WO2022091255A1 - 音響システム - Google Patents

音響システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022091255A1
WO2022091255A1 PCT/JP2020/040453 JP2020040453W WO2022091255A1 WO 2022091255 A1 WO2022091255 A1 WO 2022091255A1 JP 2020040453 W JP2020040453 W JP 2020040453W WO 2022091255 A1 WO2022091255 A1 WO 2022091255A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
speaker unit
speaker
acoustic
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/040453
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝宏 福井
和則 小林
記良 鎌土
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTT Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to US18/031,135 priority Critical patent/US12327541B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2020/040453 priority patent/WO2022091255A1/ja
Priority to JP2022558674A priority patent/JP7605221B2/ja
Publication of WO2022091255A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022091255A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US19/200,329 priority patent/US20250266029A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17825—Error signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1281—Aircraft, e.g. spacecraft, airplane or helicopter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3026—Feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3027—Feedforward
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3044—Phase shift, e.g. complex envelope processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3046—Multiple acoustic inputs, multiple acoustic outputs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3219—Geometry of the configuration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3221—Headrests, seats or the like, for personal ANC systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/509—Hybrid, i.e. combining different technologies, e.g. passive and active

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for reducing noise in vehicles such as aircraft and automobiles.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Conventionally, users have used earphones or headphones having a noise canceling function when they are concerned about noise when watching movies / music on an aircraft (see Non-Patent Document 1).
  • wearing earphones and headphones can be a hassle for users.
  • some users do not like to wear it because their hairstyle is disturbed.
  • wearing earphones or headphones for a long time may make the user feel tired.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing the noise heard when seated in a vehicle seat without using earphones or headphones.
  • M is an integer of 1 or more
  • a control signal for eliminating noise from a noise signal (hereinafter referred to as a noise signal) near the head of a user who uses a seat.
  • a muffling speaker system that includes M speaker units (hereinafter referred to as muffling speaker units) that emit sound based on the control signal, which is installed near the head of the user who uses the seat.
  • Radiation that contains at least a sound absorbing material that easily absorbs only sound with a frequency higher than a predetermined value, and is configured to make it difficult for sound with a frequency higher than a predetermined value emitted from the muffling speaker unit to be radiated to other than the user's ear. It has a suppressor and a suppressor.
  • the M muffling speaker units are defined as the first muffling speaker unit, ...,
  • the sound emitted from the m mute speaker unit toward the m mute user is emitted from the m mute speaker unit in the direction opposite to the m mute user direction. It is arranged so that the sound is muted at a place other than the place near the head of the user who uses the seat due to the wraparound of the sound.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an active noise control system.
  • the active noise control system is a controller and control that generates a control signal for eliminating noise from a microphone that collects noise (hereinafter referred to as a reference microphone) and a signal output from the reference microphone (hereinafter referred to as a noise signal). Includes a muffling speaker for emitting signal-based sound.
  • the active noise control system further includes a microphone (hereinafter referred to as an error microphone) that collects the sound that cannot be completely erased, and feeds back a signal output from the error microphone (hereinafter referred to as an error signal) to the controller.
  • the controller may also use an error signal to generate a control signal.
  • the noise signal includes the sound signal from the muffling speaker, and there is a problem that the noise reduction performance is deteriorated.
  • a speaker unit is used instead of a speaker in order to emit a sound based on a control signal (see FIG. 2).
  • a speaker is composed of a speaker unit and a speaker box.
  • the speaker unit is a component including a diaphragm that converts an acoustic signal, which is an electric signal, into vibration of air (that is, generates a sound wave).
  • the speaker box is a component that houses the speaker unit.
  • the diaphragm of the speaker unit vibrates, and sound waves are radiated in both directions where the diaphragm vibrates.
  • the sound wave radiated to the outside of the speaker box (that is, toward the front of the speaker unit)
  • the sound wave radiated to the inside of the speaker box (that is, toward the back of the speaker unit)
  • a negative sound wave is a sound wave whose phase is opposite to that of a positive sound wave.
  • negative sound waves are also radiated because there is no speaker box.
  • the positive sound wave and the negative sound wave are in opposite phase to each other, the positive sound wave and the negative sound wave cancel each other out, but in the vicinity of the speaker unit, the negative sound wave does not wrap around in time. Positive sound waves remain. If the remaining positive sound waves and the noise are in an opposite phase relationship, the positive sound waves cancel each other out with the noise, so that a noise reduction effect can be obtained in the vicinity of the speaker unit.
  • the speaker unit is installed near the user's ear without using the speaker box, it is possible to reduce noise in the cabin. Further, since the range in which positive sound waves remain is limited to a relatively narrow range such as the vicinity of the speaker unit, wraparound to the reference microphone can be suppressed, and deterioration of noise reduction performance can also be suppressed.
  • the form in which only the speaker unit is installed does not use a speaker box, so there is an advantage that the installation space can be minimized. Further, in addition to the merit, the form in which only the speaker unit is installed has the merit that low-frequency sound is produced as compared with the form in which the speaker unit is installed in combination. The reason will be described below. Generally, when the speaker unit is housed in the speaker box, negative sound waves do not go out of the speaker box, but when the speaker unit is housed in the speaker box, it is confined in the speaker box and has no place to go. The air vibration of the sound wave suppresses the cone of the speaker unit and interferes with the next vibration of the cone. As a result, even if the speaker unit is housed in the speaker box, there is no low-frequency sound.
  • a system that reproduces an acoustic signal is called an acoustic system.
  • the acoustic system includes a speaker system for emitting an acoustic signal as a sound (hereinafter, this sound is referred to as a sound based on the acoustic signal).
  • the speaker system is a device that converts an acoustic signal, which is an analog signal, into sound.
  • the acoustic signal to be reproduced by the acoustic system is, for example, an acoustic signal obtained from data recorded on a CD, DVD, or record, data received by the Internet, or a signal received by radio broadcasting or television broadcasting. Is.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an acoustic system installed in an aircraft seat. The acoustic system of FIG. 3 is arranged so that the speaker system is close to the head of the seated user.
  • such a sound system can be installed on vehicles other than aircraft such as automobiles and trains, chairs used in residential and commercial facilities, and can be installed in a wearable form such as on the shoulder. can.
  • a driver unit pair in which two driver units are arranged, which corresponds to the speaker unit pair, may be installed in each of the left and right units of the headphones and earphones.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 500.
  • the acoustic system 500 includes a control system 510 and a muffling speaker system 520.
  • the control system 510 includes K reference microphones 511 (where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1), L error microphones 512 (where L is an integer greater than or equal to 0), and a control signal generator 514.
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • L error microphones 512 where L is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • the reference microphone and the error microphone are, as described in ⁇ Technical Background>, a microphone that collects noise and a microphone that collects sound that cannot be completely eliminated.
  • the error microphone is used for updating the filter, and is practically used in many cases.
  • the direction in which the muffling speaker unit 5221 faces the user is defined as the muffling user direction, and in the muffling speaker unit 5221, the sound emitted from the muffling speaker unit 5221 toward the muffling user is in the direction opposite to the muffling user direction. It is arranged so that the sound is muted at a place other than the place near the head of the user who uses the seat due to the wraparound of the sound emitted to the speaker.
  • the muffling user direction is the front direction of the muffling speaker unit 5221.
  • the direction opposite to the muffling user direction is the back direction of the muffling speaker unit 5221.
  • the control system 510 generates and outputs a control signal for eliminating the noise from a signal obtained from the noise at a place near the head of the user who uses the seat of the aircraft (hereinafter referred to as a noise signal). More specifically, the reference microphone 511 collects noise at a location near the head of a user who uses an aircraft seat, and outputs a noise signal obtained by converting the noise into an electric signal. The error microphone 512 picks up the unerasable sound at a location very close to the user's head, and outputs an error signal obtained by converting the unerasable sound into an electric signal.
  • the control signal generation device 514 receives a noise signal and an error signal as inputs, generates a control signal from the noise signal using the error signal, and outputs the control signal.
  • the control signal may be a signal having substantially the same amplitude as the noise signal and having an opposite phase.
  • the mute speaker system 520 takes the control signal output by the control system 510 as an input and emits a sound based on the control signal. More specifically, the muffling speaker unit 5221 takes a control signal as an input and emits a sound based on the control signal.
  • an acoustic system including two or more muffling speaker units will be described so that the muffling speaker units can be installed at positions close to each of the user's ears.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 501.
  • the acoustic system 501 includes a control system 510 and a muffling speaker system 520, similarly to the acoustic system 500.
  • the sound system 501 differs from the sound system 500 in that the sound deadening speaker system 520 includes M sound deadening speaker units 5221 (where M is an integer of 2 or more). The same control signal is input to the M muffling speaker units 5221.
  • the M muffling speaker units are referred to as the first muffling speaker unit, ..., and the M muffling speaker unit.
  • the sound emitted from the unit in the direction of the m mute user is emitted from the m mute speaker unit in the direction opposite to the direction of the m mute user. Place it so that it is muted at the location.
  • the m-th mute user direction is the front direction of the m-th mute speaker unit 5221.
  • the direction opposite to the m mute user direction is the back direction of the m mute speaker unit 5221.
  • the range in which noise is reduced is widened by increasing the number of muffling speaker units.
  • an acoustic system having a structure in which the range in which noise is reduced by one muffling speaker unit is widened will be described.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 502.
  • the acoustic system 502 includes a control system 510 and a muffling speaker system 520, similar to the acoustic system 501.
  • the sound path emitted from the m mute speaker unit 5221 in the direction opposite to the m mute user direction wraps around in the m mute user direction so that the path of the sound becomes long.
  • 5222 is attached (see FIG. 8).
  • the member 5222 may be, for example, a member such as a partition plate that prevents sound from wrapping around from the back surface of the speaker unit. This member 5222 is attached in order to prevent interference of sound waves and widen the range in which noise is reduced.
  • the m-muffling speaker unit 5221 to which the member 5222 is attached has a wider range of noise reduction than the m-muffling speaker unit 5221 of the second embodiment.
  • an acoustic system for reducing noise around a user who uses an aircraft seat has been described.
  • These noise reduction acoustic systems can be combined with an acoustic system (reproduction acoustic system) that reproduces sound based on an acoustic signal obtained from a reproduction object only to a user in the vicinity of the speaker system.
  • the reproduction target is, for example, sound recorded by a predetermined process, such as data recorded on a CD, DVD, or record, data received by the Internet, or a signal received by radio broadcasting or television broadcasting. It is the data or signal from which a signal can be obtained.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of an acoustic system that combines a noise reduction acoustic system and a reproduction acoustic system.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of an acoustic system installed in an aircraft seat.
  • the speaker system of the reproduction sound system of FIG. 9 is installed in the seat so as to sandwich the head of the seated user, and the speaker unit pair is arranged so as to be close to the left and right ears.
  • the muffling speaker system of the noise reduction sound system is installed in the seat so as to be behind the head of the seated user.
  • the acoustic system can be installed on vehicles other than aircraft such as automobiles and trains, reclining chairs, and the like, and can also be installed in a wearable form such as on the shoulder.
  • a driver unit pair in which two driver units are arranged side by side, which corresponds to the speaker unit pair, is installed in each unit on the left and right of the headphones and earphones. May be good. Headphones are generally classified into two types, open type (open air type) and closed type (closed type), but if the above technology is applied to the open type, which is particularly concerned about sound leakage, sound leakage will be reduced. There is expected.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 1000.
  • the acoustic system 1000 includes a noise reduction acoustic system and a reproduction acoustic system.
  • the noise reduction acoustic system may be an acoustic system 500, an acoustic system 501, an acoustic system 502, and an acoustic system 530 described later.
  • the reproduction acoustic system may be an acoustic system 100, an acoustic system 102, an acoustic system 104, an acoustic system 106, an acoustic system 108, an acoustic system 200, and an acoustic system 300, which will be described later.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 100.
  • the acoustic system 100 includes a reproduction device 110 and a speaker system 120.
  • the reproduction device 110 includes N reproduction units 112 (where N is an integer of 1 or more) (that is, the first reproduction unit 112, ..., The Nth reproduction unit 112).
  • the speaker system 120 includes N speaker unit pairs 122 (that is, first speaker unit pair 122, ..., Nth speaker unit pair 122).
  • the speaker unit pair 122 includes two speaker units (that is, a positive speaker unit 1221 and a negative speaker unit 1221).
  • An acoustic signal having a phase opposite to that of the acoustic signal input to the positive speaker unit 1221 is input to the negative speaker unit 1221.
  • the speaker system 120 is installed near the head of the user who uses the seat.
  • the 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 are the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction and the sound emitted from the negative speaker unit 1221 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction. Is arranged so as to be transmitted in the direction of the nth user by wraparound.
  • the nth user direction is the front direction of the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122.
  • the direction opposite to the nth user direction is the back direction of the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122.
  • the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122 are the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221.
  • the sounds emitted from the speakers are arranged so that they are erased from each other so that they cannot be heard by users who use other seats.
  • a second n acoustic signal which is a signal, is generated, and a second n-1 acoustic signal and a second n acoustic signal are output.
  • the second n-1 acoustic signal and the second n acoustic signal are input to the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122, respectively.
  • the sounds are out of phase with each other.
  • the resulting sounds are out of phase with each other.
  • Sound system 102 >> The sound system 100 has a narrow range in which the emitted sound can be heard, that is, a so-called sweet spot.
  • a so-called sweet spot a so-called sweet spot.
  • an acoustic system having a structure for widening the sweet spot will be described.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 102.
  • the acoustic system 102 includes a reproduction device 110 and a speaker system 120, similarly to the acoustic system 100.
  • the acoustic system 102 differs from the acoustic system 100 in that the member 1222 is attached to the speaker unit pair 122.
  • n 1, ..., N
  • the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction wraps around in the user direction.
  • a member 1222 is attached to lengthen the path of (see FIG. 13).
  • the member 1222 may be, for example, a member such as a partition plate that prevents sound from wrapping around from the back surface of the speaker unit. This member 1222 does not prevent the sound from wrapping around, but makes the phase difference between the sound wrapping around from the back and the sound from the front large, that is, to lengthen the path of the sound wrapping around. It is attached to.
  • the nth speaker unit pair 122 to which the member 1222 is attached has a wider sweet spot than the nth speaker unit pair 122 of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 104.
  • the acoustic system 104 includes a reproduction device 110 and a speaker system 120, like the acoustic system 100.
  • the acoustic system 104 differs from the acoustic system 100 in that a tweeter 1223 is attached to each of the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the speaker unit pair 122.
  • the tweeter is a speaker unit for reproducing a high-frequency signal. It is assumed that the tweeter 1223 is attached to the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 in such a form that the sound from the back does not leak as if it is housed in the speaker box.
  • Sound is emitted from the tweeter 1223 attached to the speaker unit 1221 and the positive speaker unit 1221, and the sound based on the second n acoustic signal is emitted from the tweeter 1223 attached to the negative speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 200.
  • the acoustic system 200 includes a reproduction device 110, a band division device 210, and a speaker system 120.
  • the band dividing device 210 includes N band dividing units 212 (that is, the first band dividing unit 212, ..., The Nth band dividing unit 212).
  • the acoustic system 200 differs from the acoustic system 104 in that it includes a band divider 210.
  • the band dividing device 210 inputs the first acoustic signal, the second acoustic signal, ..., The second N acoustic signal output by the reproduction device 110, and is a high frequency signal of the first acoustic signal, which is a low frequency signal and a low frequency signal.
  • the first low-frequency signal which is a regional signal
  • the second high-frequency signal which is a high-frequency signal of the second acoustic signal
  • the second low-frequency signal which is a low-frequency signal
  • ... the high-frequency signal of the second N acoustic signal. It outputs the 2N high frequency signal which is a signal and the 2N low frequency signal which is a low frequency signal.
  • the nth band dividing unit 212 receives the 2n-1 acoustic signal and the 2n acoustic signal as inputs, and is a high frequency signal of the 2n-1 acoustic signal.
  • a 2n-1 high frequency signal and a 2n-1 low frequency signal which is a low frequency signal are generated, and a 2n high frequency signal and a low frequency signal which are high frequency signals of the 2n acoustic signal are generated. It generates a 2n low frequency signal and outputs a 2n-1 high frequency signal, a 2n-1 low frequency signal, a 2n high frequency signal, and a 2n low frequency signal.
  • the speaker system 120 outputs a first high frequency signal, a first low frequency signal, a second high frequency signal, a second low frequency signal, ..., A second N high frequency signal, and a second N low frequency signal output by the band dividing device 210.
  • a sound based on the first high frequency signal, a sound based on the first low frequency signal, a sound based on the second high frequency signal, a sound based on the second low frequency signal, ..., a sound based on the second N high frequency signal Emits a sound based on the 2N low frequency signal.
  • the sound based on the 2n-1 low frequency signal and the sound based on the 2n-1 high frequency signal are emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 and the tweeter 1223 attached to the positive speaker unit 1221, respectively, and the second n
  • the sound based on the low frequency signal and the sound based on the 2n high frequency signal are emitted from the negative speaker unit 1221 and the tweeter 1223 attached to the negative speaker unit 1221, respectively.
  • Sound system 300 a speaker unit to which the tweeter 1223 is attached is used for the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221.
  • a speaker unit pair including two speaker units and one tweeter instead of using a speaker unit pair including two speaker units to which a tweeter is attached will be described.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 300.
  • the acoustic system 300 includes a reproduction device 110, a band division device 310, and a speaker system 320.
  • the band dividing device 310 includes N band dividing units 312 (that is, a first band dividing unit 312, ..., an Nth band dividing unit 312).
  • the speaker system 320 includes N speaker unit pairs 322 (that is, first speaker unit pair 322, ..., Nth speaker unit pair 322).
  • the speaker unit pair 322 includes two speaker units (that is, a positive speaker unit 1221 and a negative speaker unit 1221) and a tweeter 3221.
  • the acoustic system 300 differs from the acoustic system 200 in that it includes the band divider 310 and the speaker system 320 instead of the band divider 210 and the speaker system 120.
  • the tweeter 3221 is preferably stored in a speaker box so that sound from the back does not leak. Further, the speaker system 320 is installed at a position close to the head of the user who uses the seat.
  • the 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 are the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction and the sound emitted from the negative speaker unit 1221 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction. Is arranged so as to be transmitted in the direction of the nth user by wraparound.
  • the n-th user direction is the front direction of the positive speaker unit 1221, the negative speaker unit 1221, and the tweeter 3221 of the n-th speaker unit pair 322.
  • the direction opposite to the nth user direction is the rearward direction of the positive speaker unit 1221, the negative speaker unit 1221, and the tweeter 3221 of the nth speaker unit pair 322.
  • the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 322 are the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221.
  • the sounds emitted from the speakers are arranged so that they are erased from each other so that they cannot be heard by users who use other seats.
  • the band dividing device 310 inputs the first acoustic signal, the second acoustic signal, ..., The second N acoustic signal output by the reproduction device 110, and is a high frequency signal of the first acoustic signal, which is a low frequency signal and a low frequency signal.
  • the first low-frequency signal which is a signal in the region
  • the second low-frequency signal which is the low-frequency signal of the second acoustic signal
  • the second N-1 high-frequency signal which is the high-frequency signal of the second N-1 acoustic signal.
  • the speaker system 320 includes a first high frequency signal, a first low frequency signal, a second low frequency signal, ..., A second N-1 high frequency signal, a second N-1 low frequency signal, and a second N, which are output by the band dividing device 310.
  • the low frequency signal as the input, the sound based on the 1st high frequency signal, the sound based on the 1st low frequency signal, the sound based on the 2nd low frequency signal, ..., the sound based on the 2nd N-1 high frequency signal, the 2nd N- 1 Emits a sound based on a low-frequency signal and a sound based on a 2N low-frequency signal.
  • the nth speaker unit pair 322 receives a second n-1 high frequency signal, a second n-1 low frequency signal, and a second n low frequency signal as inputs, and is a second n. -1
  • the sound based on the high frequency signal is emitted from the tweeter 3221
  • the sound based on the 2n-1 low frequency signal is emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221
  • the sound based on the 2n low frequency signal is emitted from the negative speaker unit. Sound is emitted from 1221.
  • the sound system 104 is a system in which high-frequency sound is less likely to leak by using the speaker unit 1221 attached to the tweeter 1223.
  • an acoustic system in which high-frequency sound is less likely to leak using a member having sound absorption characteristics will be described.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 106.
  • the acoustic system 106 includes a reproduction device 110 and a speaker system 120, similar to the acoustic system 104.
  • the acoustic system 106 is different from the acoustic system 104 in that the speaker unit 1221 to which the tweeter 1223 is not attached is used instead of the speaker unit 1221 to which the tweeter 1223 is attached, and the member 1224 is attached to the speaker unit pair 122. different.
  • n 1, ..., N
  • a member 1224 for absorbing the sound emitted from the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122 in the direction opposite to the nth user direction is attached to the nth speaker unit pair 122. (See FIG. 18).
  • the member 1224 may be any member as long as it can prevent high-frequency sounds from being radiated from the back surface. Instead of installing the member 1224 only on the back surface of the speaker unit pair 122, the member 1224 may be installed so as to surround other than the front surface of the speaker unit pair 122.
  • the acoustic system 106 is a system in which high-frequency sound is less likely to leak by using the speaker unit 1221 to which the member 1224 is attached.
  • the acoustic system 106 instead of using a speaker unit pair to which a sound absorbing material is attached, by storing each of the speaker units of the speaker unit pair in a speaker box having a hole, an acoustic system in which high-frequency sound is less likely to leak will be described. ..
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 108.
  • the acoustic system 108 includes a reproduction device 110 and a speaker system 120, similar to the acoustic system 106.
  • the acoustic system 108 differs from the acoustic system 106 in that it includes a speaker unit pair 122 including a speaker unit 1221 housed in a speaker box 1225 instead of the speaker unit pair 122 to which the member 1224 is attached.
  • n 1, ..., N
  • the positive speaker unit 1221 and the negative speaker unit 1221 of the nth speaker unit pair 122 are housed in the speaker box 1225, respectively.
  • the speaker box 1225 has a large number of holes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention it is possible to reduce the noise heard when seated in an aircraft seat. At the same time, it is possible to reproduce sound that can be heard only in a very limited and narrow range near the speaker system.
  • the noise reduction acoustic system is an acoustic system for reducing the noise around the user who uses the seat, and the noise cancellation by the canceling sound that cancels the noise coming to the seat is near the user who uses the seat. It is an acoustic system that emits a canceling sound so as to affect only a predetermined range of.
  • the acoustic system uses physical ingenuity to make the high-frequency cancel sound arrive only in the area from the muffling speaker unit to the ear (toward the user), and to other than the muffling speaker unit to the ear. As for the direction of, the high-frequency canceling sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing material.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the acoustic system 530.
  • the acoustic system 530 like the acoustic system 501, includes a control system 510 and M muffling speaker systems 520.
  • the acoustic system 530 is different from the acoustic system 501 in that the radiation suppression unit is attached to the M sound deadening speaker units.
  • the radiation suppression unit includes at least a sound absorbing material 5250, and in the present embodiment, includes members 5230 and 5240 (see FIGS. 20 and 21).
  • the sound absorbing material 5250 is made of a material, a shape, and a structure that easily absorbs only sound having a frequency equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
  • the radiation suppressing unit is configured so that the sound (cancelled sound) having a frequency equal to or higher than a predetermined value emitted from the muffling speaker unit is less likely to be radiated to other than the user's ear.
  • the sound emitted from the muffling speaker unit 5221 in the muffling user direction is emitted from the muffling speaker unit 5221 in the direction opposite to the muffling user direction.
  • the sound absorbing material 5250 absorbs the sound having a frequency that does not cause wraparound (high frequency sound). Therefore, the sound absorbing material 5250 only needs to be able to absorb high-frequency sounds that are easy to go straight, and the predetermined value may be set so that the sound having a frequency higher than the predetermined value does not wrap around.
  • the member 5230 and the member 5240 sandwich M muffling speaker units 5221 from the front and the back, respectively. Further, the member 5230 and the member 5240 sandwich the sound absorbing material 5250 on the edge of the surface on which the M sound deadening speaker units 5221 are sandwiched. In other words, on the side surface of the space sandwiched between the member 5230 and the member 5240, the member 5230 and the member 5240 sandwich the sound absorbing material 5250.
  • the member 5230 and the member 5240 may be members such as the partition plate of the third embodiment.
  • the member 5230 that sandwiches the M muffling speaker units 5221 from the front is provided with holes so that sound can escape, and the member 5240 that sandwiches the M muffling speaker units 5221 from the back is provided with holes so that sound does not come out.
  • the sound absorbing material 5250 is a member that has a higher sound absorbing effect at higher frequencies and does not absorb sound at lower frequencies.
  • the high-frequency cancel sound with high straightness is radiated only to the ear through the hole of the member 5230. Since the sound absorbing material 5250 and the member 5240 prevent the diffusion of the high frequency canceling sound, the high frequency canceling sound is not radiated to the side surface and the back surface of the M sound deadening speaker units 5221. On the other hand, since the cancel sound in the low frequency range has high diffusivity, it wraps around to the back surface even if there is no hole in the member 5230. The low-frequency canceling sound passes through the sound absorbing material 5250 with or without a hole in the member 5230, wraps around to the back surface, and cancels each other out at a place other than the vicinity.
  • control system 510 The operation of the control system 510 and the muffling speaker system 520 is the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the M muffling speaker units 5221 are covered with one radiation suppressing unit, but it is not always necessary to cover them with one radiation suppressing unit.
  • the M muffling speaker units 5221 may be covered with M radiation suppression portions, respectively, or two of the M muffling speaker units 5221 may be used as a muffling speaker unit pair, and each muffling speaker unit pair may be used. May be configured to cover each with M / 2 radiation suppression portions.
  • FIG. 22 shows the road noise at the left ear position
  • FIG. 23 shows the road noise at the right ear position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/040453 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 音響システム Ceased WO2022091255A1 (ja)

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JP2022558674A JP7605221B2 (ja) 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 音響システム
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