WO2022062514A1 - 内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统 - Google Patents

内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062514A1
WO2022062514A1 PCT/CN2021/102414 CN2021102414W WO2022062514A1 WO 2022062514 A1 WO2022062514 A1 WO 2022062514A1 CN 2021102414 W CN2021102414 W CN 2021102414W WO 2022062514 A1 WO2022062514 A1 WO 2022062514A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
endoscope
signal
wire outlet
handle
cable
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PCT/CN2021/102414
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘丹
李中华
刘畅
刘民
管鑫
Original Assignee
微创优通医疗科技(嘉兴)有限公司
微创优通医疗科技（上海）有限公司
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Publication of WO2022062514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062514A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an endoscope handle, an endoscope and an endoscope system.
  • An endoscope is a commonly used medical device that can be used in various inspections and surgical procedures. Compared with traditional surgical procedures, the functional minimally invasive surgery of medical endoscopes has been widely accepted by doctors and patients. Medical endoscopes only need to use the natural holes of the human body or open small holes when necessary, and the doctor can perform closed surgical operations outside the body as long as the endoscope lens is skillfully penetrated into the body.
  • the doctor manually controls the endoscope to reach the designated position through the handle body, and then performs the corresponding surgical operation.
  • the endoscope shown in FIG. 1 includes a handle body 3, the handle body 3 is connected to the light guide connector 2 through a cable 4, and the light guide connector 2 is also connected to the video connector 1 through a cable 4, wherein the light guide connector 2 is used for connection
  • the output socket to the light source is used to transmit light from the light source to the endoscope.
  • the video connector 1 is used to connect to the output socket of the image processor to observe the endoscope image.
  • the handle body 3 is used to control the operation of the entire endoscope. .
  • the doctor needs to hold the handle body 3 for operation, and the endoscope is basically in a vertical state, and the thumb holding the handle body 3 rests on the handle body 3 to operate.
  • the bending of the insertion portion 5 is controlled by the hand wheel 31 (ie, the rotation mechanism).
  • the line 4 easily interferes with the doctor's operating hand or arm, and also easily causes the center of gravity of the grip portion of the handle to move upward, which not only causes unstable grip, but also increases the doctor's operating burden, which is not conducive to surgical operations.
  • the operation handwheel 31 and the corresponding pull wire 33 are basically concentrated on the upper part of the handle.
  • the signal wire 32 in the handle body 3 needs to find a gap for routing from the operation handwheel 31, which not only results in a narrow wiring space for the signal wire 32 , the wiring is difficult, and the structural design difficulty is increased, and the signal line 32 is also easy to interfere with the pull wire 33 .
  • the cable 4 is usually inseparably arranged on the handle body 3 , which causes the cable 4 to be discarded together with the handle body 3 and significantly increases the cost.
  • the image signals of traditional endoscopes are transmitted by analog signals, and there is a problem that the image quality is not good due to the long transmission distance.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an endoscope handle, an endoscope and an endoscope system, which are used to reduce the operation burden of the handle body on the user and avoid external cables
  • the influence of the user's operation is also used to reduce the difficulty of routing the signal wire inside the handle body, and reduce the interference with the pull wire.
  • an endoscope handle which includes a handle body, the handle body includes a wire outlet for drawing out external cables; the handle body has a holding area, so The wire outlet is arranged on the side of the holding area facing the distal end of the handle body.
  • the present invention also provides an endoscope, comprising an insertion part and an endoscope handle; the insertion part is connected with the distal end of the endoscope handle; the endoscope also An image capture element is included, disposed at the distal end of the insertion portion, and used to capture images.
  • the present invention also provides an endoscope system, including an endoscope, an image processor and a display; the endoscope is communicatively connected to the image processor through a cable, and the An image processor is communicatively connected to the display.
  • the axis of the wire outlet forms an included angle with a predetermined direction, the included angle is less than or equal to 90°, and the predetermined direction is the direction in which the proximal end of the handle body points to the distal end.
  • the outlet is provided with a connector for plugging with an external cable.
  • the handle body further includes a multi-pass interface, the multi-pass interface and the holding area are arranged on the same side of the handle body, and the wire outlet and the multi-pass interface are arranged on the handle. opposite sides of the body;
  • the wire outlet is arranged at a position corresponding to the multi-way interface, or the wire outlet is arranged between the multi-way interface and an anti-break part, or the wire outlet is arranged on the anti-break part ;
  • the anti-breakage portion is located at the distal end of the handle body.
  • the material of the anti-fracture portion is a polymer material and is configured in a tapered structure, and the large diameter end of the anti-fracture portion is connected to the distal end of the handle body.
  • the endoscope handle further includes a signal adapter plate, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the handle body; the signal adapter plate is used to convert the analog signal of the image collected by the endoscope into a digital signal and output; the connector is used for receiving and outputting the digital signal output by the signal adapter board; the signal adapter board is connected with the connector through a signal line, or the connector is arranged in the on the signal transfer board.
  • a signal adapter plate which is arranged in the inner cavity of the handle body; the signal adapter plate is used to convert the analog signal of the image collected by the endoscope into a digital signal and output; the connector is used for receiving and outputting the digital signal output by the signal adapter board; the signal adapter board is connected with the connector through a signal line, or the connector is arranged in the on the signal transfer board.
  • the endoscope further includes a signal adapter board, and the image acquisition element is connected to the signal adapter board through a coaxial signal line, for transmitting the analog signal of the collected image to the signal an adapter board; the signal adapter board is used to convert the analog signal of the image into a digital signal and output it; the signal adapter board is arranged in the inner cavity of the insertion part, or the signal adapter board Set on the external cable.
  • an amplifier is arranged on the coaxial signal line.
  • the cable includes an inner cable and an outer cable, and the image acquisition element of the endoscope is connected to a connector at the outlet through the inner cable, and the connector is connected to the outer cable.
  • cable connection ;
  • the endoscope system further includes a sterile device for setting part of the external cable, and one end of the sterile bag is used for fixing on the connection outlet.
  • the wire outlet is provided with an anti-falling structure for preventing the aseptic device from falling off, and/or the wire outlet is provided with a limiting structure for limiting the aseptic device.
  • the aseptic device includes a sterile bag
  • the anti-shedding structure includes a protrusion formed on the outer surface of the thread outlet, and the protrusion is used to increase the size of the aseptic bag and the thread outlet. The frictional force of the surface contact of the mouth, and/or,
  • the limiting structure includes a ring of annular protrusions formed on the outer surface of the wire outlet, and the annular protrusions are used to be arranged inside the sterile bag and located at the end of the sterile bag to be fixed. side.
  • the sterile device includes a sterile bag, and one end of the sterile bag is ligated and fixed on the wire outlet.
  • the aseptic device further includes a sealing cover disposed at the wire outlet to seal the position where the wire outlet and the cable are connected.
  • the endoscope handle, endoscope and endoscope system of the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the present invention not only reduces the influence of the cable on the operator's hand or arm, but also reduces the hand-held part of the endoscope by arranging the wire outlet on the side of the grip area of the endoscope handle facing the distal end of the handle.
  • the burden on the operator increases the stability of the grip, and at the same time makes it easier to route the signal lines inside the handle, reduces the difficulty of wiring, simplifies the structural design inside the handle, and reduces the number of signal lines. Interference with the cable;
  • a connector for plugging with an external cable is arranged at the wire outlet, so that the external cable can be detachably arranged on the endoscope, and it is convenient to separate the external cable and the endoscope, thereby reducing the The cost of single-use endoscopes;
  • the present invention converts the analog signal of the image into a digital signal for transmission through the signal adapter board, which not only improves the stability of the image signal, but also improves the anti-interference of the image signal, so that the image quality of the output image signal is better. Okay;
  • the present invention integrates the two by arranging the connector on the signal transfer board, which simplifies the structure and reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the transmission line.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope in the prior art
  • 2a is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope at the handle body in the prior art
  • Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the state of holding the handle body in the prior art
  • Figure 2c is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the handle body in the prior art when the handle body is in a holding state;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of the state of holding the handle body in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the handle body in a holding state in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the handle body in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of image signal transmission in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of image signal transmission in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-video connector 2-light guide connector; 3-handle body; 31-operating handwheel; 32-signal cable; 33-pull cable; 4-cable; 5-insertion part;
  • each embodiment of the following description has one or more technical features, but this does not mean that the person using the present invention must implement all the technical features in any embodiment at the same time, or can only implement different embodiments separately.
  • One or all of the technical features of the .
  • those skilled in the art can selectively implement some or all of the technical features in any embodiment according to the disclosure of the present invention and depending on design specifications or implementation requirements, or The combination of some or all of the technical features in the multiple embodiments is selectively implemented, thereby increasing the flexibility of the implementation of the present invention.
  • the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents, and the plural forms “a plurality” include two or more referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” shall be To be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • proximal distal
  • distal is the relative orientation, relative position, orientation of elements or actions relative to each other from the perspective of the physician using the medical device, although “proximal”, “distal” “ is not limiting, but “proximal” generally refers to the end of the medical device that is closest to the physician during normal operation, and “distal” generally refers to the end that first enters the patient.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the endoscope system includes an endoscope 1000 , an image processor 2000 and a display 3000 .
  • the endoscope 1000 is connected in communication with the image processor 2000 through a cable 4000 .
  • the image processor 2000 and the display 3000 are connected in communication.
  • the image signal collected by the endoscope 1000 is transmitted to the image processor 2000 through the cable 4000 for processing. After processing and restoration, the image is displayed on the display 3000 for the doctor to observe and diagnose.
  • the endoscope 1000 is mainly an electronic endoscope, which can be either a reusable electronic endoscope or a disposable electronic endoscope.
  • the endoscope 1000 includes a handle body 1001 and an insertion portion 1002 .
  • the insertion portion 1002 is connected to the distal end of the handle body 1001 .
  • the endoscope 1000 further includes an image capturing element (not shown), which is disposed at the distal end of the insertion portion 1002 and is used for capturing images.
  • the image acquisition element is a CMOS element or a CCD element.
  • the proximal end of the handle body 1001 includes an operation control portion 1003, and the operation control portion 1003 includes an operation hand wheel 1031 (refer to FIG. 4b) for controlling the bending of the front end of the insertion portion 1002.
  • the operation hand wheel 1031 can be rotated to The pulling wire 1032 (refer to FIG.
  • the endoscope 1000 is held in a substantially vertical state, as shown in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b .
  • the proximal end of the handle body 1001 is in the upper position, and the distal end is the lower part. Location.
  • the handle body 1001 further includes a wire outlet 1004, and the function of the wire outlet 1004 is to lead out the external cable 4010 (refer to FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b).
  • the aforementioned cable 4000 is divided into an outer cable 4010 and an inner cable 4020, the outer cable 4010 is arranged outside the handle, and the inner cable 4020 is arranged inside the handle, but the two are structurally Can be one piece or split, no requirement.
  • drawing out the external cable 4010 through the cable outlet 1004 includes allowing a whole cable 4000 to enter and exit the cable outlet 1004, and also includes allowing the internal cable 4020 inside the handle to connect with the external cable 4010 outside the handle at the cable outlet 1004 , all of these methods can implement wired communication between the endoscope 1000 and the image processor 2000 .
  • the handle body 1001 has a holding area 1005 (refer to FIG. 4 a ), and the wire outlet 1004 is disposed on the side of the holding area 1005 facing the distal end of the handle body 1001 .
  • the holding area 1005 is the part on the handle body 1001 that is held by the user's hand or arm.
  • the axis of the wire outlet 1004 forms an included angle with a predetermined direction, the included angle is less than or equal to 90°, and the predetermined direction is the direction in which the proximal end of the handle body 1001 points to the distal end. More preferably, the angle formed by the axis of the wire outlet 1004 and the predetermined direction is less than 90° to form an acute angle arrangement.
  • the present invention does not specifically limit the specific position of the wire outlet 1004 , for example, it can be set at a position corresponding to a multi-way interface 1006 , and the wire outlet 1004 and the multi-way interface 1006 are arranged on opposite sides of the handle body 1001 . side, or the wire outlet 1004 is arranged between the multi-way interface 1006 and an anti-break part 1007 , or the wire outlet 1004 is directly arranged on the anti-break part 1007 .
  • the multi-channel interface 1006 and the holding area 1005 are arranged on the same side of the handle body 1001 .
  • the multi-way interface 1006 is mainly a three-way interface, and the three-way interface is connected to the instrument channel in the insertion portion 1002, which can not only provide a channel for the surgical instrument to enter and exit the handle, but also provide a liquid inlet channel or other functions.
  • the anti-break part 1007 is arranged at the distal end of the handle body 1001 and is used for connecting with the insertion part 1002.
  • the function of the anti-break part 1007 is to provide structural buffering, which is made of a slightly rigid polymer material, including but not limited to: Not limited to polyurethane and silicone.
  • the anti-fracture portion 1007 is generally a tapered structure, the large diameter end is connected to the distal end of the handle body 1001 , and the small diameter end is connected to the proximal end of the insertion portion 1002 . Since the present invention does not involve the improvement of the anti-break portion 1007 and the multi-way interface 1006, their structures will not be described in detail. In addition, it should be known that the wire outlet 1004 cannot be too close to the holding area 1005, and a certain distance usually needs to be reserved. For example, the wire outlet 1004 is preferably set at a position more than 5cm away from the holding area 1005.
  • the advantage of disposing the wire outlet 1004 in this way in the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. 4a , when the wire outlet 1004 is actually held, since the wire outlet 1004 is arranged at the lower part of the handle body 1001, and the direction is preferably slanted downward, at this time, when the external wire is drawn out After the cable 4010 is installed, not only the interference between the external cable 4010 at the cable outlet 1004 and the operator's hand or arm is avoided, but also the external cable 4010 sags naturally due to its own weight, which basically does not interfere with the operator's operation.
  • the wire outlet 1004 is arranged at the lower part of the handle body 1001, the center of gravity of the handle part will move down, which not only makes the grip more stable, but also greatly reduces the operation burden, making the operation more comfortable for the doctor.
  • the internal cable 4020 ie, the signal wire
  • the wheel 1031 finds a gap for wiring, which makes the wiring arrangement easier, which also simplifies the structure inside the handle designed for easy wiring, and greatly reduces the risk of interference with the pulling wire 1032 .
  • the inner cable 4020 and the outer cable 4010 may be an integrated cable, that is, a signal cable made of the two as a whole.
  • the acquisition element is connected, and the other end of the signal line is set outside the endoscope 1000 and connected to the image processor 2000 .
  • the cable outlet 1004 only provides a channel for the entire signal cable to enter and exit the handle, and the cable 4000 cannot be separated from the endoscope 1000.
  • the endoscope 1000 can be either a reusable endoscope or a A single-use endoscope, preferably a reusable endoscope.
  • the inner cable 4020 and the outer cable 4010 may also be split cables, that is, they are produced separately and finally connected together.
  • the cable outlet 1004 is provided with a connector, wherein , one end of the inner cable 4020 is connected to the image acquisition element, and the other end is connected to the connector, one end of the outer cable 4010 is used for plugging on the connector, and the other end is connected to the image processor 2000 .
  • the external cable 4010 can be separated from the endoscope 1000, and can be suitable for reusable endoscopes, especially for single-use endoscopes.
  • the present invention greatly reduces the use cost of the disposable endoscope by disposing the external cable 4010 and the handle body 1001 detachably.
  • the present invention does not limit the type of the connector, for example, the connector can be selected from common cable connector joints, such as male or female.
  • the cable connector joint can be selected from the aviation plug commonly used in the industry, or the spring thimble type connector, or the PCB plug, or the universal plug interface such as USB.
  • the external cable 4010 and the handle body 1001 can be arranged separately, the external cable 4010 can be reused. At this time, considering the actual usage scenario, the external cable 4010 needs to be protected. Because endoscopes are usually used in a sterile operating room, in order to prevent cross-infection caused by contamination of surgical instruments, both disposable endoscopes and reusable endoscopes must be sterilized before use. Therefore, for the reusable external cable 4010, aseptic protection is required for its insertion.
  • the endoscope system further includes a sterile device 5000 for disposing on the external cable 4010 , usually a portion of the external cable 4010 .
  • a sterile barrier is constructed by the sterile device 5000 to isolate the position where the external cable 4010 is connected to the connector and the connector from the external environment.
  • the sterile device 5000 is installed from the end where the external cable 4010 is connected to the connector, and the length of the external cable 4010 being aseptically isolated is usually more than 1 meter to protect the cable part in the operating room.
  • the aseptic device 5000 may include a sterile bag 5001 , and one end of the sterile bag 5001 is sealed and fixed on the wire outlet 1004 .
  • one end of the sterile bag 5001 is sealed and fixed on the wire outlet 1004 in a ligated manner, wherein the position shown by the hatched line is the ligation site S.
  • the wire outlet 1004 is preferably provided with an anti-dropping structure for preventing the aseptic bag 5001 from falling off.
  • the anti-falling structure may include first protrusions 1041 formed on the outer surface of the wire outlet 1004. The number and arrangement of the first protrusions 1041 are not required, for example, one or more rows of first protrusions are provided.
  • the function of the first protrusion 1041 is to increase the contact friction between the aseptic bag 5001 and the thread outlet 1004, thereby effectively reducing the risk of the aseptic bag 5001 falling off.
  • the wire outlet 1004 is provided with a limiting structure, which can limit the position on both sides of the fixed part of the sterile bag 5001, further preventing the sterile bag 5001 from falling off.
  • the position-limiting structure and the anti-dropping structure can be configured into one structure, which not only plays the role of anti-dropping, but also plays the role of limiting.
  • the limiting structure includes a second protrusion 1042, and the second protrusion 1042 is arranged inside the sterile bag 5001 and on one side of the ligation site S of the sterile bag 5001, preferably the first protrusion 1041 It is arranged on the other side of the ligation site S, so that the first protrusion and the second protrusion are used to limit the position on both sides of the ligation site S of the sterile bag 5001 .
  • the first protrusions 1041 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the wire outlet 1004
  • the second protrusions 1042 are continuous annular protrusions.
  • the aseptic device 5000 further includes a sealing cover (not shown), which is arranged at the wire outlet 1004 to seal the position where the wire outlet 1004 is connected with the external cable, so as to be able to perform underwater cleaning or extinguishing. Bacterial operation.
  • the inventor considers that electronic endoscopes are different from traditional optical endoscopes, and usually use CCD elements or CMOS elements to collect images, and convert the collected optical signals into electrical signals for transmission.
  • electrical signals are divided into analog signals and digital signals.
  • analog signals are easily attenuated and distorted during transmission, and are more susceptible to interference from external signals.
  • the part of the endoscope entering the human body is slender, and the endoscope is also connected to the rear image processor 2000 through a long cable 4000. Therefore, it can be considered that from the head end of the endoscope
  • the length of the transmission line where the image acquisition element starts to acquire the image signal is relatively long.
  • the transmission line length is the sum of the endoscope length plus the transmission length to the image processor.
  • the length of the transmission line of an electronic endoscope is more than 3 meters, and the attenuation and disturbance of the analog signal during the transmission process is particularly prominent, which will directly affect the image quality. Gastroscopy, duodenoscopy, choledochoscopy, colonoscopy, nephroscopy, etc. Therefore, when the endoscope adopts a CMOS element or a CCD element based on analog signal output, it is also necessary to solve the problem that the analog signal will be attenuated and easily subject to external interference when the image signal is transmitted to the image processor 2000 over a long distance.
  • CMOS element is used as an example of an image signal transmission line
  • those skilled in the art should be able to replace the CMOS element with a CCD element or other elements on the basis of the disclosure of the present application.
  • a typical output analog signal is a CMOS element. Therefore, the problem of long-distance and high-quality transmission of an analog signal of the CMOS element is first considered to reduce signal attenuation and interference.
  • the image transmission signal is only transmitted using conventional signal lines, the analog signal will be easily attenuated and interfered by external noise, resulting in very poor image quality of the image output to the display 3000, and a snow screen is likely to appear. , black screen, etc.
  • a coaxial signal line may be used to transmit the analog signal.
  • the above-mentioned inner cable 4020 and/or outer cable 4010 adopts coaxial signal wire (ie coaxial cable), which can protect the analog signal well, thereby reducing signal attenuation and avoiding external noise interference, Improve image quality.
  • coaxial signal wire ie coaxial cable
  • the cost of coaxial signal lines is expensive, and in special scenarios, such as the need to control costs or a disposable endoscope, it is not very suitable to use coaxial cables for the entire transmission line.
  • a signal transfer board 6000 is designed in the transmission line to convert analog signals unfavorable for long-distance transmission into digital signals for transmission, which can effectively solve the problems of attenuation and noise interference in long-distance transmission of analog signals.
  • the endoscope 1000 includes an image acquisition element 1021, and the image acquisition element 1021 is connected to the signal adapter board 6000 through a coaxial signal line, and is used for transmitting the analog signal of the acquired image to the signal
  • the adapter board 6000, the signal adapter board 6000 converts the analog signal of the image into a digital signal and outputs it, and the digital signal output by the signal adapter board 6000 is then transmitted to the image processor through the external cable 4010 2000.
  • the signal transfer board 600 is configured to convert the analog signal of the image into a serial signal or a parallel signal and output, and these signals can be transmitted over a long distance.
  • the present invention does not limit the structure and method of converting the analog signal into a digital signal by the signal adapter board 6000, and the existing analog/digital converter can be used for the realization of the analog/digital conversion.
  • the position of the signal transfer board 6000 is preferably as close as possible to the signal source.
  • the signal adapter board 6000 may be disposed in the inner cavity of the handle body 1001, or in the inner cavity of the insertion portion 1002, or may be disposed on the external cable 4010 and close to the signal source layout.
  • the signal adapter plate 6000 is disposed in the inner cavity of the handle body 1001 , which is not only close to the signal source, but also has enough space to install the signal adapter plate 6000 .
  • the signal adapter board 6000 is arranged at the outlet 1004, and is preferably integrated with the connector 1008, that is, the connector 1008 is arranged on the signal adapter board 6000, such as a USB interface on a PCB board.
  • the connector 1008 can also be connected to the signal adapter board 6000 in the handle through a signal wire.
  • the image acquisition element 1021 is connected to the signal adapter board 6000 through a coaxial signal line, and the signal adapter board 6000 is connected to the connector 1008 , which is connected to an external cable.
  • the digital signal can be directly transmitted to the image processor 2000 through the external cable 4010.
  • the connector 1008 is actually not conducive to signal transmission. If the connector 1008 is in the analog signal transmission section, the characteristic impedance of the connector 1008 and the signal line and the image acquisition element 1021 needs to be considered. Consistency; if the connector 1008 is in the digital signal transmission section, there is no such problem, so the design difficulty can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 the connector 1008 is in the digital signal transmission section
  • the signal transfer board 6000 and the connector 1008 are in a digital signal transmission mode, which can avoid the need to consider the consistency of the characteristic impedance of the connector 1008 and the signal line and the image acquisition element 1021. .
  • the present invention also proves the advantages of performing signal transfer processing through experiments. For example, after long-distance transmission, the image quality output by the image processor 2000 is poor, and after signal transfer processing, the signal is stable and less susceptible to interference. , the output quality is better. Among them, in the comparative experiment, the optical angular resolution of the endoscope is used as the imaging quality evaluation method.
  • an amplifier is arranged on the coaxial signal line between the image acquisition element 1021 and the signal adapter board 6000 .
  • the signal transfer board 6000 can also be configured with other auxiliary functions, such as configuring RFID circuits to record product usage data or production data, such as configuring PWM control of lighting circuits, or configuring One-time use of encrypted information of the disposable endoscope, or writing of the configuration product identification number (ie UDI information), etc.

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  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统，所述内窥镜系统包括内窥镜、图像处理器和显示器，所述内窥镜通过线缆与图像处理器通信连接，所述图像处理器与显示器通信连接。所述内窥镜包括手柄本体，所述手柄本体上设置有用于引出外部线缆的出线口，所述手柄本体具有一握持区，所述出线口设置在握持区朝向手柄本体远端的一侧。本发明的优点在于，减轻了使用者在握持内窥镜手柄时的负担，并增加了握持的稳定性，且降低了内部信号线的走线难度，并改善了图像信号传输的质量。

Description

内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统。
背景技术
内窥镜是一种常用的医疗器械，可被应用于各种检查和外科手术。与传统的外科手术相比，医用内窥镜的功能性微创伤手术已得到医生和患者的广泛接受。医用内窥镜只要利用人体天然孔洞或者在必要的时候开小孔，医生只要熟练地将内窥镜镜头深入体内，就能在体外进行体内的密闭手术操作。
传统的内窥镜手术是医生通过手柄本体手动控制内窥镜到达指定位置，然后进行相应手术操作。例如图1所示的内窥镜，包括手柄本体3，手柄本体3通过线缆4连接至光导接头2，光导接头2还通过线缆4连接至视频接头1，其中，光导接头2用于连接至光源的输出插口，以将光线由光源传送至内窥镜，视频接头1用于连接至图像处理器的输出插口，以观察内窥镜图像，手柄本体3用于控制整个内窥镜的操作。此外，在手术过程中，如图2a至图2c所示，医生需要握持手柄本体3进行操作，且内窥镜基本呈竖直状态，握持手柄本体3的拇指搭在手柄本体3的操作手轮31(即旋转机构)上控制插入部5的弯曲。但是，鉴于医生常用的手持姿势和操控内窥镜手柄操作手轮的姿势，当线缆4从手柄本体3的上部引出，且线缆4又通常为比较笨重的光纤(或者光束)，导致线缆4很容易干扰到医生的操作手或手臂，而且也容易导致手柄握持部分的重心上移，不仅造成握持不稳，而且增加了医生的操作负担，不利于手术操作。此外，操作手轮31以及对应的拉线33基本都集中在手柄的上部，因此，手柄本体3内的信号线32需要从操作手轮31处寻找空隙走线，不仅导致信号线32的布线空间狭窄，走线困难，而且增加了结构设计难度，且信号线32也容易与拉线33干涉。除此之外，对于一次性的内窥镜来说，线缆4通常不可分离地设置在手柄本体3上，导致线缆4会与手柄本体3一起废弃，显著增加了成本。还有，传统内窥镜的图像信号通过模 拟信号进行传输，存在由于传输距离长造成成像画质不好的问题。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统，用于减轻手柄本体对使用者的操作负担，并避免外部线缆对使用者操作的影响，还用于降低信号线在手柄本体内部的走线难度，减小与拉线的干涉等。
为实现上述目的或其它相关目的，本发明提供一种内窥镜手柄，包括一手柄本体，所述手柄本体包括用于引出外部线缆的出线口；所述手柄本体具有一握持区，所述出线口设置在所述握持区朝向手柄本体之远端的一侧。
为实现上述目的或其它相关目的，本发明还提供一种内窥镜，包括插入部和内窥镜手柄；所述插入部与所述内窥镜手柄的远端连接；所述内窥镜还包括图像采集元件，设置在所述插入部的远端，并用于采集图像。
为实现上述目的或其它相关目的，本发明还提供一种内窥镜系统，包括内窥镜、图像处理器和显示器；所述内窥镜通过线缆与所述图像处理器通信连接，所述图像处理器与所述显示器通信连接。
可选地，所述出线口的轴线与预定方向成夹角，所述夹角小于或等于90°，所述预定方向为所述手柄本体的近端指向远端的方向。
可选地，所述出线口设有用于与外部线缆插接的连接器。
可选地，所述手柄本体还包括多通接口，所述多通接口和所述握持区设置在所述手柄本体的同一侧，所述出线口和所述多通接口设置在所述手柄本体的相对两侧；
所述出线口设置于与所述多通接口相对应的位置，或者所述出线口设置于所述多通接口与一防折断部之间，或者所述出线口设置于所述防折断部上；
所述防折断部位于所述手柄本体的远端。
可选地，所述防折断部的材料为高分子材料并配置成锥形结构，所述防折断部的大径端与所述手柄本体的远端连接。
可选地，所述内窥镜手柄还包括信号转接板，设置在所述手柄本体的内腔中；所述信号转接板用于将内窥镜采集的图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号 并输出；所述连接器用于接收所述信号转接板所输出的所述数字信号并输出；所述信号转接板通过信号线与所述连接器连接，或者，所述连接器设置在所述信号转接板上。
可选地，所述内窥镜还包括信号转接板，所述图像采集元件通过同轴信号线与所述信号转接板连接，用于将所采集的图像的模拟信号传输至所述信号转接板；所述信号转接板用于将所述图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号并输出；所述信号转接板设置在所述插入部的内腔中，或者所述信号转接板设置在外部线缆上。
可选地，所述同轴信号线上布置有放大器。
可选地，所述线缆包括内部线缆和外部线缆，所述内窥镜的图像采集元件通过所述内部线缆与出线口处的连接器连接，所述连接器与所述外部线缆连接；
所述内窥镜系统还包括无菌装置，用于设置部分所述外部线缆上，且所述无菌袋的一端用于固定在连接出线口上。
可选地，所述出线口上设有用于防止所述无菌装置脱落的防脱落结构，和/或，所述出线口上设有用于限位所述无菌装置的限位结构。
可选地，所述无菌装置包括无菌袋，所述防脱落结构包括形成在所述出线口的外表面上的凸起，所述凸起用于增大所述无菌袋与所述出线口的表面接触的摩擦力，和/或，
所述限位结构包括形成在所述出线口的外表面上的一圈环形凸起，所述环形凸起用于设置在所述无菌袋的内部并位于所述无菌袋被固定的一端的一侧。
可选地，所述无菌装置包括无菌袋，所述无菌袋的一端被结扎固定在所述出线口上。
可选地，所述无菌装置还包括密封罩，设置在所述出线口处，以密封所述出线口和所述线缆相连接的位置。
本发明的内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统具有如下优点：
第一、本发明通过将出线口配置在内窥镜手柄的握持区朝向手柄远端的一侧，不仅减小了线缆对于操作者手或手臂的影响，而且减轻了内窥镜手持 部分对操作者的负担，从而增加了握持的稳定性，同时使信号线在手柄内部更容易排布走线，减小了走线难度，简化了手柄内部的结构设计，且还减少了信号线与拉线间的干扰；
第二、本发明通过在出线口处配置用于与外部线缆插接的连接器，方便将外部线缆可分离地设置在内窥镜上，便于分离外部线缆和内窥镜，从而降低一次性使用内窥镜的成本；
第三、本发明通过信号转接板将图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号进行传输，不仅提高了图像信号的稳定性，而且提高了图像信号的抗干扰性，使输出的图像信号的成像质量更好；
第四、本发明通过将连接器设置在信号转接板上，使两者集成为一体，简化了结构，降低了传输线路的制作难度。
附图说明
附图用于更好地理解本发明，不构成对本发明的不当限定。其中：
图1为现有技术中内窥镜的结构示意图；
图2a为现有技术中内窥镜于手柄本体处的结构示意图；
图2b为现有技术中握持手柄本体的状态示意图；
图2c为现有技术中手柄本体处于握持状态时的内部结构示意图；
图3为本发明优选实施例中内窥镜系统的结构示意图；
图4a为本发明优选实施例中握持手柄本体的状态示意图；
图4b为本发明优选实施例中手柄本体处于握持状态时的内部结构示意图；
图5为本发明优选实施例中手柄本体的局部放大图；
图6为本发明优选实施例中图像信号传输的原理图；
图7为本发明另一优选实施例中图像信号传输的原理图。
附图标记说明如下：
1-视频接头；2-光导接头；3-手柄本体；31-操作手轮；32-信号线；33-拉线；4-线缆；5-插入部；
1000-内窥镜；
1001-手柄本体；
1002-插入部；1021-图像采集元件；
1003-操作控制部；1031-操作手轮；1032-拉线；
1004-出线口；1041-第一凸起；1042-第二凸起；
1005-握持区；
1006-多通接口；
1007-防折断部；
1008-连接器
2000-图像处理器；
3000-显示器；
4000-线缆；4010-外部线缆；4020-内部线缆；
5000-无菌装置；5001-无菌袋；
6000-信号转接板。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需要说明的是，本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。
另外，以下说明内容的各个实施例分别具有一或多个技术特征，然此并不意味着使用本发明者必需同时实施任一实施例中的所有技术特征，或仅能分开实施不同实施例中的一部或全部技术特征。换句话说，在实施为可能的前提下，本领域技术人员可依据本发明的公开内容，并视设计规范或实作需求，选择性地实施任一实施例中部分或全部的技术特征，或者选择性地实施多个实施例中部分或全部的技术特征的组合，借此增加本发明实施时的弹性。
如在本说明书中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象，复数形式“多个”包括两个以上的对象，除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本说明书中所使用的，术语“或”通常是以包括“和/或”的含义而进行使用的，除非内容另外明确指出外，以及术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接。可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接。可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
为使本发明的目的、优点和特征更加清楚，以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。附图中相同或相似的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。
在本文中，术语“近端”、“远端”是从使用该医疗器械的医生角度来看相对于彼此的元件或动作的相对方位、相对位置、方向，尽管“近端”、“远端”并非是限制性的，但是“近端”通常指该医疗设备在正常操作过程中靠近医生的一端，而“远端”通常是指首先进入患者体内的一端。
图3示出了本发明优选实施例中内窥镜系统的结构示意图。如图3所示，所述内窥镜系统包括内窥镜1000、图像处理器2000和显示器3000。所述内窥镜1000通过线缆4000与图像处理器2000通信连接。所述图像处理器2000和显示器3000通信连接。所述内窥镜1000所采集的图像信号通过线缆4000传输至图像处理器2000进行处理，经处理还原后，将图像在显示器3000上进行显示，供医生观察和诊断。所述内窥镜1000主要是电子内窥镜，既可以是重复使用的电子内窥镜，也可以是一次性使用的电子内窥镜。
所述内窥镜1000包括手柄本体1001和插入部1002。所述插入部1002与手柄本体1001的远端连接。所述内窥镜1000还包括图像采集元件(未图示)，设置在插入部1002的远端，并用于采集图像。本实施例中，所述图像采集元件为CMOS元件或CCD元件。所述手柄本体1001的近端包括有操作控制部1003，所述操作控制部1003包括用于控制插入部1002前端弯曲的操作手轮1031(参阅图4b)，所述操作手轮1031可旋转而带动固定在其上的拉线1032 (参阅图4b)运动而实现对插入部1002前端弯曲的控制。应知晓，在实际操作中，所述内窥镜1000基本呈竖直状态握持，即图4a和图4b所示，此时，手柄本体1001的近端处于上部位置，而远端即为下部位置。
其中，所述手柄本体1001还包括出线口1004，所述出线口1004的作用是引出外部线缆4010(参阅图4a和图4b)。此处，应理解，本文中，将前述线缆4000划分为外部线缆4010和内部线缆4020，外部线缆4010设置在手柄外部，内部线缆4020设置在手柄内部，但两者在结构上可以是一体或分体的，没有要求。还应理解，通过出线口1004引出外部线缆4010包括允许一整根线缆4000进出出线口1004，还包括允许手柄内部的内部线缆4020与手柄外部的外部线缆4010在出线口1004处连接，这些方式均可实现内窥镜1000与图像处理器2000的有线通信。
此外，所述手柄本体1001具有一握持区1005(参阅图4a)，且所述出线口1004设置在握持区1005朝向手柄本体1001之远端的一侧。所述握持区1005即为手柄本体1001上给使用者的手或手臂握持的部位。进一步的，所述出线口1004的轴线与预定方向成夹角，所述夹角小于或等于90°，所述预定方向为手柄本体1001的近端指向远端的方向。更优选的，所述出线口1004的轴线与预定方向所形成的夹角小于90°而成锐角布置，这样设置的好处在于，握持时，使出线口1004的方向朝斜下方，进而在引出外部线缆4010后，便于外部线缆4010更好的避开握持区1005，而且还便于进一步降低手柄的重心，减轻握持负担。
进一步的，本发明对出线口1004的具体位置没有特别的限定，例如可设置在与一多通接口1006相对应的位置，所述出线口1004和多通接口1006设置在手柄本体1001的相对两侧，或者所述出线口1004设置于多通接口1006与一防折断部1007之间，或者所述出线口1004直接设置于防折断部1007上。所述多通接口1006和握持区1005设置在手柄本体1001的同一侧。所述多通接口1006主要为三通接口，三通接口与插入部1002内的器械通道连接，不仅可提供手术器械进出手柄的通道，而且还可提供进液通道或其他功能。所述防折断部1007设置在手柄本体1001的远端，用于与插入部1002连接，所述防折断部1007的作用是提供结构缓冲，其由稍有硬度的高分子材料制成， 包括但不限于聚氨酯和硅胶。所述防折断部1007通常为锥形结构，大径端与手柄本体1001的远端连接，小径端与插入部1002的近端连接。由于本发明不涉及对防折断部1007、多通接口1006的改进，故对它们的结构不作详细描述。此外，应知晓，所述出线口1004不能与握持区1005靠得太近，通常需要预留一定距离，例如出线口1004优选设置在距离握持区1005 5cm以上的位置。
本发明将出线口1004如此配置的好处在于，如图4a所示，在实际握持时，由于出线口1004设置在手柄本体1001的下部，且方向优选朝向斜下方，此时，在引出外部线缆4010后，不仅避免了出线口1004处的外部线缆4010与操作者的手或手臂的干涉，而且外部线缆4010也会因为自身重量自然下垂，基本上不会干扰到操作者的操作。并且由于出线口1004设置在手柄本体1001的下部，会让握持手柄部分的重心下移，不仅握持更稳定，而且操作负担大大降低，使医生操作更舒适。不仅于此，如图4b所示，在实际握持时，由于出线口1004设置在手柄本体1001的下部，使得手柄本体1001内部的内部线缆4020(即信号线)不需要从上部的操作手轮1031处寻找空隙走线，使得走线排布时更加轻松，从而也简化了手柄内部为方便走线所设计的结构，并大幅降低了与拉线1032的干涉风险。
本实施例中，所述内部线缆4020和外部线缆4010可以是一体式线缆，即两者为一体制作的信号线，信号线的一端通过出线口1004进入内窥镜1000，并与图像采集元件连接，信号线的另一端设置在内窥镜1000外并与图像处理器2000连接。此时，所述出线口1004仅提供整根信号线进出手柄的通道，且线缆4000与内窥镜1000不可分离，此时的内窥镜1000既可以是重复使用的内窥镜，也可是一次性使用的内窥镜，优选为重复使用的内窥镜。
在其他实施例中，所述内部线缆4020和外部线缆4010还可以是分体式线缆，即两者分开制作，最后连接在一起，此时，所述出线口1004设有连接器，其中，所述内部线缆4020的一端与图像采集元件连接，另一端连接至连接器，所述外部线缆4010的一端用于插接在连接器上，另一端与图像处理器2000连接。此时，所述外部线缆4010与内窥镜1000可分离，可适用于重复使用的内窥镜，尤其适用于一次性使用的内窥镜。应理解，对于一次性使用 的内窥镜来说，现有是将整根线缆直接从手柄本体引出，导致需要将进入人体的插入部1002和与之相连的手柄本体1001一并抛弃，使得需要抛弃部分的物料成本大幅提高，而对于使用一次性内窥镜的用户而言，会将成本降低放在较高的优先级，因而合理的节省物料和降低成本是首要需求。而本发明通过将外部线缆4010与手柄本体1001可分离地设置，大大降低了一次性内窥镜的使用成本。本发明对连接器的种类没有限定，例如所述连接器可选用常用的线缆连接器接头，如公头或母头均可。例如线缆连接器接头可选用行业内常用的航空插头，或者弹簧顶针式连接器，或者PCB插接，或者USB等通用插接口形式。
进一步的，倘若外部线缆4010与手柄本体1001可分离设置，则外部线缆4010可重复使用，此时，考虑到实际的使用场景，需要对外部线缆4010进行必要的防护。因为内窥镜通常的使用环境为无菌的手术操作室，为了防止手术器械的污染导致的交叉感染，无论是一次性内窥镜还是重复使用的内窥镜，在使用前都必须处于灭菌后的状态，因此，对于重复使用的外部线缆4010而言，需要对其插接做无菌防护。
如图5所示，所述内窥镜系统还包括无菌装置5000，用于设置在外部线缆4010上，通常为一部分外部线缆4010上。从而通过所述无菌装置5000构建起一无菌屏障，将外部线缆4010与连接器相连的位置以及连接器与外部环境隔绝。一般，从外部线缆4010与连接器相连接的一端开始设置无菌装置5000，外部线缆4010被无菌隔离的长度通常为1米以上，以对处于手术操作室的线缆部分进行防护。进一步的，所述无菌装置5000可包括无菌袋5001，所述无菌袋5001的一端密封固定在出线口1004上。优选的，如图5所示，将无菌袋5001的一端以结扎的方式密封固定在出线口1004上，其中，剖面线所示的位置即为结扎部位S。进一步的，所述出线口1004上优选设置有防脱落结构，用于防止无菌袋5001脱落。所述防脱落结构可包括第一凸起1041，形成在出线口1004的外表面上，第一凸起1041的数量和排布方式没有要求，例如设置一排或多排第一凸起。所述第一凸起1041的作用为增大无菌袋5001与出线口1004间的接触摩擦力，有效降低无菌袋5001脱落的风险。进一步的，所述出线口1004上设置有限位结构，可在无菌袋5001被固定的部位的 两侧进行限位，进一步防止无菌袋5001脱落。进一步优选的，所述限位结构和防脱落结构可被配置成一个结构，既起到防脱落的作用，又起到限位作用。例如所述限位结构包括第二凸起1042，第二凸起1042设置在无菌袋5001的内部，并设置在无菌袋5001的结扎部位S的一侧，优选所述第一凸起1041设置在结扎部位S的另一侧，从而通过第一凸起和第二凸起在无菌袋5001的结扎部位S的两侧进行限位。可选的，所述第一凸起1041沿出线口1004的周向间隔布置，所述第二凸起1042为连续的一圈环形凸起。应知晓，此处的定位和防脱落方式仅作为示意，不构成对本发明的限定。进一步的，所述无菌装置5000还包括密封罩(未图示)，用于设置在出线口1004处，以密封出线口1004和外部线缆相连接的位置，以便能进行水下清洗或灭菌操作。
进一步的，发明人考虑到电子内窥镜不同于传统的光学内窥镜，通常利用CCD元件或者CMOS元件采集图像，并将采集到的光信号转变为电信号进行传输。但是电信号分为模拟信号和数字信号，一般而言，模拟信号容易在传输过程中衰减失真，也更容易受到外部信号的干扰。鉴于内窥镜实际适用场景，内窥镜进入人体的部分细长，内窥镜也通过较长的线缆4000连接到后方的图像处理器2000，因此，可以认为，从内窥镜的头端图像采集元件采集图像信号开始的传输线路的长度较长。应理解，传输线路长度是内窥镜长度，加上到图像处理器的传输长度总和。一般的，电子内窥镜的传输线路长度在3米以上，模拟信号在传输过程中的衰减和受扰问题就尤其凸显，会直接影响到图像画质，这类内窥镜常见有支气管镜、胃镜、十二指肠镜、胆道镜、肠镜、肾镜等。因此，当内窥镜采用基于模拟信号输出的CMOS元件或CCD元件时，还需要解决长距离传输图像信号至图像处理器2000时，模拟信号会发生衰减，并且容易受到外部干扰的问题。
以下描述中，虽然以CMOS元件为例的图像信号传输线路进行说明，但本领域技术人员应当能够在本申请公开内容的基础上，将CMOS元件替换为CCD元件或其他元件。本实施例中，考虑到典型的输出模拟信号的为CMOS元件，为此，通过首先考虑解决CMOS元件的模拟信号长距离高质量传输问题，减少信号的衰减和受干扰。
发明人发现，在基于模拟信号的CMOS元件中，图像信号需要经过信号 线来进行传输，距离接收信号的图像处理器2000约有4米。在此情景下，如果图像传输信号仅仅使用常规的信号线线路加以传输，那么模拟信号会非常容易衰减，并受到外部噪声干扰，导致输出到显示器3000的图像的画质非常差，容易出现雪花屏、黑屏等问题。
为了解决图像信号通过模拟信号进行长距离传输所存在的上述问题，在一些实施例中，可采用同轴信号线传送模拟信号。例如，上述内部线缆4020和/或外部线缆4010采用同轴信号线(即同轴线缆)，能对模拟信号起到很好的保护作用，由此降低信号衰减和避免外部噪声干扰，改善成像画质。然而，同轴信号线的成本昂贵，在特殊场景，如需要控制成本或者一次性使用的内窥镜情况下，不是很适合整段传输线路全部使用同轴线缆。
较佳地，在传输线路中设计一块信号转接板6000，将不利于长距离传输的模拟信号转换成数字信号进行传输，可有效解决模拟信号长距离传输存在的衰减、噪声干扰问题。
如图6所示，所述内窥镜1000包括图像采集元件1021，所述图像采集元件1021通过同轴信号线与信号转接板6000连接，用于将所采集的图像的模拟信号传输至信号转接板6000，所述信号转接板6000再将所述图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号并输出，且所述信号转接板6000输出的数字信号再通过外部线缆4010传输至图像处理器2000。进一步的，所述信号转接板600被配置为用于将所述图像的模拟信号转换为串行信号或并行信号并输出，这些信号均可实现长距离传输。本发明对信号转接板6000实现将模拟信号转换为数字信号的结构和方式不作限定，模/数转换的实现方式可采用现有的模/数转换器。此外，信号转接板6000的位置，以尽量接近信号源为佳。本发明实施例中，所述信号转接板6000既可以设置在手柄本体1001的内腔中，也可以设置在插入部1002的内腔中，还可以设置在外部线缆4010上并接近信号源布置。较佳的，所述信号转接板6000设置在手柄本体1001的内腔中，不仅接近信号源，而且还具有足够的空间来安装信号转接板6000。更优选的，所述信号转接板6000设置在出线口1004处，且优选与连接器1008集成为一体，也即连接器1008设置在信号转接板6000上，如在PCB板上设置USB接口即可实现连接器1008和信号转接板6000的集成，这样做，简化了传输线路的 结构，降低了设计难度。在其他实施例中，所述连接器1008也可通过信号线与手柄内的信号转接板6000连接。
如图7所示，所述图像采集元件1021通过同轴信号线与信号转接板6000连接，且所述信号转接板6000与连接器1008连接，所述连接器1008在插接外部线缆4010后，可直接将数字信号通过外部线缆4010传输给图像处理器2000。此外，应知晓，在信号传输线路中，连接器1008实际是不利于信号传输的，如果连接器1008处于模拟信号传输段，则需要考虑连接器1008与信号线以及图像采集元件1021的特性阻抗的一致性；如果连接器1008处于数字信号传输段，则没有此问题，故可以降低设计难度。较佳的，如图7所示，信号转接板6000与连接器1008之间为数字信号传输方式，可以避免需要考虑连接器1008与信号线以及图像采集元件1021的特性阻抗的一致性的问题。此外，信号转接板6000建议不设置在插入部1002的内腔中，因为插入部1002的镜管较细，内腔尺寸小，空间有限，如果选用尺寸小的芯片，将信号转接板6000集成化，则放置在靠近信号源的插入部1002的镜管内更合适。
进一步的，本发明还通过实验证明了执行信号转接处理的优势，如长距离传输后，图像处理器2000输出的图像画质较差，而有信号转接处理后，信号稳定，不易受干扰，输出画质更好。其中在对比实验中，采用内窥镜光学角分辨力来作为成像质量评价方法。
进一步为了减少传输过程中衰减带来的问题，优选在同轴信号线上设置放大器，例如在图像采集元件1021和信号转接板6000之间的同轴信号线上布置放大器。进一步的，所述信号转接板6000除了具有模数转换功能外，还可配置其他辅助功能，如配置RFID电路，用以记录产品使用数据或生产数据，如配置照明线路的PWM控制，或者配置一次性内窥镜的一次性使用加密信息，或者配置产品标识号(即UDI信息)的写入等。
虽然本发明披露如上，但并不局限于此。本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，包括一手柄本体，所述手柄本体包括用于引出外部线缆的出线口；所述手柄本体具有一握持区，所述出线口设置在所述握持区朝向手柄本体之远端的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，所述出线口的轴线与预定方向成夹角，所述夹角小于或等于90°，所述预定方向为所述手柄本体的近端指向远端的方向。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，所述出线口设有用于与外部线缆插接的连接器。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，所述手柄本体还包括多通接口，所述多通接口和所述握持区设置在所述手柄本体的同一侧，所述出线口和所述多通接口设置在所述手柄本体的相对两侧；
    所述出线口设置于与所述多通接口相对应的位置，或者所述出线口设置于所述多通接口与一防折断部之间，或者所述出线口设置于所述防折断部上；
    所述防折断部位于所述手柄本体的远端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，所述防折断部的材料为高分子材料并配置成锥形结构，所述防折断部的大径端与所述手柄本体的远端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的内窥镜手柄，其特征在于，还包括信号转接板，设置在所述手柄本体的内腔中；所述信号转接板用于将内窥镜采集的图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号并输出；所述连接器用于接收所述信号转接板所输出的所述数字信号并输出；所述信号转接板通过信号线与所述连接器连接，或者，所述连接器设置在所述信号转接板上。
  7. 一种内窥镜，其特征在于，包括插入部和如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的内窥镜手柄；所述插入部与所述内窥镜手柄的远端连接；
    所述内窥镜还包括图像采集元件，设置在所述插入部的远端，并用于采集图像。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的内窥镜，其特征在于，还包括信号转接板；
    所述图像采集元件通过同轴信号线与所述信号转接板连接，用于将所采集的图像的模拟信号传输至所述信号转接板；所述信号转接板用于将所述图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号并输出。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的内窥镜，其特征在于，所述信号转接板设置在所述内窥镜手柄的内腔中，或者所述信号转接板设置在所述插入部的内腔中，或者所述信号转接板设置在外部线缆上；
    当所述信号转接板设置在所述内窥镜手柄的内腔时，所述内窥镜手柄的出线口设有用于与外部线缆插接的连接器；所述连接器用于接收所述信号转接板所输出的所述数字信号并输出；所述信号转接板通过信号线与所述连接器连接，或者，所述连接器设置在所述信号转接板上。
  10. 一种内窥镜系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求7所述的内窥镜、图像处理器和显示器；所述内窥镜通过线缆与所述图像处理器通信连接，所述图像处理器与所述显示器通信连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述内窥镜还包括信号转接板，所述图像采集元件通过同轴信号线与所述信号转接板连接，用于将所采集的图像的模拟信号传输至所述信号转接板；所述信号转接板用于将所述图像的模拟信号转换为数字信号并输出；且所述同轴信号线上设置有放大器。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述线缆包括内部线缆和外部线缆，所述内窥镜的图像采集元件通过所述内部线缆与所述出线口处的连接器连接，所述连接器与所述外部线缆连接；
    所述内窥镜系统还包括无菌装置，用于设置在部分所述外部线缆上，且所述无菌装置的一端用于固定在所述出线口上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述出线口上设有用于防止所述无菌装置脱落的防脱落结构，和/或，所述出线口上设有用于限位所述无菌装置的限位结构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述无菌装置包括无菌袋，所述防脱落结构包括形成在所述出线口的外表面上的凸起，所述凸起用于增大所述无菌袋与所述出线口的表面接触的摩擦力，和/或，
    所述限位结构包括形成在所述出线口的外表面上的一圈环形凸起，所述环形凸起用于设置在所述无菌袋的内部并位于所述无菌袋被固定的一端的一侧。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述无菌装置包括无菌袋，所述无菌袋的一端被结扎固定在所述出线口上。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述无菌装置还包括密封罩，设置在所述出线口处，以密封所述出线口和所述线缆相连接的位置。
PCT/CN2021/102414 2020-09-28 2021-06-25 内窥镜手柄、内窥镜和内窥镜系统 WO2022062514A1 (zh)

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