WO2022063673A1 - Verfahren zum erkennen eines manipulierten oder gefälschten gnss-signals - Google Patents
Verfahren zum erkennen eines manipulierten oder gefälschten gnss-signals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022063673A1 WO2022063673A1 PCT/EP2021/075478 EP2021075478W WO2022063673A1 WO 2022063673 A1 WO2022063673 A1 WO 2022063673A1 EP 2021075478 W EP2021075478 W EP 2021075478W WO 2022063673 A1 WO2022063673 A1 WO 2022063673A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- gnss
- property
- satellite
- manipulated
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/21—Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
- G01S19/215—Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service issues related to spoofing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/015—Arrangements for jamming, spoofing or other methods of denial of service of such systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting a manipulated or falsified GNSS signal, a computer program for carrying out the method, a machine-readable storage medium on which the computer program is stored and a system for a vehicle, the system being set up for carrying out the method.
- the invention can be used in particular in GNSS-based localization systems for autonomous or semi-autonomous driving.
- spoofing The generation and transmission of manipulated and/or falsified GNSS signals is also commonly referred to as so-called "spoofing". Specifically, spoofing is done with the aim of misleading a GNSS receiver, possibly without the GNSS receiver noticing the attack. Spoofing is technically challenging as the complex GNSS signal structures have to be recreated, usually for multiple GNSS signals in parallel. So-called “meaconing” is a subcategory of spoofing and concerns the retransmission of received GNSS signals.
- a method for detecting a manipulated or forged GNSS signal comprising at least the following steps: a) receiving a GNSS signal, b) analyzing the GNSS signal to at least one signal property and at least one satellite property from the GNSS -signal to be determined, c) comparing the determined at least one signal property with at least one known signal property, which is determined as a function of the detected at least one satellite property, d) detecting a manipulated or counterfeit GNSS signal if there is a discrepancy between the determined signal property and known signal property results.
- steps a), b), c) and d) can be carried out, for example, at least once and/or repeatedly in the order given. Furthermore, steps a), b), c) and d), in particular steps c) and d), can be carried out at least partially in parallel or simultaneously.
- step a) can be carried out on the vehicle or by means of a GNSS receiver and/or GNSS sensor of a vehicle.
- Steps b), c) and/or d) can also be carried out on the vehicle side and/or at least partially outside the vehicle, for example by a higher-level management device that can receive data from a number of vehicles.
- the method is used in particular for the (mechanical) detection of GNSS spoofing and/or meaconing.
- it can be the manipulated or falsified GNSS signal, for example, be a signal that is artificially generated by a (satellite-external) GNSS signal generator and, in particular, is transmitted to GNSS receivers as an alternative or in addition to (original) satellite signals.
- the GNSS signal generator can be used, for example, to completely simulate GNSS signals and/or to add at least one signal to received GNSS signals in a meaconing scenario.
- the method can, for example, help to detect meaconing attacks in which received GNSS signals are retransmitted.
- the method is not limited to this. Rather, the method can advantageously contribute to recognizing whether spoofing of GNSS signals is currently (generally) taking place.
- the method is used in particular to detect a manipulated or falsified GNSS signal within the scope of (own) localization of a (motor) vehicle based (at least also) on GNSS data.
- the method contributes in particular to improving the accuracy and/or reliability of the position result of the vehicle position.
- any manipulation of the vehicle position that may be present can be recognized or discovered from the self-localization.
- the vehicle can be an automobile, for example, which is preferably set up for at least partially automated and/or autonomous ferry operation.
- a GNSS signal is received.
- one or more (original) GNSS signals can be received from one or more GNSS satellites (e.g. from satellites of the GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou, etc. services).
- manipulated or forged GNSS signals can be received, for example those that are sent out by a spoofing device.
- the GNSS signal is analyzed in order to determine at least one signal property and at least one satellite property from the GNSS signal.
- the signal characteristic can be, for example, the (received) carrier wave frequency(s).
- the satellite property can be the series of the concerned satellites and/or the availability of carrier wave frequencies (LI, L2C, etc.) at the concerned satellite.
- GNSS satellites In your navigation data (GNSS data or GNSS satellite data), GNSS satellites usually transmit information about the series of the relevant (transmitting) satellite and/or about which GNSS signals (e.g. which frequencies) are or should be available. For example, older GPS satellites do not broadcast a civil signal on the second frequency (L2C). This information is usually communicated via the navigation data.
- L2C second frequency
- a navigation data handler or GNSS signal handler of a system can decode the navigation data of the satellites or the received signals and derive the at least one signal property and/or at least one satellite property (e.g. series of the satellite or possibly the supposed satellite) from it .
- at least one known signal property can be determined as a function of the detected at least one satellite property.
- the known signal property can, for example, relate to a signal characteristic, such as that a certain series does not transmit a civil signal on the second frequency (L2C).
- Corresponding known signal properties or signal characteristics that occur with certain satellite properties can be stored (coded) in the system also described here (fixed or updatable) and/or can be obtained via a preferably wireless connection (e.g. radio-based Internet connection).
- the determined at least one signal property is compared with at least one known signal property that is determined as a function of the identified at least one satellite property. For example, a comparison can be made between carrier wave frequencies, in particular between at least one carrier wave frequency that is received (or at which) and at least one carrier wave frequency that (or at which) is (normally) received or not received by way of example in the satellite series in question should.
- a known signal characteristic determined depending on the series can be, for example, that no civilian signal is sent on the second frequency (L2C).
- a spoofing monitor of the system also described here can be set up to monitor the known signal property(s) or
- the spoofing monitor can issue a spoofing warning if, for example, a discrepancy between the determined signal property and known signal property was detected, especially if an impossible signal was received. This information can then be used in the position calculation and/or for status information.
- a manipulated or forged GNSS signal is detected if there is a discrepancy between the determined signal property and the known signal property.
- the discrepancy relates in particular to a deviation between the determined signal property and the known signal property. If a manipulated or forged GNSS signal was detected, this can be sorted out, for example, and in particular excluded for use in locating a vehicle position.
- Spoofing can be detected, for example, if the spoofer has not consistently generated all signals and associated navigation data to the effect that (based on the example above), for example, such a signal comes from a (supposed) satellite that cannot transmit on a specific frequency Will be received.
- step a) the GNSS signal is received by a GNSS sensor of a vehicle.
- the GNSS sensor can be arranged in and/or on the vehicle, for example.
- the at least one satellite property has at least one of the following Features includes: satellite type, satellite model, satellite series.
- the satellite property preferably relates to the satellite series.
- the at least one known signal property relates to at least one or the at least one frequency of the signal.
- the frequency relates in particular to at least one carrier wave frequency of the signal which (or at which) should (normally) be received or should not be received, for example in the relevant series of satellites.
- a manipulated or forged GNSS signal is recognized if a GNSS signal is received on a frequency on which the GNSS satellite that is supposed to be transmitting is not transmitting.
- a manipulated or forged GNSS signal can be detected if a GNSS signal is received on or with a carrier wave frequency on which the supposedly transmitting GNSS satellite is not transmitting.
- a computer program for carrying out a method presented here is proposed.
- this relates in particular to a computer program (product), comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the latter to execute a method described here.
- a machine-readable storage medium is proposed, on which the computer program proposed here is deposited or stored.
- the machine-readable storage medium is usually a computer-readable data carrier.
- the system can, for example, comprise a computer and/or a control unit (controller) which can execute instructions in order to carry out the method.
- the computer or the control device can, for example, execute the specified computer program.
- the computer or the control unit can access the specified storage medium in order to be able to run the computer program.
- the system may include a GNSS sensor for receiving GNSS signals.
- the system can (further) include, for example, a navigation data handler or GNSS signal handler and/or a spoofing monitor.
- the system can (additionally) include a localization device which can determine a vehicle's own position at least using received GNSS signals (and not recognized as being manipulated or forged).
- the localization device can, for example, perform a fusion of GNSS data with further data from sensors of the vehicle, such as with surroundings sensor data from surroundings sensors of the vehicle.
- the system can, for example, be a component of a movement and position sensor, which can be arranged or is arranged in particular in or on a vehicle, or can be connected to such a sensor for the exchange of information.
- the GNSS sensor and/or the localization device are components of the movement and position sensor.
- the system includes a movement and position sensor, which in this case can include the GNSS sensor and/or the localization device, for example.
- Fig. 1 an exemplary sequence of the method presented here
- Fig. 2 an example of a system described here for a vehicle.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary sequence of the method presented here for detecting a manipulated or forged GNSS signal.
- the sequence of steps a), b), c) and d) represented by blocks 110, 120, 130 and 140 is exemplary and can be run through at least once in the sequence represented in order to carry out the method.
- a GNSS signal is received.
- the GNSS signal can be received by a GNSS sensor 1 of a vehicle 2 (cf. FIG. 2), for example.
- the GNSS signal is analyzed in order to determine at least one signal property and at least one satellite property from the GNSS signal.
- the at least one satellite property can include at least one of the following properties: satellite type, satellite model, satellite series.
- the determined at least one signal property is compared with at least one known signal property, which is determined as a function of the identified at least one satellite property.
- the at least one known signal property may relate to the frequency of the signal.
- a manipulated or forged GNSS signal is detected if there is a discrepancy between the determined signal property and the known signal property.
- a manipulated or forged GNSS signal can be detected when a GNSS signal is received on a frequency on which the GNSS satellite 3 that is supposed to be transmitting is not transmitting.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of a system 4 described here for a vehicle 2.
- the system 4 is set up to carry out the method described in connection with FIG.
- a spoofing device 5 which has a signal generator 6 at its disposal.
- the spoofing device 5 also includes a module 7, for example, which receives a GNSS signal transmitted by a GNSS satellite 3 (e.g. GPS, GLONASS, Galileo or Beidou) and adds fake signals or signal components to it and/or the signal content of the can manipulate GNSS signals.
- the spoofing device 5 includes a module 8 here, for example, which can generate its own, forged GNSS signal.
- the modules 7 , 8 can each access the signal generator 6 .
- the system 4 is arranged in or on a vehicle 2, for example.
- a GNSS sensor 1 of the system 4 can receive both original GNSS signals from GNSS satellites 3 and manipulated and/or forged GNSS signals from the spoofing device 5 .
- the system 4 can carry out a GNSS-based localization of the vehicle, the signals coming from the spoofing device 5 being recognized and advantageously excluded for the localization using the method described.
- the method thus advantageously contributes to keeping the risk of a navigation system being damaged by spoofing as low as possible or at least reducing it.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180064936.9A CN116194804A (zh) | 2020-09-24 | 2021-09-16 | 用于识别篡改或伪造的gnss信号的方法 |
JP2023518810A JP7538344B2 (ja) | 2020-09-24 | 2021-09-16 | 操作された又は不正なgnss信号を識別する方法 |
KR1020237013281A KR20230071163A (ko) | 2020-09-24 | 2021-09-16 | 조작된 또는 위조된 gnss 신호 검출 방법 |
US18/044,988 US20230341561A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2021-09-16 | Method for Detecting a Manipulated or Falsified GNSS Signal |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020212033.1A DE102020212033A1 (de) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Verfahren zum Erkennen eines manipulierten oder gefälschten GNSS-Signals |
DE102020212033.1 | 2020-09-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022063673A1 true WO2022063673A1 (de) | 2022-03-31 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2021/075478 WO2022063673A1 (de) | 2020-09-24 | 2021-09-16 | Verfahren zum erkennen eines manipulierten oder gefälschten gnss-signals |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230341561A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7538344B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230071163A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116194804A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020212033A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022063673A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4139713A2 (de) * | 2020-04-22 | 2023-03-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Bestimmung der korrekten position in gegenwart von gnss-spoofing |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010077790A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | Trueposition, Inc. | Interference detection, characterization and location in a wireless communications or broadcast system |
US20130310068A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Radio frequency interference awareness assistance data |
US20160349375A1 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2016-12-01 | Mbda Uk Limited | Geo-location of jamming signals |
-
2020
- 2020-09-24 DE DE102020212033.1A patent/DE102020212033A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-09-16 US US18/044,988 patent/US20230341561A1/en active Pending
- 2021-09-16 WO PCT/EP2021/075478 patent/WO2022063673A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-09-16 CN CN202180064936.9A patent/CN116194804A/zh active Pending
- 2021-09-16 JP JP2023518810A patent/JP7538344B2/ja active Active
- 2021-09-16 KR KR1020237013281A patent/KR20230071163A/ko active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010077790A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | Trueposition, Inc. | Interference detection, characterization and location in a wireless communications or broadcast system |
US20130310068A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Radio frequency interference awareness assistance data |
US20160349375A1 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2016-12-01 | Mbda Uk Limited | Geo-location of jamming signals |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116194804A (zh) | 2023-05-30 |
KR20230071163A (ko) | 2023-05-23 |
JP2023542387A (ja) | 2023-10-06 |
DE102020212033A1 (de) | 2022-03-24 |
JP7538344B2 (ja) | 2024-08-21 |
US20230341561A1 (en) | 2023-10-26 |
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