WO2022084141A1 - Ladeschaltung mit einem gleichstromanschluss und einem wechselstromanschluss sowie bordnetz mit einer ladeschaltung - Google Patents
Ladeschaltung mit einem gleichstromanschluss und einem wechselstromanschluss sowie bordnetz mit einer ladeschaltung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022084141A1 WO2022084141A1 PCT/EP2021/078435 EP2021078435W WO2022084141A1 WO 2022084141 A1 WO2022084141 A1 WO 2022084141A1 EP 2021078435 W EP2021078435 W EP 2021078435W WO 2022084141 A1 WO2022084141 A1 WO 2022084141A1
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- Prior art keywords
- connection
- converter
- potential
- charging circuit
- rectifier
- Prior art date
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/40—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- Vehicles with electric traction drive have an accumulator that provides energy for electric driving. Furthermore, electrically operated vehicles are equipped with charging connections, by means of which electrical energy can be transmitted from a charging station to the battery of the vehicle. In order to be as compatible as possible, electric vehicles can be equipped with a direct current charging connection and an alternating current charging connection. A corresponding charging circuit must therefore not only provide components for current direction or current adjustment of the charging current, but also enable the most cost-effective possible use of other components of the vehicle that are to be electrically supplied. It must be taken into account here that the power to be transmitted during electric driving and charging is high and the components used in the vehicle electrical system or the relevant charging circuit therefore represent a significant cost factor. Furthermore, care must be taken to ensure that no dangerous contact voltages occur at the charging connections, especially at charging connections that are not used.
- a charging circuit with a battery connection and with a direct current and an alternating current connection, the alternating current connection being connected to a rectifier.
- the DC connector is connected to the battery connector for transferring charging energy, while the rectifier is connected to the battery connector via a DC-DC converter.
- a voltage level can be adjusted to the suitable charging voltage by means of the DC voltage converter.
- the rectifier or the DC voltage connection can be connected to the DC voltage converter via a changeover switch (depending on the type of charging), so that the DC-DC converter can be used for voltage adjustment.
- a circuit breaker in a direct connection between the direct current connection and the accumulator connection can disconnect.
- a diode is provided in the connection between the DC charging connection and the DC-DC converter, which blocks when the output of the rectifier generates a voltage for the DC-DC converter.
- the changeover switch (for switching between AC charging and DC charging) can also be provided with a single pole.
- the changeover switch affects only one direct current potential, while the diode acts in the other direct current potential. This ensures that none of the named potentials on the direct current side of the rectifier can be present at the direct current charging connection, isolation by the diode being provided for one potential and isolation by the switch for the other potential.
- a preferably all-pole isolating switch between the DC connection and the battery connection allows the DC connection to be separated from the battery and the DC voltage converter.
- the DC side of the rectifier is connected to the battery terminal via the changeover switch and the DC/DC converter (in that order).
- the isolating switch is provided between the DC connection and the battery connection and allows a (preferably all-pole) disconnection of the DC connection both from the battery connection and from the DC/DC converter, i.e. from the side of the DC/DC converter which is connected to the battery connection.
- a charging circuit in particular a vehicle-mounted charging circuit, which has a DC connection and an AC connection. These ports are set up for wired charging.
- the AC connector is connected to an AC side of a rectifier of the charging circuit.
- the rectifier also has a DC side, the rectifier being configured to convert an electrical current applied to an AC side into a DC current on the DC side.
- the DC side is connected to a DC-DC converter via a changeover switch.
- the switch connects a first side of the DC/DC converter (In particular a first potential thereof) optionally with the direct current connection (or a first potential thereof) or with a first potential of the direct current side of the rectifier.
- the switch can thereby be selected whether the rectifier is connected to the DC/DC converter (and is thus connected to an accumulator connection via the DC/DC converter) or whether the DC/DC converter is to be connected to the DC/DC connection.
- the switch is set according to the charging mode (DC / AC).
- a second potential of the DC side of the rectifier is connected to the DC connection via a diode.
- the blocking direction of the diode points to the DC connection.
- a circuit breaker connects the accumulator connection on the one hand with the changeover switch and the DC connection on the other hand.
- a second side of the DC/DC converter is connected to the battery connection, the DC connection being connected to the battery connection via the circuit breaker.
- the changeover switch can thus have a single-pole design and is therefore less expensive than a two-pole changeover switch.
- the diode is a low-cost component compared to a double-throw double-throw switch, even in high-power applications, and at the same time enables the relevant potential of the DC side of the rectifier to be effectively isolated from the DC connection.
- the DC port can also be referred to as a DC charging port.
- the AC connector can also be referred to as an AC charging connector. Both connections are preferably plug contacts, in particular plug contacts that can be connected to a charging cable on an outside of the vehicle.
- the charging circuit enables the direct current connection to be connected directly to a battery in the vehicle in order to implement rapid charging. It is also possible through the DC-DC converter and the application via the switch that for voltage adjustment, such as at the beginning of a charging phase, power from DC connection can be supplied via the DC voltage converter for voltage adjustment to the accumulator. In addition to cost-effective disconnection of the direct current connection during alternating current charging, the circuit also enables fast charging, with the direct current converter being able to be used both for direct current charging, if voltage adjustment is required, and for alternating current charging.
- a second side of the DC-DC converter is connected to a battery connection of the charging circuit.
- the direct current connection is preferably also connected to this accumulator connection (via an isolating switch, but without voltage conversion).
- the second side of the DC-DC converter can also be referred to as an output, while the first side can represent an input. These designations relate in particular to a loading process.
- the direct current connection is connected to the accumulator connection via the diode and the changeover switch (regarding one of two potentials of the direct current connection) via the direct voltage converter.
- the rectifier's changeover switch and diodes prevent transfer of voltage from the DC terminal to the AC terminal.
- the circuit breaker can be closed.
- the changeover switch and the diode each for one of two potentials on the direct current side of the rectifier
- the circuit breaker prevents the transfer of DC voltage from the battery connection to the (unoccupied) DC connection during AC charging.
- the isolating switch is designed as an all-pole isolating switch.
- the changeover switch is single pole.
- the DC-DC converter (in particular its second side) can be connected directly to the accumulator connection.
- a second, preferably all-pole, isolating switch is provided, via which the DC-DC converter (in particular its second side) is connected to the accumulator connection.
- the first potential on the DC side of the rectifier is preferably a negative potential, for example a negative high-voltage potential (approximately the minus potential).
- This can optionally be connected via the changeover switch to the first side of the DC-DC converter, in particular a negative potential on this side, or can be connected via the changeover switch to the DC connection, in particular a negative potential of the DC connection.
- the first potential is therefore a negative potential, which is connected to a negative potential on the first side of the DC/DC converter via the changeover switch.
- the second potential of the direct current side of the rectifier is preferably a positive potential. This is connected to a positive potential of the DC connection via the diode.
- the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive potential, that is to say the second potential, while the anode of the diode is connected to the DC connection, in particular to its positive potential.
- the DC connection comprises two contacts, one contact for a positive potential and one contact for a negative potential.
- the diode connects the negative potential of the DC side of the rectifier to the negative potential of the DC connection, while the changeover switch is connected to a positive potential of the first side of the DC-DC converter, and optionally a positive potential of the DC side of the rectifier or connects a positive potential of the DC side of the DC connection to this.
- the diode is then correspondingly provided in the other potential and has a blocking direction, which prevents current from flowing from the DC side to the DC connection.
- the reverse direction of the diode is such that the diode blocks a current flow from the rectifier to the DC terminal when there is no voltage thereon and conducts a current from the DC terminal to the DC-DC converter when a charging voltage is present at the DC terminal.
- the diodes of the rectifier have a blocking effect, which prevents a current flow from one potential of the DC side of the rectifier to the other potential of the DC side when a voltage is present on the DC side of the rectifier, such as a charging voltage of the DC connection.
- the rectifying elements of the rectifier cut off a current flow from a DC side potential to AC side when voltage is applied to the DC side is applied or when there is no voltage on the AC side of the rectifier.
- the rectifier is preferably not galvanically isolating.
- the rectifier can also be a galvanically isolating rectifier, whereby the use of a galvanically connecting rectifier, i. H. a non-galvanically isolating rectifier, is more cost-effective.
- the DC-DC converter can be designed as a galvanically isolating or galvanically isolating DC-DC converter and thus have a transformer via which the power is transmitted.
- the DC-DC converter can also be a galvanically connecting DC-DC converter. The use of a galvanically connecting DC-DC converter is cheaper, but this does not allow potential isolation between the two sides of the converter.
- the power circuit preferably includes an intermediate circuit capacitor. This is connected in parallel to the first side of the DC-DC converter.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor is provided between the changeover switch and the DC voltage converter.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor is thus directly connected to the first side of the DC-DC converter, independently of the switch position of the changeover switch.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor is thus located on the side of the DC-DC converter that faces the changeover switch or the rectifier.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor is provided in particular at the point on the DC voltage converter which faces away from the accumulator connection.
- the DC side of the rectifier may be connected to the DC terminal through the diode as well as through a fuse.
- the direct current side of the rectifier is thus connected to the direct current connection via a series connection, the series connection resulting from the series connection of diode and fuse.
- the fuse is preferably connected to the rectifier or to its direct current side via the diode. This protects the circuit in the event of a short-circuit fault in the diode.
- the charging circuit preferably includes a controller. This is connected to the switch in a driving manner.
- the controller In an AC charging state, the controller is configured to set the changeover switch to connect the first side of the DC/DC converter to the DC voltage side of the rectifier.
- the controller is also set up to charge in a direct current state to connect the first side of the DC-DC converter to the DC connector.
- AC SOC is when there is single or multi-phase voltage on the AC side of the rectifier (while there is no voltage on the DC terminal), and DC SOC is when there is DC voltage, i.e. charging DC voltage, on the DC terminal (and no voltage on the AC terminal). charging voltage present).
- the controller is preferably drivingly connected to the circuit breaker.
- the controller is preferably set up to provide the isolating switch in the open state when the AC charging state is present and to provide the isolating switch in the closed state when the DC charging state is present.
- the AC connection and the DC connection are preferably designed according to a standard for conductive charging of plug-in vehicles.
- This standard can be, for example, IEC 61851, IEC 60309/CEE, SAEJ 1772, IEC 62196-2 or EN62196 (Type II).
- the AC connection and the DC connection are preferably provided by plugs that are accessible from the outside of the vehicle so as to plug in a charging station plug.
- the AC power connector and the DC power connector may also be provided by a common connector that combines the contacts for the AC power connector and the DC power connector, in the sense of a combo connector (CCS) or the like.
- CCS combo connector
- the charging circuit can be provided with a battery connection which is connected equally to the DC connection and to the second side of the DC/DC converter. There are thus (two) connection points which connect the second side of the DC voltage converter to the accumulator connection.
- the connection points are provided on one side of the isolating switch, while the opposite side of the isolating switch is connected to the first potential of the first side of the DC/DC converter via the changeover switch. This opposite side of the isolating switch is also connected via the diode to the second potential on the first side of the DC-DC converter.
- the accumulator connection is connected to the connection points, resulting in a central interface for connecting an accumulator.
- the charging circuit can have an accumulator isolating switch, which is connected downstream of this accumulator connection, in order to be able to disconnect an accumulator (of an on-board electrical system) that is connected to the charging circuit via the accumulator isolating switch.
- the accumulator connection is designed for connection to an accumulator and has contacts which allow an accumulator to be connected.
- the battery connection is designed as a high-voltage battery interface. The prefix "high voltage” means that the component concerned is designed for a voltage of more than 60 V or at least 100 V, 200 V, 400 V or 800 V.
- the accumulator interface can be connected via the switch to the first side of the DC/DC converter and via the diode to the DC side of the rectifier.
- the accumulator interface is connected to the diode and the changeover switch via the isolating switch.
- a potential terminal of the all-pole (two-pole) isolating switch is connected to the diode and another potential terminal of the all-pole (two-pole) isolating switch is connected to the changeover switch.
- the charging circuit can also have a further isolating switch, via which the second side of the DC/DC converter is connected to the battery connection or the DC connection (i.e. to the connection points).
- This further isolating switch is preferably an all-pole (two-pole) switch.
- the charging circuit can also have an on-board power supply connection which is located on the second side of the DC-DC converter, in particular on the side of the further isolating switch which is (directly) connected to the second side of the DC-DC converter.
- an on-board branch connected to the charging circuit can be connected to other electrical components via this on-board power supply connection, which can be supplied with both alternating current and direct current charging.
- AC charging these are supplied via the DC voltage converter.
- DC voltage charging these can be supplied via the additional isolating switch, or can also be supplied via the DC voltage converter when the isolating switch is open.
- the vehicle electrical system described below includes this vehicle electrical system branch connected to the charging circuit with the corresponding components, such as components that are supplied with electricity during charging, such as an air conditioning compressor, a 12-volt vehicle electrical system converter, an electrically heatable catalytic converter, and the like. Furthermore, an electric traction drive can be provided in the vehicle electrical system branch. If this is supplied with energy via the accumulator connection, then the DC voltage converter separates the vehicle electrical system connection from the first side of the DC voltage converter. In a traction mode, the changeover switch preferably connects the DC/DC converter to the rectifier and disconnects the DC/DC converter from the first potential of the DC connection.
- an on-board network is described, in particular a vehicle on-board network, which has a charging circuit as described herein.
- the vehicle electrical system also includes an accumulator. This is connected to the accumulator connection and can be connected to it directly or via a (preferably all-pole) accumulator isolating switch of the charging circuit.
- the accumulator can thus be connected to the direct current connection via the isolating switch and to the second side of the DC voltage converter, either directly or via the further isolating switch.
- the vehicle electrical system includes a charging circuit with an AC connection, which is connected to a DC-DC converter via a rectifier and a changeover switch provided at a first potential.
- the second potential between the rectifier and the DC voltage converter is connected to a second potential of a DC voltage connection via a diode.
- the first potential of the DC voltage connection is connected to the first potential between the rectifier and the DC voltage converter via the diode.
- a circuit breaker connects the DC voltage connection (and thus the diode and the changeover switch) to the accumulator connection, to which an accumulator (part of the vehicle electrical system, not the charging circuit) is connected.
- the changeover switch connects a potential of a first side of the DC voltage converter either to a first potential of the DC voltage side of the rectifier or to the first potential of the DC voltage connection.
- the second side of the DC voltage converter is connected to the accumulator connection directly or preferably via a further isolating switch.
- the connectors, the rectifier, the inverter, the switches and the diode are part of the charging circuit.
- a The battery of the vehicle electrical system is connected to the battery connection.
- a vehicle electrical system connection of the charging circuit is connected directly to the second side of the DC-DC converter, with an vehicle electrical system branch of the vehicle electrical system, which is not part of the charging circuit, being connected to the vehicle electrical system connection.
- a controller switches at least the changeover switch as shown above.
- the vehicle electrical system is equipped with a charging circuit as described here.
- the vehicle electrical system has an accumulator that is connected to the accumulator connection of the charging circuit.
- the electrical system has at least one component that is connected to an electrical system connection of the charging circuit.
- the vehicle electrical system connection is connected to the second side of the DC-DC converter (preferably directly) and is connected to the accumulator connection of the charging circuit via the (optional) further isolating switch of the charging circuit.
- the vehicle electrical system is preferably a high-voltage vehicle electrical system.
- the vehicle electrical system is preferably a vehicle electrical system, for example a vehicle with an electric traction drive.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram for a more detailed explanation of the charging circuit described here and the vehicle electrical system described here.
- FIG. 1 shows a charging circuit LS to which an accumulator A and a direct current source G and an alternating current source W are connected.
- the charging circuit LS includes an interface S, which has a DC connection GA and an AC connection WA. Both ports are charging ports. It is shown that an alternating current source W or a direct current source G can be connected to the corresponding connections WA, GA, so that there is compatibility for both types of charging.
- the charging circuit LS has a rectifier G1 which has an AC side WS which is (directly) connected to the AC connection WA.
- a DC-DC converter GW of the charging circuit LS is connected to the corresponding DC side GS of the rectifier G1 via a (single-pole) changeover switch US.
- the first potential, ie the negative potential - the direct current side is connected via the changeover switch US to the first potential - a first side of the DC voltage converter GW.
- the switch US is set up, in a first switching state 1, the first side 1 S of the To connect the DC voltage converter GW, in particular its first potential, to the DC connection GA, in particular to its first potential. In this switching position, the changeover switch US separates the DC-DC converter GW from the rectifier GS (relative to the first potential -).
- the changeover switch US In the other switch position 2 of the changeover switch US, the first potential--the DC voltage side GS of the rectifier G1 with the first potential--connected to the first side of the DC-DC converter GW. In this switch position, the changeover switch separates the DC-DC converter GW from the DC connection GA (relative to the first potential—of GW and GA).
- the DC-DC converter GW has a second side 2S, which is (directly) connected to a vehicle electrical system connection BA. Furthermore, the second side 2S of the DC-DC converter GW is connected to the accumulator connection (via a further isolating switch TS2). The second side 2S of the DC-DC converter is connected (via the further isolating switch TS2) to a connection point V, at which the second side 2S of the DC-DC converter is connected via the further isolating switch TS2 to the isolating switch TS1, which leads to the DC connection GA. In addition, this connection point V is connected to the accumulator connection AA of the charging circuit LS. A battery A of the vehicle electrical system shown is connected to the battery connection AA of the charging circuit LS.
- the second side 2S of the DC voltage converter (GW) is thus connected to the accumulator connection AA (via the optional further isolating switch TS2), which is connected to the DC voltage connection GA via the isolating switch TS1.
- the accumulator connection is connected to the rectifier G1 (or its direct voltage side GS) via the isolating switch TS1 and via the diode D1 and the changeover switch US (provided in different potential rails +, -).
- the DC connection GA is connected directly to the diode D1 and to the switch US, which lead directly to the DC voltage side GS or to the first side 1S of the DC voltage converter GW.
- a battery isolating switch (not shown) can be provided between the connection point V and the battery connection AA, or the battery connection AA is connected directly to the connection point V.
- the additional isolating switch TS2 is optional and can be connected between the second side 2S of the DC-DC converter GW and the accumulator connection (or the isolating switch TS1).
- the additional circuit breaker TS2 is connected between the vehicle electrical system connection BA and the accumulator connection AA.
- the isolating switches are designed with two poles and separate both potentials in a switchable manner.
- the vehicle electrical system connection BA is part of the charging circuit, with other components (in particular high-voltage components such as an air conditioning compressor, a 12 V converter, a catalytic converter heating element and in particular an electric drive) of the vehicle electrical system being able to connect to the vehicle electrical system connection BA.
- these components are not part of the charging circuit LS.
- the second potential + is connected to the second potential + of the DC connection GA via a diode D1.
- the diode D1 thus also connects the second potential + of the DC side (and thus also the second potential plus of the first side 1S) via the isolating switch TS1 to the connection point V or to the accumulator connection AA.
- An optional fuse F can be provided between the diode D1 and the second potential + of the DC connection GA.
- a control C is drivingly connected to the changeover switch US (as shown by the arrow) in order to selectively set the switch position 1 or 2 of the changeover switch US.
- the changeover switch When charging with alternating current, the changeover switch is preferably in switch position 2 and when charging with direct current, switch position 1.
- the rectifier G1 also has diodes D2 to DN, which are not shown in detail for reasons of clarity.
- the rectifier G1 can be provided, for example, as a power factor correction filter or as a BnC bridge, where n is twice the number of phases of the AC connection WA.
- the switch US In an alternating current load the switch US is provided in switch position 2, so that the first potential - the DC side GS due to the Changeover switch US from the first potential - the DC connection GA is decoupled.
- the controller C can also be connected to the (all-pole) isolating switch TS1, which is located between the connection point V or the accumulator connection AA on the one hand and the DC connection GA on the other hand.
- the controller C controls the changeover switch US to assume position 2, while the controller provides the isolating switch TS1 in an open switching state.
- the first potential - of the DC connection GA is therefore separated via the changeover switch US from the first potential - the DC side GS and the first side 1S, and also via the isolating switch TS1 from the first potential - the second side 2S of the DC-DC converter.
- the second potential + it can be determined during AC charging that the second potential plus on the DC side GS (and thus also on the first side 1S of the DC-DC converter GW) is separated from the second potential + of the DC connection GA via the diode D1. Furthermore, the second potential + of the second side 2S of the DC voltage converter GW is also isolated from the DC connection GA via the isolating switch TS1. Equally, however, the connection between 2S and AA allows power to flow from the DC-DC converter GW to the battery A during AC charging.
- the optional TS2 circuit breaker is included
- AC charging is open (and closed for DC charging), for which purpose the controller C can be connected to the isolating switch TS2 in a driving manner.
- DC charging power flows from DC terminal GA via circuit breaker TS1 (driven closed during direct DC charging) to battery terminal AA.
- the diodes D2...Dn of the rectifier G1 block any current flow from the DC side GS of the rectifier G1 to the AC connection WA.
- the switch TS2 can be controlled to be open.
- the disconnecting switch TS1 can be open (and the optional switch TS2 closed) so as to transfer power via the converter GW to the battery terminal AA.
- Dn have a blocking effect (for the second potential), while the changeover switch US for the first potential separates the first side 1S of the converter GW from the DC side GS of the rectifier G1.
- direct current charging direct charging and voltage adjustment direct current charging via the converter GW
- the connection WA is not connected to any of the potentials of the active charging connection (in this example the charging connection GA) in a current-carrying connection.
- the changeover switch US is only single-pole, there is a cost advantage compared to a two-pole design of the changeover switch US, even if the diode D1 is necessary for the single-pole design of the changeover switch US, since it is less expensive than a multi-pole changeover switch US.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020237016648A KR20230088793A (ko) | 2020-10-20 | 2021-10-14 | 직류 단자와 교류 단자를 갖는 충전 회로 및 충전 회로를 갖는 차량 전기 시스템 |
US18/032,628 US20230382249A1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2021-10-14 | Charging circuit having a direct-current terminal and an alternating-current terminal, and vehicle electrical system having a charging circuit |
CN202180071511.0A CN116507524A (zh) | 2020-10-20 | 2021-10-14 | 具有直流终端和交流终端的充电电路,以及具有充电电路的车辆电气系统 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020213227.5A DE102020213227B3 (de) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Ladeschaltung mit einem Gleichstromanschluss und einem Wechselstromanschluss sowie Bordnetz mit einer Ladeschaltung |
DE102020213227.5 | 2020-10-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022084141A1 true WO2022084141A1 (de) | 2022-04-28 |
Family
ID=78179426
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2021/078435 WO2022084141A1 (de) | 2020-10-20 | 2021-10-14 | Ladeschaltung mit einem gleichstromanschluss und einem wechselstromanschluss sowie bordnetz mit einer ladeschaltung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230382249A1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230088793A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116507524A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020213227B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022084141A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2023237405A1 (de) * | 2022-06-09 | 2023-12-14 | Brusa Hypower Ag | Ladesystem, spannungswandlereinheit, und speichereinheit |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2527186A2 (de) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | ZF Friedrichshafen AG | Elektrisches Ladesystem |
US20150001958A1 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2015-01-01 | Technova Inc. | Bidirectional contactless power transfer system |
US20170179745A1 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2017-06-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device for charging an energy store |
WO2021078518A1 (de) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Fahrzeugbordnetz |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019202345A1 (de) | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-27 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Fahrzeugbordnetz mit einem Akkumulator, einem Wechselspannungsanschluss und einem Gleichspannungsanschluss |
-
2020
- 2020-10-20 DE DE102020213227.5A patent/DE102020213227B3/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-10-14 US US18/032,628 patent/US20230382249A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-14 WO PCT/EP2021/078435 patent/WO2022084141A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-10-14 KR KR1020237016648A patent/KR20230088793A/ko unknown
- 2021-10-14 CN CN202180071511.0A patent/CN116507524A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2527186A2 (de) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | ZF Friedrichshafen AG | Elektrisches Ladesystem |
US20150001958A1 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2015-01-01 | Technova Inc. | Bidirectional contactless power transfer system |
US20170179745A1 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2017-06-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device for charging an energy store |
WO2021078518A1 (de) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Fahrzeugbordnetz |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116507524A (zh) | 2023-07-28 |
KR20230088793A (ko) | 2023-06-20 |
US20230382249A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
DE102020213227B3 (de) | 2021-12-30 |
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