WO2022100721A1 - 一种多水道热冲压模具 - Google Patents

一种多水道热冲压模具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022100721A1
WO2022100721A1 PCT/CN2021/130498 CN2021130498W WO2022100721A1 WO 2022100721 A1 WO2022100721 A1 WO 2022100721A1 CN 2021130498 W CN2021130498 W CN 2021130498W WO 2022100721 A1 WO2022100721 A1 WO 2022100721A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
insert
upper die
channel
water
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PCT/CN2021/130498
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱歆
朱晓永
李子豪
杜俊鸿
戴宏亮
Original Assignee
湖南晓光汽车模具有限公司
湖南晓光智能成型制造有限公司
奥钢联金属成型有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南晓光汽车模具有限公司, 湖南晓光智能成型制造有限公司, 奥钢联金属成型有限公司 filed Critical 湖南晓光汽车模具有限公司
Priority to US18/036,504 priority Critical patent/US20230398594A1/en
Priority to EP21891241.8A priority patent/EP4245436A1/en
Publication of WO2022100721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022100721A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of hot stamping, in particular to a multi-channel hot stamping die.
  • the strength of high-strength steel plate can reach 1000-1500MPa, which is about 3-4 times that of ordinary steel. Because the yield strength of high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel is relatively large at room temperature, the plastic deformation range is small, and when the thickness of the sheet is thin, the ordinary cold stamping method is adopted, and the high-strength steel plate has a large forming force. It is easy to crack and spring back, which reduces the dimensional stability of stamping parts; at the same time, there are problems such as mold wear under the action of forming force. The existing hot stamping forming technology is generally used.
  • the hot stamping forming technology is to first heat the strength steel plate or high-strength steel plate to 900-950 degrees and keep it for 2-3 minutes to make it completely austenitized, and then use a special clamping mechanism.
  • the mechanical arm quickly and accurately puts the heated steel plate into the mold for stamping processing, and after holding pressure for a period of time, it is quenched in the mold to obtain a martensitic structure.
  • the martensitic structure has high strength, with a strength of 1500MPa. If the martensitic transformation cannot be carried out completely, the bainite structure will be generated inside the part. Because the bainite structure is relatively brittle, the mechanical properties of the part will be greatly affected; the design of the cooling part in the mold is good or bad.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel hot stamping die, which includes an upper die base and a lower die base; the upper die base and the lower die base are both provided with main water channels, the main water channel includes a plurality of cavities, and there are arranged between the cavities.
  • the water openings are connected, and each cavity is provided with a plurality of small holes for water distribution channels, the upper die base is provided with an upper die insert, the lower die base is provided with a lower die insert, the upper die insert and the lower die insert There is a cooling channel on the upper part, and the cooling channel is connected with the small hole of the water channel.
  • the cooling medium circulating in the main water channel flows into the cooling channel of the upper die insert and the lower die insert; the stamping process of the upper die insert and the lower die insert It is directly in contact with the sheet metal, and the stamping force of the die is used to realize the hot stamping of the sheet metal.
  • the heat of the formed hot stamping part is transferred to the cooling channels of the upper die insert and the lower die insert by heat conduction and heat convection for heat exchange. , to achieve cooling and quenching of stamping parts.
  • both the upper die seat and the lower die seat are provided with a liquid inlet control valve and a liquid outlet control valve, and the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid outlet control valve of the upper mold seat are respectively connected to the main water channel of the upper mold seat.
  • the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid outlet control valve of the lower mold base are respectively connected to both ends of the main water channel of the lower mold base.
  • the main water channel includes a plurality of cooling areas; the cooling area is formed by the communicating cavities in the main water channel, which specifically includes: water blocking blocks are provided on the water passages at different positions in the mold cavity, and the water blocking blocks block the water passages.
  • the main water channel is divided into a plurality of independent cooling areas composed of connected cavities by the provided water blocking blocks.
  • a plurality of grooves are processed on both the upper die insert and the lower die insert; a water dividing block is inserted into each groove of the upper die insert, and the water dividing block and the groove are matched with the upper die insert.
  • a plurality of cooling channels are formed in the lower mold insert; a water dividing block is respectively inserted in each groove of the lower die insert, and the water dividing block and the groove cooperate with the lower die insert to form a plurality of cooling channels.
  • the upper die base and the lower die base are arranged on mutually matched positioning parts, and the positioning part will include a positioning pin and a positioning pin hole, the positioning pin is set on the lower die base, and the positioning pin hole is set on the upper die base.
  • the upper die base and the lower die base are provided with guide parts that cooperate with each other, the guide parts include guide rods and guide holes, the guide rods are set on the lower die base, and the guide holes are set on the upper die base.
  • a travel spacer is arranged between the upper die base and the lower die base.
  • the upper die seat and the lower die seat are also provided with pressure relief valves, which are communicated with the main water channel, and the cooling medium in the main water channel in the upper die seat and the lower die seat can be exhausted by controlling the pressure relief valve.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the multi-channel hot stamping die of the invention comprises an upper die base, an upper die insert, a lower die holder and a lower die insert; the upper die holder and the lower die holder are both provided with main water channels, and a plurality of Cavities, each cavity is connected with a water port, and the diameter of the water port is much smaller than the size of the cavity, which is conducive to changing the cooling medium in the water channel and the cavity in a stable state into a turbulent state and improving the cooling efficiency;
  • the cavity is not arranged in a single straight line in the main water channel, and water blocking blocks are placed at some water openings of the cavity to form multiple cooling areas (multiple cavities are divided into multiple connected by a single cavity or multiple cavities.
  • Cooling circuit multiple inserts are arranged on multiple cold zones, which can not only achieve simultaneous cooling of multiple inserts, but also provide water cooling to only one insert, so as to achieve targeted cooling water flow in the main water channel. Control, reduce unnecessary cooling cycles, accurately control the temperature of each part in the main water channel, and then control the uniform cooling of each part of the insert, realize sufficient and uniform cooling of all parts of the hot stamping part, and avoid unstable mechanical properties and deformation of the hot stamping part. big problem.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of multi-channel hot stamping die of the present embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the upper die seat of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the lower die seat structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the water channel in the upper die base
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the water channel in the lower die base
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the upper die seat and the upper die insert
  • Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the upper module insert and the water dividing block
  • a multi-channel hot stamping die includes an upper die base 1, an upper die insert 9, a lower die base 2 and a lower die insert 11; the upper die base and the lower die base are both provided with main water channels , a plurality of cavities 17 are arranged in the main water channel, the arrangement of the plurality of cavities in the main water channel is not a single linear arrangement, a water port 14 is provided between the cavities to communicate with each other, and each cavity is provided with a plurality of branches Water channel small hole 5; the upper mold insert is arranged on the upper mold base, the upper mold insert is provided with a cooling channel, and the cooling channel of the upper mold insert is connected with the water channel small hole of the main water channel in the upper mold insert; the lower mold The insert is arranged on the lower die base, and the cooling channel of the lower die insert is communicated with the small hole of the main water channel in the lower die insert; the upper die base and the lower die base are provided with liquid inlet control valves 4 and 4.
  • the liquid outlet control valve 3, the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid outlet control valve of the upper mold seat are respectively connected to both ends of the main water channel of the upper mold seat, and the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid outlet control valve of the lower mold seat are respectively connected. It is connected to both ends of the main water channel of the lower die base.
  • the small holes of the water separation channel are circular holes.
  • the cooling medium flows into the cavity set in the main water channel through the liquid inlet control valve, and the cooling medium in the cavity flows into the cooling channels of the upper die insert and the lower die insert through the small hole of the water channel; the upper die insert and the lower die insert During the stamping process of the block, it is directly in contact with the sheet metal, and the stamping force of the die is used to realize the hot stamping of the sheet metal. Heat exchange with cooling medium to achieve cooling and quenching of stamping parts.
  • the cooling medium adopts water.
  • the cooling channel is specifically composed of grooves machined on the insert and a water dividing block 10, the upper die insert is machined with multiple grooves, and each groove of the upper die insert 9 is inserted with The water dividing block 10, the water dividing block and the groove are matched in the upper die insert to form a plurality of cooling channels, and the plurality of cooling channels surround the upper die insert; the lower die insert is processed with a plurality of grooves, and the lower die insert A water dividing block is inserted into each groove of the lower mold insert, and the water dividing block and the groove cooperate to form a plurality of cooling channels in the lower mold insert, and the plurality of cooling channels surround the whole body of the lower die insert.
  • Multiple cooling channels are arranged in the upper and lower mold inserts, which is conducive to the rapid flow of the cooling medium through the upper and lower mold inserts, which is conducive to the rapid cooling of the inserts and the precise control of the temperature of each part of the inserts.
  • the rapid cooling and quenching of the sheet metal in the die meets the mechanical properties requirements of hot stamping of high-strength steel sheets.
  • the upper die base is provided with an independent first main water channel 6 and a second main water channel 7.
  • the structures in the first main water channel and the second main water channel are exactly the same.
  • the first main water channel is arranged with a plurality of cooling areas.
  • the cooling area It is composed of the communicating cavities in the first main water channel, and specifically includes: water blocking blocks are arranged on the water openings at different positions in each cavity of the first main water channel, the water blocking blocks block the communication of the water openings, and the first main water channel is blocked.
  • the provided water blocking blocks are divided into a plurality of independent cooling areas composed of connected cavities, (that is, the water blocking blocks block the water passages of the cavities of some of the passages of the main water channel, forming a single cavity in the required cooling area. or a cooling circuit in which multiple cavities are connected).
  • two upper mold inserts are arranged on the first main water channel, specifically including a first upper mold insert and a second upper mold insert, and the first upper mold insert and the second upper mold insert are arranged in parallel
  • the first upper mold insert and the second upper insert module share the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid outlet control valve of the first main water channel, as well as the cooling cycle of the same main water channel.
  • the block is cooled by water supply to realize targeted control of the cooling water flow in the cooling area of the first main water channel, reduce unnecessary cooling cycles, and accurately control the temperature of each part in the cooling area, thereby controlling the cooling temperature of each part of the stamping part. , Improve the quenching and cooling effect of stamping parts, and avoid the problems of unstable mechanical properties and large deformation of hot stamping parts.
  • the multiple cavities of the main water channel are connected with water passages, and the diameter of the water passages is much smaller than the size of the mould cavity, which is beneficial to change the cooling medium in the water passage and the mould cavity in a stable state into a turbulent state and improve the cooling efficiency;
  • the flow state is relatively stable.
  • the flow velocity is fast in the center, and the flow speed near the wall of the water channel is slow.
  • the internal flow state changes, it is no longer a stable state with fast intermediate flow rate and slow flow rate around it, and is converted into a turbulent flow state, thereby accelerating the heat exchange rate between the cooling water and the insert, and better realizing the insert and stamping parts.
  • multiple cooling channels spread all over the body of the insert to achieve uniform cooling of all parts of the insert, which is conducive to uniform cooling of the hot stamping parts, facilitates the shaping of the hot stamping parts, and controls the deformation and rebound of the hot stamping parts.
  • the lower die base 2 is provided with an independent third main water channel 8 and a fourth main water channel 16.
  • the structures of the third main water channel and the fourth main water channel are exactly the same, and the structure design of the third main water channel in the lower die base is basically The structure is the same as the structure on the second main water channel in the upper die base, and the difference between the two is only that the upper die insert provided on the upper die base is changed to the lower die insert 11 .
  • the upper mold base 1 and the lower mold base 2 are arranged on the positioning parts 12 that cooperate with each other.
  • the positioning part will include positioning pins and positioning pin holes.
  • the positioning pins are set on the lower mold base, and the positioning pins are located on the peripheral side of the lower mold insert. ;
  • the locating pin hole is arranged on the upper die seat, and the locating pin hole is located on the peripheral side of the corresponding upper die insert.
  • the positioning part is used for the positioning and matching of the punching of the upper die insert and the lower die insert to improve the precision of die punching.
  • the upper die base 1 and the lower die base 2 are provided with guide parts 13 that cooperate with each other.
  • the guide parts include guide rods and guide holes.
  • the guide rods are set on the lower die base, and the guide holes are set on the upper die base.
  • the travel spacer is preferably made of rubber. The travel spacer provides a buffer to prevent mold damage during hot stamping of the upper die base and the lower die base.
  • the main water channels on the upper die seat and the lower die seat are provided with water channel cover plates, and pressure relief valves are provided on the water channel cover plates of the upper mold seat and the lower mold seat.
  • the circulation is safe, and the pressure relief valve of the main water channel is controlled at the same time, which can drain the cooling medium inside the main water channel in the upper die seat and the lower die seat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种多水道热冲压模具，包括上模座（1）、上模镶块（9）、下模座（2）和下模镶块（11）；上模座（1）和下模座（2）均设有主水道，主水道中设有多个型腔（17），各型腔（17）之间设置通水口（14）连通，通水口（14）的口径远小于型腔（17）的尺寸，有利于将主水道和型腔（17）中平稳状态下的冷却介质变为湍流状态，提高冷却效率；同时多个型腔（17）在主水道中非单一直线设置，在型腔（17）的某些通水口（14）放置挡水块，能够形成多个冷却区域，多个冷却区域上对应布置多个镶块，既能实现多个镶块同时冷却，又能只对某一镶块进行供水冷却，实现对主水道的冷却水流进行有针对性控制，减少不必要的冷却循环，精确控制主水道以及镶块各部位均匀冷却，实现热冲压件充分均匀冷却，避免热冲压件力学性能不稳定以及变形量大的问题。

Description

一种多水道热冲压模具 技术领域
本发明涉及热冲压技术领域，具体涉及一种多水道热冲压模具。
背景技术
高强度钢板在经过淬火、渗氮等热处理后，其强度可达到1000-1500MPa，约为普通钢材的3-4倍。由于在室温下强度钢和超高强度钢的屈强比较大，塑性变形范围较小，且板料厚度薄的情况下，采用普通的冷冲压方式，高强度钢板在较大的成型力的作用下容易开裂，且容易发生回弹现象，使冲压件的尺寸稳定性下降；同时产生成形力作用下模具的磨损等问题。现有一般采用热冲压成型技术，热冲压成型技术是先将强度钢板或高强度钢板加热到900-950度下并保温2-3min使之完全奥氏体化，再利用装有特殊夹持机构的机械手臂将加热后的钢板快速精准地放入模具中进行冲压加工，保压一段时间后在模内进行淬火处理，得到马氏体组织，马氏组织具有高强度，强度达1500MPa，钢板若不能完全进行马氏体相变，则会在制件内部产生贝氏体组织，由于贝氏体组织较脆，会使制件的力学性能受到非常大的影响；模具中冷却部分设计的好坏直接影响模内淬火过程中马氏体，现有的热冲压模具在实际生产应用中主要存在两类问题，一类问题是高强度钢板热冲压冷却时，模具和冲压件温度难以控制，造成冲压件力学性能不稳定和局部力学性能差异；另一类问题是冲压件的各部位冷却速度差异大，造成冲压件变形量大。因此，业内急需一种多水道热冲压模具。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种多水道热冲压模具，包括上模座和下模座；上模座和下模座均设有主水道，主水道包括多个型腔，各型腔之间设有通水口相连通，且各型腔内设有多个分水道小孔，上模座上设有上模镶块，下模座上设有下模镶块，上模镶块和下模镶块上均设有冷却通道，且冷却通道与分水道小孔相连通，主水道中流通的冷却介质流入上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道；上模镶块和下模镶块冲压过程中直接与板料接触，利用模具的冲压力实现板料热冲压成型，成型的热冲压件的热量通过热传导以及热对流的方式传递至上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道中进行热交换，实现冲压件冷却淬火。
进一步地，上模座和下模座上均设有进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀，上模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于上模座的主水道两端，下模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于下模座的主水道两端。
进一步地，主水道中包括多个冷却区域；冷却区域由主水道中连通的型腔构成，具体包括：模具型腔中不同位置的通水口上设有挡水块，挡水块阻隔该通水口的连通，主水道被设置的挡水块分隔成多个独立的由连通的型腔构成的冷却区域。
进一步地，上模镶块和下模镶块上均加工有多个凹槽；上模镶块的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块，分水块与凹槽配合在上模镶块中形成多条冷却通道；下模镶块的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块，分水块与凹槽配合在下模镶块中形成多条冷却通道。
进一步地，上模座和下模座上设于相互配合的定位部件，定位部将包括定位销和定位销孔，定位销设于下模座上，定位销孔设于上模座。
进一步地，上模座和下模座上设有相互配合的导向部件，导向部件包括导向杆和导向孔，导向杆设于下模座上，导向孔设于上模座。
进一步地，上模座和下模座之间设有行程垫块。
进一步地，上模座和下模座上还设有泄压阀，泄压阀与主水道连通，通过控制泄压阀能够排尽上模座和下模座中主水道内部的冷却介质。
相比于现有技术，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明的一种多水道热冲压模具，包括上模座、上模镶块、下模座和下模镶块；上模座和下模座均设有主水道，主水道中设有多个型腔，各型腔之间设置通水口连通，通水口的口径远小于型腔的尺寸，有利于将水道和型腔中平稳状态下的冷却介质变为湍流状态，提高冷却效率；同时多个型腔在主水道中非单一直线设置，在型腔的某些通水口放置挡水块，能够形成多个冷却区域(多个型腔分成多个由单个型腔或多个型腔相连通的冷却回路)，多个冷区区域上对应布置多个镶块，既能够实现多个镶块同时冷却，又能够只对某一镶块进行供水冷却，实现对主水道的冷却水流进行有针对性控制，减少不必要的冷却循环，精确控制主水道中各部位的温度，进而控制镶块各部位均匀冷却，实现热冲压件各部分充分且均匀冷却，避免热冲压件力学性能不稳定以及变形量大的问题。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外，本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1本实施例一种多水道热冲压模具的构示意图；
图2是图1的上模座结构示意图；
图3是图1的下模座结构示意图；
图4是上模座中水道布置结构示意图；
图5是下模座中水道布置结构示意图；
图6是上模座与上模镶块的结构示意图；
图7是上模镶块与分水块的结构示意图；
其中，1、上模座，2、下模座，3、出液口控制阀，4、进液口控制阀，5、分水道小孔，6、第一主水道，7、第二主水道，8、第三主水道，9、上模镶块，10、分水块，11、下模镶块，12、定位部件，13、导向部件，14、通水口，15、行程垫块，16、第四主水道，17、型腔。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以根据权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
参见图1至图5，一种多水道热冲压模具，包括上模座1、上模镶块9、下模座2和下模镶块11；上模座和下模座均设有主水道，主水道中设置有多个型腔17，多个型腔在主水道中的布置非单一直线设置，各型腔之间设有通水口14相连通，且各型腔内设有多个分水道小孔5；上模镶块设置于上模座上，上模镶块设有冷却通道，上模镶块的冷却通道与上模镶块中主水道的分水道小孔相连通；下模镶块设于下模座上，下模镶块的冷却通道与下模镶块中主水道的分水道小孔相连通；上模座和下模座上均设有进液口控制阀4和出液口控制阀3，上模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于上模座的主水道两端，下模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于下模座的主水道两端。本实施例中分水道小孔采用圆形孔。
冷却介质经进液口控制阀流入主水道中设置的型腔，型腔中的冷却介质通过分水道小孔流入上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道；上模镶块和下模镶块冲压过程中直接与板料接触，利用模具的冲压力实现板料热冲压成型，成型的热冲压件的热量通过热传导以及热对流的方式传递至上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道中与冷却介质进行热交换，实现冲压件冷却淬火。本实施例中冷却介质采用水。
参见图6和图7，冷却通道具体由镶块上加工的凹槽与分水块10构成，上模镶块加工有多件凹槽，上模镶块9的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块10，分水块与凹槽配合在上模镶块中形成多条冷却通道，多条冷却通道环绕上模镶块周身；下模镶块加工有多件凹槽，下模镶块的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块，分水块与凹槽配合在下模镶块中形成多条冷却通道，多条冷却通道环绕下模镶镶块周身。上模镶块和下模镶块中设置多条冷却通道，有利于冷却介质快速流遍上模镶块和下模镶块，利于镶块快速降温的同时精确控制镶块各部位的温度，实现对模具中板料的快速冷却淬火，且达到高强度钢板热冲压的力学性能要求。
上模座上设有独立的的第一主水道6和第二主水道7，第一主水道和第二主水道中的结构完全相同，第一主水道上布置有多个冷却区域，冷却区域由第一主水道中连通的型腔构成，具体包括：第一主水道各型腔中不同位置的通水口上设有挡水块，挡水块阻隔该通水口的连通，第一主水道被设置的挡水块分隔成多个独立的且由连通的型腔构成的冷却区域，(即挡水 块阻断主水道其中一些通路的型腔的通水口，形成所需冷却区域中单个型腔或多个型腔相连通的冷却回路)。
本实施例中，第一主水道上设有两件上模镶块，具体包括第一上模镶块和第二上模镶块，第一上模镶块和第二上模镶块并行设置于第一主水道的冷却区域中，第一上模镶块和第二上镶模块共用第一主水道的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀，以及同一个主水道冷却循环，同时通过在第一主水道的型腔的通水口放置挡水块的方式，对并行设置的两个镶块的水道水流进行分布控制，既能够实现两个镶块同时冷却，又能够只对某一镶块进行供水冷却，实现对第一主水道的冷却区域中的冷却水流进行有针对性控制，减少不必要的冷却循环，精确控制冷却区域中各部位的温度，从而控制冲压件的各部分冷却温度，提高冲压件的淬火冷却效果，避免热冲压件力学性能不稳定以及变形量大的问题。
主水道的多个型腔之间设有通水口相连通，通水口的口径远小于型腔的尺寸，有利于将水道和型腔中平稳状态下的冷却介质变为湍流状态，提高冷却效率；冷却介质在主水道以及型腔流动时，流动状态比较稳定，通常中心处流速快，靠近水道壁面的流动速度慢，当流经通水口时，冷却水经过截面积突然减小的区域，冷却水内部的流动状态发生变化，不再是中间流速快，四周流速慢的平稳状态，转换为湍流流动状态，从而加快冷却水与镶块之间的换热速率，更好的实现镶块以及冲压件的充分冷却，同时多个冷却通道遍及镶块周身，实现镶块各部位冷却的均匀化，利于对热冲压件进行均匀冷却，且便于热冲压件的定型，控制热冲压件变形和反弹。
下模座2上设有独立的第三主水道8和第四主水道16，第三主水道和第四主水道中的结构完全相同，且下模座中第三主水道上的结构设计基本与上模座中的第二主水道上的结构相同，两者区别仅在于上模座上设有的上模镶块变更为下模镶块11。
上模座1和下模座2上设于相互配合的定位部件12，定位部将包括定位销和定位销孔，优选定位销设于下模座上，且定位销位于下模镶块周侧；定位销孔设于上模座，且定位销孔位于对应上模镶块的周侧。定位部件用于上模镶块和下模镶块冲压的定位匹配，提高模具冲压的精准性。上模座1和下模座2上设有相互配合的导向部件13，导向部件包括导向杆和导向孔，优选导向杆设于下模座上，导向孔设于上模座，导向部件有利于提高上模座和下模座冲压时平稳运行；同时配合定位部件协同作用，有效减少模具热冲压成型时产生冲压件成型误差；另外上模座1和下模座2之间设有行程垫块15，行程垫块优选橡胶材质的垫块，行程垫块提供缓冲作用，用于防止上模座和下模座热冲压时模具损伤。
上模座和下模座上的主水道上设有水道盖板，上模座和下模座水道盖板上均设有泄压阀，泄压阀与主水道连通，用于保护主水道的流通安全，同时控制主水道的泄压阀，能够排尽上模座和下模座中主水道内部的冷却介质。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，包括上模座和下模座；上模座和下模座均设有主水道，主水道包括多个型腔，各型腔之间设有通水口相连通，且各型腔内设有多个分水道小孔，上模座上设有上模镶块，下模座上设有下模镶块，上模镶块和下模镶块上均设有冷却通道，且冷却通道与分水道小孔相连通，主水道中流通的冷却介质流入上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道；上模镶块和下模镶块冲压过程中直接与板料接触，利用模具的冲压力实现板料热冲压成型，成型的热冲压件的热量通过热传导以及热对流的方式传递至上模镶块和下模镶块的冷却通道中进行热交换，实现冲压件冷却淬火。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模座和下模座上均设有进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀，上模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于上模座的主水道两端，下模座的进液口控制阀和出液口控制阀分别连接于下模座的主水道两端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，包括多个冷却区域；冷却区域由主水道中连通的型腔构成，具体包括：模具型腔中不同位置的通水口上设有挡水块，挡水块阻隔该通水口的连通，主水道被设置的挡水块分隔成多个独立的由连通的型腔构成的冷却区域。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模镶块和下模镶块上均加工有多个凹槽；上模镶块的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块，分水块与凹槽配合在上模镶块中形成多条冷却通道；下模镶块的各凹槽中分别插设有分水块，分水块与凹槽配合在下模镶块中形成多条冷却通道。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项中所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模座和下模座上设于相互配合的定位部件，定位部将包括定位销和定位销孔，定位销设于下模座上，定位销孔设于上模座。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模座和下模座上设有相互配合的导向部件，导向部件包括导向杆和导向孔，导向杆设于下模座上，导向孔设于上模座。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模座和下模座之间设有行程垫块。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种多水道热冲压模具，其特征在于，上模座和下模座上还设有泄压阀，泄压阀与主水道连通，通过控制泄压阀能够排尽上模座和下模座中主水道内部的冷却介质。
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