WO2022062511A1 - 射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质 - Google Patents

射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062511A1
WO2022062511A1 PCT/CN2021/102395 CN2021102395W WO2022062511A1 WO 2022062511 A1 WO2022062511 A1 WO 2022062511A1 CN 2021102395 W CN2021102395 W CN 2021102395W WO 2022062511 A1 WO2022062511 A1 WO 2022062511A1
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circuit
antenna
radio frequency
receiving circuit
switching
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PCT/CN2021/102395
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English (en)
French (fr)
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董健
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022062511A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062511A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to, but are not limited to, the field of radio frequency communications, and specifically relate to, but are not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver circuit, a switching method, a terminal device, and a storage medium.
  • the antenna switching scheme is to switch the main transmitter and the main receiver as a whole transceiver circuit, and such overall switching often leads to SAR (Specific Absorption Rate, electromagnetic wave absorption ratio or specific absorption rate). Exceed the standard, and the SAR exceeds the standard, and the transmit power must be reduced. Therefore, for the overall transceiver performance, it is not as good as before the handover, resulting in an unsatisfactory handover effect.
  • SAR Specific Absorption Rate, electromagnetic wave absorption ratio or specific absorption rate
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit, switching method, terminal device, and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application aim to solve the following technical problems at least to a certain extent: The problem of limited RF transceiver performance.
  • a radio frequency transceiver circuit including a main transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, and at least two antennas; the at least two antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna, and the main transmitting circuit is working It is connected to the first antenna in the state, and is fixed to transmit signals through the first antenna; the receiving circuit includes a main set receiving circuit and a diversity receiving circuit, and the main set receiving circuit is connected to the first antenna through a switching circuit. Or the second antenna is connected to receive signals, and the diversity receiving circuit is connected to the antenna that is not connected to the main set receiving circuit to receive signals through the switching circuit; The connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit, the diversity receiving circuit and each antenna is described.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a radio frequency switching method, including: detecting the current signal reception quality of a terminal device; the terminal device includes the above-mentioned radio frequency transceiver circuit; when it is detected that the current signal reception quality of the terminal device is less than or equal to a preset threshold At the time, the switching circuit is controlled to switch the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit, the diversity receiving circuit and each antenna.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, a communication bus, and the above-mentioned radio frequency transceiver circuit; the communication bus is configured to realize connection and communication between the processor, the memory, and the radio frequency transceiver circuit; The processor is configured to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the radio frequency switching method described above.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the above-mentioned radio frequency switching steps of the method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency transceiver circuit according to various embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another radio frequency transceiver circuit according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another radio frequency transceiver circuit according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a radio frequency switching method according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal device according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit includes a main transmitting circuit 10, a receiving circuit and at least two antennas; the at least two antennas include a first antenna 31 and a second antenna 32, the main The transmitting circuit 10 is connected to the first antenna 31 in the working state, and is fixed to transmit signals through the first antenna 31; The first antenna 31 or the second antenna 32 is connected to receive signals, and the diversity receiving circuit 22 is connected to the antenna that is not connected to the main set receiving circuit 21 through the switching circuit 40 to receive signals; the switching circuit 40 is set to satisfy the antenna switching. When conditions are met, the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit 21, the diversity receiving circuit 22 and each antenna is switched.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit is a circuit set on the terminal device to send and receive radio frequency signals. Most of the radio frequency signals communicate with the base station. Of course, radio frequency communication can also be achieved with other devices through the radio frequency transceiver circuit.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit set on the terminal device generally includes at least two antennas, and each antenna can have both the radio frequency transmission function and the radio frequency reception function, or can only have the radio frequency transmission function and only the radio frequency reception function.
  • the antennas in the embodiments of the present application include at least a first antenna 31 and a second antenna 32, and the difference numbers of the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 only indicate that the two antennas have a difference in position, indicating that the terminal There are at least two antennas, and the specific shapes of the antennas are not limited.
  • the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 can be applied as a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna or a transmitting and receiving antenna.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing, frequency division duplexing) radio frequency circuit, or a TDD (Time Division Duplexing, time division duplexing) radio frequency circuit;
  • Duplex means that the uplink (terminal equipment to base station) and downlink (base station to terminal equipment) use two separate frequencies (with a certain frequency interval requirement) to work, and this mode works on a symmetrical frequency band.
  • FDD is suitable for wireless communication systems that provide a single wireless frequency channel for each user.
  • FDD technology provides two definite frequency bands for each user: the forward frequency band and the reverse frequency band.
  • the forward frequency band (also called the forward channel) provides the signal transmission channel (downlink channel) from the base station to the mobile user, and the reverse frequency band
  • the frequency band (also called the reverse channel) provides the signal transmission channel (uplink channel) from the mobile user to the base station.
  • any duplex channel is actually composed of two simplex channels, utilizing devices called duplexers in the user and base station, allowing simultaneous wireless transmission and reception on the duplex channel.
  • the frequency separation of the forward channel and the reverse channel is fixed in the whole system. In order to minimize the mutual interference between the forward band and the reverse band on each user channel, the frequency should be used within the frequency spectrum of the communication system. The separation is as large as possible.
  • the transmitting circuit corresponds to the upstream channel, and the receiving circuit is applied to the downstream channel.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the reception and transmission are in the same frequency channel, that is, different time slots of the carrier, and the reception and transmission channels are separated by guaranteed time; while the reception and transmission of the mobile communication system of FDD mode are separated by two symmetrical On the frequency channel, the guaranteed frequency band is used to separate the receive and transmit channels.
  • the uplink and downlink channels use the same frequency, so there is reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels, which brings many advantages to the mobile communication system of the TDD mode.
  • the transmission of information in the uplink and downlink can be performed on the same carrier frequency, that is, the transmission of information in the uplink and the transmission of information in the downlink are realized by time division on the same carrier.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit in this embodiment includes a main transmitting circuit 10 and a receiving circuit.
  • the main transmitting circuit 10 is connected to the first antenna 31 , and is fixed to transmit signals through the first antenna 31 . It is indicated here that the main transmitting circuit 10 is not switched in the embodiment of the present application, and the antennas thereof have a fixed connection relationship, and the transmitting antennas will not be switched.
  • the connection between the main transmitting circuit 10 and the first antenna 31 only indicates the fixedness of the antenna connected to the main transmitting circuit 10, and does not limit which antenna it is.
  • the main transmitting circuit 10 can also be connected with the second antenna.
  • the antenna 32 is connected or connected to other antennas, as long as the radio frequency transmission link thereof is fixed. Wherein, in this embodiment, the main transmission chain includes the above-mentioned main transmission circuit 10 and the connected antenna.
  • the receiving circuit includes a main set receiving circuit 21 and a diversity receiving circuit 22 .
  • Diversity reception technology is a main anti-fading technology, which can greatly improve the reliability of multipath fading channel transmission. In actual mobile communication systems, mobile stations often work in urban buildings or other complex geographical environments, and The speed and direction of movement are arbitrary. Diversity reception technology is considered to be a significantly effective and economical anti-fading technology.
  • the basic idea of diversity is to separate the received multipath signals into uncorrelated (independent) multipath signals, and then combine the energies of these multipath signal separation signals according to certain rules to maximize the received useful signal energy. , thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal. Therefore, diversity reception includes two aspects: one is how to separate the received multipath signals to make them irrelevant, and the other is to properly combine the separated multipath signals to obtain the maximum signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Macro diversity is also called multi-base station diversity, and its main function is to resist slow fading.
  • multiple base stations are set at different physical positions (such as the diagonal of a cell), and transmit the same signal at the same time, and the mobile station in the cell selects the best base station to communicate with it. , in order to reduce the slow fading of the signal caused by terrain, ground objects and atmosphere.
  • the terminal equipment will combine the signals received from the main set receive link and the diversity receive link to obtain the diversity gain, so the diversity gain here is the receive gain.
  • Diversity reception is mainly to counteract the influence of fast fading on the received signal. Since the multipath component signal is generated due to interference such as reflection during the transmission process, the receiving end uses multiple antennas to receive signals from different paths at the same time, and then selects and combines these signals into one. The total signal to reduce the influence of signal fading, which is called diversity reception. Diversity is to combine the scattered signals in a concentrated manner. As long as several signals are independent of each other, the maximum signal gain can be obtained after proper combination.
  • the main set receiving chain includes the above-mentioned main set receiving circuit 21 and the connected antenna; the diversity receiving chain is similar, including the diversity receiving circuit 22 and the connected antenna.
  • the main set receiving circuit 21 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 are both used for receiving radio frequency signals; the two receive signals through different antennas, and if the main set receiving circuit 21 is connected to the first antenna 31 for signal reception, then the diversity The receiving circuit 22 is connected to the second antenna 32 to receive signals.
  • the main set receiving circuit 21 or the diversity receiving circuit 22 can also be connected to other antennas, as long as they are connected to different antennas.
  • the switching circuit 40 is connected to the main set receiving circuit 21 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 at the same time, and its function is to switch the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit 21, the diversity receiving circuit 22 and the antenna.
  • the switching may at least include exchanging the antennas connected to the main set receiving circuit 21 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 . That is to say, if the main set receiving circuit 21 is connected to the first antenna 31 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 is connected to the second antenna 32, then the main set receiving circuit 21 can be connected to the second antenna 32 through the switching circuit 40, and the diversity receiving circuit 21 can be connected to the second antenna 32.
  • the circuit 22 is connected to the first antenna 31 .
  • the switching circuit 40 may specifically include a double-pole double-throw switch circuit, that is, a DPDT.
  • a switch circuit 50 may also be provided on the lines connecting the main transmitting circuit 10 and the receiving circuit to the first antenna 31 .
  • the function of the switch circuit 50 is that when the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit share one antenna, that is, a signal switching device of the first antenna 31, it can realize the isolation between the transmitting signal and the receiving signal, and ensure that the transmitting signal is only transmitted to the antenna, The received signal is only transmitted to the receiver in the terminal equipment.
  • the specific composition of the switch circuit 50 may be a duplexer Diplexer 51 .
  • One end of the duplexer 51 is connected to the main transmitting circuit 10 and the receiving circuit, and the other end is connected to the first antenna 31 .
  • Both the main set receiving circuit 21 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 in the receiving circuit can be connected to the first antenna 31 through the duplexer 51 , please refer to FIG. 2 .
  • a filter 60 may also be included, and the filter 60 is generally only provided on the receiving circuit without a duplexer, and the filter 60 is provided on the line connecting the receiving circuit to the antenna. According to the different transceiver functions of the antennas, the filter 6060 may be set only on some of the antennas, or may be set on all the antennas. If the receiving circuit is connected with a duplexer, then there is no need to dispose the filter 60, so the filter 60 is generally only disposed between the receiving circuit without the duplexer and the antenna. When applied to the FDD radio frequency circuit, at least the second antenna 32 is provided with a filter 60 , please refer to FIG. 3 .
  • the first antenna 31 is arranged below the terminal equipment, and the second antenna 32 is arranged above the terminal equipment;
  • its antenna is usually set on the casing of the terminal, and there are at least two antennas, which are respectively set on the top and bottom of the terminal equipment; the antenna at the bottom is usually held by the user, and if the antenna is held dead by the user , then in some situations in this field, it may happen that the radio frequency signal cannot be received; at this time, the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit 21 and the diversity receiving circuit 22 and the antenna can be switched by the switching circuit 40 to solve this problem. question.
  • the diversity receiving circuit 22 may include at least one; when the diversity receiving circuit 22 includes at least two, in the working state, each diversity receiving circuit 22 is connected to a different antenna. Multiple diversity receiving links can be set on the terminal device to improve the strength and stability of RF signal reception; however, if multiple diversity receiving links are set, the antennas connected to the corresponding diversity receiving circuits 22 are different. The number can also be increased accordingly.
  • This embodiment provides a radio frequency transceiver circuit, including a main transmitting circuit 10, a receiving circuit, and at least two antennas; the at least two antennas include a first antenna 31 and a second antenna 32, and the main transmitting circuit 10 is in operation with the first antenna 31 and the second antenna.
  • An antenna 31 is connected and fixedly transmits signals through the first antenna 31;
  • the receiving circuit includes a main set receiving circuit 21 and a diversity receiving circuit 22, and the main set receiving circuit 21 communicates with the first antenna 31 or the second antenna 32 through the switching circuit 40
  • the diversity receiving circuit 22 is connected to the antenna that is not connected to the main receiving circuit 21 through the switching circuit 40 to receive signals;
  • the switching circuit 40 is set to switch the main receiving circuit 21 when the antenna switching condition is satisfied , the connection relationship between the diversity receiving circuit 22 and each antenna.
  • the main transmitting circuit 10 and the main receiving circuit 21 are split, and only the receiving circuit is switched during switching, which avoids the SAR exceeding the standard caused by the switching of the main transmitting antenna, and can effectively improve the radio frequency.
  • the received signal quality of the receive link improves the performance of RF transceiver.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment provides a radio frequency switching method, see FIG. 4 , the radio frequency switching method includes:
  • the terminal device includes the radio frequency transceiver circuit in the embodiment of the present application;
  • the radio frequency switching method in this embodiment includes the radio frequency transceiver circuit in the above embodiment; when the switching conditions are met, the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit, the diversity receiving circuit and each antenna can be switched through the switching circuit.
  • the radio frequency switching method in this embodiment only switches the connection relationship between the receiving circuit and the antenna in the direction of radio frequency reception, and does not involve the switching of the main transmitting circuit, thereby avoiding the switching of the main transmitting circuit. circuit, causing the problem of SAR exceeding the standard, and effectively utilizing the radio frequency performance of the radio frequency transmitting circuit.
  • the quality of the radio frequency signal received by the main set receiving circuit is priority.
  • the method further includes:
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit switches the connection relationship between the main set receiving circuit, the diversity receiving circuit and each antenna through the switching circuit, the quality of the received radio frequency signal is stronger, then it indicates that the switching is normal, and the large The probability is that the user's posture of holding the terminal device affects the signal strength, so better quality of the received RF signal can be obtained after switching; and if the receiving quality of the RF signal is worse after switching by the switching circuit, it means that the The probability is that the signal strength of the environment is poor.
  • connection method with the best signal receiving strength can be taken; if it is a dual antenna If there are multiple antennas, you can try to switch between multiple antennas to find the best signal reception quality.
  • This embodiment also provides a terminal device, please refer to FIG. 5 , which includes a processor 51, a memory 52, a communication bus 53, and the radio frequency transceiver circuit 54 in the above embodiment;
  • the communication bus 53 is configured to realize the connection communication between the processor 51, the memory 52 and the radio frequency transceiver circuit 54;
  • the processor 51 is configured to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory 52, so as to implement the steps in the radio frequency switching methods in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium embodied in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules, or other data volatile or nonvolatile, removable or non-removable media.
  • Computer-readable storage media include but are not limited to RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory, read-only memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable read only memory) ), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, Or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory
  • flash memory or other memory technology
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-
  • the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment may be used to store one or more computer programs, and the stored one or more computer programs may be executed by one or more processors, so as to implement the radio frequency transceiver circuits in the foregoing embodiments A step of.
  • This embodiment also provides a computer program (or computer software), which can be distributed on a computer-readable medium and executed by a computable device, so as to implement the steps of the radio frequency transceiver circuit in the foregoing embodiments; And in some cases, at least one of the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that described in the above embodiments.
  • a computer program or computer software
  • This embodiment also provides a computer program product, including a computer-readable device, where the computer program as shown above is stored on the computer-readable device.
  • the computer-readable device may include the computer-readable storage medium as described above.
  • the radio frequency transceiver circuit includes a main transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, and at least two antennas; the at least two antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna , the main transmitting circuit is connected to the first antenna in the working state, and fixedly transmits signals through the first antenna; the receiving circuit includes a main set receiving circuit and a diversity receiving circuit, and the main set receiving circuit is connected with the first antenna or the first antenna through the switching circuit.
  • the two antennas are connected to receive signals, and the diversity receiving circuit is connected to the antenna that is not connected to the main receiving circuit to receive signals through the switching circuit; the switching circuit is set to switch the main receiving circuit and the diversity receiving circuit when the antenna switching conditions are met.
  • the connection relationship between the circuit and each antenna Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the main transmitting circuit and the main receiving circuit are split, and only the receiving circuit is switched during switching, which avoids the SAR exceeding the standard caused by the switching of the main transmitting antenna, and can effectively improve the radio frequency.
  • the received signal quality of the receive link improves the performance of RF transceiver.
  • the functional modules/units in the system, and the device can be implemented as software (which can be implemented by computer program codes executable by a computing device). ), firmware, hardware, and their appropriate combination.
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical components Components execute cooperatively.
  • Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit .
  • communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art medium. Therefore, the present application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

一种射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质，射频收发电路包括主发射电路(10)、接收电路以及至少两个天线；主发射电路(10)在工作状态下与第一天线(31)连接，并固定通过第一天线(31)进行信号的发射；接收电路包括主集接收电路(21)和分集接收电路(22)，主集接收电路(21)通过切换电路(40)与第一天线(31)或第二天线(32)连接进行信号的接收，分集接收电路(22)通过切换电路(40)与未和主集接收电路(21)连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；切换电路(40)被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换主集接收电路(21)、分集接收电路(22)与各天线之间的连接关系。

Description

射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202011015196.3、申请日为2020年9月24日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及但不限于射频通信领域，具体而言，涉及但不限于一种射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质。
背景技术
随着射频技术的发展，手机等终端所支持的频段越来越多，同时射频性能的要求越来越高，对各种测试场景的测试要求也越来越苛刻。基于改善手持状态性能的优化也出现了很多技术，如天线上下切换技术等。但是在本领域一些情形中，天线切换方案是将主发射和主接收作为一个整体的收发电路进行切换，而这样整体切换，往往会导致SAR(Specific Absorption Rate，电磁波吸收比值或比吸收率)的超标，而SAR超标，又必须将发射功率降低，因此对于整体收发性能而言，反而不如切换之前，导致切换效果不理想。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供的射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质，旨在至少一定程度上解决以下技术问题：在本领域一些情形中，终端上的射频收发电路的切换方式不合理，导致射频收发性能受限的问题。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种射频收发电路，包括主发射电路、接收电路以及至少两个天线；所述至少两个天线包括第一天线和第二天线，所述主发射电路在工作状态下与第一天线连接，并固定通过所述第一天线进行信号的发射；所述接收电路包括主集接收电路和分集接收电路，所述主集接收电路通过切换电路与所述第一天线或第二天线连接进行信号的接收，所述分集接收电路通过切换电路与未和主集接收电路连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；所述切换电路被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换所述主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
本申请实施例还提供一种射频切换方法，包括：检测终端设备当前的信号接收质量；所述终端设备中包括上述的射频收发电路；当检测到终端设备当前的信号接收质量小于等于预设阈值时，控制所述切换电路，切换所述主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
本申请实施例还提供一种终端设备，包括处理器、存储器、通信总线以及上述的射频收发电路；所述通信总线被设置成实现所述处理器、存储器以及射频收发电路之间的连接通信；所述处理器被设置成执行所述存储器中存储的一个或者多个计算机程序，以实现上述的射频切换方法的步骤。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序，所述一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现上述的射频切换方法的步骤。
本申请其他特征和相应的有益效果在说明书的后面部分进行阐述说明，且应当理解， 至少部分有益效果从本申请说明书中的记载变的显而易见。
附图说明
图1为本申请各实施例的射频收发电路结构示意图；
图2为本申请各实施例的另一射频收发电路结构示意图；
图3为本申请各实施例的另一射频收发电路结构示意图；
图4为本申请各实施例的射频切换方法图；
图5为本申请各实施例的终端设备组成示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
实施例一：
本实施例提供了一种射频收发电路，请参见图1，该射频收发电路包括主发射电路10、接收电路以及至少两个天线；至少两个天线包括第一天线31和第二天线32，主发射电路10在工作状态下与第一天线31连接，并固定通过第一天线31进行信号的发射；接收电路包括主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22，主集接收电路21通过切换电路40与第一天线31或第二天线32连接进行信号的接收，分集接收电路22通过切换电路40与未和主集接收电路21连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；切换电路40被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换主集接收电路21、分集接收电路22与各天线之间的连接关系。
射频收发电路是设置在终端设备上，用于发送和接收射频信号的电路，其中射频信号大多是与基站之间进行通信，当然，也可以与其他设备之间，通过射频收发电路实现射频通信。终端设备上所设置的射频收发电路，一般包括至少两个天线，各个天线可以同时具备射频发送功能和射频接收功能，或者是可以仅具备射频发送功能，以及仅具备射频接收功能。为了便于说明，本申请实施例中的天线至少包括第一天线31和第二天线32，该第一天线31和第二天线32的区别编号仅表示两个天线有位置上的差别，表示终端上设置有至少两个天线，而并未限定天线的具体形态有何异同。在特定的使用环境中，第一天线31和第二天线32可以作为发送天线、接收天线或者是收发天线来进行应用。
本申请实施例中的射频收发电路，可以应用在FDD(Frequency Division Duplexing，频分双工)射频电路，或者是TDD(Time Division Duplexing，时分双工)射频电路中；其中，FDD，即频分双工，是指上行链路(终端设备到基站)和下行链路(基站到终端设备)采用两个分开的频率(有一定频率间隔要求)工作，该模式工作在对称频带上。FDD适用于为每个用户提供单个无线频率信道的无线通信系统。FDD技术为每一个用户提供了两个确定的频段：前向频段和反向频段，前向频段(也称为前向信道)提供从基站到移动用户的信号传输信道(下行信道)，反向频段(也称为反向信道)提供从移动用户到基站的信号传输信道(上行信道)。在FDD中，任何双工信道实际上都是由两个单工信道所组成的，利用在用户和基站里的称为双工器的设备，允许同时在双工信道上进行无线发射和接收。前向信道和反向信道的频率分隔在整个系统中，是固定的，为了尽量减少每一个用户信道上前向波段与反向波段之间的相互干扰，应在通信系统的频谱范围内使频率分隔尽可能大一些。发射电路对应于上行信道，接收电路应用于下行信道。
TDD，即时分双工，是一种通信系统的双工方式，在移动通信系统中用于分离接收和传 送信道。TDD模式的移动通信系统中接收和传送是在同一频率信道即载波的不同时隙，用保证时间来分离接收与传送信道；而FDD模式的移动通信系统的接收和传送是在分离的两个对称频率信道上，用保证频段来分离接收与传送信道。
采用不同双工模式的移动通信系统特点与通信效益是不同的。TDD模式的移动通信系统中上下行信道用同样的频率，因而具有上下行信道的互惠性，这给TDD模式的移动通信系统带来许多优势。
在TDD模式中，上行链路和下行链路中信息的传输可以在同一载波频率上进行，即上行链路中信息的传输和下行链路中信息的传输是在同一载波上通过时分实现的。
本实施例中的射频收发电路，包括主发射电路10和接收电路。其中，主发射电路10，与第一天线31连接，且固定通过第一天线31进行信号的发射。此处表示，主发射电路10在本申请实施例中是不进行切换的，其天线之间有固定的连接关系，不会切换发送天线。而主发射电路10与第一天线31连接，只是表示主发射电路10所连接的天线的固定性，而没有限定具体是哪个天线，本领域技术人员知晓此处主发射电路10也可以与第二天线32连接，或者是连接其他天线，只要其射频发送链路是固定的即可。其中，在本实施例中，主发射链路，包括上述的主发射电路10和所接入的天线。
接收电路包括主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22。分集接收技术是一项主要的抗衰落技术，可以大大提高多径衰落信道传输下的可靠性，在实际的移动通信系统中，移动台常常工作在城市建筑群或其他复杂的地理环境中，而且移动的速度和方向是任意的。分集接收技术被认为是明显有效而且经济的抗衰落技术。分集的基本思想是将接收到的多径信号分离成不相关的(独立的)多路信号，然后把这些多路信号分离信号的能量按一定的规则合并起来，使接收到的有用信号能量最大，进而提高接收信号的信噪比。因此，分集接收包括两个方面的内容：一是如何把接收的多径信号分离出来使其互不相关，二是将分离出来的多径信号恰当合并，以获得最大信噪比。
分集分为宏观分集和微观分集两大类。宏观分集也称为多基站分集，其主要作用是抗慢衰落。例如，在移动通信系统中，把多个基站设置在不同的物理位置上(如蜂窝小区的对角线上)，同时发射相同的信号，小区内的移动台选择其中最好的基站与之通信，以减小地形、地物及大气等对信号造成的慢衰落。
分集接收链路，只接收不发送，终端设备会把从主集接收链路和分集接收链路收到的信号进行合并处理，从而获得分集增益，因此这里的分集增益是接收增益。
分集接收主要是为了抵消快衰落对接收信号的影响，由于信号在传输过程中因反射等干扰产生多径分量信号，接收端利用多天线同时接收不同路径的信号，然后将这些信号选择、合并成总的信号，以减轻信号衰落的影响，这叫分集接收。分集就是把分散得到的信号集中合并，只要几个信号之间是相互独立的，经恰当的合并后就能得到最大的信号增益。
在本实施例中，主集接收链路包括上述的主集接收电路21和所连接的天线；分集接收链路类似，包括分集接收电路22和所连接的天线。
主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22均是用于射频信号的接收的；两者通过不同的天线接收信号，而如果主集接收电路21，连接第一天线31来进行信号的接收，那么分集接收电路22，则连接第二天线32来进行信号的接收。当然，如果具有更多的天线，也可以将主集接收电路21或者分集接收电路22与其他天线连接，只要两者接入的是不同的天线即可。
切换电路40同时连接在主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22上，其作用在于，对主集接收电路21、分集接收电路22与天线之间的连接关系进行切换。该切换，至少可以包括将主集接收电路21，和分集接收电路22所连接的天线进行调换。也就是说，如果主集接收电路21连接的第一天线31，分集接收电路22连接的第二天线32，那么通过切换电路40可以将主集接收电路21连接于第二天线32，将分集接收电路22连接于第一天线31。
在一些实施例中，切换电路40具体可以包括双刀双掷开关电路，即DPDT。
在一些实施例中，在主发射电路10和接收电路连接至第一天线31的线路上，还可以设置有开关电路50。开关电路50的作用在于当发射电路和接收电路共用一个天线，即第一天线31时的一种信号转接装置，可以实现发射信号和接收信号之间的隔离，确保发射信号只向天线传输，接收信号只传向终端设备内的接收机。在应用于FDD射频电路中时，该开关电路50的具体组成可以是双工器Diplexer51。该双工器51一侧两端连接主发射电路10和接收电路，另一侧连接第一天线31。接收电路中的主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22，都可以通过双工器51与第一天线31连接，请参考图2。
在一些实施例中，还可以包括滤波器60，滤波器60一般仅设置在未设置双工器的接收电路上，且滤波器60设置于接收电路连接至天线的线路上。根据天线的收发功能的不同，滤波器6060可以仅设置在其中一些天线上，或者是所有天线均有设置。如果接收电路连接有双工器，那么就无需再设置滤波器60，因此滤波器60一般仅设置在未连接有双工器的接收电路与天线之间。在应用于FDD射频电路中时，至少在第二天线32上，设置有滤波器60，请参考图3。
在一些实施例中，第一天线31设置于终端设备的下方，第二天线32设置于终端设备的上方；在初始状态下，主发射电路10和分集接收电路22均与第一天线31连接。对于终端设备而言，其天线通常设置在终端的外壳上，至少具有两个天线，分别设置在终端设备的顶部和底部；其中底部的天线通常会被用户握持，而如果天线被用户握死，那么在本领域一些情形中就可能出现接收不到射频信号的情况；此时，则可以通过切换电路40切换主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22与天线之间的连接关系，来解决这个问题。
在一些实施例中，分集接收电路22可以包括至少一个；当分集接收电路22包括至少两个时，在工作状态下，各分集接收电路22接入不同的天线。终端设备上可以设置多个分集接收链路来提升射频信号接收的强度和稳定性；而如果设置多个分集接收链路，对应的各分集接收电路22所连接的天线是不同的，因此天线的数量也可以相应的增加设置。
本实施例提供了一种射频收发电路，包括主发射电路10、接收电路以及至少两个天线；至少两个天线包括第一天线31和第二天线32，主发射电路10在工作状态下与第一天线31连接，并固定通过第一天线31进行信号的发射；接收电路包括主集接收电路21和分集接收电路22，主集接收电路21通过切换电路40与第一天线31或第二天线32连接进行信号的接收，分集接收电路22通过切换电路40与未和主集接收电路21连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；切换电路40被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换主集接收电路21、分集接收电路22与各天线之间的连接关系。从而，本申请实施例将主发射电路10和主集接收电路21进行了拆分，在切换时仅进行接收电路上的切换，避免了主发射天线切换造成的SAR超标，又可以有效的提升射频接收链路的接收信号质量，提升了射频收发的性能。
实施例二：
本实施例提供了一种射频切换方法，请参见图4，该射频切换方法包括：
S401、检测终端设备当前的信号接收质量；终端设备中包括本申请实施例中的射频收发电路；
S402、当检测到终端设备当前的信号接收质量小于等于预设阈值时，控制切换电路，切换主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
本实施例中的射频切换方法包括上述实施例中的射频收发电路；在满足切换条件时，可以通过切换电路，切换主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
其中，本实施例中的射频切换方法，仅针对射频接收的方向上，对接收电路上与天线之间的连接关系进行切换，并不涉及到主发射电路的切换，从而避免了因切换主发射电路，引起SAR超标的问题，有效利用了射频发射电路的射频性能。
在检测终端设备当前的信号接收质量时，可以仅检测主集接收电路所接收到的射频信号的质量，也就是说，射频接收信号的质量，以主集接收电路所接受到的射频信号质量为优先。
在一些实施例中，在切换主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系之后，还包括：
比对终端设备在切换前后的信号接收质量；
当切换之后信号接收质量更高时，切换完成；当切换之后信号接收质量更低时，切换回切换之前的连接关系。如果射频收发电路，在经过切换电路切换了主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系之后，所接收到的射频信号质量更强，那么则表明此次切换是正常的，大概率是因为用户握持终端设备的姿势影响了信号强度，因此经过切换就可以得到更好的接收射频信号质量；而如果在经过切换电路切换之后，射频信号的接收质量更差，这则说明大概率是环境的信号强度差，此时切换主集接收电路和分集接收电路与天线之间的连接关系并不能改善射频信号的接收，因此可以取信号接收强度最好的连接方式；如果是双天线的终端，那么则可以直接通过切换电路切换回去；如果有多个天线，那么可以尝试在多个天线之间切换，以找到最佳的信号接收质量。
实施例三：
本实施例还提供了一种终端设备，请参考图5，其包括处理器51、存储器52、通信总线53以及上述实施例中的射频收发电路54；
通信总线53被设置成实现处理器51、存储器52和以及射频收发电路54之间的连接通信；
处理器51被设置成执行存储器52中存储的一个或者多个计算机程序，以实现上述各实施例中的射频切换方法中的步骤，这里不再赘述。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、计算机程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性或非易失性、可移除或不可移除的介质。计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)，ROM(Read-Only Memory，只读存储器)，EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory，带电可擦可编程只读存储器)、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，光盘只读存储器)，数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。
本实施例中的计算机可读存储介质可用于存储一个或者多个计算机程序，其存储的一 个或者多个计算机程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现上述各实施例中的射频收发电路的步骤。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机程序(或称计算机软件)，该计算机程序可以分布在计算机可读介质上，由可计算装置来执行，以实现上述各实施例中的射频收发电路的步骤；并且在某些情况下，可以采用不同于上述实施例所描述的顺序执行所示出或描述的至少一个步骤。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机可读装置，该计算机可读装置上存储有如上所示的计算机程序。本实施例中该计算机可读装置可包括如上所示的计算机可读存储介质。
根据本发明本申请实施例提供的射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质，射频收发电路包括主发射电路、接收电路以及至少两个天线；至少两个天线包括第一天线和第二天线，主发射电路在工作状态下与第一天线连接，并固定通过第一天线进行信号的发射；接收电路包括主集接收电路和分集接收电路，主集接收电路通过切换电路与第一天线或第二天线连接进行信号的接收，分集接收电路通过切换电路与未和主集接收电路连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；切换电路被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。从而，本发明本申请实施例将主发射电路和主集接收电路进行了拆分，在切换时仅进行接收电路上的切换，避免了主发射天线切换造成的SAR超标，又可以有效的提升射频接收链路的接收信号质量，提升了射频收发的性能。
可见，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件(可以用计算装置可执行的计算机程序代码来实现)、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。
此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、计算机程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。所以，本申请不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本申请实施例所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本申请的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种射频收发电路，包括主发射电路、接收电路以及至少两个天线；所述至少两个天线包括第一天线和第二天线，所述主发射电路在工作状态下与第一天线连接，并固定通过所述第一天线进行信号的发射；所述接收电路包括主集接收电路和分集接收电路，所述主集接收电路通过切换电路与所述第一天线或第二天线连接进行信号的接收，所述分集接收电路通过切换电路与未和主集接收电路连接的天线连接进行信号的接收；所述切换电路被设置成在满足天线切换条件时，切换所述主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的射频收发电路，其中，所述切换电路包括双刀双掷开关电路。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的射频收发电路，其中，在所述主发射电路和接收电路连接至所述第一天线的线路上，还设置有开关电路。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的射频收发电路，其中，所述开关电路包括双工器；还包括滤波器，所述滤波器设置在未设置所述双工器的接收电路上，且所述滤波器设置于所述接收电路连接至天线的线路上。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的射频收发电路，其中，所述第一天线设置于终端设备的下方，所述第二天线设置于终端设备的上方；在初始状态下，所述主发射电路和分集接收电路均与所述第一天线连接。
  6. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的射频收发电路，其中，当所述分集接收电路包括至少两个时，在工作状态下，各所述分集接收电路接入不同的所述天线。
  7. 一种射频切换方法，包括：
    检测终端设备当前的信号接收质量；所述终端设备中包括如权利要求1-6任一项所述的射频收发电路；
    当检测到终端设备当前的信号接收质量小于等于预设阈值时，控制所述切换电路，切换所述主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的射频切换方法，其中，在所述切换所述主集接收电路、分集接收电路与各天线之间的连接关系之后，还包括：
    比对终端设备在切换前后的信号接收质量；
    当切换之后信号接收质量更高时，切换完成；当切换之后信号接收质量更低时，切换回切换之前的连接关系。
  9. 一种终端设备，包括处理器、存储器、通信总线以及如权利要求1-6任一项所述的射频收发电路；
    所述通信总线被设置成实现所述处理器、存储器以及射频收发电路之间的连接通信；
    所述处理器被设置成执行所述存储器中存储的一个或者多个计算机程序，以实现如权利要求7或8所述的射频切换方法的步骤。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有一个或者多个计算机程序，其中，所述一个或者多个计算机程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求7或8所述的射频切换方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2021/102395 2020-09-24 2021-06-25 射频收发电路、切换方法、终端设备和存储介质 WO2022062511A1 (zh)

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