WO2022091440A1 - ゴム製品用rfidタグ及びゴム製品用rfidタグの製造方法 - Google Patents
ゴム製品用rfidタグ及びゴム製品用rfidタグの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022091440A1 WO2022091440A1 PCT/JP2021/005159 JP2021005159W WO2022091440A1 WO 2022091440 A1 WO2022091440 A1 WO 2022091440A1 JP 2021005159 W JP2021005159 W JP 2021005159W WO 2022091440 A1 WO2022091440 A1 WO 2022091440A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rfid tag
- coil portion
- rubber product
- secondary side
- coil
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
- G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an RFID tag for rubber products and an RFID tag for rubber products, which are compact and have excellent mass productivity and durability.
- the RFID tag used in the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system contains an antenna and an RF chip, and the carrier received from the antenna of the reader / writer is received by the antenna, and the identification data recorded on the RF chip, etc. Is sent back to the reader / writer on the reflected wave, so that it can communicate in a non-contact manner.
- an RFID tag By attaching or embedding an RFID tag in the tire of a vehicle such as an automobile, it is possible to manage the unique information of the tire and the history of tire manufacturing, distribution and maintenance. Of course, even if an RFID tag is attached or embedded in a rubber product other than a tire, it can be useful for managing the product.
- the RFID tag built-in tire of Patent Document 1 is provided with a first antenna connected to an IC chip and a second antenna electromagnetically coupled to the first antenna, and the second antenna is made conductive.
- a technique for electromagnetically coupling with a carcass ply cord is disclosed.
- the second antenna has a pair of extension portions extending in the left-right direction from the electromagnetic field coupling portion, the left and right extension portions are pulled in the left-right direction around the electromagnetic field coupling portion when the tire is deformed. , May be damaged.
- the RFID tag for a rubber product of the present invention includes a coupling transformer, an RF chip connected to the secondary side of the coupling transformer, a printed substrate on which the RF chip is mounted, and an antenna.
- a coil portion, a first element extending from one end of the coil portion, and a second element shorter than the first element and extending in parallel with the first element from the other end of the coil portion are provided.
- the number of windings of the coil portion is smaller than the number of windings on the secondary side of the coupling transformer, and the printed substrate is held in the gap between the strands of the coil portion so that the coil portion is coupled. It is characterized by constituting the primary side of the transformer. It is also characterized by being used for rubber products containing carbon black.
- the coil portion, the first element and the second element are characterized by being composed of one conducting wire. Further, it is characterized in that the axis of the coil on the secondary side of the coupling transformer and the axis of the coil portion coincide with each other. Further, when the wavelength of the radio wave at the communication frequency is ⁇ , the electric length of the portion including the first element, the second element, and the coil portion is ⁇ / 4.
- the method for manufacturing an RFID tag for a rubber product of the present invention includes a step of arranging a plurality of coils on the secondary side of a coupling transformer in the left-right direction on a printed circuit board and a plurality of the plurality of coils on the secondary side arranged in the left-right direction. It is characterized by including a step of providing openings on the front side and the rear side of the coil, and a step of making a notch between a plurality of coils on the secondary side arranged in the left-right direction. Further, a coil portion, a first element extending from one end of the coil portion, and a second element shorter than the first element and extending in parallel with the first element from the other end of the coil portion. A step of making the coil portion the primary side of the coupling transformer by inserting the coil on the secondary side into the gap between the strands of the coil portion using the opening on the front side. It is characterized by further providing.
- the coupling transformer is configured by holding the printed circuit board in the gap of the coil portion. Therefore, it is possible to increase the mass productivity of RFID tags for rubber products. Further, in the present invention, since the first element and the second element that function as antennas extend in parallel, the RFID tag is less likely to be damaged and has excellent durability, and a smaller RFID tag can be obtained as compared with the conventional half-wavelength dipole antenna. .. Further, in the present invention, the number of windings of the coil portion on the primary side is made smaller than the number of windings of the coil on the secondary side to make the input on the primary side low impedance, and the secondary side is made high by the coupling transformer.
- the efficiency of the coupling transformer can be improved by matching the axis of the coil on the secondary side of the coupling transformer with the axis of the coil portion. If the electrical length of the portion consisting of the first element, the second element, and the coil portion is set to ⁇ / 4, the length of the antenna can be shortened, and the RFID tag for rubber products can be further miniaturized.
- the coil on the secondary side can be easily inserted into the gap between the coils by using the opening on the front side, so that the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
- a printed circuit board of a predetermined size can be easily obtained by utilizing the notch between the coils on the secondary side and the front and rear openings.
- Plan view (a), bottom view (b), side view (c), deformation example (d) and deformation example (e) of the antenna A plan view (a) showing a state in which an RF chip and a coil on the secondary side are mounted on a printed circuit board, a plan view (b) showing a state in which the RF chip and a connection point are sealed, a bottom view (c), and a side view ( d) Plan view (a), bottom view (b) and side view (c) showing the state before inserting the printed circuit board into the gap of the coil part.
- Equivalent circuit diagram of RFID tags for rubber products A vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which both the front and back sides of an RFID tag for rubber products are covered with a rubber sheet. Vertical cross-sectional view showing the state where the RFID tag for rubber products is attached to the tire. Plan views (a) to (c) showing the manufacturing method of RFID tags for rubber products. Plan views (a) and (b) showing the manufacturing method of RFID tags for rubber products.
- the RFID tag 1 for rubber products includes an RF chip 10, a printed circuit board 20, an antenna 30, and a coupling transformer 40.
- the RFID tag 1 for rubber products may be simply referred to as "RFID tag 1".
- the RF chip 10 is connected to the secondary side of the coupling transformer 40 described later. Although a commercially available product can be used as the RF chip 10, it is preferable to use one having resistance to a vulcanization temperature of about 120 ° C. As shown in FIG. 2A, the RF chip 10 is mounted on the surface of the printed circuit board 20 using an adhesive such as an epoxy-based die bond material. Further, a coil 41 on the secondary side of the coupling transformer 40 is formed on the surface of the printed circuit board 20. One of the two terminals of the coil 41 on the secondary side is connected to the terminal of the RF chip 10 by wire bonding. The other terminal of the coil 41 on the secondary side reaches the back surface of the printed circuit board 20 through the through hole 21 as shown in FIGS.
- the number of turns of the coil 41 on the secondary side is about 4 (actually 3.96).
- the coil 41 on the secondary side is not limited to a flat coil formed by vapor deposition or the like, and may be a coil made of a conducting wire.
- FIG. 2 (b) it is preferable that the RF chip 10 and the connection portion are sealed with the insulating layer 27.
- FIG. 2D the surface of the printed circuit board 20, that is, the surface of the RF chip 10 and the coil 41 on the secondary side is sealed with the insulating layer 23.
- the back surface of the printed circuit board 20 is also sealed with the insulating layer 23.
- an insulating resin such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin (a resin containing an acrylic resin and a derivative as a main component), and a urethane resin can be used.
- the antenna 30 is provided to receive the carrier wave from the reader / writer and to send the reflected wave back to the reader / writer.
- the antenna 30 includes a coil portion 31, a first element 32, and a second element 33.
- a metal wire such as a copper wire, an iron wire, or a brass wire may be used.
- the coil unit 31 functions as the primary side of the coupling transformer 40.
- the number of windings of the coil portion 31 needs to be smaller than the number of windings on the secondary side.
- the number of windings of the strands constituting the coil portion 31 is 1.5, and a gap 31a is formed between the strands.
- the wires are naturally opened between the strands without applying an external force to the coil portion 31, and the opened portion may be a gap 31a, or the coil portion 31 may be used as shown in FIG. 1 (d).
- the wires When no external force is applied to the coil, the wires are almost in close contact with each other, and by applying an external force in the vertical direction (axial direction) to the coil portion 31, the wires are elastically opened, and this open portion is formed. May be a gap 31a. It is preferable that the diameter of the coil portion 31 when viewed in a plan view is the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coil 41 on the secondary side.
- the first element 32 is a member extending from one end of the coil portion 31.
- the electrical length of the first element 32 is ⁇ / 4, ⁇ / 2, (3/4) ⁇ , (5/8) ⁇ .
- the second element 33 is a member shorter than the first element 32 and extending in parallel with the first element 32 from the other end of the coil portion 31.
- the first element 32 has a wavelength of about 0.185 ⁇
- the second element 33 has a wavelength of about 0.046 ⁇
- the total extension of the first element 32, the second element 33, and the coil portion 31 is about ⁇ / 4.
- the coil portion 31, the first element 32, and the second element 33 are formed by bending one conducting wire. This facilitates the manufacture of the antenna 30 and enhances the reliability of the electrical connection between the coil portion 31, the first element 32 and the second element 33, but is not limited to this, and the ends of a plurality of conductors can be connected to each other. They may be joined to form the antenna 30. If the ends of the first element 32 and the second element 33 are folded back as shown in FIG. 1 (e), when the RFID tag 1 is attached to the rubber product, the ends of both elements 32 and 33 become the rubber product. It is possible to prevent the situation of being pierced or tearing the rubber product, and further preventing the situation where the RFID tag 1 is damaged.
- the printed circuit board 20 is held by inserting the printed circuit board 20 into the gap 31a between the wires of the coil portion 31, and the coil portion 31 constitutes the primary side of the coupling transformer 40. become. It is preferable that the axis of the coil portion 31 and the axis of the coil 41 on the secondary side are aligned with each other. Since both the front and back surfaces of the printed circuit board 20 are sealed with the insulating layer 23, the coil portion 31 and the coil 41 on the secondary side are not electrically connected. Further, the portion between the wires of the coil portion 31 in the portion where the printed circuit board 20 is not inserted is naturally insulated in order to maintain the electric coil function.
- FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram when RFID tag 1 is attached to a rubber product such as a tire.
- the radio waves received by the first element 32 and the second element 33 are transmitted to the RF chip 10 via the coupling transformer 40. Specifically, a current in the inverted phase of the radio wave flows through the first element 32 and the second element 33, a current flows through the coil portion 31 on the primary side, and an AC voltage is induced in the coil 41 on the secondary side. Will be done.
- the impedance of the RF chip 10 is about several k ⁇ to 10 k ⁇ , while the impedance between the first element 32 and the second element 33 is as small as about 100 ⁇ .
- the small impedance between the first element 32 and the second element 33 is largely influenced by the resistance component such as carbon black contained in the rubber product in addition to the impedance of the antenna 30 itself.
- Vulcanized rubber tires have a resistivity of several tens of k ⁇ ⁇ cm depending on the type. If the RFID tag 1 of the present invention is embedded in a vulcanized rubber tire and both terminals of the RF chip 10 are directly connected to the first element 32 and the second element 33, the received radio waves cannot be efficiently guided to the RF chip 10. ..
- the impedance on the primary side of the coupling transformer 40 is Z / n 2 .
- n is increased to make the input on the primary side low impedance, and the coupling transformer is used.
- the secondary side is converted to high impedance and matched with the input impedance Z of the RF chip 10.
- the impedance on the primary side for example, even when RFID tag 1 is used for a rubber product containing carbon black or the like, the influence of carbon black or the like can be suppressed.
- the area of the coupling transformer 40 there are restrictions such as the area of the coupling transformer 40, and the ratio n of the number of windings on the secondary side and the primary side is the specifications of the RF chip 10 and rubber products. It is necessary to make appropriate adjustments depending on the material of the material and the content of carbon black, etc.
- the antenna 30 of the RFID tag 1 operates in a similar manner to the monopole antenna 30 in which the second element 33 is the ground plane and the first element 32 is the antenna wire.
- the ground plane is further strengthened by electrically connecting the second element 33 to the vulcanized rubber product.
- two antenna elements having an electric length of ⁇ / 4 extend in the left-right direction from the printed circuit board on which the RF chip is mounted. In this configuration, if the rubber product is deformed and a force in the opposite direction is applied to each of the two antenna elements, the connection point between the antenna element and the printed circuit board may be damaged.
- the connection point between the base of the first element 32 or the second element 33 and the printed circuit board 20 is damaged. It also has the advantage of being difficult and can be miniaturized.
- both the front and back surfaces of the RFID tag 1 for rubber products may be covered with rubber sheets 50 and 51.
- the RFID tag 1 is placed between the first rubber sheet 50 and the second rubber sheet 51, and the first rubber sheet 50 and the second rubber sheet 51 are crimped to be covered with rubber.
- RFID tag 1 can be manufactured.
- As the material of the rubber sheets 50 and 51 general natural rubber or various synthetic rubbers can be used, and further, an adhesive material such as a butyl rubber sheet may be used.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the RFID tag 1 coated with rubber is attached to the inside of the tire 60 as an example of a rubber product.
- the position where the RFID tag 1 is attached is not particularly limited.
- the RFID tag 1 may be attached to the inside of the tire 60, or may be embedded in the rubber of the tire 60. Further, the RFID tag 1 not covered with rubber may be attached or embedded inside the tire 60.
- the second element 33 is electrically connected to the tire 60, so that the tire 60 functions as the ground of the RFID tag 1. Therefore, the RFID tag 1 of the present invention can perform high-sensitivity communication even when attached to a rubber product such as a tire 60.
- the connection between the second element 33 and the tire 60 may be a capacitive connection or a direct connection.
- a method for manufacturing the RFID tag 1 for rubber products will be described.
- a plurality of coils 41 on the secondary side of the coupling transformer 40 are arranged in the left-right direction on the printed circuit board 20 (step A).
- openings 24 and 25 are provided on the front and rear sides of the plurality of coils 41 on the secondary side (step B). It is necessary to match the distance from the front opening 24 to the rear opening 25 with the length of the RFID tag 1 in the anteroposterior direction.
- a notch 26 is made between the plurality of coils 41 on the secondary side (step C).
- Steps A to C are in no particular order, and it is necessary to connect the RF chip 10 to the coil 41 on the secondary side at an appropriate timing, and after connecting the RF chip 10 to the coil 41 on the secondary side, the surface thereof. Is preferably covered with the insulating layer 27.
- the coil 41 on the secondary side is inserted into the gap 31a between the strands of the coil portion 31 using the opening 24 on the front side.
- the coil portion 31 functions as the primary side of the coupling transformer 40.
- the first element 32 and the second element 33 are placed on the side edge portion 28 of the opening 24 on the front side, and the coil portion 31 is moved toward the coil 41 on the secondary side while sliding the surface of the side edge portion 28. Can be moved.
- the first element 32 is placed on the side edge portion 28 with the coil 41 on the secondary side inserted in the gap 31a between the strands, there is no possibility that the antenna 30 will fall off from the printed circuit board 20. If necessary, the coil portion 31 and the printed circuit board 20 may be adhered to each other.
- the printed circuit board 20 is cut at the notch 26 to complete the RFID tag 1 for rubber products.
- the present invention is a method for manufacturing an RFID tag for rubber products and an RFID tag for rubber products, which are small in size and excellent in mass productivity and durability, and have industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
RFIDタグを例えば自動車等の車両のタイヤに貼り付けたり埋め込んだりすることでタイヤの固有情報の管理や、タイヤの製造、流通及びメンテナンス等の履歴を管理することができる。当然、タイヤ以外のゴム製品にRFIDタグを取り付けたり埋め込んだりした場合にも当該製品の管理に役立てることができる。
特許文献1では第1のアンテナと第2のアンテナとを電磁界結合させており、第2のアンテナの信号源インピーダンスが高いため、カーボンブラックの影響を受けてインピーダンスや比誘電率の変化の影響を受けやすいという問題がある。
また、第2のアンテナが電磁界結合部から左右方向にのびる一対の延長部を備えているため、タイヤが変形した際に左右の延長部が電磁界結合部を中心にして左右方向に引張られ、破損するおそれがある。
このような問題はRFIDタグをタイヤ以外のゴム製品、特にカーボンブラック等のRFIDタグの通信性能に影響を及ぼす材料を含有するゴム製品に使用した場合にも生じ得る。
また、カーボンブラックを含有するゴム製品用であることを特徴とする。
また、前記プリント基板の表裏両面に絶縁層を備えることを特徴とする。
また、前記コイル部、前記第1エレメント及び前記第2エレメントが一本の導線から成ることを特徴とする。
また、前記結合トランスの2次側のコイルの軸心と、前記コイル部の軸心とが一致していることを特徴とする。
また、通信周波数における電波の波長をλとしたとき、前記第1エレメントと前記第2エレメントと前記コイル部とからなる部分の電気長がλ/4であることを特徴とする。
また、コイル部と、前記コイル部の一方の端部からのびる第1エレメントと、前記コイル部の他方の端部から前記第1エレメントよりも短く且つ前記第1エレメントと平行にのびる第2エレメントとを備えるアンテナを用いて、前記前側の開口を利用して前記コイル部の素線間の隙間に前記2次側のコイルを挿入することで前記コイル部を前記結合トランスの1次側とするステップを更に備えることを特徴とする。
また、本発明ではアンテナとして機能する第1エレメントと第2エレメントが平行にのびるのでRFIDタグが破損し難くなり耐久性に優れると共に従来の半波長ダイポールアンテナと比較して小型のRFIDタグを得られる。
また、本発明では1次側となるコイル部の巻き線数を2次側のコイルの巻き線数よりも少なくすることで1次側の入力を低インピーダンスにし、結合トランスで2次側を高インピーダンスに変換してRFチップの入力インピーダンスと整合させる。1次側のインピーダンスを低くすることで、例えばRFIDタグをカーボンブラック等を含んだゴム製品に使用した場合でもカーボンブラック等による影響を抑えることができる。
プリント基板の表裏両面に絶縁層を設けることでコイル部と2次側のコイルとが電気的に接続される事態を防止できる。
コイル部、第1エレメント及び第2エレメントを一本の導線を屈曲させて成ることにすればアンテナの製造が容易になり、且つコイル部、第1エレメント及び第2エレメント相互の電気的接続の信頼性が高まる。
結合トランスの2次側のコイルの軸心とコイル部の軸心とを一致させることで結合トランスの効率を高めることができる。
第1エレメントと第2エレメントとコイル部とからなる部分の電気長をλ/4にすればアンテナの長さが最短になり、ゴム製品用RFIDタグを更に小型化できる。
また、2次側のコイル間の切り込みと前後の開口を利用して所定サイズのプリント基板を容易に得ることができる。
図1~図4に示すようにゴム製品用RFIDタグ1はRFチップ10、プリント基板20、アンテナ30及び結合トランス40を備える。なお、以下の説明においてゴム製品用RFIDタグ1を単に「RFIDタグ1」と表記する場合がある。
図2(a)に示すようにプリント基板20の表面にエポキシ系ダイボンド材等の接着剤を用いてRFチップ10が搭載される。
更にプリント基板20の表面に結合トランス40の2次側のコイル41が形成されている。2次側のコイル41の2つの端子のうち一方の端子はRFチップ10の端子にワイヤーボンディングにより接続されている。2次側のコイル41の他方の端子は図2(a)及び(c)に示すようにスルーホール21を介してプリント基板20の裏面に至り、更にスルーホール22を介してプリント基板20の表面に至り、RFチップ10の端子にワイヤーボンディングにより接続されている。本実施の形態では2次側のコイル41の巻き数は約4(実際には3.96)である。2次側のコイル41は蒸着等で形成される平面状のコイルに限られず、導線によるコイルでもよい。図2(b)に示すようにRFチップ10及び接続箇所は絶縁層27で封止しておくのが好ましい。
図2(d)に示すようにプリント基板20の表面、すなわちRFチップ10と2次側のコイル41の表面は絶縁層23で封止される。また、プリント基板20の裏面も絶縁層23で封止される。絶縁層23としてはエポキシ樹脂、アクリル系樹脂(アクリル樹脂及び誘導体を主成分とした樹脂)、ウレタン樹脂等の絶縁性樹脂を使用することができる。
アンテナ30はコイル部31、第1エレメント32及び第2エレメント33を備えている。アンテナ30の素線の素材としては銅線、鉄線、真鍮線等の金属線を使用すればよい。
第2エレメント33はコイル部31の他方の端部から第1エレメント32よりも短く且つ第1エレメント32と平行にのびる部材である。
一例として、第1エレメント32を波長の約0.185λとし、第2エレメント33を波長の約0.046λ長とし、第1エレメント32、第2エレメント33及びコイル部31の総延長を約λ/4にすることにより、アンテナ30を概ね最短にすることができる。
図1(e)に示すように第1エレメント32及び第2エレメント33の端部を折り返すことにすればRFIDタグ1をゴム製品に取り付けた場合、両エレメント32,33の端部がゴム製品に突き刺さったり、ゴム製品を切り裂いたりする事態を防止でき、更にRFIDタグ1が破損する事態を防止できる。
ここで、RFチップ10のインピーダンスが数kΩから10kΩ程度であるのに対して、第1エレメント32と第2エレメント33の間のインピーダンスは100Ω程度と小さい。第1エレメント32と第2エレメント33の間のインピーダンスが小さいのは、アンテナ30自体のインピーダンスに加えて、ゴム製品に含まれるカーボンブラック等の抵抗成分による影響が大きい。加硫ゴムタイヤは種類によっては数10kΩ・cm程度の抵抗率がある。仮に本発明のRFIDタグ1を加硫ゴムタイヤに埋め込み、RFチップ10の両端子を直接第1エレメント32と第2エレメント33に接続した場合、受信した電波を効率よくRFチップ10に導くことができない。
ただし、2次側の巻き線数N2を大きくするには結合トランス40の面積などの制約があり、2次側と1次側との巻き線数の比nはRFチップ10の仕様、ゴム製品の材質やカーボンブラック等の含有量等によって適宜調整する必要がある。
また、従来のダイポールアンテナ形式のRFIDタグではRFチップを搭載したプリント基板から左右方向に電気長λ/4の2本のアンテナエレメントがのびている。この構成ではゴム製品が変形し、2本のアンテナエレメントにそれぞれ逆方向の力が加わった場合、アンテナエレメントとプリント基板との接続箇所が破損するおそれがある。これに対して本発明のRFIDタグ1では第1エレメント32と第2エレメント33が同一方向に平行にのびるので第1エレメント32又は第2エレメント33の基部とプリント基板20との接続箇所が破損しにくいという利点や小型化できるという利点もある。
ゴムシート50,51の素材としては一般的な天然ゴムや各種合成ゴムを使用でき、更にブチルゴムシート等の粘着性を有する素材を使用してもよい。RFIDタグ1をゴムシート50,51で被覆することでゴム製品が変形した場合でもRFIDタグ1を構成する各部品が破損したり、部品相互の位置関係がずれたりする事態を防止でき、また、RFIDタグ1に防水性や防塵性を与えることができる。
RFIDタグ1をタイヤ60に取り付けることによって、第2エレメント33がタイヤ60と電気的に接続され、その結果、タイヤ60がRFIDタグ1のグランドとして機能する。したがって、本発明のRFIDタグ1はタイヤ60等のゴム製品に取り付けた場合も高感度に通信を行うことができる。第2エレメント33とタイヤ60との接続は容量接続であってもよいし直接接続であってもよい。
図8(a)に示すようにまずプリント基板20上に結合トランス40の2次側のコイル41を左右方向に複数個配置する(ステップA)。
次に図8(b)に示すように複数個の2次側のコイル41の前側と後側に開口24,25を設ける(ステップB)。前側の開口24から後側の開口25までの距離をRFIDタグ1の前後方向の長さと一致させる必要がある。
次に図8(c)に示すように複数個の2次側のコイル41の間に切り込み26を入れる(ステップC)。切り込み26を入れる間隔はRFIDタグ1の左右方向の長さと一致させる必要がある。
ステップA~Cは順序不同であり、また、適当なタイミングで2次側のコイル41にRFチップ10を接続する必要があり、RFチップ10を2次側のコイル41に接続した後はその表面を絶縁層27で覆うのが好ましい。
最後に図9(b)に示すように切り込み26でプリント基板20を切断することでゴム製品用RFIDタグ1が完成する。
10 RFチップ
20 プリント基板
21 スルーホール
22 スルーホール
23 絶縁層
24 前側の開口
25 後側の開口
26 切り込み
27 絶縁層
28 側縁部
30 アンテナ
31 コイル部
31a 隙間
32 第1エレメント
33 第2エレメント
40 結合トランス
41 2次側のコイル
50 第1のゴムシート
51第2のゴムシート
60 タイヤ
Claims (8)
- 結合トランスと、前記結合トランスの2次側に接続されたRFチップと、前記RFチップが搭載されたプリント基板と、アンテナとを備えており、
前記アンテナはコイル部と、前記コイル部の一方の端部からのびる第1エレメントと、前記コイル部の他方の端部から前記第1エレメントよりも短く且つ前記第1エレメントと平行にのびる第2エレメントとを備えており、
前記コイル部の巻き線数が前記結合トランスの2次側の巻き線数よりも少なく、
前記コイル部の素線間の隙間で前記プリント基板を保持することで前記コイル部が前記結合トランスの1次側を構成することを特徴とするゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- カーボンブラックを含有するゴム製品用であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- 前記プリント基板の表裏両面に絶縁層を備えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- 前記コイル部、前記第1エレメント及び前記第2エレメントが一本の導線から成ることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- 前記結合トランスの2次側のコイルの軸心と、前記コイル部の軸心とが一致していることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- 通信周波数における電波の波長をλとしたとき、前記第1エレメントと前記第2エレメントと前記コイル部とからなる部分の電気長がλ/4であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグ。
- プリント基板上に結合トランスの2次側のコイルを左右方向に複数個配置するステップと、
左右方向に配置された複数個の前記2次側のコイルの前側と後側に開口を設けるステップと、
左右方向に配置された複数個の前記2次側のコイルの間に切り込みを入れるステップとを備えることを特徴とするゴム製品用RFIDタグの製造方法。
- コイル部と、前記コイル部の一方の端部からのびる第1エレメントと、前記コイル部の他方の端部から前記第1エレメントよりも短く且つ前記第1エレメントと平行にのびる第2エレメントとを備えるアンテナを用いて、前記前側の開口を利用して前記コイル部の素線間の隙間に前記2次側のコイルを挿入することで前記コイル部を前記結合トランスの1次側とするステップを更に備えることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のゴム製品用RFIDタグの製造方法。
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