WO2022056758A1 - 双离合器用固定件、双离合器及变速器的组装方法 - Google Patents

双离合器用固定件、双离合器及变速器的组装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022056758A1
WO2022056758A1 PCT/CN2020/115780 CN2020115780W WO2022056758A1 WO 2022056758 A1 WO2022056758 A1 WO 2022056758A1 CN 2020115780 W CN2020115780 W CN 2020115780W WO 2022056758 A1 WO2022056758 A1 WO 2022056758A1
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Prior art keywords
clutch
dual clutch
fixing
fixing member
dual
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PCT/CN2020/115780
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑飞翔
徐志力
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舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
郑飞翔
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Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 郑飞翔 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/115780 priority Critical patent/WO2022056758A1/zh
Priority to DE112020007611.3T priority patent/DE112020007611T5/de
Priority to CN202080103299.7A priority patent/CN115917205A/zh
Publication of WO2022056758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022056758A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/083—Actuators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/12—Mounting or assembling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of clutches for vehicles, in particular to a fixing member for a dual clutch, a dual clutch including the fixing member, and an assembling method of a transmission including the dual clutch.
  • a dual clutch includes two clutch assemblies 1 and a centering slave cylinder 2 .
  • each clutch assembly 1 includes an inner hub 12 for being fixedly mounted to a shaft (eg, an input shaft) of the transmission, an outer hub 11 located radially outside the inner hub 12 , and a hub 11 located between the inner hub 12 and the outer hub 11 .
  • clutch unit 13 includes friction discs and pressure plates alternately arranged in the axial direction of the clutch assembly 1 .
  • One of the friction discs and pressure plates is fixedly mounted on the inner hub 12 and the other is fixedly mounted on the outer hub 11 .
  • the centering slave cylinder 2 includes a housing 21 , a piston 22 , a bearing 23 and a preload spring 24 mounted on corresponding parts of the housing 21 .
  • the assembled state of the dual clutch is shown in Figures 1b and 1c. In the assembled state, the centering slave cylinder 2 is installed between the two clutch assemblies 1, and the preload springs 24 are opposite to the two clutch assemblies 1 on both sides. Apply preload spring force.
  • an appropriate gasket is selected and fitted between the transmission and the transmission housing body;
  • the present invention is made in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a dual clutch fixing member and a dual clutch including the fixing member, which can realize relative fixing of each component of the dual clutch at least in the axial direction.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling a transmission including the above-mentioned dual clutch, which can avoid the problem of failure in the assembly of the transmission due to the incompatibility of components in the dual clutch.
  • the present invention provides a fixing member for a dual clutch as follows, the fixing member includes:
  • the body portion is in the shape of an arc plate.
  • the fixing member further includes a holding portion formed on the body portion for holding the fixing member when attaching/detaching the fixing member.
  • the retaining portion includes at least one member formed on the body portion, the member being at least one of a hole, a post, a hook, and a loop.
  • the plurality of fixing portions are formed as a plurality of fixing posts, the plurality of fixing posts protrude from the body portion toward one side, and the plurality of fixing posts are located at both ends of the body portion, And at each end of the main body, a plurality of the fixing columns are sequentially arranged in substantially one direction.
  • the fixing post is matingly connected with the hole of the outer hub, wherein the diameter of the fixing post is smaller than the diameter of the hole of the outer hub.
  • the present invention also provides a following dual clutch, which includes:
  • two clutch assemblies each of which includes an outer hub, an inner hub, and a clutch unit between the outer hub and the inner hub;
  • a centering slave cylinder for mounting between the two clutch assemblies in the axial direction of the dual clutch and for controlling engagement or disengagement of the clutch unit;
  • the fixing member for a dual clutch can be detachably installed on the two clutch assemblies, so that the two clutch units and the pair of The Chinese-type slave cylinder is relatively fixed at least in the axial direction of the double clutch.
  • an outer peripheral portion of the outer hub is formed with a lubricating oil hole for lubricating oil into or out of the clutch assembly, the lubricating oil hole serving as a hole to be fitted with the fixing portion of the fixing member.
  • the plurality of fixing members can be mounted on the two clutch assemblies in a manner of uniform distribution in the circumferential direction of the dual clutch.
  • the holes for cooperating with the fixing posts of the fixing member are marked or have a different arrangement and/or cross-sectional shape from other lubricating oil holes.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the outer hub is formed with a plurality of groups of holes exclusively for the fitting of the fixing posts of the fixing member.
  • the present invention also provides a method for assembling a transmission including the dual clutch described in any one of the above technical solutions, the assembling method comprising:
  • the two clutch assemblies and the centering slave cylinder are assembled together by connecting the two clutch assemblies with the double clutch fixing member, so that the two clutch assemblies and the pair of the two clutch assemblies located between the two clutch assemblies are assembled together.
  • the Chinese-style slave cylinder is relatively fixed at least in the axial direction of the shaft, forming a pre-assembled double clutch assembly;
  • the present invention also provides a method for assembling a transmission including the dual clutch described in any one of the above technical solutions, the assembling method comprising:
  • the axial dimension of the transmission mechanism and the axial space dimension of the casing body are measured, and a gasket is assembled between the casing body of the transmission and the transmission mechanism based on the measurement results, and then the dual clutch fixing device is removed. pieces.
  • the present invention provides a fixing member for a dual clutch and a dual clutch including the fixing member.
  • the dual clutch includes two clutch assemblies, a centering slave cylinder located between the two clutch assemblies, and a fixing member detachably mounted on the two clutch assemblies.
  • the fixing member cooperates with the hole of the outer hub of the clutch assembly through its fixing column, so as to realize the relative fixing of the two clutch assemblies and the centering slave cylinder, so that the axial dimension of the whole double clutch is basically kept unchanged. It can be understood that the multiple fixing parts can also realize the circumferential fixing between the clutch assembly of the dual clutch and the centering slave cylinder.
  • the fixing part according to the present invention is disassembled in the assembling method of the transmission, that is to say, the fixing part according to the present invention is disassembled after the transmission is assembled, so that the fixing part can be repeatedly applied to the same type of double clutch, so as to save cost.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of a dual clutch
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram showing the assembled state of the dual clutch in Figure 1a
  • Figure 1c is a schematic diagram showing the dual clutch in Figure 1a in the assembled state Partial cutaway schematic.
  • Fig. 2a is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram showing a fixing member for a dual clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram showing an assembled state of the dual clutch including the fixing member for a dual clutch in Fig. 2a.
  • the fixing member 31 the body portion 32 the fixing post 33 the holding portion.
  • the axial, radial and circumferential directions refer to the axial, radial and circumferential directions of the dual clutch according to the present invention, respectively.
  • the structure of the stator for dual clutches according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the stator 3 for a dual clutch includes a main body portion 31 , a plurality of (six in the present embodiment) fixing posts 32 and a plurality (two in the present embodiment) A) holding portion 33, the fixing member 3 is used at least to realize that the components of the dual clutch mentioned in the background art are substantially relatively fixed in the axial direction.
  • the body portion 31 is integrally formed in an arc-shaped plate shape extending along the first and second directions intersecting with each other.
  • the first direction is the direction that is consistent with the axial direction of the dual clutch
  • the second direction is the direction that is consistent with the circumferential direction of the dual clutch direction.
  • the body portion 31 is extended into an arc-shaped plate shape in a manner that matches a part of the outer circumferential contours of both the two clutch assemblies 1 of the dual clutch and the centering slave cylinder 2, so that the fixing member 3 is installed on the dual clutch.
  • the outer contour of the two clutch assemblies 1 and the centering slave cylinder 2 can be closely contacted, thereby improving the fixing effect of the fixing member 3.
  • the six fixing posts 32 are each formed in a cylindrical shape matching the holes 11h of the outer hub 11 of the clutch assembly 1 , so that the fixing member 3 is mounted on the clutch assembly 1 through the cooperation of the fixing posts 32 and the holes 11h.
  • the six fixing posts 32 are fixed to the main body portion 31 so as to protrude from one surface of the main body portion 31 toward the same side.
  • six fixing posts 32 are located at both ends of the main body part 31 and on both sides of the two holding parts 33 , and three fixed posts 32 are arranged approximately along the second direction at each end part of the main body part 31 , respectively. a fixed column 32 .
  • the diameter of the fixing post 32 may be slightly smaller than the diameter of the hole 11h.
  • the holding portion 33 is formed in the main body portion 31 , and the holding portion 33 is used to hold the fixing member 3 when attaching/detaching the fixing member 3 .
  • the holding portion 33 includes two through holes formed in a substantially central portion of the body portion 31 in the first direction and aligned along the second direction. The size and shape of the through hole can be determined according to the size and shape of the tool holding the fixture 3 .
  • the dual clutch according to the present invention includes two clutch assemblies 1 , a centering slave cylinder 2 and three fixing members 3 for dual clutches.
  • the clutch assembly 1 of the dual clutch includes an outer hub 11 , an inner hub 12 and a clutch unit located between the outer hub 11 and the inner hub 12 13.
  • the clutch unit 13 includes friction discs and pressure plates which are arranged on the outer hub 11 and the inner hub 12 and are alternately arranged.
  • a plurality of lubricating oil holes through which lubricating oil enters/exhausts the clutch unit 13 of the clutch assembly 1 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the outer hub 11 , and the plurality of lubricating oil holes are arranged substantially along the circumferential direction of the dual clutch.
  • part of the lubricating oil hole is used as the hole 11h to be fitted with the fixing post 32 of the fixing member 3 .
  • the centering slave cylinder 2 of the dual clutch according to the present invention is located between the two clutch assemblies 1 in the axial direction of the dual clutch and
  • the clutch unit 13 for controlling the engagement/disengagement of the two clutch assemblies 1 is not described in detail here.
  • the three fixing pieces 3 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the dual clutch, the fixing posts 32 of each fixing piece 3 for double clutches are inserted into the holes 11h of the outer hubs 11 of the two clutch assemblies 1 respectively, and the body of each fixing piece 3 for double clutches
  • the part 31 is in close contact with the outer contour of the corresponding part of the dual clutch, so that the three dual clutch fixing parts 3 are detachably mounted on the two clutch assemblies 1 of the dual clutch, so that the two clutch assemblies 1 of the dual clutch and the The centering slave cylinder 2 located between the two clutch assemblies 1 is relatively fixed at least in the axial direction of the dual clutch.
  • the present invention also provides an assembling method of the transmission including the above-mentioned dual clutch, and the assembling method includes the following steps.
  • the two clutch assemblies and the centering slave cylinder are assembled together by using the double clutch fixing parts, so that the two clutch assemblies and the centering slave cylinder located between the two clutch assemblies are at least in The shafts are relatively fixed in the axial direction, forming a pre-assembled dual clutch assembly.
  • the assembly method may also include the following steps:
  • the transmission mechanism including the double clutch is fitted to the shaft of the transmission (not shown in the figure), so that the two clutch assemblies 1 are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the shaft by sandwiching the centering slave cylinder 2 (as shown in the figure). 2b).
  • the shaft with the transmission mechanism is mounted on the casing main body of the transmission (not shown in the figure). Pressurize the entire dual clutch, insert the fixing column 32 of the fixing member 3 for the dual clutch into the hole 11h of the outer hub 11 of the clutch assembly 1, and use the preload spring 24 in the centering slave cylinder 1 (such as 1c) so that the two clutch assemblies 1 of the dual clutch and the centering slave cylinder 2 are locked together (ie relatively fixed) at least in the axial direction of the dual clutch.
  • the centering slave cylinder 1 such as 1c
  • other tooling equipment can be used to lock the two clutch assemblies 1 and the centering slave cylinder 2 by using the double clutch fixing member 3 .
  • the holding portion 33 includes two holes formed in the main body portion 31 and the fixing columns 32 are six cylinders fixed to the main body portion 31 , the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the holding portion 33 may have other structures depending on the holding tool to be used, and the number of the holding portions 33 may be set as desired.
  • the retaining portion 33 may appear as a protruding post or tab that protrudes radially outward (ie, in a direction opposite to the protruding direction of the fixing post 32 ).
  • the retaining portion 33 may be embodied as a hook or loop that protrudes radially outward (ie, in a direction opposite to the protruding direction of the fixing post 32 ).
  • the holding portion 33 can also be a combination of various structures, such as a combination of at least two of the above-mentioned holes, protruding posts, tabs, loops, and hooks.
  • the stationary post 32 can also be replaced with a desired shape that matches other structures of the dual clutch, such as a dog or "L" shape that engages with one side of the clutch assembly 1, and Under the action of the preload spring 24, one side of the two clutch assemblies 1 can be clamped by the claw-shaped or "L"-shaped structure on both sides, so as to connect the two clutch assemblies 1 and the two clutch assemblies 1 between the two clutch assemblies 1.
  • the centering slave cylinders 2 are held together at a predetermined axial distance.
  • the holes 11h of the outer peripheral portion of the outer hub 11 of the clutch assembly 1 are located at the same axial position of the outer hub 11 (that is, the axial positions of the plurality of holes 11h are the same), it is not necessary to select the hole 11h in which the fixing post 32 of the fixing member 3 is inserted.
  • the hole 11h ensures that the distance between the two clutch assemblies 1 is the design distance, ie the preload spring 24 is compressed as required by the design.
  • the corresponding holes 11h or regions of the outer hub 11 may be given corresponding
  • the indicator marks are used to guide the fixing posts 32 of the fixing member 3 to be inserted into the predetermined holes 11h to ensure that the distance between the two clutch assemblies 1 is the design distance, that is, the preload spring 24 is compressed as designed.
  • the outer hub 11 of the clutch assembly 1 may also be provided with holes for the insertion of the fixing posts 32 of the fixing member 3. These holes may be specially marked, or these holes may have different rows from, for example, other holes for the lubricating oil to enter and exit. cloth form or cross-sectional shape.
  • the holes for matching with the fixing posts 32 of the fixing member 3 may be formed not only as through holes, but also as blind holes.
  • Marks can be designed on the fixing member 3 to indicate its installation direction, so that one end of the fixing member 3 and the corresponding fixing column 32 correspond to one of the clutch assemblies 1, and the other end of the fixing member 3 and the corresponding fixing column 32 Corresponding to another clutch assembly 1; or at least two fixing posts 32 of the plurality of fixing posts 32 have different shapes and/or sizes, and holes are formed on the outer hub 11 of the clutch assembly 1 to match them, thereby The fixing member 3 can be installed and fitted to the corresponding clutch assembly 1 in a predetermined manner on the matching structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

一种双离合器用固定件，其包括：本体部(31)，所述本体部(31)以与所述双离合器的离合器组件(1)和对中式从动缸(2)两者的外部周向轮廓的一部分匹配的方式延展为板状；以及多个固定柱(32)，所述多个固定柱(32)用于与形成于所述离合器组件(1)的外毂(11)的孔(11h)匹配，并且所述多个固定柱(32)以从所述本体部(31)朝向一侧凸出的方式固定于所述本体部(31)，从而使得双离合器的轴向尺寸基本保持不变。另外，还提供了包括上述双离合器用固定件的双离合器以及包括该双离合器的变速器的组装方法，避免了由于双离合器的轴向尺寸变化导致的变速器组装故障的问题

Description

双离合器用固定件、双离合器及变速器的组装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的离合器领域，具体地涉及双离合器用固定件、包括该固定件的双离合器及包括该双离合器的变速器的组装方法。
背景技术
如图1a至图1c所示，一种双离合器包括两个离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2。具体地，各离合器组件1包括用于固定安装于变速器的轴(例如输入轴)的内毂12、位于内毂12的径向外侧的外毂11以及位于内毂12和外毂11之间的离合单元13。离合单元13包括在离合器组件1的轴向上交替布置的摩擦盘和压板，摩擦盘和压板中的一者固定安装于内毂12，另一者固定安装于外毂11。对中式从动缸2包括壳体21以及安装于壳体21的对应部位的活塞22、轴承23和预加载弹簧24。该双离合器的组装状态如图1b和图1c所示，在组装状态下，对中式从动缸2安装于两个离合器组件1之间，预加载弹簧24对位于两侧的两个离合器组件1施加预加载弹簧力。
进一步地，在包括如上所述的双离合器的变速器的组装过程中，
首先，需要将包括双离合器和其它齿轮的传动机构套装于变速器的轴上，将该轴安装于变速器的壳体主体；
然后，基于所测量的传动机构的沿着轴的轴向的尺寸以及变速器壳体主体内部的轴向尺寸，选择适当的衬垫并装配到传动机构和变速器的壳体主体之间；
最后，将盖组装到壳体主体上，完成整个组装过程。
但是，在上述的组装过程中测量轴向尺寸时，由于双离合器的离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2在轴向上并非相对固定并且对中式从动缸2的预加载弹 簧24对其两侧的离合器组件1产生的预加载弹簧力并不确定，可能导致传动机构的轴向尺寸的测量结果不够准确，从而不能选择适当的衬垫，最终导致变速器的装配出现故障。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的缺陷而做出本发明。本发明的目的在于提供一种双离合器用固定件和包括该固定件的双离合器，该固定件能够实现双离合器的各部件至少在轴向上相对固定。本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种包括上述双离合器的变速器的组装方法，其能够避免由于双离合器中各部件不相对固定导致变速器的装配出现故障的问题。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案。
本发明提供了一种如下的双离合器用固定件，所述固定件包括：
本体部，所述本体部以与所述双离合器的离合器组件和对中式从动缸两者的外部周向轮廓的一部分匹配的方式形成为板状；以及
多个固定部分，所述固定部分用于与所述离合器组件连接。
优选地，所述本体部为弧形板状。
更优选地，所述固定件还包括形成于所述本体部的保持部，所述保持部用于在安装/拆卸所述固定件时保持所述固定件。
更优选地，所述保持部包括形成于所述本体部的至少一个部件，所述部件为孔、柱、钩子、环中的至少一种。
更优选地，所述多个固定部分形成为多个固定柱，所述多个固定柱从所述本体部朝向一侧凸出，所述多个固定柱位于所述本体部的两端部，并且在所述本体部的各端部，多个所述固定柱大致沿一个方向顺序地排列。
更优选地，所述固定柱与所述外毂的孔配合地连接，其中所述固定柱的 直径小于所述外毂的孔的直径。
本发明还提供了一种如下的双离合器，其包括：
两个离合器组件，各所述离合器组件分别包括外毂、内毂以及位于所述外毂和所述内毂之间的离合单元；
对中式从动缸，所述对中式从动缸用于在所述双离合器的轴向上安装于所述两个离合器组件之间并且用于控制所述离合单元的接合或分离；以及
多个以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的双离合器用固定件，所述固定件能够可拆卸地安装于所述两个离合器组件，从而能够使所述两个离合单元和所述对中式从动缸至少在所述双离合器的轴向上相对固定。
优选地，所述外毂的外周部形成有供润滑油进入或排出所述离合器组件的润滑油孔，所述润滑油孔用作与所述固定件的所述固定部分配合的孔。
更优选地，所述多个固定件能够以在所述双离合器的周向上均匀分布的方式安装于所述两个离合器组件。
更优选地，所述多个润滑油孔中的用于与所述固定件的所述固定柱配合的孔被标记出来或者具有与其它润滑油孔不同的排布方式和/或横截面形状。
更优选地，所述外毂的外周部形成有专供所述固定件的所述固定柱配合的多组孔。
本发明还提供了一种包括以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的双离合器的变速器的组装方法，该组装方法包括：
首先，利用双离合器用固定件连接所述两个离合器组件将两个离合器组件和对中式从动缸装配在一起，使得所述两个离合器组件和位于该两个离合器组件之间的所述对中式从动缸至少在所述轴的轴向上相对固定，形成预装配的双离合器组件；
其次，将包括预装配的双离合器组件的传动机构安装到变速器的壳体主 体中，测量所述传动机构的轴向尺寸以及所述壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于测量结果在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间装配衬垫，之后拆卸所述双离合器用固定件。
本发明还提供了一种包括以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的双离合器的变速器的组装方法，该组装方法包括：
首先，将包括所述双离合器的传动机构套装于轴，使得所述两个离合器组件以夹着所述对中式从动缸的方式在所述轴的轴向上并排配置；
其次，将套装有所述传动机构的所述轴安装于所述变速器的壳体主体内，使所述双离合器用固定件连接所述离合器组件，使得所述两个离合器组件和位于该两个离合器组件之间的所述对中式从动缸相对固定；
再者，测量所述传动机构的轴向尺寸以及所述壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于测量结果在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间装配衬垫，之后拆卸所述双离合器用固定件。
通过采用上述的技术方案，本发明提供了一种双离合器用固定件和包括该固定件的双离合器。在该双离合器中，包括两个离合器组件、位于这两个离合器组件之间的对中式从动缸以及以能够拆卸的方式安装于两个离合器组件的固定件。该固定件通过其固定柱与离合器组件的外毂的孔配合，实现两个离合器组件与对中式从动缸的相对固定，从而使得整个双离合器的轴向尺寸基本保持不变。可以理解，多个固定件还可以实现双离合器的离合器组件和对中式从动缸之间的周向固定。
这样，在包括上述双离合器的变速器的组装方法中，避免了背景技术中说明的由于双离合器的轴向尺寸变化导致的变速器组装故障的问题。此外，根据本发明的固定件在变速器的组装方法中被拆卸，也就是说变速器在组装完成之后根据本发明的固定件被拆卸，从而使得固定件能够反复应用于同类 型的双离合器，以节省成本。
附图说明
图1a是示出了一种双离合器的分解结构示意图；图1b是示出了图1a中的双离合器的组装状态的示意图；图1c是示出了图1a中的双离合器在组装状态下的局部剖视示意图。
图2a是示出了根据本发明的一实施方式的双离合器用固定件的立体结构示意图；图2b是示出了包括图2a中的双离合器用固定件的双离合器的组装状态的示意图。
附图标记说明
1离合器组件 11外毂 11h孔 12内毂 13离合单元
2对中式从动缸 21壳体 22活塞 23轴承 24预加载弹簧
3固定件 31本体部 32固定柱 33保持部。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本发明的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本发明，而不用于穷举本发明的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本发明的范围。
在本发明中，除非另有说明，否则轴向、径向和周向分别是指根据本发明的双离合器的轴向、径向和周向。以下参照附图说明根据本发明的一实施方式的双离合器用固定件的结构。
(根据本发明的一实施方式的双离合器用固定件的结构)
如图2a和图2b所示，根据本发明的双离合器用固定件3包括本体部31、多个(在本实施方式中为六个)固定柱32和多个(在本实施方式中为两个)保持部33，该固定件3至少用于实现背景技术中提及的双离合器的各部件在 轴向上基本相对固定。
具体地，在本实施方式中，本体部31整体形成为沿着彼此交叉的第一方向和第二方向延展的弧形板状。在如图2b所示的固定件3安装于双离合器的两个离合器组件1的情况下，第一方向为与双离合器的轴向一致的方向并且第二方向为与双离合器的周向一致的方向。这样，本体部31以与双离合器的两个离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2两者的外部周向轮廓的一部分匹配的方式延展为弧形板状，使得在固定件3安装于双离合器的两个离合器组件1的情况下能够紧贴两个离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2的外部轮廓，从而提高固定件3的固定效果。
在本实施方式中，六个固定柱32均形成为与离合器组件1的外毂11的孔11h匹配的圆柱形状，从而经由固定柱32与孔11h的配合使得固定件3安装于离合器组件1。六个固定柱32以从本体部31的一个表面朝向同一侧凸出的方式固定于本体部31。在第一方向上，六个固定柱32位于本体部31的两端部且位于两个保持部33的两侧，并且在本体部31的各端部分别设置大致沿着第二方向排列的三个固定柱32。另外，为了方便固定柱32插入离合器组件1的外毂11的对应的孔11h中，固定柱32的直径可以略小于孔11h的直径。
在本实施方式中，保持部33形成于本体部31，保持部33用于在安装/拆卸固定件3时保持固定件3。保持部33包括形成于本体部31的在第一方向上的大致中央部分且沿着第二方向排列的两个通孔。该通孔的大小和形状可以根据保持固定件3的工具的大小和形状来确定。
以下说明包括该双离合器用固定件3的双离合器的结构。
(根据本发明的双离合器的结构)
如图2b所示，根据本发明的双离合器包括两个离合器组件1、对中式从动缸2和三个双离合器用固定件3。
与图1a至图1c中所示的离合器组件1的结构类似地，根据本发明的双离合器的离合器组件1包括外毂11、内毂12以及位于外毂11和内毂12之间的离合单元13，该离合单元13包括设置于外毂11和内毂12且交替布置的摩擦盘和压板。外毂11的外周部形成有供润滑油进入/排出离合器组件1的离合单元13的多个润滑油孔，多个润滑油孔大致沿着双离合器的周向排列。在本实施方式中，部分润滑油孔用作与固定件3的固定柱32配合的孔11h。
与图1a至图1c中所示的对中式从动缸2的结构类似地，根据本发明的双离合器的对中式从动缸2在双离合器的轴向上位于两个离合器组件1之间并且用于控制两个离合器组件1的离合单元13接合/分离，这里对其结构不进行具体说明。
三个固定件3在双离合器的周向上均匀分布，各双离合器用固定件3的固定柱32分别插入两个离合器组件1的外毂11的孔11h中并且各双离合器用固定件3的本体部31紧贴双离合器的对应部位的外部轮廓，使得三个双离合器用固定件3以能够拆卸的方式安装于双离合器的两个离合器组件1，从而能够使双离合器的两个离合器组件1和位于该两个离合器组件1之间的对中式从动缸2至少在双离合器的轴向上相对固定。
以下说明包括该双离合器的变速器的组装方法。
(根据本发明的变速器的组装方法)
本发明还提供了包括上述双离合器的变速器的组装方法，该组装方法包括如下步骤。
首先，先利用双离合器用固定件将两个离合器组件和对中式从动缸装配在一起，使得所述两个离合器组件和位于该两个离合器组件之间的所述对中式从动缸至少在所述轴的轴向上相对固定，形成预装配的双离合器组件。
其次，将包括预装配的双离合器组件的传动机构安装到变速器的壳体主 体中，测量所述传动机构的轴向尺寸以及所述壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于测量结果在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间装配衬垫，之后拆卸所述双离合器用固定件。
替代地，组装方法也可以包括如下步骤：
首先，将包括双离合器的传动机构套装于变速器的轴(图中未示出)，使得两个离合器组件1以夹着对中式从动缸2的方式在轴的轴向上并排配置(如图2b所示)。
其次，将套装有传动机构的轴安装于变速器的壳体主体(图中未示出)。对整个双离合器进行加压，将双离合器用固定件3的固定柱32插装于离合器组件1的外毂11的孔11h中，借助于对中式从动缸1中的预加载弹簧24(如图1c所示)使得双离合器的两个离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2至少在双离合器的轴向上锁定在一起(即相对固定)。当然，替代地，也可以不利用变速器的轴而采用其他的工装设备，来利用双离合器用固定件3来将两个离合器组件1和对中式从动缸2进行锁定。
再者，测量传动机构的轴向尺寸以及变速器的壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于此选择适当的衬垫装配在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间，之后拆卸所有的双离合器用固定件3。
这样，利用上述组装方法，能够避免背景技术中所述的由于双离合器的轴向尺寸变化可能导致的变速器组装故障的问题。
应当理解，上述实施方式仅是示例性的，不用于限制本发明。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的教导下对上述实施方式做出各种变型和改变，而不脱离本发明的范围。另外，进行如下补充说明。
(i)应当理解，在变速器的组装方法中，根据本发明的双离合器用固定件3最终被拆卸，因此被拆卸的固定件3可以重复用于包括类型相同的双离 合器的变速器的组装。
(ii)虽然在以上的具体实施方式中没有明确说明，但是应当理解，根据本发明的双离合器用固定件3可以直接应用于图1a至图1c中所示的双离合器，而不用对双离合器的结构进行改变，因而节省了开发生成。
(iii)虽然在以上的具体实施方式中说明了保持部33包括形成于本体部31的两个孔且固定柱32为固定于本体部31的六个圆柱，但是本发明不限于此。保持部33可以根据所使用的保持工具的不同而形成为其它结构，保持部33的数量也可以根据需要设置成任意个。例如，在一个示例中，保持部33可以表现为朝向径向外侧(即，沿与固定柱32的凸出方向相反的方向)凸出的凸柱或凸片。在另一示例中，保持部33可以表现为朝向径向外侧(即，沿与固定柱32的凸出方向相反的方向)凸出的钩子或环。当然，保持部33也可以是多种结构的组合，例如上述的孔、凸柱、凸片、环、钩子中的至少两个的组合。
固定柱32也可以替换为与双离合器的其它结构匹配的所需的形状，例如为爪形或“L”形，该爪形或“L”形结构与离合器组件1的一侧相接合，并且能够在预加载弹簧24的作用下，通过两侧的爪形或“L”形结构夹持两个离合器组件1的一侧，以此将两个离合器组件1和位于两个离合器组件1之间的对中式从动缸2以预定的轴向间距固持在一起。
在离合器组件1的外毂11的外周部的孔11h位于外毂11的同一轴向位置时(即多个孔11h的轴向位置相同)，可以不必特别选择固定件3的固定柱32插入的孔11h，就可以确保两个离合器组件1之间的距离为设计距离，即预加载弹簧24如设计要求那样地被压缩。在离合器组件1的外毂11的外周部的孔11h呈S形布置的情况下，或者在多个孔11h以其它规则布置的情况下，可以在外毂11的预定孔11h或区域给出对应的指示标记，以指引固定件3的固定柱32插入到预定的孔11h中，保证两个离合器组件1之间的距离为设计距离，即 预加载弹簧24如设计要求那样地被压缩。
另外，还可以在离合器组件1的外毂11设置专供固定件3的固定柱32插入的孔，这些孔可以被特别地标记，或者这些孔与例如供润滑油进出的其它孔具有不同的排布形式或截面形状。用于与固定件3的固定柱32配合的孔不仅可以形成为通孔，还可以形成为盲孔。
(iv)可以在固定件3上设计标记以指示其安装方向，使固定件3的一端及对应的固定柱32与其中一个离合器组件1对应，使固定件3的另一端及对应的固定柱32与另一个离合器组件1对应；或者多个固定柱32中的至少两个固定柱32具有不同的形状和/或大小，而在离合器组件1的外毂11上形成有与其配合的孔，由此能够在配合结构上使得固定件3以预设的方式安装配合到相应地离合器组件1上。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种双离合器用固定件，所述固定件(3)包括：
    本体部(31)，所述本体部(31)以与所述双离合器的离合器组件(1)和对中式从动缸(2)两者的外部周向轮廓的一部分匹配的方式形成为板状；以及
    多个固定部分，所述固定部分用于与所述离合器组件(1)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双离合器用固定件，其特征在于，所述本体部(31)为弧形板状。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双离合器用固定件，其特征在于，所述固定件(3)还包括形成于所述本体部(31)的保持部(33)，所述保持部(33)用于在安装/拆卸所述固定件(3)时保持所述固定件(3)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双离合器用固定件，其特征在于，所述保持部(33)包括形成于所述本体部(31)的至少一个部件，所述部件为孔、柱、钩子、环中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的双离合器用固定件，其特征在于，
    所述多个固定部分形成为多个固定柱(32)，所述多个固定柱(32)从所述本体部(31)朝向一侧凸出，所述多个固定柱(32)位于所述本体部(31)的两端部，并且在所述本体部(31)的各端部，多个所述固定柱(32)大致沿一个方向顺序地排列。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的双离合器用固定件，其特征在于，所述固定柱(32)与所述外毂(11)的孔配合地连接，其中所述固定柱(32)的直径小于所述外毂(11)的孔的直径。
  7. 一种双离合器，其包括：
    两个离合器组件(1)，各所述离合器组件(1)分别包括外毂(11)、内毂(12)以及位于所述外毂(11)和所述内毂(12)之间的离合单元(13)；
    对中式从动缸(2)，所述对中式从动缸(2)用于在所述双离合器的轴向上安装于所述两个离合器组件(1)之间并且用于控制所述离合单元(13)的接合或分离；以及
    多个权利要求1至6中任一项所述的双离合器用固定件(3)，所述固定件(3)能够可拆卸地安装于所述两个离合器组件(1)，从而能够使所述两个离合单元(13)和所述对中式从动缸(2)至少在所述双离合器的轴向上相对固定。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双离合器，其特征在于，所述外毂(11)的外周部形成有供润滑油进入或排出所述离合器组件(1)的润滑油孔，所述润滑油孔用作与所述固定件(3)的所述固定部分配合的孔(11h)。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的双离合器，其特征在于，所述多个固定件(3)能够以在所述双离合器的周向上均匀分布的方式安装于所述两个离合器组件(1)。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的双离合器，其特征在于，所述多个润滑油孔中的用于与所述固定件(3)的所述固定柱(32)配合的孔(11h)被标记出来或者具有与其它润滑油孔不同的排布方式和/或横截面形状。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的双离合器，其特征在于，所述外毂(11)的外周部形成有专供所述固定件(3)的所述固定柱(32)配合的多组孔。
  12. 一种包括权利要求7至11中任一项所述的双离合器的变速器的组装方法，该组装方法包括：
    首先，利用双离合器用固定件连接所述两个离合器组件将两个离合器组件和对中式从动缸装配在一起，使得所述两个离合器组件和位于该两个离合器组件之间的所述对中式从动缸至少在所述轴的轴向上相对固定，形成预装配的双离合器组件；
    其次，将包括预装配的双离合器组件的传动机构安装到变速器的壳体主体中，测量所述传动机构的轴向尺寸以及所述壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于测量结果在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间装配衬垫，之后拆卸所述双离合器用固定件。
  13. 一种包括权利要求7至11中任一项所述的双离合器的变速器的组装方法，该组装方法包括：
    首先，将包括所述双离合器的传动机构套装于轴，使得所述两个离合器组件(1)以夹着所述对中式从动缸(2)的方式在所述轴的轴向上并排配置；
    其次，将套装有所述传动机构的所述轴安装于所述变速器的壳体主体内，使所述双离合器用固定件(3)连接所述离合器组件(1)，使得所述两个离合器组件(1)和位于该两个离合器组件(1)之间的所述对中式从动缸(2)相对固定；
    再者，测量所述传动机构的轴向尺寸以及所述壳体主体的轴向空间尺寸，基于测量结果在变速器的壳体主体与传动机构之间装配衬垫，之后拆卸所述双离合器用固定件(3)。
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