WO2022095981A1

WO2022095981A1 - Multi-band fusion antenna assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2022095981A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/129126
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王敏; 张海伟; 章秀银; 杨圣杰; 丁昱智
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-11-06
Filing date: 2021-11-05
Publication date: 2022-05-12
Also published as: CN114447605A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communications, and provide a multi-band fusion antenna assembly. The present application can reduce the coupling of signals radiated by radiators of different frequency bands in multi-band fusion antennas, and reduce the radiation pattern distortion of antenna oscillators. The multi-band fusion antenna assembly comprises a first radiator used for radiating signals in a first frequency range, and a second radiator used for radiating signals in a second frequency range. A first height of the first radiator is less than a second height of the second radiator. The first radiator comprises a first radiating arm set and a balun set. The second radiator comprises a second radiating arm set and a second balun set. The second radiating arm set comprises at least one second radiating arm. Each second radiating arm in the second radiating arm set is provided with a plurality of a plurality of conductive material patches, wherein an insulating dielectric layer is provided between the plurality of conductive material patches and each second radiating arm

Description

Multi-band fusion antenna assembly

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011233919.7 and the application name "Multi-band Fusion Antenna Assembly", which was submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office on November 06, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a multi-band fusion antenna assembly.

Background technique

With the advanced development of wireless communication, multiple frequency bands in the second/third/fourth/fifth generation (2G/3G/4G/5G) mobile communication technology will coexist in the base station antenna system. From the perspective of product development and system installation, in order to save valuable space resources, reduce installation difficulty, and improve the compatibility and versatility of communication systems, antennas of different frequency bands are integrated and integrated into a multi-frequency common aperture antenna array. It is an inevitable trend in the development of base station antennas.

However, due to the limited size of the base station antenna array, when the distance between the antenna elements is reduced, the spatial distribution of the antenna elements in different frequency bands often overlaps and nests, and the coupling between the antenna elements will significantly affect the performance of the antenna array. The radiator of the large-sized low-frequency antenna element located above will block the radiator of the small-sized high-frequency antenna element below (as shown in Figure 1), so that when the radiator of the high-frequency antenna element works, the radiator of the low-frequency antenna element will experience The induced high-frequency current will cause electromagnetic field scattering and reflection to distort the radiation pattern of the high-frequency antenna element, thereby deteriorating the radiation efficiency of the entire multi-frequency common-aperture antenna array.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide a radiator, a multi-band fusion antenna assembly, an antenna and an electronic device, which can reduce the coupling of radiator radiation signals of different frequency bands in the multi-band fusion antenna, reduce the radiation pattern distortion of the antenna vibrator, and improve the frequency Radiation Efficiency of Frequency Common Aperture Antenna Arrays.

In a first aspect, a multi-band fusion antenna assembly is provided. The multi-band fusion antenna assembly includes a ground plate, a first radiator and a second radiator; the first radiator is used for radiating signals in the first frequency range, and the second radiator is used for radiating signals in the second frequency range; The floor is used to reflect part of the signal radiated by the first radiator and part of the signal radiated by the second radiator; the first height of the first radiator is smaller than the second height of the second radiator, and the first height and the second height are perpendicular to the height in the direction of the ground plate; the first radiator includes a first radiating arm group and a first balun group, and the first radiating arm group is coupled to the first feeding circuit corresponding to the first radiator through the first balun group; The two radiators include a second radiating arm group and a second balun group, the second radiating arm group is coupled to a second feeding circuit corresponding to the second radiator through the second balun group; the second radiating arm group includes at least one The second radiation arm; a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on each of the second radiation arms in the second radiation arm group, wherein an insulating medium layer is arranged between the plurality of conductive material patches and each of the second radiation arms. In this way, a first capacitor is formed between each conductive material patch and the second radiation arm, a second capacitance is formed between adjacent conductive material patches, and the second radiation arm opposite to each conductive material patch is equivalent to The first inductance, each conductive material patch itself is equivalent to the second inductance, the first capacitance and the second capacitance in the equivalent circuit formed in this way have the characteristic of conducting signals in the first frequency range, and the first inductance and The second inductance has the effect of high resistance to the signal in the first frequency range, and can effectively filter out the induced current to the signal in the first frequency range coupled on the second radiator when the first radiator is working, that is, to the first frequency The induced current formed on the second radiator by the signal in the range has a decoupling effect, which can reduce the influence of the second radiator on the radiation pattern of the first radiator, reduce the distortion of the radiation pattern of the antenna vibrator, and improve the multi-frequency common. Radiation efficiency of aperture antenna arrays. In addition, according to the operating frequency of the first radiator, the first capacitance, the second capacitance, the first capacitance, the first capacitance, the first capacitance, the The values of the inductance and the second inductance can also control the coupling current generated on the second radiator when the first radiator works.

In a possible implementation manner, the plurality of conductive material patches are distributed along a direction in which the current flows through the second radiation arm where the plurality of conductive material patches are located. Since the radiation pattern of the first radiation arm is mainly related to the induced current coupled to the signal of the first frequency range in the second radiation arm, it is necessary to couple the second radiation arm in the direction of current flow through the second radiation arm. The signals of the first radiation arm are decoupled, so that the plurality of conductive material patches are distributed along the direction of current flowing through the second radiation arm where the plurality of conductive material patches are located.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one first conductive via hole is provided in the insulating medium layer, and each first conductive via hole is connected to a conductive material patch. Since the increase of the first conductive via is equivalent to increasing the area of the conductive material patch, it can increase the facing area between the conductive material patch and the second radiation arm, and can increase the sensing area between the conductive material patches, which is equivalent to The capacitance values of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are increased. Due to the conduction characteristic of the first capacitor to the signal in the first frequency range, it is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be sufficiently coupled to the conductive material patch. Due to the conduction characteristic of the second capacitor to the signal in the first frequency range, it is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be transmitted between the conductive material patches.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one first conductive via is located on both sides of the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and is sequentially arranged along the direction in which the current flows through the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located. In this way, since the at least one first conductive via is mainly arranged on both sides of the second radiating arm along the direction in which the current flows through the second radiating arm where the conductive material patch is located, the second radiating arm and the conductive material patch can be mainly improved. The amount of capacitive coupling between the chips, that is, mainly increases the capacitance value of the first capacitor, to ensure that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be sufficiently coupled to the conductive material patch.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one first conductive via is located at both ends of the conductive material patch in the direction of flowing through the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and flows through the conductive material patch in a direction perpendicular to the current flow through the conductive material patch The directions of the second radiation arms are arranged in sequence. In this way, since the at least one first conductive via is mainly arranged at both ends of the conductive material patch in a direction perpendicular to the direction perpendicular to the second radiation arm where the current flows through the conductive material patch, the added at least one first conductive via It is equivalent to increasing the facing area between the conductive material patch and the conductive material patch, which is equivalent to increasing the capacitance value of the second capacitor, so the capacitive coupling between the conductive material patches can be mainly improved. It is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be transferred between the patches of conductive material.

In a possible implementation manner, any conductive material patch in the plurality of conductive patches is a sheet-like structure or a bent strip-like structure. For example, the patch of conductive material may be serpentine in shape. In this way, the unfolded length of the conductive material patch can be increased, which is equivalent to increasing the conduction length of the first inductance, thereby increasing the impedance to the signal in the first frequency range.

In a possible implementation manner, two adjacent conductive material patches are in a sheet-like structure, and two adjacent conductive material patches are in an interdigitated structure at two adjacent ends. This increases the amount of capacitive coupling between patches of conductive material. Equivalent to increasing the capacitance value of the second capacitor, it is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be transmitted between the conductive material patches.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one second conductive via is provided in the insulating medium layer, one end of each second conductive via is connected to a conductive material patch, and the The other end is connected with the second radiation arm. This is equivalent to adding an inductance between the conductive material patch and the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, thereby improving the filtering characteristics of the equivalent circuit.

In a possible implementation manner, on any second radiation arm in the second radiation arm group, at least two rows of conductive material patches are distributed in the direction of current flowing through any second radiation arm. In this way, the flexibility of controlling the coupling current generated on the second radiator when the first radiator is operating can be increased.

In a possible implementation manner, the center horizontal distance and/or the center vertical distance between the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group is less than or equal to λ, where λ is the center frequency wavelength of the first frequency range. Generally, when the center horizontal distance and/or the center vertical distance of the first radiating arm group and the second radiating arm group are less than or equal to λ, the second radiator will have an impact on the radiation pattern of the first radiator, and the embodiment of the present application is adopted. When the solution is provided, the influence of the second radiator on the radiation pattern of the first radiator can be minimized, so a smaller distance between the first radiating arm group and the second radiating arm group can be achieved, so that the two are structurally More compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization of equipment.

In a possible implementation manner, the maximum size of the path through which the current flows in each conductive material patch is mλ, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency range, and m≤0.15. This ensures that the signal of the first radiation arm coupled by the second radiation arm is effectively coupled to the conductive material patch.

In a possible implementation manner, a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on one side of each second radiating arm perpendicular to the direction of the ground plate. Two ways to set the conductive material patch are provided. For example, a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on a side of each second radiation arm close to the ground plate, or a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on a side of each second radiation arm away from the ground plate.

In a possible implementation, the second radiator is single-polarized or dual-polarized. Wherein single polarization can be polarization in any direction, such as polarization perpendicular to the ground or horizontal to the ground; dual polarization can be a polarization perpendicular to the ground or a polarization horizontal to the ground, Or a pair of intersecting ±45° polarizations, where different polarization modes of the second radiator are provided in this scheme, which enriches the polarization modes of the second radiator. Reduce polarization loss in complex environment.

In a possible implementation manner, the polarization manner of the second radiator includes: linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization. Exemplarily, linear polarization includes horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, elliptical polarization includes left-handed elliptical polarization and right-handed elliptical polarization, and circular polarization includes left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization. In this solution, different polarization modes of the second radiator are provided, which enriches the polarization modes of the second radiator, so that it can adapt to the intensity requirements of radiation signals in different environments.

In a possible implementation, the maximum frequency of the first frequency range is higher than the maximum frequency of the second frequency range, and the minimum frequency of the first frequency range is higher than the minimum frequency of the second frequency range. Due to the different sizes of radiators in different frequency ranges, for example, radiators that radiate signals in higher frequency ranges are usually smaller in size; radiators that radiate signals in lower frequency ranges are usually larger in size. When multiple large-sized radiators are set on the antenna, the space between the radiators is large, so the large-sized radiators can be integrated with the smaller-sized radiators, and the larger-sized radiators can be integrated during integration. The radiator is arranged above the smaller-sized radiator, so that the smaller-sized radiator is arranged in the space between the larger-sized radiators to realize a multi-band fusion antenna.

In a second aspect, a radiator for a multi-band fusion antenna is provided, the radiator is disposed on a ground plate of the multi-band fusion antenna, the radiator includes a radiation arm group and a balun group, and the radiation arm group The balun group is coupled to the feeding circuit corresponding to the radiator; the radiating arm group includes at least one radiating arm; each of the radiating arms in the radiating arm group is provided with a plurality of conductive materials A patch, wherein an insulating medium layer is arranged between the plurality of conductive material patches and each of the radiation arms.

In a possible implementation manner, the plurality of conductive material patches are distributed along a direction in which current flows through the radiation arm where the plurality of conductive material patches are located.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one first conductive via is provided in the insulating medium layer, and each of the first conductive vias is connected to one of the conductive material patches.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one of the first conductive vias is located on both sides of the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and flows along the current through the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located The directions of the arms are arranged in order.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one of the first conductive via holes is located at both ends of the conductive material patch in a direction in which the current flows through the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and is perpendicular to the The directions in which the current flows through the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located are arranged in sequence.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one second conductive via hole is provided in the insulating medium layer, one end of each second conductive via hole is connected to one of the conductive material patches, and each of the second conductive via holes is connected to one of the conductive material patches. The other end of the second conductive via is connected to the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located.

In a possible implementation manner, any one of the conductive material patches in the plurality of conductive patches is a sheet-like structure or a bent strip-like structure.

In a possible implementation manner, when two adjacent conductive material patches are in a sheet-like structure, two adjacent conductive material patches are in an interdigitated structure at two adjacent ends.

In a possible implementation manner, on any of the radiation arms in the radiation arm group, at least two rows of the conductive material patches are distributed in a direction in which the current flows through any of the radiation arms.

In a possible implementation manner, a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on one side of each radiating arm perpendicular to the direction of the ground plate. Two ways to set the conductive material patch are provided. For example, a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on a side of each radiation arm close to the ground plate, or a plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on a side of each radiation arm away from the ground plate.

A third aspect provides an antenna, including: the multi-band fusion antenna assembly in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect and at least two sets of feed circuits, wherein a first radiator of the multi-band fusion antenna assembly is coupled to the first feed circuit corresponding to the first radiator; the second radiator of the multi-band fusion antenna assembly is coupled to the second feed circuit corresponding to the second radiator.

A fourth aspect provides an electronic device, characterized in that it includes a radio frequency circuit and the antenna according to the third aspect connected to the radio frequency circuit, and the radio frequency circuit is configured to transmit the processed radio frequency circuit through the antenna. Signal.

Wherein, for the technical effects brought by any possible implementation manners of the second aspect to the fourth aspect, reference may be made to the technical effects brought about by different implementation manners of the above-mentioned first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radiation pattern of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station of a BBU-AAU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station of a BBU-AAU architecture provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a second radiator provided by yet another embodiment of the application;

FIG. 18 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

20 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 22 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to still another embodiment of the present application;

23 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a multi-band fusion antenna assembly provided by yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the normalized gain simulation of the RCS of the second radiator of a multi-band fusion antenna according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 29 is a schematic simulation diagram of an antenna pattern of a multi-band fusion antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

30 is a schematic diagram of an actual gain curve in each antenna direction of a multi-band fusion antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of peak gain curves at various operating frequencies of a multi-band fusion antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

Antenna array: In order to be suitable for applications in various occasions, two or more single antennas working at the same frequency are fed and spatially arranged according to certain requirements to form an array, also called an antenna array.

Antenna Array: The area of the antenna array.

Antenna vibrator: The antenna vibrator is the most basic unit that constitutes an antenna, and has the function of guiding and amplifying electromagnetic waves. Usually the antenna vibrator is a conductor. When an alternating current flows on the antenna vibrator, electromagnetic wave radiation can occur, and the radiation capability is related to the structure of the antenna vibrator. In the embodiments of the present application, the radiating arm can be used as an antenna element.

Scattering: Scattering is the phenomenon that when the surface of the object irradiated by the projected wave has a large curvature or even is not smooth, the secondary radiation wave is diffused and distributed according to a certain law in the angular domain.

Pattern: Refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus value) of the radiated field changing with the direction at a certain distance from the antenna, usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the maximum radiation direction of the antenna.

Antenna bandwidth: The frequency range of the antenna electrical parameters within the allowable range, where the center frequency is the frequency midpoint of the antenna bandwidth.

Polarization: A parameter describing the spatial orientation of the electromagnetic wave vector radiated by an antenna. Since the electric field and the magnetic field have a constant relationship, the spatial orientation of the electric field vector is generally used as the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna.

Wavelength: The distance a wave travels in one vibration period, usually expressed as λ.

The electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application may be a multi-band fusion base station, or other communication devices with similar functions. Taking a multi-band fusion base station as an example, the base station can be divided into a baseband unit (BBU)-active antenna unit (AAU), a central unit-distribute unit (CU- DU)-AAU, BBU-remote radio unit (remote radio unit, RRU)-antenna (antenna), CU-DU-RRU-Antenna, integrated base station (node base station, gNB) and other different architectures. Taking a base station with a BBU-AAU architecture as an example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the base station includes a BBU11 and an AAU12; wherein, the BBU11 transmits the generated baseband digital signal through the AAU12. As shown in FIG. 3 , the AAU 12 includes n (an integer greater than or equal to 1) signal transmission channels, and each signal transmission channel includes a digital to analog converter 121 (DAC, digital to analog converter), a radio frequency circuit 122 and an antenna 123 , wherein, The digital-to-analog converter 121 is used to convert the baseband digital signal output by the baseband processing unit into an analog signal, and the radio frequency circuit 122 is used to convert the analog signal into a low-power radio frequency signal and output it to the antenna 123 for outward radiation. The radio frequency circuit 122 may include circuits such as a power amplifier (power amplifier, PA) and a filter (filter), wherein the PA is used to power amplify the low-power radio frequency signal, and the filter is used to filter the radio frequency signal. It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the base stations shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , and any of the above electronic devices that need to use antennas to radiate radio frequency signals to the outside belong to the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including a multi-band fusion antenna assembly and at least two sets of feed circuits, wherein the multi-band fusion antenna assembly at least includes a first radiator and a second radiator, and the two radiators can be considered as They are antenna elements, which are used to radiate signals in different frequency bands. The first radiator and the second radiator correspond to the first feeder circuit and the second feeder circuit respectively, the first radiator is coupled to the first feeder circuit, and the second radiator is coupled to the second feeder and the second radiator. electrical circuit. The following is a detailed introduction to the multi-band fusion antenna assembly in this application.

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , and FIG. 6 , the multi-band fusion antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment of the present application may include one or more first radiators 102 , and at the same time, may include one or more second radiators 103 . For the convenience of illustration, in FIGS. 4-6 , the first radiator 102 (shown in the figure as a “T” shape but relatively low) and the second radiator 103 (shown in the figure as a “T” shape but relatively high) to represent the minimum number of radiators that the multi-band fusion antenna assembly 100 needs to include. For example, the multi-band fusion antenna assembly 100 shown in FIG. 7 includes four first radiators (102-1, 102-2, 102-3, 102-4), and one second radiator 103; FIG. 8 shows The multi-band fusion antenna assembly 100 includes a plurality of first radiators (represented by, for example, 102-1, 102-n in the figure, other similar ones are not marked) and two second radiators (103-1, 103-n). 2). Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 4 , the multi-band fusion antenna assembly 100 further includes a ground plate 101 , and two

radiators

102 and 103 are respectively disposed on the ground plate 101 . In this application, the grounding plate 101 may also be called a reflecting plate. While playing a grounding role, it is also used to reflect part of the radiation signal of the first radiator and part of the radiation signal of the second radiator. The larger the area of the grounding plate, the more The larger the radiated signal that can be reflected, the more.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator 102 is used to radiate signals in the first frequency range, and the second radiator 103 is used to radiate signals in the second frequency range; Radiators that radiate signals in the higher frequency range are usually smaller in size; radiators that radiate signals in the lower frequency range are usually larger in size. When multiple large-sized radiators are set on the antenna, the space between the radiators is large, so the large-sized radiators can be integrated with the smaller-sized radiators, and the larger-sized radiators can be integrated during integration. The radiator is arranged above the radiator of the smaller size, so that the radiator of the smaller size is arranged in the space between the radiators of the larger size to realize the multi-band fusion antenna. The first height H1 of a radiator 102 is smaller than the second height H2 of the second radiator 103, wherein the first height H1 and the second height H2 are the heights in the direction perpendicular to the ground plate 101; Conducive to the miniaturization of equipment.

The first radiator 102 includes a first radiation arm group and a first balun group, the first radiation arm group includes at least one (ie one or more) first radiation arms; the first balun group includes at least one first balun ; The first radiation arm group is coupled to the first feeding circuit 104-1 corresponding to the first radiator through the first balun group; for example: in FIG. 4, the first radiation arm 1021 is coupled to the first radiator through the first balun 1022. A feeding circuit 104-1. The second radiator 103 includes a second radiation arm group and a second balun group, the second radiation arm group includes at least one second radiation arm; the second balun group includes at least one second balun; the second radiation arm group passes through The second balun group is coupled to the second feed circuit 104-2 corresponding to the second radiator. For example, in FIG. 4 , the second radiating arm 1031 is coupled to the second feeding circuit 104 - 2 through the second balun 1034 . Among them, the radiation arm is an element for radiating signals, which can be considered as an antenna element. Balun's full English name (balanced to unbalanced, referred to as Balun; Chinese full name: balanced-unbalanced converter, referred to as a weighing device), is a common circuit component, the main function of a weighing device is to convert a single-ended signal into The specific implementation of the differential signal is a well-known technology, which is not repeated in this application.

In an antenna, the number of radiation arms and baluns is not limited. For example, in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , the second radiation arm group includes four second radiation arms (1031-1, 1031-2, 1031-3, 1031-4), the second balun group includes two second baluns (1034-1, 1034-2), and the second radiating arms 1031-1, 1031-3 are coupled to the second balun through the second balun 1034-1 Feed circuit 104-2; second radiating arms 1031-2, 1031-4 are coupled to second feed circuit 104-2 through second balun 1034-2. The structure of the first radiation arm group can refer to the prior art, such as FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 , the first radiation arm group includes four first radiation arms (1021-1, 1021-2, 1021-3, 1021-4), The four first radiating arms constitute the "X"-shaped structure shown in Figure 8), the first balun group includes two first baluns (1022), the first radiating arms (1021-1, 1021-3) The first radiating arms ( 1021 - 2 , 1021 - 4 ) are coupled to the first feeding circuit 104 - 1 through another second balun 1022 .

4 also shows the connection between the multi-frequency fusion antenna and the AAU in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the radio frequency circuit 122-1 is coupled to the first feeding circuit 104-1, so that the radio frequency circuit 122-1 is coupled to the first feeding circuit 104-1. The output radio frequency signal (signal in the first frequency range) can be output to the first balun through the port provided by the first feeding circuit 104-1, and then radiated out through the first radiation arm group. The radio frequency circuit 122-2 is coupled to the second feeding circuit 104-2, so that the radio frequency signal (the signal in the second frequency range) output by the radio frequency circuit 122-1 can be output to the second feeding circuit 104-2 through the port provided by the second feeding circuit 104-2. Two baluns, and then radiate out through the second radiation arm group.

Among the above two types of radiators, see FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , all the first radiators (102-1, . (omitted in) can share one first feeding circuit 104-1, that is, all the first radiators are correspondingly coupled to one first feeding circuit, or each first radiator (102-1, . . . 102-n) One first feed circuit may be used respectively, eg each first radiator (102-1, . . . 102-n) is coupled to one first feed circuit, respectively. All second radiators (103-1, 103-2) may share a second feed circuit, that is, all second radiators (103-1, 103-2) are correspondingly coupled to one first feed circuit, Or each second radiator (103-1, 103-2) may be coupled to a second feed circuit, respectively. In addition, for the first radiator or the second radiator, the balun and the feeding circuit can be coupled through a coaxial line or a microstrip line.

As shown in FIG. 9 , it is a schematic diagram of coupling the balun and the feeding circuit by using a coaxial cable. In this method, the balun a is connected to one end of the coaxial cable b through the first interface, and the feeding circuit c is connected through the second interface. Connect the other end of the coaxial line b; when the balun and the feeding circuit are connected by a microstrip line.

As shown in Figure 10, it is a schematic diagram of the coupling between the balun and the feeding circuit using microstrip lines. In this way, the microstrip line is usually set in the printed circuit board (PCB), and the balun a is usually connected with the The microstrip line d in the PCB is connected, and a first connector is provided on the PCB for input or output of the signal on the microstrip line d; the feeding circuit c is connected to the first connector on the PCB through the second connector. The aforementioned balun a may be the first balun 1022 or the second balun 1034, and the feeding circuit c may be the first feeding circuit 104-1 or the second feeding circuit 104-2.

It can be understood that the connection manner of the first balun and the first feeding circuit and the connection manner of the second balun and the second feeding circuit can be the same or different. The feed circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application may be in the form of a PCB, wherein conductive traces are provided on the PCB. To implement the function of the feed circuit, the feed circuit may specifically include devices such as a power divider and a phase shifter.

In the present application, each second radiation arm in the second radiation arm group (for example, the second radiation arm 1031 in FIG. 4 ) is provided with a plurality of conductive material patches 1032 , wherein the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 and the first radiation arm An insulating medium layer 1033 is disposed between the two radiation arms 1031 .

The conductive material patch 1032 may be based on various conductive materials, typically various metals with high electrical conductivity, such as copper, are used. In one implementation, as shown in FIG. 11 , the conductive material patch 1032 is generally a sheet-like structure, such as a rectangular metal strip line. The conductive material patches 1032 are parallel to the second radiation arm 1031 (including 1031-1, 1031-2, 1031-3, 1031-4) and arranged in a row, and each conductive material patch 1032 is equivalent to an inductor. The conductive material patch 1032 and the radiation arm 1031 of the second radiator 103 can be printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the PCB board respectively, that is, the PCB board is used as the insulating medium layer 1033, and the conductive material patch 1032 and the second radiator 103 are printed on the upper and lower surfaces. A coupling capacitance is formed between the second radiation arms 1031 . The distance between the conductive material patches 1032 disposed on the second radiation arm 1031 may be periodic or aperiodic, and a coupling capacitance is formed between adjacent conductive material patches 1031 .

In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5 , the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 are distributed along the direction in which the current flows through the second radiation arm 1031 where the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 are located, and FIG. 5 shows As for the direction of the current I, since the radio frequency signal is usually an alternating current signal, the current direction on the second radiation arm 1031-1 is usually two opposite directions. Wherein, a plurality of conductive material patches 1032 are disposed on one side of each second radiation arm 1033 perpendicular to the direction of the ground plate 101 . For example, in FIG. 4 , it is arranged above (or on the front side) of the second radiation arm 1033 , and may also be arranged below or on the back side of the second radiation arm 1033 (as shown in FIG. 11 ). In some examples, the conductive material patch 1032 may also extend to both sides of the second radiation arm 1031 in a direction perpendicular to the current flow in the second radiation arm. As shown in FIG. 11, in the direction perpendicular to the current I in the second radiation arm 1031, the width W2 of the second radiation arm 1031 may be greater than the width W1 of the conductive material patch 1032, or the width W2 of the second radiation arm 1031 may also be Less than or equal to the width W1 of the conductive material patch 1032 . 12 , 13 and 14 , FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the partial structure of the second radiator, FIG. 13 is a structural view along the direction A of the structure shown in FIG. 12 , and FIG. Figure 12 shows a structural view of the structure along the B direction. The conductive material patch 1032 is disposed on the side of the second radiation arm 1031 close to the ground plate 102 ( FIG. 4 ).

15 , 16 , and 17 , FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of the partial structure of the second radiator, FIG. 16 is a structural view of the structure shown in FIG. 15 along the direction A, and FIG. 17 is a corresponding view 15 shows a structural view of the structure along the B direction. The conductive material patch 1032 is disposed on the side of the second radiation arm 1031 away from the ground plate 102 ( FIG. 4 ).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 11 , two adjacent conductive material patches are in sheet-like structures. In order to improve the capacitive coupling between the conductive material patches 1032 , as shown in FIG. 18 , two adjacent conductive material patches are Sheets 1032-1 and 1032-2 are interdigitated structures 1036 (or referred to as interdigitated structures) at two adjacent ends. In this way, it is equivalent to increase the facing area between the conductive material patch 1032-1 and the conductive material patch 1032-2, which is equivalent to increasing the capacitance between the two conductive material patches 1032-1 and 1032-2 value to ensure that the signal coupled from the first radiator to the second radiator can pass between the conductive material patches 1032-1 and 1032-2.

In addition, in order to increase the inductance of the conductive material patch 1032 to increase the impedance to the signal coupled from the first radiator to the second radiator, referring to FIG. 19 , any conductive material patch among the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 is a bent strip structure, which can increase the expansion length of the conductive material patch 1032, which is equivalent to increasing the conduction length of the current in the conductive material patch 1032, thereby increasing the impedance to high frequency signals. As shown in FIG. 19 , the shape of the conductive material patch 1032 may be serpentine.

In this way, for each conductive material patch 1032, a first capacitor C1 is formed between it and the second radiation arm 1031, a second capacitor C2 is formed between adjacent conductive material patches 1032, and each conductive material patch 1032 The opposite second radiation arm 1031 is equivalent to the first inductance L1, and each conductive material patch 1032 itself is equivalent to the second inductance L2, thus forming an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. 20, the capacitance in the equivalent circuit C1 and C2 have the characteristic of conducting signals in the first frequency range, and the inductors L1 and L2 have the effect of high resistance to the signals in the first frequency range. Therefore, the equivalent circuit formed by C1, C2, L1 and L2 can effectively Filter out the induced current of the signal in the first frequency range that is coupled on the second radiator when the first radiator is working, that is, it has a decoupling effect on the induced current formed on the second radiator of the signal in the first frequency range , so that the influence of the second radiator on the radiation pattern of the first radiator can be reduced, the radiation pattern distortion of the antenna element can be reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the multi-frequency common aperture antenna array can be improved. In addition, according to the operating frequency of the first radiator, by changing the area (eg, shape) and position (eg, period of the distance between the conductive material patches 1032 ) of the conductive material patches 1032 , the L1 , L2 , C1 and C2 are adjusted It can also realize the control of the coupling current generated on the second radiator when the first radiator is working.

In the embodiment of the present application, the maximum frequency of the first frequency range is higher than the maximum frequency of the second frequency range, and the minimum frequency of the first frequency range is higher than the minimum frequency of the second frequency range. In this way, since the first radiator 102 is used to radiate signals in the first frequency range, and the second radiator 103 is used to radiate signals in the second frequency range, the size of the first radiator 102 is usually smaller, and the second radiator 103 The size of the radiator is relatively large, so the first radiator 102 can be arranged below the second radiator 103 . That is, the length of the first balun 1022 to which the first radiation arm 1021 is connected is smaller than the length of the second balun 1034 to which the second radiation arm 1031 is connected. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , in the first radiator 102 and the second radiator 103, the center horizontal distance L and \or center vertical distance H of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are less than or equal to λ, where λ is the center frequency wavelength of the first frequency range. Taking FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 as examples, the first radiation arm group includes four first radiation arms (1021-1, 1021-2, 1021-3, 1021-4), and the second radiation arm group includes four The second radiation arm (1031-1, 1031-2, 1031-3, 1031-4), the center of the first radiation arm group is four first radiation arms (1021-1, 1021-2, 1021-3, 1021 -4), the center of the second radiation arm group is the geometric center of the four second radiation arms (1031-1, 1031-2, 1031-3, 1031-4). Generally, when the center horizontal distance and/or the center vertical distance between the first radiating arm group and the second radiating arm group is less than or equal to λ, the second radiator will affect the radiation pattern of the first radiator. Therefore, in order to avoid the influence of the second radiator on the radiation pattern of the first radiator in the prior art, usually the center horizontal distance and the center vertical distance of the first radiating arm group and the second radiating arm group are set to be greater than λ, so that It is not conducive to the miniaturization of equipment. However, when the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is adopted, the influence of the second radiator on the radiation pattern of the first radiator can be minimized, and therefore, the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group can be made smaller (for example, the center horizontal distance and/or the center vertical distance of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group can be configured to be less than or equal to λ), so that the two are more compact in structure, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the maximum size of the path through which the current flows in each conductive material patch 1032 is mλ, where λ is the center frequency wavelength of the first frequency range, and m≤0.15. Among them, the maximum size of the path through which the current flows in the conductive material patch 1032 is mainly related to the shape of the conductive patch. Usually, in the direction perpendicular to the ground plate, the thickness of the conductive material patch is usually the smallest in its structure. The application does not consider the influence of its thickness on the path through which the current flows, and the path through which the current flows mainly considers the path of the current in the plane of the conductive material patch perpendicular to its thickness direction. As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 18 , the conductive material patch 1032 is a sheet-like structure, and the maximum size of the path through which the current flows is the length of the current flowing in the conductive material patch 1032 along the center line of the conductive material patch 1032; As shown in 20, the conductive material patch 1032 is a bent strip structure, and the maximum size of the current flowing in the conductive material patch 1032 is from one end of the conductive material patch 1032 to the other end. The current flows along each part of the conductive material patch 1032 The length of the midline flowing through. This ensures that the signal of the first radiation arm coupled by the second radiation arm is effectively coupled to the conductive material patch. In addition, the distance between adjacent conductive material patches 1032 is less than or equal to λ/100 to ensure strong coupling between adjacent conductive material patches 1032 and to ensure that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can Pass between patches of conductive material.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the capacitive coupling amount between the second radiation arm 1031 of the second radiator 103 and the conductive material patch 1032 (ie, the capacitance value of C1 in FIG. 20 ), in the insulating dielectric layer 1033 At least one first conductive via 1035 (as shown in FIG. 21 ) is provided, and each first conductive via 1035 is connected to one conductive material patch 1032 . Due to the conduction characteristic of C1 to the signal in the first frequency band, it is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be sufficiently coupled to the conductive material patch 1032 . In addition, the first conductive via 1035 can increase the sensing area between the conductive material patches, thereby increasing the amount of capacitive coupling between the conductive material patch 1032-1 and the conductive material patch 1032-2 (ie, the The capacitance value of C2), due to the conduction characteristic of C2 to signals in the first frequency band, it is ensured that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be transmitted between the conductive material patches.

22, at least one first conductive via 1035 is located on both sides of the second radiation arm 1031 where the conductive material patch is located, and flows along the direction of the current I through the second radiation arm 1031 where the conductive material patch 1032 is located in order. And the conductive material patch 1032 is not connected to the second radiation arm 1031. Since at least one first conductive via 1035 is mainly arranged on both sides of the second radiation arm 1031 along the direction in which the current flows through the second radiation arm 1031, it is mainly The capacitive coupling amount between the second radiation arm 1031 and the conductive material patch 1035 can be increased, that is, the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 is mainly increased, ensuring that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can be fully coupled to the conductive material patch.

Among them, in order to improve the capacitive coupling between the conductive material patches 1032, as shown in FIG. 23, at least one first conductive via 1035 is located in the conductive material in the direction of flowing through the second radiation arm 1031 where the conductive material patches 1032 are located. The two ends of the patch 1032 are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the current I flowing through the second radiation arm 1031 where the conductive material patch 1032 is located. In this way, since the at least one first conductive via 1035 is mainly arranged at both ends of the conductive material patch 1032 along the direction perpendicular to the current flowing through the second radiation arm 1031, the capacitive coupling between the conductive material patches can be mainly improved. quantity. For example, in FIG. 23, the first conductive via 1035-1 connected to the conductive material patch 1032-1 is opposite to the first conductive via 1035-2 connected to the conductive material patch 1032-2, and the first conductive via added It is equivalent to increasing the facing area between the conductive material patch and the conductive material patch, which is equivalent to increasing the capacitance value of the second capacitor, ensuring that the signal coupled from the first radiation arm to the second radiation arm can pass through the conductive material. transfer between patches.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the filtering characteristics of the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 20 , at least one second conductive via 1037 (as shown in FIG. 24 ) may be provided in the insulating dielectric layer 1033 , each second conductive via One end of the via hole 1037 is connected to a conductive material patch 1032 , and the other end of the second conductive via hole 1037 is connected to the second radiation arm 1031 . This is equivalent to adding an inductance between the conductive material patch 1032 and the second radiation arm 1031 . Referring to Fig. 25, an inductance L3 is added to the equivalent circuit.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned conductive properties of the first conductive via and the second conductive via, the first conductive via and the second conductive via may be metallized vias. Furthermore, it is understood that the first conductive via or the second conductive via may be provided in each or a portion of the plurality of patches of conductive material. In addition, with reference to FIG. 11 , it should be noted that when the width W1 of a conductive material patch is less than or equal to the width W2 of the second radiation arm, only the above-mentioned second conductive via can be set for the conductive material patch. When the width W1 of a conductive material patch is greater than the width W2 of the second radiation arm, the first conductive via hole and the second conductive via hole can be set entirely or selectively for the conductive material patch.

In addition, in order to increase the flexibility of controlling the coupling current generated on the second radiator when the first radiator is working, as shown in FIG. At least two rows of conductive material patches 1032 are distributed in the direction of any second radiation arm 1031 . Taking two rows of conductive material patches 1032 as an example, the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 27 . The capacitor C1 ′ is any one of the conductive material patches 1032 - 2 and the second radiation arm 1031 in the newly added row of conductive material patches 1032 . The capacitance C2' is the capacitance between any conductive material patch 1032-2 and the adjacent conductive material patch 1032-3, and L2' is the inductance of any conductive material patch 1032-2. In addition, in the direction perpendicular to the current flowing in the second radiation arm 1031, a capacitance C3 is introduced between two adjacent columns of conductive material patches (1032-1, 1032-2).

The antenna in the embodiment of the present application may be an array antenna. For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , the antenna in the embodiment of the present application includes two antenna arrays, wherein the first antenna array includes 4 columns of antenna elements (8 elements in each column). , a total of 32 antenna elements, each antenna element is shown as an X shape in FIG. 8 ), wherein the antenna elements in the first antenna array are realized by the first radiation arm group of the above-mentioned first radiator 102 for transmitting the first a frequency range of signals. The second antenna array includes a column of antenna elements (2 in each column, 2 antenna elements in total, each antenna element is shown as 4 squares arranged together in FIG. 8 ), wherein the antenna elements in the second antenna array are composed of the above The second radiation arm group of the second radiator 103 is implemented for emitting signals in the second frequency range. In some embodiments, the second radiation arm 1031 may be linear, polygonal or circular. In some embodiments, the second radiator 103 is a single-polarized radiator (which can be considered to implement a single-polarized antenna) or a dual-polarized radiator (which can be considered to implement a dual-polarized antenna), wherein the single polarization can be Polarization in either direction, such as polarization perpendicular to the ground or horizontal to the ground; dual polarization can be a polarization perpendicular to the ground or a polarization horizontal to the ground, or a pair of intersecting polarizations. ±45° polarization, where different polarization modes of the second radiator are provided in this solution, which enriches the polarization modes of the second radiator. In addition, the use of dual polarization mode can be more conducive to reducing the size in complex environments. Polarization loss. For example, the second radiation arm group of the second radiator includes one or more second radiation arms, a single or two second radiation arms can form a single polarization, and two or four second radiation arms can also form a dual Polarization, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the second radiation arms 1031-1 and 1031-3 constitute one polarization, and the second radiation arms 1031-2 and 1031-4 constitute the other polarization; The polarization mode of the radiator 103 may be any of the following polarization modes: linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization. Exemplarily, linear polarization includes horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, elliptical polarization includes left-handed elliptical polarization and right-handed elliptical polarization, and circular polarization includes left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization. In this solution, different polarization modes of the second radiator are provided, which enriches the polarization modes of the second radiator, so that it can adapt to the intensity requirements of radiation signals in different environments.

Taking the dual-polarization method as an example, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , and FIG. 8 , the second radiator 103 forms a square-shaped antenna element. The first radiator 102 and the second radiator 103 are both polarized at ±45°. Among them, as shown in FIG. 5 , the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 are distributed along the direction in which the current flows through the second radiation arm 1031 where the plurality of conductive material patches 1032 are located, wherein the direction of the current I is shown in FIG. 5 , because Usually, the radio frequency signal is an AC signal, so the current directions on the second radiation arm 1031-1 are usually two opposite directions. As shown in FIG. 6 , the embodiment provides a structural design diagram of a second radiation arm group. The second radiating arm group is in the shape of a "field", and the two opposite "mouths" represent +45° and -45° polarizations, respectively, and are composed of a pair of orthogonal second baluns (1304-1 and 1304-2) ) feeding, for example: the second radiating arm 1031-1 is fed by the second balun 1304-1; the second radiating arm 1031-2 is fed by the second balun 1304-2. A conductive material patch 1032 is arranged on the outer frame of the "Tian" shape (ie, the radiation arm).

Referring to FIG. 28 , the present application is a schematic diagram of simulation based on half of the antenna provided in FIG. 8 (for example, including one second radiator and 16 first radiators in the upper half). Specifically, FIG. 28 is a simulation result of the normalized gain (dB) of the radar cross-section (radar cross-section, RCS) of the second radiator 103 . As shown in the figure, in the vicinity of the frequency of 3.98 GHz, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application (a conductive material patch is arranged on the radiation arm of the second radiator) is compared with the prior art solution (the radiation arm of the second radiator) No conductive material patch is provided on it) can achieve 6dB RCS optimization.

In addition, with reference to FIG. 29, a simulation legend of the antenna pattern for three cases is provided. Wherein, (a) in FIG. 29 is the antenna pattern of the ideal state when the first radiator (ie, the high-frequency antenna element) is working; (b) in FIG. 29 is the multi-frequency common aperture antenna array in the prior art ( Antenna pattern when the first radiator (ie, the high-frequency antenna element) and the second radiator (ie, the low-frequency antenna element, without the conductive material patch) coexist) when working; Figure 29(c) The first radiation of the multi-frequency co-aperture antenna array (that is, the coexistence of the first radiator (ie the high-frequency antenna element) and the second radiator (ie the low-frequency antenna element, provided with the conductive material patch)) provided by the embodiment of the present application It can be seen that (b) in Figure 29 (b) the existence of the second radiator has a greater influence on the antenna pattern of the first radiator ( Compared with (a) in Figure 29, the antenna pattern of the first radiator in (b) has a large distortion), and in (c), since the conductive material patch is set on the radiation arm of the second radiator, the The influence of the antenna pattern of the first radiator is low, and the electric field distribution and pattern of (b) are basically distorted to recover.

FIG. 30 provides the actual gain (realized gain) curves of each antenna direction (θ/°) when the first radiator (ie, the high-frequency antenna element) works when the antenna only includes the first radiator; and based on the above-mentioned FIG. 8 The structure and configuration of the antenna vibrator shown in the antenna, the multi-frequency common aperture antenna array in the prior art (the first radiator (ie the high-frequency antenna vibrator) and the second radiator (ie the low-frequency antenna vibrator) are not provided with conductive material stickers. The actual gain (realized gain) curve under each antenna direction (θ/°) when the first radiator of the film (coexistence) works; and based on the structural configuration of the antenna element shown in the antenna provided by the above-mentioned FIG. Each antenna direction of the first radiator of the multi-frequency common aperture antenna array provided by the embodiment (the first radiator (ie the high-frequency antenna element) and the second radiator (ie the low-frequency antenna element, provided with the conductive material patch) coexist) The actual gain curve at (θ/°); wherein, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is basically consistent with the actual gain curve when only the first radiator works alone, especially around 30°, the Embodiments provide a 2.5dB improvement in the actual gain of the antenna relative to the prior art.

Based on the structure and configuration of the antenna element shown in the antenna provided in FIG. 8 above, FIG. 31 provides a multi-frequency common aperture antenna array (the first radiator (ie the high-frequency antenna element) and the second radiator (ie, the high-frequency antenna element) in the prior art. The peak gain curve at each operating frequency when the first radiator of the low-frequency antenna vibrator, which is not provided with a conductive material patch) coexists; and the multi-frequency common aperture antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application (the first The peak gain curve at each operating frequency when the radiator (that is, the high-frequency antenna vibrator) and the first radiator of the second radiator (that is, the low-frequency antenna vibrator, provided with the conductive material patch) coexist; where In the vicinity of 0.90 GHz, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has an improvement of 0.06 dB in the peak gain of the antenna compared to the prior art.

Although the application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of this application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A multi-band fusion antenna assembly, characterized by comprising a ground plate, a first radiator and a second radiator;

The first radiator is used for radiating signals in a first frequency range, and the second radiator is used for radiating signals in a second frequency range;

the ground plate is used for reflecting part of the signal radiated by the first radiator and part of the signal radiated by the second radiator;

The first height of the first radiator is smaller than the second height of the second radiator, and the first height and the second height are heights in a direction perpendicular to the ground plate;

The first radiator includes a first radiating arm group and a first balun group, and the first radiating arm group is coupled to a first feeding circuit corresponding to the first radiator through the first balun group ;

The second radiator includes a second radiating arm group and a second balun group, and the second radiating arm group is coupled to a second feeding circuit corresponding to the second radiator through the second balun group ; the second radiation arm group includes at least one second radiation arm;

Each of the second radiation arms in the second radiation arm group is provided with a plurality of conductive material patches, wherein insulation is provided between the plurality of conductive material patches and each of the second radiation arms. dielectric layer.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of conductive material patches are distributed along a direction in which current flows through the second radiating arm where the plurality of conductive material patches are located.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one first conductive via hole is provided in the insulating medium layer, and each of the first conductive via hole is connected to one of the conductive vias. Material patch connection.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein,

At least one of the first conductive vias is located on both sides of the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and is in sequence along the direction of current flowing through the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located arrangement.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the first conductive vias is located in the conductive via in a direction in which current flows through the second radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located The two ends of the material patch are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the second radiation arm where the current flows through the conductive material patch.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein at least one second conductive via is provided in the insulating medium layer, and one end of each second conductive via is Connected to one of the conductive material patches, and the other end of each of the second conductive vias is connected to the second radiation arm.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein any one of the conductive material patches in the plurality of conductive patches is a sheet-like structure or a bent strip-like structure .
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein, two adjacent conductive material patches are in sheet-like structures, and two adjacent conductive material patches are in two adjacent The ends are interdigitated structures.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein on any of the second radiation arms in the second radiation arm group, a current flows through any of the second radiation arms At least two rows of the conductive material patches are distributed in the direction of the radiation arm.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the center horizontal distance and/or the center vertical distance of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group is less than or equal to λ , where λ is the center frequency wavelength of the first frequency range.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the maximum size of the path through which the current flows in each of the conductive material patches is mλ, where λ is the first frequency The center frequency wavelength of the range, m≤0.15.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on a side of each of the second radiation arms close to the ground plate, Alternatively, the plurality of conductive material patches are disposed on a side of each of the second radiation arms away from the ground plate.
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the plurality of conductive material patches are disposed on one side of each of the second radiating arms perpendicular to the direction of the ground plate .
The multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the maximum frequency of the first frequency range is higher than the maximum frequency of the second frequency range, and the first frequency range The minimum frequency of is higher than the minimum frequency of the second frequency range.
A radiator for a multi-band fusion antenna, characterized in that the radiator is arranged on a ground plate of the multi-band fusion antenna, the radiator includes a radiation arm group and a balun group, and the radiation arm a group is coupled to a feed circuit corresponding to the radiator through the balun group; the radiating arm group includes at least one radiating arm;

Each of the radiation arms in the radiation arm group is provided with a plurality of conductive material patches, wherein an insulating medium layer is provided between the plurality of conductive material patches and each of the radiation arms.
The radiator of claim 15, wherein the plurality of conductive material patches are distributed along a direction in which current flows through the radiating arm where the plurality of conductive material patches are located.
The radiator according to claim 15 or 16, wherein at least one first conductive via hole is provided in the insulating medium layer, and each of the first conductive via hole is connected to one of the conductive material patches connect.
The radiator of claim 17, wherein:

At least one of the first conductive vias is located on both sides of the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located, and is sequentially arranged along the direction of current flowing through the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located.
The radiator according to claim 17, wherein at least one of the first conductive via holes is located on two sides of the conductive material patch in a direction in which the current flows through the radiation arm where the conductive material patch is located. The terminals are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the radiation arm where the current flows through the conductive material patch.
The radiator according to any one of claims 15-19, characterized in that, at least one second conductive via hole is provided in the insulating medium layer, and one end of each second conductive via hole is connected to one of the second conductive via holes. The conductive material patch is connected, and the other end of each of the second conductive vias is connected to the radiation arm.
The radiator according to any one of claims 15-20, wherein any one of the conductive material patches in the plurality of conductive patches is a sheet-like structure or a bent strip-like structure.
The radiator according to claim 21, wherein when two adjacent conductive material patches are in a sheet-like structure, two adjacent conductive material patches are at two adjacent ends For the interdigitated structure.
The radiator according to any one of claims 15-22, characterized in that, on any of the radiation arms in the radiation arm group, there are at least two rows in the direction of current flowing through any of the radiation arms. the conductive material patch.
The radiator according to any one of claims 15-23, wherein the plurality of conductive material patches are arranged on one side of each of the radiating arms perpendicular to the direction of the ground plate.
An antenna, comprising: the multi-band fusion antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-14 and at least two sets of feed circuits, wherein a first radiator of the multi-band fusion antenna assembly is coupled to the second A first feeding circuit corresponding to a radiator; a second radiating body of the multi-band fusion antenna assembly is coupled to a second feeding circuit corresponding to the second radiating body.
An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a radio frequency circuit and an antenna according to claim 25 connected to the radio frequency circuit, wherein the radio frequency circuit is used for sending a signal processed by the radio frequency circuit through the antenna.