WO2022048517A1 - 一种转子发动机及其运行方法和运行参数的调控方法 - Google Patents

一种转子发动机及其运行方法和运行参数的调控方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048517A1
WO2022048517A1 PCT/CN2021/115349 CN2021115349W WO2022048517A1 WO 2022048517 A1 WO2022048517 A1 WO 2022048517A1 CN 2021115349 W CN2021115349 W CN 2021115349W WO 2022048517 A1 WO2022048517 A1 WO 2022048517A1
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Prior art keywords
rotor
arc
rotary engine
stator
wall
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PCT/CN2021/115349
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵新年
李军生
计超
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陕西新年动力科技集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048517A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048517A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/02—Methods of operating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F02B53/08—Charging, e.g. by means of rotary-piston pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/02—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/08—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/08—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F02B55/10—Cooling thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/14—Shapes or constructions of combustion chambers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and in particular relates to a rotary engine, an operating method thereof, and a method for regulating and controlling operating parameters.
  • the rotary engine uses the rotary motion of the rotor in the cylinder to control the compression and discharge. Unlike the traditional reciprocating piston engine, the linear reciprocating motion is changed to a rotary motion. Compared with the reciprocating engine, the rotary engine cancels the useless linear motion, so the rotary engine of the same power is smaller in size, lighter in weight, and lower in vibration and noise, becoming a novel and efficient engine technology in the automotive industry.
  • a more representative rotary engine technology is the triangular rotary engine of Mazda Company, such as the rotary piston engine disclosed in publication number CN101413436 and its design method, while its rotating part orbits the output shaft, it is parallel to the output shaft and The offset eccentric shaft rotates around the center, and the rotor is approximately triangular in shape when viewed from the shaft direction.
  • the rotary engine with this structure has high fuel consumption and low compression ratio, so it can only use the compression ignition type combustion method, which has restrictions on the type of fuel.
  • the rotor of the rotary engine rotates in the casing around the rotating shaft.
  • the space enclosed by the outer wall of the rotor and the inner wall of the casing is constantly changing, so that the oil and gas are mixed and burned to do work.
  • the movement of the piston brings about changes in the confined space in the engine.
  • the ratio of the largest volume to the smallest volume in the entire piston movement stroke is the compression ratio.
  • the same is true for rotary engines.
  • the rotation of the rotor in the casing makes the volume of the space between the rotor and the casing change continuously. The greater the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of this changing volume, the higher the fuel efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a rotary engine.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for regulating and controlling the operating parameters of the rotary engine
  • the third object of the present invention is to propose the operating method of the rotary engine.
  • a rotary engine includes a casing, and a rotor, wherein the rotor is located in the casing,
  • the housing is assembled from multiple parts, including an upper end cover, an outer offset cover, a stator, an inner offset cover and a lower end cover that are connected in sequence, and the stator has a three-lobed cavity surrounded by three arc-shaped inner walls.
  • the rotor is in the shape of "8" and is located in a three-lobed cavity inside the stator, and the arc of the head of the "8" is matched with the arc forming the three-lobed cavity; the rotor has an arc When the head of the "8"-shaped rotor is located in a cavity in the three-lobed cavity, the distance between the arc-shaped side wall of the rotor and the arc-shaped inner wall of the cavity is 1-3 mm;
  • a radially outward combustion chamber is opened on each arc-shaped inner wall of the three-lobed cavity, and there are a total of 3 symmetrically distributed combustion chambers on the stator (the three combustion chambers are not connected).
  • the shape of the opening of the combustion chamber on the arc-shaped inner wall is a circle or an ellipse, and the arc of the opening is 20-30% of the arc of the arc-shaped inner wall.
  • a preferred solution of the present invention is that the size of the opening is 10-50 mm, and the height of the opening is about 50-60% of the height of the stator.
  • combustion chamber is conical, facing outward along the radial direction of the stator, and the depth of the combustion chamber is 20-40 mm.
  • a preferred technical solution of the present invention is that a rotor is arranged in the housing, an inner and an outer cover are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotor, and lubricating oil passages are arranged in both the inner cover and the outer cover.
  • the inlet for injecting lubricating oil is on the outer wall of the partial cover, the lubricating oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the partial cover, and the partial cover is an outer partial cover and an inner partial cover.
  • the exhaust hole is arranged on the side wall of the stator, and the exhaust hole is rectangular or similar.
  • the lower end cover is provided with an air inlet and a coolant inlet;
  • the exhaust hole is arranged on the side wall of the stator, and the lower end cover is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port, and the air inlet is connected to the side wall of the stator.
  • the included angle of the axis of the coolant inlet is 80-95 degrees.
  • the air inlet and the coolant inlet independently of each other are rectangular or similar.
  • reinforcing ribs are provided on the lower end cover, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged around the main shaft mounting hole 102, and/or
  • the inner diameter of the main shaft mounting hole is 30-45 mm.
  • a preferred technical solution of the present invention is that two groups of holes are opened on the side wall of the rotor, each group has 2 holes, and the hole area of each group of holes is 10-30 cm 2 .
  • the two sets of holes are arranged symmetrically with respect to the long axis of the "8" shape.
  • the present invention proposes a method for regulating and controlling the operating parameters of the rotary engine, wherein two sets of holes are opened on the side wall of the rotor for intake and exhaust; size and adjust the displacement of the engine,
  • the hole area of each group of openings is 10-12cm 2 , and the displacement of the engine is 0.7-0.75 liters.
  • the hole area of each group of openings is 12-18cm 2 (excluding 12cm 2 ), and the displacement of the engine is 1.3-1.7 liters.
  • the hole area of each group of openings is 18-30 cm 2 (excluding 18 cm 2 ), and the displacement of the engine is 2.4-2.6 liters.
  • the displacement is related to the engine speed, and a group of speed parameters of the rotary engine of the present invention are:
  • a method for operating a rotary engine comprising:
  • the fuel of the rotary engine is oil, and the oil is one of kerosene, gasoline, diesel oil, and methanol;
  • the rotation of the rotor makes the gas and oil mix well in a swirling shape, so that the fuel is fully burned.
  • the inventor of the present invention has been engaged in the research and development of the rotary engine for many years, and has conducted a large number of tests. Based on the shape of the head of the rotor of the engine and the shape of the cavity of the stator, The spacing between the inner walls is adjusted to further improve the turbocharger capability of the rotary engine.
  • Two sets of symmetrically arranged holes are opened on the side wall of the rotor, and the area of the holes can adjust the displacement of the engine.
  • the invention adds a combustion chamber on the side wall of the rotor, when the head of the "8"-shaped rotor is located in a cavity in the three-lobed cavity, in addition to the arc-shaped side wall of the rotor and the arc-shaped inner wall of the cavity
  • the spacing provides combustion space, and there is an additional combustion space for the combustion chamber.
  • the conical shape of the combustion chamber provides a swirl space, which strengthens the oil-air mixing and makes the oil-air mixing more uniform.
  • the difference between the maximum stroke and the minimum stroke of the rotor is larger, thereby improving
  • the compression ratio can reach 22.3 when diesel is used as fuel.
  • the defect of engine intake and exhaust is referred to as the phenomenon of exhaust gas disturbance, which greatly affects the power efficiency.
  • the rotary engine of the present invention has no opening and closing cross phenomenon of piston engine and incomplete exhaust gas exhaust.
  • the intake and exhaust of the engine are clean and neat, and there is no phenomenon that the exhaust gas is mixed into the combustion chamber, and the power is reduced, and the power and efficiency are greatly improved.
  • Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the appearance of the rotary engine of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the stator
  • Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of stator and rotor cooperation
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rotor
  • 1 is the lower end cover
  • 101 is the main shaft mounting hole
  • 102 is the reinforcing rib
  • 2 is the stator
  • 3 is the casing
  • 4 is the main shaft
  • 5 is the air inlet
  • 6 is the coolant passage
  • 7 is the combustion chamber
  • 8 is the rotor
  • 9 is the three-lobed cavity
  • 10 is the bearing of the rotor
  • 11 is the opening on the side wall of the rotor
  • 12 is the exhaust port
  • 13 is the inner cover
  • 14 is the outer cover
  • 15 is the lubricating oil injection of imports.
  • a rotary engine includes a casing 3 and a rotor 8, the rotor 8 is located in the casing, and the casing is assembled from multiple parts, including an upper end cover, an outer biasing cover 14, a stator connected in sequence 2.
  • the inner partial cover 13 and the lower end cover 1, the stator has a three-lobed cavity 9 surrounded by three arc-shaped side walls (see FIG. 2, the three combustion chambers 7 are not connected to each other),
  • the rotor is "8"-shaped, located in the three-lobed cavity 9 inside the stator, and the arc of the head of the "8" is in phase with the arc that constitutes the three-lobed cavity Adaptation; there are three symmetrically distributed combustion chambers 7 on the arc-shaped inner wall of the three-lobed cavity.
  • Figure 3 shows the state when the head of the rotor is located in one of the three-lobed cavities, and the head of the rotor 8 has an arc-shaped side wall, when the head of the "8"-shaped rotor is located in the three-lobed cavity
  • the distance between the arc-shaped side wall of the rotor 8 and the arc-shaped inner wall of the cavity is 1-3 mm. This distance is represented by d in the figure.
  • the shape of the opening of the combustion chamber on the arc-shaped inner wall of the combustion chamber 7 is a circle or an ellipse, and the size of the opening is 10-50 mm.
  • the shape of the combustion chamber 7 is conical, facing outward along the radial direction of the stator, and the depth of the combustion chamber 7 is 20-40 mm.
  • a rotor 8 is arranged in the casing.
  • the upper and lower sides of the rotor are respectively provided with an inner biasing cover 13 and an outer biasing cover 14.
  • Both the inner biasing cover and the outer biasing cover are provided with lubricating oil passages.
  • the lubricating oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the inner partial cover (or the outer partial cover)
  • the inlet 15 for injecting the lubricating oil is on the outer wall of the partial cover
  • the lubricating oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the partial cover.
  • the lower end cover 1 is provided with an air inlet 5 and a cooling liquid passage 6 ; an exhaust hole 12 is provided on the side wall of the casing, and the included angle between the air inlet and the axis of the cooling liquid passage 6 is 90 degrees. Both the air inlet and the coolant inlet are rectangular.
  • the lower end cover 1 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 102, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged around the main shaft mounting hole 102.
  • each group has two holes, and the hole area of each group of holes is 10-30 cm 2 .
  • the openings 11 on the side walls of the two sets of rotors are arranged symmetrically with respect to the long axis of the "8" shape.
  • These two groups of holes are used for air intake and exhaust, and their functions can be interchanged: when the direction of the rotor changes, the air intake holes (a group of 2) are converted into air outlet holes, and the air outlet holes are converted into air intake holes.
  • the lower end cover 1 is made of aluminum alloy with a diameter of 512mm (without the addition of four ears, the addition of the ears is 600mm).
  • the length and width of the rotor are 349.3mm and 259.2mm, the thickness is 125mm, and the weight of this rotary engine is about 200kg.
  • the length of the gear shaft fixing the rotor is 282.75mm, and the thickness of the gland of the rotor (the inner cover and the outer cover, the thickness is the same) is 40mm.
  • the inner diameter of the spindle mounting hole 102 is 45 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the spindle mounting hole 102 is 35mm, and has a tolerance of 0.01mm with the spindle.
  • the outer diameter of the bearing 10 of the rotor is 130 mm.
  • the combustion chamber 7 is elliptical on the arc-shaped inner wall, see FIG. 3 , and the combustion chamber is in the shape of a cone.
  • the arc occupied by the opening of the combustion chamber is about 30 degrees, and the arc of the arc-shaped inner wall where it is located is 120 degrees.
  • the size of the opening of the combustion chamber is 58 mm in the short axis (the short axis of the opening is about 50 to 60% of the height of the stator), the long axis is 88 mm, and the depth is 40 mm.
  • each group of openings 11 on the rotor side wall is 21.86cm 2 (the two holes in each group are the same size), and the distance d between the arc side wall of the rotor and the arc inner wall of the three-lobed cavity of the stator is 3mm .
  • This embodiment is a method for regulating the operating parameters of a rotary engine based on the structure of Embodiment 1 and an operating method for a rotary engine in Embodiment 1:
  • the rotary engine After assembling the rotary engine, inject lubricating oil from the lubricating oil hole until it is full.
  • the lubricating oil circulates itself in the rotary engine to lubricate the rotors.
  • the fuel is diesel and the coolant is engine oil.
  • the rotary engine adopts compression ignition ignition, the compression ratio is above 17, and the temperature can reach 600-700 °C.
  • the rotor rotates to make the gas and oil fully mix in a swirl shape, so that the fuel can be fully burned.
  • this rotary engine has a displacement of 2.5 and a speed of 3000-5000.
  • the engine compression ratio is 22.3.
  • a rotary engine includes a casing, and a rotor 8, wherein the rotor 8 is located in the casing,
  • the casing is assembled from multiple parts, including an upper end cover, an outer offset cover 14, a stator 2, an inner offset cover 13 and a lower end cover 1 connected in sequence.
  • petal-shaped cavity 9 is assembled from multiple parts, including an upper end cover, an outer offset cover 14, a stator 2, an inner offset cover 13 and a lower end cover 1 connected in sequence.
  • the rotor is in the shape of "8" and is located in the three-lobed cavity inside the stator, and the arc of the head of the "8" matches the arc forming the three-lobed cavity; There are three symmetrically distributed combustion chambers on the arc-shaped inner wall of the cavity.
  • the component parameters of this embodiment are that the inner diameter of the spindle mounting hole 102 is 35 mm, and there is a tolerance of 0.01 mm with the spindle.
  • the opening of the combustion chamber is circular with an opening diameter of 60mm and a depth of 35mm.
  • the arc of the combustion chamber opening is about 30 degrees, and the arc of the arcuate inner wall where it is located is 120 degrees.
  • each group of openings 11 on the side wall of the rotor is 18 cm 2 , and the distance d between the arc-shaped side wall of the rotor and the arc-shaped inner wall of the three-lobed cavity of the stator is 2.5 mm.
  • the highest reinforcing rib on the lower end cover 1 (that is, the height at the point where the mounting hole of the main shaft is connected) is 26mm. This rotary engine weighs about 180 kg.
  • the present embodiment is a method for regulating and controlling the operating parameters of the rotary engine based on the structure of the third embodiment, and the operating method of the rotary engine in the third embodiment:
  • the fuel of the rotary engine is diesel
  • the compression ratio is 22.3
  • the displacement of the engine is 1.33
  • the rotational speed is 5000-7000.
  • This embodiment provides a rotary engine, including a casing and a rotor 8, the rotor 8 is located in the casing, and the casing is assembled from multiple parts, including an upper end cover, an outer offset cover 14, and a stator 2 connected in sequence. , the inner partial cover 13 and the lower end cover 1, the stator has a three-lobed cavity 9 surrounded by three arc-shaped side walls,
  • the rotor is in the shape of an "8" and is located in a three-lobed cavity inside the stator, and the arc of the head of the "8" matches the arc forming the three-lobed cavity;
  • the three-lobed cavity has an arc-shaped inner wall, and three symmetrically distributed combustion chambers are opened on the arc-shaped inner wall of the three-lobed cavity.
  • the opening of the combustion chamber 7 on the arc-shaped inner wall is elliptical, and the shape of the combustion chamber is cone.
  • the arc of the combustion chamber opening is about 32 degrees, and the arc of the arc-shaped inner wall where it is located is 120 degrees.
  • the combustion chamber depth is 30mm.
  • the component parameters of this embodiment are that the inner diameter of the main shaft mounting hole 102 is 30 mm, and there is a tolerance of 0.01 mm with the main shaft.
  • the hole area of each group of openings 11 on the side wall of the rotor is 12 cm 2 , and the distance d between the arc-shaped side wall of the rotor and the arc-shaped inner wall of the three-lobed cavity of the stator is 1.5 mm.
  • Lubricating oil circulates itself in the rotary engine to lubricate the rotors.
  • the fuel is diesel;
  • the fuel of the rotary engine is diesel with a compression ratio of 22.3.
  • the displacement of the engine is 0.7 and the speed is 7000-11000.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

一种转子发动机，包括壳体（3）和转子（8），转子（8）位于壳体（3）内，壳体（3）由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖（14）、定子（2）、内偏盖（13）和下端盖（1），定子（2）内部具有三段圆弧围成的三瓣形空腔（9），转子（8）为"8"字形，位于定子（2）内部的三瓣形空腔（9）中，"8"字的头部的弧与构成三瓣形空腔（9）的圆弧相适配；三瓣形空腔（9）具有弧形内壁，在三瓣形空腔（9）的弧形内壁上开有3个对称分布的燃烧室（7）。该转子发动机对转子（8）的弧形侧壁和定子（2）的三瓣形空腔（9）的弧形内壁的间距进一步调整，使发动机压缩比进一步改善。还公开了一种转子发动机运行参数的调控方法和一种转子发动机的运行方法。

Description

一种转子发动机及其运行方法和运行参数的调控方法 技术领域
本发明属于发动机技术领域，具体涉及一种转子发动机及其运行方法和运行参数的调控方法。
背景技术
转子发动机采用在缸体内的转子旋转运动来控制压缩和排放，不同于传统的往复活塞式发动机，把直线往复运动改成了旋转运动。与往复式发动机相比，转子发动机取消了无用的直线运动，因而同样功率的转子发动机尺寸较小，重量较轻，而且振动和噪声较低，成为汽车工业领域的新颖而高效的发动机技术。比较具有代表性的转子发动机技术是马自达公司的三角形转子发动机，例如公开号CN101413436所公开的转子活塞发动机及其设计方法，其转动部绕输出轴做轨道运动的同时，以平行于该输出轴且偏置的偏心轴为中心旋转，从轴方向看转子近似呈三角形状。该结构转子发动机油耗较大，压缩比较小，因此只能用压燃式的燃烧方式，对燃料种类有限制。
转子发动机的转子围绕转轴在壳体内旋转，随着旋转运动，转子外侧壁和壳体内壁围成的空间也在不断改变，使油气混合并燃烧做功。以活塞式发动机为例，活塞运动带来发动机内密闭空间的变化，整个活塞运动行程中容积最大和容积最小的比值即为压缩比，发动机的压缩比越高就代表着其性能越好。转子发动机也是一样，转子在壳体内转动使得转子与壳体之间空间容积不断变化，这个变化的容积的最大值和最小值之比越大、则燃油效率越高。
当前，对转子发动机的形状和结构研究开展的并不充分，通过改进结构来提高燃烧效率、延长转子发动机的运行寿命，是发动机行业最具挑战性的课题。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术的问题，本发明提供了一种转子发动机。
基于本发明提出的转子发动机，本发明的第二个目的是提出一种转子发动机运行参数的调控方法
本发明的第三个目的是提出所述的转子发动机的运行方法。
实现本发明上述目的的技术方案为：
一种转子发动机，包括壳体、和转子，所述转子位于壳体内，
所述壳体由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖、定子、内偏盖和下端盖，所述定子内部具有三段弧形内壁围成的三瓣形空腔，
所述转子为“8”字形，位于定子内部的三瓣形空腔中，“8”字的头部的弧与构成所述三瓣形空腔的圆弧相适配；所述转子具有弧形侧壁，当“8”字形转子的头部位于三瓣形空腔中的一个空腔时，转子的弧形侧壁和该空腔的弧形内壁间距为1～3mm；
在所述三瓣形空腔的每段弧形内壁上开有有径向向外的燃烧室，定子上共3个对称分布的燃烧室(3个燃烧室不联通)。
进一步优选地，燃烧室在所述弧形内壁上的开口形状为圆形或椭圆形，开口的弧度为所在弧形内壁的弧度的20～30％。本发明的一种优选方案为，开口尺寸为10～50mm，开口的高度约为定子高度的50～60％。
其中，所述燃烧室为锥形，沿定子的径向方向朝外，燃烧室深度为20～40mm。
本发明的一种优选技术方案为，在壳体内设置一个转子，转子上面和下面分别设置有内偏盖和外偏盖，内偏盖和外偏盖内均设置有润滑油路。
进一步地，注入润滑油的进口在偏盖外壁上，润滑油路沿偏盖的径向设置，所述偏盖为外偏盖和内偏盖。
本发明的又一优选技术方案为，排气孔设在定子的侧壁上，排气孔为矩形或类似矩形。
其中，所述下端盖上设置有进气口和冷却剂进口；排气孔设在定子的侧壁上，在所述下端盖上设置有进气口和排气口，所述进气口与冷却剂进口的轴线的夹角为80～95度。优选地，所述进气口与冷却剂进口互相独立地为矩形或类似矩形。
其中，所述下端盖上设置有加强筋，多条加强筋围绕主轴安装孔102而设，和/或
所述主轴安装孔的内径为30～45mm。
本发明的一种优选技术方案为，在所述转子的侧壁上开有两组孔，每组有2个，每组开孔的孔面积为10～30cm 2。优选这两组孔相对于“8”字形的长轴对称布置。
基于本发明的转子发动机结构，本发明提出一种转子发动机运行参数的调控方法，，在所述转子侧壁上开有两组孔，用于进气和排气；通过调整转子侧壁开孔尺寸而调整发动机的排量，
每组开孔的孔面积为10～12cm 2，发动机的排量为0.7～0.75升，
每组开孔的孔面积为12～18cm 2(不包括12cm 2)，发动机的排量为1.3～1.7升，
每组开孔的孔面积为18～30cm 2(不包括18cm 2)，发动机的排量为2.4～2.6升。
排量和发动机转速相关，本发明转子发动机的一组转速参数为：
排量0.7，转速7000-11000
1.33   5000-7000
2.5    3000-5000。
一种转子发动机的运行方法，包括：
组装完成所述转子发动机后，从润滑油孔注入润滑油；
所述转子发动机的燃料为油，所述油是煤油、汽油、柴油、甲醇中的一种；
转子转动使气和油以漩涡状充分混合，使燃料充分燃烧。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明的发明人对转子发动机多年从事研究开发，进行了大量试验，基于本发动机转子的头部形状和定子的空腔形状，对转子的弧形头部和定子三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁之间的间距进行调整，从而使转子发动机增压能力进一步提高，
在转子侧壁上开两组对称布置的孔，孔的面积大小可调整发动机的排量，两组孔分别用于进气和排气，作用可以互换，给加工和安装带来便利；
本发明在转子的侧壁上增加了燃烧室，当“8”字形转子的头部位于三瓣形空腔中的一个空腔时，除了转子的弧形侧壁和该空腔的弧形内壁间距提供燃烧空间，还额外有燃烧室的燃烧空间，燃烧室的锥形形状提供涡旋空间，加强了油气混合，使油气混合更加均匀，转子最大行程和最小行程的差值更大，从而提高了压缩比，以柴油为燃料时压缩比可达22.3。
发动机进气、排气的缺陷简称为废气搅扰现象，极大的影响功率效率，本发明转子发动机，进气，排气没有活塞发动机的打开和关闭交叉现象及废气排不尽缺陷，这款转子发动机进气，排气运行干净利落，丝毫没有废气混入燃烧室现象，而降低功率，功率及效率大大提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明转子发动机外观的立体视图；
图2为定子的俯视图；
图3为定子和转子配合的立体示意图；
图4为转子的立体视图；
图中，1为下端盖，101为主轴安装孔，102为加强筋，2为定子，3为壳体，4为主轴，5为进气口，6为冷却液道，7为燃烧室，8为转子，9为三瓣形空腔，10为转子的轴承，11为转子侧壁上的开孔，12为排气口，13为内偏盖，14为外偏盖，15为注入润滑油的进口。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例中，如无特殊说明，所采用的技术手段均为本领域已有的技术手段。
实施例1
参见图1，一种转子发动机，包括壳体3、和转子8，所述转子8位于壳体内，所述壳体由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖14、定子2、内偏盖13和下端盖1，所述定子内部具有三段弧形侧壁围成的三瓣形空腔9(参见图2，3个燃烧室7互不联通)，
参见图3和图4，所述转子为“8”字形，位于定子内部的三瓣形空腔9中,“8”字的头部的弧与构成所述三瓣形空腔的圆弧相适配；在三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁上开有3个对称分布的燃烧室7。
图3示出转子的头部位于三瓣形空腔中的一个空腔时的状态，所述转子8头部具有弧形侧壁，当“8”字形转子的头部位于三瓣形空腔中的一个空腔时，转子8的弧形侧壁和该空腔的弧形内壁间距为1～3mm。图中以d表示该间距。
燃烧室7在所述弧形内壁上燃烧室的开口形状为圆形或椭圆形，开口尺寸为10～50mm。燃烧室7的形状为锥形，沿定子的径向方向朝外，燃烧室7深度为20～40mm。
本实施例的转子发动机在壳体内设置一个转子8，转子上面和下面分别设置有内偏盖13和外偏盖14，内偏盖和外偏盖内均设置有润滑油路，本实施例中，润滑油路是沿内偏盖(或外偏盖)的径向设置，注入润滑油的进口15在偏盖外壁上，润滑油路沿偏盖的径向设置。
在下端盖1上设置有进气口5和冷却液道6；排气孔12设在壳体的侧壁上，所述进气口与冷却液道6的轴线的夹角为90度。所述进气口与冷却剂进口均为矩形。
本实施例中，下端盖1上设置有多条加强筋102，多条加强筋围绕主轴安装孔102而设，加强筋为三角形，加强筋高(即连接主轴安装孔处的高度)为30mm。
在所述转子8的侧壁上开有两组孔，每组有2个，每组开孔的孔面积为10～30cm 2。这两组转子侧壁上的开孔11相对于“8”字形的长轴对称布置。这两组孔是用于进气和排气，作用可以互换：转子方向改变，则进气孔(一组2个)转换为出气孔，出气孔转换为进气孔。
本实施例的部分部件参数为：下端盖1为铝合金材质，直径512mm(不加四个耳朵，加上耳朵是600mm)。
转子的长宽是349.3mm和259.2,厚度是125mm，本转子发动机重量约200公斤。固定转子的齿轮轴的长度为282.75mm，转子的压盖(内偏盖和外偏盖，厚度一样)的厚度为40mm。本实施例中，所述主轴安装孔102的内径为45mm。主轴安装孔102的内径为35mm，和主轴有0.01mm的公差。转子的轴承10的外径为130mm。
燃烧室7在所述弧形内壁上椭圆形，参见图3，该燃烧室的形状为锥型。燃烧室开口所占的弧度约30度，其所在弧形内壁的弧度为120度。燃烧室开口尺寸为短轴58mm(开口的短轴约为定子的高度的50～60％)、长轴88mm，深度40mm。转子侧壁上的开孔11每组的孔面积为21.86cm 2(每组的两个孔一样大小)，转子的弧形侧壁和定子三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁的间距d为3mm。
实施例2
本实施例为基于实施例1结构调控转子发动机运行参数的方法以及实施例1转子发动机的运行方法：
组装完成所述转子发动机后，从润滑油孔注入润滑油，至加满。润滑 油在转子发动机内自循环，以润滑转子。本运行实施例中，燃料为柴油，冷却剂为机油。本转子发动机采用压燃点火，压缩比达到17以上，温度即可达600-700℃，运行时，转子转动使气和油以漩涡状充分混合，使燃料充分燃烧。
以柴油为燃料，本转子发动机的排量为2.5，转速3000-5000。发动机压缩比为22.3。
实施例3
一种转子发动机，包括壳体、和转子8，所述转子8位于壳体内，
所述壳体由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖14、定子2、内偏盖13和下端盖1，所述定子内部具有三段弧形侧壁围成的三瓣形空腔9，
所述转子为“8”字形，位于定子内部的三瓣形空腔中,“8”字的头部的弧与构成所述三瓣形空腔的圆弧相适配；在三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁上开有3个对称分布的燃烧室。
本实施例的部件参数为主轴安装孔102的内径为35mm，和主轴有0.01mm的公差。燃烧室的开口为圆形，开口直径为60mm，深度为35mm。燃烧室开口的弧度约30度，其所在弧形内壁的弧度为120度。
转子侧壁上的开孔11每组的孔面积为18cm 2，转子的弧形侧壁和定子三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁的间距d为2.5mm。下端盖1上加强筋最高(即连接主轴安装孔处的高度)为26mm。本转子发动机重量约180公斤。
本实施例转子发动机其他结构同实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例为基于实施例3结构调控转子发动机运行参数的方法，以及实施例3转子发动机的运行方法：
组装完成所述转子发动机后，从润滑油孔注入润滑油，至加满。润滑油在转子发动机内自循环，以润滑转子。
本运行实施例中，所述转子发动机的燃料为柴油，压缩比22.3，发动 机的排量为1.33，转速5000-7000。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种转子发动机，包括壳体、和转子8，所述转子8位于壳体内，所述壳体由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖14、定子2、内偏盖13和下端盖1，所述定子内部具有三段弧形侧壁围成的三瓣形空腔9，
所述转子为“8”字形，位于定子内部的三瓣形空腔中,“8”字的头部的弧与构成所述三瓣形空腔的圆弧相适配；
所述三瓣形空腔具有弧形内壁，在三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁上开有3个对称分布的燃烧室。燃烧室7在所述弧形内壁上的开口为椭圆形，燃烧室的形状为锥型。燃烧室开口的弧度约32度，其所在弧形内壁的弧度为120度。燃烧室深度30mm。
本实施例的部件参数为主轴安装孔102的内径为30mm，和主轴有0.01mm的公差。转子侧壁上的开孔11每组的孔面积为12cm 2，转子的弧形侧壁和定子三瓣形空腔的弧形内壁的间距d为1.5mm。
本实施例转子发动机其他结构同实施例1。
实施例6
本实施例为基于实施例5结构调控转子发动机运行参数的方法以及实施例5转子发动机的运行方法：
组装完成所述转子发动机后，从润滑油孔注入润滑油，至加满。润滑油在转子发动机内自循环，以润滑转子。本运行实施例中，燃料为柴油；
所述转子发动机的燃料为柴油，压缩比22.3。发动机的排量为0.7，转速7000-11000。
虽然，以上通过实施例对本发明进行了说明，但本领域技术人员应了解，在不偏离本发明精神和实质的前提下，对本发明所做的改进和变型，均应属于本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转子发动机，包括壳体和转子，所述转子位于壳体内，其特征在于，
    所述壳体由多部分组装而成，包括顺序连接的上端盖、外偏盖、定子、内偏盖和下端盖，所述定子内部具有三段弧形侧壁围成的三瓣形空腔，
    所述转子为“8”字形，位于定子内部的三瓣形空腔中，“8”字的头部的弧与构成所述三瓣形空腔的圆弧相适配；所述转子具有弧形侧壁，当“8”字形转子的头部位于三瓣形空腔中的一个空腔时，转子的弧形侧壁和该空腔的弧形内壁间距为1～3mm；
    在所述三瓣形空腔的每段弧形内壁上开有径向向外的燃烧室，定子上共有3个对称分布的燃烧室。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，燃烧室在所述弧形内壁上燃烧室的开口形状为圆形或椭圆形，开口的弧度为所在弧形内壁的弧度的20～30％。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，所述燃烧室为锥形，沿定子的径向方向朝外，燃烧室深度为20～40mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，在壳体内设置一个转子，转子上面和下面分别设置有内偏盖和外偏盖，内偏盖和外偏盖内均设置有润滑油路。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，注入润滑油的进口在偏盖外壁上，润滑油路沿偏盖的径向设置，所述偏盖为外偏盖和内偏盖。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，所述下端盖上设置有进气口和冷却剂进口；所述进气口与冷却剂进口的轴线的夹角为80～95度；所述进气口与冷却剂进口互相独立地为矩形。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，所述下端盖上设置有加强筋，多条加强筋围绕主轴安装孔而设，所述主轴安装孔的内径 为30～45mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的转子发动机，其特征在于，在所述转子的侧壁上开有两组孔，每组有2个，每组开孔的孔面积为10～30cm 2。
  9. 一种转子发动机运行参数的调控方法，其特征在于，
    在所述转子侧壁上开有两组孔，用于进气和排气；通过调整转子侧壁开孔尺寸而调整发动机的排量，
    每组开孔的孔面积为10～12cm 2，发动机的排量为0.7～0.75升，
    每组开孔的孔面积为12～18cm 2，发动机的排量为1.3～1.7升，
    每组开孔的孔面积为18～30cm 2，发动机的排量为2.4～2.6升。
  10. 一种转子发动机的运行方法，其特征在于，包括：
    组装完成所述转子发动机后，从润滑油孔注入润滑油；
    所述转子发动机的燃料为油，所述油是煤油、汽油、柴油、甲醇中的一种；
    转子转动使气和油以漩涡状充分混合，使燃料充分燃烧。
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