WO2022057194A1 - 防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置及储能系统 - Google Patents

防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置及储能系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022057194A1
WO2022057194A1 PCT/CN2021/074506 CN2021074506W WO2022057194A1 WO 2022057194 A1 WO2022057194 A1 WO 2022057194A1 CN 2021074506 W CN2021074506 W CN 2021074506W WO 2022057194 A1 WO2022057194 A1 WO 2022057194A1
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Prior art keywords
external port
detection signal
management system
battery management
external
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PCT/CN2021/074506
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柳奇凡
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东莞新能安科技有限公司
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Application filed by 东莞新能安科技有限公司 filed Critical 东莞新能安科技有限公司
Priority to JP2023517648A priority Critical patent/JP2023541304A/ja
Priority to EP21868034.6A priority patent/EP4199288A4/en
Priority to AU2021345628A priority patent/AU2021345628A1/en
Publication of WO2022057194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022057194A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method, electrochemical device and energy storage system.
  • Photovoltaic inverters can convert the DC energy output by photovoltaic (photovoltaic, PV) cells into AC power with the same frequency, same phase, and same amplitude as the grid through power conversion technology, and transmit power to the grid.
  • photovoltaic photovoltaic
  • an anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method, electrochemical device and energy storage system which can output a detection signal by detecting the parameters of the external port, and then determine whether there is a reverse connection between the external port and the external device, which has a cost.
  • the advantages of low power consumption, high safety performance, high detection accuracy, and wide detection range can significantly improve the safety and stability of the battery.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an anti-reverse-connection protection circuit, which is applied in an electrochemical device.
  • the anti-reverse-connection protection circuit includes a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a battery management system; the first detection unit and The second detection unit is electrically connected to the external port of the electrochemical device and the battery management system, and the first detection unit and the first detection unit are used to detect the parameters of the external port; when the external port When electrically connected to an external device, the first detection unit is further configured to output a first detection signal to the battery management system according to the parameters of the external port, and the second detection unit is further configured to output a first detection signal to the battery management system according to the parameters of the external port.
  • the parameter outputs a second detection signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system determines whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
  • the parameters of the external port are detected in real time by the first detection unit and the second detection unit, and the first detection signal and the second detection signal are respectively output to the battery management system, so that the first detection signal and the second detection signal can be respectively output to the battery management system.
  • the detection signal and the second detection signal determine whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected, and can accurately identify the reverse connection problem of the external port. It has the advantages of low cost, high safety performance, high detection accuracy, and wide detection range. Improve the safety and stability of the battery.
  • the battery management system determines that the external port is connected to the The external device mentioned above is connected.
  • the battery management system determines that the external port is reversely connected to the external device, wherein all The first threshold is less than the second threshold, and the third threshold is greater than the fourth threshold. Therefore, the battery management system can determine whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal, which can significantly improve the safety and stability of the battery.
  • the first detection unit includes an amplifier, a first input end of the amplifier is grounded, and a second input end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the first end of the external port through a first resistor, In order to detect the parameters of the external port, the second input end of the amplifier is also electrically connected to the output end of the amplifier through a second resistor, and the output end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the battery management system.
  • the amplifier is connected to the external port to detect the parameter of the external port, and according to the parameter, it is judged whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected.
  • the second detection unit includes a diode, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, a first end of the third resistor is grounded, and a second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the fourth resistor
  • the first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the external port, and the node between the first end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the third resistor is electrically connected
  • the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the node between the first end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the third resistor, and the anode of the diode is grounded.
  • the parameter includes a voltage of an external port, wherein when the external port is reversely connected to the external device, the external port has a first voltage, and when the external port is connected to the external device When the external device is being connected, the external port has the second voltage.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit further includes a switch unit, the switch unit is electrically connected to a power supply circuit between the cell unit and the external port, and the switch unit is used to control the power supply The turn-on or turn-off of the loop.
  • the battery management system when the battery management system determines that the external port is reversely connected to an external device according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal, it outputs a first control signal to the switch unit to drive the switch unit off; when the battery management system determines that the external port is connected to an external device according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal, it outputs a second control signal to the switch unit, which drives the switch unit to be turned on. Therefore, when there is a problem of reverse connection of the external port, the battery management system can control the switch unit to be turned off, so as to protect the safety of the battery in time. When the external port is connected to the external device, the battery management system can control the switch unit to be turned on, so that the battery can be charged and discharged normally.
  • the battery management system includes a micro-control unit, the first detection unit outputs a first detection signal to the first pin of the micro-control unit according to the parameters of the external port, the The second detection unit outputs a second detection signal to the second pin of the micro-control unit according to the parameters of the external port.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an anti-reverse connection protection method, which is applied to an electrochemical device.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection method includes: detecting parameters when an external port of the electrochemical device is connected to an external device; When the external port is electrically connected to the external device, the first detection unit and the second detection unit respectively output a first detection signal and a second detection signal to the battery management system according to the parameters of the external port; the battery management system The first detection signal and the second detection signal determine whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected. Therefore, the battery management system in the embodiment of the present application can determine whether the external port is reversely connected to the external device according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal, can accurately identify the reverse connection problem of the external port, and has low cost and safety performance. It has the advantages of high detection accuracy, wide detection range, etc., which can significantly improve the safety and stability of the battery.
  • the battery management system determines that the external port is connected to the external port.
  • the external device is connected directly; when the signal value of the first detection signal is greater than the third threshold and the signal value of the second detection signal is less than the fourth threshold, it is determined that the external port is reversely connected to the external device, wherein all The first threshold is less than the second threshold, and the third threshold is greater than the fourth threshold.
  • the battery management system when the battery management system determines that the external port is reversely connected to the external device, the battery management system outputs a first control signal to the switch unit to drive the switch unit to turn off; wherein, the The switch unit is electrically connected to the power supply circuit between the cell unit and the external port, and the switch unit is used to control the on or off of the power supply circuit.
  • the battery management system when the battery management system determines that the external port is connected to the external device, the battery management system outputs a second control signal to the switch unit to drive the switch unit to be turned on.
  • the parameter includes a voltage of an external port, wherein when the external port is reversely connected to the external device, the external port has a first voltage, and when the external port is connected to the external device When the external device is being connected, the external port has the second voltage.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrochemical device, the electrochemical device includes a cell unit, an external port and the anti-reverse connection protection circuit as described above, the switch unit is electrically connected to the cell unit and the In the power supply loop of the external port, the switch unit is used to control the on or off of the power supply loop.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage inverter and the electrochemical device described above, where the electrochemical device is electrically connected to the energy storage inverter.
  • the energy storage system further includes a photovoltaic assembly electrically connected to the energy storage inverter.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method, electrochemical device, and energy storage system judge whether there is a reverse connection problem by detecting the parameters of the external port, and output a detection signal when the external port is reversely connected to the external device to the battery management system.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method and electrochemical device provided by the embodiments of the present application have low cost, high safety performance, high detection accuracy, and wide detection range, and can significantly improve the safety and stability of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the charger detection circuit in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of steps of a charger detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first detection unit 12 The first detection unit 12
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 according to the present application.
  • the electrochemical device 100 may be electrically connected to an external device 200 .
  • the electrochemical device 100 includes an anti-reverse connection protection circuit 10 , a cell unit 20 and an external port 30 .
  • the external port 30 is used to electrically connect the external device 200 .
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit 10 is electrically connected to the external port 30 for detecting and identifying the external port 30 and the external device 200 being connected directly or reversely.
  • the external device 200 in the embodiment of the present application may include a photovoltaic (photovoltaic, PV) component 210 and an energy storage inverter (power conversion system, PCS) 220, and the photovoltaic component 210 is electrically connected to the Energy storage inverter 220 .
  • a photovoltaic (photovoltaic, PV) component 210 and an energy storage inverter (power conversion system, PCS) 220, and the photovoltaic component 210 is electrically connected to the Energy storage inverter 220 .
  • PCS power conversion system
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit 10 includes a first detection unit 12 , a second detection unit 14 , a battery management system (BMS) 16 and a switch unit 18 .
  • BMS battery management system
  • the first detection unit 12 and the second detection unit 14 are both used to electrically connect the external port 30 of the electrochemical device 100 and the battery management system 16 .
  • the first detection unit 12 And the second detection unit 14 can detect the parameters of the external port 30 when the external port 30 is electrically connected to the external device 200 .
  • the parameter of the external port 30 may be a voltage value.
  • the first detection unit 12 may output a first detection signal to the battery according to the parameters of the external port 30 Management system 16 .
  • the second detection unit 14 can output a second detection signal to the battery management system 16 according to the parameters of the external port 30 .
  • the battery management system 16 in the embodiment of the present application can determine whether the external port 30 and the external device 200 are reversely connected according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
  • the first detection unit 12 and the second detection unit 14 detect the parameters of the external port 30, and this When , the first detection unit 12 will inversely reduce the reverse connection voltage of the external port 30, and transmit the arithmetically processed signal to the battery management system 16, that is, the first detection unit 12 can A first detection signal is output to the battery management system 16 according to the parameters of the external port 30 .
  • the second detection unit 14 can also output a second detection signal to the battery management system 16 according to the parameters of the external port 30 .
  • the battery management system 16 determines that the external port 30 is connected to the external device 200 reverse connection.
  • the battery management system 16 determines that the external port 30 is directly connected to the external device 200 .
  • the switch unit 18 is electrically connected in the power supply circuit between the battery cell unit 20 and the external port 30 , and the switch unit 18 is used to control the on or off of the power supply circuit.
  • the battery management system 16 when the external port 30 and the external device 200 are reversely connected, the battery management system 16 outputs a first control signal to the switch unit 18 to drive the switch unit 18 to turn off.
  • the battery management system 16 When the external port 30 is connected to the external device 200, the battery management system 16 outputs a second control signal to the switch unit 18 to drive the switch unit 18 to be turned on. Therefore, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit 10 can control the state of the switch unit 18 correspondingly according to the connection state of the external port 30 , and then control the charging and discharging of the battery cell unit 20 .
  • the "positive connection” described in the embodiments of the present application means that the positive terminal P1+ of the external port 30 is electrically connected to the positive terminal P2+ of the external device 200, and the negative terminal P1- of the external port 30 is electrically connected to Connect the negative terminal P2- of the external device 200.
  • reverse connection means that the positive terminal P1+ of the external port 30 is electrically connected to the negative terminal P2- of the external device 200, and the negative terminal P1 of the external port 30 is electrically connected. - Electrically connect the positive terminal P2+ of the external device 200 .
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the electrochemical device 100 according to the present application.
  • the battery management system 16 may include a microcontroller unit U1.
  • the micro-control unit U1 may include a first pin 1 , a second pin 2 , a third pin 3 and a fourth pin 4 .
  • the first detection unit 12 includes an amplifier U2 and seven resistors R1-R7.
  • the second input terminal of the amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal P1+ of the external port 30 through four resistors R1-R4 in order to detect the parameters of the external port 30, and the second input terminal of the amplifier U2 also passes through
  • the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the output end of the amplifier U2, the output end of the amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the first pin 1 of the micro-control unit U1, and the output end of the amplifier U2 is also grounded through the resistor R6.
  • the second input terminal of the amplifier U2 is grounded through a resistor R7.
  • the power supply terminal of the amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the power supply V1, and the ground terminal of the amplifier U2 is grounded.
  • the second detection unit 14 includes five resistors R8-R12, a capacitor C1 and a diode D1.
  • the first end of the resistor R8 is grounded, and the second end of the resistor R8 is electrically connected to the positive terminal P1+ of the external port 30 through the resistors R9-R11 in sequence, so as to detect the parameters of the external port 30, the
  • the node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 through the resistor R12.
  • the first end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode, and the second end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9.
  • the cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 through the resistor R12, and the anode of the diode is grounded. Therefore, the diode D1 can prevent the battery management system 16 and the cell unit 20 from being damaged by the reverse voltage when the external port 30 is reversely connected.
  • the switch unit 18 includes a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2.
  • the first end of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the third pin 3 of the micro-control unit U1, and the second end of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the first end B+ of the cell unit 20 through a fuse , the third terminal of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal P1+ of the external port.
  • the first end of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the fourth pin 4 of the micro-control unit U1, and the second end of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the first end B+ of the cell unit 20 through a fuse , the third terminal of the second switch Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal P1+ of the external port through a resistor R13.
  • the second end B- of the battery cell unit 20 is electrically connected to the negative end P1- of the external port 30 .
  • first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 in the embodiments of the present application may be NMOS field effect transistors, and the first end, the second end and the first end of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 The three terminals may be the gate, the drain and the source of the NMOS field effect transistor, respectively.
  • first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can also be other electronic switches, such as NPN transistors.
  • the positive terminal P+ of the external port 30 is +500V to the negative terminal P-
  • the first input of the amplifier U2 The voltage at the terminal is denoted as VIN+
  • the voltage at the output end of the amplifier U2 is denoted as VO
  • the voltage at the second input end of the amplifier U2 is denoted as VIN-
  • the current flowing through the resistors R1-R4 is denoted as I1
  • the current flowing through the The current of the resistor R5 is denoted as I2
  • the resistance values of the resistors R1-R5 are denoted as R1-R5 respectively.
  • the output terminal of the amplifier U2 must be greater than 0V. Therefore, when the external port 30 is connected to the external device 200, the positive terminal P+ of the external port 30 is negative When the terminal P- is a positive voltage, the output voltage VO of the output terminal of the amplifier U2 may be 0V, but at this time, the output terminal output voltage of the amplifier U2 will be less than the first threshold value k1, where 0V ⁇ k1 ⁇ 0.5V That is, the detection signal received by the first pin 1 of the micro-control unit may be 0V.
  • the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 has a voltage of +500V.
  • the voltage is denoted as VI
  • the resistance values of the resistors R8-R11 are denoted as R8-R11, respectively.
  • the voltage VI 500V ⁇ R8/(R8+R9+R10+R11)
  • the voltage VI of the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 can be greater than the second threshold k2 , among them, 0V ⁇ k2 ⁇ 5V. That is, at this time, the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 can detect a voltage with a voltage value of 500V ⁇ R8/(R8+R9+R10+R11).
  • the micro-control unit U1 will determine the connection between the external port 30 and the The external device 200 is connected. It can be understood that, in an optional implementation manner, the first threshold k1 may be smaller than the second threshold k2.
  • the positive terminal P+ of the external port 30 is -500V to the negative terminal P-.
  • the voltage of the output terminal of the amplifier U2 is 500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)*R5. Therefore, when the external port 30 and the external device 200 are reversely connected, the voltage received by the first pin 1 of the microcontroller unit is 500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4) ⁇ R5. That is, the voltage VI of the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 may be greater than the third threshold k3, where 0V ⁇ k3 ⁇ 5V.
  • the positive terminal P+ of the external port 30 is -500V to the negative terminal P-.
  • the voltage of the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 is 0V, but the output voltage of the output terminal of the amplifier U2 will be less than the fourth threshold k4, where 0V ⁇ k4 ⁇ 0.5V. That is, at this time, the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1 can detect a detection signal with a voltage value of 0V.
  • the micro-control unit U1 will determine the connection between the external port 30 and the The external device 200 is reversely connected. It can be understood that, in an optional implementation manner, the third threshold k3 may be greater than the fourth threshold k4.
  • the amplifier U2 reduces the voltage inversely proportional to , that is, the output terminal of the amplifier U2 outputs a voltage of 0V to the first pin 1 of the micro-control unit U1, and the second detection unit 14 also sets the output voltage to 500V*R8/(R8+R9+ The voltage of R10+R11) is given to the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1.
  • the micro-control unit U1 can determine that the external port 30 is connected to the external device according to the detection signals received by the two signal pins, and output control signals to the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q1
  • the switch Q2 is used to control the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 to be turned on, so as to control the battery cell 20 to enter the charging state.
  • the amplifier U2 performs an inverse proportional reduction of the reverse connection voltage, That is, the output terminal of the amplifier U2 outputs a voltage of 500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4) ⁇ R5 to the first pin 1 of the micro-control unit U1.
  • the second detection unit 14 will also output A voltage signal with a voltage value of 0V is sent to the second pin 2 of the micro-control unit U1.
  • the micro-control unit U1 can determine that the external port 30 is reversely connected to the external device 200 according to the detection signals received by the two signal pins, that is, the pre-charging and main relays are not allowed to be closed. , the battery management system 16 reports a reverse connection fault, and outputs a control signal to the switch unit 18 to control the battery cell unit 20 to stop charging and discharging, preventing high voltage access to the battery device and causing damage to the system, thus improving the battery device’s performance. safety performance.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the steps of an anti-reverse connection protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection method may include the following steps:
  • Step S31 Detect parameters when the external port of the electrochemical device is connected to an external device.
  • the first detection unit and the second detection unit are electrically connected to the external port of the electrochemical device, and the first detection unit and the second detection unit are used to electrically connect the external device at the external port When detecting the parameters of the external port.
  • the parameter of the external port may be the voltage value of the external port.
  • Step S32 When the external port is electrically connected to the external device, the first detection unit and the second detection unit respectively output a first detection signal and a second detection signal to the battery management system according to the parameters of the external port.
  • Step S33 The battery management system determines whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
  • the battery management system can determine whether the external port and the external device are reversely connected according to the detection signals received by the two signal pins, that is, closing the precharge and the external device is not allowed.
  • the main relay is used to control the battery cell unit to stop charging and discharging, preventing the high voltage from being connected to the battery device and causing system damage, thus improving the safety performance of the battery device.
  • the battery management system determines that the external port is connected to the external device. is receiving.
  • 0V ⁇ k1 ⁇ 0.5V and 0V ⁇ k2 ⁇ 5V when the signal value of the first detection signal is greater than the third threshold k3 and the signal value of the second detection signal is less than the fourth threshold k4, it is determined that the external The port is reversely connected to the external device.
  • a control signal is output to the switch unit 18 to control the battery cell unit 20 to enter the charging state.
  • the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method and electrochemical device provided by the embodiments of the present application determine whether there is a reverse connection problem by detecting the parameters of the external port, and output a detection signal to the battery management system when the external port is reversely connected to the external device . In this way, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, method and electrochemical device provided by the embodiments of the present application have low cost, high safety performance, high detection accuracy, and wide detection range, and can significantly improve the safety and stability of the battery.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供一种防反接保护电路，所述防反接保护电路包括第一检测单元、第二检测单元及电池管理系统。所述第一检测单元及第二检测单元均电连接电化学装置的外接端口，所述第一检测单元和第二检测单元用于检测外接端口的参数；当所述外接端口与外部设备电连接时，所述第一检测单元及第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给所述电池管理系统。本申请还提供一种防反接保护方法、电化学装置和储能系统。通过检测外接端口的参数，并根据所述参数分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给电池管理系统，确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接，具有成本低、检测精度高、检测范围广等优点，可以提高电池的安全稳定性。

Description

防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置及储能系统 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置及储能系统。
背景技术
光伏逆变器可以将光伏(photo voltaic，PV)电池输出的直流能量通过电力变换技术转化为与电网同频、同相、同幅值的交流电，并向电网输送电力。在实际安装过程中，由于施工人员的不当操作，容易将PV电池板的正负端子与电池接反，从而对电池造成损坏。
现有技术中，一般会采用航空插头等结构来防止输出端的反接。然而，航空插头价格较为昂贵，并且其连接可靠性不高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置和储能系统，通过检测外接端口的参数来输出检测信号，进而确定外接端口与外部设备是否存在反接，具有成本低、安全性能高、检测精度高、检测范围广等优点，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
本申请的实施方式提供一种防反接保护电路，应用于电化学装置中，所述防反接保护电路包括第一检测单元、第二检测单元及电池管理系统；所述第一检测单元及所述第二检测单元均电连接所述电化学装置的外接端口及所述电池管理系统，所述第一检测单元和所述第一检测单元用于检测外接端口的参数；当所述外接端口与外部设备电连接时，所述第一检测单元还用于根据所述外接端口的参数输出第一检测信号给所述电池管理系统，所述第二检测单元还用于根据所述外接端口的参数输出第二检测信号给所述电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接。采用本申请的实施方式，通过所述第一检测单元及第二检测单元实时地检测外接端口的参数，并分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给电池管理系统，由此可以根据第一检测信号及第二检测信号确定外接端口与外部设备是否反接，可以精确地识别到外接端口的反接问题，具有成本低、安全性能高、检测精度高、检测范围广等优点，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统判断所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接。当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第四阈值时，所述电池管理系统判断所述外接端 口与所述外部设备反接，其中所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值，所述第三阈值大于所述第四阈值。由此，所述电池管理系统可以根据第一检测信号及第二检测信号确定外接端口与外部设备是否反接，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述第一检测单元包括放大器，所述放大器的第一输入端接地，所述放大器的第二输入端通过第一电阻电连接所述外接端口的第一端，以检测所述外接端口的参数，所述放大器的第二输入端还通过第二电阻电连接所述放大器的输出端，所述放大器的输出端电连接所述电池管理系统。通过所述放大器连接所述外接端口，来检测所述外接端口的参数，并根据所述参数判断外接端口与外部设备是否反接。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述第二检测单元包括二极管、第三电阻及第四电阻，所述第三电阻的第一端接地，所述第三电阻的第二端电连接第四电阻的第一端，所述第四电阻的第二端电连接所述外接端口的第一端，所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第三电阻的第二端之间的节点电连接所述电池管理系统，所述二极管的阴极电连接所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第三电阻的第二端之间的节点，所述二极管的阳极接地。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述参数包括外接端口的电压，其中，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接时，所述外接端口具有第一电压，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述外接端口具有第二电压。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述防反接保护电路还包括开关单元，所述开关单元电连接于电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，当所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号及所述第二检测信号，确定所述外接端口与外部设备反接时，输出第一控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元截止；当所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号及所述第二检测信号，确定所述外接端口与外部设备正接时，输出第二控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元导通。由此，当所述外接端口存在反接的问题时，所述电池管理系统可以控制开关单元截止，及时地保护到电池的安全性。当所述外接端口与外部设备正接时，所述电池管理系统可以控制开关单元导通，进而可以使得电池可以正常的充放电。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述电池管理系统包括微控制单元，所述第一检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数输出第一检测信号给所述微控制单元的第一引脚，所述第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数输出第二检测信号给所述微控制单元的第二引脚。
本申请的实施方式还提供一种防反接保护方法，应用于电化学装置中，所述防反接保护方法包括：检测所述电化学装置的外接端口连接外部设备时的参数；当所述外接端口与所述外部设备电连接时，第一检测单元及第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给电池管理系统；所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接。因此，本申请实施例中的电池管理系统可以 根据第一检测信号及第二检测信号确定外接端口与外部设备是否反接，可以精确地识别到外接端口的反接问题，具有成本低、安全性能高、检测精度高、检测范围广等优点，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接；当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第四阈值时，确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接，其中所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值，所述第三阈值大于所述第四阈值。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，当电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接，所述电池管理系统输出第一控制信号给开关单元，驱动所述开关单元截止；其中，所述开关单元电连接于电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，当电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述电池管理系统输出第二控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元导通。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述参数包括外接端口的电压，其中，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接时，所述外接端口具有第一电压，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述外接端口具有第二电压。
本申请的实施方式还提供一种电化学装置，所述电化学装置包括电芯单元、外接端口及如上述所述的防反接保护电路，所述开关单元电连接于所述电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
本申请的实施方式还提供一种储能系统，所述储能系统包括储能逆变器和上述所述的电化学装置，所述电化学装置电连接于所述储能逆变器。
根据本申请的一些实施方式，所述储能系统还包括光伏组件，所述光伏组件电连接于所述储能逆变器。
本申请实施方式提供的防反接保护电路、方法、电化学装置和储能系统，通过检测外接端口的参数来判断是否存在反接的问题，并在外接端口与外部设备反接时输出检测信号给电池管理系统。如此，本申请实施方式提供的防反接保护电路、方法及电化学装置，成本低、安全性能高、检测精度高、检测范围广，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
附图说明
图1为根据本申请一实施方式的电化学装置的方框图。
图2为图1中充电器检测电路的较佳实施方式的电路图。
图3为根据本申请一实施方式的充电器检测方法的步骤流程图。
主要元件符号说明
电化学装置     100
防反接保护电路              10
第一检测单元                12
第二检测单元                14
电池管理系统                16
开关单元                    18
电芯单元                    20
外接端口                    30
微控制单元                  U1
放大器                      U2
第一开关至第二开关          Q1-Q2
电容                        C1
电阻                        R1-R13
二极管                      D1
外部设备                    200
光伏组件                    210
储能逆变器                  220
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步详细说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。
请参阅图1，图1为根据本申请电化学装置100的较佳实施方式的方框图。所述电化学装置100可电连接于外部设备200。
所述电化学装置100包括防反接保护电路10、电芯单元20及外接端口30。本申请的实施方式中，所述外接端口30用于电连接所述外部设备200。所述防反接保护电路10电连接于所述外接端口30，以用于检测及识别所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接或反接。
可以理解，本申请实施方式中的所述外部设备200可以包括光伏(photo voltaic，PV)组件210及储能逆变器(power conversion system，PCS)220，所述光伏组件210电连接于所述储能逆变器220。
本申请的实施方式中，所述防反接保护电路10包括第一检测单元12、第二检测单元14、电池管理系统(battery management system，BMS)16及开关单元18。
具体地，所述第一检测单元12及所述第二检测单元14均用于电连接所述电化学装置100的外接端口30及所述电池管理系统16，如此，所述第一检测单元12及第二检测单元14可以在所述外接端口30电连接所述外部设备200时检测到所述外接端口30的参数。
可以理解，本申请的实施方式中，所述外接端口30的参数可以为电压值。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备300电连接时，所述第一检测单元12可以根据所述外接端口30的参数输出第一检测信号给所述电池管理系统16。所述第二检测单元14可以根据所述外接端口30的参数输出第二检测信号给所述电池管理系统16。
因此，本申请实施方式中的所述电池管理系统16可以根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号来判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200是否反接。
具体地，当所述电化学装置100的外接端口30与所述外部设备200电连接时，所述第一检测单元12及所述第二检测单元14检测到所述外接端口30的参数，此时，所述第一检测单元12将对所述外接端口30的反接电压进行反比例缩小，并将运算处理后的信号传输给所述电池管理系统16，即，所述第一检测单元12可以根据所述外接端口30的参数输出第一检测信号给所述电池管理系统16。此外，所述第二检测单元14亦可以根据所述外接端口30的参数输出第二检测信号给所述电池管理系统16。此时，当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统16判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接。当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统16判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接。
所述开关单元18电连接在所述电芯单元20与所述外接端口30的供电回路中，所述开关单元18用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
具体地，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接时，所述电池管理系统16根据输出第一控制信号给所述开关单元18，以驱动所述开关单元18截止。当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接时，所述电池管理系统16输出第二控制信号给所述开关单元18，驱动所述开关单元18导通。由此，所述防反接保护电路10可以根据所述外接端口30的连接状态，对应控制所述开关单元18的状态，进而控制所述电芯单元20的充放电。
可以理解，本申请的实施方式中所述的“正接”，即为所述外接端口30的正端P1+电连接所述外部设备200的正端P2+，所述外接端口30的负端P1-电连接所述外部设备200的负端P2-。
可以理解，本申请的实施方式中所述的“反接”，即为所述外接端口30的正端P1+电连接所述外部设备200的负端P2-，所述外接端口30的负端P1-电连接所述外部设备200的正端P2+。
请参阅图2，为根据本申请的电化学装置100的较佳实施方式的电路图。
所述电池管理系统16可以包括微控制单元U1。其中，所述微控制单元U1可以包括第一引脚1、第二引脚2、第三引脚3及第四引脚4。
本申请的实施方式中，所述第一检测单元12包括放大器U2及七个电阻R1-R7。
所述放大器U2的第二输入端依次通过四个电阻R1-R4电连接所述外接端口30的正端P1+，以检测所述外接端口30的参数，所述放大器U2的第二输入端还通过电阻R5电连接所述放大器U2的输出端，所述放大器U2的输出端电连接所述微控制单元U1的第一引脚1，所述放大器U2的输出端还通过电阻R6接地。所述放大器U2的第二输入端通过电阻R7接地。所述放大器U2的电源端电连接电源V1，所述放大器U2的接地端接地。
本申请的实施方式中，所述第二检测单元14包括五个电阻R8-R12、电容C1及二极管D1。
所述电阻R8的第一端接地，所述电阻R8的第二端依次通过所述电阻R9-R11电连接所述外接端口30的正端P1+，以检测所述外接端口30的参数，所述电阻R8的第一端与所述电阻R9之间的节点通过电阻R12电连接所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2。所述电容C1的第一端电连接所述二极管的阳极，所述电容C1的第二端电连接所述电阻R8的第一端与所述电阻R9之间的节点。所述二极管D1的阴极通过所述电阻R12电连接所述电阻R8的第一端与所述电阻R9之间的节点，所述二极管的阳极接地。由此，所述二极管D1可以防止所述电池管理系统16及电芯单元20在所述外接端口30反接时被反向电压损坏。
所述开关单元18包括第一开关Q1及第二开关Q2。所述第一开关Q1的第一端电连接所述微控制单元U1的第三引脚3，所述第一开关Q1的第二端通过保险丝电连接所述电芯单元20的第一端B+，所述第一开关Q1的第三端电连接所述外接端口的正端P1+。所述第二开关Q2的第一端电连接所述微控制单元U1的第四引脚4，所述第二开关Q2的第二端通过保险丝电连接所述电芯单元20的第一端B+，所述第二开关Q1的第三端通过电阻R13电连接所述外接端口的正端P1+。所述电芯单元20的第二端B-电连接所述外接端口30的负端P1—。
可以理解，本申请实施方式中的所述第一开关Q1及第二开关Q2可以为NMOS场效应管，所述第一开关Q1及所述第二开关Q2的第一端、第二端及第三端可以分别为所述NMOS场效应管的栅极、漏极及源极。在其他较佳的实施方式中，所述第一开关Q1及第二开关Q2亦可以为其他的电子开关，例如可以为NPN型三极管。
本申请的实施方式中，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接时，例如，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为+500V，所述放大器U2的第一输入端的电压记为VIN+，所述放大器U2的输出端的电压记为VO，所述放大器U2的第二输入端的电压记为VIN-，流经所述电阻R1-R4的电流记为I1，流经所述电阻R5的电流记为I2，所述电阻R1-R5的阻值分别记为R1-R5。
根据运算放大器输入的虚短原则，那么VIN+＝VIN-＝0V。由此，电流 I1＝(500V-VIN-)/(R1+R2+R3+R4)＝500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)。
根据运算放大器输入的虚断原则，那么I1＝I2。
由此，可以得出，(VIN-(-VO))/R5＝500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)。即可推导出VO＝-500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)×R5。
由于所述放大器U2的正电源供电，所述放大器U2的输出端必须大于0V，因此，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接时，且所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为正电压时，所述放大器U2的输出端输出电压VO可为0V，但此时所述的放大器U2的输出端输出电压会小于第一阈值k1，其中，0V<k1<0.5V，即，所述微控制单元的第一引脚1接收到的检测信号可为0V。
接着，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接时，例如，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为+500V，所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2的电压记为VI，所述电阻R8-R11的阻值分别记为R8-R11。此时，可以推导得出所述电压VI＝500V×R8/(R8+R9+R10+R11)，即此时所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2的电压VI可以大于第二阈值k2，其中，0V<k2<5V。即，此时的所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2可以检测到电压值为500V×R8/(R8+R9+R10+R11)的电压。
因此，当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值k1且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值k2时，所述微控制单元U1将判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接。可以理解，作为一种可选实施方式中，所述第一阈值k1可以小于所述第二阈值k2。
本申请的实施方式中，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接时，例如，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为-500V。
根据运算放大器输入的虚短原则，那么VIN+＝VIN-＝0V。由此，电流I1＝(-500V-VIN-)/(R1+R2+R3+R4)＝-500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)。
根据运算放大器输入的虚断原则，那么I1＝I2。
由此，可以得出，(VIN-(-VO))/R5＝-500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)。即可推导出VO＝500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)×R5。
所述放大器U2的输出端的电压为500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)*R5。因此，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接时，所述微控制单元的第一引脚1接收到的电压为500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)×R5。即此时所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2的电压VI可以大于第三阈值k3，其中0V<k3<5V。接着，当所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接时，例如，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为-500V。此时，所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2的电压即为0V，但此时所述的放大器U2的输出端输出电压会小于第四阈值k4，其中，0V<k4<0.5V。即，此时的所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2可以检测到电压值为0V的检测信号。
因此，当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值k3且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第二阈值k4时，所述微控制单元U1将判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接。可以理解，作为一种可选实施方式中，所述第三阈值k3可以大于所述第四阈值k4。
下面将以图2所示出的电路图为例对本申请的防反接保护电路及电化学装 置的工作原理进行说明。
使用时，若所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接，此时，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为+500V，接着，所述放大器U2对该电压进行反比例缩小，即所述放大器U2的输出端输出0V电压给所述微控制单元U1的第一引脚1，此外，所述第二检测单元14亦将输出电压值为500V*R8/(R8+R9+R10+R11)的电压给所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2。由此，所述微控制单元U1可以根据这两个信号引脚所接收的检测信号，即可判断所述外接端口30与所述外部设备正接，并输出控制信号给第一开关Q1及第二开关Q2，以控制第一开关Q1及第二开关Q2导通，以控制所述电芯单元20进入充电状态。
进一步，若所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接，所述外接端口30的正端P+对负端P-为-500V，接着，所述放大器U2对该反接电压进行反比例缩小，即所述放大器U2的输出端输出500V/(R1+R2+R3+R4)×R5的电压给所述微控制单元U1的第一引脚1，此外，所述第二检测单元14亦将输出电压值为0V的电压信号给所述微控制单元U1的第二引脚2。由此，所述微控制单元U1可以根据这两个信号引脚所接收的检测信号，即可判断到所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200反接，即不允许闭合预充和主继电器，所述电池管理系统16报反接故障，并输出控制信号给开关单元18，以控制所述电芯单元20停止充放电，防止高电压接入电池装置而导致系统损坏，如此提高电池装置的安全性能。
请参阅图3，图3为根据本申请一实施方式的防反接保护方法的步骤流程图。所述防反接保护方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤S31：检测所述电化学装置的外接端口连接外部设备时的参数。
本申请的实施方式中，通过第一检测单元及第二检测单元电连接电化学装置的外接端口，所述第一检测单元及所述第二检测单元用于在所述外接端口电连接外部设备时检测所述外接端口的参数。可以理解，所述外接端口的参数可以为外接端口的电压值。
步骤S32：当所述外接端口与所述外部设备电连接时，第一检测单元及第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给电池管理系统。
步骤S33：电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接。
本申请的实施方式中，所述电池管理系统可以根据这两个信号引脚所接收的检测信号，即可确定到所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接，即不允许闭合预充和主继电器，以控制电芯单元停止充放电，防止高电压接入电池装置而导致系统损坏，如此提高电池装置的安全性能。
进一步地，当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值k1且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值k2时，所述电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接。其中0V<k1<0.5V且0V<k2<5V，当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值k3且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第四阈值k4时，确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接。其中，0V<k3<5V且0V<k4<0.5V。
本申请的实施方式中，若所述外接端口30与所述外部设备200正接，并输出控制信号给开关单元18，以控制所述电芯单元20进入充电状态。
本申请实施方式提供的防反接保护电路、方法及电化学装置，通过检测外接端口的参数来确定是否存在反接的问题，并在外接端口与外部设备反接时输出检测信号给电池管理系统。如此，本申请实施方式提供的防反接保护电路、方法及电化学装置，成本低、安全性能高、检测精度高、检测范围广，可以显著地提高电池的安全稳定性。
本技术领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施方式仅是用来说明本申请，而并非用作为对本申请的限定，只要在本申请的实质精神范围之内，对以上实施例所作的适当改变和变化都应该落在本申请要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种防反接保护电路，应用于电化学装置中，其特征在于，所述防反接保护电路包括第一检测单元、第二检测单元及电池管理系统；
    所述第一检测单元及所述第二检测单元均电连接所述电化学装置的外接端口及所述电池管理系统，所述第一检测单元和所述第一检测单元用于检测所述外接端口的参数；及
    当所述外接端口与外部设备电连接时，所述第一检测单元还用于根据所述外接端口的参数输出第一检测信号给所述电池管理系统，所述第二检测单元还用于根据所述外接端口的参数输出第二检测信号给所述电池管理系统；
    所述电池管理系统用于根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，
    当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接；当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第四阈值时，所述电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接，其中所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值，所述第三阈值大于所述第四阈值。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，所述第一检测单元包括放大器，所述放大器的第一输入端接地，所述放大器的第二输入端通过第一电阻电连接所述外接端口的第一端，以检测所述外接端口的参数，所述放大器的第二输入端还通过第二电阻电连接所述放大器的输出端，所述放大器的输出端电连接所述电池管理系统。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，所述第二检测单元包括二极管、第三电阻及第四电阻，所述第三电阻的第一端接地，所述第三电阻的第二端电连接第四电阻的第一端，所述第四电阻的第二端电连接所述外接端口的第一端，所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第三电阻的第二端之间的节点电连接所述电池管理系统，所述二极管的阴极电连接所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第三电阻的第二端之间的节点，所述二极管的阳极接地。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，所述参数包括所述外接端口的电压，其中，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接时，所述外接端口具有第一电压，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述外接端口具有第二电压。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，所述防反接保护电路还包括开关单元，所述开关单元电连接于电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，当所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号及所述第二检测信号，确定所述外接端口与所述外部 设备反接时，输出第一控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元截止；当所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号及所述第二检测信号，确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，输出第二控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元导通。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的防反接保护电路，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统包括微控制单元，所述第一检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数输出所述第一检测信号给所述微控制单元的第一引脚，所述第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数输出所述第二检测信号给所述微控制单元的第二引脚。
  9. 一种防反接保护方法，应用于电化学装置中，其特征在于，所述防反接保护方法包括：
    检测所述电化学装置的外接端口连接外部设备时的参数；
    当所述外接端口与所述外部设备电连接时，第一检测单元及第二检测单元根据所述外接端口的参数分别输出第一检测信号及第二检测信号给电池管理系统；及
    所述电池管理系统根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备是否反接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的防反接保护方法，其特征在于，
    当所述第一检测信号的信号值小于第一阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值大于第二阈值时，所述电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接；当所述第一检测信号的信号值大于第三阈值且所述第二检测信号的信号值小于第四阈值时，确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接，其中所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值，所述第三阈值大于所述第四阈值。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的防反接保护方法，其特征在于，当电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接，所述电池管理系统输出第一控制信号给开关单元，驱动所述开关单元截止；其中，所述开关单元电连接于电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的防反接保护方法，其特征在于，当电池管理系统确定所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述电池管理系统输出第二控制信号给所述开关单元，驱动所述开关单元导通。
  13. 如权利要求9所述的防反接保护方法，其特征在于，所述参数包括所述外接端口的电压，其中，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备反接时，所述外接端口具有第一电压，当所述外接端口与所述外部设备正接时，所述外接端口具有第二电压。
  14. 一种电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置包括电芯单元、外接端口及如权利要求1至8任意一项所述的防反接保护电路，所述开关单元电连接于所述电芯单元与所述外接端口的供电回路中，所述开关单元用于控制所述供电回路的导通或截止。
  15. 一种储能系统，其特征在于，所述储能系统包括储能逆变器和如权利 要求14所述的电化学装置，所述电化学装置电连接于所述储能逆变器。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述储能系统还包括光伏组件，所述光伏组件电连接于所述储能逆变器。
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