WO2023213204A1 - 通信方法和装置 - Google Patents

通信方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023213204A1
WO2023213204A1 PCT/CN2023/090116 CN2023090116W WO2023213204A1 WO 2023213204 A1 WO2023213204 A1 WO 2023213204A1 CN 2023090116 W CN2023090116 W CN 2023090116W WO 2023213204 A1 WO2023213204 A1 WO 2023213204A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
satellite
timer
coverage area
network device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/090116
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永翠
潘奇
倪慧
张万强
詹姆斯 温汉姆史蒂夫
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023213204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023213204A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • some satellites may have discontinuous coverage, that is, a UE connected to the satellite network may enter the non-coverage area of the satellite for part of the time and thus be unable to connect to the network.
  • UE user equipment
  • This application provides a communication method and device that can reduce resource waste in satellite discontinuous coverage scenarios.
  • the first aspect provides a communication method, which can be executed by a terminal device, or can also be executed by a component (such as a chip or circuit) of the terminal device, which is not limited.
  • a component such as a chip or circuit
  • the following description takes execution by a terminal device as an example.
  • the method includes: the terminal device receives a first timer from the network device, the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a first duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device, and the first duration is greater than or equal to the terminal device The duration of being located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; when the terminal equipment determines to leave the coverage area of the satellite, the terminal equipment activates the first timer.
  • the periodic connection establishment may be periodic registration or periodic tracking area update, that is, the first timer may be a periodic registration timer or periodic tracking area update. timer.
  • the terminal device receives a first timer from the network device for instructing to initiate periodic connection establishment, and the first duration indicated by the first timer is greater than or equal to the duration during which the terminal device is located in the satellite non-coverage area. Therefore, when the terminal device determines to leave the satellite coverage area, it can activate the first timer to prevent periodic connection establishment from being initiated in the satellite non-coverage area to save resources.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving a second timer from the network device, the second timer being used to instruct the terminal device to initiate an initiation with the network device.
  • the second duration of periodic connection establishment when the terminal device enters the idle state and the terminal device is determined to be located in the coverage area of the satellite, the terminal device activates the second timer.
  • the terminal device also receives the second timer from the network device.
  • the terminal device starts from The network side received two timers, one of which (the first timer) is used when the terminal device leaves the satellite coverage area, and the other timer (the second timer) is used when the terminal device becomes idle. state and located in the coverage area.
  • the above solution does not affect the energy-saving characteristics of the terminal equipment when it is in the coverage area, but also ensures the energy-saving characteristics when it is not in the coverage area, and can achieve the effect of saving resources.
  • the method further includes: when the terminal device leaves the coverage area of the satellite, the terminal device stops the second timer.
  • the method further includes: after the first timer expires, the terminal device sends a registration request message or a tracking area update request message to the network device.
  • the method before the terminal device activates the first timer, the method further includes: the terminal device determines that the terminal device leaves the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite. coverage.
  • the method before the terminal device receives the first timer from the network device, the method further includes: the terminal device sends first indication information to the network device,
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device supports activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and the energy-saving parameters include a periodic registration timer.
  • the second aspect provides a communication method, which can be executed by a network device, or can also be executed by a component of the network device (such as a chip or a circuit), which is not limited. For convenience of description, the following description takes execution by a network device as an example.
  • the method includes: the network device determines a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a first duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the first timer is The duration is greater than or equal to the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the network device sends the first timer to the terminal device and instructs the terminal device to activate the third timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device sends a first timer to the terminal device for instructing the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment, and the first duration indicated by the first timer is greater than or equal to the duration of the terminal device being in the satellite non-coverage area. . Therefore, the terminal device may not initiate periodic connection establishment in the non-coverage area according to the first timer to save resources.
  • the network device when the network device determines that the terminal device leaves the coverage area of the satellite, the network device activates the first timer.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device leaves the satellite coverage area, the first timer is activated. Before the first timer expires, the network device does not initiate paging to the terminal device, thereby saving resources of the network device.
  • the method further includes: the network device determining a duration during which the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite, including:
  • the network device determines the duration during which the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the network device sends the first timer to the terminal device, including: the network device sends a message to the terminal, the message includes the second timer and the A first timer, the second timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a second duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • a communication method is provided, which method can be executed by a network device, or can also be performed by a network device.
  • the components of the equipment (such as chips or circuits) are executed, and this is not limited.
  • the following description takes execution by a network device as an example.
  • the method includes: the network device determines a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a periodic connection to the network device.
  • the first duration of establishment is greater than or equal to the sum of the duration that the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the network device sends the third A timer.
  • the network device sends a first timer to the terminal device for instructing the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment, and the first duration indicated by the first timer is greater than or equal to the duration of the terminal device being in the satellite non-coverage area. and the length of time the terminal device is located in the coverage area. Therefore, when the terminal device enters the idle state, it can activate the first timer to prevent initiating periodic connection establishment for satellite non-coverage areas to save resources.
  • the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device determines The second timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a periodic connection establishment to the network device for a second duration; when the network device determines that the terminal device is located on the satellite when the second timer expires, In the case of a non-coverage area, the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method further includes: when the terminal device enters the idle state, the network device activates the first timer; when the terminal device enters the connection from the idle state state and the first timer has not expired, the network device continues to count the first timer.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite according to the satellite The coverage information and the location information of the terminal device determine the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • a communication method including: the network device determines a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area, and the first timer is used to indicate the network
  • the first duration for the device to register the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of the duration that the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; when the network device determines When the non-access layer connection of the terminal device is released, a second timer is activated.
  • the second timer is used to instruct the network device not to register the terminal device for a second period of time; when the second timer expires, case, the network device activates the first timer.
  • the second timer can also be described as: the second timer is used to indicate a second duration for monitoring whether the terminal device initiates a periodic registration update process.
  • the first timer may correspond to a deregistration timer or a detachment timer
  • the second timer may correspond to a mobile reachability timer
  • the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area, including: the network device correct Set a third timer, the third timer is used to instruct the network device to register the terminal device for a third period of time; when the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when the third timer expires In the case of , the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method further includes: the network device determining a time period during which the terminal device is in the coverage area of the satellite and a time period during which the terminal device is in a non-coverage area.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area, including: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the coverage information and the location information of the terminal device determine the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area.
  • a communication method includes: the network device determines a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area.
  • the first timer is used to indicate The network device does not register the first time period for the terminal device, and the first time period is greater than or equal to the sum of the time the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; in the When the network device determines that the non-access layer connection of the terminal device is released, it activates the first timer.
  • the above-mentioned first timer may correspond to a mobile reachability timer.
  • the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area, including: the network device Determine a second timer, which is used to instruct the network device not to register the terminal device for a second period of time; when the network device determines that the terminal device is located in a non-coverage area of the satellite when the second timer expires.
  • the network device determines the first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method further includes: the network device determining a duration during which the terminal device is in the coverage area of the satellite and a duration during which the terminal device is in a non-coverage area.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area, including: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite, including: The coverage information and the location information of the terminal device determine the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area.
  • a communication method includes: the network device determines a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the satellite non-coverage area, and the first timer is used to instruct the network device to register or not to register the terminal device.
  • the first duration of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; when it is determined that the terminal device leaves the coverage area of the satellite, the network device activates the first timer.
  • the first timer in the case where the first timer is used to instruct the network device to register the terminal device for a first duration, the first timer may correspond to a deregistration timer or a detachment timer. At this time, the first timer can also be described as: the first timer is used to instruct the network device to retain the context of the terminal device for a first duration.
  • the first timer may correspond to a mobile reachability timer.
  • the first timer can also be described as: the first timer is used to indicate the first duration of whether the monitoring terminal device initiates a periodic registration update process.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines the terminal The length of time the end device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the length of time that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location of the terminal device The information determines how long the terminal device was in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines a second duration based on configuration information and/or capability information of the terminal device, and the second duration is used to indicate not to go.
  • the above-mentioned second timer may correspond to a mobile reachable timer.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines a second timer based on configuration information and/or capability information of the terminal device, and the second timer is used to indicate The second length of time to register the terminal device; when the network device determines that the non-access layer connection of the terminal device is released, activate a third timer.
  • the third timer is used to instruct the network device not to register the terminal device. A third duration; when the third timer expires, the network device activates the second timer.
  • the second timer may correspond to a deregistration timer or a detachment timer
  • the third timer may correspond to a mobile reachability timer
  • a seventh aspect provides a communication method, which method includes: when the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, determine a third timer based on the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. , the third timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a third duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device. The third duration is greater than or equal to the duration when the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the network device sends a message to the terminal The device sends the third timer.
  • the network device when the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, the network device determines the first time based on the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. Three timers, including: when the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite and the terminal device does not support activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, the network device will The duration of the non-coverage area determines the third timer.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, wherein the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the coverage area specifically includes: the network device receives second indication information from the terminal device, and the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite based on the second indication information; or, the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite; or, the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the distance between the location and the boundary of the satellite's coverage area is less than the first threshold; or, the network device determines that the distance of the terminal device from the satellite's coverage area is less than the second threshold.
  • the method includes: the network device determines that the terminal device does not support activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device receives from Third indication information of the terminal device; the network device determines based on the third indication information that the terminal device does not support determining energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method further includes: the network device receiving a registration request message from the terminal device; the network device sending the third timer to the terminal device, including: The network device sends a registration response message to the terminal device, and the registration response message includes the third timer.
  • the network device sends the third timer to the terminal device, including: the network device sends the third timer to the terminal before the access network of the terminal device is released. The device sends the third timer.
  • the method further includes: when the network device determines that the terminal device enters the idle state, activating the third timer.
  • An eighth aspect provides a communication method, which method includes: when the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, determine a fourth timer based on the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. , the fourth timer is used to instruct the network device to register the fourth duration of the terminal device; the network device activates the mobile reachable timer when the non-access layer connection of the terminal device is released, and when the mobile reachable When the timer expires, the fourth timer is activated.
  • the network device when the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, the network device determines the first time based on the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network equipment will set the timer according to the location of the terminal equipment on the satellite. The duration of the non-coverage area determines the fourth timer.
  • the method further includes: the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, wherein the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the coverage area specifically includes: the network device receives second indication information from the terminal device, and the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite based on the second indication information; or, the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite; or, the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the distance between the location and the boundary of the satellite's coverage area is less than the first threshold; or, the network device determines that the distance of the terminal device from the satellite's coverage area is less than the second threshold.
  • the method includes: the network device determines that the terminal device does not support activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, including: the network device receives from Third indication information of the terminal device; the network device determines based on the third indication information that the terminal device does not support activating the energy saving parameter when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • a communication device in a ninth aspect, includes: a transceiver module, configured to receive a first timer from a network device.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the first duration is greater than or equal to the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the processing module is configured to activate the first timer when it is determined to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second timer from the network device, where the second timer is used to instruct the terminal device and the network device to initiate a cycle.
  • the second time duration for establishing a sexual connection; the processing module is also used to activate the second timer when entering the idle state and being located in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the device further includes: the processing module, further configured to stop the second timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the device further includes: the transceiver module, further configured to send a registration request message or a tracking area update to the network device after the first timer expires. Request message.
  • the device before the terminal device activates the first timer, the device further includes: the terminal device determines that the terminal device leaves the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite coverage.
  • a communication device in a tenth aspect, includes: a processing module, configured to determine a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to send a signal to the network.
  • the first duration for the device to initiate periodic connection establishment, the first duration is greater than or equal to the duration that the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite;
  • the transceiver module is used to send the first timer to the terminal device, and to the The terminal device is instructed to activate the first timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the processing module is further configured to activate the first timer when it is determined that the terminal device leaves the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the processing module is also used to determine the length of time the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to determine the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the transceiver module is specifically configured to send a message to the terminal, the message includes a second timer and the first timer, and the second timer is used to indicate The terminal device initiates periodic connection establishment to the network device for a second duration.
  • a communication device includes: a processing module configured to determine a first timer based on the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a first periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the first duration is greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the sum of the durations; the transceiver module is used to send the first timer to the terminal device.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to determine a second timer, the second timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment to the network device. the second duration; when it is determined that the terminal equipment is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when the second timer expires, based on the duration of the terminal equipment in the coverage area of the satellite and the time period in the non-coverage area of the satellite The length of time determines the first timer.
  • the transceiver module is also used to activate the first timer when the terminal device enters the idle state; when the terminal device enters the idle state from the In the connected state and the first timer has not expired, the first timer continues to be counted.
  • the processing module is also used to determine the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the processing block is specifically configured to determine the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device. The duration of time in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • a communication device which is used to perform any one of the methods provided in the above-mentioned first to seventh aspects.
  • the device may include units and/or modules for executing the methods provided in the first to seventh aspects, such as a processing module and/or a transceiver module (which may also become a communication module).
  • the device is a network device.
  • the communication module may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface;
  • the processing module may be a processor.
  • the device is a chip, chip system or circuit used in network equipment.
  • the communication module may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin or related circuit on the chip, chip system or circuit etc.;
  • the processing module can be Processor, processing circuit or logic circuit, etc.
  • the device is a network device or a chip, chip system or circuit in the network device.
  • the device may include units and/or modules for performing the method provided in any one of the second, third, fourth to eighth aspects, such as a processing module and/or a transceiver module.
  • the device is a terminal device.
  • the communication unit may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface;
  • the processing unit may be a processor.
  • the device is a terminal device or a chip, chip system or circuit in the terminal device.
  • the device may include units and/or modules for performing the method provided in the first aspect, such as a processing module and/or a transceiver module.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the above input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the above input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a communication device in a thirteenth aspect, includes: a memory for storing a program; a processor for executing the program stored in the memory.
  • the processor When the program stored in the memory is executed, the processor is configured to execute the first aspect. to any method provided in the eighth aspect.
  • this application provides a processor for executing the methods provided in the above aspects.
  • the process of sending the above information and obtaining/receiving the above information in the above method can be understood as the process of the processor outputting the above information, and the process of the processor receiving the input above information.
  • the processor When outputting the above information, the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver for transmission by the transceiver. After the above information is output by the processor, it may also need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver.
  • the transceiver obtains/receives the above information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above information, the above information may need to undergo other processing before being input to the processor.
  • the receiving request message mentioned in the foregoing method can be understood as the processor receiving input information.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a processor specifically designed to perform these methods, or may be a processor that executes computer instructions in a memory to perform these methods, such as a general-purpose processor.
  • the above-mentioned memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or can be separately provided on different chips.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a program code for device execution.
  • the program code includes a method for executing any one of the methods provided in the above-mentioned first to eighth aspects.
  • a sixteenth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the methods provided in the above-mentioned first to eighth aspects.
  • a chip in a seventeenth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface.
  • the processor uses the communication interface to The port reads the instructions stored in the memory and executes any one of the methods provided by the above-mentioned first to eighth aspects.
  • the chip may also include a memory, in which instructions are stored, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor is used to execute the above-mentioned first step. Any method provided by the first aspect to the eighth aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture suitable for embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture suitable for embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a discontinuous coverage scenario of a satellite.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of updating energy-saving parameters.
  • Figure 6 (a), Figure 6 (b), Figure 6 (c), Figure 6 (d) and Figure 6 (e) show schematic diagrams of five communication methods provided by embodiments of the present application. flow chart.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a scenario for activating energy-saving parameters in a non-continuous coverage area provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic flow chart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic flow chart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) or new radio (NR) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division Duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, etc.
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system.
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine type Communication (machine type communication, MTC), and Internet of Things (Internet of things, IoT) communication systems or other communication systems.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine type Communication
  • Internet of Things Internet of things, IoT
  • 5G system framework based on point-to-point interfaces and 5G based on service-based interfaces in conjunction with Figure 1 and Figure 2. system framework.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic architectural diagram of a 5G system 100 applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the 5G network architecture based on point-to-point interfaces.
  • the network architecture may include but is not limited to the following network elements (also known as functional network elements, functional entities, nodes, devices, etc.):
  • Wired wireless
  • R radio access network
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • UPF User plane function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM unified data management
  • AF AF network element
  • DN data network
  • NSSF network slice selection function
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • UDM unified data management
  • BSF BSF network element
  • UDR unified data repository
  • User equipment can be called terminal equipment (terminal equipment), terminal device, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communications equipment, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device may be a device that provides voice/data connectivity to the user, such as a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. with wireless connectivity capabilities.
  • terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver functions (such as laptops, handheld computers, etc.), mobile internet devices (MID), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical Terminals, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless Telephone, session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, computing device or connection to wireless modems and other processing equipment, automotive equipment, wearable devices equipment, terminal equipment in the 5G network or terminal equipment in the future evolved public land mobile communication network (public land mobile network, PLMN), etc.
  • MID virtual reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • wireless terminals in industrial control wireless terminals in self-driving
  • wireless terminals in remote medical Terminals wireless terminals in smart grid
  • the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an Internet of things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of things
  • Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-computer interconnection and object interconnection.
  • IoT technology can achieve massive connections, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through narrowband (NB) technology, for example.
  • NB narrowband
  • terminal equipment can also include smart printers, train detectors, etc. Its main functions include collecting data (some terminal equipment), receiving control information and downlink data from network equipment, and sending electromagnetic waves to transmit uplink data to network equipment.
  • the user equipment can be any device that can access the network. Terminal equipment and access network equipment can communicate with each other using some air interface technology.
  • the user equipment can be used to act as a base station.
  • user equipment may act as a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between user equipments in V2X or D2D, etc.
  • V2X or D2D a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between user equipments in V2X or D2D, etc.
  • cell phones and cars use sidelink signals to communicate with each other.
  • Cell phones and smart home devices communicate between each other without having to relay communication signals through base stations.
  • Radio access network (R)AN) equipment used to provide network access functions for authorized user equipment in a specific area, and can use different services according to the level of user equipment, business needs, etc. Quality transmission tunnel.
  • (R)AN can manage wireless resources, provide access services to user equipment, and then complete the forwarding of control signals and user equipment data between user equipment and the core network.
  • (R)AN can also be understood as a base station in a traditional network.
  • the access network device in the embodiment of the present application may be any communication device with wireless transceiver functions used to communicate with user equipment.
  • the access network equipment includes but is not limited to evolved Node B (eNB) or 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one of the base stations in the 5G system Or a group (including multiple antenna panels) of antenna panels, or it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DU), etc.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • 5G such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP)
  • TRP or TP transmission point
  • BBU baseband unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • gNB may include centralized units (CUs) and DUs.
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB.
  • CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer functions.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and physical (physical, PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • the access network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into access network equipment in the access network (radio access network, RAN), or the CU can be divided into access network equipment in the core network (core network, CN). This application does not Make limitations.
  • wireless access network equipment can also be called wireless satellite access network site (or wireless satellite access network equipment, wireless satellite access network), satellite access network site (or satellite access network equipment, Satellite access network) or satellite network site (or satellite network equipment, satellite network), this application implements This example does not limit this.
  • Satellite access networks can be deployed in a variety of ways. For example, the same PLMN has both a terrestrial 3GPP access network and a satellite 3GPP access network, and the two access networks have independent interfaces with the core network.
  • satellite access can also be called satellite backhaul.
  • the satellite may include all or part of the network access function, which is not limited in this application.
  • the satellite access network equipment can be understood as the equipment with partial functions of the base station on the satellite, and all relevant signaling and data processing of the access network are performed on the satellite.
  • the satellite access network equipment can be understood as equipment with partial functions of the base station on the satellite and equipment with partial functions of the base station on the ground.
  • Related signaling and data of the access network Processing occurs partly on the satellite and partly on the ground.
  • the satellite access network equipment can be understood as a base station on the ground. All relevant signaling and data processing of the access network are performed on the ground.
  • the satellite transparently transmits signaling and data between the terminal equipment and the satellite access network. .
  • UPF User plane function
  • QoS quality of service
  • the user plane network element may be a user plane function (UPF) network element.
  • UPF user plane function
  • user plane network elements can still be UPF network elements, or they can have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • Access and mobility management function (AMF) network element The access and mobility management function network element is mainly used for mobility management and access management, etc., and can be used to implement MME functions in addition to session management. Other functions, such as access authorization/authentication and other functions.
  • the access and mobility management equipment may still be an AMF, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • Session management function (SMF) network element mainly used for session management, Internet protocol (IP) address allocation and management of user equipment, selection of manageable user plane functions, policy control and charging The endpoint of the functional interface and downstream data notification, etc.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the session management network element can still be an SMF network element, or it can also have other names, which is not limited in this application.
  • PCF Policy control function
  • the policy control network element can still be a PCF network element, or it can also have other names, which is not limited in this application.
  • Application function used for data routing affected by applications, wireless access network open function network elements, interaction with the policy framework for policy control, etc.
  • application network elements can still be AF network elements, or they can have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • Unified data management (UDM) network element used to process UE identification, access authentication, registration and mobility management, etc.
  • unified data management can still be a UDM network element, or it can also have other names. This application is not limited.
  • AUSF Authentication server function
  • the authentication server functional network element can still be an AUSF network element, or it can also have other names, which is not limited in this application.
  • Network data analytics function network element: used to identify network slicing instances and load load level information of network slicing instances.
  • the network data analysis function enables NF consumers to subscribe or unsubscribe to periodic notifications and notify consumers when thresholds are exceeded.
  • network data analysis function network elements can still be NWDAF network elements, or they can have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • DN Data network
  • DN is a network located outside the operator's network.
  • the operator's network can access multiple DNs.
  • a variety of services can be deployed on the DN, which can provide data and/or voice for terminal devices. Waiting for service.
  • DN is a private network of a smart factory.
  • the sensors installed in the workshop of the smart factory can be terminal devices.
  • the control server of the sensor is deployed in the DN, and the control server can provide services for the sensor.
  • the sensor can communicate with the control server, obtain instructions from the control server, and transmit the collected sensor data to the control server according to the instructions.
  • DN is the internal office network of a company.
  • the mobile phones or computers of employees of the company can be used as terminal devices.
  • the employees' mobile phones or computers can access information and data resources on the company's internal office network.
  • Nausf, Nnef, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meaning of these interface serial numbers can be found in the meaning defined in the 3GPP standard protocol, and is not limited here.
  • network elements can communicate with each other through the interfaces shown in the figure.
  • the UE and the AMF can interact through the N1 interface, and the interaction message can be called an N1 message (N1Message), for example.
  • N1Message N1 message
  • RAN and AMF can interact through the N2 interface, which can be used for sending non-access stratum (NAS) messages.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RAN and UPF can interact through the N3 interface, which can be used to transmit user plane data, etc.
  • SMF and UPF can interact through the N4 interface.
  • the N4 interface can be used to transmit information such as tunnel identification information of the N3 connection, data cache indication information, and downlink data notification messages.
  • UPF and DN can interact through the N6 interface, which can transmit user plane data, etc.
  • the relationship between other interfaces and each network element is shown in Figure 1. For the sake of simplicity, they will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG 2 it is a schematic diagram of the 5G network architecture based on point-to-point interfaces.
  • the functions of the network elements please refer to the introduction of the functions of the corresponding network elements in Figure 1, and will not be described again.
  • the main difference between Figure 2 and Figure 1 is that the interfaces between various network elements in Figure 2 are point-to-point interfaces, not service-oriented interfaces.
  • N7 The interface between PCF and SMF, used to deliver protocol data unit (PDU) session granularity and business data flow granularity control policy.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • N15 The interface between PCF and AMF, used to deliver UE policies and access control related policies.
  • N5 The interface between AF and PCF, used for issuing application service requests and reporting network events.
  • N4 The interface between SMF and UPF, used to transfer information between the control plane and the user plane, including controlling the delivery of forwarding rules for the user plane, QoS control rules, traffic statistics rules, etc., and reporting of user plane information. .
  • N11 The interface between SMF and AMF, used to transmit PDU session tunnel information between RAN and UPF information, transfer control messages sent to UE, transfer radio resource control information sent to RAN, etc.
  • N2 The interface between AMF and RAN, used to transmit wireless bearer control information from the core network side to the RAN.
  • N1 The interface between AMF and UE, independent of access, is used to deliver QoS control rules to UE, etc.
  • N8 The interface between AMF and UDM, used for AMF to obtain access and mobility management-related subscription data and authentication data from UDM, and for AMF to register UE's current mobility management-related information with UDM.
  • N10 The interface between SMF and UDM, used for SMF to obtain session management-related subscription data from UDM, and for SMF to register UE current session-related information with UDM.
  • N35 The interface between UDM and UDR, used by UDM to obtain user subscription data information from UDR.
  • N36 The interface between PCF and UDR, used for PCF to obtain policy-related contract data and application data-related information from UDR.
  • N12 The interface between AMF and AUSF, used for AMF to initiate the authentication process to AUSF, which can carry SUCI as the contract identification;
  • N13 The interface between UDM and AUSF, used by AUSF to obtain the user authentication vector from UDM to perform the authentication process.
  • the above network elements or functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • a platform for example, a cloud platform.
  • the network device is the access and mobility management network element AMF
  • the base station is the wireless access network RAN as an example.
  • Computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, etc.), optical disks (eg, compact discs (CD), digital versatile discs (DVD)) etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (e.g. erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.).
  • magnetic storage devices eg, hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, etc.
  • optical disks eg, compact discs (CD), digital versatile discs (DVD)
  • smart cards and flash memory devices e.g. erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.
  • various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • Satellite communication technology refers to the technology in which wireless communication devices on the ground access the network through satellites, or the technology in which wireless communication devices on the ground communicate through satellites as relays. Compared with traditional mobile communication systems, satellite communications have wider coverage and can overcome natural geographical obstacles such as oceans, deserts, and mountains.
  • satellite communication and 5G communication system (the 5th-generation mobile communications system, 5GS) can be integrated.
  • 5G communication system the 5th-generation mobile communications system, 5GS
  • the integration of satellite communications and 5GS can be divided into two scenarios.
  • the first scenario is: the satellite is accessed as 3GPP, and the UE accesses 5GS through the satellite;
  • the second scenario is: the satellite link is used as the backhaul link, and the RAN Communicates with the 5G core network (5G core, 5GC) through the backhaul link (for example, the backhaul link provides bearer for N3 or N9).
  • 5G core network 5G core, 5GC
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a scenario where satellite communications and 5GS are integrated, in which the satellite acts as a transparent mode and only forwards signals.
  • satellite serves as 5G access
  • UE is connected to 5GC through satellite access.
  • 5GC can include core network elements such as AMF, SMF, and UPF as shown in Figure 1.
  • AMF Access Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • satellites can also be in regeneration mode to provide signal processing functions.
  • satellites serve as base stations to provide wireless access services for UEs.
  • satellites may have different coverage areas, motion characteristics, propagation delays, jitter, etc. due to different orbital heights.
  • satellites can be divided into geosynchronous satellites (geostationary equatorial orbit, GEO), low orbit satellites (low earth orbit, LEO) polar orbit constellations, medium orbit satellites (mid earth orbit, MEO) and other satellites ( Other SAT) etc.
  • Ephemeris information refers to some information related to satellite constellations, mainly including orbital plane parameters (Orbital plane parameters) and satellite level parameters (Satellite level parametersst).
  • Some satellites will have discontinuous coverage, that is, the coverage area of the satellite is not continuous, or in other words, the satellite has coverage areas and non-coverage areas.
  • the coverage area here refers to what the satellite network (or signal) can cover.
  • Area, non-coverage area refers to the area that cannot be covered by the satellite network.
  • the hexagonal area in the diagram is the coverage area of the satellite, and the area outside the hexagon in the diagram is the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the UE connected to the satellite will switch between the coverage area and the non-coverage area. For example, if the UE is fixed at position 4 and the satellite moves from position 1 to position 2, the UE will enter the non-coverage area from the coverage area; for another example, the UE moves from position 4 to position 3, causing the UE to enter the non-coverage area from the coverage area. coverage area. It can be understood that the movement of both the UE and the satellite may cause the UE to move between the coverage area and the non-coverage area. Area switching.
  • the time period during which the UE is located in the coverage area represents the time period from the current moment to when the UE leaves the coverage area, that is, the time period during which the UE can still be covered, or the period from the current moment until the UE enters the non-coverage area, that is, the time period during which the UE can still be covered. How long to leave the coverage area.
  • the duration of the UE being in the non-coverage area represents the duration from the time the UE enters the non-coverage area to the time it leaves the non-coverage area, or the duration from the time the UE leaves the coverage area to the next time it re-enters the coverage area.
  • Energy-saving parameters usually include periodic registration timer (periodic registration timer) and activation time (active time).
  • the periodic registration timer is used to indicate the length of time for the UE to initiate periodic registration. After the UE activates the periodic registration timer, after the Periodic registration will not be initiated within the period indicated by the periodic registration timer; after the periodic registration timer expires, the UE actively initiates the periodic registration process to ensure the connection with the network side, so that the downlink data cached on the network side can be received in a timely manner Reaching the UE; the activation time is used to indicate the length of time the UE can be paged, that is, the UE can be paged by the network within the activation time after entering the idle state.
  • the UE can be paged within the duration indicated by the activation time (that is, before the activation time expires).
  • the network side can after the UE enters the idle state. The UE is paged within this time. Specifically, after the network side activates the activation time, the UE can be paged within the duration indicated by the activation time.
  • periodic tracking area update timer (periodic tracking area update timer).
  • the above energy-saving parameters may also include extended discontinuous reception (extended discontinuous reception, eDRX).
  • extended discontinuous reception extended discontinuous reception, eDRX
  • This application only takes the periodic registration timer and activation time as an example for explanation.
  • this application also describes mobility management parameters, such as deregistration/detachment timer and mobility reachability timer.
  • the mobile reachability timer is used to monitor whether the UE initiates a periodic registration update process.
  • the mobility reachable timer starts when the UE's NAS signaling connection (i.e., the signaling connection between the UE and the AMF) is released, and stops when the NAS signaling connection is established; if the UE returns after the mobility reachable timer times out, If the periodic registration update process is not initiated, the deregistration/detachment timer is started.
  • the network device When the de-registration/de-attachment timer expires, that is, after the timeout, the network device considers that the UE has completely lost contact and there is no need to continue to retain its context information. It initiates an implicit de-registration/de-attachment process and deletes the UE context to release resources, such as AMF. The certificate of the UE and the identity of the UE saved on it). In this way, the UE needs to re-initiate the registration/attachment process when it accesses the network next time.
  • the UE or the network side can use the AN process to release the connected state (RRC_CONNECTED).
  • RRC_CONNECTED the connected state
  • the UE sends an RRC message to the RAN.
  • the UE may send an RRC message to the RAN to request the release of the RRC connection.
  • RAN triggers the AN release process based on satellite coverage information.
  • the RAN may trigger the AN release procedure (AN release procedure), causing the UE to enter the IDLE state before entering the non-coverage area.
  • AN release procedure AN release procedure
  • the RAN sends a UE context release request message to the AMF.
  • the RAN sends a UE Context Release Request message (UE Context Release Request message) to the AMF to request the release of the UE's context.
  • UE Context Release Request message UE Context Release Request message
  • AMF triggers the AN release process based on satellite coverage information.
  • the AMF can trigger the AN release process before the UE enters the non-coverage area.
  • the UE is entering the IDLE state.
  • AMF determines energy saving parameters.
  • the AMF determines power saving parameters for the UE based on discontinuous coverage information, where the AMF can determine the power saving parameters for the UE based on the satellite assistance information of the RAN (such as satellite id, satellite ephemeris, etc. ) to obtain coverage information.
  • Energy saving parameters may include periodic registration timers and activation times.
  • the AMF sends energy saving parameters to the UE.
  • AMF can send energy-saving parameters to the UE through the UE configuration update (UE configuration update, UCU) process.
  • UE configuration update UE configuration update, UCU
  • the SMF sends a UE Context Release Command (UE Context Release Command) to the RAN.
  • UE Context Release Command UE Context Release Command
  • S508 RAN and UE execute the AN connection release process.
  • the RAN requests the UE to release the AN connection. After receiving the AN connection release confirmation from the UE, the RAN deletes the UE's context.
  • RAN sends a UE Context Release Complete message to the AMF.
  • AMF sends a UE Context Release Complete message to SMF.
  • for indicating can be understood as “enabling”, and “enabling” can include direct enabling and indirect enabling.
  • enabling can include direct enabling and indirect enabling.
  • the information enabled by the information is called to-be-enabled information.
  • the to-be-enabled information can be directly enabled, such as to-be-enabled information.
  • the enabling information itself or the index of the information to be enabled, etc.
  • the information to be enabled can also be indirectly enabled by enabling other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the information to be enabled. It is also possible to enable only a part of the information to be enabled, while other parts of the information to be enabled are known or agreed in advance.
  • the enabling of specific information can also be achieved by means of a pre-agreed (for example, protocol stipulated) arrangement order of each piece of information, thereby reducing the enabling overhead to a certain extent.
  • the common parts of each information can also be identified and enabled uniformly to reduce the enabling overhead caused by enabling the same information individually.
  • preconfigured may include predefined, for example, protocol definitions.
  • pre-definition can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (for example, including each network element). This application does not limit its specific implementation method.
  • the “save” involved in the embodiments of this application may refer to saving in one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories may be provided separately, or may be integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device.
  • the one or more memories may also be partially provided separately and partially integrated in the decoder, processor, or communication device.
  • the type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application is not limited thereto.
  • the "protocol” involved in the embodiments of this application may refer to standard protocols in the communication field, which may include, for example, 5G protocols, new radio (NR) protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems. There are no restrictions on this application.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary flowchart of the method 600 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 600 is exemplarily described below in conjunction with each step in (a) of FIG. 6 .
  • the network device determines timer #1 based on the length of time the terminal device is in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the location information of the terminal equipment includes information about the current location of the terminal equipment; for terminal equipment that moves within a limited area, or for terminals with known motion trajectories equipment, or for terminal equipment with predictable movement trajectories, the location information of the terminal equipment includes information about the current location of the terminal equipment and movement characteristic parameters of the terminal equipment (such as the terminal equipment's movement speed, movement direction, movement trajectory, etc.) .
  • the network device can also obtain the motion characteristic parameters of the terminal device from the network data analysis function network element.
  • the network device determines how long the terminal device has been in the coverage area of the satellite, it determines timer #1 based on this time length.
  • the timer #1 is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment time #1 to the network device.
  • This time length #1 is greater than or equal to the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the periodic connection establishment here may refer to periodic registration or periodic tracking area update; the network device here may refer to the mobility management function network element or the mobility management entity.
  • S601 can also be: the network device determines timer #1 according to the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the constellation. At this time, the network device can determine timer #1 based on the length of time the terminal device is in the coverage area of the constellation.
  • timer #1 in the embodiment of the present application can also be other types of timers.
  • timer #1 is a timer used to indicate the length of time for the network device to initiate paging to the terminal device. This application is not limited.
  • the terminal device may send first indication information to the network device, and the network device may determine the timer #1 based on the first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device supports leaving
  • activate energy-saving parameters which include periodic registration timers.
  • this section Energy parameters can also include any other information used for energy saving, such as activation time. It can be understood that timer #1 in the embodiment of the present application is an energy-saving parameter.
  • the first indication information can also be described as: the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to support When leaving the coverage area of the satellite, activate timer #1; or, the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to support activating the periodic registration timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device may determine that the terminal device supports energy-saving parameters based on the first indication information, and then the network device determines one or more energy-saving parameters for the terminal device (for example, timer #1 in the embodiment of this application).
  • the terminal device may send the first instruction information to the network device during the initial registration process, or may send the first instruction information to the network device during other processes, which is not limited in this application.
  • S602 The network device sends timer #1 to the terminal device.
  • the network device determines the timer #1, it sends the timer #1 to the terminal device, and instructs the terminal device to activate the timer #1 when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device may also send timer #2 to the terminal device, where the timer #2 is used to indicate the duration #2 for the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the network device determines timer #2 based on the configuration information and/or the capability information of the terminal device, then sends the timer #2 to the terminal device, and instructs the terminal device to activate when the satellite coverage area enters the idle state. Timer #2.
  • the network device can send timer #1 and timer #2 to the terminal device in the same message, or can also send timer #1 and timer #2 to the terminal device in different messages. This application Not limited.
  • the network device may instruct the terminal device through explicit information elements to activate timer #1 when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and to activate the timer when the satellite coverage area enters the idle state.
  • #2 For example, when the network device sends timer #1 to the terminal device, it carries an indication information #1 associated with the timer #1, and when it sends timer #2 to the terminal device, it carries an indication associated with the timer #2.
  • Information #2 wherein the instruction information #1 is used to instruct the terminal device to activate the timer #1 when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and the instruction information #2 is used to instruct the terminal device to activate the timer #1 in the satellite coverage area. Activate timer #2 when entering idle state.
  • the network device may also instruct the terminal device in an implicit manner to activate timer #1 when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and to activate timer #2 when the satellite coverage area enters an idle state.
  • the network device sends timer #1 and timer #2 to the terminal device in sequence, and implicitly indicates that the timer sent first is used when leaving the satellite coverage area, and the timer sent later is used to enter the idle state in the coverage area. when used.
  • the network device carries timer #1 and timer #2 in the same message, and implicitly indicates that the timers carried in the first few fields of the message are used when leaving the satellite coverage area. The timers in the last few fields are used when the coverage area enters the idle state.
  • the terminal device may determine whether it is located in a satellite coverage area according to the ephemeris information of the satellite. When the terminal device determines to leave the satellite coverage area, timer #1 is activated.
  • the terminal device activates timer #2 after determining that it has entered the idle state and is in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the terminal device stops timer #2, or in other words, the terminal device deletes timer #2. That is to say, when the terminal device leaves the coverage area and enters the non-coverage area, the terminal device activates timer #1. If timer #2 has not expired at this time, timer #2 is stopped (or deleted).
  • the network device may determine whether the terminal device has left the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device, or whether the terminal device has entered the non-coverage area of the satellite. In the event that the terminal device is determined to have left the satellite coverage area, timer #1 is activated.
  • timer #2 is activated when the terminal device enters the idle state and is in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device stops timer #2, or in other words, the network device deletes timer #2.
  • the terminal device can send a registration request message to the network device when it is about to leave the satellite coverage area. It is understood that this solution can be executed after S601-S604 or in other processes. For example, the terminal device may initiate an initial registration process to the network device when it is determined that activating the energy-saving parameter when leaving the coverage area of the satellite is not supported.
  • the terminal device can determine whether the terminal device is about to leave the coverage of the satellite based on the location information of the terminal device and the ephemeris information of the satellite. For example, when the terminal device determines that the distance between the terminal device's position and the boundary of the satellite's coverage area is less than the first threshold value, the terminal device determines that it is about to leave the satellite's coverage area; for another example, when the terminal device determines that the terminal When the time before the device leaves the coverage of the satellite is less than the second threshold, the terminal device determines that it is about to leave the coverage of the satellite.
  • the terminal device may also carry second indication information in the registration request message, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage of the satellite.
  • the registration request message may be a new type of registration request message, that is, the registration request message may correspond to a new type of registration process.
  • the network device may determine a third timer based on the coverage information of the satellite when it is determined that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite, where the third timer is used for Instruct the terminal device to initiate a third duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the third duration is greater than or equal to the duration of the terminal device being located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device may determine whether the terminal device is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite based on the second indication information sent by the terminal device, or based on the location information of the terminal device and the coverage information of the satellite.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the satellite's coverage area; for another example, when the network device determines When the time before the terminal device leaves the coverage of the satellite is less than the second threshold, the network device determines that the terminal device is about to leave the coverage of the satellite. Further, the network device sends a registration acceptance message to the terminal device, and the registration acceptance message carries the third timer. The terminal device receives the registration acceptance message from the network device and obtains the third timer from the registration acceptance message. When the terminal device enters the idle state, the third timer is activated.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device enters the idle state, it activates the third timer.
  • the network device sends timer #1 to the terminal device to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment, and the time length #1 indicated by the timer #1 is greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the satellite non-coverage area. . Therefore, when the terminal device determines to leave the satellite coverage area, it can activate the timer #1 to prevent periodic connection establishment from being initiated in the satellite non-coverage area to save resources.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of the method 610 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 610 is exemplarily described below in conjunction with each step in (b) of FIG. 6 .
  • the network device determines timer #3 based on the time the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the time it is in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • timer #3 is determined based on these two durations. This timer #3 is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment to the network device for a period of time #3.
  • the time period #3 is greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the time the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite. The sum of durations.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #4 expires.
  • the network device may also determine timer #4, which is used to indicate the duration #4 of the terminal device initiating periodic connection establishment to the network device. For example, the network device determines timer #4 based on the configuration information and/or the capability information of the terminal device, etc., and then determines whether the terminal device is located when timer #4 expires based on the satellite coverage information and the location information of the terminal device. Satellite non-coverage area. In the case where the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #4 expires, the network device executes S611. In other words, in the case where the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite when timer #4 expires, the network device may not be sure of timer #3 and instead send timer #4 to the terminal device.
  • S613 The network device sends timer #3 to the terminal device.
  • the network device determines timer #3, it sends the timer #3 to the terminal device.
  • the network device may also instruct the terminal device to activate the timer #3 when entering the idle state.
  • S614b when the network device determines that the terminal device enters the idle state, activate timer #3.
  • the network device sends timer #3 to the terminal device to instruct the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment, and the time length #3 indicated by the timer #3 is greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the satellite non-coverage area. and the length of time the terminal device is located in the coverage area. Therefore, when the terminal device enters the idle state, it can activate the timer #3 to prevent initiating periodic connection establishment for satellite non-coverage areas to save resources.
  • FIG. 6 provides a schematic block diagram of the method 620 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 600 is illustrated below with reference to (c) of FIG. 6 .
  • the network device determines timer #5 based on the time the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the time it is in the coverage area.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the satellite's coverage area and the duration of the non-coverage area based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device. After the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the satellite coverage area and the non-coverage area, it determines the timer #5 based on the duration.
  • the timer #5 is used to instruct the network device to register the terminal device for duration #5, or in other words, Used to instruct the network device to save the context of the end device for how long #5.
  • the network device maintains the context of the terminal device for the duration #5 indicated by timer #5. This duration #5 is greater than or equal to the sum of the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the duration that it is located in the coverage area.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #6 expires.
  • the network device before S621, the network device also determines timer #6, which is used to instruct the network device to register the terminal device for a duration of time #6. For example, the network device determines based on the configuration information and/or the capability information of the terminal device, etc. Timer #6 is set, and then based on the satellite coverage information and the location information of the terminal device, it is determined whether the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #6 expires. In the case where the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #6 expires, the network device executes S621. In other words, in the event that the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite when timer #6 expires, the network device may not be sure about timer #5, but only determine timer #6.
  • the network device activates the mobile reachability timer.
  • the network device activates timer #5. That is to say, after the mobile reachability timer expires (or times out), the terminal device can be considered to be out of network coverage, but in this case, the network device usually does not immediately implicitly register the user's terminal. device, start timer #5 instead.
  • the network device does not page the terminal device, or the network device rejects paging initiated by other network elements on the network side to the terminal device. If the terminal device has not yet connected to the network when timer #5 expires, the network device implicitly registers the terminal device.
  • the network device determines the timer #5 based on the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite, and makes the time length #5 corresponding to the timer #5 greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the terminal device.
  • the duration of being in the coverage area can prevent the network device from registering/detaching the terminal device when it is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. This prevents the terminal device from being de-registered due to discontinuous network coverage and causing the terminal device to re-send the registration process when there is network coverage, thus requiring the terminal device to be authenticated, authorized, and the context of the terminal device established again.
  • the solution of this application is Resource savings can be achieved.
  • FIG. 6 provides a schematic block diagram of the method 630 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 630 is illustrated below in conjunction with (d) of FIG. 6 .
  • the network device determines timer #7 based on the time the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the time it is in the coverage area.
  • the network device determines the duration during which the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the duration in which it is located in the non-coverage area based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the satellite coverage area and the duration in the non-coverage area, it determines timer #7 based on the duration.
  • This timer #7 is used to instruct the network device not to register the terminal device for duration #7.
  • This duration #7 is greater than or equal to the sum of the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the duration that it is located in the coverage area.
  • the function of timer #7 can also be described as being used to monitor whether the terminal device initiates a periodic registration update process.
  • the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #8 expires.
  • the network device before S631, the network device also determines a timer #8, which is used to instruct the network device to register the terminal device for a duration of time #8. For example, the network device determines timer #8 based on configuration information and/or capability information of the terminal device, etc., and then determines whether the terminal device is located when timer #8 expires based on the satellite coverage information and the location information of the terminal device. Satellite non-coverage area. In the case where the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite when timer #8 expires, the network device executes S631. In other words, in the case where the network device determines that the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite when timer #8 expires, the network device may not be sure about timer #7, but only determine timer #8.
  • the network device activates timer #7.
  • the network device retains the context of the end device until timer #7 expires.
  • the network device determines timer #7, and the time length #7 indicated by timer #7 is greater than or equal to the sum of the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite and the time the terminal device is located in the coverage area, thus preventing the terminal
  • the terminal device cannot initiate the periodic registration/tracking area update process, causing the network device to think that the terminal device has left the network coverage and starts the deregistration/deattachment timer, and starts the deregistration/deattachment timer.
  • the timer expires or times out, register/attach the terminal device.
  • FIG. 6 provides a schematic flow chart of the method 640 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 640 is illustrated below in conjunction with (e) of FIG. 6 .
  • the network device determines timer #9 based on the length of time the terminal device is in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the network device determines the duration of the terminal device in the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the network device After the network device determines how long the terminal device has been in the coverage area of the satellite, it determines timer #9 based on the time duration. This timer #9 is used when the terminal device is located in a non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device here may refer to a mobility management function network element or a mobility management entity.
  • the timer #9 instructs the network device to register the terminal device for a duration of #9, or in other words, instructs the network device to save the context of the terminal device for a duration of #9. That is, the timer #9 may correspond to the deregistration timer.
  • the time period #9 is greater than or equal to the time period during which the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area.
  • the timer #9 indicates the length of time for which the network device does not register the terminal device, or the timer #9 is used to indicate whether the monitoring terminal device initiates periodic registration. Duration of update process #9. That is, the timer #9 may correspond to the mobile reachable timer.
  • the network device also determines timer #10. For example, the network device determines timer #10 based on configuration information and/or capability information of the terminal device. This timer #10 is used when the terminal device is located in the coverage area,
  • the network device may determine whether the terminal device has left the coverage area of the satellite based on the coverage information of the satellite and the location information of the terminal device, or whether the terminal device has entered the non-coverage area of the satellite. In the event that the terminal device is determined to have left the satellite coverage area, timer #9 is activated.
  • the network device can activate timer #10 according to a mechanism set by itself. For example, when timer #10 is a deregistration timer, when the network device determines that the mobile reachability timer expires, if the terminal device is located in the coverage area, the network device activates timer #10; for another example, in the timing In the case where Timer #10 is a mobile reachable timer, the network device activates Timer #10 when it determines that the non-access layer signaling of the terminal device is released and the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the network device determines the timer #9 based on the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite, and the time period #1 indicated by the timer #1 is greater than or equal to the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. Therefore it is possible Prevent network equipment from registering/deattaching the terminal device when it is located in a satellite non-coverage area. This can prevent the terminal device from being de-registered due to discontinuous network coverage, causing the terminal device to re-send the registration process when there is network coverage, thus requiring the terminal device to be authenticated, authorized, and the context of the terminal device established again.
  • the purpose of this application The solution can achieve resource savings.
  • Figure 7 shows an exemplary flowchart of the method 700 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the AMF provides the UE with energy-saving parameter #1 for use when the UE is in a non-coverage area, which can not only realize the energy-saving characteristics of the UE in the non-coverage area, but also avoid the need to update the energy-saving parameters for the UE multiple times.
  • the method 700 is illustratively described below with reference to each step in FIG. 7 .
  • the UE sends a registration request (Registration request) message to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives the registration request message from the UE.
  • the UE sends a registration request message to the AMF through the RAN to trigger the registration procedure (Registration procedure).
  • registration procedure Registration procedure
  • method 600 is explained by applying the method provided by this application to a 5G communication system as an example, but it should be understood that the method provided by this application can also be applied to other communication systems, such as 4G communication systems or future 6G communication systems.
  • the AMF in method 600 can be replaced by MME.
  • the registration process in method 600 can be replaced by an attachment procedure (Attach procedure), or a tracking area update (TAU).
  • S701 can be replaced by: the UE sends an Attach Request message to the MME through the RAN to trigger the attachment process.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #1 based on satellite coverage information and the location information of the UE.
  • the AMF determines the duration during which the UE is located in the non-coverage area based on the satellite coverage information and the UE's location information, and then the AMF determines the energy saving parameter #1 based on the duration, where the energy saving parameter #1 includes the periodic registration timer #1, The duration corresponding to the periodic registration timer #1 is greater than or equal to the duration of the UE in the non-coverage area, and the energy-saving parameter #1 is used when the UE is in the non-coverage area. Therefore, S702 can also be described as: the AMF determines the energy saving parameter #1 according to the length of time the UE is located in the non-coverage area. It can also be described as: AMF determines energy saving parameters based on the discontinuous coverage information of the UE.
  • AMF can determine one or more of the following information:
  • the corresponding duration of periodic timer #1 is greater than or equal to 10 hours.
  • the corresponding duration of the mobility reachable timer is greater than or equal to 10 hours.
  • the corresponding duration of the de-registration/de-attachment timer is greater than or equal to 10 hours.
  • 3) and 4) are mobility management parameters #1.
  • the location information of the UE includes information about the current location of the UE (UE location); for a UE that moves within a limited area, or a UE with a known motion trajectory, Or for a UE with a predictable motion trajectory, the location information of the UE includes information about the current location of the UE and motion characteristic parameters of the UE (such as the UE's movement speed, movement direction, movement trajectory, etc.).
  • AMF can also obtain the motion characteristic parameters of the terminal device from the network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element.
  • NWDAAF network data analytics function
  • the AMF can determine the satellite coverage information based on the ephemeris information and the location information of the UE. because This step S702 can also be described as: the AMF determines the energy saving parameter #1 based on the ephemeris information and the location information of the UE.
  • the periodic registration timer in the embodiment of the present application can also be replaced by a periodic tracking area update timer (pTAU timer), and similar descriptions will not be repeated later.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #2 according to configuration information and/or UE capability information.
  • the AMF can also determine energy saving parameter #2.
  • the energy saving parameter #2 includes activation time and/or periodic registration timer #2, and the energy saving parameter #2 is used when the UE is in the coverage area and enters the IDLE state.
  • the AMF can also determine mobility management parameter #2.
  • the AMF uses mobility management parameter #2.
  • the AMF sends a Registration Accept message to the UE.
  • the Registration Accept message includes energy saving parameter #1 and, optionally, energy saving parameter #2.
  • the UE receives the registration accept message from the AMF.
  • the embodiment of this application takes the AMF as an example to determine the energy saving parameter #1 and the energy saving parameter #2 during the registration process and provide the energy saving parameter #1 and the energy saving parameter #2 to the UE.
  • the AMF can also be used in other situations.
  • Energy-saving parameter #1 and energy-saving parameter #2 are determined during the process (or at other times).
  • AMF can determine energy-saving parameter #1 and energy-saving parameter #2 in the UCU process, which is not limited by this application.
  • AMF can also determine energy-saving parameter #1 and energy-saving parameter #2 in different processes (or timings). For example, AMF determines energy-saving parameter #1 in the registration process and energy-saving parameter #2 in the UCU process. This application Not limited.
  • the registration acceptance message does not need to contain the above mobility management parameters.
  • S705a when the UE enters the IDLE state and is located in the coverage area, the UE activates energy saving parameter #2.
  • the UE receives the energy saving parameter #2 from the AMF
  • the UE activates the energy saving parameter #2, for example, the UE activates the periodic registration timer #2, And after the periodic registration timer #2 expires, the periodic registration process is initiated.
  • the AMF activates energy saving parameter #2.
  • the AMF sends the energy saving parameter #2 to the UE
  • the AMF activates the energy saving parameter #2
  • the AMF activates the activation time, and the activation time expires.
  • AMF could page the UE.
  • the UE when the UE leaves the coverage area, or in other words, when the UE enters the non-coverage area, the UE activates the energy saving parameter #1, for example, the UE activates the periodic registration timer #1, and the periodic registration timer After #1 expires, initiate the periodic registration process.
  • the energy-saving parameter #2 is still activated when entering the non-coverage area, or the activation time corresponding to the energy-saving parameter #2 or the periodic registration timer #2 has not expired, the UE stops the energy-saving parameter The timer corresponding to #2.
  • the UE stops the timer corresponding to the energy saving parameter #2 which can also be described as the UE deleting the timer corresponding to the energy saving parameter #2.
  • the UE can determine when it leaves the satellite coverage area based on the ephemeris information of the satellite, and the specific method is not limited in this application.
  • the UE when the UE enters the non-coverage area, the UE activates the energy saving parameter #1, such as the UE activation time. At this time, the activation time is 0.
  • the UE can also leave the non-coverage area, or the UE can re-enter the coverage area.
  • the periodic registration process is initiated. That is to say, when the UE leaves the non-coverage area, if the timer corresponding to the energy saving parameter #1 (such as periodic registration timer #1) has not expired, the UE can stop the timer and initiate a periodic registration process.
  • the energy saving parameter #1 such as periodic registration timer #1
  • the AMF determines that the UE leaves the coverage area according to the satellite coverage information, it activates the energy saving parameter #1. For example, the AMF determines the time when the UE leaves the coverage area based on the satellite coverage information, or in other words, determines the time when the UE enters the non-coverage area, and activates energy saving parameter #1 at this time. For example, when the AMF determines that the UE enters the non-coverage area, it activates the periodic registration timer #1.
  • the AMF determines that the UE leaves the coverage area
  • the AMF activates the mobility management parameter #1.
  • AMF can provide two sets of energy-saving parameters to the terminal equipment, one set of energy-saving parameters (Energy-saving Parameter #2) is used when the UE is in the idle state and is located in the coverage area, and the other set of energy-saving parameters (Energy-saving Parameters #1) Used when the UE leaves the coverage area.
  • Energy-saving Parameter #2 the set of energy-saving parameters
  • Energy-saving Parameters #1 Used when the UE leaves the coverage area.
  • the AMF can determine two sets of mobility management parameters, one set of mobility management parameters (mobility management parameter #2) is used when the UE is located in the coverage area, and the other set of mobility management parameters (Mobility Management Parameter #1) is used when the UE leaves the coverage area.
  • mobility management parameter #2 mobility management parameters
  • Mobility Management Parameter #1 mobility management Parameter
  • Figure 8 shows an exemplary flow chart of the method 800 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the AMF can ensure that the UE is located in the coverage area when the energy-saving parameters expire by reasonably setting the energy-saving parameters, thus ensuring the energy-saving characteristics of the UE in the non-coverage area.
  • the method 800 is illustratively described below with reference to each step in FIG. 8 .
  • S801 determines to trigger the AN release process.
  • S801 is an optional step.
  • S801 can be replaced by the AMF receiving the registration request message from the UE, that is, the AMF can perform the subsequent solution of the embodiment of the present application in the registration process triggered by the UE (such as the periodic registration process or the initial registration process).
  • AMF may also perform subsequent operations at other times or processes, which is not limited by this application.
  • AMF determines energy saving parameter #2 based on configuration information and/or UE capability information.
  • the energy saving parameter #2 includes activation time and/or periodic registration timer #2.
  • the energy saving parameter #2 is used when the UE enters the IDLE state. when used.
  • S802 is similar to S703 in method 700 and will not be described again here.
  • S803 The AMF determines whether the UE is in the coverage area when the timer in energy saving parameter #2 expires.
  • the AMF determines whether it is in the coverage area when the timer in mobility management parameter #2 expires.
  • the AMF determines the length of time that the UE is in the coverage area, or that is, the length of time that the UE is about to leave the coverage area, or the length of time that the UE is before entering the non-coverage area based on the satellite coverage information and the UE's location information.
  • the location information of the UE includes the current location of the UE (UE location) information; for a UE moving within a limited area, or for a UE with a known movement trajectory, or for a UE with a predictable movement trajectory, the location information of the UE includes information on the current location of the UE and the movement characteristics of the UE. Parameters (such as the UE's moving speed, moving direction, movement trajectory, etc.) determine the length of time the UE is located in the coverage area.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is in the coverage area for 20 minutes, which means that the UE can be covered by the satellite for 20 minutes, or that the UE has 20 minutes left to leave the coverage area, or that the UE has 20 minutes to enter. Non-covered area.
  • the AMF determines whether the UE is in the coverage area when the timer in energy saving parameter #2 expires, or in other words, the AMF determines whether the time corresponding to the timer in energy saving parameter #2 is included in the time when the UE is in the coverage area.
  • the activation time and periodic registration timer #2 in energy-saving parameter #2 correspond to 5min and 10min respectively, and the UE is in the coverage area for 20min. Since 5min and 10min are both less than 20min, AMF determines that the UE is in energy-saving mode. The timer in parameter #2 expires when the timer is in the coverage area.
  • the activation time and periodic registration timer #2 in energy saving parameter #2 correspond to 10min and 30min respectively, and the UE is in the coverage area for 20min. Since 30min is greater than 20min, AMF determines that the UE is in the energy saving parameter #2. The timer in 2 is not located in the coverage area (or is in the non-coverage area) when it expires.
  • the corresponding times of the mobility reachable timer and deregistration/deattachment timer in mobility management parameter #2 are 5min and 10min respectively, and the time the UE is in the coverage area is 20min. Since 5min and 10min are both less than 20min , so the AMF determines that the UE is in the coverage area when the timer in mobility management parameter #2 expires.
  • the corresponding times of the mobility reachable timer and the deregistration/deattachment timer in mobility management parameter #2 are 10min and 30min respectively, and the time the UE is in the coverage area is 20min. Since 30min is greater than 20min, the AMF It is determined that the UE is not located in the coverage area (or is located in the non-coverage area) when the timer in mobility management parameter #2 expires.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is in the coverage area when the timer in energy saving parameter #2 or mobility management parameter #2 expires, the AMF performs the process corresponding to situation A in Figure 8; when the AMF determines that the UE is in the energy saving If the timer in parameter #2 or mobility management parameter #2 is not located in the coverage area when it expires, the AMF performs the process corresponding to case B in Figure 8.
  • the process corresponding to case B in Figure 8.
  • the AMF sends energy saving parameter #2 to the UE.
  • the UE receives the energy saving parameter #2 from the AMF.
  • S804 does not need to be executed. In other words, S804 is replaced by: the AMF determines that the mobility management parameter is mobility management parameter #2.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #3 based on the satellite coverage information and the location information of the UE.
  • the AMF determines the duration of the UE in the non-coverage area and the duration of the UE in the coverage area based on the coverage information and the UE's location information, and then determines the energy saving parameter #3 based on these two durations, where the energy saving parameter #3 includes the activation time. #3 and periodic registration timer #3.
  • the activation time #3 is less than or equal to the time the UE is in the coverage area.
  • the period corresponding to the periodic registration timer #3 is greater than or equal to the time the UE is in the non-coverage area and the time it is in the coverage area.
  • the sum of the durations of the regions. S805 can also be described as: the AMF determines energy saving parameter #3 based on the time the UE is located in the non-coverage area and the time it is located in the coverage area.
  • AMF determines mobility management parameter #3 based on the time the UE is located in the non-coverage area and the time it is located in the coverage area.
  • the AMF sends the energy saving parameter #1 to the UE.
  • the UE receives the energy saving parameter #3 from the AMF.
  • the energy saving parameter #2 when the UE enters the IDLE state, the energy saving parameter #2 is activated; if the UE receives the energy saving parameter #3, when the UE enters the IDLE state, the energy saving parameter is activated Parameter #3.
  • the UE can be prevented from initiating periodic registration in the coverage area, and when the UE initiates periodic registration (or when it wakes up, or when the periodic registration timer expires) , in the coverage area of the satellite, thus saving UE resources.
  • the UE can be prevented from being deregistered/deattached when it is located in a non-coverage area, thus avoiding the re-authentication, authorization, and establishment of UE context required for the UE to re-enter the network. and other processes to achieve resource or signaling savings.
  • time x is the time when the UE enters the IDLE state. Therefore, the UE activates energy saving parameter #3 at time x.
  • activation time #3 corresponds to the length of time the UE is located in the coverage area (as shown by the arrow corresponding to activation time #3 in case I of Figure 9)
  • periodic registration timer #3 corresponds to the time the UE is located in the coverage area.
  • the duration of the coverage area and the duration of the non-coverage area (shown by the arrow corresponding to the periodic registration timer #3 in case I of Figure 9) are taken as an example for explanation. Therefore, in case I, the energy saving parameter #3 is activated when the UE enters the IDLE state.
  • the activation time #3 expires. Therefore, in the coverage area, the activation time #3 is in the timing phase.
  • the network side can page the UE. After the UE enters the non-coverage area, activation time #3 expires, and the network side will no longer page the UE, thus saving resources; when the UE re-enters the coverage area from the non-coverage area , the periodic registration timer #3 expires, that is to say, in the non-coverage area, the periodic registration timer #3 is in the timing phase, and the UE does not initiate the periodic registration process, thereby saving resources.
  • the UE is awakened by the network side and enters the connected state. It is assumed that the UE enters the IDLE state immediately after time y. In this case, the UE and The network side reactivates energy saving parameter #3 after time y, that is, reactivates activation time #3 and periodic registration timer #3. Therefore, in case II, the activation time #3 expires after the UE enters the non-coverage area (yx) time. However, during the (yx) time it enters the coverage area, the UE is in the non-coverage area, that is, it is in an unavailable state.
  • the network side may page the UE during this period, resulting in a waste of resources; similarly, the UE reactivates the periodic registration timer #3 at time y, and re-enters the UE from the non-coverage area.
  • the periodic registration timer #3 expires after (yx) time in the coverage area. However, within (yx) time when the UE re-enters the coverage area, the UE is in the coverage area, but due to the periodic registration timer in this time period #3 is still in the timing phase.
  • the UE From the UE side, the UE thinks that the timer has not expired and will not actively initiate a periodic registration process; from the network side, the network side thinks that the UE is still unreachable, so it will not search for the UE. call, thereby affecting the communication between the UE and the network side.
  • the time when the UE is in the coverage area is 10 minutes
  • the time when the UE is in the non-coverage area is 30 minutes.
  • Time x is 1 o'clock
  • time y is 1:05
  • time z 1:10
  • time m is 1:40
  • the duration corresponding to activation time #3 is 10 minutes
  • the duration corresponding to periodic registration timer #3 is 40 minutes.
  • the UE activates energy saving parameter #3 at 1 o'clock, activation time #3 and periodic registration timer #3 start timing. After 5 minutes of timing, that is, at time y, the UE wakes up and enters the connected state, and then re-enters the IDLE state. At this time, the UE restarts the activation time #3 and the periodic registration timer. In this case, activation time #3 expires at 1:15 and periodic registration timer #3 expires at 1:45. Therefore, the UE is located in the non-coverage area when activation time #3 expires; the UE is located in the coverage area when periodic registration timer #3 expires.
  • case III in Figure 9 proposes another possible implementation.
  • the UE activates activation time #3 and periodic registration timer #3 at time x. After the UE wakes up again at time y, the UE does not stop the activation time #3 and periodic registration timer #3. Timing, after re-entering the connection state, does not restart the timing, but continues the timing previously activated at time x. Therefore, in case III, the UE activates energy saving parameter #3 at time The network side can page the UE.
  • activation time #3 expires, and the network side will no longer page the UE, thereby saving resources; when the UE re-enters the coverage area from the non-coverage area, Periodic registration timer #3 expires, so in non-coverage areas, when periodic registration timer #3 is in the timing phase, the UE does not initiate the periodic registration process, thus saving resources.
  • the above mechanism can be activated by the UE. Specifically, when the UE determines that a satellite with discontinuous coverage is used to access the network, the above mechanism is activated, that is, after the UE re-enters the connected state from the idle state, it continues to count the periodic registration timer #3 without re-timing. Among them, the UE can determine whether to use a satellite with discontinuous coverage to access the network based on the ephemeris information.
  • the above mechanism can also be activated by AMF.
  • the AMF determines that the UE uses a satellite with discontinuous coverage to access the network
  • the above mechanism is used.
  • the specific AMF sends the third instruction message to the UE, instructing the UE to continue counting the periodic registration timer #3 after entering the connected state from the idle state.
  • the third indication information may also be described as instructing the UE to use a satellite with discontinuous coverage to access the network, so that the UE activates the above mechanism.
  • a new registration timer type can also be defined.
  • the UE When the UE receives a registration timer of this type, it will continue to count the registration timer when the UE enters the connected state from the idle state without re-timing. .
  • Figure 10 shows an exemplary flowchart of the method 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE sends indication information indicating that the UE supports energy saving parameter #1 to the AMF, so that the AMF can reasonably determine whether to activate the energy saving parameter when the UE leaves the satellite coverage area and avoid meaningless activation of the energy saving parameter.
  • the method 1000 is illustrated below in conjunction with each step in Figure 10.
  • the UE sends a registration request (Registration request) message to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives the registration request message from the UE.
  • the UE sends a registration request message to the AMF through the RAN to trigger the registration process.
  • the registration request message includes indication information #1.
  • the indication information #1 is used to indicate that the UE supports activating energy saving when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the energy saving parameters include periodic registration timer.
  • the energy saving parameter is used to indicate the duration for which the UE initiates periodic connection establishment to the AMF, and the duration is greater than or equal to the duration for which the UE is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the periodic connection establishment may be periodic registration or periodic tracking area update.
  • the indication information #1 can also be described as: the indication information #1 is used to indicate that the UE supports activating the energy-saving parameters when entering the non-coverage area of the satellite, or the indication information #1 is used to indicate that the UE supports deciding whether to activate based on the satellite coverage.
  • the energy saving parameter, or indication information #1 is used to instruct the UE to support future power saving parameter (future power saving parameter), where the UE supporting the future power saving parameter means that the UE supports activating the energy saving parameter when certain preset conditions are met. , or the UE supports activating energy-saving parameters at a specific time in the future.
  • the future energy-saving parameters refer to the energy-saving parameters that the UE activates and uses when it meets certain preset conditions, or at a specific moment in the future.
  • the energy saving parameter here can refer to any information used for energy saving, for example, it can be periodic injection registration timer, or activation time, therefore the energy-saving parameters in the embodiments of this application can be replaced by certain specific parameters, such as a periodic registration timer.
  • the indication information #1 can also be described as: the indication information #1 is used to instruct the UE to support activating the periodic registration timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the periodic registration is
  • the timer may refer to the energy saving parameter #1 determined by the AMF according to the instruction information #1 in S1002.
  • S1001 is explained by taking the UE to send the indication information #1 to the AMF during the registration process as an example, but it can be understood that the UE can also send the indication information #1 to the AMF in other processes (or through other messages), for example, The UE sends indication information #1 to the AMF through the newly added NAS message.
  • AMF determines energy saving parameter #1 based on instruction information #1.
  • the AMF determines the energy saving parameter #1 according to the indication information #1 carried in the registration request message.
  • the energy-saving parameter #1 is used to activate the use of the energy-saving parameter #1 by the UE and the AMF when the UE leaves the satellite coverage area. That is to say, the energy-saving parameter #1 1 is a future energy-saving parameter.
  • the AMF determines based on the indication information #1 that the UE supports activating energy saving parameters when leaving the satellite coverage area (that is, the UE supports future energy saving parameters).
  • the AMF can also determine based on the UE's subscription data and /Or the policy information determines whether the network side is allowed/enabled to send energy saving parameter #1 to the UE. If it is allowed/enabled, the AMF activates the future energy saving parameter mechanism (that is, the AMF determines the future energy saving parameter, that is, the energy saving parameter #1). It can be understood that the AMF can obtain the UE's subscription data from the UDM and obtain the UE's policy information from the PCF. The specific method is not limited in this application.
  • the AMF sends a registration acceptance message to the UE.
  • the registration acceptance message includes energy saving parameter #1.
  • the UE receives the registration accept message from the AMF.
  • case 1 also includes the following steps:
  • S1004a and S1004b are similar to S706a and S706b in method 700, and will not be described again here for the sake of brevity.
  • the AMF determines whether to activate energy-saving parameter #1 based on whether the UE supports activation of energy-saving parameter when leaving satellite coverage and the subscription data/policy to avoid meaningless activation of energy-saving parameter #1.
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic flowchart of the method 1100 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE may send a registration request message to the AMF when it is about to leave the satellite coverage area, if the UE does not support activating the energy saving parameter when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area, the AMF generates energy saving parameter #3 for the UE.
  • the UE sends a registration request message to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives the registration request message from the UE.
  • the UE may send a registration request message to the AMF when it is about to leave the satellite coverage area.
  • the registration request message here may be an initial registration request message or a periodic registration request message, which is not limited in this application.
  • the UE can determine whether it is about to leave the satellite coverage area based on the UE's location information and ephemeris information.
  • the UE determines that the distance between the UE and the boundary of the satellite coverage area is less than a first threshold (for example, 1 m) based on the UE's location information and ephemeris information
  • the UE considers that it is about to leave the satellite coverage area; for another example, the UE determines based on
  • the location information and ephemeris information of the UE determine that the time the UE is away from the boundary of the satellite coverage area is less than the second threshold (for example, 1 minute)
  • the UE considers that it is about to leave the satellite coverage area.
  • the registration request message may also carry indication information #2, which is used to indicate that the UE is about to Leave the satellite coverage area.
  • the registration request message in this case is a new type of registration request message, that is, the registration request message can correspond to a new type of registration process.
  • the UE sends this new type of registration request message to the AMF, that is, this new type of registration request message is used to indicate that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area.
  • the UE may send a registration request message to the AMF when the UE does not support activating the energy saving parameter when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and when it is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the UE may determine according to the local configuration information whether to support activation of energy saving parameters when the UE does not support leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the local configuration information of the UE indicates that the UE does not support activating energy saving when leaving the coverage area of the satellite. parameter.
  • the UE determines that activating the energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite is not supported.
  • the UE can send indication information #3 to the AMF.
  • the indication information #3 is used to indicate that the UE does not support activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • the UE can send the indication information #3 to the AMF during the initial registration process.
  • the AMF sends the instruction information #3, and can also send the instruction information #3 in other processes, which is not limited in this application.
  • the UE can first determine whether it supports activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite, and then determine whether it is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite. In this case, the UE can After confirming that activating energy-saving parameters while leaving the satellite's coverage area is not supported, then determine whether you are about to leave the satellite's coverage area. Alternatively, the UE may first determine whether it is about to leave the satellite's coverage area, and then determine whether it supports activating the energy-saving parameters when leaving the satellite's coverage area, which is not limited in this application.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the AMF may also determine that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area based on the UE's location information and ephemeris information. For example, when the AMF determines based on the UE's location information and ephemeris information that the distance between the UE and the boundary of the satellite coverage area is less than a first threshold (for example, 1 m), the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area; for another example, When the AMF determines based on the UE's location information and ephemeris information that the time the UE is away from the boundary of the satellite's coverage area is less than a second threshold (for example, 1 min), the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the satellite's coverage area.
  • a first threshold for example, 1 m
  • a second threshold for example, 1 min
  • the AMF can also determine that the UE does not support activating the energy saving parameters when leaving the coverage area of the satellite through any of the above three implementation methods. For example, when receiving indication information #2 and/or indication information #3 from the UE, the AMF determines that the UE does not support activating the energy saving parameter when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • AMF determines energy saving parameter #3 based on satellite coverage information.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #3 based on the satellite coverage information.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #3 based on the satellite coverage information.
  • the AMF sends a registration acceptance message to the UE.
  • the registration acceptance message includes energy saving parameter #3.
  • the UE receives the energy saving parameter #3 from the AMF.
  • the method 1100 may also include the following steps:
  • S1105b When the AMF determines that the UE enters the idle state, it activates energy saving parameter #3.
  • the above solution is explained by taking the AMF generating energy saving parameter #3 for the UE in the UE's registration process as an example, but it is understandable that the AMF can also generate energy saving parameter #3 for the UE in other processes, such as the AN release process. An example of this situation is described below.
  • the AMF can generate energy-saving parameters for the UE before triggering the AN release process. For example, due to unknown errors or other reasons, AMF determines to initiate the AN release process of the UE. The AMF sends energy saving parameter #3 to the UE before sending the UE context command message to the RAN. It can be understood that in this implementation, the UE can generate the energy saving parameter #3 after determining to initiate the AN release process, or it can generate the energy saving parameter #3 in advance at other times (such as during the UE's registration process). , the comparison is not limited in this application.
  • the AMF can generate energy saving parameter #3 for the UE after triggering the AN release process and before the UE's access network is released. For example, due to user inactivity, network management interference, etc., the RAN initiates an AN release process to the AMF. Specifically, the RAN sends a UE context release request message to the AMF. After receiving the UE context release request message from the RAN and before sending the UE context release command to the RAN, the AMF sends the energy saving parameter #3 to the UE.
  • the UE receives the energy saving parameter #3 from the AMF.
  • energy saving parameter #3 can be carried in the NAS message sent by the AMF to the UE, such as a UE configuration update command or a downlink NAS transmission message.
  • the above two solutions are explained by taking the AMF to generate energy saving parameter #3 for the UE during the UE's registration process or other processes, and provide the energy saving parameter #3 to the UE as an example. It can be understood that the AMF can also generate energy saving parameter #3, but does not send the energy saving parameter #3 to the UE. An example of this situation is described below.
  • the AMF when the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area, or when the AMF determines that the UE does not support activating energy-saving parameters when leaving the satellite coverage area, the AMF generates energy-saving parameters. #3.
  • the energy saving parameter #3 may be a deregistration timer.
  • the AMF determines the de-registration timer based on the time the UE is located in the satellite non-coverage area, and the time period indicated by the de-registration timer is greater than or equal to the time the UE is located in the satellite non-coverage area.
  • the AMF can activate the mobile reachability timer when the UE's NAS connection is released, and activate the de-registration timer after the mobile reachability timer expires; or, when the AMF determines that the UE has entered the non-coverage area of the satellite, Activate the deregistration timer.
  • the AMF retains the context of the UE (that is, does not register the UE), thereby ensuring that the UE is not de-registered by the AMF when it is located in a non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the method by which the AMF determines that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area can refer to the description of S1101 to S1102 in method 1100, and will not be described again here.
  • the AMF generates energy saving parameter #3 for the UE when it is determined that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area, ensuring energy saving when the UE is in the satellite non-coverage area.
  • Figure 12 shows an exemplary flowchart of the method 1200 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the AMF determines whether to update the energy-saving parameters of the UE based on whether the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area, thereby ensuring the energy-saving characteristics of the UE in the non-coverage area.
  • the method 1200 is illustrated below in conjunction with each step in Figure 12.
  • the UE sends a registration request (Registration request) message to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives the registration request message from the UE.
  • the AMF determines to generate energy saving parameter #1 for the UE according to the UE subscription data and/or policy information.
  • the AMF may consider that the UE supports activation of energy-saving parameters when leaving the satellite coverage area, or AMF By default, energy saving parameter #1 is generated for the UE. Further, the AMF can determine whether the network side allows/enables sending energy saving parameter #1 to the UE based on the UE's subscription data and/or policy information. The energy saving parameter #1 is used for UE and AMF activation when the UE leaves the satellite coverage area. use. If allowed/enabled by the network side, the AMF executes S1203.
  • the AMF determines energy saving parameter #1 based on the satellite coverage information and the location information of the UE.
  • the specific process is similar to S702 in method 700 and will not be described again here.
  • the AMF sends a registration acceptance message to the UE, where the registration acceptance message includes energy saving parameter #1.
  • the UE receives the registration accept message from the AMF.
  • the UE After receiving the registration acceptance message from the AMF, the UE further executes subsequent solutions based on whether the UE supports activating energy saving parameter #1 when the UE leaves the satellite coverage area.
  • the following are illustrative descriptions of these two situations respectively.
  • Scenario 1 The UE supports activation of energy saving parameter #1 when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • the UE when the UE supports activating energy saving parameter #1 when leaving the satellite coverage area, the UE saves (or maintains) the energy saving parameter #1, and activates the energy saving parameter #1 when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • the AMF activates energy saving parameter #1. For example, after the AMF determines the energy saving parameter #1, it saves the energy saving parameter #1. If the UE does not re-initiate the registration process to the AMF, or if the AMF does not re-determine new energy-saving parameters for the UE, the AMF activates the energy-saving parameter #1 when it determines that the UE leaves the satellite coverage area.
  • Case 2 The UE does not support activation of energy saving parameter #1 when leaving the satellite coverage area.
  • situation 2 may correspond to the solution in method 1100.
  • S1206-S1210 are similar to S1101-S1105 in method 1100. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described again here.
  • the AMF updates the energy-saving parameters of the UE when it is determined that the UE is about to leave the satellite coverage area, ensuring that when the energy-saving parameter #1 is activated when the UE does not support leaving satellite coverage, the AMF can timely
  • the energy-saving parameters of the UE are updated according to the satellite coverage information to ensure the energy-saving effect of the UE in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide corresponding devices, which include modules for executing corresponding modules in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the module can be software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. It can be understood that the technical features described in the above method embodiments are also applicable to the following device embodiments. Therefore, content that is not described in detail can be referred to the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described again here.
  • FIG 13 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 10 includes a transceiver module 11 and a processing module 12 .
  • the transceiver module 11 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 12 is used to perform data processing, or in other words, the transceiver module 11 is used to perform operations related to receiving and sending, and the processing module 12 is used to perform other operations besides receiving and sending.
  • the transceiver module 11 may also be called a communication interface or communication unit.
  • the device 10 may also include a storage module 13, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing module 12 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage module, so that the device implements each of the foregoing. Actions of the device or network element in the method embodiment.
  • the device 10 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiment (such as the terminal device in method 600 and method 610, or the AMF in method 700, method 800, method 1000-method 1200). ), or a component (such as a chip) of the mobility management network element.
  • the device 10 can implement steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to perform operations related to the transceiver of the terminal device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to perform Operations related to processing of the terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the terminal device in methods 1000 to 1200 in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 is used to receive the first timing from the network device.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a first duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the first duration is greater than or equal to the duration that the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the processing module 12 uses When it is determined to leave the coverage area of the satellite, the first timer is activated.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the terminal equipment in methods 1000 to 1200 in the above method embodiments, wherein the processing module 12 is used to determine that it is about to leave the coverage of the satellite.
  • the transceiver module 11 sends a registration request message to the network device; the transceiver module 11 is also used to receive a registration acceptance message from the network device.
  • the registration acceptance message includes a third timer, and the third timer is used.
  • the third duration for instructing the terminal device to initiate periodic connection establishment to the network device is greater than or equal to the duration during which the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the processing module 12 is also used to: When entering the idle state, the third timer is activated.
  • the device 10 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiment (such as the network device in method 600 and method 610, or the AMF in method 700, method 800, method 1000-1200). ), or a component of a network device (such as a chip).
  • the device 10 can implement steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the network device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to perform operations related to the transceiver of the network device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to perform Operations related to processing of the network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the network equipment in methods 700 to 800 in the above method embodiment, wherein the processing module 12 is used to determine whether the terminal equipment is in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • the duration determines the first timer.
  • the first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate the first duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the first duration is greater than or equal to the duration of the terminal device in the non-coverage area of the satellite.
  • Duration; the transceiver module 11 is used to send the first timer to the terminal device, and instruct the terminal device to activate the first timer when leaving the coverage area of the satellite.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the network equipment in methods 1000 to 1200 in the above method embodiments, wherein the processing module 12 is used to determine the coverage area of the terminal equipment in the satellite. The duration and the duration in the non-coverage area of the satellite determine the first timer. The first timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate the first duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device. The first duration is greater than or equal to the The sum of the time the terminal device is located in the coverage area of the satellite and the time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the transceiver module 11 is used to send the first timer to the terminal device.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the network equipment in methods 1000 to 1200 in the above method embodiment, wherein the processing module 12 is used to determine that the terminal equipment is about to leave the satellite.
  • the third timer is determined based on the length of time the terminal equipment is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite, The third timer is used to instruct the terminal device to initiate a third duration of periodic connection establishment to the network device.
  • the third duration is greater than or equal to the duration when the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite; the transceiver module 11 is used to send The terminal device sends the third timer.
  • the device 10 can implement the steps or processes performed by the terminal device in methods 1000 to 1200 in the above method embodiment, wherein the processing module 12 is used to determine that the terminal device is about to leave the In the case of a satellite coverage area, a fourth timer is determined based on the length of time the terminal device is located in the non-coverage area of the satellite. The fourth timer is used to instruct the network device to register the fourth time length of the terminal device; the processing module 12 , is also used to activate the mobile reachability timer when the non-access stratum connection of the terminal device is released, and activate the fourth timer when the mobile reachability timer expires.
  • module may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors) used to execute one or more software or firmware programs. processor, etc.) and memory, merged logic circuitry, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • processor such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors
  • memory merged logic circuitry, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • the device 10 may be specifically the network device in the above embodiments, and may be used to perform various processes and/or steps corresponding to the network devices in the above method embodiments; or , the device 10 may be specifically a terminal device in the above embodiments, and may be used to execute various processes and/or steps corresponding to the terminal device in each of the above method embodiments. To avoid duplication, they will not be described again here.
  • the device 10 of each of the above solutions has the function of realizing the corresponding steps performed by the equipment (such as network equipment or terminal equipment) in the above method.
  • This function can be implemented by hardware, or it can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions; for example, the transceiver module can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the sending unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a receiver.
  • other units, such as processing modules, etc. can be replaced by processors to respectively perform the sending and receiving operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.
  • transceiver module 11 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, it may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing module may be a processing circuit.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another communication device 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 20 includes a processor 21, which is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 22, or read data/signaling stored in the memory 22, to perform the methods in each of the above method embodiments.
  • processors 21 there are one or more processors 21 .
  • the device 20 further includes a memory 22, which is used to store computer programs or instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 22 may be integrated with the processor 21 or may be provided separately.
  • the device 20 also includes a transceiver 23, which is used for receiving and/or transmitting signals.
  • the processor 21 is used to control the transceiver 23 to receive and/or transmit signals.
  • the device 20 is used to implement the operations performed by the network device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 21 is used to execute the computer program or instructions stored in the memory 22 to implement the related operations of the network device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 21 executes the computer program or instructions stored in the memory 22 to implement the operation shown in FIG. 6(a) and the method performed by the network device in FIG. 6(b), or for indicating FIG. 7 to Figure 8, and the method of AMF execution in Figures 10-12.
  • the device 20 is used to implement the operations performed by the terminal device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 21 is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 22 to implement related operations of the terminal device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 21 executes the computer program or execution stored in the memory 22, which can implement the method performed by the terminal device in FIG. 6(a) and FIG. 6(b), or be used to indicate FIGS. 7 to 8, and FIG. 10-Method performed by the UE in Figure 12.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache.
  • RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct Memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component
  • the memory storage module
  • memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 30 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip system 30 (or can also be called a processing system) includes a logic circuit 31 and an input/output interface 32.
  • the logic circuit 31 may be a processing circuit in the chip system 30 .
  • the logic circuit 31 can be coupled to the memory unit and call instructions in the memory unit, so that the chip system 30 can implement the methods and functions of various embodiments of the present application.
  • the input/output interface 32 can be an input/output circuit in the chip system 30, which outputs information processed by the chip system 30, or inputs data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 30 for processing.
  • the chip system 30 is used to implement the network equipment in each of the above method embodiments (such as the network equipment in Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b), or Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10—Operations performed by the AMF in Figure 12).
  • the chip system 30 is used to implement the terminal equipment in each of the above method embodiments (such as the terminal equipment in Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b), or Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10 - Operations performed by the UE in Figure 12.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which is stored information for implementing the above methods.
  • the computer when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method executed by the mobility management network element in each embodiment of the above method.
  • the computer when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method executed by the terminal device in each embodiment of the above method.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product that includes instructions that, when executed by a computer, implement the methods executed by devices (such as mobile management network elements and terminal equipment) in each of the above method embodiments.
  • devices such as mobile management network elements and terminal equipment
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including the aforementioned mobility management network element and session management network element.
  • the system also includes a device that communicates with the above-mentioned remote terminal device and/or relay terminal device.
  • the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more available media integrated therein.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (such as DVDs), or semiconductor media (such as solid state disks (SSD)), etc.
  • the aforementioned available media include but Not limited to: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法和装置，该方法可以包括：终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，并且该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；在该终端设备确定离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，该终端设备激活述第一定时器。通过上述方案，可以在卫星非连续覆盖场景下，节省终端设备和网络设备的资源。

Description

通信方法和装置
本申请要求于2022年05月06日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210488607.3、申请名称为“通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及于2022年07月18日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210843113.2、申请名称为“通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法和装置。
背景技术
基于经济成本的考虑，一些卫星可能会存在非连续性覆盖的情况，即连接卫星网络的UE可能会有部分时间进入卫星的非覆盖区域，从而无法连接到网络。
在卫星的非覆盖区域，用户设备(user equipment，UE)将处于不可达的状态，如果此时UE发起周期性注册流程或跟踪区更新流程的话，将会造成资源浪费。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种通信方法和装置，可以在卫星非连续覆盖场景中，减少资源浪费。
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端设备执行，或者，也可以由终端设备的组成部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，对此不作限定。为了便于描述，下面以由终端设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；在该终端设备确定离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，该终端设备激活述第一定时器。
在一种实现方式中，该周期性连接建立，可以是周期性注册，也可以是周期性跟踪区更新，即该第一定时器可以是周期性注册定时器，也可以是周期性跟踪区更新定时器。
在上述方案中，终端设备从网络设备接收用于指示发起周期性连接建立的第一定时器，且该第一定时器指示的第一时长大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长。因此，终端设备在确定离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，可以通过激活该第一定时器，防止在卫星非覆盖区域发起周期性连接建立，以节省资源。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备接收来自该网络设备的第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备与该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；在该终端设备进入空闲态，且该终端设备确定位于该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，该终端设备激活该第二定时器。
在上述方案中，终端设备还从网络设备接收到了第二定时器。也就是说，终端设备从 网络侧接收到了两个定时器，其中一个定时器(第一定时器)用于在终端设备离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下使用，另一个定时器(第二定时器)用于在终端设备进入空闲态且位于覆盖区域的情况下使用。上述方案既不影响终端设备在覆盖区域的时候的节能特性，也能保证在非覆盖区域的时候的节能特性，可以起到节约资源的效果。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：当该终端设备离开该卫星的覆盖区域时，该终端设备停止第二定时器。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：在该第一定时器到期后，该终端设备向该网络设备发送注册请求消息或跟踪区更新请求消息。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在该终端设备激活述第一定时器之前，该方法还包括：该终端设备根据该卫星的星历信息确定该终端设备离开该卫星的覆盖范围。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在该终端设备接收来自该网络设备的第一定时器之前，该方法还包括：该终端设备向该网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示该终端设备支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，该节能参数包括周期性注册定时器。第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以网络设备执行，或者，也可以由网络设备的组成部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，对此不作限定。为了便于描述，下面以由网络设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第一定时器，并向该终端设备指示在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活该第一定时器。
在上述方案中，网络设备向终端设备发送用于指示终端设备发起周期性连接建立的第一定时器，且该第一定时器指示的第一时长大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长。因此，终端设备可以根据该第一定时器不在非覆盖区域发起周期性连接建立，以节省资源。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，在该网络设备确定该终端设备离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，该网络设备激活该第一定时器。
在上述方案中，网络设备在确定终端设备离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活第一定时器。在第一定时器到期前，网络设备不向终端设备发起寻呼，从而可以节省网络设备的资源。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备确定该终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长，包括：
该网络设备根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息确定该终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第一定时器，包括：该网络设备向该终端发送消息，该消息包括第二定时器和该第一定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长。
第三方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以网络设备执行，或者，也可以由网络设 备的组成部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，对此不作限定。为了便于描述，下面以由网络设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第一定时器。
在上述方案中，网络设备向终端设备发送用于指示终端设备发起周期性连接建立的第一定时器，且该第一定时器指示的第一时长大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长和终端设备位于覆盖区域的时长。因此，终端设备在进入空闲态的情况下，可以通过激活该第一定时器，防止为卫星非覆盖区域发起周期性连接建立，以节省资源。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，包括：该网络设备确定第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；在该网络设备确定该终端设备在该第二定时器到期时位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，该网络设备根据该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第一定时器。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：在该终端设备进入空闲态时，该网络设备激活该第一定时器；在该终端设备从该空闲态进入连接态、且该第一定时器没有到期的情况下，该网络设备继续对该第一定时器进行计时。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备确定该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长，包括：该网络设备根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息确定该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
第四方面，提供了一种通信方法，包括：网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该网络设备去注册该终端设备的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；在该网络设备确定该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下，激活第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该网络设备不去注册该终端设备的第二时长；在该第二定时器到期的情况下，该网络设备激活该第一定时器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二定时器还可以描述为：该第二定时器用于指示监测终端设备是否发起周期性注册更新流程的第二时长。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一定时器可以对应去注册定时器或去附着定时器，该第二定时器可以对应移动可达定时器。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，包括：该网络设备确 定第三定时器，该第三定时器用于指示该网络设备去注册该终端设备的第三时长；在该网络设备确定该终端设备在该第三定时器到期时位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，该网络设备根据该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第一定时器。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长，包括：该网络设备根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息，确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长。
第五方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该网络设备不去注册该终端设备的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；在该网络设备确定该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下，激活第一定时器。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一定时器可以对应移动可达定时器。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，包括：该网络设备确定第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该网络设备不去注册该终端设备的第二时长；在该网络设备确定该终端设备在该第二定时器到期时位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，该网络设备根据该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第一定时器。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长，包括：该网络设备根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息，确定该终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及该终端设备在非覆盖区域的时长。
第六方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：网络设备根据终端设备在卫星非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，所述第一定时器用于指示网络设备去注册或不去注册该终端设备的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；在确定该终端设备离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，该网络设备激活该第一定时器。
在一种实现方式中，在该第一定时器用于指示网络设备去注册该终端设备的第一时长的情况下，上述第一定时器可以对应去注册定时器或去附着定时器。此时该第一定时器还可以描述为：该第一定时器用于指示网络设备保留终端设备的上下文的第一时长。
在该第一定时器用于指示网络设备不去注册该终端设备的第一时长的情况下，上述第一定时器可以对应移动可达定时器。此时该第一定时器还可以描述为：该第一定时器用于指示监测终端设备是否发起周期性注册更新流程的第一时长。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终 端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备确定该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长，包括：该网络设备根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息确定该终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备根据配置信息和/或该终端设备的能力信息确定第二时长，该第二时长用于指示不去注册终端设备的第二时长；在该网络设备确定该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下，激活第二定时器。
在一种实现方式中，上述第二定时器可以对应移动可达定时器。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备根据配置信息和/或该终端设备的能力信息确定第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示去注册终端设备的第二时长；在该网络设备确定该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下，激活第三定时器，该第三定时器用于指示该网络设备不去注册该终端设备的第三时长；在该第三定时器到期的情况下，该网络设备激活该第二定时器。
在一种实现方式中，上述第二定时器可以对应去注册定时器或去附着定时器，该第三定时器可以对应移动可达定时器。
第七方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：网络设备在确定终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第三定时器，该第三定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第三时长，该第三时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第三定时器。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备在确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第三定时器，包括：该网络设备在该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，且该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第三定时器。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，其中，该网络设备确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，具体包括：该网络设备接收来自该终端设备的第二指示信息，该网络设备根据该第二指示信息确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域；或者，该网络设备确定该终端设备的位置距离该卫星的覆盖区域的边界的长度小于第一门限值；或者，该网络设备确定该终端设备距离离开该卫星的覆盖区域的时间小于第二门限值该。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该方法包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，包括：该网络设备接收来自该终端设备的第三指示信息；该网络设备根据该第三指示信息确定该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，确定节能参数。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备接收来自该终端设备的注册请求消息；该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第三定时器，包括：该网络设备向该终端设备发送注册响应消息，该注册响应消息包括该第三定时器。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备向该终端设备发送该第三定时器，包括：该网络设备在该终端设备的接入网络被释放之前，向该终端设备发送该第三定时器。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备在确定该终端设备进入空闲态的情况下，该激活该第三定时器。
第八方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：网络设备在确定终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第四定时器，该第四定时器用于指示该网络设备去注册该终端设备的第四时长；该网络设备在该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下激活移动可达定时器，并在该移动可达定时器到期的情况下，激活该第四定时器。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的某些实现方式中，该网络设备在确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第四定时器，包括：该网络设备在该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，且该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第四定时器。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，其中，该网络设备确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域，具体包括：该网络设备接收来自该终端设备的第二指示信息，该网络设备根据该第二指示信息确定该终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域；或者，该网络设备确定该终端设备的位置距离该卫星的覆盖区域的边界的长度小于第一门限值；或者，该网络设备确定该终端设备距离离开该卫星的覆盖区域的时间小于第二门限值该。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的某些实现方式中，该方法包括：该网络设备确定该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，包括：该网络设备接收来自该终端设备的第三指示信息；该网络设备根据该第三指示信息确定该终端设备不支持在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置包括：收发模块，用于接收来自网络设备的第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；处理模块，用于在确定离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活述第一定时器。
结合第九方面，在第九方面的某些实现方式中，该收发模块，还用于接收来自该网络设备的第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备与该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；该处理模块，还用于在进入空闲态，且位于该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活该第二定时器。
结合第九方面，在第九方面的某些实现方式中，该装置还包括：该处理模块，还用于在离开该卫星的覆盖区域时，停止第二定时器。
结合第九方面，在第九方面的某些实现方式中，该装置还包括：该收发模块，还用于在该第一定时器到期后，向该网络设备发送注册请求消息或跟踪区更新请求消息。
结合第九方面，在第九方面的某些实现方式中，在该终端设备激活述第一定时器之前，该装置还包括：该终端设备根据该卫星的星历信息确定该终端设备离开该卫星的覆盖范围。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置包括：处理模块，用于根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；收发模块，用于向该终端设备发送该第一定时器，并向该终端设备指示在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活该第一定时器。
结合第十方面，在第十方面的某些实现方式中，该处理模块，还用于在确定该终端设备离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活该第一定时器。
结合第十方面，在第十方面的某些实现方式中，该处理模块，还用于确定该终端设备在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第十方面，在第十方面的某些实现方式中，该处理模块，具体用于根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息确定该终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第十方面，在第十方面的某些实现方式中，该收发模块，具体用于向该终端发送消息，该消息包括第二定时器和该第一定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长。
第十一方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置包括：处理模块，用于根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；收发模块，用于向该终端设备发送该第一定时器。
结合第十一方面，在第十一方面的某些实现方式中，该处理模块，具体用于确定第二定时器，该第二定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；在确定该终端设备在该第二定时器到期时位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定该第一定时器。
结合第十一方面，在第十一方面的某些实现方式中，该收发模块，还用于在该终端设备进入空闲态时，激活该第一定时器；在该终端设备从该空闲态进入连接态、且该第一定时器没有到期的情况下，继续对该第一定时器进行计时。
结合第十一方面，在第十一方面的某些实现方式中，该处理模块，还用于确定该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
结合第十一方面，在第十一方面的某些实现方式中该处理块，具体用于根据该卫星的覆盖信息以及该终端设备的位置信息确定该终端设备在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
第十二方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置用于执行上述第一方面至第七方面提供的任一方法。具体地，该装置可以包括用于执行第一方面至第七方面提供的方法的单元和/或模块，如处理模块和/或收发模块(也可以成为通信模块)。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为网络设备。当该装置为网络设备时，通信模块可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口；处理模块可以是处理器。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为用于网络设备中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。当该装置为用于通信设备中的芯片、芯片系统或电路时，通信模块可以是该芯片、芯片系统或电路上的输入/输出接口、接口电路、输出电路、输入电路、管脚或相关电路等；处理模块可以是 处理器、处理电路或逻辑电路等。
一种可能情况，该装置为网络设备或网络设备中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。在该情况下，该装置可以包括用于执行第二方面、第三方面、第四方面至第八方面中任一方面提供的方法的单元和/或模块，如处理模块和/或收发模块。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为终端设备。当该装置为终端设备时，通信单元可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口；处理单元可以是处理器。
一种可能情况，该装置为终端设备或终端设备中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。在该情况下，该装置可以包括用于执行第一方面提供的方法的单元和/或模块，如处理模块和/或收发模块。
可选地，上述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，上述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
可选地，上述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，上述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第十三方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：存储器，用于存储程序；处理器，用于执行存储器存储的程序，当存储器存储的程序被执行时，处理器用于执行上述第一方面至第八方面提供的任一方法。
第十四方面，本申请提供一种处理器，用于执行上述各方面提供的方法。在执行这些方法的过程中，上述方法中有关发送上述信息和获取/接收上述信息的过程，可以理解为由处理器输出上述信息的过程，以及处理器接收输入的上述信息的过程。在输出上述信息时，处理器将该上述信息输出给收发器，以便由收发器进行发射。该上述信息在由处理器输出之后，还可能需要进行其他的处理，然后再到达收发器。类似的，处理器接收输入的上述信息时，收发器获取/接收该上述信息，并将其输入处理器。更进一步的，在收发器收到该上述信息之后，该上述信息可能需要进行其他的处理，然后再输入处理器。
基于上述原理，举例来说，前述方法中提及的接收请求消息可以理解为处理器接收输入的信息。
对于处理器所涉及的发射、发送和获取/接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则均可以更加一般性的理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，而不是直接由射频电路和天线所进行的发射、发送和接收操作。
在实现过程中，上述处理器可以是专门用于执行这些方法的处理器，也可以是执行存储器中的计算机指令来执行这些方法的处理器，例如通用处理器。上述存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
第十五方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读介质存储用于设备执行的程序代码，该程序代码包括用于执行上述第一方面至第八方面提供的任一方法。
第十六方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第八方面提供的任一方法。
第十七方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片包括处理器与通信接口，该处理器通过该通信接 口读取存储器上存储的指令，执行上述第一方面至第八方面提供的任一方法。
可选地，作为一种实现方式，该芯片还可以包括存储器，该存储器中存储有指令，该处理器用于执行该存储器上存储的指令，当该指令被执行时，该处理器用于执行上述第一方面至第八方面提供的任一方法。
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图1是适用于本申请实施例的一种网络架构的示意图。
图2是适用于本申请实施例的另一种网络架构的示意图。
图3是一种卫星通信场景示意图。
图4是一种卫星的非连续覆盖场景示意图。
图5是一种更新节能参数的流程示意图。
图6的(a)、图6的(b)、图6的(c)、图6的(d)和图6的(e)示出了本申请实施例提供的五种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种在非连续覆盖区域激活节能参数的场景示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图11是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图12是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的示意性流程图。
图13是本申请一个实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。
图14是本申请另一个实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。
图15是本申请又一个实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
可以理解的是，在本申请中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”以及其他各种术语标号等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没 有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本申请提供的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：第五代(5th generation，5G)或新无线(new radio，NR)系统、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统等。本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统。本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信，车到万物(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)通信，机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信，机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)，以及物联网(internet of things，IoT)通信系统或者其他通信系统。
下面将结合图1举例说明本申请实施例适用的5G系统。应理解，本文中描述的5G系统仅是示例，不应对本申请构成任何限定。
还应理解，5G系统中某些网元之间可以采用服务化接口，或点对点的接口进行通信，下面结合图1和图2分别介绍基于点对点接口的5G系统框架，以及基于服务化接口的5G系统框架。
作为示例性说明，图1示出了本申请实施例适用的5G系统100的架构示意图。图1为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图。如图1所示，该网络架构可以包括但不限于以下网元(或者称为功能网元、功能实体、节点、设备等)：
(无线)接入网设备(radio access network，(R)AN)、接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、AF网元、数据网络(data network，DN)、网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function，NSSF)、认证服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)、BSF网元、统一数据存储(unified data repository，UDR)等。
下面对图1中示出的各网元进行简单介绍：
1、用户设备(user equipment，UE)：可以称为终端设备(terminal equipment)、终端装置、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备可以是一种向用户提供语音/数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例可以为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑(如笔记本电脑、掌上电脑等)、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设 备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。
此外，终端设备还可以是物联网(Internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端设备。IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。IoT技术可以通过例如窄带(narrow band，NB)技术，做到海量连接，深度覆盖，终端省电。
此外，终端设备还可以包括智能打印机、火车探测器等，主要功能包括收集数据(部分终端设备)、接收网络设备的控制信息与下行数据，并发送电磁波，向网络设备传输上行数据。
应理解，用户设备可以是任何可以接入网络的设备。终端设备与接入网设备之间可以采用某种空口技术相互通信。
可选地，用户设备可以用于充当基站。例如，用户设备可以充当调度实体，其在V2X或D2D等中的用户设备之间提供侧行链路信号。比如，蜂窝电话和汽车利用侧行链路信号彼此通信。蜂窝电话和智能家居设备之间通信，而无需通过基站中继通信信号。
2、(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)设备：用于为特定区域的授权用户设备提供入网功能，并能够根据用户设备的级别，业务的需求等使用不同服务质量的传输隧道。
(R)AN能够管理无线资源，为用户设备提供接入服务，进而完成控制信号和用户设备数据在用户设备和核心网之间的转发，(R)AN也可以理解为传统网络中的基站。
示例性地，本申请实施例中的接入网设备可以是用于与用户设备通信的任意一种具有无线收发功能的通信设备。该接入网设备包括但不限为演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)或5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能。比如，CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+AAU发送的。可以理解的是，接入网设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一项或多项的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的接入网设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的接入网设备，本申请对此不做限定。
在卫星通信场景中，无线接入网设备还可以称为无线卫星接入网络站点(或者无线卫星接入网络设备、无线卫星接入网络)、卫星接入网络站点(或者卫星接入网络设备、卫星接入网络)或者称为卫星网络站点(或者称为卫星网络设备、卫星网络)，本申请实施 例对此不做限定。卫星接入网络可以有多种部署方式，例如：同一个PLMN同时拥有地面3GPP接入网路和卫星3GPP接入网络，两种接入网络分别与核心网之间有独立的接口；又例如：不同的核心网共享同一卫星接入网络，共享的卫星接入网络会在广播系统信息中包含可用的PLMN；又例如：地面接入网络和卫星接入网络是独立的，即地面接入网络和卫星接入网络对应独立的PLMN；又例如：天空中的卫星仅负责信号传递，不具有接入网络的功能，这种场景也中可以卫星接入称为卫星回程。在上述的非卫星回程的场景中，卫星可以包含全部或部分接入网络的功能，本申请对此不做限定。当基站的全部功能集成在卫星上时，卫星接入网络设备可理解为卫星上基站部分功能的设备，接入网络的相关信令和数据处理全部在卫星上进行。基站的部分功能集成在卫星上，部分功能位于地面时，卫星接入网络设备可理解为卫星上的基站部分功能的设备和地面上的基站部分功能的设备，接入网络的相关信令和数据处理部分在卫星上进行部分在地面上进行。卫星回程时，卫星接入网络设备可理解为地面上的基站，接入网络的相关信令和数据处理全部在地面上进行，卫星在终端设备和卫星接入网络之间透传信令和数据。
3、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元：用于分组路由和转发以及用户面数据的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理等。
在5G通信系统中，该用户面网元可以是用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元。在未来通信系统中，用户面网元仍可以是UPF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
4、接入和移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元：接入和移动管理功能网元主要用于移动性管理和接入管理等，可以用于实现MME功能中除会话管理之外的其它功能，例如，接入授权/鉴权等功能。
在未来通信系统中，接入和移动管理设备仍可以是AMF，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
5、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元：主要用于会话管理、用户设备的网络互连协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配和管理、选择可管理用户平面功能、策略控制和收费功能接口的终结点以及下行数据通知等。
在未来通信系统中，会话管理网元仍可以是SMF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
6、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元：用于指导网络行为的统一策略框架，为控制面功能网元(例如AMF，SMF等)提供策略规则信息等。
在未来通信系统中，策略控制网元仍可以是PCF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
7、应用功能(application function，AF)：用于进行应用影响的数据路由，无线接入网络开放功能网元，与策略框架交互进行策略控制等。
在未来通信系统中，应用网元仍可以是AF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
8、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元：用于处理UE标识，接入鉴权，注册以及移动性管理等。
在未来通信系统中，统一数据管理仍可以是UDM网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称， 本申请不做限定。
9、认证服务器(authentication server function，AUSF)网元：用于鉴权服务、产生密钥实现对用户设备的双向鉴权，支持统一的鉴权框架。
在未来通信系统中，认证服务器功能网元仍可以是AUSF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
10、网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)网元：用于识别网络切片实例、加载网络切片实例的负载级别信息。网络数据分析功能可使NF消费者订阅或取消订阅定期通知，并在超过阈值的情况下，通知消费者。
在未来通信系统中，网络数据分析功能网元仍可以是NWDAF网元，或者，还可以有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
11、数据网络(data network，DN)：DN是位于运营商网络之外的网络，运营商网络可以接入多个DN，DN上可部署多种业务，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。例如，DN是某智能工厂的私有网络，智能工厂安装在车间的传感器可为终端设备，DN中部署了传感器的控制服务器，控制服务器可为传感器提供服务。传感器可与控制服务器通信，获取控制服务器的指令，根据指令将采集的传感器数据传送给控制服务器等。又例如，DN是某公司的内部办公网络，该公司员工的手机或者电脑可为终端设备，员工的手机或者电脑可以访问公司内部办公网络上的信息、数据资源等。
图1中Nausf、Nnef、Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf、Nsmf、N1、N2、N3、N4，以及N6为接口序列号。这些接口序列号的含义可参见3GPP标准协议中定义的含义，在此不做限制。
在图1所示的网络架构中，各网元之间可以通过图中所示的接口通信。如图所示，UE和AMF之间可以通过N1接口进行交互，交互消息例如可以称为N1消息(N1Message)。RAN和AMF之间可以通过N2接口进行交互，N2接口可以用于非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)消息的发送等。RAN和UPF之间可以通过N3接口进行交互，N3接口可以用于传输用户面的数据等。SMF和UPF之间可以通过N4接口进行交互，N4接口可以用于传输例如N3连接的隧道标识信息，数据缓存指示信息，以及下行数据通知消息等信息。UPF和DN之间可以通过N6接口进行交互，N6接口可以于传输用户面的数据等。其他接口与各网元之间的关系如图1中所示，为了简洁，这里不一一详述。
如图2所示，为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图，其中的网元的功能的介绍可以参考图1中对应的网元的功能的介绍，不再赘述。图2与图1的主要区别在于：图2中的各个网元之间的接口是点对点的接口，而不是服务化的接口。
在图2所示的架构中，各个网元之间的接口名称及功能如下：
1)N7：PCF与SMF之间的接口，用于下发协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话粒度以及业务数据流粒度控制策略。
2)N15：PCF与AMF之间的接口，用于下发UE策略及接入控制相关策略。
3)N5：AF与PCF之间的接口，用于应用业务请求下发以及网络事件上报。
4)N4：SMF与UPF之间的接口，用于控制面与用户面之间传递信息，包括控制面向用户面的转发规则、QoS控制规则、流量统计规则等的下发以及用户面的信息上报。
5)N11：SMF与AMF之间的接口，用于传递RAN和UPF之间的PDU会话隧道信 息、传递发送给UE的控制消息、传递发送给RAN的无线资源控制信息等。
6)N2：AMF与RAN之间的接口，用于传递核心网侧至RAN的无线承载控制信息等。
7)N1：AMF与UE之间的接口，接入无关，用于向UE传递QoS控制规则等。
8)N8：AMF与UDM间的接口，用于AMF向UDM获取接入与移动性管理相关签约数据与鉴权数据，以及AMF向UDM注册UE当前移动性管理相关信息等。
9)N10：SMF与UDM间的接口，用于SMF向UDM获取会话管理相关签约数据，以及SMF向UDM注册UE当前会话相关信息等。
10)N35：UDM与UDR间的接口，用于UDM从UDR中获取用户签约数据信息。
11)N36：PCF与UDR间的接口，用于PCF从UDR中获取策略相关签约数据以及应用数据相关信息。
12)N12：AMF和AUSF间的接口，用于AMF向AUSF发起鉴权流程，其中可携带SUCI作为签约标识；
13)N13：UDM与AUSF间的接口，用于AUSF向UDM获取用户鉴权向量，以执行鉴权流程。
应理解，上述命名仅为便于区分不同的功能而定义，不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请并不排除在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中采用其他命名的可能。例如，在6G网络中，上述各个网元中的部分或全部可以沿用5G中的术语，也可能采用其他名称等。图1中的各个网元之间的接口名称只是一个示例，具体实现中接口的名称可能为其他的名称，本申请对此不作具体限定。此外，上述各个网元之间的所传输的消息(或信令)的名称也仅仅是一个示例，对消息本身的功能不构成任何限定。
可以理解的是，上述网元或者功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。为方便说明，本申请后续，以网络设备为接入和移动管理网元AMF，基站为无线接入网络RAN为例进行说明。
应理解，上述应用于本申请实施例的网络架构仅是一种举例说明，适用本申请实施例的网络架构并不局限于此，任何能够实现上述各个网元的功能的网络架构都适用于本申请实施例。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例的各个方面或特征可以用于实现成方法，或者通过装置或标准编程和/或工程技术的制品进行实现。本申请中使用的术语“制品”涵盖可从任何计算机可读器件、载体或介质访问的计算机程序。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括，但不限于：磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。另外，本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。 术语“机器可读介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
为了便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，在以5G架构为基础介绍本申请实施例的方案之前，首先对本申请实施例可能涉及到的5G中的一些术语或概念，以及本申请可能涉及但上述网络架构未示出的网元进行简单描述。
1、卫星通信
卫星通信技术指的是地面上的无线通信设备通过卫星接入网络的技术，或者指的是地面上的无线通信设备之间通过卫星作为中继进行通信的技术。卫星通信相对于传统的移动通信系统，拥有更广的覆盖范围，可以克服海洋，沙漠，高山等自然地理障碍等优点。
基于图1所示的通信系统架构，可以将卫星通信与5G通信系统(the 5th-generation mobile communications system，5GS)进行融合。目前，卫星通信与5GS的融合可以分为两种场景，第一种场景为：卫星作为3GPP接入，UE通过卫星接入5GS；第二种场景为：卫星链路作为回传链路，RAN通过回传链路与5G核心网(5G core，5GC)通信(如，回传链路为N3或N9提供承载)。
图3是一种卫星通信与5GS融合的场景示意图，其中卫星作为透明模式仅做信号转发。从图3中可以看出卫星作为5G接入，UE通过卫星接入和5GC连接。其中，5GC可以包括如图1中所示的AMF、SMF、UPF等核心网网元。可以理解的是，卫星除了可以作为透明模式，还可以作为再生模式提供信号处理功能，例如卫星作为基站为UE提供无线接入服务。
需要说明的是，图3中仅示出了一个卫星，在实际通信场景中，还可以有多个卫星，且该多个卫星的类型可以相同也可以不同，不同卫星之间存在无线链路，可以完成接入网设备之间的信令交互和用户数据传输。
不同类型的卫星由于轨道高度不同，卫星的覆盖面积、运动特征和带来的传播延时、抖动等也可能不同。示例性地，卫星按轨道类型可分为地球同步卫星(geostationary equatorial orbit，GEO)、低轨道卫星(low earth orbit，LEO)极地轨道星座、中轨道卫星(mid earth orbit，MEO)和其他卫星(Other SAT)等。
2、星历信息
星历信息指的是与卫星星座相关的一些信息，主要包括轨道平面参数(Orbital plane parameters)和卫星层参数(Satellite level parameterst)等。
3、卫星非连续覆盖
一些卫星会存在非连续覆盖的情况，即卫星的覆盖区域不是连续的，或者说，卫星存在覆盖区域和非覆盖区域，这里的覆盖区域指的是卫星的网络(或者说是信号)能够覆盖的区域，非覆盖区域指的是卫星的网络不能够覆盖的区域。例如，在图4所示的卫星覆盖示意图中，图中的六边形区域为卫星的覆盖区域，图中六边形以外的区域为卫星的非覆盖区域。
在卫星非连续覆盖的场景中，连接卫星的UE会在覆盖区域和非覆盖区域进行切换。例如，UE在位置④固定不动，卫星由位置①移动到位置②，则UE会从覆盖区域进入非覆盖区域；又例如，UE由位置④移动到了位置③，导致UE从覆盖区域进入到了非覆盖区域。可以理解的是，也可以由于UE和卫星两者的运动导致的UE在覆盖区域和非覆盖 区域切换。
在本申请实施例中，UE位于覆盖区域的时长，表示当前时刻到UE离开覆盖区域的时长，即UE还可以被覆盖的时间，或者表示当前时刻到UE进入非覆盖区域的时长，即UE还有多长时间离开覆盖区域。UE位于非覆盖区域的时长，表示UE从进入非覆盖区域到离开非覆盖区域的时长，或者表示UE离开覆盖区域到下一次重新进入覆盖区域的时长。
4、节能参数(power saving parameter)
节能参数通常包括周期性注册定时器(periodic registration timer)和激活时间(active time)，其中，周期性注册定时器用于指示UE发起周期性注册的时长，UE激活周期性注册定时器之后，在该周期性注册定时器指示的时长内不发起周期性注册；在周期性注册定时器到期后，UE主动发起周期性注册流程，以保证跟网络侧的连接，使得网络侧缓存的下行数据可以及时到达UE；激活时间用于指示UE可以被寻呼的时长，即，UE进入空闲态之后在该激活时间内可以被网络寻呼。具体的，可以通过定时器方式实现，例如UE激活激活时间之后，在该激活时间指示的时长内(即激活时间到期前)可以被寻呼，对应地，网络侧在UE进入空闲态后可以在该时间内对UE进行寻呼。具体的，网络侧激活该激活时间之后，在该激活时间指示的时长内可以对UE进行寻呼。
可以理解的是，在4G中，上述周期性注册定时器替换为周期性跟踪区更新定时器(periodic tracking area update timer)。
可以理解的是，上述节能参数还可以包括扩展非连续接收(extended discontinuous reception，eDRX)。本申请仅以周期性注册定时器和激活时间为例进行说明。
另外，本申请中提到的激活节能参数，还可以描述为采用节能参数，或使用节能参数等。
5、移动性管理参数
需要说明的是，本申请中除了对节能参数进行描述之外，还针对移动性管理参数进行描述，例如去注册/去附着定时器、移动可达定时器。其中，移动可达定时器用于监测UE是否发起周期性注册更新流程。该移动可达定时器在UE的NAS信令连接(即UE与AMF的信令连接)释放时启动，在NAS信令连接建立时停止；如果在该移动性可达定时器超时后，UE还没有发起周期性注册更新流程，则启动去注册/去附着定时器。当去注册/去附着定时器到期，即超时后网络设备认为UE已经彻底失联，没必要继续保留其上下文信息，发起隐式去注册/去附着流程，删除UE上下文以释放资源，例如AMF上保存的UE的证书、UE的标识)。这样当UE下次入网时需要重新发起注册/附着流程。
下面结合图5简单介绍一种，在UE进入非覆盖区域之前，更新节能参数的流程。
当UE或网络侧检测到UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域时，UE或者网络侧可以采用AN流程释放连接态(RRC_CONNECTED)。下面结合S501-S504作示例性说明。
S501，UE向RAN发送RRC消息。
示例性地，当UE检测到即将离开卫星的覆盖区域时，UE可以向RAN发送RRC消息以请求释放RRC连接。
S502，RAN基于卫星覆盖信息触发AN释放流程。
示例性地，如果RAN根据覆盖信息检测到UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域，或者RAN在S501接收到来自UE的释放RRC连接的请求，则RAN可以触发AN释放过程(AN  release procedure)，使UE在进入非覆盖区域之前，进入IDLE态。
S503，RAN向AMF发送UE上下文释放请求消息。
基于S502，RAN向AMF发送UE上下文释放请求消息(UE Context Release Request message)，以请求释放UE的上下文。
S504，AMF基于卫星覆盖信息触发AN释放流程。
示例性地，如果AMF根据覆盖信息检测到UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域，或者AMF在S503接收到来自RAN的释放UE上下文的请求，则AMF可以在UE进入非覆盖区域之前，触发AN释放过程使UE在进入IDLE态。
S505，AMF确定节能参数。
示例性地，AMF根据非连续覆盖信息(discontinuous coverage information)为UE确定节能参数(power saving parameters)，其中，AMF可根据RAN的卫星辅助信息(satellite assistance information)(例如卫星id、卫星星历等)获取覆盖信息。节能参数可以包括周期性注册定时器和激活时间。
S506，AMF向UE发送节能参数。
作为一种可能的实现方式，AMF可以通过UE配置更新(UE configuration update，UCU)流程向UE发送节能参数。
S507，SMF向RAN发送UE上下文释放命令(UE Context Release Command)。
S508，RAN和UE执行AN连接释放过程。
示例性地，RAN请求UE释放AN连接。在从UE接收到AN连接释放确认后，RAN删除UE的上下文。
S509，RAN向AMF发送UE上下文释放完成(UE Context Release Complete)消息。
S510，AMF想SMF发送UE上下文释放完成(UE Context Release Complete)消息。
为了便于理解本申请实施例，做出以下几点说明。
第一，在本申请中，“用于指示”可以理解为“使能”，“使能”可以包括直接使能和间接使能。当描述某一信息用于使能A时，可以包括该信息直接使能A或间接使能A，而并不代表该信息中一定携带有A。
将信息所使能的信息称为待使能信息，则具体实现过程中，对待使能信息进行使能的方式有很多种，例如但不限于，可以直接使能待使能信息，如待使能信息本身或者该待使能信息的索引等。也可以通过使能其他信息来间接使能待使能信息，其中该其他信息与待使能信息之间存在关联关系。还可以仅仅使能待使能信息的一部分，而待使能信息的其他部分则是已知的或者提前约定的。例如，还可以借助预先约定(例如协议规定)的各个信息的排列顺序来实现对特定信息的使能，从而在一定程度上降低使能开销。同时，还可以识别各个信息的通用部分并统一使能，以降低单独使能同样的信息而带来的使能开销。
第二，在本申请中示出的第一、第二以及各种数字编号(例如，“#1”、“#2”等)仅为描述方便，用于区分的对象，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同消息等。而不是用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样描述的对象在适当情况下可以互换，以便能够描述本申请的实施例以外的方案。
第三，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的 那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
第四，在本申请中，“预配置”可包括预先定义，例如，协议定义。其中，“预先定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括各个网元)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
第五，本申请实施例中涉及的“保存”，可以是指的保存在一个或者多个存储器中。所述一个或者多个存储器，可以是单独的设置，也可以是集成在编码器或者译码器，处理器、或通信装置中。所述一个或者多个存储器，也可以是一部分单独设置，一部分集成在译码器、处理器、或通信装置中。存储器的类型可以是任意形式的存储介质，本申请并不对此限定。
第六，本申请实施例中涉及的“协议”可以是指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括5G协议、新空口(new radio，NR)协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
第七，本申请说明书附图部分的方法流程图中的虚线框表示可选的步骤。
以下，以网元之间的交互为例详细说明本申请实施例提供的通信方法。应理解，本申请中的各实施例中术语和步骤可以互相参考。
图6的(a)示出了本申请实施例提供的方法600的示例性流程图。下面结合图6的(a)中的各个步骤对方法600作示例性说明。
S601，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#1。
可选地，在S601之前，网络设备根据卫星的覆盖信息以及终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长。对于没有移动性的终端设备，即位置固定的终端设备，该终端设备的位置信息包括终端设备当前所处的位置的信息；对于在有限区域内移动的终端设备，或者对于运动轨迹已知的终端设备，或者对于运动轨迹可预测的终端设备，该终端设备的位置信息包括终端设备当前所处的位置的信息和终端设备的运动特性参数(如终端设备的移动速度、移动方向、移动轨迹等)。可以理解的是，网络设备也可以从网络数据分析功能网元获取的终端设备的运动特性参数。
网络设备确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长后，根据该时长确定定时器#1，其中，该定时器#1用于指示终端设备向网络设备发起周期性连接建立的时长#1，该时长#1大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。这里的周期性连接建立，可以指的是周期性注册，或者周期性跟踪区更新；这里的网络设备可以指的是移动管理功能网元，或移动管理实体。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的卫星还可以替换为星座，例如，S601还可以是：网络设备根据终端设备在星座的覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#1。此时，网络设备可以根据终端设备在星座的覆盖区域的时长，确定定时器#1。
还可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的定时器#1也可以是其他类型的定时器，例如，该定时器#1为用于指示网络设备向终端设备发起寻呼的时长的定时器，本申请不作限定。
在一种实现方式中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息，网络设备可以根据该第一指示信息，确定该定时器#1，其中该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数，该节能参数包括周期性注册定时器。其中，该节 能参数还可以包括其他任意用于节能的信息，例如激活时间。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的定时器#1是一种节能参数，因此，在一种实例中，该第一指示信息还可以描述为：该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#1；或者，该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活周期性注册定时器。网络设备可以根据该第一指示信息确定终端设备支持节能参数，然后网络设备为终端设备确定某一种或多种节能参数(例如本申请实施例中的定时器#1)。终端设备可以在初始注册流程向网络设备发送该第一指示信息，也可以在其他流程向网络设备发送该第一指示信息，本申请不作限定。
S602，网络设备向终端设备发送定时器#1。
示例性地，网络设备确定定时器#1之后，将该定时器#1发送给终端设备，并向终端设备指示在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活定时器#1。
可选地，网络设备还可以向终端设备发送定时器#2，该定时器#2用于指示终端设备向网络设备发起周期性连接建立的时长#2。例如，网络设备根据配置信息和/或终端设备的能力信息确定定时器#2，然后将该定时器#2发送给终端设备，并向该终端设备指示在卫星覆盖区域进入空闲态的情况下激活定时器#2。
可以理解的是，网络设备可以在同一条消息中向终端设备发送定时器#1和定时器#2，也可以在不同的消息中向终端设备发送定时器#1和定时器#2，本申请不作限定。
还可以理解的是，网络设备可以通过显性的信元向终端设备指示在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活定时器#1，以及在卫星覆盖区域进入空闲态的情况下激活定时器#2。例如，网络设备在向终端设备发送定时器#1时携带一个与该定时器#1关联的指示信息#1，在向终端设备发送定时器#2时携带一个与该定时器#2关联的指示信息#2，其中，该指示信息#1用于向终端设备指示在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活定时器#1，该指示信息#2用于向该终端设备指示在卫星覆盖区域进入空闲态的情况下激活定时器#2。或者，网络设备也可以通过隐性的方式向终端设备指示在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活定时器#1，以及在卫星覆盖区域进入空闲态的情况下激活定时器#2。例如，网络设备依次向终端设备发送定时器#1和定时器#2，并隐性指示先发送的定时器用于在离开卫星覆盖区域的时候使用，后发送的定时器用于在覆盖区域进入空闲态的时候使用。又例如，网络设备在同一个消息中携带定时器#1和定时器#2，并隐性指示承载于该消息中前几个字段的定时器用于在离开卫星覆盖区域时使用，承载于该消息中后几个字段的定时器用于在覆盖区域进入空闲态的时候使用。
S603，终端设备在确定离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#1。
示例性地，终端设备可以根据卫星的星历信息确定是否自身是否位于卫星否覆盖区域。在终端设备确定离开卫星覆盖区域时，则激活定时器#1。
可选地，如果终端设备还接收到了定时器#2，则终端设备在确定进入空闲态，且处于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#2。当终端设备离开覆盖区域时，终端设备停止计时器#2，或者说，终端设备删除计时器#2。也就是说，当终端设备离开覆盖区域，进入非覆盖区域时，终端设备激活定时器#1，如果此时定时器#2还未到期，则停止(或者说删除)定时器#2。
S604，在网络设备确定终端设备离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#1。
示例性地，网络设备可以根据卫星的覆盖信息和终端设备的位置信息，确定终端设备是否离开了卫星的覆盖区域，或者说，确定终端设备是否进入了卫星的非覆盖区域。在确定终端设备离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#1。
可选地，如果网络设备还确定定时器#2，则在终端设备进入空闲态，且处于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#2。当终端设备离开覆盖区域时，网络设备停止计时器#2，或者说，网络设备删除计时器#2。
可选地，如果终端设备不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数(如定时器#1)。在这种情况下，终端设备可以在即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，向网络设备发送注册请求消息。可以理解的是，该方案可以在S601-S604之后执行，也可以在其他流程中执行。例如，终端设备可以在确定不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，向网络设备发起初始注册流程。
其中，终端设备可以根据终端设备的位置信息，以及该卫星的星历信息，确定终端设备是否即将离开卫星的覆盖范围。例如，在终端设备确定该终端设备的位置距离该卫星的覆盖区域的边界的长度小于第一门限值的情况下，终端设备确定即将离开卫星的覆盖区域；又例如，在终端设备确定该终端设备距离离开该卫星的覆盖范围的时间小于第二门限值的情况下，终端设备确定即将离开卫星的覆盖范围。可选地，终端设备还可以在该注册请求消息中携带第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示终端设备即将离开卫星的覆盖范围。可以理解的是，该注册请求消息可以是一种新的类型的注册请求消息，即该注册请求消息可以对应一种新的类型的注册流程。
对应地，网络设备接收来自终端设备的注册请求消息之后，可以在确定终端设备即将离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该卫星的覆盖信息确定第三定时器，其中，该第三定时器用于指示该终端设备向网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第三时长，该第三时长大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。其中，网络设备可以根据终端设备发送的第二指示信息，或者，根据终端设备的位置信息和卫星的覆盖信息确定终端设备是否即将离开卫星的覆盖范围。例如，在网络设备确定该终端设备的位置距离该卫星的覆盖区域的边界的长度小于第一门限值的情况下，网络设备确定终端设备即将离开卫星的覆盖范围；又例如，在网络设备确定该终端设备距离离开该卫星的覆盖范围的时间小于第二门限值的情况下，网络设备确定终端设备即将离开卫星的覆盖范围。进一步地，网络设备向终端设备发送注册接受消息，并在该注册接受消息中携带第三定时器。终端设备接收来自网络设备的该注册接受消息，并从该注册接受消息中获得第三定时器。终端设备在进入空闲态的情况下，激活该第三定时器。对应地，网络设备在确定终端设备进入空闲态的情况下，激活该第三定时器。在上述方案中，网络设备向终端设备发送用于指示终端设备发起周期性连接建立的定时器#1，且该定时器#1指示的时长#1大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长。因此，终端设备在确定离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，可以通过激活该定时器#1，防止在卫星非覆盖区域发起周期性连接建立，以节省资源。
图6的(b)示出了本申请实施例提供的方法610的示意性流程图。下面结合图6的(b)中的各个步骤对方法610作示例性说明。
S611，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星在非覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#3。
可选地，在S611之前，网络设备根据卫星的覆盖信息以及终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长以及在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长。
在确定了终端设备在卫星在非覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的覆盖区域的时长之后，根据这两个时长确定定时器#3。该定时器#3用于指示终端设备向网络设备发起周期性连接建立的时长#3，该时长#3大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长和终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长之和。
可选地，在S612，网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#4到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域。
示例性地，在S611之前，网络设备还可确定定时器#4，该定时器#4用于指示终端设备向网络设备发起周期性连接建立的时长#4。例如，网络设备根据配置信息和/或终端设备的能力信息等确定了定时器#4，然后根据卫星的覆盖信息和终端设备的位置信息，判断终端设备在定时器#4到期时，是否位于卫星的非覆盖区域。在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#4到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备执行S611。换句话说，在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#4到期时位于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备可以不确定定时器#3，而是向终端设备发送定时器#4。
S613，网络设备向终端设备发送定时器#3。
示例性地，网络设备确定定时器#3之后，将该定时器#3发送给终端设备。可选地，网络设备还可以向终端设备指示在进入空闲态的情况下激活该定时器#3。
S614a，终端设备在进入空闲态的情况下，激活定时器#3。
可选地，S614b，网络设备在确定终端设备进入空闲态的情况下，激活定时器#3。
在上述方案中，网络设备向终端设备发送用于指示终端设备发起周期性连接建立的定时器#3，且该定时器#3指示的时长#3大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长和终端设备位于覆盖区域的时长。因此，终端设备在进入空闲态的情况下，可以通过激活该定时器#3，防止为卫星非覆盖区域发起周期性连接建立，以节省资源。
图6的(c)提供了本申请实施例提供的方法620的示意性框图。下面结合图6的(c)对方法600作示例性说明。
S621，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#5。
可选地，在S621之前，网络设备根据卫星的覆盖信息以及终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和非覆盖区域的时长。网络设备确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域和位于非覆盖区域的时长后，根据该时长确定定时器#5，该定时器#5用于指示网络设备去注册终端设备的时长#5，或者说，用于指示网络设备保存终端设备的上下文的时长#5。在移动可达定时器超时后，网络设备在定时器#5指示的时长#5内保持终端设备的上下文。该时长#5大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长之和。
可以理解的是，网络设备确定定时器#5的具体实现方式与上述方法610中的S611中确定定时器#3的方案类似，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在S622，网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#6到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域。
示例性地，在S621之前，网络设备还确定可定时器#6，该定时器#6用于指示网络设备去注册终端设备的时长#6。例如，网络设备根据配置信息和/或终端设备的能力信息等确 定了定时器#6，然后根据卫星的覆盖信息和终端设备的位置信息，判断终端设备在定时器#6到期时，是否位于卫星的非覆盖区域。在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#6到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备执行S621。换句话说，在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#6到期时位于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备可以不确定定时器#5，而是只确定定时器#6。
S623，在移动可达定时器到期的情况下，网络设备激活定时器#5。
示例性地，在终端设备的非接入层信令连接释放时，网络设备激活移动可达定时器。在移动可达定时器到期的情况下，网络设备激活定时器#5。也就是说，在移动可达定时器到期(或者说超时)后，可认为终端设备脱离了网络覆盖范围，但在这种情况下，网络设备通常可以不会立即隐式去注册用户该终端设备，而是启动定时器#5。该定时器#5到期之前，网络设备不对终端设备进行寻呼，或者，网络设备拒绝其他网络侧的网元对终端设备发起的寻呼。如果在定时器#5到期时，终端设备仍未接入网络，那么网络设备隐式去注册该终端设备。
通过上述方案，网络设备根据终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#5，并使得该定时器#5对应的时长#5大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长和终端设备位于覆盖区域的时长，可以避免终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域时，网络设备去注册/去附着终端设备。这样防止因为网络非连续覆盖导致终端设备被去注册而导致终端设备在有网络覆盖时重新发注册流程，从而需要重新对终端设备进行鉴权、授权、建立终端设备的上下文，本申请的方案则可以实现资源节省。
图6的(d)提供了本申请实施例提供的方法630的示意性框图。下面结合图6的(d)对方法630作示例性说明。
S631，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#7。
可选地，在S631之前，网络设备根据卫星的覆盖信息以及终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备位于卫星的覆盖区域的时长和位于非覆盖区域的时长。网络设备确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和位于非覆盖区域的时长后，根据该时长确定定时器#7，该定时器#7用于指示网络设备不去注册终端设备的时长#7。该时长#7大于或等于终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长之和。其中，该定时器#7的作用还可以描述为用于监测终端设备是否发起周期性注册更新流程。
可以理解的是，网络设备确定定时器#7的具体实现方式与上述方法610中的S611中确定定时器#3的方案类似，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在S632，网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#8到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域。
示例性地，在S631之前，网络设备还确定可定时器#8，该定时器#8用于指示网络设备去注册终端设备的时长#8。例如，网络设备根据配置信息和/或终端设备的能力信息等确定了定时器#8，然后根据卫星的覆盖信息和终端设备的位置信息，判断终端设备在定时器#8到期时，是否位于卫星的非覆盖区域。在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#8到期时位于卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备执行S631。换句话说，在网络设备确定终端设备在定时器#8到期时位于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备可以不确定定时器#7，而只是确定定时器#8。
S633，在确定终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下，网络设备激活定时器#7。
示例性地，在终端设备的非接入层信令连接释放时，网络设备激活定时器#7。在定时器#7到期前，网络设备保留终端设备的上下文。
在上述方案中，网络设备确定定时器#7，且定时器#7指示的时长#7大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长和终端设备位于覆盖区域的时长之和，从而可以避免终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域时，终端设备无法发起周期性注册/跟踪区更新流程，而导致网络设备认为终端设备脱离了网络覆盖范围而启动去注册/去附着定时器，并在去注册/去附着定时器到期或超时时，去注册/附着该终端设备。这样防止因为网络非连续覆盖导致终端设备被去注册/去附着而导致终端设备在有网络覆盖时重新发注册/附着流程，从而需要重新对终端设备进行鉴权、授权、建立终端设备的上下文，本申请的方案则可以实现资源节省。
图6的(e)提供了本申请实施例提供的方法640的示意性流程图。下面结合图6的(e)对方法640作示例性说明。
S641，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#9。
可选地，在S641之前，网络设备根据卫星的覆盖信息以及终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长。具体实现方式可参考方法600中的S601，这里不再赘述。
网络设备确定终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长后，根据该时长确定定时器#9。该定时器#9用于在终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下使用。这里的网络设备可以指的是移动管理功能网元，或移动管理实体。
在一种实现方式(记为方式I)中，该定时器#9指示网络设备去注册终端设备的时长#9，或者说，指示网络设备保存终端设备的上下文的时长#9。也就是说，该定时器#9可对应于去注册定时器。该时长#9大于或等于终端设备位于非覆盖区域的时长。
在另一种实现方式(记为方式II)中，该定时器#9指示网络设备不去注册终端设备的时长#9，或者，该定时器#9用于指示监测终端设备是否发起周期性注册更新流程的时长#9。也就是说，该定时器#9可对应于移动可达定时器。
可选地，网络设备还确定定时器#10。例如，网络设备根据配置信息和/或终端设备的能力信息确定定时器#10。该定时器#10用于在终端设备位于覆盖区域的情况下使用，
S642，网络设备在确定终端设备离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#9。
示例性地，网络设备可以根据卫星的覆盖信息和终端设备的位置信息，确定终端设备是否离开了卫星的覆盖区域，或者说，确定终端设备是否进入了卫星的非覆盖区域。在确定终端设备离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，激活定时器#9。
可选地，如果网络设备还确定了定时器#10，则在终端设备位于覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备可以根据自身设定的机制激活定时器#10。例如，在定时器#10为去注册定时器的情况下，网络设备在确定移动可达定时器到期时，如果终端设备位于覆盖区域，则网络设备激活定时器#10；又例如，在定时器#10为移动可达定时器的情况下，网络设备在确定终端设备的非接入层信令释放，且终端设备位于卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，网络设备激活定时器#10。
在上述方案中，网络设备根据终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定定时器#9，且该定时器#1指示的时长#1大于或等于终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长。因此可以 避免终端设备位于卫星非覆盖区域时，网络设备去注册/去附着终端设备。这样可以防止由于网络非连续覆盖导致终端设备被去注册，而导致终端设备在有网络覆盖时重新发注册流程，从而需要重新对终端设备进行鉴权、授权、建立终端设备的上下文，本申请的方案则可以实现资源节省。
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的方法700的示例性流程图。在方法700中，AMF向UE提供了用于UE在非覆盖区域时使用的节能参数#1，既可以实现UE在非覆盖区域的节能特性，又可以避免需要多次为UE更新节能参数的情况。下面结合图7中的各个步骤对方法700作示例性说明。
S701，UE向AMF发送注册请求(Registration request)消息。对应地，AMF接收来自UE的该注册请求消息。
示例性地，UE通过RAN向AMF发送注册请求消息以触发注册流程(Registration procedure)。应理解，方法600是将本申请提供的方法应用于5G通信系统为例进行说明的，但应理解，本申请提供的方法还可以应用于其他通信系统，例如4G通信系统或未来6G通信系统。当本实施例应用于4G通信系统时，方法600中的AMF可以替换为MME，此时方法600中的注册流程可替换为附着流程(Attach procedure)，或跟踪区更新(tracking area update，TAU)流程，例如S701可替换为：UE通过RAN向MME发送附着请求(Attach Request)消息，以触发附着流程。
S702，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息(satellite coverage information)和UE的位置信息确定节能参数#1。
示例性地，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息和UE的位置信息确定UE位于非覆盖区域的时长，然后AMF根据该时长确定节能参数#1，其中，该节能参数#1包括周期性注册定时器#1，该周期性注册定时器#1对应的时长大于或等于UE位于非覆盖区域的时长，该节能参数#1用于UE在非覆盖区域时使用。因此S702还可以描述为：AMF根据UE位于非覆盖区域的时长确定节能参数#1。还可以描述为：AMF根据UE的非连续覆盖信息确定节能参数。
例如，假设UE位于非覆盖区域的时长，或者卫星网络提供的非覆盖区域的时长为10小时。那么AMF可以确定如下一项或多项信息：
1)周期性定时器#1对应的时长大于或等于10小时。
2)激活时间对应的时长为0。
3)移动性可达定时器对应的时长大于或等于10小时。
4)去注册/去附着定时器对应的时长大于或等于10小时。
其中3)和4)为移动性管理参数#1。
对于没有移动性的UE，即位置固定的UE，该UE的位置信息包括UE当前所处的位置(UE location)的信息；对于在有限区域内移动的UE，或者对于运动轨迹已知的UE，或者对于运动轨迹可预测的UE，该UE的位置信息包括UE当前所处的位置的信息和UE的运动特性参数(如UE的移动速度、移动方向、移动轨迹等)。
可以理解的是，AMF也可以从网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)网元获取的终端设备的运动特性参数。
还可以理解的是，AMF可以根据星历信息、UE的位置信息确定该卫星覆盖信息。因 此步骤S702还可以描述为：AMF根据星历信息、UE的位置信息确定节能参数#1。在4G通信系统中，本申请实施例中的周期性注册定时器，还可以替换为周期性跟踪区更新定时器(pTAU timer)，后续类似地方不再重复说明。
可选地，S703，AMF根据配置信息和/或UE能力信息等确定节能参数#2。
示例性地，AMF还可以确定节能参数#2，具体方式可参考现有协议，这里不再赘述。需要说明的是，该节能参数#2包括激活时间和/或周期性注册定时器#2，该节能参数#2用于UE在覆盖区域且进入IDLE态时使用。
需要说明的是，AMF还可以确定移动性管理参数#2。当UE在卫星覆盖区域时，AMF采用移动性管理参数#2。
S704，AMF向UE发送注册接受(Registration Accept)消息，该注册接受消息包括节能参数#1，可选地，还包括节能参数#2。对应地，UE接收来自AMF的该注册接受消息。
需要说明是，本申请实施例是以AMF在注册流程确定节能参数#1和节能参数#2，并向UE提供节能参数#1和节能参数#2为例进行说明的，但AMF还可以在其他流程中(或其他时机)确定节能参数#1和节能参数#2，例如，AMF可以在UCU流程确定节能参数#1和节能参数#2，本申请不作限定。
还需要说明的是，AMF还可以在不同流程(或者时机)确定节能参数#1和节能参数#2，例如，AMF在注册流程确定节能参数#1，在UCU流程确定节能参数#2，本申请不作限定。
需要说明的是，对于移动性管理参数，例如移动性可达定时器、去注册/去附着定时器，注册接受消息中无需包含上述移动性管理参数。
可选地，S705a，在UE进入IDLE态且位于覆盖区域时，UE激活节能参数#2。
示例性地，在UE接收到了来自AMF的节能参数#2的情况下，如果UE位于覆盖区域并进入了IDLE态，则UE激活节能参数#2，例如，UE激活周期性注册定时器#2，并在周期性注册定时器#2到期后，发起周期性注册流程。
可选地，S705b，在UE进行IDLE态且位于覆盖区域时，AMF激活节能参数#2。
示例性地，在AMF向UE发送了节能参数#2的情况下，如果该UE位于覆盖区域并进入了IDLE态，则AMF激活节能参数#2，例如，AMF激活激活时间，在激活时间到期之前，AMF可以对UE进行寻呼。
S706a，UE在离开覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数#1。
示例性地，在UE离开覆盖区域的情况下，或者说，在UE进入非覆盖区域时，UE激活节能参数#1，例如，UE激活周期性注册定时器#1，并在周期性注册定时器#1到期后，发起周期性注册流程。应理解，如果在进入非覆盖区域时，节能参数#2还处于激活状态，或者说，节能参数#2对应的激活时间或周期性注册定时器#2还没有计时结束，则UE停止该节能参数#2对应的定时器。其中，UE停止该节能参数#2对应的定时器，还可以描述为UE删除该节能参数#2对应的定时器。还应理解，UE可以根据卫星的星历信息确定自身何时离开卫星覆盖区域，具体方式本申请不作限定。
示例性地，当UE进入非覆盖区域时，UE激活节能参数#1，例如UE激活激活时间。此时激活时间为0。
需要说明的是，UE也可以在离开非覆盖区域，或者说UE可以在重新进入覆盖区域 时，发起周期性注册流程。也就是说，UE在离开非覆盖区域时，若节能参数#1对应的定时器(如周期性注册定时器#1)还没有到期，UE可以停止该定时器，并发起周期性注册流程。
S706b，AMF在确定UE离开覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数#1。
示例性地，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息确定UE离开覆盖区域时，激活节能参数#1。具体例如，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息确定UE离开覆盖区域的时间，或者说，确定UE进入非覆盖区域的时间，并在这个时间激活节能参数#1。例如，AMF在确定UE进入非覆盖区域的时间，激活周期性注册定时器#1。
示例性地，AMF在确定UE离开覆盖区域的情况下，激活移动性管理参数#1。
在上述方案中，AMF可以向终端设备提供两套节能参数，其中一套节能参数(节能参数#2)用于UE在空闲态且位于覆盖区域的情况下使用，另一套节能参数(节能参数#1)用于UE在离开覆盖区域的情况下使用。通过对节能参数#1包含的定时器的时长进行设计，可以使得UE在覆盖区域不发起周期性注册，以及UE发起周期性注册时(或者说被唤醒时，或者说周期性注册定时器到期时)，处于卫星的覆盖区域。
另外，在上述方案中，AMF可以确定两套移动性管理参数，其中一套移动性管理参数(移动性管理参数#2)用于UE位于覆盖区域的情况下使用，另一套移动性管理参数(移动性管理参数#1)用于UE离开覆盖区域的情况下使用。通过对移动性管理参数#1对应的时长进行合理设计，可以使得UE位于非覆盖区域时，不去注册/去附着UE，从而避免UE重新入网所需的重新鉴权、授权、建立UE上下文等过程，实现资源或信令的节省。
图8示出了本申请实施例提供的方法800的示例性流程图。在方法800中，AMF通过合理设置节能参数，可以使得UE在节能参数到期时，UE位于覆盖区域内，因此可以保证UE在非覆盖区域的节能特性。下面结合图8中的各个步骤对方法800作示例性说明。
可选地，S801，AMF确定触发AN release流程。
应理解，S801可参考方法500中S501-S504部分的描述，这里不再赘述。
还应理解，S801为可选步骤。S801可以替换为AMF接收到来自UE的注册请求消息，即AMF可以在UE触发的注册流程(例如周期性注册流程，或者初始注册流程)执行本申请实施例的后续方案。或者，AMF也可能在其他时机或者流程执行后续操作，本申请不作限定。
S802，AMF根据配置信息和/或UE能力信息等确定节能参数#2，该节能参数#2包括激活时间和/或周期性注册定时器#2，该节能参数#2用于UE在进入IDLE态时使用。
应理解，S802与方法700中的S703类似，这里不再赘述。
S803，AMF判断UE在节能参数#2中的定时器到期时是否位于覆盖区域。
可以理解的是，对于移动性管理参数，AMF判断移动性管理参数#2中的定时器到期时是否位于覆盖区域。
示例性地，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息和UE的位置信息，确定UE位于覆盖区域的时长，或者说，确定UE将要离开覆盖区域的时长，或者说，确定UE离进入非覆盖区域的时长。
对于没有移动性的UE，即位置固定的UE，该UE的位置信息包括UE当前位置(UE  location)的信息；对于在有限区域内移动的UE，或者对于运动轨迹已知的UE，或者对于运动轨迹可预测的UE，该UE的位置信息包括该UE当前位置的信息和该UE的运动特性参数(如UE的移动速度、移动方向、运动轨迹等)确定UE位于覆盖区域的时长。
例如，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息，以及UE的位置信息，确定UE位于覆盖区域的时长为20min，表示UE还可以被卫星覆盖20min，或者表示UE还有20min离开覆盖区域，或者表示UE还有20min进入非覆盖区域。
然后AMF判断UE在节能参数#2中的定时器到期时是否位于覆盖区域，或者说，AMF判断节能参数#2中的定时器所对应的时间是否包括在UE位于覆盖区域的时间内。例如，节能参数#2中的激活时间和周期性注册定时器#2对应的时间分别为5min和10min，UE位于覆盖区域的时长为20min，由于5min和10min均小于20min，因此AMF确定UE在节能参数#2中的定时器到期时位于覆盖区域。又例如，节能参数#2中的激活时间和周期性注册定时器#2对应的时间分别为10min和30min，UE位于覆盖区域的时长为20min，由于30min大于20min，因此AMF确定UE在节能参数#2中的定时器到期时不位于覆盖区域(或者说位于非覆盖区域)。
再例如，移动性管理参数#2中的移动性可达定时器、去注册/去附着定时器对应的时间分别为5min和10min，UE位于覆盖区域的时长为20min，由于5min和10min均小于20min，因此AMF确定UE在移动性管理参数#2中的定时器到期时位于覆盖区域。又例如，移动性管理参数#2中的移动性可达定时器、去注册/去附着定时器对应的时间分别为10min和30min，UE位于覆盖区域的时长为20min，由于30min大于20min，因此AMF确定UE在移动性管理参数#2中的定时器到期时不位于覆盖区域(或者说位于非覆盖区域)。
在AMF确定UE在节能参数#2或移动性管理参数#2中的定时器到期时位于覆盖区域的情况下，AMF执行如图8中的情况A所对应的流程；在AMF确定UE在节能参数#2或移动性管理参数#2中的定时器到期时不位于覆盖区域的情况下，AMF执行如图8中的情况B所对应的流程。下面分别对情况A和情况B所对应的流程进行示例性说明。
情况A：
S804，AMF向UE发送节能参数#2。对应地，UE接收来自AMF的该节能参数#2。
需要说明的是，对于移动性管理参数，无需执行S804。或者说S804替换为：AMF确定移动性管理参数为移动性管理参数#2。
情况B：
S805，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息和UE的位置信息确定节能参数#3。
示例性地，AMF根据覆盖信息，以及UE的位置信息，确定UE位于非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长，然后根据这两个时长确定节能参数#3，其中节能参数#3包括激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器#3，该激活时间#3小于或等于UE位于覆盖区域的时长，该周期性注册定时器#3对应的时长大于或等于UE位于非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长之和。S805还可以描述为：AMF根据UE位于非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长，确定节能参数#3。
需要说明的是，对于移动性管理参数，AMF根据UE位于非覆盖区域的时长和位于覆盖区域的时长，确定移动性管理参数#3。
S806，AMF向UE发送节能参数#1，对应地，UE接收来自AMF的该节能参数#3。
需要说明的是，对于移动性管理参数，无需执行S806。
S807，UE在进入IDLE态时，激活节能参数#2/节能参数#3。
示例性地，如果UE接收到的是节能参数#2，则在UE进入IDLE态时，激活节能参数#2；如果UE接收到的节能参数#3，则在UE进入IDLE态的时，激活节能参数#3。
在上述方案中，通过对节能参数进行合理设计，可以使得UE在覆盖区域不发起周期性注册，以及UE发起周期性注册时(或者说被唤醒时，或者说周期性注册定时器到期时)，处于卫星的覆盖区域，从而可以节省UE的资源。
另外，在上述方案中，通过对移动性管理参数进行合理设计，可以使得UE位于非覆盖区域时不被去注册/去附着，从而避免UE重新入网所需的重新鉴权、授权、建立UE上下文等过程，实现资源或信令的节省。
下面结合图9对UE激活节能参数#3的可能情况作示例性说明。
如图9所示，时间x为UE进入IDLE态的时间，因此，UE在时间x激活节能参数#3。在图9所示的示例中，以激活时间#3对应UE位于覆盖区域的时长(如图9的情况I中激活时间#3对应的箭头所示)、周期性注册定时器#3对应UE位于覆盖区域的时长和非覆盖区域的时长(如图9的情况I中周期性注册定时器#3对应的箭头所示)为例进行说明。因此，在情况I中，UE进入IDLE态时激活节能参数#3，在UE从覆盖区域进入到非覆盖区域时，激活时间#3到期，因此在覆盖区域，激活时间#3处于计时阶段，网络侧可以对UE进行寻呼，在UE进入非覆盖区域后，激活时间#3到期，网络侧不再对UE进行寻呼，从而节省资源；在UE从非覆盖区域重新进入到覆盖区域时，周期性注册定时器#3到期，也就是说，在非覆盖区域，周期性注册定时器#3处于计时阶段，UE不发起周期性注册流程，从而可以节省资源。
在情况II中，UE在时间x激活节能参数#3之后的时间y，UE被网络侧唤醒，进入连接态，假设在时间y之后UE又立刻进入了IDLE态，在这种情况下，UE和网络侧在时间y之后重新激活节能参数#3，即重新激活激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器#3。因此，在情况II中，UE在进入非覆盖区域的(y-x)时间后该激活时间#3才到期，然而在进入覆盖区域的这(y-x)时间内，UE处于非覆盖区域，即处于不可达状态，网络侧可能会在这段时间内对UE进行寻呼，从而造成资源浪费；类似地，UE在时间y重新激活周期性注册定时器#3，并在UE从非覆盖区域重新进入到覆盖区域的(y-x)时间后该周期性注册定时器#3到期，然而在UE重新进入覆盖区域的(y-x)时间内，UE处于覆盖区域，但由于在这个时间段内周期性注册定时器#3还在计时阶段，从UE侧，UE认为定时器没有到期不会主动发起周期性注册流程；从网络侧，网络侧会认为UE仍处于不可达状态，因此便不会对UE进行寻呼，从而影响UE和网络侧之间的通信。示例性地，假设UE位于覆盖区域的时间为10min，UE位于非覆盖区域的时间为30min，时间x为1点钟，时间y为1点零5分，因此时间z为1点10分，时间m为1点40分，激活时间#3对应的时长为10min，周期性注册定时器#3对应的时长为40min。UE在1点钟激活节能参数#3，激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器#3开始计时。在计时5min之后，即在时间y，UE被唤醒进入连接态后，又重新进入了IDLE态，此时UE重新对激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器开始计时。在这种情况下，激活时间#3到期的时间为1点15分，周期性注册定时器#3到期的时间为 1点45分。因此，UE在激活时间#3到期时，位于非覆盖区域；UE在周期性注册定时器#3到期时位于覆盖区域。
基于情况II所存在的问题，图9中的情况III提出了另一种可能的实现方式。在情况III中，UE在时间x激活激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器#3，当UE在时间y重新被唤醒之后，UE不停止对激活时间#3和周期性注册定时器#3的计时，在重新进入连接态之后，也不重新计时，而是继续之前在时间x激活的计时。因此，在情况III中，UE在时间x激活节能参数#3，在UE从覆盖区域进入到非覆盖区域时，激活时间#3到期，因此在覆盖区域，激活时间#3在计时阶段，网络侧可以对UE进行寻呼，在UE进入非覆盖区域后，激活时间#3到期，网络侧不再对UE进行寻呼，从而节省资源；在UE从非覆盖区域重新进入到覆盖区域时，周期性注册定时器#3到期，因此在非覆盖区域，周期性注册定时器#3在计时阶段，UE不发起周期性注册流程，从而可以节省资源。
可以理解的是，可以由UE激活上述机制。具体的，当UE判断采用非连续覆盖的卫星访问网络时，则激活上述机制，即在UE由空闲态重新进入连接态后，继续对周期性注册定时器#3计时，而不重新计时。其中，UE可以根据星历信息判断是否采用非连续覆盖的卫星接入网络。
可以理解的是，也可以由AMF激活上述机制。当AMF确定UE使用非连续覆盖的卫星访问网络时，采用上述机制，具体的AMF向UE发送第三指示信息，指示UE在由空闲态进入连接态后继续对周期性注册定时器#3计时。第三指示信息也可以描述为指示UE使用非连续覆盖的卫星接入网络，从而UE激活上述机制。
需要说明的是，还可以定义一种新的注册定时器类型，当UE接收到该类型的注册定时器时，则在UE由空闲态进入连接态时继续对注册定时器计时，而不重新计时。
图10示出了本申请实施例提供的方法1000的示例性流程图。在方法1000中，UE向AMF发送表明UE支持节能参数#1的指示信息，使得AMF合理确定是否激活UE离开卫星覆盖区域时的节能参数，避免无意义地激活该节能参数。下面结合图10中的各个步骤对方法1000作示例性说明。
S1001，UE向AMF发送注册请求(Registration request)消息。对应地，AMF接收来自UE的该注册请求消息。
示例性地，UE通过RAN向AMF发送注册请求消息以触发注册流程，该注册请求消息中包括指示信息#1，该指示信息#1用于指示UE支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，该节能参数包括周期性注册定时器。作为一种示例，该节能参数用于指示该UE向AMF发起周期性连接建立的时长，该时长大于或等于UE位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。其中，该周期性连接建立，可以是周期性注册，也可以是周期性跟踪区更新。该指示信息#1还可以描述为：指示信息#1用于指示UE支持在进入卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，或者指示信息#1用于指示UE支持根据卫星覆盖情况决定是否激活节能参数，或者指示信息#1用于指示UE支持未来节能参数(future power saving parameter)，其中，UE支持未来节能参数指的是：UE支持在满足某种预设条件的情况下，激活节能参数，或者是UE支持在未来某个特定时刻激活节能参数。也就是说，未来节能参数指的是UE在满足某种预设条件的情况下，或者是在未来某个特定时刻，激活使用的节能参数。还可以理解的是，这里的节能参数可以指的是任意用于节能的信息，例如可以是周期性注 册定时器，或激活时间，因此本申请实施例中的节能参数均可以替换为某种具体的参数，如周期性注册定时器。也就是说，在一种示例中，该指示信息#1还可以描述为：指示信息#1用于指示UE支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活周期性注册定时器，这里的周期性注册定时器可以指的是AMF在S1002根据指示信息#1确定的节能参数#1。
S1001是以UE在注册流程向AMF发送指示信息#1为例进行说明的，但可以理解的是，UE还可以在其他流程(或者说通过其他消息)向AMF发送该指示信息#1，例如，UE通过新增的NAS消息向AMF发送指示信息#1。
S1002，AMF根据指示信息#1确定节能参数#1。
示例性地，AMF接收来自UE的注册请求消息之后，根据该注册请求消息中携带的指示信息#1确定节能参数#1。以该节能参数#1为周期性注册定时器为例，该节能参数#1用于在UE离开卫星覆盖区域时，由UE和AMF激活使用该节能参数#1，也就是说，该节能参数#1是一种未来节能参数。具体来说，AMF根据指示信息#1确定UE支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数(即UE支持未来节能参数)，在这种情况下，可选地，AMF还可以根据UE的签约数据和/或策略信息判断网络侧是否允许/使能向UE发送节能参数#1，在允许/使能的情况下，AMF激活未来节能参数机制(即AMF确定未来节能参数，即节能参数#1)。可以理解的是，AMF可以从UDM获取UE的签约数据，从PCF获取UE的策略信息，具体方式本申请不作限定。
S1003，AMF向UE发送注册接受消息，该注册接受消息包括节能参数#1。对应地，UE接收来自AMF的注册接受消息。
可选地，在情况1中还包括如下步骤：
S1004a，在离开覆盖区域的情况下，UE激活节能参数#1。
S1004b，在确定UE离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，AMF激活节能参数#1。
S1004a和S1004b与方法700中的S706a和S706b类似，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
在上述方案中，AMF基于UE是否支持离开卫星覆盖时激活节能参数、以及签约数据/策略确定是否激活节能参数#1，避免无意义的激活节能参数#1。
图11示出了本申请实施例提供的方法1100的示意性流程图。在方法1100中，UE可以在UE不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，在即将离开卫星覆盖区域时向AMF发送注册请求消息。AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，为UE生成节能参数#3。
S1101，UE向AMF发送注册请求消息。对应地，AMF接收来自UE的该注册请求消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，UE可以在即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，向AMF发送注册请求消息。这里的注册请求消息可以是初始注册请求消息，也可以是周期性注册请求消息，本申请不做限定。其中，UE可以根据UE的位置信息和星历信息确定是否即将离开卫星覆盖区域。例如，UE根据UE的位置信息和星历信息确定UE与卫星覆盖区域的边界之间的距离小于第一门限值(例如1m)时，则UE认为即将离开卫星覆盖区域；又例如，UE根据UE的位置信息和星历信息确定UE距离离开卫星覆盖区域边界的时间小于第二门限值(例如1min)时，则UE认为即将离开卫星覆盖区域。
可选的，该注册请求消息中还可以携带指示信息#2，该指示信息#2用于指示UE即将 离开卫星覆盖区域。可以理解的是，这种情况下的注册请求消息是一种新的类型的注册请求消息，即该注册请求消息可以对应一种新的类型的注册流程。当UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域时，UE向AMF发送这种新的类型的注册请求消息，即这种新的类型的注册请求消息用于表明UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域。
可选地，UE可以在UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数的情况下，并且在即将离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下向AMF发送注册请求消息。例如，UE可以根据本地配置信息确定是否支持在UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，例如，UE的本地配置信息指示UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数。又例如，UE无法识别来自网络侧的节能参数的情况下，UE确定不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数。可选地，在这种情况下，UE可以向AMF发送指示信息#3，该指示信息#3用于指示UE不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，UE可以在初始注册流程向AMF发送该指示信息#3，也可以在其他流程发送该指示信息#3，本申请不作限定。可以理解的是，在这种实现方式中，UE可以先判断是否支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，再判断是否即将离开卫星的覆盖区域，在这种情况下，UE可以在确定不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数后，再判断是否即将离开卫星的覆盖区域。或者，UE可以先判断是否即将离开卫星的覆盖区域，再判断是否支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，本申请不作限定。
可选地，S1102，AMF确定UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域。
在一种实现方式中，在AMF接收到来自UE的指示信息#2和/或指示信息#3的情况下，AMF确定该UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域。
在另一种实现方式中，在AMF没有接收到来自UE的指示信息#2和/或指示信息#3的情况下，AMF确定该UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域。
在另一种实现方式中，AMF也可以基于UE的位置信息和星历信息确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域。例如，AMF根据UE的位置信息和星历信息确定UE与卫星的覆盖区域的边界之间的距离小于第一门限值(例如1m)时，则AMF确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域；又例如，AMF根据UE的位置信息和星历信息确定UE距离离开卫星的覆盖区域的边界的时间小于第二门限值(例如1min)时，则AMF确定UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域。
可以理解的是，AMF还可以通过上述三种实现方式中的任一种，确定UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数。例如，AMF在接收来自UE的指示信息#2和/或指示信息#3的情况下，确定UE不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数。
S1103，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息确定节能参数#3。
示例性地，AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，根据卫星覆盖信息确定节能参数#3。或者，AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，且UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，根据卫星覆盖信息确定节能参数#3。
S1104，AMF向UE发送注册接受消息，该注册接受消息包括节能参数#3。对应地，UE接收来自AMF的该节能参数#3。
可选地，该方法1100还可以包括以下步骤：
S1105a，UE在进入空闲态的情况下，激活节能参数#3。
S1105b，AMF在确定UE进入空闲态的情况下，激活节能参数#3。
上述方案是以AMF在UE的注册流程为UE生成节能参数#3为例进行说明的，但可以理解的是，AMF还可以在其他流程，如AN release流程中为UE生成节能参数#3。下面对这种情况作示例性说明。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AMF可以在触发AN release流程之前，为UE生成节能参数。例如由于出现未知错误等原因，AMF确定发起UE的AN release流程。AMF在向RAN发送UE上下文命令消息之前，向UE发送节能参数#3。可以理解的是，在这种实现方式中，UE可以在确定发起AN release流程之后，生成该节能参数#3，也可以在其他时机(例如在UE的注册流程中)预先生成该节能参数#3，本申请对比不作限定。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，AMF可以在触发AN release流程之后，在UE的接入网络被释放之前，为UE生成节能参数#3。例如，由于用户不活动、网管干扰等原因，RAN向AMF发起AN release流程。具体的，RAN向AMF发送UE上下文释放请求消息。AMF接收来自RAN的该UE上下文释放请求消息之后，以及在向RAN发送UE上下文释放命令之前，向UE发送该节能参数#3。
对应地，UE接收来自AMF的该节能参数#3。其中，节能参数#3可以携带在AMF发送至UE的NAS消息中，例如UE配置更新命令，或者下行NAS传输消息等。
上述两种方案是以AMF在UE的注册流程或其他流程中为UE生成节能参数#3，并向UE提供节能参数#3为例进行说明的。可以理解的是，AMF还可以生成节能参数#3，但并不向UE发送该节能参数#3。下面对这种情况作示例性说明。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下，或者是，AMF在确定UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域的时激活节能参数的情况下，AMF生成节能参数#3。其中该节能参数#3可以为去注册定时器。例如，AMF根据UE位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长确定去注册定时器，该去注册定时器所指示的时长大于或等于UE位于卫星非覆盖区域的时长。AMF可以在UE的NAS连接释放时激活移动可达定时器，并在移动可达定时器到期后，激活该去注册定时器；或者，AMF在确定UE进入卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，激活该去注册定时器。AMF在该去注册定时器计时期间，保留UE的上下文(即不去注册该UE)，从而可以保证UE在位于卫星的非覆盖区域时，不被AMF去注册。
其中，AMF确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的方法，以及AMF确定UE不支持在离开卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的方法，可以参考方法1100中S1101～S1102部分的描述，此处不再赘述。
在上述方案中，在UE发起的注册流程中，AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下为UE生成节能参数#3，保证UE在卫星非覆盖区域时的节能。
图12示出了本申请实施例提供的方法1200的示例性流程图。在方法1200中，在UE发起的注册流程中，AMF根据UE是否即将离开卫星覆盖区域判断是否更新UE的节能参数，从而保证UE在非覆盖区域的节能特性。下面结合图12中的各个步骤对方法1200作示例性说明。
S1201，UE向AMF发送注册请求(Registration request)消息。对应地，AMF接收来自UE的该注册请求消息。可选地，S1202，AMF根据UE签约数据和/或策略信息，确定为UE生成节能参数#1。
可选地，在AMF没有接收到来自UE的用于指示UE即将离开卫星的覆盖区域的指示信息(例如方法1100中的指示信息#2)的情况下，或者在AMF没有接收到来自UE的用于指示UE不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数的指示信息(例如方法1100中的指示信息#3)的情况下，AMF可以认为UE支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数，或者说AMF默认为UE生成节能参数#1。进一步地，AMF可以根据UE的签约数据和/或策略信息判断网络侧是否允许/使能向UE发送节能参数#1，该节能参数#1用于在UE离开卫星覆盖区域时，UE和AMF激活使用。在网络侧允许/使能的情况下，AMF执行S1203。
S1203，AMF根据卫星覆盖信息和UE的位置信息确定节能参数#1。具体过程与方法700中的S702类似，这里不再赘述。
S1204，AMF向UE发送注册接受消息，该注册接受消息包括节能参数#1。对应地，UE接收来自AMF的注册接受消息。
UE接收来自AMF的注册接受消息之后，进一步根据UE是否支持在UE离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数#1，执行后续方案。下面分别对这两种情况作示例性说明。
情形1：UE支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数#1。
S1205a，UE在离开覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数#1。
示例性地，在UE支持离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数#1的情况下，UE保存(或者说维护)节能参数#1，并在离开卫星覆盖区域时，激活节能参数#1。
S1205b，AMF在确定UE离开覆盖区域的情况下，激活节能参数#1。示例性地，AMF确定节能参数#1之后，保存节能参数#1。在UE没有重新向AMF发起注册流程，或者说，在AMF没有重新为UE确定新的节能参数的情况下，AMF在确定UE离开卫星覆盖区域时，激活该节能参数#1。
情况2：UE不支持在离开卫星覆盖区域时激活节能参数#1。
可以理解的是，情况2可对应于方法1100中的方案，S1206-S1210与方法1100中的S1101-S1105类似，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
在上述方案中，在UE发起的注册流程中，AMF在确定UE即将离开卫星覆盖区域的情况下更新UE的节能参数，保证因UE不支持离开卫星覆盖时启动节能参数#1时，AMF可以及时根据卫星覆盖信息更新UE的节能参数，保证UE在卫星非覆盖区域时的节能的效果。
相应于上述各方法实施例给出的方法，本申请实施例还提供了相应的装置，该装置包括用于执行上述各个方法实施例相应的模块。该模块可以是软件，也可以是硬件，或者是软件和硬件结合。可以理解的是，上述各方法实施例所描述的技术特征同样适用于以下装置实施例，因此，未详细描述的内容可以参见上文方法实施例，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
图13是本申请实施例提供的通信装置10的示意性框图。该装置10包括收发模块11和处理模块12。收发模块11可以实现相应的通信功能，处理模块12用于进行数据处理，或者说该收发模块11用于执行接收和发送相关的操作，该处理模块12用于执行除了接收和发送以外的其他操作。收发模块11还可以称为通信接口或通信单元。
可选地，该装置10还可以包括存储模块13，该存储模块13可以用于存储指令和/或数据，处理模块12可以读取存储模块中的指令和/或数据，以使得装置实现前述各个方法实施例中设备或网元的动作。
在第一种设计中，该装置10可对应于上文方法实施例中的终端设备(如方法600和方法610中的终端设备，或者是方法700、方法800、方法1000-方法1200中的AMF)，或者是移动管理网元的组成部件(如芯片)。
该装置10可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的终端设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发模块11可用于执行上文方法实施例中终端设备的收发相关的操作，处理模块12可用于执行上文方法实施例中终端设备的处理相关的操作。
在一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法1000-方法1200中的终端设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发模块11，用于接收来自网络设备的第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；处理模块12，用于在确定离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，激活述第一定时器。
在另一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法1000-方法1200中的终端设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，处理模块12，用于在确定即将离开卫星的覆盖范围区域的情况下，通过收发模块11向网络设备发送注册请求消息；收发模块11，还用于接收来自该网络设备的注册接受消息，该注册接受消息包括第三定时器，该第三定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第三时长，该第三时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；该处理模块12，还用于在该终端设备进入空闲态的情况下，激活该第三定时器。
在第二种设计中，该装置10可对应于上文方法实施例中的网络设备(如方法600和方法610中的网络设备，或者是方法700、方法800、方法1000-方法1200中的AMF)，或者是网络设备的组成部件(如芯片)。
该装置10可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的网络设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发模块11可用于执行上文方法实施例中网络设备的收发相关的操作，处理模块12可用于执行上文方法实施例中网络设备的处理相关的操作。
一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法700-方法800中的网络设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，处理模块12，用于根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；收发模块11，用于向该终端设备发送该第一定时器，并向该终端设备指示在离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活该第一定时器。
另一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法1000-方法1200中的网络设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，处理模块12，用于根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，该第一定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，该第一时长大于或等于该终端设备位于该卫星的覆盖区域的时长和该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；收发模块11，用于向该终端设备发送该第一定时器。
另一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法1000-方法1200中的网络设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，处理模块12，用于在确定终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第三定时器， 该第三定时器用于指示该终端设备向该网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第三时长，该第三时长大于或等于该终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；收发模块11，用于向该终端设备发送该第三定时器。
在另一种可能的实现方式，该装置10可实现上文方法实施例中方法1000-方法1200中的终端设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，处理模块12，用于在确定终端设备即将离开该卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，根据该终端设备位于该卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第四定时器，该第四定时器用于指示该网络设备去注册该终端设备的第四时长；处理模块12，还用于在该终端设备的非接入层连接释放的情况下激活移动可达定时器，并在该移动可达定时器到期的情况下，激活该第四定时器。
应理解，各模块执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述各方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，这里的装置10以功能模块的形式体现。这里的术语“模块”可以指应用特有集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、用于执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器(例如共享处理器、专有处理器或组处理器等)和存储器、合并逻辑电路和/或其它支持所描述的功能的合适组件。在一个可选例子中，本领域技术人员可以理解，装置10可以具体为上述实施例中的网络设备，可以用于执行上述各方法实施例中与网络设备对应的各个流程和/或步骤；或者，装置10可以具体为上述实施例中的终端设备，可以用于执行上述各方法实施例中与终端设备对应的各个流程和/或步骤，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
上述各个方案的装置10具有实现上述方法中的设备(如网络设备，或终端设备)所执行的相应步骤的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块；例如收发模块可以由收发机替代(例如，收发模块中的发送单元可以由发送机替代，收发模块中的接收单元可以由接收机替代)，其它单元，如处理模块等可以由处理器替代，分别执行各个方法实施例中的收发操作以及相关的处理操作。
此外，上述收发模块11还可以是收发电路(例如可以包括接收电路和发送电路)，处理模块可以是处理电路。
图14是本申请实施例提供另一种通信装置20的示意图。该装置20包括处理器21，处理器21用于执行存储器22存储的计算机程序或指令，或读取存储器22存储的数据/信令，以执行上文各方法实施例中的方法。可选地，处理器21为一个或多个。
可选地，如图14所示，该装置20还包括存储器22，存储器22用于存储计算机程序或指令和/或数据。该存储器22可以与处理器21集成在一起，或者也可以分离设置。可选地，存储器22为一个或多个。
可选地，如图14所示，该装置20还包括收发器23，收发器23用于信号的接收和/或发送。例如，处理器21用于控制收发器23进行信号的接收和/或发送。
作为一种方案，该装置20用于实现上文各个方法实施例中由网络设备执行的操作。
例如，处理器21用于执行存储器22存储的计算机程序或指令，以实现上文各个方法实施例中网络设备的相关操作，例如，处理器21执行存储器22存储的计算机程序或执行，可以实现图6的(a)和图6的(b)中的网络设备执行的方法，或者用于指示图7至 图8，以及图10-图12中AMF执行的方法。
作为另一种方案，该装置20用于实现上文各个方法实施例中由终端设备执行的操作。
例如，处理器21用于执行存储器22存储的计算机程序或指令，以实现上文各个方法实施例中终端设备的相关操作。例如，处理器21执行存储器22存储的计算机程序或执行，可以实现图6的(a)和图6的(b)中的终端设备执行的方法，或者用于指示图7至图8，以及图10-图12中UE执行的方法。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。例如，RAM可以用作外部高速缓存。作为示例而非限定，RAM包括如下多种形式：静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)可以集成在处理器中。
还需要说明的是，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
图15是本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统30的示意图。该芯片系统30(或者也可以称为处理系统)包括逻辑电路31以及输入/输出接口(input/output interface)32。
其中，逻辑电路31可以为芯片系统30中的处理电路。逻辑电路31可以耦合连接存储单元，调用存储单元中的指令，使得芯片系统30可以实现本申请各实施例的方法和功能。输入/输出接口32，可以为芯片系统30中的输入输出电路，将芯片系统30处理好的信息输出，或将待处理的数据或信令信息输入芯片系统30进行处理。
作为另一种方案，该芯片系统30用于实现上文各个方法实施例中由网络设备(如图6的(a)和图6的(b)中的网络设备，或图7、图8、图10-图12中的AMF)执行的操作。
作为另一种方案，该芯片系统30用于实现上文各个方法实施例中由终端设备(如图6的(a)和图6的(b)中的终端设备，或图7、图8、图10-图12中的UE)执行的操作。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有用于实现上述各方法实施 例中由设备执行的方法的计算机指令。
例如，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得该计算机可以实现上述方法各实施例中由移动管理网元执行的方法。
又如，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得该计算机可以实现上述方法各实施例中由终端设备执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，包含指令，该指令被计算机执行时以实现上述各方法实施例中由设备(如移动管理网元，又如终端设备设备)执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信的系统，包括前述的移动管理网元和会话管理网元。可选地，该系统中还包括与上述远端终端设备和/或中继终端设备通信的设备。
上述提供的任一种装置中相关内容的解释及有益效果均可参考上文提供的对应的方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。此外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。例如，所述计算机可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD)等。例如，前述的可用介质包括但不限于：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一定时器，所述第一定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，所述第一时长大于或等于所述终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；
    在所述终端设备确定离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，所述终端设备激活述第一定时器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的第二定时器，所述第二定时器用于指示所述终端设备与所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；
    在所述终端设备进入空闲态，且所述终端设备确定位于所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，所述终端设备激活所述第二定时器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述终端设备离开所述卫星的覆盖区域时，所述终端设备停止第二定时器。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一定时器到期后，所述终端设备向所述网络设备发送注册请求消息或跟踪区更新请求消息。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备激活所述第一定时器之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述卫星的星历信息确定所述终端设备离开所述卫星的覆盖区域。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一定时器之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备向所述网络设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备支持在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，所述节能参数包括周期性注册定时器。
  7. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备在确定即将离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，向网络设备发送注册请求消息；
    所述终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的注册接受消息，所述注册接受消息包括第三定时器，所述第三定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第三时长，所述第三时长大于或等于所述终端设备位于卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；
    在所述终端设备进入空闲态的情况下，所述终端设备激活所述第三定时器。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备确定即将离开所述卫星的覆盖区域，其中所述终端设备确定即将离开卫星的覆盖区域，具体包括：
    所述终端设备确定所述终端设备的位置距离所述卫星的覆盖区域的边界的长度小于第一门限值；或者，
    所述终端设备确定所述终端设备距离离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的时间小于第二门限 值的情况。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述注册请求消息包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端设备即将离开所述卫星的覆盖区域。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备在确定即将离开卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，向网络设备发送注册请求消息，包括：
    所述终端设备在确定即将离开卫星的覆盖区域且不支持在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域时激活节能参数的情况下，向所述网络设备发送注册请求消息。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，所述第一定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，所述第一时长大于或等于所述终端设备位于所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长；
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送所述第一定时器，并向所述终端设备指示在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活所述第一定时器。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述网络设备确定所述终端设备离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下，所述网络设备激活所述第一定时器。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备确定所述终端设备在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备确定所述终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长，包括：
    所述网络设备根据所述卫星的覆盖信息以及所述终端设备的位置信息确定所述终端设备在卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送所述第一定时器，包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端发送消息，所述消息包括第二定时器和所述第一定时器，所述第二定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备指示在所述终端设备进入空闲态且所述终端设备位于所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活所述第二定时器。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备接收来自所述终端设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备支持在离开所述卫星的覆盖区域的情况下激活节能参数，所述节能参数包括周期性注册定时器；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第一定时器。
  18. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，所述第一定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第一时长，所述第一时长大于或等于所述终端设备位于所述卫星的覆盖区域的时长和所述终端设备位于所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长之和；
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送所述第一定时器。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，网络设备根据终端设备在卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定第一定时器，包括：
    所述网络设备确定第二定时器，所述第二定时器用于指示所述终端设备向所述网络设备发起周期性连接建立的第二时长；
    在所述网络设备确定所述终端设备在所述第二定时器到期时位于所述卫星的非覆盖区域的情况下，所述网络设备根据所述终端设备在所述卫星的覆盖区域的时长和在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长确定所述第一定时器。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述终端设备进入空闲态时，所述网络设备激活所述第一定时器；
    在所述终端设备从所述空闲态进入连接态、且所述第一定时器没有到期的情况下，所述网络设备继续对所述第一定时器进行计时。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备确定所述终端设备在所述卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备确定所述终端设备在所述卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长，包括：
    所述网络设备根据所述卫星的覆盖信息以及所述终端设备的位置信息确定所述终端设备在所述卫星的覆盖区域的时长以及在所述卫星的非覆盖区域的时长。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括一个或多个功能模块，所述一个或多个功能模块：用于执行如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，或者用于执行如权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法，或者用于执行如权利要求18至22中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，或者以使得所述装置执行如权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法，或者以使得所述装置执行如权利要求18至22中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括用于执行如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法的指令，或者，所述计算机程序产品包括用于执行如权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法的指令，或者，所述计算机程序产品包括用于执行如权利要求18至22中任一项所述的方法的指令。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序；所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述计算机执行如权利要求11至7中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述计算机执行如权利要求18至22中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/090116 2022-05-06 2023-04-23 通信方法和装置 WO2023213204A1 (zh)

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