WO2022048392A1 - 一种通信方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048392A1
WO2022048392A1 PCT/CN2021/110967 CN2021110967W WO2022048392A1 WO 2022048392 A1 WO2022048392 A1 WO 2022048392A1 CN 2021110967 W CN2021110967 W CN 2021110967W WO 2022048392 A1 WO2022048392 A1 WO 2022048392A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
network element
registration
amf network
indication
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PCT/CN2021/110967
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张成晨
朱强华
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048392A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H04W60/02—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration by periodical registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/18—Processing of user or subscriber data, e.g. subscribed services, user preferences or user profiles; Transfer of user or subscriber data
    • H04W8/20—Transfer of user or subscriber data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/18—Processing of user or subscriber data, e.g. subscribed services, user preferences or user profiles; Transfer of user or subscriber data
    • H04W8/20—Transfer of user or subscriber data
    • H04W8/205—Transfer to or from user equipment or user record carrier

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, apparatus, and system.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • periodic registration needs to be performed after entering the idle state, so that the network can know whether the terminal still needs to connect to the network. If the terminal does not periodically register in time, it will be implicitly deregistered by the network, thereby deleting the relevant information of the terminal (for example, the context information and session information of the terminal).
  • the terminal may choose to leave the communication system corresponding to one of the cards (hereinafter referred to as the current system), and enter the communication system corresponding to the other card. In this case, the terminal enters the idle state in the current system, and if it does not return to the current system in time, it may cause an implicit deregistration. If implicit de-registration occurs, since the network side has deleted the relevant information of the terminal, if the terminal needs to restore the previous communication, the terminal needs to perform re-initial registration and re-establish the session, which will bring a lot of signaling and cause delay, thus affect the user experience.
  • MUSIM universal subscriber identity modules
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, and system, so that the first terminal in a device with multiple global subscriber identity cards does not need to initiate periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires after leaving the first system , and when the periodic registration timer expires, even if the terminal does not initiate periodic registration, it will not be implicitly deregistered by the network side temporarily.
  • a communication method comprising: an access and mobility management AMF network element in a first system receiving first information from a first terminal.
  • the device where the first terminal is located has multiple global subscriber identity cards, and the first terminal corresponds to the first global subscriber identity card among the multiple global subscriber identity cards.
  • the first system is a system accessed by the first terminal.
  • the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal according to the first information.
  • the first indication is used to indicate that the first terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the first terminal uses first information to negotiate with an AMF network element in the first system, and does not perform a negotiation after the AMF network element allows the first terminal to enter an idle state in the first system.
  • the AMF network element may use the first indication to indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after the state of the first terminal in the first system is an idle state. In this way, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine that it does not need to initiate periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • the first terminal may also determine that when the periodic registration timer expires, even if the first terminal does not initiate periodic registration, it will not be implicitly deregistered by the network side temporarily.
  • the first terminal entering the idle state in the first system may be: the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system because the first terminal leaves the first system.
  • the first terminal entering the idle state in the first system may be: the first terminal does not leave the first system, causing the first terminal to enter the idle state in the first system.
  • the first indication indicates that the first terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state due to leaving the first system. In this way, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, so it is not necessary to initiate periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the AMF network element determines, according to the first information, that the first terminal is allowed to enter the idle state in the first system because it leaves the first system and does not perform a period register.
  • the first information includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the pause period registration indication is used to indicate that the first terminal expects not to perform period registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the AMF network element can be explicitly instructed that the first terminal expects not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system because of leaving the first system.
  • the first information includes a second indication for indicating that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • This method indicates to the AMF network element in an implicit indication manner that the first terminal expects not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system receives the first information from the first terminal, including: the AMF network element receives the message X from the first terminal.
  • the message X is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • the message X carries the first information.
  • the message X may be an uplink NAS message used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • it can negotiate with the AMF network element whether to allow periodic registration not to be performed.
  • the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system, and is used to indicate to the AMF network element whether to allow the first terminal to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the first information may include a first indication and a suspension period registration indication.
  • the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system receiving the first information from the first terminal includes: the AMF network element receiving the information including the first information from the first terminal Third message.
  • the third message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system. In this way, when the first terminal registers in the first system, it is convenient for the network side to negotiate whether to allow the first terminal to leave the first system and does not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the AMF network element determines that the first terminal is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system .
  • the AMF network element sends a third indication to the first terminal.
  • the third indication does not allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. So that the first terminal determines through the third instruction that the network side no longer allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, so that after the first terminal receives the third instruction It is judged whether periodic registration in the first system is required to restore the connection with the first system.
  • the AMF network element first allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system through the first instruction. However, after sending the first indication, the core network element in the first system has data that needs to be sent to the first terminal, so the AMF network element can send the third indication to the first terminal.
  • the first system is a system in which the first global subscriber identity card of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the access and mobility management AMF network elements in the first system receive information from the first global subscriber identity card.
  • the first information of a terminal includes: the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal through the second type of access. Or, the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal through the first network element.
  • the first system is a system in which the first global subscriber identity card of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal according to the first information, It includes: the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal through the second type of access or the first network element.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the first time value is used to indicate the first timer duration of the implicit deregistration of the first terminal in the first system. In this way, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine that even if the first terminal does not perform periodic registration before the expiration of the first timer for implicit de-registration, it will not be implicitly de-registered by the AMF network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: after the first terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state in the AMF network element, the AMF network element skips the execution of the mobility reachable timing start of the device. That is, the AMF network element does not start the mobility reachable timer.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: after the first terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state in the AMF network element, the AMF network element starts an implicit de-registration timer .
  • the duration of the implicit deregistration timer is greater than or equal to the first time value. In this way, it can be ensured that the first terminal has not been implicitly deregistered by the AMF network element after the first time value, so that the first terminal can quickly restore the connection with the first system before the duration of the implicit deregistration timer.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: at the first moment, the AMF network element starts a timer.
  • the timer is used to record the duration that the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system because it leaves the first system, and the first time is the time when the connection state of the first terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration for the first terminal in the first system.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: when the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, the AMF network element sends the first terminal to the access network. a message.
  • the first message is used to request the access network to page the first terminal, and to indicate in the paging message that the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration of the first terminal.
  • This solution can realize that before the first terminal is not implicitly de-registered, if the first terminal still does not resume communication with the first system at this time, when the AMF network element needs to send data to the first terminal, or the AMF network element prepares in advance When the terminal is implicitly deregistered (that is, before the first time value arrives) or the AMF network element does not send the first time value to the first terminal, the AMF network element is notified to the first terminal that the AMF network element is about to implicitly deregister the first terminal, so that The first terminal determines whether to resume the connection with the first system according to the paging message.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: when the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, the AMF network element accesses the Or the first network element sends the second message to the first terminal.
  • the second message is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element receives the fourth message or the fifth message from the first terminal.
  • the fourth message is used to request the registration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the registration type in the fourth message is mobile registration update.
  • the registration type in the fifth message is initial registration, and the fifth message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • both the fourth message and the fifth message may be registration request messages.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a first terminal sending first information to an access and mobility management AMF network element in a first system.
  • the first information is used by the AMF network element to determine whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the device where the first terminal is located has multiple global subscriber identity cards, the first terminal corresponds to the first global subscriber identity card among the multiple global subscriber identity cards, and the first system is a system accessed by the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication from the AMF network element.
  • the first indication is used to indicate that the first terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the pause period registration indication is used to indicate that the first terminal expects not to perform period registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system, and is used to indicate that the first terminal expects to leave the first system and enter the idle state in the first system without Periodic registration.
  • the first information includes the second indication and the suspension period registration indication.
  • the first information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • the first information is carried in a message X, where the message X is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • sending the first information to the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system by the first terminal includes: the first terminal sends the third information to the AMF network element in the first system. information.
  • the third message includes the first information. Wherein, the third message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first terminal receives a third indication from an AMF network element.
  • the third indication indicates that the first terminal is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first system is a system in which the first USIM of the first terminal accesses through the first type, and the first terminal sends the first USIM to the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system.
  • the information includes: the first terminal sends the first information to the AMF network element through the second type of access or the first network element.
  • the first system is a system in which the first USIM of the first terminal accesses through the first type, and the first terminal receives the first indication from the AMF network element, including: The second type of access or the first network element receives the first indication from the AMF network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first terminal receiving the first time value from the AMF network element.
  • the first time value is used to indicate the first timer duration of the implicit deregistration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: at the second moment, the first terminal starts the third timer and the first timer.
  • the value of the first timer is the first time value.
  • the second moment is the moment when the state of the first terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the third timer expires, the first terminal does not actively initiate periodic registration, but saves the expiration record.
  • the first timer expires, the first terminal performs an implicit de-registration in the first system.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: at the second moment, the first terminal starts a third timer, and the second moment is the state of the first terminal in the AMF network element The moment from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the third timer expires, the first terminal does not initiate periodic registration, but saves an expiration record of periodic registration.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first terminal receives a paging message from the access network, where the paging message is used to instruct the AMF network element to execute a paging message on the first terminal. Implicitly deregister.
  • a fourth indication is included in the paging message. The fourth indication is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal. Or the fourth indication is used to instruct the first terminal to be paged, so that the first terminal can determine that the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: when the third timer expires and there is an expired record, if the first condition is satisfied, the first terminal sends a message to the AMF network element.
  • a fourth message is sent.
  • the fourth message is used to request the registration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the registration type in the fourth message is mobile registration update.
  • the first condition includes any one or more of the following: the first timer does not expire, the first terminal receives the paging message and resumes the connection with the first system within a preset time, and the first terminal does not receive the paging message or first time value.
  • the preset time can be carried in the paging message.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: when the first timer expires, or the first terminal receives the paging message, but does not respond to the paging within a preset time message, the first terminal sends the fifth message to the AMF network element.
  • the registration type in the fifth message is initial registration, and the fifth message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • both the fourth message and the fifth message may be registration request messages.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which can implement the first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and thus can also implement the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the communication device may be an AMF network element, or a device that supports the AMF network element to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, such as a chip applied to the AMF network element.
  • the communication device may implement the above method through software, hardware, or through hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the communication apparatus is applied in the first system, the apparatus includes: a communication unit and a processing unit, the communication unit is used for receiving or sending information.
  • the processing unit is used to process information.
  • the communication unit is used for receiving the first information from the first terminal.
  • the device where the first terminal is located has multiple global subscriber identity cards, and the first terminal corresponds to the first global subscriber identity card among the multiple global subscriber identity cards.
  • the first system is a system accessed by the first terminal.
  • the processing unit is configured to send the first indication to the first terminal through the communication unit according to the first information.
  • the first indication is used to indicate that the first terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the first information, to allow the first terminal to enter an idle state in the first system without performing periodic registration due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the pause period registration indication is used to indicate that the first terminal expects not to perform period registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the AMF network element can be explicitly instructed that the first terminal expects not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information includes a second indication for indicating that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • This method indicates to the AMF network element in an implicit indication manner that the first terminal expects not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the communication unit is configured to receive a message X from the first terminal, where the message X is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • the message X carries the first information.
  • the message X may be an uplink NAS message used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system, and is used to indicate to the AMF network element whether to allow the first terminal to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the first information may include a first indication and a suspension period registration indication.
  • the communication unit is configured to receive a third message including the first information from the first terminal.
  • the third message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system. In this way, when the first terminal registers in the first system, it is convenient for the network side to negotiate whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine that the first terminal is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the communication unit is further configured to send a third indication to the first terminal.
  • the third indication does not allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. So that the first terminal determines through the third instruction that the network side no longer allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, so that after the first terminal receives the third instruction It is judged whether periodic registration in the first system is required to restore the connection with the first system.
  • the AMF network element first allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system through the first instruction. However, after sending the first indication, the core network element in the first system has data that needs to be sent to the first terminal, so the AMF network element can send the third indication to the first terminal.
  • the first system is a system in which the first global subscriber identity card of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the communication unit is further configured to receive data from the first user through the second type of access.
  • the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal through the first network element.
  • the first system is a system in which the first global subscriber identity card of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the communication unit is used for accessing through the second type or the first network element Send the first indication to the first terminal.
  • the communication unit is further configured to send the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the first time value is used to indicate the first timer duration of the implicit deregistration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to skip executing the start of the mobility reachable timer.
  • the processing unit is further configured to start the implicit de-registration timer.
  • the duration of the implicit deregistration timer is greater than or equal to the first time value. In this way, it can be ensured that the first terminal has not been implicitly deregistered by the AMF network element after the first time value, so that the first terminal can quickly restore the connection with the first system before the duration of the implicit deregistration timer.
  • the processing unit is further configured to start a timer.
  • the timer is used to record the duration that the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system because it leaves the first system, and the first time is the time when the connection state of the first terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration for the first terminal in the first system.
  • the communication unit when the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, the communication unit is further configured to send the first message to the access network.
  • the first message is used to request the access network to page the first terminal, and to indicate in the paging message that the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration of the first terminal.
  • This solution can realize that before the first terminal is not implicitly de-registered, if the first terminal still does not resume communication with the first system at this time, when the AMF network element needs to send data to the first terminal, or the AMF network element prepares in advance When the terminal is implicitly deregistered (that is, before the first time value arrives) or the AMF network element does not send the first time value to the first terminal, the AMF network element is notified to the first terminal that the AMF network element is about to implicitly deregister the first terminal, so that The first terminal determines whether to resume the connection with the first system according to the paging message.
  • the communication unit when the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, the communication unit is further configured to access the first terminal through the second type or the first network element to the first terminal.
  • the terminal sends the second message.
  • the second message is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive the fourth message or the fifth message from the first terminal.
  • the fourth message is used to request the registration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the registration type in the fourth message is mobile registration update.
  • the registration type in the fifth message is initial registration, and the fifth message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • both the fourth message and the fifth message may be registration request messages.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the AMF network element implements a communication method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit in the chip (eg, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the AMF network element.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which can implement the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, and thus can also implement the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device may be a first terminal, or may be a device that supports the first terminal to implement the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, for example, a chip applied to the first terminal.
  • the communication device may implement the above method through software, hardware, or through hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the communication apparatus is a first terminal or a chip or a chip system applied in the first system, and the apparatus includes: a communication unit and a processing unit, where the communication unit is used for receiving or sending information.
  • the processing unit is used to process information.
  • the communication unit is configured to send the first information to the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system.
  • the first information is used by the AMF network element to determine whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the device where the first terminal is located has multiple global subscriber identity cards, the first terminal corresponds to the first global subscriber identity card among the multiple global subscriber identity cards, and the first system is a system accessed by the first terminal.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive the first indication from the AMF network element. The first indication is used to indicate that the terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and entering an idle state in the first system.
  • the first information includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the pause period registration indication is used to indicate that the first terminal expects not to perform period registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system, and is used to indicate that the first terminal expects to leave the first system and enter the idle state in the first system without Periodic registration.
  • the first information includes the second indication and the suspension period registration indication.
  • the first information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • the first information is carried in a message X, where the message X is used to indicate that the first terminal is about to leave the first system.
  • the communication unit is configured to send the third message to the access and mobility management AMF network element in the first system.
  • the third message includes the first information.
  • the third message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive a third indication from the AMF network element.
  • the third indication indicates that the first terminal is no longer allowed to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state.
  • the first system is a system in which the first USIM of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the communication unit is further configured to access the AMF through the second type or the first network element The network element sends the first information.
  • This solution can be applied to the process of negotiating with the network side whether the periodic registration is not allowed after the first terminal leaves the first system.
  • the first system is a system in which the first USIM of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the communication unit is further configured to receive information from the second type of access or the first network element.
  • the first indication of the AMF network element is a system in which the first USIM of the first terminal is accessed through the first type, and the communication unit is further configured to receive information from the second type of access or the first network element. The first indication of the AMF network element.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive the first time value from the AMF network element.
  • the first time value is used to indicate the first timer duration of the implicit deregistration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the first terminal starts the third timer and the first timer.
  • the value of the first timer is the first time value.
  • the second moment is the moment when the state of the first terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the processing unit is further configured to not initiate periodic registration actively (ie, skip the periodic registration process), but save the expiration record.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform implicit de-registration in the first system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to start a third timer, and the second moment is when the state of the first terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state time.
  • the processing unit is further configured to not initiate periodic registration actively (ie, skip the periodic registration process), but save the expiration record of periodic registration.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive a paging message from the access network, where the paging message is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • a fourth indication is included in the paging message. The fourth indication is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal. Or the fourth indication is used to instruct the first terminal to be paged, so that the first terminal can determine that the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the communication unit when the third timer expires and an expired record exists, if the first condition is satisfied, the communication unit is further configured to send a fourth message to the AMF network element.
  • the fourth message is used to request the registration of the first terminal in the first system.
  • the registration type in the fourth message is mobile registration update.
  • the first condition includes any one or more of the following: the first timer does not expire, the first terminal receives the paging message and resumes the connection with the first system within a preset time, and the first terminal does not receive the paging message or first time value.
  • the preset time can be carried in the paging message.
  • the communication unit when the first timer expires, or the first terminal receives the paging message but fails to respond to the paging message within a preset time, the communication unit is further configured to send the AMF
  • the network element sends the fifth message.
  • the registration type in the fifth message is initial registration, and the fifth message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • both the fourth message and the fifth message may be registration request messages.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the first terminal implements a communication method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit (eg, a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or a storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the first terminal.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program or instruction is stored, and when the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes the steps from the first aspect to the first aspect.
  • the computer may be an AMF network element.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program or instruction is stored, and when the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes the steps from the second aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the computer may be the first terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when the instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect or a communication method described in various possible implementations of the first aspect .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when the instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to execute a communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device for implementing various methods in various possible designs of any one of the foregoing first aspect to the second aspect.
  • the communication device may be the above-mentioned first terminal, or a device including the above-mentioned first terminal, or a component (eg, a chip) applied in the first terminal.
  • the communication device may be the above-mentioned AMF network element, or a device including the above-mentioned AMF network element, or the communication device may be a component (eg, a chip) applied in the AMF network element.
  • the communication device includes corresponding modules and units for implementing the above method, and the modules and units may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing corresponding software in hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect above may further include: a bus and a memory, where the memory is used to store codes and data.
  • the at least one processor communication interface and the memory are coupled to each other.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes: a transceiver and at least one processor. Wherein, at least one processor communicates with the transceiver, and when the communication device is running, the at least one processor executes the computer-executed instructions or programs stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the first aspect or the first aspect above.
  • the communication device may be an AMF network element, or a chip applied in the AMF network element.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes: a transceiver and at least one processor. Wherein, at least one processor communicates with the transceiver, and when the communication device is running, the at least one processor executes the computer-executed instructions or programs stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the second aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the communication device may be the first terminal, or a chip applied in the first terminal.
  • the communication apparatus described in any one of the tenth to eleventh aspects may further include a memory, and the memory may also be replaced by a storage medium, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory described in any one of the tenth to eleventh aspects may be the memory inside the communication device, of course, the memory may also be located outside the communication device, but at least one processor still Computer-implemented instructions or programs stored in the memory can be executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes one or more modules for implementing the method of any one of the first aspect and the second aspect, the one or more modules It may correspond to each step in the method of any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, where the chip system includes at least one processor, where the processor is configured to read and execute a computer program stored in a memory, so as to execute the first aspect and any possible implementations thereof method in .
  • the chip system may be a single chip, or a chip module composed of multiple chips.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory and the processor are connected to the memory through a circuit or a wire. Further optionally, the chip system further includes a communication interface. The communication interface is used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, where the chip system includes a processor, and the processor is configured to read and execute a computer program stored in a memory, so as to execute the second aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof. method.
  • the chip system may be a single chip, or a chip module composed of multiple chips.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory and the processor are connected to the memory through a circuit or a wire. Further optionally, the chip system further includes a communication interface. The communication interface is used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes: a first terminal and an AMF network element in the first system.
  • the first terminal is configured to execute the method in the second aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof
  • the AMF network element is configured to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.
  • any device or computer storage medium or computer program product or chip or communication system provided above is used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effect that can be achieved can refer to the corresponding provided above. The beneficial effects of the corresponding solutions in the method will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a 5G network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a non-3GPP access provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6a-6b are schematic flowcharts of the communication method in different situations provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 are schematic diagrams of specific embodiments of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and effect.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal are only for distinguishing different terminals, and the sequence of the first terminal is not limited.
  • the words “first”, “second” and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second” and the like are not necessarily different.
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • At least one means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • at least one item (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c may be single or multiple .
  • the system architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the provided method is used in the LTE system or the NR system or the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5th-Generation, 5G) network as an example for description.
  • the mobility reachable timer starts when the terminal enters the idle state (5GMM-IDLE mode) and stops when the N1NAS signaling connection is established. If the mobility reachability timer expires or expires, the AMF network element determines that the terminal is unreachable. Generally, after the mobility reachability timer expires, the AMF network element will start an implicit de-registration timer and stop paging the terminal. If the N1NAS signaling connection is established, the implicit deregistration timer stops. Otherwise, if the implicit de-registration timer expires, the AMF network element implicitly de-registers the terminal.
  • 5GMM-IDLE mode the idle state
  • MME mobile management entity
  • Periodic registration timer (periodic registration timer), the terminal side is used by the terminal to determine the timer for periodic registration. If the terminal accesses the connection system through 3GPP, the AMF network element will provide the terminal with the value of the periodic registration timer in the registration process. The periodic registration timer starts when the terminal leaves the connected state and stops when it enters the connected state or deregisters. When the periodic registration timer expires, the terminal shall perform periodic registration.
  • FIG. 1 provides a communication system according to an embodiment of the application, the system includes: a device 10, an access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element 20 in the system 1, Access and mobility management function network element 30 in system 2.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • the device 10 is a multi-universal subscriber identity module (MUSIM) card terminal, that is, the device 10 has a plurality of global subscriber identity (universal subscriber identity module, USIM) cards.
  • the device 10 includes a plurality of terminals, such as a terminal a and a terminal b, wherein the terminal a corresponds to the USIM card 1 in the device 10 , and the terminal b corresponds to the USIM card 2 in the device 10 . That is, the device 10 may be a device including a terminal a and a terminal b.
  • the system 1 is a system to which the terminal a accesses through the USIM card 1 and the access network device 40 in the system 1 .
  • the system 2 is a system to which the terminal b uses the USIM card 2 and the access network device 50 in the system 2 to access.
  • the devices 10 may be distributed in a wireless network, and each device may be static or mobile.
  • the system 1 includes not only an access network device 40 accessed by the terminal a through the USIM card 1 , but also a core network (core network, CN) device accessed by the terminal a through the USIM card 1 .
  • the core network equipment may include the AMF network element 20 .
  • the system 2 includes not only an access network device 50 accessed by the terminal b through the USIM card 2 , but also a core network (core network, CN) device accessed by the terminal b through the USIM card 2 .
  • the core network equipment may include the AMF network element 30 .
  • the device 10 in this embodiment of the present application may support multiple reception or single reception, but the device 10 cannot communicate with the system 1 and the system 2 at the same time. If terminal a in device 10 is currently accessing system 1 and remains connected to system 1, terminal b leaves system 2 at this time. If the device 10 wishes to use the terminal b to communicate with the system 2 again, the terminal a can leave the system 1, and then the terminal b resumes the communication with the system 2.
  • Terminal a leaving system 1 means that terminal a disconnects from the network of system 1, including the connection with the core network, the connection with the access network equipment, etc., that is, after terminal a leaves system 1, terminal a in system 1 The state will change from connected to idle.
  • Single sending means that the terminal is only allowed to send data through one USIM card at the same time
  • single receiving means that the terminal is only allowed to receive data through one USIM card at the same time.
  • the terminal is not allowed to receive and send simultaneously through two USIMs, that is, two USIM cards are not allowed to communicate with two systems at the same time.
  • Scenario 1 Taking device 10 as a mobile phone as an example, if device 10 is multi-receiving, if the user is using USIM card 1 in the mobile phone to answer a call, and then the mobile phone receives an incoming call from USIM card 2, if the user chooses to answer the USIM card 2, then it can be considered that the mobile phone leaves the system accessed by the mobile phone through the USIM card 1, and the mobile phone is connected to another system through the USIM card 2.
  • the device 10 can only receive an incoming call from the USIM card 1 at the same time. If the user is using the USIM card 1 in the mobile phone to answer the call, if the user actually wants to receive an incoming call from the USIM card 2, then the user can choose to end using the USIM card 1 to answer the call, and leave the system that the mobile phone is connected to through the USIM card 1, and The mobile phone is connected to another system and another system through the USIM card 2 to check whether an incoming call from the USIM card 2 is received.
  • scenario 1 and scenario 2 are only examples of a terminal leaving the currently accessed system, and do not constitute a limitation to the present application.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a 4G network architecture, a 5G network architecture, and other network architectures that appear in the future, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the access network device 40 or the access network device 50 may be the (wireless) access network ((radio) in the 5G network. access network, (R)AN) device.
  • the access and mobility management function network element 20 or the access and mobility management function network element 30 may be composed of a packet core network (evolved packet core, EPC). NEs, such as MME replacement.
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the access network device may be a network device in the 4G network architecture.
  • the system 1 may also include: a user plane function (UPF) ) network element, session management function (SMF) network element, unified data management (UDM) network element, policy control function (PCF) network element, application function (AF) ) network element, data network (DN), network slice selection function (NSSF) network element, network capability exposure function (NEF) network element, user data repository (UDR) ), and a network repository function (NRF) network element, which is mainly used for network element discovery.
  • UPF user plane function
  • SMF session management function
  • UDM unified data management
  • PCF policy control function
  • AF application function
  • NEF network slice selection function
  • NEF network capability exposure function
  • UDR user data repository
  • NRF network repository function
  • the terminal accesses the network through the (R)AN device, and the terminal communicates with the AMF network element through the N1 interface (N1 for short).
  • the SMF network element communicates with one or more UPF network elements through the N4 interface (N4 for short).
  • the UPF network element communicates with the DN through the N6 interface (N6 for short).
  • the (R)AN device communicates with the AMF network element through an N2 interface (N2 for short).
  • the (R)AN device communicates with the UPF network element through the N3 interface (N3 for short).
  • the network elements of the control plane may also use a service-oriented interface for interaction. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the AMF network element, the SMF network element, the UDM network element, or the PCF network element use a service-oriented interface for interaction.
  • the service interface provided externally by the AMF network element may be Namf.
  • the service interface provided by the SMF network element externally may be Nsmf.
  • the service interface provided by the UDM network element externally can be Nudm.
  • the service interface provided by the PCF network element externally may be Npcf.
  • the service interface provided by the NSSF network element externally can be Nnssf.
  • the service interface provided by the NEF network element externally may be Nnef.
  • the service interface provided by the AF network element externally can be Naf.
  • the service interface provided by the NRF network element externally may be Nnrf.
  • control plane network elements use service interfaces to interact as an example.
  • the control plane network elements can also communicate in the following ways: AMF entities communicate with SMF network elements through the N11 interface (N11 for short) communication. Any two UPF network elements in one or more UPF network elements communicate through an N9 interface (N9 for short).
  • the SMF network element communicates with the PCF network element through the N7 interface (N7 for short), and the PCF network element communicates with the AF network element through the N5 interface.
  • Any two AMF network elements communicate through the N14 interface (N14 for short).
  • the SMF network element communicates with the UDM through the N10 interface (N10 for short).
  • the AMF network element communicates with the AUSF through the N12 interface (N12 for short).
  • the AUSF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N13 interface (N13 for short).
  • the AMF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N8 interface (N8 for short).
  • FIG. 2 only exemplarily shows a UPF network element and an SMF network element.
  • this may include multiple UPF network elements and SMF network elements, such as including SMF network element 1 and SMF network element 2, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the (R)AN equipment, AMF network element, SMF network element, UDM network element, UPF network element and PCF network element in FIG. 2 are only a name, and the names do not limit the equipment itself.
  • the network elements or entities corresponding to (R)AN equipment, AMF network elements, SMF network elements, UDM network elements, UPF network elements and PCF network elements may also have other names.
  • the UDM network element may also be replaced by a user home server (home subscriber server, HSS) or a user subscription database (user subscription database, USD) or a database entity, etc., which are described here in a unified manner, and will not be repeated in the future. .
  • the first type of access in the embodiment of this application is the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP) access, and the included access technology type (RAT TYPE) may be NG-RAN, E-UTRAN, UTRAN , NB-IoT, etc.
  • the terminal 10 may use 3GPP access network equipment to connect to the network.
  • the access network device may be a base station.
  • gNB Next Generation Node Basestation
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • the second type of access is non-3rd Generation Partnership Project (non-3rd Generation Partnership Project, non-3GPP) access.
  • the non-3GPP access technology can be an untrusted non-3GPP access technology, a trusted non-3GPP access technology, or a Wireline 5G Access Network (W-5GAN), etc.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the architecture of a terminal using 3GPP access to connect to a network in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal in addition to 3GPP access, can also connect to the 5G core network through non-3GPP access (for example, , AMF network elements in the 5G core network).
  • non-3GPP access for example, , AMF network elements in the 5G core network.
  • the network elements in the 5G core network are the same as the network elements in the 5G core network shown in FIG. 2 . Specifically, reference may be made to the network element in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the N3IWF network element is used to implement an untrusted non-3GPP access network to access the 5G core network through this network element.
  • SMF network element session management functions such as session establishment, modification and release, including maintaining the tunnel between UPF and AN nodes. IP address assignment and management of terminals (including optional authorization). Configure traffic routing on UPF NEs. Termination of the session management part of the NAS message.
  • Terminal a device that allows users to access network services.
  • the interface between the terminal and the network is a wireless interface.
  • Terminals may include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems with wireless communication capabilities; may also include subscriber units, cellular phones ), smart phone (smart phone), wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, tablet computer, wireless modem (modem), handheld device (handheld), laptop computer (laptop computer), Cordless phone (cordless phone) or wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC) terminal, user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), Terminal device or relay user equipment, etc.
  • the relay user equipment may be, for example, a 5G home gateway (residential gateway, RG).
  • 5G home gateway residential gateway, RG
  • the terminals in the embodiments of the present application may be terminals in various vertical industry application fields such as Internet of Things terminal equipment, ports, smart factories, railway transportation, logistics, unmanned aerial vehicles, and unmanned vehicles.
  • mobile robots mobile robots
  • AGVs automated guided vehicles
  • unmanned vehicles control equipment and sensors on trains, control equipment and sensors deployed in factories, etc.
  • the terminal may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices, which are the general term for the intelligent design of daily wear and the development of wearable devices using wearable technology, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.
  • Wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-scale, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, which needs to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones. Use, such as all kinds of smart bracelets, smart jewelry, etc. for physical sign monitoring.
  • the terminal can also be a sensor device applied to a factory.
  • FIG. 4 provides a control plane protocol stack of a communication system.
  • the control plane protocol stack of a terminal sequentially includes from top to bottom: non-access stratum (NAS) layer, radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer and physical layer (PHY) layer.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RLC radio link control
  • medium access control medium access control
  • MAC medium access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • the control plane protocol stack of the gNB includes, from top to bottom, an RRC layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and a PHY layer.
  • the protocol stack of the AMF network element includes the NAS layer.
  • RRC connection A connection established between the terminal and the gNB through the RRC protocol, where the RRC protocol is a part of the control plane protocol stack.
  • the terminal When the terminal is in the connected state, there is an RRC connection between the terminal and the RAN, and if the RRC connection is released, the terminal enters the idle state.
  • NAS signaling connection a one-to-one connection between a terminal and a core network element.
  • N1NAS signaling connection a one-to-one connection between the terminal and the AMF network element.
  • terminal a in order to minimize the impact of terminal a leaving system 1 currently communicating on system 1, when terminal a leaves system 1, terminal a needs to negotiate with system 1, that is, when terminal a leaves system 1, terminal a communicates with system 1
  • the core network of the terminal a indicates that it is about to leave the system 10, and the core network can determine the processing method of the downlink data sent to the terminal a according to the instruction, such as buffering, discarding or paging the terminal a.
  • the terminal needs to perform periodic registration after leaving the system to which it accesses and enters an idle state, so that the network (which can refer to the core in the system to which the terminal is accessed) needs to perform periodic registration.
  • the network for example, 5G core network or 4G core network
  • the network knows whether the terminal still needs to connect to the network. If the terminal does not register in time, it will be deregistered by the network, thereby deleting the relevant information of the terminal.
  • the terminal starts a periodic registration timer, and the value of the periodic registration timer is sent to the terminal by the AMF network element during the registration process.
  • the AMF network element After the terminal enters the idle state, the AMF network element starts a mobility reachable timer, and the value of the mobility reachable timer is greater than the value of the periodic registration timer. If the terminal is still in an idle state in system 1 after the mobility reachability timer expires, the AMF network element considers the terminal to be unreachable, and starts an implicit deregistration timer. If the terminal is still in an idle state in the system 1 after the implicit de-registration timer expires, the AMF network element implicitly de-registers the terminal.
  • the relevant information of the terminal may refer to release session, terminate session management/access management policy association, remove association of SMF network element with DNN and PDU session ID, terminal context release and so on.
  • Implicit de-registration in this embodiment of the present application refers to the network performing de-registration on the terminal locally without notifying the terminal.
  • the non-3GPP de-registration timer is directly started after entering the idle state.
  • the value of the non-3GPP de-registration timer is sent to the terminal by the AMF network element during the registration process.
  • the AMF network element starts a non-3GPP implicit deregistration timer, and the value of the non-3GPP implicit deregistration timer is greater than the value of the non-3GPP deregistration timer. If the non-3GPP deregistration timer expires, the terminal implicitly deregisters. If the non-3GPP implicit de-registration timer expires, the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration.
  • the terminal-side implicit de-registration timer may also be referred to as a de-registration timer, and this application does not limit the name.
  • terminal a when terminal a is leaving the current system 1, terminal a provides a release instruction and release auxiliary information to the AMF network element, and the release instruction is used to indicate that terminal a will leave the current system 1 and release auxiliary information. It includes: terminal a expects the network to trigger the downlink service to arrive at the indicated session or service, and terminal a will leave the expected time period of the service network.
  • terminal a wants to restore the connection with the current system 10
  • terminal a directly sends a service request or a registration request to the AMF network element, and the AMF network element instructs the SMF network element to restore the user plane of the session according to the information provided by terminal a.
  • the first terminal uses the first information to negotiate with the AMF network element in the first system, and the AMF network element allows the first terminal to leave the first system and enter the first system.
  • the AMF network element may use the first indication to indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to leave the first system and the state in the first system is idle after the state is idle. Periodic registration. In this way, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine that after leaving the first system, periodic registration may not be initiated when the periodic registration timer expires. In addition, the first terminal may also determine that when the periodic registration timer expires, even if the first terminal does not initiate periodic registration, it will not be implicitly deregistered by the network side temporarily.
  • the specific structure of the execution body of a communication method is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of the communication method of the embodiment of the present application can be executed according to the present application.
  • a communication method according to the embodiment of the application can be used for communication.
  • the execution body of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a functional module in the first terminal capable of calling and executing a program, or a communication device applied in the first terminal, for example, a chip, a chip system, integrated circuits, etc. These chips, chip systems, and integrated circuits may be disposed inside the first terminal, or may be independent from the first terminal, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the execution body of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a functional module in an AMF network element that can call a program and execute the program, or a communication device applied in the AMF network element, for example, a chip, a chip system, an integrated circuit Etc., these chips, chip systems, and integrated circuits may be disposed inside the AMF network element, or may be independent from the AMF network element, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application is illustrated in the manner of interaction between a terminal and an AMF network element, and the communication method includes:
  • Step 501 The first terminal sends the first information to the AMF network element in the first system.
  • the AMF network element receives the first information from the AMF network element.
  • the first information is used to request whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system.
  • the first information is used to request whether to allow the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and entering an idle state in the first system.
  • Not performing periodic registration may refer to: after the third timer (periodic registration timer) of the first terminal expires, the first terminal may temporarily not initiate periodic registration with the first system.
  • the device where the first terminal is located (such as device 10) has multiple global user identification cards, the first terminal corresponds to the first global user identification card among the multiple global user identification cards, and the first system is accessed by the first terminal. system.
  • the first terminal may be terminal a
  • the first system may be system 1 .
  • the first USIM of the first terminal accesses the first system through the first type.
  • the first type of access may be 3GPP access.
  • the first information may be message X, or the first information may be carried in message X as a field.
  • the first information is a message sent by the first terminal to the AMF network element when preparing to leave the first system, then the first message in this embodiment of the present application is an uplink NAS message.
  • the first information may be a message sent by the first terminal to the AMF network element when the first terminal registers in the first system. Then, the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal requests to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • a terminal For example, the first information may be a registration request message.
  • the first information may be a message sent to the AMF network element after the first terminal leaves the first system.
  • the first terminal after the first terminal leaves the first system, it sends an uplink NAS message to the AMF network element through non-3GPP access, where the uplink NAS message is the first information.
  • Step 502 The AMF network element sends a first indication to the first terminal according to the first information.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication from the AMF network element.
  • the first indication is used by the first terminal to determine that the AMF network element allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system, or the first indication is used to instruct the AMF network element to allow the first terminal to operate in the first system. Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the first indication is used for the first terminal to determine that the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, or the first indication is used to instruct the AMF network The element allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first terminal entering the idle state in the first system in the embodiment of the present application may refer to: the state of the first terminal in the first system becomes the idle state due to the first terminal leaving the first system.
  • the first terminal entering the idle state in the first system in this embodiment of the present application may refer to: because the first terminal does not leave the first system, the state of the first terminal in the first system becomes the idle state .
  • the state of the first terminal in the first system changes to an idle state due to the first terminal leaving the first system as an example.
  • the first indication in this embodiment of the present application may be a message for the first terminal to determine that the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal when it is determined according to the first information that the first terminal is allowed to enter the idle state in the first system without performing periodic registration after leaving the first system.
  • the method may further include: the AMF network element, based on the local policy and/or the subscription data of the terminal, decides whether to allow the first terminal to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the local policy includes the following information: if the device where the first device is located is a multi-USIM card device, the first terminal is allowed to suspend periodic registration. If the device where the first terminal is located is not a multi-USIM card device, the first terminal is not allowed to not perform periodic registration, or the first terminal is required to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. If the expected time for the first terminal to leave the first system exceeds a preset value, the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration.
  • the AMF network element does not allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration, or requires the first terminal to enter idle in the first system due to leaving the first system Periodic registration is performed after the state is activated.
  • the AMF network element may acquire the subscription data of the first terminal from the UDM network element, or the AMF network element has the subscription data of the first terminal.
  • the subscription data of the first terminal includes indication information of whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • step 503 The first terminal enters an idle state in the first system according to the first instruction Period registration is not performed afterwards. That is, the process of periodic registration is not performed.
  • the first terminal does not perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. That is, the process of periodic registration is not performed.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the first terminal uses first information to negotiate with an AMF network element in the first system, and does not perform a negotiation after the AMF network element allows the first terminal to enter an idle state in the first system.
  • the AMF network element may use the first indication to indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after the state of the first terminal in the first system is an idle state. In this way, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine that it does not need to initiate periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • the first terminal may also determine that when the periodic registration timer expires, even if the first terminal does not initiate periodic registration, it will not be implicitly deregistered by the network side temporarily.
  • the first terminal can negotiate with the network side at different stages whether to allow the first terminal to leave the first system and not perform periodic registration after the state in the first system is idle, the following will be introduced separately:
  • Example 1 In the stage when the first terminal leaves the first system, the first terminal negotiates with the network whether the first terminal does not perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and entering an idle state in the first system.
  • the first terminal Since the first terminal is still in the connected state in the first system when the first terminal is about to leave the first system, that is, it is not disconnected from the first system, the first terminal can negotiate with the network whether to allow the first terminal The terminal does not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system because it leaves the first system.
  • the first terminal may indicate implicitly or explicitly that the first terminal requests the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, which will be introduced separately below.
  • the first information includes a suspension period registration indication (also referred to as: no period registration indication), or the first information is a suspension period registration indication.
  • the pause period registration indication is used to indicate that the first terminal expects not to perform period registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • Example 1.1 when the first terminal leaves the first system, the first terminal indicates to the network side that the first terminal expects to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. Then, when the first information includes the suspension period registration indication, the first information is message 1 .
  • the message 1 is a message indicating that the first terminal will leave the first system, in other words, the message 1 includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the first information is carried in message 1.
  • the message 1 may also include: release indication and release auxiliary information.
  • the release indication is used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • the release auxiliary information includes: the first terminal expects the network to trigger the session or service indicated by the arrival of the downlink service, and the expected time when the first terminal will leave the first system. For example, if the AMF network element determines that the expected time that the first terminal will leave the first system is greater than the preset time threshold, the first terminal is allowed to not perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and is in an idle state in the first system.
  • the content of message 1 can be expressed as: ⁇ pause period registration indication, release indication, release auxiliary information ⁇ .
  • the first information may also be located in the release auxiliary information.
  • the first information is an indicator "0", and the indicator "0" is located in the release auxiliary information as a field.
  • message 1 may be an uplink NAS message.
  • the uplink NAS message may be a message sent by the terminal to the AMF network element when the terminal leaves the first system. Since a connection state is still maintained between the terminal and the first system, an uplink NAS message can be sent to the AMF network element.
  • the AMF network element may determine, according to the suspending periodic registration instruction, that the first terminal expects that the first terminal does not perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information includes a second indication for indicating that the first terminal is to leave the first system.
  • the first information includes the expected duration that the first terminal will leave the first system, or the first information is the second indication.
  • the first information When the first information includes the second indication or the expected duration that the first terminal will leave the first system, the first information is message 1 .
  • the message 1 is a message indicating that the first terminal will leave the first system, in other words, the message 1 includes the second indication or the expected duration that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • the first information is carried in message 1 .
  • Example 1.2 if the first information does not include the suspension period registration indication, but the AMF network element receives the second indication or the expected duration that the first terminal will leave the first system, then the AMF network element may also determine that the first terminal requests Whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • Example 1.2 when the terminal leaves the first system, the first terminal indicates to the network side that the first terminal expects not to perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and the state in the first system is idle. Then, Message 1 may be used to indicate that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • the first information may also be indication information indicating that the device where the first terminal is located is a multi-USIM card device, and the AMF network element determines, according to the indication information, to allow the first terminal to be in the first system due to leaving the first system. Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the AMF network element may determine, according to the second indication or the expected duration, that the first terminal expects that the terminal does not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the AMF network element determines according to message 1 that the first terminal will leave the first system, and allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the message 1 may not include the second indication or the expected duration that the first terminal will leave the first system.
  • Example 1.2 the AMF network element determines whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system based on the expected duration and/or the periodic registration update timer value.
  • the first indication may be carried in message 2 as a field.
  • the first indication is message 2 .
  • the message 2 may be a downlink NAS message.
  • the first indication is indicator 1
  • the first indication is indicator 2
  • the first indication is indicator 2, which means that periodic registration is not allowed.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the first time value is used to indicate the duration of the first timer implicitly deregistered by the first terminal in the first system, that is, the first time value is the running duration of the first timer on the first terminal side.
  • the first timer refers to a timer started by the first terminal after the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first terminal performs an implicit de-registration when the first timer expires.
  • the first timer may be an implicit deregistration timer on the first terminal side.
  • the first time value and the first indication are carried in the same message, such as message 2. In another example, the first time value and the first indication are carried in different messages.
  • the first indication may also be a first time value, so that the AMF network element can implicitly indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system. Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state.
  • the AMF network element provides the first time value to the first terminal, and the first terminal can determine whether it has been implicitly deregistered by the network side based on the received first time value, so that when returning to the first system, it can Recover to connected state more quickly in different ways.
  • the first terminal determines that the network side (eg, an AMF network element) has implicitly deregistered the first terminal, and performs an initial registration process to restore the connected state in the first system.
  • the registration type is mobile registration update when executing the registration process, so as to restore the connected state in the first system.
  • step 501 in this embodiment of the present application may be implemented by the following step 601a or step 601b:
  • Step 601a the first terminal sends the first information including the suspension period registration indication to the AMF network element, and correspondingly, the AMF network element receives the first information including the suspension period registration indication from the first terminal.
  • the first terminal sends a suspension period registration indication to the AMF network element.
  • the AMF network element decides whether to allow the first terminal not to perform periodic registration based on the local policy and/or subscription data of the first terminal.
  • Step 601b the first terminal sends the first information to the AMF network element, and correspondingly, the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal.
  • the first information includes a desired duration or a second indication for the first terminal to leave the first system.
  • the AMF network element after the AMF network element receives the uplink NAS message from the first terminal instructing the first terminal to leave the first system, the AMF network element based on the local policy and/or the first The subscription data of the terminal determines whether to allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system because it leaves the first system.
  • Step 602a is the same as step 502, and will not be repeated here.
  • the AMF network element if the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration, the AMF network element also sends the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 602b the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal, and correspondingly, the first terminal receives the first time value from the AMF network element.
  • the first timer duration used to indicate that the first terminal is implicitly de-registered in the first system.
  • the process of the AMF network element sending the first time value to the first terminal can be omitted, that is, the AMF network element does not send the first time value to the first terminal. value.
  • the first terminal may also determine that the AMF network element allows the first terminal to leave the first system due to the AMF network element However, the periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state in the first system. It should be noted that, when the first indication and the first time value are carried in the same message, step 602b may be omitted.
  • the above-mentioned first indication and first time value are sent to the first terminal through different messages.
  • the above step 503 can be implemented in the following ways:
  • Step 603 The first terminal determines not to perform periodic registration before the first timer expires.
  • the first terminal can determine that even if the first terminal does not perform periodic registration before the first timer expires, the network side will not temporarily hide the to register the first terminal. In other words, the first terminal determines that it needs to perform periodic registration after the first timer expires, so as to prevent implicit deregistration by the network side.
  • the first terminal may also perform periodic registration to restore the connection with the first system.
  • the first timer is a maximum period of time during which periodic registration may not be performed after the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system and is provided by the AMF network element to the first terminal.
  • the AMF network element provides the first time value to the first terminal as an example, of course, the first terminal adopts any of step 601a or step 601b.
  • the AMF network element may not provide the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the AMF network element allows the first terminal to leave the first system and stay in the AMF network element. Periodic registration is not performed after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • the AMF network element does not send the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the default AMF network element allows the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the AMF network element receives an uplink NAS message from the first terminal instructing the first terminal to leave the first system, even if the uplink NAS message does not carry a registration pause period indication, the AMF network element will allow the first terminal to leave the first system due to leaving the first terminal.
  • a system does not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system.
  • the message 2 may further include: Instructions.
  • the indication information indicates that the first terminal is allowed not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first terminal can determine, according to the indication information, that the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the message 2 may also not include the indication information.
  • Fig. 6a is mainly for the way in which the first terminal and the AMF network element perform implicit de-registration when the AMF network element provides the first time value
  • Fig. 6b is mainly for the first terminal and the AMF when the AMF network element does not provide the first time value
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 604a At the second moment, the first terminal starts the third timer and the first timer.
  • the value of the first timer is the first time value.
  • the second moment is the moment when the first terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the second time is the time determined by the first terminal when the first terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the third timer is a periodic registration timer
  • the first timer is an implicit deregistration timer
  • Step 605a When the third timer expires, the first terminal does not actively initiate periodic registration, but saves the expiration record.
  • the expiration record indicates that the third timer expires.
  • Step 606a when the first timer expires, the first terminal performs implicit de-registration in the first system.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 607a At the first moment, the AMF network element does not start the mobility reachability timer (that is, the AMF network element skips the execution of the start of the mobility reachability timer).
  • the first moment is the moment when the connection state of the terminal in the AMF network element changes from the connected state to the idle state.
  • the AMF network element can start the mobility reachability timer. After the mobility reachability timer expires, and the terminal is still in an idle state, the AMF network element considers that the terminal is unreachable. In this case, although the AMF network element starts the mobility reachability timer, when the mobility reachability timer expires, the second timer is not started.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 608a At the first moment, the AMF network element starts a second timer, and the value of the second timer is greater than the first time value.
  • Step 609a When the second timer expires, if the connection state of the terminal in the AMF network element is an idle state, the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration on the terminal.
  • the first moment is the moment obtained from the perspective of the AMF network element when the terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state in the AMF network element.
  • the second moment in step 604a is the moment obtained from the terminal point of view when the terminal changes from the connected state to the idle state in the AMF network element.
  • the first moment and the second moment may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element according to the local policy, the subscription data of the first terminal, and the expected departure provided by the first terminal One or more of the duration, the movement model determines the first time value.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Step 610a After the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system, the AMF network element sends a paging request to the access network, and the access network receives the paging request from the AMF network element.
  • the paging request is used to request the access network to page the first terminal, and to indicate in the paging message that the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration of the first terminal.
  • the paging request includes field 1 and field 2.
  • Field 1 is used to request the access network to page the first terminal.
  • Field 2 is used to instruct the access network to instruct the AMF network element in the paging message for paging the first terminal to perform implicit de-registration of the first terminal.
  • the first message includes field 1, which is used to request the access network to page the first terminal, and used to instruct the access network to indicate that the AMF network element is about to call the first terminal in the paging message for paging the first terminal.
  • the first terminal performs implicit deregistration.
  • the paging request includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the so-called implicit de-registration is about to mean that after a period of time (for example, a preset time), the AMF network element will perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the moment when the AMF network element sends the paging request and the time interval when the implicit de-registration is performed.
  • the paging request may further include a time period for enabling the first terminal to specify the time when the network side performs implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the above step 610a may be implemented in the following manner: the AMF network element sends a paging request to the access network (eg, the RAN), and the RAN pages the terminal again.
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is included in the paging request sent by the AMF network element to the RAN and the paging message sent by the RAN to the first terminal.
  • Step 611a the access network in the first system sends a paging message to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the paging message from the access network.
  • the paging message includes a paging reason, which indicates that the AMF network element is about to implicitly register the first terminal.
  • steps 610a to 611a may be omitted.
  • the AMF network element can still perform steps 610a to 611a. This is because the first time value may be relatively long, and the AMF network element may want to implicitly register the first terminal in advance due to other factors before the first time value is reached. Therefore, the AMF network element notifies the first terminal that the first terminal is about to be registered. Implicitly deregister. In this way, if the first terminal wants to continue to perform service transmission with the first system, the first terminal can resume the connection with the first system in advance according to the paging request without waiting for the end of the first time value. On the other hand, it is convenient for the first terminal to determine that the AMF network element implicitly registers the first terminal in advance.
  • the method provided in this embodiment of the present application may further include: : The AMF network element sends the fourth message to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the fourth message from the AMF network element.
  • the fourth message includes third information.
  • the third information indicates that the first terminal is not allowed to not perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the third information indicates that the first terminal is required to perform periodic registration after entering an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the third information may be a suspension period registration indication.
  • the AMF network element determines that it is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, then the third message can be configured for the UE Update command message.
  • the AMF network element determines that the first terminal is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, then the AMF network element can pass the paging server or The network element in the second system sends the third information to the first terminal. Specifically, the AMF network element may send the third information to the first terminal before the first terminal or the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the second terminal can communicate with the second system through the second global subscriber identity card, then the second terminal The terminal may also determine to leave the second system in the following manner.
  • Determining exit from the second system is based on one or more of the following conditions:
  • the first terminal receives a paging message, and the paging message may indicate service-related information of the MT data that triggers the paging.
  • the paging message is used for paging the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives a message (eg, a paging message) that the AMF network element is about to implicitly deregister the first terminal in the first system.
  • the first terminal receives the first time value, and decides to temporarily restore the connection with the first system before the implicit de-registration to avoid being de-registered by the AMF network element in the first system.
  • the first terminal may perform the recovery process of the first system. If the first terminal determines that the AMF network element does not perform implicit execution on the first terminal in the first system de-registration, or the first terminal does not perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal in the first system, the first terminal can pass the following situation 1. If the first terminal has been implicitly de-registered in the first system, then the first terminal can resume the connection with the first system through case 2.
  • the method provided in this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 612 The first terminal sends an initial NAS message to the AMF network element.
  • the AMF network element receives the initial NAS message from the terminal.
  • the registration update message is used to request to register the first terminal in the first system.
  • the initial NAS message is the first message sent by the first terminal in the idle state in the first system to the AMF network element, and is used to establish a NAS signaling connection between the first terminal and the AMF network element.
  • the initial NAS message generally includes a registration request message, a service request message, and the like. Specifically, the initial NAS message here is divided into the following scenarios:
  • the initial NAS message may be a service request message or a registration request message.
  • the initial NAS message may be a service request message or a registration request message.
  • the first terminal will choose to send a service request message.
  • the first terminal may choose to send a registration request message, and indicate in the registration request message that the registration type is mobile registration update.
  • the initial NAS message is a registration request message, and the registration request message indicates that the registration type is periodic registration update .
  • Case a The first terminal receives the first time value, but the implicit de-registration timer on the first terminal side has not expired.
  • the first terminal receives a paging message with an imminent implicit de-registration indication, and the first terminal starts to execute the recovery process within a preset time.
  • the specific time value is determined by the implementation.
  • the application examples are not limited.
  • the first terminal does not receive the first time value or the paging message with the imminent implicit de-registration indication.
  • the first terminal is in the registration state, and the first terminal can send the service request message, but it has expired.
  • the first terminal needs to negotiate some information with the network side through the registration process, so it is more reasonable to send the registration request message.
  • the first terminal cannot accurately know whether the network has deregistered the first terminal, so it may receive a registration rejection message or a service rejection message after sending a registration request message or a service request message, and indicate The first terminal has been implicitly deregistered.
  • the initial NAS message is a registration request message.
  • the registration type carried in the registration request message is initial registration.
  • the first terminal performs the initial registration process in the following scenarios:
  • the first terminal sends a message to the AMF network element after a preset time after receiving a paging message indicating that the implicit de-registration is about to be performed.
  • the specific time value is determined by the implementation, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 604b at the first moment, the AMF network element starts a timer.
  • the timer is used to record the duration that the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • Step 605b when the duration of the first terminal entering the idle state due to leaving the first system is greater than or equal to the second time value, the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the AMF network element uniformly monitors the multiple terminals (including The first terminal in this embodiment of the present application) performs implicit deregistration. At this time, the AMF network element determines whether to implicitly deregister the first terminal based on the off-grid timer. For example, taking multiple terminals including terminal a, terminal b, and terminal c as an example, if the duration of terminal a and terminal b entering the idle state due to leaving the first system is greater than or equal to the second time value, then the AMF network element will not affect the b performs implicit deregistration.
  • the AMF network element periodically implicitly de-registers a terminal that is off-network for more than two periodic registration time values.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the time for the AMF network element to perform implicit de-registration on multiple terminals z that enter the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system, and how to refer to the off-grid timer.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 606b at the second moment, the first terminal starts a third timer.
  • Step 607b when the third timer expires, the first terminal does not actively initiate periodic registration, but saves the expiration record.
  • the expiration record is used to record the expiration of the third timer.
  • Steps 608b to 610b are the same as steps 610a to 612, and are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 6a when the first terminal receives the first time value, the actions of the first terminal and the AMF network element perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal. Actions.
  • Figure 6b shows the action of the AMF network element performing implicit de-registration on the first terminal and the actions of the terminal when the AMF network element does not send the first time value to the first terminal.
  • Example 2 During the registration phase of the first terminal in the first system, negotiate with the network whether to not perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the message 1 may be a registration request message
  • the message 2 may be a registration acceptance message.
  • the first information is a registration request message, and then the registration request message includes a suspension period registration indication. If the first information is carried in the registration request message, the first information may be a registration indication for a suspension period.
  • the first indication is carried in message 2, and the first indication is an indication for allowing the first terminal to enter an idle state in the first system without performing periodic registration due to leaving the first system.
  • the suspension period registration instruction For example, the suspension period registration instruction.
  • Example 2 as an embodiment of the present application, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the first time value and the first indication are carried in the same message, such as message 2. In another example, the first time value and the first indication are carried in different messages.
  • the first indication may also be a first time value.
  • the AMF network element can implicitly indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to enter an idle state in the first system without performing periodic registration due to leaving the first system.
  • the above example 1 and example 2 can be combined, that is, the first terminal first registers in the first system, and then performs the step of leaving the first system after registration.
  • the AMF network element may provide the first terminal with the first time value when the first terminal leaves the first system.
  • the AMF network element may not send the first time value.
  • the AMF network element may not send the first time value.
  • the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal.
  • the AMF network element may also send a first time value to the first terminal again.
  • the first time value sent by the AMF network element in the two stages may be different or the same. This application implements The example does not limit this. For example, if the first time value sent by the AMF network element in the two phases may be different, the first terminal may take the first time value sent by the AMF network element to the first terminal when the first terminal leaves the first system as the criterion.
  • Example 3 After the first terminal leaves the first system, negotiate with the network whether to not perform periodic registration after the first terminal enters an idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system.
  • the first information is a message sent to the AMF network element after the first terminal leaves the first system.
  • the first information is message 1 (for example, an uplink NAS message, it may also be a message specially used for negotiating whether to allow the suspension period registration)
  • the uplink NAS message includes a suspension period registration indication. If the first information is carried in the uplink NAS message, then the first information may be a suspension period registration indication.
  • the first indication is an indication for allowing the first terminal to suspend periodic registration.
  • the indication used to indicate that the first terminal is allowed to suspend the periodic registration is a suspended periodic registration indication.
  • step 501 can be implemented in the following ways 1 and 2:
  • Manner 1 The first terminal uses the second type of access to send the first information including the suspension period registration indication to the AMF network element.
  • the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal through the second type of access.
  • the second type of access is a non-3GPP access technology.
  • the first terminal sends the first information to the N3IWF in the first system, so that the N3IWF forwards the first information to the AMF network element.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element sends the first time value to the first terminal by using the second type of access.
  • the first time value and the first indication are carried in the same message, such as message 2. In another example, the first time value and the first indication are carried in different messages.
  • the first indication may also be a first time value, so that the AMF network element can implicitly indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows it to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system Entering the idle state does not perform periodic registration.
  • step 502 may be implemented in the following manner: the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal through the second type of access.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication from the AMF network element through the network element in the second system.
  • the first terminal can register with the first system again through the user plane of the second terminal in the second system, so that the first terminal can access the first terminal through the second type. a system. Therefore, when the second terminal has a communication connection with the second system and the first terminal leaves the first system, the first terminal can send the first information to the first terminal by using the second type of access.
  • the first terminal may also use the second type of access to register in the first system without borrowing the user plane of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal uses the first network element or device in the first system to send the first information including the suspension period registration indication to the AMF network element.
  • the AMF network element receives the first information from the first terminal from the network element in the first system.
  • the first network element or device may be a paging server.
  • the core network and the first terminal may send signaling to the paging server through the user of the second terminal in the second system.
  • the AMF network element may send the downlink data to the paging server.
  • the paging server sends the downlink data to the first terminal on the user plane of the second system through the second terminal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the AMF network element sends the first time value to the terminal by using the first network element or device.
  • the first time value and the first indication are carried in the same message, such as message 2. In another example, the first time value and the first indication are carried in different messages.
  • the first indication may also be a first time value, so that the AMF network element can implicitly indicate to the first terminal that the network side allows the first terminal to stay in the first system due to leaving the first system. In the idle state, the periodic registration is not performed.
  • the above step 502 may be implemented in the following manner: the AMF network element sends the first indication to the first terminal through the paging server.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication from the AMF network element through the paging server.
  • example 1 to example 3 describe the process of negotiating between the first terminal and the network side not to perform periodic registration after leaving the first system and the connection state in the first system is idle state from different stages.
  • the first terminal performs implicit de-registration in the first system in Example 2 and Example 3
  • the AMF network element performs implicit de-registration for the first terminal in the first system
  • Example 3 the above steps 610a and 611a can be replaced by the following methods: after the first terminal is in the idle state in the first system, the AMF network element accesses the second type or the first network element sends the second terminal to the first terminal.
  • message correspondingly, the first terminal receives the second message from the AMF network element through the second type of access or the first network element.
  • the second message is used to indicate that the AMF network element is about to perform implicit de-registration on the first terminal.
  • the second message may be a NAS notification message, or may be a notification message sent by the paging server to the first terminal, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the AMF network element allows the first terminal not to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state as an example. If the AMF network element determines that the AMF network element does not allow the first terminal to not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state, the above step 502 can be performed by the following: Mode replacement: the AMF network element sends the fifth indication to the first terminal according to the first information. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the fifth indication from the AMF network element. The fifth indication is used for the first terminal to determine that the first terminal is not allowed to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the first system due to leaving the first system. At this time, the first terminal may determine, according to the fifth instruction, to perform periodic registration after the first system and before the periodic registration timer expires. Alternatively, de-registration or implicit de-registration occurs upon leaving the first system.
  • multiple USIM cards include USIM card 1 and USIM card 2.
  • the USIM card 1 and USIM card 2 belong to the same device, that is, the device is a device with multiple USIM cards, and the device with multiple USIM cards is a device including a terminal 1 and a terminal 2; wherein, the system 1 is a system that the terminal 1 accesses through the USIM card 1 .
  • the system 2 is that the terminal 2 accesses the system through the USIM card 2
  • the AMF network element 1 is the network element in the system 1 as an example, to describe the specific implementation of a communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application when the terminal 1 is about to leave the system 1
  • the method includes:
  • Step 701 Terminal 1 sends an uplink NAS message to AMF network element 1.
  • the AMF network element 1 receives the uplink NAS message from the terminal 1 .
  • the uplink NAS message is used to indicate that the terminal 1 is about to leave the system 1 .
  • the uplink NAS message includes a suspension period registration indication, and the suspension period registration indication is used to indicate that the terminal 1 expects the terminal 1 to enter an idle state in the system 1 due to the period when the terminal 1 leaves the system 1 Period registration is not performed afterwards.
  • step 702 is the process of releasing the RRC connection locally.
  • step 703 is the process of releasing the RRC connection non-locally.
  • the step 702 includes steps 702a to 702d.
  • Step 702a Terminal 1 releases the RRC connection.
  • Step 702b After receiving the uplink NAS message, the AMF network element 1 sends a UE context release command message to the RAN1. Correspondingly, the RAN1 receives the UE context release command message from the AMF network element 1 .
  • the UE context release command message is used to instruct the RAN1 to release the logical connection between the RAN1 and the AMF1 related to the terminal 1 .
  • Step 702c After the RAN1 receives the UE context release command, if the RRC connection still exists locally in the RAN1, the RRC connection is released locally.
  • Step 702d After releasing the RRC connection, the RAN1 sends a UE context release complete message to the AMF network element 1. Correspondingly, the AMF network element receives the UE context release complete message from the terminal 1. The UE context release complete message is used to indicate that the connection release related to the terminal 1 has been completed.
  • Step 703 AMF network element 1 sends a downlink NAS message to terminal 1 through RAN1.
  • the terminal 1 receives the downlink NAS message from the AMF network element 1 through the RAN1.
  • the downlink NAS message includes the first time value.
  • the downlink NAS message is used to respond to the uplink NAS message sent by the terminal 1 .
  • the first time value is the running duration of the implicit deregistration timer of terminal 1 .
  • the terminal 1 performs implicit deregistration.
  • the AMF network element 1 may determine the first time value according to one or more of local policies, subscription data, and information provided by the terminal 1 .
  • step 703 may be implemented in the following manner: AMF network element 1 sends message A to RAN1.
  • the message A also includes an indication of terminal context release.
  • the RAN1 sends an RRC release indication to the terminal 1 at the same time as or after sending the downlink NAS to the terminal 1.
  • Step 701 may include a suspension period registration indication
  • step 703 may include a first time value. There are four options available:
  • the uplink NAS message includes a suspend period registration indication, in the case that the AMF network element 1 allows the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and enter the idle state in the system 1 without periodic registration, the downlink NAS message contains the first time. value.
  • the terminal 1 sends the suspension period registration instruction, and after receiving the suspension period registration instruction, the AMF network element 1 decides whether to allow the terminal 1 to leave the system based on the local policy and/or the subscription data of the terminal 1 1 and no periodic registration is performed after the connection state in system 1 is idle. If allowed, the downlink NAS message includes the first time value. If not allowed, the downlink NAS message does not contain the first time value.
  • the uplink NAS message contains a suspend period registration indication, in the case that the AMF network element 1 allows the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and the connection state in the system 1 is idle after the period registration is not performed, the downlink NAS message does not. Contains the first time value. Under this solution, by default, as long as the terminal 1 sends the suspending periodic registration instruction, the AMF network element 1 allows the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and enter the idle state in the system 1 without performing periodic registration.
  • the uplink NAS message does not contain a suspend period registration indication, in the case that the AMF network element 1 allows the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and enter the idle state in the system 1 without periodic registration, the downlink NAS message contains the first time value.
  • AMF network element 1 decides whether to It is allowed that the terminal 1 does not perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the system 1 due to leaving the system 1 . If allowed, the downlink NAS message includes the first time value. If not allowed, the downlink NAS message does not contain the first time value.
  • the uplink NAS message does not contain the suspension period registration indication, and the downlink NAS message does not contain the first time value.
  • AMF network element 1 allows terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and enter the idle state without performing periodic registration. 1, the periodic registration can not be performed after entering the idle state in system 1.
  • terminal 1 and AMF network element 1 do not perform periodic registration as follows:
  • the AMF network element 1 After the state of the terminal 1 in the AMF network element 1 enters the idle state from the connected state, the AMF network element 1 does not start the mobility reachable timer, but starts the implicit de-registration timer.
  • the value of the implicit deregistration timer is greater than the first time value sent by the AMF network element 1 to the terminal 1 . If the implicit de-registration timer expires and the terminal 1 is still in an idle state, the AMF network element 1 performs implicit de-registration on the terminal 1 .
  • the terminal 1 starts the periodic registration timer and simultaneously starts the implicit de-registration timer.
  • the terminal 1 does not actively initiate periodic registration, but saves the expiration record.
  • the value of the implicit de-registration timer on the terminal 1 side is the first time value.
  • the terminal 1 performs implicit de-registration.
  • terminal 1 and AMF network element 1 do not perform periodic registration as follows:
  • the AMF network element 1 After the state of the terminal 1 in the AMF network element 1 enters the idle state from the connected state, the AMF network element 1 does not start the mobility reachable timer and the implicit deregistration timer, but starts an off-grid timer.
  • the off-grid timer is used to record the time that the terminal 1 is in an idle state due to leaving the system 1 .
  • the AMF network element uniformly performs implicit de-registration of one or more terminals (including terminal 1) that are off-network at a specific time. This implicit de-registration determines whether to implicitly de-register the above-mentioned terminal 1 based on an off-grid timer. For example, the AMF network element 1 period implicitly de-registers terminals that are off-network for more than two period registration time values.
  • the terminal 1 After the state of the terminal 1 in the AMF network element 1 enters the idle state from the connected state, the terminal 1 starts the periodic registration timer. When the periodic registration timer expires, the terminal 1 does not actively initiate periodic registration, but saves the expiration record.
  • Step 704 AMF network element 1 sends a session update request to SMF network element 1 according to the information and/or local policy provided by terminal 1, and correspondingly, SMF network element 1 receives the session update request from AMF network element 1 .
  • the session update request is used to instruct SMF network element 1 to release the user plane of the relevant session, and how to process downlink data when terminal 1 leaves the current system, such as discarding downlink data, buffering downlink data, paging terminal 1 and so on.
  • Step 705 Based on the information provided by the AMF network element 1, and the policy information, subscription data, local configuration, etc. obtained from the PCF network element 1, the SMF network element decides how to process the session and notify the related UPF network elements.
  • Step 706 After updating the session, the SMF network element 1 sends a session update response to the AMF network element 1.
  • Step 707 After the terminal 1 leaves the system 1, the terminal 2 executes the recovery process of the system 2.
  • the recovery process performed by the terminal 2 in the system reference may be made to the recovery process performed by the terminal 1 in the system 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the following describes the recovery process performed by the terminal 1 from the perspective of the system 1, ie, steps 711-715 or steps 716-717.
  • the terminal 2 executes the recovery process of the system 2
  • the terminal 2 is in the connected state in the system 2
  • the terminal 1 is in the idle state in the system 1.
  • Step 708 AMF network element 1RAN1 sends the first message.
  • the RAN1 receives the first message sent from the AMF network element 1 .
  • the first message carries first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the AMF network element 1 is about to implicitly deregister the terminal 1 .
  • the so-called implicitly de-registering the terminal 1 means that the AMF network element 1 will perform the implicit de-registration of the terminal 1 after a period of time.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the time interval between when the AMF network element 1 sends the first message and performs implicit de-registration.
  • Step 709 RAN1 sends a paging message to terminal 1, and terminal 1 receives the paging message from RAN1.
  • the paging message includes the paging reason.
  • the paging reason indicates that the AMF network element 1 is about to implicitly deregister the terminal 1.
  • Step 710 the terminal 2 determines to leave the system 2 .
  • Step 711 the terminal 2 executes the leaving process in the system 2 .
  • step 711 For the implementation of step 711, reference may be made to the descriptions of the above steps 701 to 706, which are not repeated here.
  • the following describes the recovery process of the terminal 1 in the system 1 after the terminal 2 leaves the system 2 through steps 712 to 716 or steps 717 to 718 .
  • the terminal 1 determines that it has not been deregistered in the system 1, the terminal 1 executes steps 712 to 716.
  • Step 712 Terminal 1 sends a registration request message to AMF network element 1.
  • the AMF network element 1 receives the registration request message from the terminal.
  • the registration request message may be an initial NAS message.
  • it is the first message sent by the terminal in the idle state to the AMF network element 1, which is used to establish the NAS signaling connection between the terminal and the AMF network element 1.
  • the initial NAS message generally includes a registration request message and a service request message, etc.
  • the initial NAS message here is divided into the following scenarios:
  • the initial NAS message may be a service request message or a registration request message. Since the main purpose of the service request message is to change the terminal from the idle state to the connected state, in general, the terminal will choose to send the service request message. Of course, as an option, the terminal 1 may choose to send a registration request message, and indicate in the registration request message that the registration type is mobile registration update.
  • the initial NAS message is a registration request message, and the registration request message indicates that the registration type is periodic registration update .
  • the terminal is in the registration state, and the terminal can send the service request message, but it has expired.
  • the terminal needs to negotiate some information with the network side through the registration process, so it is more reasonable to send the registration request message, but the service request message can also be sent. as an alternative.
  • Terminal 1 receives the first time value, but the implicit deregistration timer has not expired.
  • the terminal 1 receives the paging message with the imminent implicit de-registration indication, and the terminal starts to execute the recovery process in the system 1 within T1.
  • the terminal 1 does not receive the first time value or the paging message with the imminent implicit de-registration indication.
  • the terminal 1 cannot accurately know whether the network has been deregistered, so it may receive a registration rejection message or a service rejection message after sending a registration request message or a registration request message, and indicate that the registration has been implicitly deregistered. , at this time, steps 713 to 715 are not executed, which is consistent with the scenario in which the terminal 1 is implicitly de-registered, that is, the terminal 1 can execute steps 717 to 718 .
  • Step 713 the AMF network element 1 determines the user plane for which the session needs to be activated according to the information provided by the terminal 1 , and the AMF network element 1 sends a session update request to the SMF network element 1 .
  • the SMF network element 1 receives the session update request from the AMF network element 1 .
  • the session update request is used to indicate that the session of the user plane of the terminal 1 needs to be activated.
  • Step 714 the SMF network element 1 interacts with the UPF network element 1 to instruct to activate the user plane of the corresponding session according to the instruction of the AMF network element 1 .
  • Step 715 after the user plane is activated, the SMF network element 1 sends a session update response to the AMF network element 1 , and correspondingly, the AMF network element 1 receives the session update response from the SMF network element 1 .
  • Step 716 AMF network element 1 sends a NAS response message to terminal 1.
  • Terminal 1 receives the NAS response message from AMF network element 1 .
  • the NAS response message may be a registration rejection message, or a service rejection message. If the AMF network element determines that the terminal 1 is not implicitly deregistered in the system 1, the NAS response message may be a service accept message or a registration accept message.
  • the terminal 1 determines that it is implicitly deregistered in the system 1, the terminal 1 executes steps 717 to 718.
  • Step 717 the terminal 1 sends a registration request message to the AMF network element 1 , and correspondingly, the AMF network element 1 receives the registration request message from the terminal 1 .
  • the registration request message indicates that the registration type is initial registration.
  • the terminal 1 performs the initial registration process in the following scenarios:
  • Terminal 1 receives the first time value, and the implicit deregistration timer expires. Or, 2), the terminal 1 receives a paging message indicating that the implicit de-registration is about to be performed. The terminal 1 sends the registration request message to the AMF network element 1 after T1.
  • the specific T1 is determined by the implementation, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Step 718 Terminal 1 also needs to establish a session, that is, execute a session establishment process.
  • the terminal 1 after the terminal 1 leaves the system 1, it does not need to initiate periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires, and the terminal 1 can know whether it has been implicitly deregistered, so that it can choose an appropriate way to restore Connections in System 1.
  • the above-mentioned first information is an uplink NAS message and the first indication is a downlink NAS message as an example.
  • steps 702a, 702b, 702c, 702d, and 704-718 are optional steps.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a specific embodiment of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the difference between this method and the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is that when the terminal 1 registers in the system 1, it communicates with the The AMF network element 1 negotiates whether to not perform periodic registration after the terminal 1 enters the idle state in the system 1 because the terminal 1 leaves the system 1.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 801 Terminal 1 sends a registration request message to AMF network element 1.
  • the AMF network element 1 receives the registration request message from the terminal.
  • the registration request message is used to request to register the terminal 1 in the core network of the system 1 .
  • the registration request message includes a suspend period registration indication, where the suspend period registration indication is used to indicate that the terminal 1 expects that the terminal 1 will not perform period registration after entering the idle state in the system 1 due to leaving the system 1 .
  • Step 802 the AMF network element 1 sends a registration acceptance message to the terminal 1 .
  • Terminal 1 receives a registration acceptance message from AMF network element 1 .
  • the registration acceptance message is used to instruct the AMF network element 1 to allow the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and not perform periodic registration after the state in the system 1 is an idle state.
  • the registration acceptance message may contain permission indication information.
  • the permission indication information is used to instruct the AMF network element 1 to allow the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and not perform periodic registration after the state in the system 1 is an idle state.
  • the registration acceptance message includes the first time value.
  • the registration accept message is used to indicate that the AMF network element 1 does not allow the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and does not perform periodic registration after the state in the system 1 is idle.
  • the registration acceptance message may include a first field, the first field indicating that the AMF network element 1 does not allow the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and not perform periodic registration after the state in the system 1 is idle.
  • the registration acceptance message may not include: permission indication information to implicitly indicate that the terminal is not allowed to perform periodic registration.
  • the first field may be located in the suspension period registration indication carried in the registration accept message.
  • Step 803 if the AMF network element 1 determines that the terminal 1 is no longer allowed to not perform periodic registration, the AMF network element 1 sends a configuration update command message to the terminal 1 .
  • the terminal 1 receives the configuration update command message from the AMF network element.
  • the configuration update command message includes the first field.
  • Step 804 After the terminal 1 receives the configuration update command message from the AMF network element 1, the terminal 1 may send a configuration update complete message to the AMF network element 1.
  • Step 805 the terminal 1 sends an uplink NAS message to the AMF network element 1 , and the AMF network element 1 receives the uplink NAS message from the terminal 1 .
  • the uplink NAS message is used to indicate that the terminal 1 is about to leave the system 1 .
  • Step 806 is the same as the description in step 702 above, and is not repeated here.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • Step 807 the AMF1 sends a downlink NAS message to the terminal 1 , and correspondingly, the terminal receives the downlink NAS message from the AMF network element 1 .
  • the downlink NAS message includes the first time value.
  • Steps 808 to 811 are the same as the above-mentioned steps 704 to 707, and are not repeated here.
  • Step 812 is the same as step 708 and will not be repeated here.
  • Steps 813 to 822 are the same as steps 709 to 718 above.
  • the difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is that when the terminal 1 registers in the core network of the system 1, it instructs the AMF network element 1 that the terminal 1 hopes that the terminal 1 will leave the system 1 in the future. However, the periodic registration is not performed after the system 1 enters the idle state. If the AMF network element 1 instructs the terminal 1 during the registration phase of the terminal 1 to allow the terminal 1 to leave the system 1 and enter the idle state in the system 1 without periodic registration, then the subsequent terminal 1 can be omitted from the system 1 when it leaves The process of not performing periodic registration is negotiated with the AMF network element 1, so that the terminal 1 can skip the periodic registration when the periodic registration timer expires when the terminal 1 enters the idle state after leaving the system 1.
  • steps 803 to 822 are optional steps.
  • terminal 1 after leaving system 1, negotiates with AMF network element 1 in system 1 and does not perform periodic registration in system 1 after leaving system 1 , the method includes:
  • Step 901 the terminal 1 registers in the system 1 by using the 3GPP access through the USIM card 1 .
  • Step 902a the terminal 2 registers in the system 2 through the USIM card 2.
  • step 902a the terminal 2 registers in the system 2 through the USIM card 2 using non-3GPP access or 3GPP access.
  • the terminal 2 establishes a session in the system 2 .
  • the terminal 1 accesses the N3IWF1 of the system 1 through the user plane of the session in the system 2, that is to say, the terminal 1 can register to the system 1 again through the non-3GPP access.
  • terminal 1 sends a registration request message to N3IWF1 through the user plane of system 2.
  • terminal 1 accesses system 1 through USIM card 1
  • terminal 2 accesses system 2 through USIM card 2
  • terminal 1 and terminal 2 both access their respective systems.
  • Terminal 2 can establish a user plane in system 2, and the user plane can access the network.
  • This network can be N3IWF1 in the network corresponding to terminal 1, that is, terminal 1 uses this user plane as its own non-3GPP access. connected to the network. It is equivalent to the terminal 1 accessing the network through non-3GPP access.
  • the terminal 1 may also access the network through non-3GPP access without borrowing the user plane of the terminal 2.
  • Step 902b the terminal 2 establishes a session in the system 2, and the terminal 1 accesses the N3IWF1 network element of the system 1 through the user plane of the session in the system 2.
  • step 902b the terminal 1 can be registered to the system 1 again through the non-3GPP access.
  • Step 903 the terminal 2 leaves the system 2 .
  • the state of the terminal 2 in the system 2 becomes the idle state
  • the state of the terminal 1 on the non-3GPP side in the system 1 is the idle state, that is, the idle state of the terminal through the non-3GPP access (for the 5G system, the corresponding English can be 5GMM-IDLE mode over non-3GPP access, otherwise the English corresponding to the connection state can be 5GMM-CONNECTED mode over non-3GPP access).
  • Step 904 the terminal 1 executes the recovery process with the system 1 .
  • Steps 905 to 910 are the same as the above steps 701 to 706, except that: step 905 does not carry the suspension period registration indication, and in step 907, the AMF network element 1 does not provide the terminal 1 with the first time value.
  • the terminal After that, the terminal enters the connected state in system 1 (that is, the non-3GPP side), that is, the connected state accessed through non-3GPP, and the terminal in system 1 enters the idle state on the 3GPP side, that is, the idle state accessed through 3GPP (5GMM-IDLE mode over 3GPP access).
  • the terminal enters the connected state in system 1 (that is, the non-3GPP side), that is, the connected state accessed through non-3GPP
  • the terminal in system 1 enters the idle state on the 3GPP side, that is, the idle state accessed through 3GPP (5GMM-IDLE mode over 3GPP access).
  • Step 911 the terminal 2 executes the recovery process in the system 2 .
  • Step 912 the terminal 1 sends the uplink NAS message to the AMF network element 1 through the non-3GPP access, and correspondingly, the AMF network element 1 receives the uplink NAS message from the terminal through the non-3GPP access.
  • the uplink NAS message may be any uplink NAS message sent in the connected state, and the uplink NAS message includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • Step 913 the AMF network element 1 sends the downlink NAS message to the terminal through the non-3GPP access, and correspondingly, the terminal receives the downlink NAS message from the AMF network element 1 through the 3GPP access.
  • the downlink NAS message includes permission indication information.
  • the downlink NAS message includes the first time value.
  • the AMF network element 1 determines that the terminal 1 needs to perform periodic registration after entering the idle state in the system 1 due to leaving the system 1, the downlink NAS message is used to indicate that the terminal 1 does not allow the terminal 1 to enter the system due to leaving the system 1. Periodic registration is not performed after the idle state, or the downlink NAS message does not contain permission indication information.
  • the AMF network element 1 may also perform the following step 914 before preparing to perform implicit de-registration on the terminal.
  • Step 914 the AMF network element 1 may send the NAS notification message to the terminal 1 through the non-3GPP access, and correspondingly, the terminal 1 receives the NAS notification message from the AMF network element 1 through the non-3GPP access.
  • the NAS notification message is used to indicate that the terminal 1 is about to be implicitly deregistered.
  • Steps 915 to 923 are the same as those described in steps 710 to 718, and are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 After the terminal 1 leaves the system 1, it negotiates with the AMF network element 1 in the system 1 whether to allow the terminal 1 not to cycle register. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , when the terminal 1 is about to leave the system 1, it negotiates with the AMF network element 1 in the system 1 whether to allow the terminal 1 not to perform periodic registration.
  • steps 901 to 911 and steps 914 to 923 are optional steps.
  • FIG. 10 a specific embodiment of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application is described. The difference between the method and the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is that it includes:
  • Steps 1001 to 1006 are the same as the above-mentioned steps 701 to 706, except that: step 1001 does not carry the suspension period registration indication.
  • the first time value is not carried in step 1003 .
  • step 1007a the terminal 1 sends a suspension period registration indication to the user-oriented network element or device (for example, a paging server) of the system 2.
  • the user-oriented network element or device for example, a paging server
  • the terminal 1 sends the suspension period registration to the network element or device (eg, paging server) of the system 1 through the user of the system 2 .
  • the network element or device eg, paging server
  • the network element or device (for example, a paging server) sends a message to the AMF network element 1, where the message includes a suspension period registration indication.
  • the AMF network element 1 sends a response message to the paging server, and correspondingly, the paging server receives the response message from the AMF network element 1.
  • the response message includes a suspension period registration indication, where the suspension period registration indication is used to instruct the AMF network element 1 to allow the terminal not to perform periodic registration.
  • the response message includes the first time value.
  • the response message includes indication information for indicating that the terminal is not allowed to not perform periodic registration, or does not contain an indication of suspending periodic registration.
  • Step 1008b the paging server sends the received response message to the terminal 1 through the user plane of the system 2.
  • the core network and the terminal 1 can send signaling through the paging server.
  • AMF network element 1 determines that there is downlink data to page terminal 1
  • AMF network element 1 can send the paging content to the paging server, and the paging server sends the paging content to terminal 1 through the user plane of system 2.
  • the method provided by this embodiment of the present application may further include after step 1008:
  • the AMF network element 1 sends a notification message to the terminal 1 through the paging server.
  • the terminal 1 can receive the notification message from the AMF network element 1 through the paging server.
  • the notification message indicates that the terminal 1 is about to be implicitly deregistered.
  • Steps 1010 to 1018 are the same as those described in steps 711 to 718, and are not repeated here.
  • the terminal 1 may be the above-mentioned first terminal.
  • all actions performed by the AMF network element may be performed by the MME, in other words, the AMF network element may be replaced by the MME.
  • steps 1001 to 1006 and steps 1009 a to 1018 are optional steps.
  • each network element such as the first terminal and the first AMF network element, etc.
  • each network element in order to implement the above-mentioned functions, includes corresponding structures and/or software modules for performing each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the first terminal and the first AMF network element may be divided into functional units according to the foregoing method example.
  • each functional unit may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing unit. in the unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 11 shows the communication device involved in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the communication device may include: a communication module 1113 and a processing module 1112 .
  • the communication device may further include a storage module 1111 for storing program codes and data of the communication device.
  • the communication device is a first terminal, or a chip applied in the first terminal.
  • the communication module 1113 is used to support the communication device to communicate with external network elements (eg, AMF network elements).
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the signal transceiving operation of the first terminal in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to perform the signal processing operation of the first terminal in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first terminal in step 501 of FIG. 5 and the receiving action performed by the first terminal in step 502 in the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to support the communication device to perform step 503 in the steps of FIG. 5 .
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first terminal in step 601a or step 601b or step 612 of FIG. 6a in the foregoing embodiment, as well as steps 602a and 602b .
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to support the communication device to perform step 603, step 604a, step 605a and step 606a in FIG. 6a.
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first terminal in step 601a or step 601b or step 610b of FIG. 6b in the above-mentioned embodiment, and in steps 602a and 609b A receive action performed by the first terminal.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to support the communication device to perform step 603, step 606b and step 607b in FIG. 6b.
  • the communication device is an AMF network element, or a chip applied in the AMF network element.
  • the communication module 1113 is used to support the communication device to communicate with an external network element (eg, the first terminal).
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the signal transceiving operation of the AMF network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to perform the signal processing operation of the AMF network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication module 1113 is configured to perform the receiving action performed by the AMF network element in step 501 of FIG. 5 and the sending action performed by the AMF network element in step 502 of the above-mentioned embodiment .
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to support the communication device to perform the above-mentioned processing actions performed by the AMF network element.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to execute steps 607a to 609a of FIG. 6a in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication module 1113 is further configured to perform the sending action performed by the AMF network element in step 610a of FIG. 6a in the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 1113 is further configured to perform the receiving action performed by the AMF network element in step 612 of FIG. 6a in the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 1112 is configured to execute steps 604b to 605ba of FIG. 6b in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication module 1113 is further configured to perform the sending action performed by the AMF network element in step 608b of FIG. 6b in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication module 1113 is further configured to perform the receiving action performed by the AMF network element in step 610b of FIG. 6b in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing module 1112 may be a processor or a controller, such as a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure.
  • a processor may also be a combination that performs computing functions, such as a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the communication module may be a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a communication interface.
  • the storage module may be a memory.
  • the processing module 1112 is the processor 1201 or the processor 1205, the communication module 1113 is the communication interface 1203, and the storage module 1111 is the memory 1202, the communication device involved in this application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a processor 1201, a communication line 1204 and at least one communication interface (the communication interface 1203 is exemplified in FIG. 12 for illustration).
  • the processor 1201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors used to control the execution of the programs of the present application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Communication line 1204 may include a path to communicate information between the components described above.
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless Local area network
  • the communication device may further include a memory 1202 .
  • Memory 1202 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other type of static storage device that can store information and instructions It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, CD-ROM storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being executed by a computer Access any other medium without limitation.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor through communication line 1204 .
  • the memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1202 is used for storing computer-executed instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1201 .
  • the processor 1201 is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 1202, thereby implementing a communication method provided by the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executed instructions in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 12 .
  • the communication device may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1201 and the processor 1205 in FIG. 12 .
  • processors can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • the communication interface 1203 can be replaced by a transceiver.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 130 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 130 includes one or more (including two) processors 1310 and a communication interface 1330 .
  • the chip 130 further includes a memory 1340, and the memory 1340 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides operation instructions and data to the processor 1310.
  • a portion of memory 1340 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the memory 1340 stores the following elements, execution modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof.
  • the corresponding operation is performed by calling the operation instruction stored in the memory 1340 (the operation instruction may be stored in the operating system).
  • a possible implementation manner is: the structures of the first terminal and the AMF network element are similar, and different devices may use different chips to realize their respective functions.
  • the processor 1310 controls the processing operation of any one of the first terminal and the AMF network element, and the processor 1310 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • Memory 1340 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to processor 1310 .
  • a portion of memory 1340 may also include NVRAM.
  • the memory 1340, the communication interface 1330, and the memory 1340 are coupled together through the bus system 1320, where the bus system 1320 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to a data bus.
  • the various buses are labeled as bus system 1320 in FIG. 13 .
  • the methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present application may be applied to the processor 1310 or implemented by the processor 1310 .
  • the processor 1310 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above-mentioned method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1310 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor 1310 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processing (DSP), an ASIC, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistors Logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be implemented or executed.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1340, and the processor 1310 reads the information in the memory 1340, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the communication interface 1330 is configured to perform the steps of receiving and sending by the first terminal in the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 .
  • the processor 1310 is configured to execute the processing steps of the first terminal in the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 .
  • the communication interface 1330 is configured to perform the steps of receiving and sending the AMF network elements in the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 .
  • the processor 1310 is configured to execute the steps of AMF network element processing in the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 .
  • a computer-readable storage medium where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the first terminal as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 are implemented.
  • a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the AMF network elements as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 are implemented.
  • a chip is provided, the chip is applied in the first terminal, the chip includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled with the at least one processor, and the processor is used for running instructions, so as to realize FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 The function performed by the first terminal in .
  • a chip is provided, the chip is applied in the first terminal, the chip includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled with the at least one processor, and the processor is used for running instructions, so as to realize FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 Functions performed by AMF network elements in .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes: a first terminal and an AMF network element.
  • the first terminal is used to perform the functions performed by the first terminal as shown in FIGS. 5 to 10
  • the AMF network element is used to perform the functions performed by the AMF network elements as shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 .
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable apparatus.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits by wire or wireless to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that integrates one or more available media.
  • the usable medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); it can also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (solid state drive). , SSD).

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、装置及系统，涉及通信技术领域，用以便于终端在离开第一系统后，不需要在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册，而在该周期注册定时器过期时即使终端未发起周期注册，其暂时也不会被网络侧隐式去注册。该方案包括：第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息，该第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。AMF网元根据第一信息向第一终端发送第一指示，该第一指示指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。

Description

一种通信方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2020年09月1日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202010914044.0、申请名称为“一种通信方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
对于通过第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入技术注册到网络的终端，在进入空闲态后需要执行周期注册，以使网络了解终端是否依然需要连接到网络。如果终端没有及时周期注册，则会被网络隐式去注册，从而删除该终端的相关信息(比如，终端的上下文信息以及会话信息)。
对于具有多全球用户识别(multiple universal subscriber identity module，MUSIM)卡的终端，终端可能选择离开其中一个卡对应的通信系统(下述简称当前系统)，而进入另一个卡对应的通信系统。这种情况下，终端在当前系统进入空闲态，若没有及时返回当前系统，则可能会导致隐式去注册。若发生了隐式去注册，则由于网络侧已删除终端的相关信息，所以如果终端需要恢复之前的通信，则终端需要执行重新初始注册和重新建立会话将带来大量信令造成时延，从而影响用户体验。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、装置及系统，用以便于具有多个全球用户识别卡的设备中的第一终端在离开第一系统后，不需要在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册，而在该周期注册定时器过期时即使终端未发起周期注册，其暂时也不会被网络侧隐式去注册。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，包括：第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息。第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡。第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。AMF网元根据第一信息向第一终端发送第一指示。该第一指示用于指示允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法中第一终端利用第一信息和第一系统中AMF网元进行协商，在AMF网元允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，AMF网元可以利用第一指示向第一终端指示网络侧允许第一终端在第一系统中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样便于第一终端确定在第一系统中进入空闲态后可以不用在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册。此外，第一终端还可以确定在该周期注册定时器过期时即使第一终端未发起周期注册，其暂时也不会被网络侧隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态可以为：第一终端由于离开第一系统而导致该第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态可以为：第一终端未离开第一系统而导致该第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一指示指示允许所述第一终端因离开所述第一系统而进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样便于第一终端确定由于离开第一系统而导致地在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，因此可以不用在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：AMF网元根据第一信息确定允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示。该暂停周期注册指示用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样可以显式指示AMF网元，该第一终端期望因为离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统的第二指示。该方式以隐式指示方式向AMF网元指示该第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息，包括：AMF网元接收来自第一终端的消息X。该消息X用于表示第一终端即将离开第一系统。该消息X中携带第一信息。比如消息X可以为用于表示第一终端即将离开第一系统的上行NAS消息。该方案可以实现在第一终端即将离开第一系统时与AMF网元协商是否允许不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息用于指示第一终端即将离开第一系统，以及用于向AMF网元指示是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这时第一信息可以包括一个第一指示以及暂停周期注册指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息，包括：AMF网元接收来自第一终端的包括第一信息的第三消息。该第三消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。这样可以实现第一终端在第一系统中注册时便于网络侧协商是否允许第一终端离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不执行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：AMF网元确定不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。AMF网元向第一终端发送第三指示。第三指示不允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。以使得第一终端通过第三指示确定网络侧不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，从而可以使得第一终端接收到第三指示后判断是否需要在第一系统中进行周期注册以恢复与第一系统的连接。比如，AMF网元先通过第一指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。但是，在发送第一指示之后，第一系统中的核心网网元又存在数据需要发送给第一终端，那么AMF网元便可以向第一终端发送第三指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一全球用户识别卡通过第一类型接入的系统，第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息，包括：AMF网元通过第二类型接入接收来自第一终端的第一信息。或者，AMF网元通过第一网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息。该方案可以实现第一终端离开第一系统之后，与AMF网元协商是否允许不进行周期注册的过程。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一全球用户识别卡通过第一类 型接入的系统，AMF网元根据第一信息向第一终端发送第一指示，包括：AMF网元通过第二类型接入或第一网元向第一终端发送第一指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元向第一终端发送第一时间值。该第一时间值用于指示第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。这样便于第一终端确定即使该第一终端在隐式去注册的第一定时器到期之前不进行周期注册，也不会被AMF网元隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第一终端在AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态后，AMF网元跳过执行移动可达定时器的启动。即AMF网元不启动移动可达定时器。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第一终端在AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态后，AMF网元启动隐式去注册定时器。该隐式去注册定时器的时长大于或等于第一时间值。这样可以保证第一终端在第一时间值之后还未被AMF网元隐式去注册，以使得第一终端在隐式去注册定时器的时长之前都可以快速恢复与第一系统的连接。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第一时刻，AMF网元启动计时器。该计时器用于记录第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态的时长，第一时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的连接状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。上述时长大于或等于第二时间值的情况下，AMF网元在第一系统中对第一终端执行隐式去注册。该方案可以实现AMF网元统一对离网时长大于或等于第二时间值的多个终端(包括第一终端)统一执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态时，AMF网元向接入网络发送第一消息。该第一消息用于请求接入网络寻呼第一终端，以及在寻呼消息中指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。该方案可以实现在第一终端未被隐式去注册之前，如果此时第一终端依旧未恢复与第一系统的通信，当AMF网元需要向第一终端发送数据，或者AMF网元准备提前隐式去注册终端(即在第一时间值到达之前)或者AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值时，向第一终端告知AMF网元即将隐式去注册该第一终端，以便第一终端根据寻呼消息确定是否恢复与第一系统的连接。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态时，AMF网元通过第二类型接入或者第一网元向第一终端发送第二消息。该第二消息用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第四消息或第五消息。该第四消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。第四消息中的注册类型为移动注册更新。该第五消息中的注册类型为初始注册，第五消息用于请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。比如，第四消息和第五消息都可以为注册请求消息。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，包括：第一终端向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息。该第一信息用于AMF网元确定是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。第一终端接收来自AMF网元的第一指示。该第一指示用于指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示。暂停周期注册指示用 于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统，以及用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。比如，第一信息中包括第二指示和暂停周期注册指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息携带在消息X中，该消息X用于表示第一终端将要离开第一系统。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一终端向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息，包括：第一终端向第一系统中的AMF网元发送第三消息。该第三消息包括第一信息。其中，第三消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：第一终端接收来自AMF网元的第三指示。该第三指示指示不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一USIM通过第一类型接入的系统，第一终端向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息，包括：第一终端通过第二类型接入或第一网元向AMF网元发送第一信息。该方案可以适用于第一终端从第一系统中离开之后，与网络侧协商是否允许不进行周期注册的过程。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一USIM通过第一类型接入的系统，第一终端接收来自AMF网元的第一指示，包括：第一终端通过第二类型接入或第一网元接收来自AMF网元的第一指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：第一终端接收来自AMF网元的第一时间值。该第一时间值用于指示第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第二时刻，第一终端启动第三定时器以及第一定时器。该第一定时器的值为第一时间值。第二时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。在第三定时器过期时，第一终端不主动发起周期注册，但保存过期记录。在第一定时器过期时，第一终端在第一系统中执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第二时刻，第一终端启动第三定时器，第二时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。在第三定时器过期时，第一终端不发起周期注册，但保存周期注册的过期记录。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：第一终端接收来自接入网络的寻呼消息，寻呼消息用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。例如，该寻呼消息中包括第四指示。该第四指示用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。或者该第四指示用于指示寻呼第一终端，这样可以使得第一终端确定AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：在第三定时器过期，存在过期记录的情况下，如果满足第一条件时，第一终端向AMF网元发送第四消息。该第四消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。第四消息中的注册类型为移动注册更新。其中，第一 条件包括以下任一个或多个：第一定时器未超期，第一终端接收到寻呼消息而在预设时间内恢复与第一系统的连接，第一终端未接收到寻呼消息或第一时间值。该预设时间可以携带在寻呼消息中。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：当第一定时器过期，或者第一终端接收到寻呼消息，但是未在预设时间内响应该寻呼消息时，第一终端向AMF网元发送第五消息。该第五消息中的注册类型为初始注册，第五消息用于请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。比如，第四消息和第五消息都可以为注册请求消息。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，因此也能实现第一方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的有益效果。该通信装置可以为AMF网元，也可以为支持AMF网元实现第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的装置，例如应用于AMF网元中的芯片。该通信装置可以通过软件、硬件、或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现上述方法。
一种示例，该通信装置，应用于第一系统中，该装置包括：通信单元和处理单元，该通信单元，用于接收或发送信息。该处理单元，用于处理信息。其中，通信单元，用于接收来自第一终端的第一信息。第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡。第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。处理单元，用于根据第一信息通过通信单元向第一终端发送第一指示。该第一指示用于指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，处理单元，还用于根据第一信息确定允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示。该暂停周期注册指示用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样可以显式指示AMF网元，该第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统的第二指示。该方式以隐式指示方式向AMF网元指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，用于接收来自第一终端的消息X，该消息X用于表示第一终端即将离开第一系统。该消息X中携带第一信息。比如消息X可以为用于表示第一终端即将离开第一系统的上行NAS消息。该方案可以实现在第一终端即将离开第一系统时与AMF网元协商是否允许不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息用于指示第一终端即将离开第一系统，以及用于向AMF网元指示是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这时第一信息可以包括一个第一指示以及暂停周期注册指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，用于接收来自第一终端的包括第一信息的第三消息。该第三消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。这样可以实现第一终端在第一系统中注册时便于网络侧协商是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不执行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，处理单元，还用于确定不再允许第一终端因离开第一系 统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。通信单元，还用于向第一终端发送第三指示。第三指示不允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。以使得第一终端通过第三指示确定网络侧不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，从而可以使得第一终端接收到第三指示后判断是否需要在第一系统中进行周期注册以恢复与第一系统的连接。比如，AMF网元先通过第一指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。但是，在发送第一指示之后，第一系统中的核心网网元又存在数据需要发送给第一终端，那么AMF网元便可以向第一终端发送第三指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一全球用户识别卡通过第一类型接入的系统，通信单元，还用于通过第二类型接入接收来自第一终端的第一信息。或者，AMF网元通过第一网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息。该方案可以实现第一终端离开第一系统之后，与AMF网元协商是否允许不进行周期注册的过程。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一全球用户识别卡通过第一类型接入的系统，通信单元，用于通过第二类型接入或第一网元向第一终端发送第一指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于向第一终端发送第一时间值。该第一时间值用于指示第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一终端在AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态后，处理单元，还用于跳过执行移动可达定时器的启动。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一终端在AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态后，处理单元，还用于启动隐式去注册定时器。该隐式去注册定时器的时长大于或等于第一时间值。这样可以保证第一终端在第一时间值之后还未被AMF网元隐式去注册，以使得第一终端在隐式去注册定时器的时长之前都可以快速恢复与第一系统的连接。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一时刻，处理单元，还用于启动计时器。该计时器用于记录第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态的时长，第一时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的连接状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。上述时长大于或等于第二时间值的情况下，AMF网元在第一系统中对第一终端执行隐式去注册。该方案可以实现AMF网元统一对离网时长大于或等于第二时间值的多个终端(包括第一终端)统一执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态时，通信单元，还用于向接入网络发送第一消息。该第一消息用于请求接入网络寻呼第一终端，以及在寻呼消息中指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。该方案可以实现在第一终端未被隐式去注册之前，如果此时第一终端依旧未恢复与第一系统的通信，当AMF网元需要向第一终端发送数据，或者AMF网元准备提前隐式去注册终端(即在第一时间值到达之前)或者AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值时，向第一终端告知AMF网元即将隐式去注册该第一终端，以便第一终端根据寻呼消息确定是否恢复与第一系统的连接。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态时，通信单元，还用于通过第二类型接入或者第一网元向第一终端发送第二消息。该第二消息用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于接收来自第一终端的第四消息或第五消息。该第四消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。第四消息中的注册类型为移动注册更新。该第五消息中的注册类型为初始注册，第五消息用于请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。比如， 第四消息和第五消息都可以为注册请求消息。
示例性的，当该通信装置是AMF网元内的芯片或者芯片系统时，该处理单元可以是处理器，该通信单元可以是通信接口。例如通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元执行存储单元所存储的指令，以使该AMF网元实现第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。该存储单元可以是该芯片内的存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)，也可以是该AMF网元内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以实现第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，因此也能实现第二方面或第二方面任意可能的实现方式中的有益效果。该通信装置可以为第一终端，也可以为支持第一终端实现第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的装置，例如应用于第一终端中的芯片。该通信装置可以通过软件、硬件、或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现上述方法。
一种示例，该通信装置，为第一终端或者为应用于第一系统中的芯片或芯片系统，该装置包括：通信单元和处理单元，该通信单元，用于接收或发送信息。该处理单元，用于处理信息。其中，通信单元，用于向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息。该第一信息用于AMF网元确定是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。通信单元，还用于接收来自AMF网元的第一指示。该第一指示用于指示允许终端因离开第一系统并在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示。暂停周期注册指示用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统，以及用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。比如，第一信息中包括第二指示和暂停周期注册指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一信息携带在消息X中，该消息X用于表示第一终端将要离开第一系统。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，用于向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第三消息。该第三消息包括第一信息。其中，第三消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于接收来自AMF网元的第三指示。该第三指示指示不再允许第一终端在进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一USIM通过第一类型接入的系统，通信单元，还用于通过第二类型接入或第一网元向AMF网元发送第一信息。该方案可以适用于第一终端从第一系统中离开之后，与网络侧协商是否允许不进行周期注册的过程。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一系统为第一终端的第一USIM通过第一类型接入的系统，通信单元，还用于通过第二类型接入或第一网元接收来自AMF网元的第一指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于接收来自AMF网元的第一时间值。该第一时间值用于指示第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第二时刻，第一终端启动第三定时器以及第一定时器。该第一定时器的值为第一时间值。第二时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。在第三定时器过期时，处理单元，还用于不主动发起周期注册(即跳过周期注册过程)，但保存过期记录。在第一定时器过期时，处理单元，还用于在第一系统中执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第二时刻，处理单元，还用于启动第三定时器，第二时刻为第一终端在AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。在第三定时器过期时，处理单元，还用于不主动发起周期注册(即跳过周期注册过程)，但保存周期注册的过期记录。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于接收来自接入网络的寻呼消息，寻呼消息用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。例如，该寻呼消息中包括第四指示。该第四指示用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。或者该第四指示用于指示寻呼第一终端，这样可以使得第一终端确定AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第三定时器过期，存在过期记录的情况下，如果满足第一条件时，通信单元，还用于向AMF网元发送第四消息。该第四消息用于请求在第一系统中注册第一终端。第四消息中的注册类型为移动注册更新。其中，第一条件包括以下任一个或多个：第一定时器未超期，第一终端接收到寻呼消息而在预设时间内恢复与第一系统的连接，第一终端未接收到寻呼消息或第一时间值。该预设时间可以携带在寻呼消息中。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，当第一定时器过期，或者第一终端接收到寻呼消息，但是未在预设时间内响应该寻呼消息时，通信单元，还用于向AMF网元发送第五消息。该第五消息中的注册类型为初始注册，第五消息用于请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。比如，第四消息和第五消息都可以为注册请求消息。
示例性的，当该通信装置是第一终端内的芯片或者芯片系统时，该处理单元可以是处理器，该通信单元可以是通信接口。例如通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元执行存储单元所存储的指令，以使该第一终端实现第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。该存储单元可以是该芯片内的存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)，也可以是该第一终端内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面至第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。该计算机可以为AMF网元。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第二方面至第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。该计算机可以为第一终端。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置用于实现上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面的各种可能的设计中的各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一终端，或者包含上述第一终端的装置，或者应用于第一终端中的部件(例如，芯片)。或者，该通信装置可以为上述AMF网元，或者包含上述AMF网元的装置，或者通信装置可以为应用于AMF网元中的部件(例如，芯片)。该通 信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、该模块、单元可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
应理解，上述第九方面中描述的通信装置中还可以包括：总线和存储器，存储器用于存储代码和数据。可选的，至少一个处理器通信接口和存储器相互耦合。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：收发器和至少一个处理器。其中，至少一个处理器和收发器通信，当该通信装置运行时，该至少一个处理器执行存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序，以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面的任一方面的各种可能的设计中的任一项的方法。例如，该通信装置可以为AMF网元，或者为应用于AMF网元中的芯片。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：收发器和至少一个处理器。其中，至少一个处理器和收发器通信，当该通信装置运行时，该至少一个处理器执行存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序，以使该通信装置执行如上述第二方面或第二方面的任一方面的各种可能的设计中的任一项的方法。例如，该通信装置可以为第一终端，或者为应用于第一终端中的芯片。
应理解，第十方面至第十一方面任一方面描述的通信装置还可以包括存储器，该存储器还可以使用存储介质替换，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第十方面至第十一方面任一方面描述的存储器可以为该通信装置内部的存储器，当然，该存储器也可以位于该通信装置外部，但是至少一个处理器仍然可以执行该存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或者多个模块，用于实现上述第一方面、第二方面中任一个方面的方法，该一个或者多个模块可以与上述第一方面、第二方面中任一个方面的方法中的各个步骤相对应。
第十三方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，处理器用于读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行第一方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，芯片系统可以为单个芯片，或者多个芯片组成的芯片模组。
可选地，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器与处理器通过电路或电线与存储器连接。进一步可选地，芯片系统还包括通信接口。通信接口用于与芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
第十四方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，处理器用于读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行第二方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，芯片系统可以为单个芯片，或者多个芯片组成的芯片模组。
可选地，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器与处理器通过电路或电线与存储器连接。进一步可选地，芯片系统还包括通信接口。通信接口用于与芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
第十五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第一终端和第一系统中的AMF网元。其中，第一终端用于执行第二方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法，AMF网元用于执行第一方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
上述提供的任一种装置或计算机存储介质或计算机程序产品或芯片或通信系统均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文提供的对应的方法中对应方案的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的系统架构图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种5G网络的系统架构图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种非-3GPP接入的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种控制面协议栈的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6a～图6b为本申请实施例提供的不同情况下的该通信方法的流程示意图；
图7～图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的具体实施例的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如，第一终端和第二终端仅仅是为了区分不同的终端，并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
本申请实施例中提供的一种通信方法中所涉及到的步骤仅仅作为示例，并非所有的步骤均是必须执行的步骤，或者并非各个信息或消息中的内容均是必选的，在使用过程中可以根据需要酌情增加或减少。
本申请实施例中同一个步骤或者具有相同功能的步骤或者消息在不同实施例之间可以互相参考借鉴。
本申请实施例描述的系统架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。本申请实施例中以提供的方法应用于LTE系统或NR系统或第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile networks或5th generation wireless systems、5th-Generation，5G)网络中为例进行说明。
在介绍本申请实施例之前首先对本申请实施例中涉及到的名词作如下释义：
1)、移动可达定时器(mobile reachable timer)，接入和移动管理(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元或移动管理实体(mobile managenment entity，MME)用于确定终端是否可达的定时器，比终端的周期注册定时器的运行时长长。以5G网络为例，该移动可达定时器在终端进入空闲态(5GMM-IDLE mode)时启动，在N1NAS信令连接建立时停止。若移动可达定时器过期或超期(expiry)，则AMF网元确定终端不可达。一般情况下，在移动可达定时器过期后，AMF网元会启动隐式去注册定时器(implicit de-registration timer)，且停止寻呼终端。若N1NAS信令连接建立，则隐式去注册定时器停止。否则，若隐式去注册定时器过期，则AMF网元隐式去注册该终端。
2)、周期注册定时器(periodic registration timer)，终端侧用于该终端确定周期注册的定时器。若终端通过3GPP接入连接系统，则AMF网元会在注册流程中向终端提供周期注册定时器的值。该周期注册定时器在终端离开连接态时启动，在进入连接态或去注册时停止。在周期注册定时器过期时，该终端应该执行周期注册。
如图1所示，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统，该系统包括：设备10，系统1中的接入和移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元20，系统2中的接入和移动管理功能网元30。
其中，设备10为多全球用户识别(multiple universal subscriber identity module，MUSIM)卡终端，即该设备10中具有多个全球用户识别(universal subscriber identity module，USIM)卡。该设备10包括多个终端，比如终端a和终端b，其中终端a与该设备10中的USIM卡1对应，终端b与该设备10中的USIM卡2对应。也即设备10可以为包括终端a和终端b的设备。
其中，系统1为该终端a通过USIM卡1以及系统1中的接入网设备40接入的系统。系统2为该终端b利用USIM卡2以及系统2中的接入网设备50接入的系统。
在本申请实施例中，设备10可以分布于无线网络中，每个设备可以是静态的或移动的。
作为一种示例，系统1不仅包括终端a通过USIM卡1接入的接入网设备40，还包括终端a通过USIM卡1接入的核心网(core network，CN)设备。比如，核心网设备可以包括AMF网元20。
作为一种示例，系统2不仅包括终端b通过USIM卡2接入的接入网设备50，还包括终端b通过USIM卡2接入的核心网(core network，CN)设备。比如，核心网设备可以包括AMF网元30。
本申请实施例中的设备10可以支持多接收或者单接收，但是设备10不能同时与系统1和系统2同时通信。如果设备10中的终端a当前接入系统1，且与系统1保持连接状态，那么终端b此时离开系统2。若该设备10又希望利用终端b与系统2通信，那么终端a可以离开系统1，然后终端b恢复与系统2的通信。
终端a离开系统1指终端a断开与系统1的网络的连接，包括与核心网的连接、与接入网设备的连接等，即终端a在离开系统1后，终端a在系统1中的状态会从连接态转变为空闲态。
下述以该终端为双USIM卡设备为例，双USIM卡设备就重点聚焦单接收单发送和双接收单发送两种。单发送指同时只允许终端通过一个USIM卡发送数据，单接收指同时只允许终端通过一个USIM卡接收数据。不管是单接收单发送，还是双接收单发送，都不允许终端通过两个USIM同时接收和发送，即不允许两个USIM卡同时与两个系统通信。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以适用于如下场景：
场景1、以设备10为手机为例，如果设备10为多接收，如果用户正在使用手机中的USIM卡1接听电话，而这时手机又接收到USIM卡2的来电，如果用户选择接听USIM卡2的来电，那么就可以认为该手机离开手机通过USIM卡1接入的系统，而该手机通过USIM卡2接入另一个系统。
场景2、以设备10为手机为例，如果设备10为单接收，设备10在同一个时刻只能接收到一个USIM卡1的来电。如果用户正在使用手机中的USIM卡1接听电话，如果用户实际希望接收到USIM卡2的来电，那么用户可以选择结束利用USIM卡1接听电话，而离开手机通过USIM卡1接入的系统，而该手机通过USIM卡2接入另一个系统与另一个系统，以查看是否接收到该USIM卡2的来电。
值得说明的是，上述场景1和场景2仅是一种终端离开当前接入的系统的示例，而不构成对本申请的限定。
本申请实施例中如图1所示的通信系统可以应用于4G网络架构、5G网络架构以及未来出现的其他网络架构，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
以图1所示的通信系统适用于5G网络架构为例，那么接入网设备40或接入网设备50对应的网元或者实体可以为5G网络中的(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)设备。
如果图1所示的通信系统适用于4G网络架构为例，那么该接入和移动管理功能网元20或接入和移动管理功能网元30可以由分组核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)中的网元，比如MME替换。接入网设备对应的网元或者实体可以为4G网络架构中的网络设备。
如图2所示，系统1除了包括接入和移动管理功能网元20或者系统2除了包括接入网设备40或接入网设备50外，还可以包括：用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元、数据网络(data network，DN)、网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function，NSSF)网元、网络能力开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、用户数据库(user data repository，UDR)、以及网络仓库贮存功能(network repository function，NRF)网元，该NRF网元主要用于网元的发现。
其中，终端通过(R)AN设备接入网络，终端通过N1接口(简称N1)与AMF网元通信。SMF网元通过N4接口(简称N4)与一个或者多个UPF网元通信。UPF网元通过N6接口(简称N6)与DN通信。(R)AN设备与AMF网元之间通过N2接口(简称N2)通信。(R)AN设备通过N3接口(简称N3)与UPF网元通信。其中，控制面网元也可以采用服务化接口进行交互。例如，如图2所示，AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、或者PCF网元采用服务化接口进行交互。比如，AMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Namf。SMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nsmf。UDM网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nudm。PCF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Npcf。NSSF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nnssf。NEF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nnef。AF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Naf。NRF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nnrf。应理解，各种服务化接口的名称的相关描述可以参考现有技术中的5G系统架构(5G system architecture)图，在此不予赘述。
如图2所示的网络架构中，以控制面网元采用服务化接口进行交互为例，当然控制面网元也 可以采用如下方式进行通信：AMF实体通过N11接口(简称N11)与SMF网元通信。一个或多个UPF网元中任意两个UPF网元通过N9接口(简称N9)通信。SMF网元通过N7接口(简称N7)与PCF网元通信，PCF网元通过N5接口与AF网元通信。任意两个AMF网元之间通过N14接口(简称N14)通信。SMF网元通过N10接口(简称N10)与UDM通信。AMF网元通过N12接口(简称N12)与AUSF通信。AUSF网元通过N13接口(简称N13)与UDM网元通信。AMF网元通过N8接口(简称N8)与UDM网元通信。
需要说明的是，图2仅是示例性的给出一个UPF网元、SMF网元。当然，该中可能包括多个UPF网元、SMF网元，如包括SMF网元1和SMF网元2，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，图2的(R)AN设备、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元和PCF网元等仅是一个名字，名字对设备本身不构成限定。在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中，(R)AN设备、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元和PCF网元所对应的网元或实体也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。例如，该UDM网元还有可能被替换为用户归属服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)或者用户签约数据库(user subscription database，USD)或者数据库实体，等等，在此进行统一说明，后续不再赘述。
本申请实施例中的第一类型接入为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入，包含的接入技术类型(RAT TYPE)可以为NG-RAN，E-UTRAN，UTRAN，NB-IoT等。例如，终端10可以使用3GPP接入网设备连接网络。其中，接入网设备可以为基站。例如，称为下一代基站节点(Next Generation Node Basestation，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)等。
第二类型接入为非第三代合作伙伴计划(non-3rd Generation Partnership Project，non-3GPP)接入。non-3GPP接入技术可以是非可信non-3GPP接入技术，也可以是可信non-3GPP接入技术，也可以是有线5G接入网络(Wireline 5G Access Network，W-5GAN)等。
图3示出了本申请一实施例中终端使用3GPP接入连接网络的架构示意图，如图3所示，终端除了可以通过3GPP接入还可以通过non-3GPP接入连接到5G核心网(例如，5G核心网中的AMF网元)。
此外，可以理解的是，当终端采用图3所示的方式接入5G核心网时，该5G核心网中的网元与图2所示的5G核心网中的网元相同。具体的，可以参考图2中的网元，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中涉及到的各个网元的含义如下：
N3IWF网元，用于实现不可信非3GPP接入网络通过该网元接入5G核心网。
SMF网元，会话管理功能，如会话建立、修改和释放，包括维护UPF和AN节点间的隧道。终端的IP地址分配和管理(包括可选的授权)。在UPF网元中配置流量路由。NAS消息的会话管理部分终结点。
终端，允许用户接入网络服务的设备。3GPP标准中，终端和网络间的接口是无线接口。
终端(terminal)可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备；还可以包括用户单元(subscriber unit)、蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能电话(smart phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handheld)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、无绳电话(cordless phone)或者无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)台、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)，移动台 (mobile station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)或者中继用户设备等。其中，中继用户设备例如可以是5G家庭网关(residential gateway，RG)。为方便描述，本申请中，上面提到的设备统称为终端。
应理解，本申请实施例中的终端可以为物联网终端设备、港口、智能工厂、铁路交通、物流、无人机、无人驾驶汽车等多种垂直行业应用领域中的终端。例如：移动机器人(mobile robot)、自动导引车(automated guided vehicle，AGV)，无人驾驶汽车，列车上的控制设备和传感器、工厂中部署的控制设备和传感器(sensor)等。
作为示例，在本申请实施例中，该终端还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。该终端还可以为应用于工厂的传感器设备。
如图4所示，图4提供了一种通信系统的控制面协议栈，如图4所示，终端的控制面协议栈由上至下依次包括：非接入(non-access stratum，NAS)层、无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层、分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(medium access control，MAC)层以及物理层(physical layer，PHY)层。以网络设备为gNB为例，gNB的控制面协议栈由上至下依次包括：RRC层、PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层以及PHY层。图4中以AMF网元的协议栈包括NAS层为例。
RRC连接：在终端和gNB之间通过RRC协议建立的连接，其中RRC协议是控制面协议栈的一部分。终端处于连接态时，终端与RAN之间存在RRC连接，若RRC连接释放，则终端进入空闲态。
NAS信令连接：终端和核心网网元之间的一一对应的连接。对于5G来说，可以叫做N1NAS信令连接，指的是终端和AMF网元之间的一一对应的连接。
结合图1，为了尽量减少终端a离开当前正在通信的系统1对系统1的影响，在终端a离开系统1时，终端a需要与系统1协商，即在离开系统1时，终端a向系统1的核心网指示其即将离开系统10，核心网可以根据指示确定发送给该终端a的下行数据的处理方法，如缓存、丢弃或寻呼终端a等。
目前现有技术中，对于通过3GPP接入注册到网络的终端，该终端在离开其接入的系统进入空闲态后需要执行周期注册，以使网络(可以指该终端接入的系统中的核心网(比如，5G核心网或者4G核心网))了解终端是否依然需要连接网络，如果终端没有及时注册，则会被网络去注册，从而删除该终端的相关信息。具体的，终端在离开系统1，在系统1中进入空闲态后，终端启动周期注册定时器，该周期注册定时器的值为AMF网元在注册过程中发送给终端的。终端在进入空闲态后，AMF网元启动一个移动可达定时器，该移动可达定时器的值大于周期注册定时器的值。若移动可达定时器过期后，终端在系统1中仍处于空闲态，则AMF网元认为终端不可达，且启动一个隐式去注册定时器。若隐式去注册定时器过期后，终端在系统1中仍处于空闲态，则AMF网元隐式去注册该终端。该终端的相关信息可以指释放会话，终止会话管理/接入管理策略关联， 移出SMF网元与DNN和PDU会话ID的关联，终端上下文释放等等。
本申请实施例中的隐式去注册指网络本地对终端执行去注册，而不通知终端。
对于通过non-3GPP接入注册到网络的终端，在进入空闲态后直接启动non-3GPP去注册定时器，non-3GPP去注册定时器的值是AMF网元在注册过程中发送给终端的。终端在进入空闲态后，AMF网元启动一个non-3GPP隐式去注册定时器，non-3GPP隐式去注册定时器的值大于non-3GPP去注册定时器的值。若non-3GPP去注册定时器超期，则终端隐式去注册。若非non-3GPP隐式去注册定时器超期，则AMF网元执行隐式去注册。
本申请实施例中终端侧隐式去注册定时器也可以称为去注册定时器，本申请对名称不做限定。
只要终端在某一时刻进入连接态，若上述某个定时器正在进行，则停止该定时器。
若执行了去注册，则网络中将没有终端的上下文信息以及会话信息等。若终端需要恢复之前的通信，需要执行初始注册和建立会话，会消耗大量的信令造成时延，从而影响用户体验。
目前现有技术中，结合图1，当终端a在离开当前系统1时，终端a向AMF网元提供释放指示和释放辅助信息，释放指示用于指示终端a将离开当前系统1，释放辅助信息包括：终端a期望网络触发下行服务到达指示的会话或服务，终端a将离开这个服务网络的期望时间阶段。终端a期望恢复与当前系统10的连接时，终端a直接向AMF网元发送服务请求或注册请求，AMF网元根据终端a提供的信息指示SMF网元恢复会话的用户面。
但是上述方案中，由于未考虑终端a在系统10中被隐式去注册的问题，即若终端a离开系统1过程中，被AMF网元执行隐式去注册，那么如果终端a后续需要再次接入系统1就要重新在系统1中进行初始注册和重新建立会话，而重新初始注册和重新建立会话将带来大量信令造成时延，从而影响用户的体验。
基于此，为解决上述问题，本申请实施例中第一终端利用第一信息和第一系统中AMF网元进行协商，在AMF网元允许第一终端离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，AMF网元可以利用第一指示向第一终端指示网络侧允许第一终端由于离开第一系统而导致的在第一系统中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样便于第一终端确定在离开第一系统后，可以不在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册。此外，第一终端还可以确定在该周期注册定时器过期时即使第一终端未发起周期注册，其暂时也不会被网络侧隐式去注册。
在本申请实施例中，一种通信方法的执行主体的具体结构，本申请实施例并未特别限定，只要可以通过运行记录有本申请实施例的一种通信方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例的一种通信方法进行通信即可。例如，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的执行主体可以是第一终端中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块，或者为应用于第一终端中的通信装置，例如，芯片、芯片系统、集成电路等等。这些芯片、芯片系统、集成电路可以设置于第一终端内部，也可以相对于第一终端独立，本申请实施例不做限制。本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的执行主体可以是AMF网元中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块，或者为应用于AMF网元中的通信装置，例如，芯片、芯片系统、集成电路等等，这些芯片、芯片系统、集成电路可以设置于AMF网元内部，也可以相对于AMF网元独立，本申请实施例不做限制。
如图5所示，以终端和AMF网元交互的方式示意了本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法，该通信方法包括：
步骤501、第一终端向第一系统中的AMF网元发送第一信息。相应的，AMF网元接收来自AMF网元的第一信息。
例如，第一信息用于请求是否允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。可选的，第一信息用于请求是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统并在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
不进行周期注册可以指：在第一终端的第三定时器(周期注册定时器)超期后，第一终端可以暂时不向第一系统发起周期注册。
其中，第一终端所在的设备(比如设备10)具有多个全球用户识别卡，第一终端对应多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，第一系统为第一终端接入的系统。
结合图1，比如，第一终端可以为终端a，第一系统可以为系统1。
作为一种示例，第一终端的第一USIM通过第一类型接入第一系统。示例性的，第一类型接入可以为3GPP接入。
作为一种示例，第一信息可以为消息X，或者第一信息作为一个字段携带在消息X中。
作为一种示例，第一信息为第一终端准备离开第一系统时向AMF网元发送的消息，那么本申请实施例中的第一消息为上行NAS消息。
作为另一种示例，第一信息可以为第一终端在第一系统中注册时向AMF网元发送的消息，那么，该第一信息用于表示第一终端请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。例如，第一信息可以为注册请求消息。
作为再一种示例，第一信息可以为第一终端离开第一系统之后，向AMF网元发送的消息。比如，第一终端离开第一系统之后，通过non-3GPP接入向AMF网元发送上行NAS消息，该上行NAS消息即为第一信息。
步骤502、AMF网元根据第一信息向第一终端发送第一指示。相应的，第一终端接收来自AMF网元的第一指示。其中，第一指示用于第一终端确定AMF网元允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，或者第一指示用于指示AMF网元允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
作为一种示例，第一指示用于第一终端确定AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，或者第一指示用于指示AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
作为一种示例，本申请实施例中的第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态可以指：第一终端由于离开第一系统导致第一终端在第一系统中的状态变为空闲态。
作为另一种示例，本申请实施例中的第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态可以指：第一终端由于未离开第一系统导致第一终端在第一系统中的状态变为空闲态。
下述实施例以第一终端由于离开第一系统导致第一终端在第一系统中的状态变为空闲态为例。
本申请实施例中的第一指示可以为用于第一终端确定AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的消息。
可以理解的是，AMF网元根据第一信息确定允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，向第一终端发送第一指示。
在步骤502之前，作为一种可能的实现方式，该方法还可以包括：AMF网元基于本地策略和/或该终端的签约数据，决定是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
比如说，本地策略包括如下信息：若第一设备所在的设备为多USIM卡设备，则允许第一终 端暂停周期注册。若第一终端所在的设备不是多USIM卡设备，则不允许第一终端不进行周期注册，或者要求第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后进行周期注册。若第一终端离开第一系统的期望时间超过预设的值，则AMF网元允许第一终端不进行周期注册。若第一终端离开第一系统的期望时间未超过预设的值，则AMF网元不允许第一终端不进行周期注册，或者要求第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后进行周期注册。
比如说，AMF网元可以从UDM网元处获取该第一终端的签约数据，或者AMF网元中具有该第一终端的签约数据。该第一终端的签约数据中包括是否允许该第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的指示信息。
在一种可能的实施例中，如图5所示，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤502之后，还可以包括：步骤503、第一终端根据第一指示，在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。即不执行周期注册的过程。
例如，第一终端根据第一指示，当第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。即不执行周期注册的过程。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法中第一终端利用第一信息和第一系统中AMF网元进行协商，在AMF网元允许第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，AMF网元可以利用第一指示向第一终端指示网络侧允许第一终端在第一系统中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样便于第一终端确定在第一系统中进入空闲态后可以不用在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册。此外，第一终端还可以确定在该周期注册定时器过期时即使第一终端未发起周期注册，其暂时也不会被网络侧隐式去注册。
由于第一终端可以在不同阶段与网络侧协商是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统，而在第一系统中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册，下述将分别介绍：
示例一、第一终端离开第一系统阶段，第一终端与网络协商第一终端在离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后是否不进行周期注册。
由于在第一终端准备离开第一系统的阶段，该第一终端在第一系统中依然处于连接态，即未与第一系统断开连接，因此第一终端可以与网络协商是否允许该第一终端由于离开第一系统，而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
本申请实施例中第一终端可以隐式表示或显式表示该第一终端请求该第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，下述将分别介绍：
示例1.1、显式表示
第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示(也可以称为：不进行周期注册指示)，或者，该第一信息即为暂停周期注册指示。该暂停周期注册指示用于指示第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在示例1.1中、在第一终端离开第一系统时，第一终端向网络侧指示该第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。那么，当第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示时，第一信息即为消息1。该消息1为指示第一终端将离开第一系统的消息，换言之消息1中包括暂停周期注册指示。该第一信息为暂停周期注册指示时，第一信息携带在消息1中。
当然，该消息1中还可以包括：释放指示和释放辅助信息。该释放指示用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统。释放辅助信息包括：第一终端期望网络触发下行服务到达指示的会话或服务，第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时间。比如说，AMF网元确定第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时间 大于预设时间阈值，则允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中处于空闲态后不进行周期注册。
比如，消息1的内容可以表述为：{暂停周期注册指示，释放指示，释放辅助信息}。或者，该第一信息也可以位于释放辅助信息中。比如，第一信息为指示符“0”，该指示符“0”作为一个字段位于释放辅助信息中。
示例性的，在示例1-1中，消息1可以为上行NAS消息。该上行NAS消息可以为终端在离开第一系统时，向AMF网元发送的消息。由于终端和第一系统之间依然保持连接状态，故可以向AMF网元发送上行NAS消息。
那么，在示例1.1中，AMF网元可以根据暂停周期注册指示确定第一终端期望由于离开第一系统而导致第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
示例1.2、隐式表示
在该示例1.2中，第一信息包括第二指示，该第二指示用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统。或者，第一信息中包括第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长，或者第一信息为第二指示。
当第一信息包括第二指示或第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长时，第一信息即为消息1。该消息1为指示第一终端将离开第一系统的消息，换言之消息1中包括第二指示或第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长。该第一信息即为第二指示或第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长时，第一信息携带在消息1中。
在示例1.2中，如果第一信息中不包括暂停周期注册指示，但是AMF网元接收到第二指示或者第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长，那么AMF网元也可以确定第一终端请求是否允许该第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
在示例1.2中、在终端离开第一系统时，第一终端向网络侧指示该第一终端期望因离开第一系统而在第一系统中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。那么，消息1可以用于指示第一终端将离开第一系统。
可选的，第一信息还可以为指示该第一终端所在的设备是多USIM卡设备的指示信息，AMF网元根据该指示信息确定允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
那么，在示例1.2中，AMF网元可以根据该第二指示或期望时长确定第一终端期望终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
比如说，AMF网元根据消息1确定第一终端将离开第一系统，则允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这时消息1中可以不包括第二指示或第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长。
在示例1.2中，AMF网元基于期望时长和/或周期注册更新定时器值确定是否允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
作为一种可能的实施例，结合示例1.1和示例1.2，第一指示可以作为一个字段携带在消息2中。或者，第一指示即为消息2。该消息2可以为下行NAS消息。比如说，第一指示为指示符1表示不允许不进行周期注册。比如说，第一指示为指示符2表示允许不进行周期注册。
作为本申请的一个实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元向第一终端发送第一时间值。该第一时间值用于指示第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器的时长，即该第一时间值为第一终端侧的第一定时器的运行时长。其中，第一定时器指第一终端因离开第一 系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后，由第一终端启动的定时器。第一定时器到期时第一终端执行隐式去注册。例如，该第一定时器可以为第一终端侧的隐式去注册定时器。
一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在同一个消息中，比如消息2中。另一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在不同的消息中。
作为本申请的另一个实施例，该第一指示还可以为第一时间值，这样可以实现AMF网元向第一终端隐式指示网络侧允许第一终端由于离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
上述方案中，AMF网元通过向第一终端提供第一时间值，第一终端可基于收到的第一时间值确定自己是否已经被网络侧隐式去注册，从而在返回第一系统时可以通过不同方式更快速的恢复到连接态。比如第一终端确定网络侧(比如，AMF网元)已经隐式去注册该第一终端，则执行初始注册流程，以在第一系统中恢复到连接态。比如如果第一终端确定网络侧还未隐式去注册该第一终端，则执行注册流程时指示注册类型为移动注册更新，以在第一系统中恢复到连接态。
由于第一信息的内容不同，第一指示的内容、AMF网元和终端的动作存在差异，下述将结合图6a～图6b，分别介绍：
如图6a所示，本申请实施例中的步骤501可以通过以下步骤601a或步骤601b实现：
步骤601a、第一终端向AMF网元发送包括暂停周期注册指示的第一信息，相应的，AMF网元接收来自第一终端的包括暂停周期注册指示的第一信息。
可以理解的是，在步骤601a所示的方案中，第一终端向AMF网元发送暂停周期注册指示。AMF网元收到暂停周期注册指示后，基于本地策略和/或第一终端的签约数据决定是否允许第一终端不进行周期注册。
步骤601b、第一终端向AMF网元发送第一信息，相应的，AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息。其中，第一信息中包括第一终端离开第一系统的期望时长或第二指示。
可以理解的是，在步骤601b所示的方案中，AMF网元在接收到来自第一终端的指示第一终端离开第一系统的上行NAS消息后，AMF网元基于本地策略和/或第一终端的签约数据决定是否允许第一终端因为离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
步骤602a同步骤502，此处不再赘述。
值得说明的是，在步骤601b或步骤601a所示的场景中，若AMF网元允许第一终端不进行周期注册，则AMF网元还向第一终端发送第一时间值。相应的，如图6a所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤602b、AMF网元向第一终端发送第一时间值，相应的，第一终端接收来AMF网元的第一时间值。其中，该用于指示所述第一终端在第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
值得说明的是，若AMF网元不允许第一终端不进行周期注册，则AMF网元向第一终端发送第一时间值的过程可以省略，即AMF网元向第一终端不发送第一时间值。
在该情况下，若AMF网元向第一终端发送了第一时间值，而未向第一终端发送第一指示，那么第一终端也可以确定AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。值得说明的是，当第一指示和第一时间值携带在同一个消息中时，步骤602b可以省略。上述以第一指示和第一时间值通过不同的消息发送给第一终端。相应的，如图6a所示，上述步骤503可以通过以下方式实现：
步骤603、第一终端确定在第一定时器超期之前不进行周期注册。
由于第一定时器的时间值为第一时间值，由AMF网元配置，那么第一终端便可以确定在第一定时器超期之前即使第一终端不进行周期注册，网络侧也暂时不会隐式去注册该第一终端。换言之，第一终端确定在第一定时器超期之后则需要进行周期注册，以防止被网络侧隐式去注册。
值得说明的是，第一终端在第一定时器超期之前，也可以进行周期注册，以恢复与第一系统的连接。第一定时器是AMF网元向第一终端提供的该第一终端由于离开第一系统而导致在第一系统中进入空闲态后的最大可以不进行周期注册的时长。
上述图6a描述了，无论第一信息中是否包括暂停周期注册指示，AMF网元均向第一终端提供了第一时间值为例，当然，在第一终端采用步骤601a或步骤601b中的任一个向AMF网元发送第一信息时，AMF网元也可以不向第一终端提供第一时间值。
可以理解的是，一方面，如果第一终端采用步骤601a向AMF网元发送第一信息，默认只要第一终端发送暂停周期注册指示，AMF网元即允许第一终端因为离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
另一方面，如果第一终端采用步骤601b向AMF网元发送第一信息，即第一信息包括第一终端将离开第一系统的期望时长或第二指示，而不包括暂停周期注册指示，AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值。
可以理解的是，这时默认AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。只要AMF网元接收到来自第一终端的指示该第一终端离开第一系统的上行NAS消息，即使该上行NAS消息中未携带暂停周期注册指示，那么AMF网元便允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
可以理解的是，在图6a～图6b所示的实施例中，无论AMF网元是否向第一终端发送第一时间值，如果第一指示为消息2，那么该消息2中还可以包括：指示信息。该指示信息指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这样第一终端便可以根据该指示信息确定AMF网元允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。当然，该消息2也可以不包括该指示信息。
但是，AMF网元是否向第一终端提供第一时间值，使得第一终端和AMF网元执行隐式去注册的方式存在差异，下述将分别结合图6a或图6b介绍。其中，图6a主要针对AMF网元提供第一时间值时第一终端和AMF网元执行隐式去注册的方式，而图6b主要针对AMF网元未提供第一时间值时第一终端和AMF网元执行隐式去注册的方式：
在一种可能的实施例中，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤603之后还可以包括：
步骤604a、在第二时刻，第一终端启动第三定时器以及第一定时器。第一定时器的值为第一时间值。第二时刻为第一终端从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。换言之，第二时刻即第一终端确定的第一终端由于离开第一系统而在第一系统中从连接态转变为空闲态的时刻。
示例性的，例如，第三定时器为周期注册定时器，第一定时器为隐式去注册定时器。
步骤605a、在第三定时器过期时，第一终端不主动发起周期注册，但保存过期记录。该过期记录表示第三定时器过期。
步骤606a、在第一定时器过期时，第一终端在第一系统中执行隐式去注册。
关于第一终端执行隐式去注册的流程可以参考现有技术中的描述，此处不再赘述。
如图6a所示，在一种可能的实施例中，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤603之后还可以包括：
步骤607a、在第一时刻，AMF网元不启动移动可达定时器(即AMF网元跳过执行移动可达 定时器的启动)。
其中，第一时刻为终端在AMF网元中的连接状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。
当然可以理解的是，AMF网元可以启动移动可达定时器，移动可达定时器过期后，终端仍处于空闲态，则AMF网元认为终端不可达。这种情况下，虽然AMF网元启动了移动可达定时器，但是在移动可达定时器超期时，不启动第二定时器。
如图6a所示，在一种可能的实施例中，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤603之后还可以包括：
步骤608a、在第一时刻，AMF网元启动第二定时器，第二定时器的值大于第一时间值。
步骤609a、在第二定时器到期时，若终端在AMF网元中的连接状态为空闲态，则AMF网元对终端执行隐式去注册。
可以理解的是，第一时刻为从AMF网元角度得到的终端在AMF网元中从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。步骤604a中的第二时刻为从终端角度得到的终端在AMF网元中从连接态变为空闲态的时刻。第一时刻和第二时刻可以相同，也可以不同，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
结合图6a，本申请实施例提供的方法在AMF网元向第一终端发送第一指示之前，还可以包括：AMF网元根据本地策略、第一终端的签约数据、第一终端提供的期望离开的时长、移动模型中的一个或多个确定第一时间值。
在一种可能的实施例中，如果上述示例一中AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值，那么，如图6a所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤610a、第一终端在第一系统中进入空闲态后，AMF网元向接入网络发送寻呼请求，接入网络接收来自AMF网元的寻呼请求。该寻呼请求用于请求接入网络寻呼该第一终端，以及在寻呼消息中指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
比如，寻呼请求中包括字段1和字段2。字段1用于请求接入网络寻呼第一终端。字段2用于指示接入网络在寻呼该第一终端的寻呼消息中指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。或者第一消息中包括字段1，该字段1用于请求接入网络寻呼该第一终端，以及用于指示接入网络在寻呼该第一终端的寻呼消息中指示AMF网元即将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
可选的，寻呼请求中包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示AMF网元将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
所谓的即将隐式去注册指在一段时间(比如，预设时间)后，AMF网元将对该第一终端执行隐式去注册。本申请实施例对AMF网元发送寻呼请求的时刻与执行隐式去注册的时间间隔不做限定。可选的，该寻呼请求中还可以包括一个时间段，用于使得第一终端明确网络侧对第一终端执行隐式去注册的时间。
上述步骤610a可以通过以下方式实现，AMF网元向接入网络(例如，RAN)发送寻呼请求，RAN再寻呼终端。上述第一指示信息包含在AMF网元发送给RAN的寻呼请求和RAN向第一终端发送的寻呼消息中。
步骤611a、第一系统中的接入网络向第一终端发送寻呼消息。相应的，第一终端接收来自接入网络的寻呼消息。该寻呼消息中包括寻呼原因，寻呼原因指示AMF网元即将隐式去注册该第一终端。
在本申请的一个实施例中，如果AMF网元向终端发送了第一时间值，那么步骤610a～步骤611a可以省略。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，如果AMF网元向第一终端发送了第一时间值，那么AMF网元 依然可以执行步骤610a～步骤611a。这是由于第一时间值可能较长，在未达到该第一时间值之前由于其他因素导致的AMF网元可能想提前隐式去注册该第一终端，因此AMF网元通知第一终端即将被隐式去注册。这样如果第一终端想继续和第一系统进行业务传输，那么第一终端可以根据寻呼请求提前恢复与第一系统的连接，而无需等到第一时间值结束。另一方面，便于第一终端确定AMF网元提前隐式去注册第一终端。
在一种可能的实施例中，如果AMF网元确定不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元向第一终端发送第四消息。相应的，第一终端接收来自该AMF网元的第四消息。该第四消息中包括第三信息。该第三信息指示不允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。或该第三信息指示要求第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后进行周期注册。例如，第三信息可以为暂停周期注册指示。
当第一终端还未离开第一系统时，AMF网元确定不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，那么第三消息可以为UE配置更新命令消息。
当第一终端离开第一系统后，AMF网元确定不再允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，则AMF网元可以通过寻呼服务器或者第二系统中的网元向第一终端发送该第三信息。具体的，AMF网元可以在第一终端或者AMF网元对该第一终端执行隐式去注册之前向第一终端发送该第三信息。
在一种可能的实施例中，待第一终端通过第一全球用户识别卡从第一系统中离开后，该第二终端可以通过第二全球用户识别卡与第二系统通信，那么该第二终端还可以通过以下方式确定离开第二系统。
基于下述条件中的一种或多种确定离开第二系统：
1)、该第二终端在第二系统中的业务已经完成。2)、该第一终端接收到寻呼消息，该寻呼消息中可能指示触发寻呼的MT数据的业务相关信息。该寻呼消息用于寻呼第一终端。3)、该第一终端接收到AMF网元即将在第一系统中隐式去注册该第一终端的消息(比如，寻呼消息)。4)、该第一终端接收到第一时间值，在隐式去注册之前决定暂时恢复下与第一系统的连接以免被第一系统中的AMF网元去注册。
本申请实施例中待第二终端离开第二系统之后，第一终端可以执行第一系统的恢复流程，若该第一终端确定AMF网元未在第一系统中对该第一终端执行隐式去注册，或者该第一终端未在第一系统中对该第一终端执行隐式去注册，则该第一终端可以通过下述情况1。若该第一终端已在第一系统中被隐式去注册，那么第一终端可以通过情况2恢复与第一系统的连接。
作为一种可选的实施例，如图6a所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤612、第一终端向AMF网元发送初始NAS消息。相应的，AMF网元接收来自该终端的初始NAS消息。该注册更新消息用于请求在第一系统中注册该第一终端。
初始NAS消息是在第一系统中处于空闲态的第一终端向AMF网元发送的第一条消息，用于建立该第一终端到AMF网元的NAS信令连接。初始NAS消息一般包括注册请求消息和服务请求消息等。具体的，这里的初始NAS消息分为下述几种场景：
情况1、初始NAS消息可以是服务请求消息或注册请求消息。
场景1.1)、若周期注册定时器未过期，则初始NAS消息可以是服务请求消息或注册请求消息。考虑到服务请求新流程的主要目的：将第一终端的状态从空闲态变为连接态，因此，一般情 况下，第一终端会选择发送服务请求消息。当然，作为可选，第一终端可以选择发送注册请求消息，并在注册请求消息中指示注册类型为移动注册更新。
场景1.2)、若周期注册定时器过期，即有过期记录，且满足如下情况a～情况c中的任一个，则初始NAS消息为注册请求消息，且注册请求消息中指示注册类型为周期注册更新。
情况a、第一终端收到第一时间值，但第一终端侧的隐式去注册定时器未过期。
情况b、第一终端收到带有即将隐式去注册指示的寻呼消息，在预设时间内该第一终端开始执行恢复流程，在这种情况下，具体的时间值由实现确定，本申请实施例不做限定。
情况c、该第一终端未收到第一时间值或带有即将隐式去注册指示的寻呼消息。此种情况下，第一终端为注册态，第一终端可以发送服务请求消息，但实际上已过期，第一终端需要和网络侧通过注册流程协商一些信息，因此发送注册请求消息更加合理。
对于上述情况b)或c)，第一终端无法准确知晓网络是否已去注册该第一终端，所以可能在发送注册请求消息或服务请求消息后，收到注册拒绝消息或服务拒绝消息，并指示该第一终端已被隐式去注册。
情况2、初始NAS消息为注册请求消息。其中，注册请求消息中携带注册类型为初始注册。
可以理解的是，该第一终端在下述场景下执行初始注册流程：
1)接收到第一时间值，且隐式去注册定时器过期；或2)接收到指示即将隐式去注册的寻呼消息，第一终端在预设时间后才向AMF网元发送用于恢复连接的消息，在这种情况下，具体的时间值由实现确定，本申请实施例不做限定。
如图6b所示，作为一种可选的实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤603之后还可以包括：
步骤604b、在第一时刻，AMF网元启动计时器。
其中，计时器用于记录第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态的时长。
步骤605b、第一终端因离开第一系统进入空闲态的时长大于或等于第二时间值的情况下，AMF网元对第一终端执行隐式去注册。
具体的，AMF网元根据运营商的策略和/或AMF网元的本地配置，AMF网元在特定的时间统一对因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态的多个终端(包括本申请实施例中的第一终端)执行隐式去注册。这时AMF网元基于离网计时器确定是否隐式去注册该第一终端。例如以多个终端包括终端a、终端b以及终端c为例，如果终端a和终端b因离开第一系统进入空闲态的时长大于或等于第二时间值，那么AMF网元对终端a和终端b执行隐式去注册。
示例的，AMF网元周期隐式去注册离网超过两个周期注册时间值的终端。本申请实施例对于AMF网元对因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态的多个终端z执行隐式去注册的时间以及如何参考离网计时器不做限定。
如图6b所示，作为一种可选的实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤603之后还可以包括：
步骤606b、在第二时刻，第一终端启动第三定时器。
步骤607b、第三定时器过期时，第一终端不主动发起周期注册，但保存过期记录。该过期记录用于记录第三定时器过期。
步骤608b～步骤610b、同步骤610a～步骤612，此处不再赘述。
值得说明的是，上述图6a与图6b的区别在于：图6a中为第一终端接收到第一时间值的情况下，第一终端的动作和AMF网元对第一终端执行隐式去注册的动作。图6b为AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值的情况下，AMF网元对第一终端执行隐式去注册的动作，以及终端的动 作。
示例二、第一终端在第一系统中注册阶段，与网络协商第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后是否不进行周期注册。
那么，在示例二中该消息1可以为注册请求消息，消息2可以为注册接受消息。
在该示例二中，第一信息为注册请求消息，那么注册请求消息中包括暂停周期注册指示。第一信息携带在注册请求消息中，那么该第一信息可以为暂停周期注册指示。
在该示例二中，第一指示携带在消息2中，该第一指示为用于指示允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册的指示。比如暂停周期注册指示。
在示例二中，作为本申请的一个实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元向第一终端发送第一时间值。
一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在同一个消息中，比如消息2中。另一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在不同的消息中。
作为本申请的另一个实施例，该第一指示还可以为第一时间值。这样可以实现AMF网元向第一终端隐式指示网络侧允许第一终端由于离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册。
上述示例一和示例二可以结合，即第一终端先在第一系统中进行注册，注册之后再执行离开第一系统的步骤。
如果在注册阶段，AMF网元未向第一终端发送第一时间值，那么在第一终端离开第一系统时，AMF网元可以向该第一终端提供第一时间值。
如果在注册阶段，AMF网元向第一终端提供了第一时间值，那么在第一终端离开第一系统时，AMF网元也可以不发送第一时间值。或者，即使在注册阶段，AMF网元向第一终端发送了第一时间值。在第一终端离开第一系统时，AMF网元也可以再次向第一终端发送一个第一时间值，AMF网元在两个阶段发送的第一时间值可以不同，也可以相同，本申请实施例对此不做限定。比如，若AMF网元在两个阶段发送的第一时间值可以不同，那么第一终端可以以AMF网元在第一终端离开第一系统时向第一终端发送的第一时间值为准。
示例三、第一终端离开第一系统之后，与网络协商第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后是否不进行周期注册。
在示例三中，该第一信息为第一终端离开第一系统后向AMF网元发送的消息。一方面，第一信息为消息1(比如，上行NAS消息，也可以为专门用于协商是否允许暂停周期注册的消息)，那么上行NAS消息中包括暂停周期注册指示。第一信息携带在上行NAS消息中，那么该第一信息可以为暂停周期注册指示。
第一指示为用于指示允许第一终端暂停周期注册的指示。比如用于指示允许第一终端暂停周期注册的指示为暂停周期注册指示。
相应的，步骤501可以通过以下方式1和方式2实现：
方式1、第一终端利用第二类型接入向AMF网元发送包括暂停周期注册指示的第一信息。相应的，AMF网元通过第二类型接入接收来自该第一终端的第一信息。
比如，第二类型接入为non-3GPP接入技术。比如，第一终端向第一系统中的N3IWF发送第一信息，以由N3IWF将第一信息转发给AMF网元。
在示例三的方式1中，作为本申请的一个实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF 网元利用第二类型接入向第一终端发送第一时间值。
一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在同一个消息中，比如消息2中。另一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在不同的消息中。
作为本申请的另一个实施例，该第一指示还可以为第一时间值，这样可以实现AMF网元向第一终端隐式指示网络侧允许其在由于离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册。
相应的，上述步骤502可以通过以下方式实现：AMF网元通过第二类型接入向该第一终端发送第一指示。相应的，该第一终端通过第二系统中的网元接收来自该AMF网元的第一指示。
比如，待第二终端与第二系统建立连接之后，第一终端可以通过第二终端在第二系统中的用户面再次向第一系统注册，以使得第一终端实现通过第二类型接入第一系统。因此，待第二终端与第二系统具有通信连接，而第一终端离开第一系统的情况下，第一终端可以利用第二类型接入向第一终端发送第一信息。
当然，第一终端也可以不借用第二终端的用户面，而采用第二类型接入在第一系统中注册。
方式2、第一终端利用第一系统中的第一网元或装置向AMF网元发送包括暂停周期注册指示的第一信息。相应的，AMF网元从第一系统中的网元处接收来自该第一终端的第一信息。
例如，第一网元或装置可以为寻呼服务器。
值得说明的是，在第一系统中具有一个寻呼服务器，可以将其理解为一个网元或装置。在第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中的连接状态为空闲态的情况下，核心网与第一终端可以通过第二终端在第二系统的用户面向寻呼服务器发送信令。例如当AMF网元确定有下行数据需要寻呼第一终端时，AMF网元可以将下行数据发送给寻呼服务器。寻呼服务器通过第二终端在第二系统的用户面将下行数据发送给该第一终端。
作为本申请的一个实施例，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：AMF网元利用第一网元或装置向终端发送第一时间值。
一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在同一个消息中，比如消息2中。另一种示例，该第一时间值和第一指示携带在不同的消息中。
作为本申请的另一个实施例，该第一指示还可以为第一时间值，这样可以实现AMF网元向第一终端隐式指示网络侧允许第一终端由于离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态不进行周期注册。
相应的，上述步骤502可以通过以下方式实现：AMF网元通过寻呼服务器向该第一终端发送第一指示。相应的，该第一终端通过寻呼服务器接收来自该AMF网元的第一指示。
上述结合示例一～示例三从不同阶段描述了第一终端和网络侧协商在因离开第一系统而在第一系统中的连接状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册的流程。示例二和示例三中第一终端在第一系统中执行隐式去注册的方式和AMF网元在第一系统中对第一终端执行隐式去注册的方式均可以参考示例一中图6a～图6b中的描述，此处不再赘述。
在示例三中上述步骤610a和步骤611a可以通过以下方式替代：第一终端在第一系统中处于空闲态后，AMF网元通过第二类型接入或者第一网元向第一终端发送第二消息，相应的，第一终端通过第二类型接入或者第一网元接收来自AMF网元的第二消息。其中，第二消息用于指示AMF网元即将对第一终端执行隐式去注册。该第二消息可以为NAS通知消息，也可以为寻呼服务器向第一终端发送的通知消息，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
上述实施例以AMF网元允许第一终端在进入空闲态后不进行周期注册为例，如果AMF网元 确定不允许第一终端在进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，那么上述步骤502可以通过以下方式替换：AMF网元根据第一信息向第一终端发送第五指示。相应的，该终端接收来自AMF网元的第五指示。第五指示用于第一终端确定不允许第一终端因离开第一系统而在第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。这时第一终端可以根据第五指示确定在第一系统后且周期注册定时器过期前进行周期注册。或者，在离开第一系统时进行去注册或者隐式去注册。
如图7所示，以多个USIM卡包括USIM卡1和USIM卡2，该USIM卡1和USIM卡2属于同一个设备，即该设备为具有多USIM卡的设备，该多USIM卡的设备为包括终端1和终端2的设备；其中，系统1为该终端1通过USIM卡1接入的系统。系统2为终端2通过USIM卡2接入系统，AMF网元1为系统1中的网元为例，描述在终端1准备离开系统1时，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的具体实施例，该方法包括：
步骤701、终端1向AMF网元1发送上行NAS消息。相应的，AMF网元1接收来自终端1的上行NAS消息。该上行NAS消息用于表示该终端1即将离开系统1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该上行NAS消息包括暂停周期注册指示，该暂停周期注册指示用于指示终端1期望因该终端1离开系统1期间而导致该终端1在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
终端1向AMF网元1发送上行NAS消息后，有两种可能的释放RRC连接的方式，如步骤702和步骤703所示。其中，步骤702为本地释放RRC连接的过程。步骤703为非本地释放RRC连接的过程。其中，步骤702包括：步骤702a～步骤702d。
步骤702a、终端1释放RRC连接。
可以理解的是，终端1释放RRC连接过程中该终端1和RAN1没有交互。
步骤702b、AMF网元1收到上行NAS消息后，向RAN1发送UE上下文释放命令消息。相应的，RAN1接收来自AMF网元1的UE上下文释放命令消息。
其中，UE上下文释放命令消息用于指示RAN1释放与该终端1相关的RAN1与AMF1之间的逻辑连接。
步骤702c、RAN1在收到UE上下文释放命令后，若RAN1本地依然存在RRC连接，则本地释放RRC连接。
步骤702d、RAN1在释放RRC连接后，向AMF网元1发送UE上下文释放完成消息。相应的，AMF网元接收来自终端1的UE上下文释放完成消息。该UE上下文释放完成消息用于指示与终端1相关的连接释放已完成。
步骤703、AMF网元1通过RAN1向终端1发送下行NAS消息。相应的，终端1通过RAN1接收来自AMF网元1的下行NAS消息。
可选的，下行NAS消息中包含第一时间值。下行NAS消息用于响应终端1发送的上行NAS消息。第一时间值为终端1的隐式去注册定时器的运行时长。在隐式去注册定时器超期时，终端1执行隐式去注册。AMF网元1可以根据本地策略、签约数据、终端1提供的信息中的一个或多个确定第一时间值。
作为一种示例，步骤703可以通过以下方式实现：AMF网元1向RAN1发送消息A。该消息A中除了包含下行NAS消息外，还包含终端上下文释放的指示。RAN1在向终端1发送下行NAS的同时或之后，向终端1发送RRC释放指示。
步骤701中可能包含暂停周期注册指示，步骤703中可能包含第一时间值。这里有四种可选 的方案：
方案1)、上行NAS消息中包含暂停周期注册指示，在AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，下行NAS消息包含第一时间值。这种方案下，可以理解的是，终端1发送暂停周期注册指示，在收到暂停周期注册指示后，AMF网元1基于本地策略和/或终端1的签约数据决定是否允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的连接状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。若允许，则下行NAS消息中包括第一时间值。若不允许，则下行NAS消息中不包含第一时间值。
方案2)、上行NAS消息中包含暂停周期注册指示，在AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的连接状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，下行NAS消息不包含第一时间值。这种方案下，默认只要终端1发送暂停周期注册指示，AMF网元1即允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
方案3)、上行NAS消息中不包含暂停周期注册指示，在AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册的情况下，下行NAS消息包含第一时间值。这种方案下，可以理解的是，在AMF网元1接收到来自终端1的指示终端1离开系统1的上行NAS消息后，AMF网元1基于本地策略和/或终端1的签约数据决定是否允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。若允许，则下行NAS消息中包含第一时间值。若不允许，则下行NAS消息中不包含第一时间值。
方案4)、上行NAS消息中不包含暂停周期注册指示，下行NAS消息不包含第一时间值。这种方案下，默认AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，只要接收到来自终端1的指示终端1离开系统1的上行NAS消息，终端1就可以在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
对于方案1)和方案3)，终端1和AMF网元1按照如下方式不进行周期注册：
A)、终端1在AMF网元1中的状态从连接态进入空闲态后，AMF网元1不启动移动可达定时器，启动隐式去注册定时器。
该隐式去注册定时器的值大于AMF网元1发送给终端1的第一时间值。若该隐式去注册定时器超期时，终端1仍然处于空闲态，则AMF网元1对终端1执行隐式去注册。
B)、终端1在AMF网元1中的状态从连接态进入空闲态后，终端1启动周期注册定时器，同时启动隐式去注册定时器。周期注册定时器过期时，终端1不主动发起周期注册，但保存过期记录。终端1侧的隐式去注册定时器的值即为第一时间值，隐式去注册定时器过期时，终端1执行隐式去注册。
对于方案2)和方案4)，终端1和AMF网元1按照如下方式不进行周期注册：
A)、终端1在AMF网元1中的状态从连接态进入空闲态后，AMF网元1不启动移动可达定时器和隐式去注册定时器，启动一个离网计时器。
其中，该离网计时器用于记录终端1因离开系统1而处于空闲态的时间。AMF网元根据运营商的策略和/或AMF网元的本地配置，AMF网元在特定的时间统一执行离网的一个或多个终端(包括终端1)的隐式去注册。该隐式去注册基于离网计时器确定是否隐式去注册上述终端1。示例的，AMF网元1周期隐式去注册离网超过两个周期注册时间值的终端。
B)、终端1在AMF网元1中的状态从连接态进入空闲态后，终端1启动周期注册定时器。周期注册定时器过期时，终端1不主动发起周期注册，但保存过期记录。
步骤704、AMF网元1根据终端1提供的信息和/或本地策略，AMF网元1向SMF网元1发送会话更新请求，相应的，SMF网元1接收来自AMF网元1的会话更新请求。该会话更新请求用以指示SMF网元1释放相关会话的用户面，以及在终端1离开当前系统过程中如何处理下行数据，如丢弃下行数据、缓存下行数据、寻呼终端1等等。
步骤705、基于AMF网元1提供的信息、从PCF网元1处获得策略信息、签约数据、本地配置等，SMF网元决定如何处理会话和通知相关的UPF网元。
步骤706、SMF网元1更新会话后，向AMF网元1发送会话更新响应。
上述步骤704-步骤706与步骤707不分先后顺序。
步骤707、终端1离开系统1后，终端2执行系统2的恢复流程。
终端2执行系统2的恢复流程可以参考终端1在系统1中执行的恢复流程，此处不再赘述。下述将从系统1的角度描述终端1执行的恢复流程，即步骤711-715或步骤716-717。终端2执行系统2的恢复流程后，终端2在系统2处于连接态，终端1在系统1中处于空闲态。
步骤708、AMF网元1RAN1发送第一消息。相应的，RAN1接收来自AMF网元1发送的第一消息。其中，第一消息中携带第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示AMF网元1即将隐式去注册该终端1。
所谓即将隐式去注册该终端1指在一段时间后，AMF网元1将对该终端1执行隐式去注册。本申请实施例对AMF网元1发送第一消息与执行隐式去注册的时间间隔不做限定。
步骤709、RAN1向终端1发送寻呼消息，终端1接收来自RAN1的寻呼消息。该寻呼消息中包括寻呼原因。该寻呼原因表示AMF网元1即将隐式去注册该终端1。
步骤710、终端2确定离开系统2。
实际上，假设终端离开其接入的系统都是由用户最终决定的，只是最终由终端来实施用户的决定。终端2确定离开系统2的条件可以参考上述终端1确定离开系统1的条件，此处不再赘述。
步骤711、终端2在系统2执行离开流程。
步骤711的实现可以参考上述步骤701～706的描述，此处不再赘述。
下述通过步骤712～步骤716或步骤717～步骤718描述，终端2离开系统2后，终端1在系统1中的恢复流程。
一种可能的实现，若终端1确定在系统1中未被去注册，则终端1执行步骤712～步骤716。
步骤712、终端1向AMF网元1发送注册请求消息。相应的，AMF网元1接收来自终端的注册请求消息。
例如，注册请求消息可以为初始NAS消息。其中，是空闲态的终端向AMF网元1发送的第一条消息，用于建立该终端到AMF网元1的NAS信令连接。初始NAS消息一般包括注册请求消息和服务请求消息等，具体的，这里的初始NAS消息分为下述几种场景：
场景1)、若周期注册定时器未过期，则初始NAS消息可以是服务请求消息或注册请求消息。由于服务请求消息的主要目的就是将终端从空闲态变为连接态，因此，一般情况下，终端会选择发送服务请求消息。当然，作为可选的，终端1可以选择发送注册请求消息，并在注册请求消息中指示注册类型为移动注册更新。
场景2)、若周期注册定时器超期，即有过期记录，且满足如下a)～c)中的任一个，则初始NAS消息为注册请求消息，且注册请求消息中指示注册类型为周期注册更新。此种情况下，终端为注册态，终端可以发送服务请求消息，但实际上已过期，终端需要和网络侧通过注册流程协商 一些信息，因此发送注册请求消息更加合理，但是发送服务请求消息也可以作为一个备选。
a)、终端1收到第一时间值，但隐式去注册定时器未过期。
b)、终端1收到带有即将隐式去注册指示的寻呼消息，在T1内该终端开始执行在系统1中的恢复流程。
c)、终端1未收到第一时间值或带有即将隐式去注册指示的寻呼消息。
对于上述情况b)或c)，终端1无法准确知晓网络是否已去注册，所以可能在发送注册请求消息或注册请求消息后，收到注册拒绝消息或服务拒绝消息，并指示已隐式去注册，此时不执行步骤713～步骤715，此时和终端1被隐式去注册的场景一致，即终端1可执行步骤717～步骤718。
步骤713、AMF网元1根据终端1提供的信息确定需要激活会话的用户面，则AMF网元1向SMF网元1发送会话更新请求。相应的，SMF网元1接收来自AMF网元1的会话更新请求。该会话更新请求用于指示需要激活该终端1的用户面的会话。
步骤714、SMF网元1根据AMF网元1的指示与UPF网元1交互指示激活对应的会话的用户面。
具体过程可以参考现有技术中的描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤715、用户面激活后，SMF网元1向AMF网元1发送会话更新响应，相应的，AMF网元1接收来自SMF网元1的会话更新响应。
步骤716、AMF网元1向终端1发送NAS响应消息。终端1接收来自AMF网元1的NAS响应消息。
如果AMF网元确定终端1已在系统1中隐式去注册，则NAS响应消息可以是注册拒绝消息，或服务拒绝消息。如果AMF网元确定终端1未在系统1中隐式去注册，则NAS响应消息可以是服务接受消息或者注册接受消息。
另一种可能的实现，若终端1确定在系统1中被隐式去注册，则终端1执行步骤717～步骤718。
步骤717、终端1向AMF网元1发送注册请求消息，相应的，AMF网元1接收来自终端1的注册请求消息。其中，注册请求消息中指示注册类型为初始注册。该终端1在下述场景下执行初始注册流程：
1)、终端1接收到第一时间值，且隐式去注册定时器超期。或，2)、终端1接收到指示即将隐式去注册的寻呼消息。终端1在T1之后才向AMF网元1发送注册请求消息，在这种情况下，具体的T1由实现确定，本申请实施例不做限定。
步骤718、终端1还需要建立会话，即执行会话建立流程。
上述步骤718的具体实现可以参考现有技术中的描述，此处不再赘述。
图7所示的实施例中，终端1在离开系统1后，不需要在周期注册定时器过期时发起周期注册，且终端1可以知道是否已经被隐式去注册，从而可以选择合适的方式恢复在系统1的连接。在图7所示的实施例中，以上述第一信息为上行NAS消息，第一指示为下行NAS消息为例。
在图7所示的实施例中，步骤702a、702b、702c、702d、704-718为可选的步骤。
如图8所示，图8描述本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的具体实施例，该方法与图7所示的实施例的区别在于，终端1在系统1中进行注册时，便与AMF网元1协商因终端1离开系统1而导致终端1在系统1中进入空闲态后是否不进行周期注册，该方法包括：
步骤801、终端1向AMF网元1发送注册请求消息。相应的，AMF网元1接收来自终端的注册请求消息。
其中，该注册请求消息用于请求在系统1的核心网中注册该终端1。
可选的，该注册请求消息中包含暂停周期注册指示，该暂停周期注册指示用于指示终端1期望终端1由于离开系统1而导致在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
步骤802、AMF网元1向终端1发送注册接受消息。终端1接收来自AMF网元1的注册接受消息。
其中，注册接受消息用于指示AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。
如果AMF网元1允许终端1不进行周期注册，那么该注册接受消息中可以包含允许指示信息。该允许指示信息用于指示AMF网元1允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。
可选的，该注册接受消息中包含第一时间值。
如果AMF网元1不允许终端1不进行周期注册，则注册接受消息用于指示AMF网元1不允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。那么一方面，注册接受消息中可以包括第一字段，该第一字段指示AMF网元1不允许终端1因离开系统1而在系统1中的状态为空闲态后不进行周期注册。或者该注册接受消息中可以不包括：允许指示信息，以隐式指示不允许终端不进行周期注册。该第一字段可以位于注册接受消息中携带的暂停周期注册指示中。
步骤803、若AMF网元1确定不再允许终端1不进行周期注册，则AMF网元1向终端1发送配置更新命令消息。相应的，终端1接收来自AMF网元的配置更新命令消息。其中，该配置更新命令消息中包含第一字段。
步骤804、终端1在接收到来自AMF网元1的配置更新命令消息后，终端1可以向AMF网元1发送配置更新完成消息。
步骤805、终端1向AMF网元1发送上行NAS消息，该AMF网元1接收来自终端1的上行NAS消息。该上行NAS消息用于指示终端1即将离开系统1。
步骤806、同上述步骤702中的描述，此处不再赘述。
在一种可能的实施例中，如图8所示，若上述步骤802中的注册接受消息中不包含第一时间值，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤807、则AMF1向终端1发送下行NAS消息，相应的，终端接收来自该AMF网元1的下行NAS消息。该下行NAS消息中包括第一时间值。
步骤808～步骤811、同上述步骤704～步骤707，此处不再赘述。
若AMF网元1在步骤802和步骤807中均未向终端发送第一时间值，那么AMF网元1执行下述步骤812。步骤812、同步骤708，此处不再赘述。步骤813～步骤822、同上述步骤709～步骤718。
图8所示的实施例与图7所示的实施例的区别在于：终端1在系统1的核心网中注册的时候，便向AMF网元1指示终端1希望后续该终端1由于离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。如果AMF网元1在终端1注册阶段便向终端1指示允许该终端1由于离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，那么后续终端1从系统1中离开时便可以省略与AMF网元1协商不进行周期注册的过程，从而终端1在后续因离开系统1而进入空闲态时可以在周期注册定时器超期时跳过周期注册。
在图8所示的实施例中，步骤803～步骤822为可选的步骤。
如图9所示，图9与图8和图7的区别在于：终端1在离开系统1之后，与系统1中的AMF网元1协商在离开系统1之后，在系统1中不进行周期注册，该方法包括：
步骤901、终端1通过USIM卡1采用3GPP接入在系统1中注册。
步骤902a、终端2通过USIM卡2在系统2中注册。
在步骤902a中，终端2通过USIM卡2采用non-3GPP接入或3GPP接入在系统2中注册。
该终端2在系统2中建立会话。该终端1通过系统2中会话的用户面接入系统1的N3IWF1，也就是说终端1可以通过non-3GPP接入再次注册到系统1。例如，终端1将注册请求消息通过系统2的用户面发送至N3IWF1。本申请实施例中终端1通过USIM卡1接入系统1，终端2通过USIM卡2接入系统2，终端1和终端2都是接入到各自的系统。终端2可以在系统2中建立用户面，该用户面可以接入到网络，这个网络可以是终端1对应的网络中的N3IWF1，即终端1用了这个用户面当作自己的非3GPP接入，接入到了网络。相当于终端1通过non-3GPP接入接入了网络。当然，终端1也可以不借用终端2的用户面，通过non-3GPP接入接入了网络。
步骤902b、该终端2在系统2中建立会话，该终端1通过系统2中会话的用户面接入系统1的N3IWF1网元。
通过步骤902b便可以实现终端1通过non-3GPP接入再次注册到系统1。
步骤903、终端2离开系统2。
此时终端2在系统2中的状态变为空闲态，系统1中该终端1在non-3GPP侧的状态为空闲态，即终端通过non-3GPP接入的空闲态(对于5G系统，对应的英文可以是5GMM-IDLE mode over non-3GPP access，反之连接态对应的英文可以是5GMM-CONNECTED mode over non-3GPP access)。
值得说明的是，由于终端2在系统2的用户面构成了终端1在系统1的non-3GPP接入，因此，终端2在系统2中的状态变为空闲态，则终端1在non-3GPP进入空闲态。
步骤904、终端1执行与系统1的恢复流程。
步骤905～步骤910、同上述步骤701～步骤706，区别在于：步骤905中未携带暂停周期注册指示，且步骤907，AMF网元1未向终端1提供第一时间值。
此后该终端在系统1中(也即non-3GPP侧)进入连接态，即通过non-3GPP接入的连接态，系统1中该终端在3GPP侧进入空闲态，即通过3GPP接入的空闲态(5GMM-IDLE mode over 3GPP access)。
步骤911、终端2在系统2中执行恢复流程。
步骤912、终端1通过non-3GPP接入向AMF网元1发送上行NAS消息，相应的，AMF网元1通过non-3GPP接入接收来自终端的上行NAS消息。该上行NAS消息可以是任何连接态发送的上行NAS消息，上行NAS消息中包含暂停周期注册指示。
步骤913、AMF网元1通过non-3GPP接入向终端发送下行NAS消息，相应的，终端通过3GPP接入接收来自AMF网元1的下行NAS消息。该下行NAS消息中包括允许指示信息。可选的，下行NAS消息中包含第一时间值。
值得说明的是，如果AMF网元1确定终端1由于离开系统1而在系统1中进入空闲态后要进行周期注册，则下行NAS消息用于指示终端1不允许终端1由于离开系统1而进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，或下行NAS消息不包含允许指示信息。
如果AMF网元1在步骤913中未向终端发送第一时间值，则AMF网元1在准备对终端执行 隐式去注册之前还可以执行下述步骤914。
步骤914、AMF网元1可通过non-3GPP接入向终端1发送NAS通知消息，相应的，该终端1通过non-3GPP接入接收来自AMF网元1的NAS通知消息。该NAS通知消息用于指示即将隐式去注册该终端1。
步骤915～步骤923、同步骤710～步骤718中的描述，此处不再赘述。
图9所示的实施例与图7所示的实施例的区别在于：图9中在终端1从系统1中离开之后，再与系统1中的AMF网元1协商是否允许终端1不进行周期注册。而图7所示的实施例中，终端1在准备离开系统1时，便与系统1中的AMF网元1协商是否允许终端1不进行周期注册。
在图9所示的实施例中，步骤901～步骤911以及步骤914～步骤923为可选的步骤。
如图10所示，描述本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的具体实施例，该方法与图9所示的实施例的区别在于包括：
步骤1001～步骤1006、同上述步骤701～步骤706，区别在于：步骤1001中未携带暂停周期注册指示。步骤1003中未携带第一时间值。
步骤1007a、终端1通过系统2的用户面向网元或装置(比如，寻呼服务器)发送暂停周期注册指示。
比如说，终端1通过系统2的用户面向系统1的网元或装置(比如，寻呼服务器)发送暂停周期注册。
步骤1007b、网元或装置(比如，寻呼服务器)向AMF网元1发送消息，该消息中包括暂停周期注册指示。
步骤1008a、AMF网元1向寻呼服务器发送响应消息，相应的，寻呼服务器接收来自AMF网元1的响应消息。该响应消息中包含暂停周期注册指示，所述暂停周期注册指示用于指示AMF网元1允许终端不进行周期注册。可选的，响应消息中包含第一时间值。
若AMF网元1不允许终端不进行周期注册，则响应消息中包括用于指示不允许终端不进行周期注册的指示信息，或不包含暂停周期注册指示。
步骤1008b、寻呼服务器将收到的响应消息通过系统2的用户面发送给终端1。
当终端1由于离开系统1而在系统1中处于空闲态时，核心网与终端1可以通过寻呼服务器发送信令。例如，当AMF网元1确定有下行数据需要寻呼终端1时，AMF网元1可以将寻呼内容发送给寻呼服务器，寻呼服务器通过系统2的用户面发送给终端1。
作为一种可能的实施例，如果上述步骤1008中未包括第一时间值，则如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1008之后还可以包括：
步骤1009、AMF网元1通过寻呼服务器向终端1发送通知消息，相应的，该终端1可以通过寻呼服务器接收来自AMF网元1的通知消息。该通知消息中指示即将隐式去注册该终端1。
步骤1010～步骤1018，同步骤711～步骤718中的描述，此处不再赘述。
图7～图10所示的实施例中，终端1可以为上述第一终端。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例中但凡由AMF网元执行的动作，均可以由MME执行，换言之，AMF网元可以替换为MME。
在图10所示的实施例中，步骤1001～步骤1006以及步骤1009a～步骤1018为可选的步骤。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如第一终端和第一AMF网元等为了实现上述功能，其包括了执行各个功能相应的结构 和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例第一终端和第一AMF网元进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
上面结合图5至图10，对本申请实施例的方法进行了说明，下面对本申请实施例提供的执行上述方法的通信装置进行描述。本领域技术人员可以理解，方法和装置可以相互结合和引用，本申请实施例提供的通信装置可以执行上述分析方法中由第一终端和第一AMF网元执行的步骤。
在采用集成单元的情况下，图11示出了上述实施例中所涉及的通信装置，该通信装置可以包括：通信模块1113和处理模块1112。在一种可选的实现方式中，该通信装置还可以包括存储模块1111，用于存储通信装置的程序代码和数据。
一种示例，该通信装置为第一终端，或者为应用于第一终端中的芯片。在这种情况下，通信模块1113用于支持该通信装置与外部网元(例如，AMF网元)通信。例如，通信模块1113用于执行上述方法实施例中第一终端的信号收发操作。处理模块1112用于执行上述方法实施例中第一终端的信号处理操作。
一方面，在本申请的一个实施例中，通信模块1113用于执行上述实施例的图5的步骤501中由第一终端执行的发送动作以及步骤502中由第一终端执行的接收动作。处理模块1112，用于支持该通信装置执行图5的步骤中的步骤503。
又例如，在本申请的另一个实施例中，通信模块1113用于执行上述实施例的图6a的步骤601a或步骤601b或者步骤612中由第一终端执行的发送动作，以及步骤602a、步骤602b、步骤611a中由第一终端执行的接收动作。处理模块1112，用于支持该通信装置执行图6a的步骤603、步骤604a、步骤605a以及步骤606a。
或者，在本申请的另一个实施例中，通信模块1113用于执行上述实施例的图6b的步骤601a或步骤601b或者步骤610b中由第一终端执行的发送动作，以及步骤602a以及步骤609b中由第一终端执行的接收动作。处理模块1112，用于支持该通信装置执行图6b的步骤603、步骤606b以及步骤607b。
再一种示例，该通信装置为AMF网元，或者为应用于AMF网元中的芯片。在这种情况下，通信模块1113用于支持该通信装置与外部网元(例如，第一终端)通信。例如，通信模块1113用于执行上述方法实施例中AMF网元的信号收发操作。处理模块1112用于执行上述方法实施例中AMF网元的信号处理操作。
一方面，在本申请的一个实施例中，通信模块1113用于执行上述实施例的图5的步骤501中由AMF网元执行的接收动作，以及步骤502中由AMF网元执行的发送的动作。处理模块1112，用于支持该通信装置执行上述由AMF网元执行的处理动作。
又例如，在本申请的另一个实施例中，处理模块1112用于执行上述实施例的图6a的步骤607a～ 步骤609a。通信模块1113，还用于执行上述实施例的图6a的步骤610a中由AMF网元执行的发送动作。通信模块1113，还用于执行上述实施例的图6a的步骤612中由AMF网元执行的接收的动作。
又例如，在本申请的一个实施例中，处理模块1112用于执行上述实施例的图6b的步骤604b～步骤605ba。通信模块1113，还用于执行上述实施例的图6b的步骤608b中由AMF网元执行的发送动作。通信模块1113，还用于执行上述实施例的图6b的步骤610b中由AMF网元执行的接收的动作。
其中，处理模块1112可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是中央处理器单元，通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路，现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，数字信号处理器和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发器、收发电路或通信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。
当处理模块1112为处理器1201或处理器1205，通信模块1113为通信接口1203时，存储模块1111为存储器1202时，本申请所涉及的通信装置可以为图12所示的通信设备。
图12所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。本申请实施例中的第一终端、AMF网元的结构均可以参考如图12所示的通信设备的结构示意图。该通信设备包括处理器1201，通信线路1204以及至少一个通信接口(图12中示例性的以通信接口1203为例进行说明)。
处理器1201可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路1204可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口1203，用于与其他装置进行信息交互，例如使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
可选的，该通信设备还可以包括存储器1202。
存储器1202可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1204与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器1202用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1201来控制执行。处理器1201用于执行存储器1202中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的一种通信方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1201可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图12中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备可以包括多个处理器，例如图12中的处理器1201和处理器1205。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
处理器1201和处理器1205所执行的步骤可以参考上述处理模块1112执行的步骤。通信接口1203所执行的步骤可以参考上述通信模块1113执行的步骤。
值得说明的是，当如图12所示的通信设备为第一终端时，通信接口1203可以替换为收发器。
图13是本申请实施例提供的芯片130的结构示意图。芯片130包括一个或两个以上(包括两个)处理器1310和通信接口1330。
可选的，该芯片130还包括存储器1340，存储器1340可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1310提供操作指令和数据。存储器1340的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(non-volatile random access memory，NVRAM)。
在一些实施方式中，存储器1340存储了如下的元素，执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集。
在本申请实施例中，通过调用存储器1340存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，执行相应的操作。
一种可能的实现方式中为：第一终端、AMF网元的结构类似，不同的装置可以使用不同的芯片以实现各自的功能。
处理器1310控制第一终端、AMF网元中任一个的处理操作，处理器1310还可以称为中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)。
存储器1340可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1310提供指令和数据。存储器1340的一部分还可以包括NVRAM。例如应用中存储器1340、通信接口1330以及存储器1340通过总线系统1320耦合在一起，其中总线系统1320除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图13中将各种总线都标为总线系统1320。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1310中，或者由处理器1310实现。处理器1310可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1310中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1310可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、ASIC、现成可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1340，处理器1310读取存储器1340中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
一种可能的实现方式中，通信接口1330用于执行图5～图10所示的实施例中的第一终端的接收和发送的步骤。处理器1310用于执行图5～图10所示的实施例中的第一终端的处理的步骤。
一种可能的实现方式中，通信接口1330用于执行图5～图10所示的实施例中的AMF网元的接收和发送的步骤。处理器1310用于执行图5～图10所示的实施例中的AMF网元处理的步骤。
一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图5～图10中由第一终端执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品中包括指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图5～图10中由AMF网元执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片应用于第一终端中，芯片包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器耦合，处理器用于运行指令，以实现如图5～图10中由第一终端执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片应用于第一终端中，芯片包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器耦合，处理器用于运行指令，以实现如图5～图10中由AMF网元执行的功能。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第一终端和AMF网元。其中，第一终端用于执行如图5～图10中由第一终端执行的功能，AMF网元用于执行图5～图10中由AMF网元执行的功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD)；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘(solid state drive，SSD)。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元接收来自第一终端的第一信息，所述第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，所述第一终端对应所述多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，所述第一系统为所述第一终端接入的系统；
    所述AMF网元根据所述第一信息向所述第一终端发送第一指示，所述第一指示指示允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示指示允许所述第一终端因离开所述第一系统而进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述AMF网元根据所述第一信息确定允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示，所述暂停周期注册指示用于指示所述第一终端期望在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册；
    或者，
    所述第一信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一终端将离开所述第一系统。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述AMF网元向所述第一终端发送第一时间值，所述第一时间值用于指示所述第一终端在所述第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态时，所述AMF网元跳过执行移动可达定时器的启动。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中由连接态变为空闲态时，所述AMF网元启动隐式去注册定时器，所述隐式去注册定时器的时长大于所述第一时间值。
  8. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在第一时刻，所述AMF网元启动计时器，所述计时器用于记录所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态的时长，所述第一时刻为所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中的连接状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    所述第一终端时长大于或等于第二时间值的情况下，所述AMF网元在所述第一系统中对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  9. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端在所述第一系统中处于空闲态时，所述AMF网元向接入网络发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求所述接入网络寻呼所述第一终端，以及在寻呼消息中指示所述AMF网元将对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一终端向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述AMF网元确定是否允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，所述第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，所述第一终端对应所述多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，所述第一系统为所述第一终端接入的系统；
    所述第一终端接收来自所述AMF网元的第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示指示允许所述第一终端因离开所述第一系统而进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示，所述暂停周期注册指示用于指示所述第一终端期望在所述第一系统中进入所述空闲态后不进行周期注册；或者，所述第一信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一终端将离开所述第一系统。
  13. 根据权利要求10～12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收来自所述AMF网元的第一时间值，所述第一时间值用于指示所述第一终端在所述第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在第二时刻，所述第一终端启动第三定时器以及第一定时器，所述第一定时器的值为所述第一时间值，所述第二时刻为所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    在所述第三定时器过期时，所述第一终端跳过执行周期注册的过程，但保存过期记录；
    在所述第一定时器过期时，所述第一终端在所述第一系统中执行隐式去注册。
  15. 根据权利要求10～14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在第二时刻，所述第一终端启动第三定时器，所述第二时刻为所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    在所述第三定时器过期时，所述第一终端跳过执行周期注册的过程，但保存周期注册的过期记录。
  16. 根据权利要求10～15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收来自接入网络的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于指示所述AMF网元将对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于第一系统中，所述装置包括：
    通信单元，用于接收来自第一终端的第一信息，所述第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，所述第一终端对应所述多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，所述第一系统为所述第一终端接入的系统；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一信息通过所述通信单元向所述第一终端发送第一指示，所述第一指示指示允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  18. 根据权利要求17或19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示指示允许所述第一终端因离开所述第一系统而进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  19. 根据权利要求17～18任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第一信息确定允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  20. 根据权利要求17～19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示，所述暂停周期注册指示用于指示所述第一终端期望在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册；
    或者，
    所述第一信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一终端将离开所述第一系统。
  21. 根据权利要求17～20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于向所述第一终端发送第一时间值，所述第一时间值用于指示所述第一终端在所述第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在所述第一终端在所述装置中由连接态变为空闲态时，所述处理单元，用于跳过执行移动可达定时器的启动。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在所述第一终端在所述装置中由连接态变为空闲态时，所述处理单元，还用于启动隐式去注册定时器，所述隐式去注册定时器的时长大于所述第一时间值。
  24. 根据权利要求17～20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在第一时刻，所述处理单元，还用于启动计时器，所述计时器用于记录所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态的时长，所述第一时刻为所述第一终端在所述装置中的连接状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    所述第一终端时长大于或等于第二时间值的情况下，所述处理单元，还用于在所述第一系统中对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  25. 根据权利要求17～20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一终端在所述第一系统中处于空闲态时，所述通信单元，还用于向接入网络发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求所述接入网络寻呼所述第一终端，以及在寻呼消息中指示所述装置将对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置为第一终端或者应用于第一终端中的芯片，所述装置包括：通信单元和处理单元，所述处理单元，用于处理信息，所述通信单元，用于接收或发送信息；
    所述通信单元，用于向第一系统中的接入和移动管理AMF网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述AMF网元确定是否允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册，所述第一终端所在的设备具有多个全球用户识别卡，所述第一终端对应所述多个全球用户识别卡中的第一全球用户识别卡，所述第一系统为所述第一终端接入的系统；
    所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述AMF网元的第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示允许所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括暂停周期注册指示，所述暂停周期注册指示用于指示所述第一终端期望所述第一终端在所述第一系统中进入空闲态后不进行周期注册；或者，
    所述第一信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一终端将离开所述第一系统。
  28. 根据权利要求26～27任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述AMF网元的第一时间值，所述第一时间值用于指示所述第一终端在所述第一系统中隐式去注册的第一定时器时长。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在第二时刻，所述处理单元，还用于启动第三定时器以及第一定时器，所述第一定时器的值为所述第一时间值，所述第二时刻为所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    在所述第三定时器过期时，所述处理单元，用于跳过执行周期注册的过程，但保存过期记录；
    在所述第一定时器过期时，所述处理单元，还用于在所述第一系统中执行隐式去注册。
  30. 根据权利要求26～29任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在第二时刻，所述处理单元，还用于启动第三定时器，所述第二时刻为所述第一终端在所述AMF网元中的状态从连接态变为空闲态的时刻；
    在所述第三定时器过期时，所述处理单元，用于跳过执行周期注册的过程，但保存周期注册的过期记录。
  31. 根据权利要求26～29任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自接入网络的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于指示所述AMF网元将对所述第一终端执行隐式去注册。
  32. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令被执行时，实现如权利要求1～9任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求10～16任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括：处理器，所述处理器和通信接口耦合，所述处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现如权利要求1～9任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求10～16任一项所述的方法，所述通信接口用于与所述芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
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