EP4243956A1 - Polyanionic antiviral filter - Google Patents
Polyanionic antiviral filterInfo
- Publication number
- EP4243956A1 EP4243956A1 EP21820692.8A EP21820692A EP4243956A1 EP 4243956 A1 EP4243956 A1 EP 4243956A1 EP 21820692 A EP21820692 A EP 21820692A EP 4243956 A1 EP4243956 A1 EP 4243956A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filters
- anionisation
- treatment
- filters according
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 wool Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000003176 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000025721 COVID-19 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032163 Emerging Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;methoxyethene Chemical compound COC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 108010074717 glycosaminoglycan receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical group CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009240 nasopharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041232 sneezing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1615—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of natural origin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
- B60H3/06—Filtering
- B60H3/0608—Filter arrangements in the air stream
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
- A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
- A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to filters, particularly for air conditioners, air purifiers or masks, consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
- the filters of the invention able to retain viruses such as SARS-Cov2.
- Coronaviruses are responsible for a variety of respiratory diseases, from the common cold to serious illnesses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses are round in shape and have a diameter of about 100 nanometres. Transmission from one individual to another occurs through drops or droplets emitted during breathing and, more markedly, following coughing or sneezing. The finest droplets ( ⁇ 5 microns) form an aerosol that can be dispersed over distances of several metres.
- SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
- High efficiency air filters that effectively remove 99.7% of particles down to the size of 0.3 microns are mostly used in air conditioning and purification systems in laboratories, healthcare facilities and commercial aircraft. These filters are also expensive and require frequent and costly maintenance.
- WO 2012123446 and DE 202020101788 disclose filter materials, particularly in the form of masks, comprising an anionic surfactant.
- filters made of negatively charged materials on the surface are able to bind viral particles, particularly from coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV2, by mimicking the glycosaminoglycan receptors used by the virus for binding to the cell membrane (Brenna OV et al. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2020 Jan-Dec; 34:2058738420966078).
- An anionisation treatment is any chemical treatment that introduces anionic groups such as carboxyl, sulphonic or similar groups to the fibre.
- the treatment may result in a modification of chemical functionalities present in the structure of the fibre, for example as a result of oxidation or hydrolysis processes, or may involve a reaction with appropriate compounds containing anionic functionalities.
- the invention therefore relates to air disinfection filters comprising a textile fibre support subjected to anionisation treatments which do not include the use of anionic surfactants.
- the anionisation treatment can be carried out by oxidation, for example with hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid.
- This introduces carboxyl groups (anionic at physiological pH) by oxidation of the C6 alcohol group of the glucose unit in a quantity sufficient for the purpose and such that the structure of the fabric is not mechanically impaired.
- the anionisation treatment can be performed by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride, e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119, with formation of amide bonds with the free amine groups and formation of carboxyl groups by hydrolysis of the anhydride (Arecchi A et al., Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Dec;398(7-8):3097-103).
- a polymeric polyanhydride e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119
- nylon polyamide with 2500 mesh size 125 pm treated by hydrolysis with diluted HC1 is particularly suitable.
- the filters of the invention can be easily adapted to existing filtration and air conditioning systems, used in civil environments (homes, schools, cinemas, theatres, restaurants), transport facilities, in environments at risk of contamination such as hospitals, nursing homes and healthcare facilities in general.
- the filters of the invention can be installed, for example, at the air outlet or splitter of commercial air conditioners.
- Textile fibres that have undergone the anionisation treatment can also be used for the manufacture of protective face masks for personal use.
- the filters of the invention are inexpensive, require no special maintenance, can be easily replaced and have demonstrated high efficiency in reducing viral load in closed environments, thus preventing viral infections, particularly those induced by SARS-Cov2.
- a sample of mercerised cotton fabric was treated by boiling in a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes. After long rinsing with deionised water and drying, the fabric is ready for use.
- a colorimetric method can be used, such as the spectrophotometric evaluation of a residual unabsorbed methylene blue solution.
- a tissue sample treated as in Example 1 was placed instead of an ordinary filter in an air-conditioning unit in a closed room and put into operation after a suitable number of individuals had been in the unit for 8 hours. The tissue was then carefully removed and wetted with PBS (phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl). A piece of the filter was placed in a syringe and squeezed, and the resulting solution, collected in a test tube, was tested for the presence of viral material (Sars-Cov-2) by means of an antigenic test for detecting the presence of the virus.
- PBS phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Polyanionic filters are described for the hygienisation of enclosed spaces, for use in air conditioning splits and air purifiers, or as materials for protective masks. The filters of the invention, which are installed in air conditioners and/or purifiers, provide effective air sanitation by retaining viruses through a specific electrostatic interaction with the viral particles.
Description
POLYANIONIC ANTIVIRAL FILTER
The present invention relates to filters, particularly for air conditioners, air purifiers or masks, consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
The filters of the invention able to retain viruses such as SARS-Cov2.
State of the art
Coronaviruses are responsible for a variety of respiratory diseases, from the common cold to serious illnesses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses are round in shape and have a diameter of about 100 nanometres. Transmission from one individual to another occurs through drops or droplets emitted during breathing and, more markedly, following coughing or sneezing. The finest droplets (< 5 microns) form an aerosol that can be dispersed over distances of several metres.
During the recent Covid- 19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-Cov2 coronavirus, the risk of infection was demonstrated in air-conditioned public places where air currents emitted by air conditioners were able to spread infected droplets to distances far greater than those recommended (1-2 metres) for the so-called social distancing (Lu J, Gu J, Li K, et al, 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020;26(7): 1628-1631).
High efficiency air filters (HEP A) that effectively remove 99.7% of particles down to the size of 0.3 microns are mostly used in air conditioning and purification systems in laboratories, healthcare facilities and commercial aircraft. These filters are also expensive and require frequent and costly maintenance.
WO 2012123446 and DE 202020101788 disclose filter materials, particularly in the form of masks, comprising an anionic surfactant.
Anionising treatments of textile fibres have also been disclosed in JP H02 80665, US 6 149 549, JP 6 216574 and in JP H09 78451, but for purposes other than particle filtration efficiency.
There is therefore a need for filter systems that are also suitable for domestic or small-scale installations and for the production of protective masks, which are inexpensive,
efficient and capable of selectively retaining viral particles.
Description of the invention
It has now been found that a satisfactory solution to the above problems can be provided by treating textile fibres of natural or synthetic origin with appropriate anionisation processes, without resorting to the use of anionic surfactants.
It is hypothesised that filters made of negatively charged materials on the surface are able to bind viral particles, particularly from coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV2, by mimicking the glycosaminoglycan receptors used by the virus for binding to the cell membrane (Brenna OV et al. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2020 Jan-Dec; 34:2058738420966078).
However, the validity of the invention should not be understood as being linked to the actual testing of this hypothesis.
An anionisation treatment is any chemical treatment that introduces anionic groups such as carboxyl, sulphonic or similar groups to the fibre. The treatment may result in a modification of chemical functionalities present in the structure of the fibre, for example as a result of oxidation or hydrolysis processes, or may involve a reaction with appropriate compounds containing anionic functionalities.
The invention therefore relates to air disinfection filters comprising a textile fibre support subjected to anionisation treatments which do not include the use of anionic surfactants.
Examples of textile fibres which may be used according to the invention include cotton, linen, wool, nylon or silk.
In case the textile fibre is cotton or linen, the anionisation treatment can be carried out by oxidation, for example with hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid. This introduces carboxyl groups (anionic at physiological pH) by oxidation of the C6 alcohol group of the glucose unit in a quantity sufficient for the purpose and such that the structure of the fabric is not mechanically impaired.
In case the textile fibre is nylon, silk or wool, the anionisation treatment can be
performed by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride, e.g. GANTREZ® AN 119, with formation of amide bonds with the free amine groups and formation of carboxyl groups by hydrolysis of the anhydride (Arecchi A et al., Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Dec;398(7-8):3097-103).
In the case of nylon, nylon polyamide with 2500 mesh size 125 pm treated by hydrolysis with diluted HC1 is particularly suitable.
The filters of the invention can be easily adapted to existing filtration and air conditioning systems, used in civil environments (homes, schools, cinemas, theatres, restaurants), transport facilities, in environments at risk of contamination such as hospitals, nursing homes and healthcare facilities in general. The filters of the invention can be installed, for example, at the air outlet or splitter of commercial air conditioners.
Textile fibres that have undergone the anionisation treatment can also be used for the manufacture of protective face masks for personal use.
The filters of the invention are inexpensive, require no special maintenance, can be easily replaced and have demonstrated high efficiency in reducing viral load in closed environments, thus preventing viral infections, particularly those induced by SARS-Cov2.
The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail.
Example 1
A sample of mercerised cotton fabric was treated by boiling in a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes. After long rinsing with deionised water and drying, the fabric is ready for use.
To determine the degree of substitution in carboxyl groups, a colorimetric method can be used, such as the spectrophotometric evaluation of a residual unabsorbed methylene blue solution.
Example 2
A tissue sample treated as in Example 1 was placed instead of an ordinary filter in an air-conditioning unit in a closed room and put into operation after a suitable number of individuals had been in the unit for 8 hours.
The tissue was then carefully removed and wetted with PBS (phosphate buffered saline pH 7 containing 0.15 M NaCl). A piece of the filter was placed in a syringe and squeezed, and the resulting solution, collected in a test tube, was tested for the presence of viral material (Sars-Cov-2) by means of an antigenic test for detecting the presence of the virus.
Claims
1. Air disinfection filters consisting of a textile fibre support subjected to an anionisation treatment.
2. Filters according to claim 1 wherein the textile fibre is cotton, wool, nylon or silk.
3. Filters according to claim 2 wherein the textile fibre is cotton.
4. Filters according to claim 3 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by oxidation in a solution of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid or peracetic acid.
5. Filters according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the textile fibre is nylon, silk or wool.
6. Filters according to claim 5 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by partial hydrolysis with diluted HC1 and/or by reaction with a polymeric polyanhydride.
7. Filters according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5 wherein the anionisation treatment is carried out by reaction with reactive dyes bearing sulfonic groups.
8. Filtration and air conditioning systems comprising filters of claims 1-7.
9. Protective face masks comprising the filters of claims 1-7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102020000027077A IT202000027077A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | ANTIVIRAL POLYANION FILTER |
| PCT/IB2021/060487 WO2022101836A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Polyanionic antiviral filter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4243956A1 true EP4243956A1 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
Family
ID=74195004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21820692.8A Withdrawn EP4243956A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Polyanionic antiviral filter |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4243956A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT202000027077A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022101836A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0280665A (en) * | 1988-09-18 | 1990-03-20 | Ipposha Oil Ind Co Ltd | Method for finish processing textile product |
| JP3293735B2 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 2002-06-17 | 艶金興業株式会社 | Processing of protein fiber products |
| US6149549A (en) * | 1998-09-21 | 2000-11-21 | Syborn Chemicals, Inc. | Anionically derivatised cotton for improved comfort and care-free laundering |
| GB201104337D0 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-04-27 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Novel device |
| JP6216574B2 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2017-10-18 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Emulsifier containing fine cellulose fiber, emulsified composition and emulsification method |
| DE202020101788U1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-05-04 | SCi Kontor GmbH | Multi-layer mask with reversible, removable multi-layer filter for repeated use and cleaning options |
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 IT IT102020000027077A patent/IT202000027077A1/en unknown
-
2021
- 2021-11-12 WO PCT/IB2021/060487 patent/WO2022101836A1/en unknown
- 2021-11-12 EP EP21820692.8A patent/EP4243956A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022101836A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
| IT202000027077A1 (en) | 2022-05-12 |
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