified composition and emulsification method
DE202020101788U1 (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-05-04 SCi Kontor GmbH Multi-layer mask with reversible, removable multi-layer filter for repeated use and cleaning options

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0280665A (en) * 1988-09-18 1990-03-20 Ipposha Oil Ind Co Ltd Method for finish processing textile product
JPH0978451A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-03-25 Tsuyakin Kogyo Kk Treatment of protein fiber product
US6149549A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-11-21 Syborn Chemicals, Inc. Anionically derivatised cotton for improved comfort and care-free laundering
WO2012123446A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Glaxo Group Limited Filter material and face mask against pathogens
JP6216574B2 (en) * 2013-08-29 2017-10-18 王子ホールディングス株式会社 Emulsifier containing fine cellulose fiber, emulsified composition and emulsification method
DE202020101788U1 (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-05-04 SCi Kontor GmbH Multi-layer mask with reversible, removable multi-layer filter for repeated use and cleaning options

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT202000027077A1 (en) 2022-05-12
EP4243956A1 (en) 2023-09-20

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